FAN6863 Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Features Description Low Standby Power: Under 0.1W PWM Frequency Continuously Decreasing with Burst Mode at Light Loads VDD Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) A highly integrated PWM controller, FAN6863 provides several features to enhance the performance of flyback converters. To minimize standby power consumption, a proprietary Green Mode provides off-time modulation to continuously decrease the switching frequency under light-load conditions. Under zero-load conditions, the power supply enters Burst Mode, which completely shuts off PWM output. Output restarts just before the supply voltage drops below the UVLO lower limit. Green Mode enables power supplies to meet international power conservation requirements. Feedback Open-Loop Protection: 60ms Delay Low Startup Current: 8µA Low Operating Current at Green Mode: 600µA Peak-Current Mode Operation with Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limiting Constant Output Power Limit (Full AC Input Range) Internal Latch Circuit (FAN6863L) for OVP, OTP SENSE Pin Short-Circuit Protection (SSCP) Fixed PWM Frequency (65KHz) with Frequency Hopping GATE Output Maximum Voltage Clamp: 13.5V Soft-Start Time: 5ms Soft Driving for EMI Improvement Full Range Frequency Hopping Internal OTP Sensor with Hysteresis GATE Driving Capability: 400mA Other protection functions include SENSE pin ShortCircuit Protection (SSCP), VDD Over-Voltage Protection (OVP), and Over-Temperature Protection (OTP). For OTP, an external NTC thermistor can be applied to sense the ambient temperature. When VDD OVP or OTP is activated, an internal latch circuit latches off the controller. Protection types shown in Table 1. Table 1. Protection Type Applications Part Number OVP OLP OTP / OTP2 SSCP FAN6863 Latch A/R Latch A/R Power Adapters FAN6863L Latch Latch Latch A/R Open-Frame SMPS FAN6863R A/R A/R A/R A/R General-purpose switched-mode power supplies and flyback power converters, including: The FAN6863 is designed for SMPS and integrates a frequency-hopping function that helps reduce EMI emission of a power supply with minimum line filters. The built-in synchronized slope compensation provides proprietary sawtooth compensation for constant output power limit over universal AC input range. The gate output is clamped at 13.5V to protect the external MOSFET from over-voltage damage. SMPS with Surge-Current Output, such as for Printers, Scanners, Motor Drivers Ordering Information Part Number Operating Temperature Range FAN6863TY FAN6863LTY -40 to +105°C FAN6863RTY © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 Package 6-Lead, SuperSOT™-6, JEDEC M0-193, 1.6mm Wide Packing Method Tape & Reel www.fairchildsemi.com FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller May 2011 Figure 1. Typical Application Block Diagram FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Typical Application Figure 2. Block Diagram © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 2 FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Marking Information ABx: TT: : _ _ _: ABR: FAN6863TY ABF: FAN6863RTY ABG: FAN6863LTY Wafer Lot Code Year Code Week Code Figure 3. Top Mark Pin Configuration Figure 4. Pin Configuration Pin Definitions Pin # Name Function 1 GND Ground Description Ground. 2 FB Feedback The FB pin provides the output voltage regulation signal. It provides feedback to the internal PWM comparator, so the PWM comparator can control the duty cycle. This pin also provides over-current protection. Once VFB is large than trigger level and last for a long time, the controller stops and restarts. 3 RT Temperature Detection An external NTC thermistor is connected from this pin to GND pin. The impedance of the NTC decreases at high temperatures. Once the voltage of the RT pin drops below a threshold, PWM output is disabled. 4 This pin senses the voltage across a resistor. When the voltage reaches the internal threshold, PWM output is disabled and this activates over-current SENSE Current Sense protection. This pin also provides current amplitude information for CurrentMode control. 5 VDD 6 GATE Power Supply Power supply. Driver Output The totem-pole output driver for driving the power MOSFET. © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 3 Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended. In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability. The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. All voltage values, except differential voltages, are given with respect to GND pin. Symbol VDD Parameter Supply Voltage VL Input Voltage to FB, SENSE, and RT Pins ΘJA Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Ambient) TJ TSTG TL ESD Min. -0.3 Max. Unit 30 V 7.0 V 247 °C/W Operating Junction Temperature -40 +125 °C Storage Temperature Range -55 +150 °C +260 °C Lead Temperature, Wave Soldering, 10 Seconds Human Body Model, JESD22-A114 5.5 Charge Device Model, JESD22-C101 1.5 kV Recommended Operating Conditions The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings. Symbol TA Parameter Operating Ambient Temperature © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 Min. Max. Unit -40 +105 °C FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Absolute Maximum Ratings www.fairchildsemi.com 4 VDD = 15V and TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit 20 V VDD Section VDD-OP Continuously Operating Voltage VDD-ON Turn-On Threshold Voltage 15 16 17 V VDD-OFF Turn-Off Voltage 6.5 7.0 7.5 V VDD-LH Threshold Voltage for Latch-Off Release 3 4 5 V 8 15 µA 2 mA IDD-ST Startup Current VDD-ON – 0.16V IDD-OP1 Operating Supply Current when PWM Operation VDD = 20V, VFB = 3V Gate Open IDD-OP2 Operating Supply Current when FB< VFB-ZDC VDD = 15V, VFB < VFB-ZDC VDD-OVP VDD Over-Voltage Protection FAN6863L-Latch, FAN6863R-Auto Restart tD-VDDOVP VDD OVP Debounce Time IDD-LH Latch-Off Holding Current 600 21.5 22.5 µA 23.5 50 VDD = 5V; FAN6863, FAN6863L Only V µs 70 80 µA 1/3.5 1/3.0 V/V Feedback Input Section AV Input-Voltage to Current-Sense Attenuation ZFB Input Impedance VFB-OPEN FB Pin Open Voltage VFB-OLP Threshold Voltage for Open-Loop Protection 1/4.0 17 tD-OLP Open-Loop Protection Delay FB > VFB-OLP, tON < 2.5µs, TA = -40 to +105°C tD-SCP Secondary Short Circuit Protection Delay FB > VFB-OLP, tON < 2.5µs, TA = -40 to +105°C tON-SCP Short-Circuit Protection On-Time Detection FB>VFB-OLP, TA = -40 to +105°C kΩ 5.2 5.4 5.6 V 4.3 4.6 4.9 V 54 60 65 ms 6 7 8 ms 2.5 FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Electrical Characteristics µs Current Sense Section tPD Delay to Output tLEB Leading-Edge Blanking Time 100 200 250 ns 250 ns VSTHFL Flat Threshold Voltage for Current Limit Duty>55% 0.6 V VSTHVA Valley Threshold Voltage for Current Limit Duty = 0% 0.39 V 5 ms 110 mV 4.4 µs 100 µs tSOFT-START Period During Startup Time VSSCP Threshold Voltage for SENSE Short-Circuit Protection tON-SSCP Detect SENSE On Time for SENSE ShortCircuit Protection tSSCP Startup Time tON > 4.5µs, FB < VFB-OLP, TA = -40 to +105°C tON > 4.5µs, FB < VFB-OLP, TA = -40 to +105°C Debounce Time for SENSE Short-Circuit Protection Continued on the following page… © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 5 VDD = 15 and TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. 60 65 68 Unit Oscillator Section Center Frequency VFB > VFB-N fOSC Normal PWM Frequency Hopping Range VFB VFB-N ±4.2 VFB = VFB-G ±2.9 kHz thop-1 Hopping Period 1 VFB VFB-N 4.4 ms thop-3 Hopping Period 3 VFB = VFB-G 11.5 ms fOSC-G Green Mode Minimum Frequency 22.5 kHz VFB-N FB Threshold Voltage for Frequency Reduction 2.5 V VFB-G FB Voltage at fOSC-G 2.2 V FB Threshold Voltage for Zero-Duty 1.6 V ZDC Hysteresis 0.15 V VFB-ZDC VFB-ZDCR VFB-ZDC fDV Frequency Variation vs. VDD Deviation VDD = 7.5V to 21V fDT Frequency Variation vs. Temperature Deviation TA = -40 to +105°C 0.5 2.0 % 2 % Continued on following page… FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Electrical Characteristics (Continued) PWM Frequency fOSC fOSC-G VFB-ZDC VFB-ZDCR VFB-G VFB-N VFB Figure 5. PWM Frequency © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 6 VDD = 15V and TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit PWM Output Section DCYMAX Maximum Duty Cycle VOL Output Voltage LOW VDD = 15V, IO = 50mA VOH Output Voltage HIGH VDD = 8V, IO = 50mA tR Rising Time (with Soft Driving) GATE = 1nF 150 200 ns tF Falling Time GATE = 1nF 35 80 ns VCLAMP Gate Output Clamping Voltage VDD = 20V 13.5 15.0 IO-SOURCE Gate Source Driving Capability VDD = 15V 400 mA Gate Sink Driving Capability VDD = 15V 400 mA 10 kΩ IO-SINK 70 % 1.5 6 12.0 V V V Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) Section RRT Internal Resistor from RT Pin VOTP Threshold Voltage for Over-Temperature Protection FAN6863, FAN6863LLatch, FAN6863R-Auto Restart, at 25°C tDOTP Over-Temperature Debounce Time VFB=VFB-N VOTP2 Second Threshold Voltage for OverTemperature Protection FAN6863, FAN6863LLatch, FAN6863R-Auto Restart, at 25°C 0.95 1.00 1.05 17 0.65 0.70 V ms 0.75 V tDOTP2 Second Over-Temperature Debounce Time 135 µs TOTP Protection Junction Temperature(1) +135 °C Restart Junction Temperature(2) TOTP25 °C TRestart FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Notes: 1. When activated, the output is disabled and the latch is turned off. 2. The threshold temperature for enabling the output again and resetting the latch after OTP has been activated. © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 7 Figure 6. Turn-On Threshold Voltage (VDD-ON) vs. Temperature Figure 7. Turn-Off Threshold Voltage (VDD-OFF) vs. Temperature Figure 8. Operating Current (IDD-OP) vs. Temperature Figure 9. VDD Over-Voltage Protection (VDD-OVP) vs. Temperature Figure 10. Center Frequency (fOSC) vs. Temperature Figure 11. FB Threshold Voltage for Frequency Reduction (VFB-N) vs. Temperature © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Typical Performance Characteristics www.fairchildsemi.com 8 Figure 12. FB Voltage at fOSC-G (VFB-G) vs. Temperature Figure 13. Threshold Voltage for Open-Loop Protection (VFB-OLP) vs. Temperature Figure 14. Open-Loop Protection Delay (tD-OLP) vs. Temperature Figure 15. Flat Threshold Voltage for Current Limit (VSTHFL) vs. Temperature Figure 16. Valley Threshold Voltage for Current Limit (VSTHVA) vs. Temperature Figure 17. GATE Output Clamping Voltage (VCLAMP) vs. Temperature © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) www.fairchildsemi.com 9 Figure 18. Maximum Duty Cycle (DCYMAX) vs. Temperature Figure 19. Threshold Voltage for SENSE Short-Circuit Protection (VSSCP) vs. Temperature Figure 20. Leading-Edge Blanking Time (tLEB) vs. Temperature Figure 21. Rising Time (tR) vs. Temperature Figure 22. Falling Time (tF) vs. Temperature Figure 23. Internal Resistor from RT Pin (RRT) vs. Temperature © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) www.fairchildsemi.com 10 FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Operation Description Startup Operation Figure 24 shows a typical startup circuit and transformer auxiliary winding for a typical application. Before switching operation begins, FAN6863 consumes only startup current (typically 8µA) and the current supplied through the startup resistor charges the VDD capacitor (CDD). When VDD reaches turn-on voltage of 16V (VDDON), switching begins and the current consumed increases to 2mA. Then power is supplied from the transformer auxiliary winding. The large hysteresis of VDD (7V) provides more holdup time, which allows using a small capacitor for VDD. The startup resistor is typically connected to AC line for a fast reset of latch protection. Figure 25. PWM Frequency Figure 24. Startup Circuit Green-Mode Operation Figure 26. Burst-Mode Operation The FAN6863 uses feedback voltage (VFB) as an indicator of the output load and modulates the PWM frequency, as shown in Figure 25, such that the switching frequency decreases as load decreases. In heavy-load conditions, the switching frequency is 65kHz. Once VFB decreases below VFB-N (2.5V), the PWM frequency starts to linearly decrease from 65kHz to 22.5kHz to reduce the switching losses. As VFB decreases below VFB-G (2.2V), the switching frequency is fixed at 22.5kHz and FAN6863 enters “deep” Green Mode, where the operating current decreases to 600µA (maximum), further reducing the standby power consumption. As VFB decreases below VFB-ZDC (1.6V), FAN6863 enters Burst-Mode operation. When VFB drops below VFB-ZDC, switching stops and the output voltage starts to drop, which causes the feedback voltage to rise. Once VFB rises above VFB-ZDC, switching resumes. Burst Mode alternately enables and disables switching, thereby reducing switching loss in Standby Mode, as shown in Figure 26. Frequency Hopping EMI reduction is accomplished by frequency hopping, which spreads the energy over a wider frequency range than the bandwidth measured by the EMI test equipment. An internal frequency hopping circuit changes the switching frequency between 60.8kHz and 69.2kHz with a period of 4.4ms, as shown in Figure 27. Figure 27. Frequency Hopping © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 11 Open-Loop / Overload Protection (OLP) Self-protective functions include VDD Over-Voltage Protection (OVP), Open-Loop / Overload Protection (OLP), Over-Current Protection (OCP), Short-Circuit Protection (SCP), SENSE pin Short-Circuit Protection (SSCP), and Over-Temperature Protection (OTP). OLP, OCP, SCP, and SSCP are auto-restart mode protections; OVP and OTP are latch-mode protections. When the upper branch of the voltage divider for the shunt regulator (KA431 shown in Figure 29) is broken, no current flows through the photo-coupler transistor, which pulls up the feedback voltage to 5.2V. When feedback voltage is above 4.6V for longer than 60ms, OLP is triggered. This protection is also triggered when the SMPS output drops below the nominal value for longer than 60ms due to the overload condition. Auto-Restart Mode Protection Once a fault condition is detected, switching is terminated and the MOSFET remains off. This causes VDD to fall because no more power is delivered from auxiliary winding. When VDD falls to VDD-OFF (7V), the protection is reset and the operating current reduces to startup current, which causes VDD to rise. FAN6863 resumes normal operation when VDD reaches VDD-ON (16V). In this manner, the auto-restart can alternately enable and disable the switching of the MOSFET until the fault condition is eliminated (see Figure 28). If the secondary output-short situation occurs when the feedback voltage is above 4.6V, protection time is 7ms for shorter debounce time. FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Protections Figure 29. OLP Operation VDD Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) VDD over-voltage protection prevents IC damage caused by over voltage on the VDD pin. The OVP is triggered when VDD reaches 22.5V. A debounce time (typically 50µs) prevents false triggering by switching noise. Figure 28. Auto Restart Operation Latch-Mode Protection Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) Once this protection is triggered, switching is terminated and the MOSFET remains off. The latch is reset only when VDD is discharged below 4V by unplugging the AC power line. The OTP circuit is composed of current source and voltage comparators. Typically, an NTC thermistor is connected between the RT and GND pins. If the voltage of this pin drops below a threshold of 1.0V, PWM output is disabled after tDOTP debounce time. If this pin drops below 0.7V, it triggers the latch-off protection immediately after tDOTP2 debounce time. Over-Current Protection (OCP) FAN6863 has two over-current protection thresholds. One is for pulse-by-pulse current limit, which turns off MOSFET for the remainder of the switching cycle when the sensing voltage of MOSFET drain current reaches the threshold. The other threshold is for the over-current protection, which shuts down the MOSFET gate when the sensing voltage of MOSFET drain current is above the threshold longer than the shutdown delay (60ms). © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 12 Typical Application Circuit (Netbook Adapter by Flyback) Application Fairchild Devices Input Voltage Range Output Netbook Adapter FAN6863 90~265VAC 19V/2.1A (40W) Features High efficiency (>85.3% at full-load condition) meeting EPS regulation with enough margin Low standby (pin<0.1W at no-load condition) Soft-start time: 5ms 230VAC 50Hz (89.92% Avg.) 115VAC 60Hz (88.75% Avg.) 85.29% (Energy Star V2.0) Figure 30. Measured Efficiency and Power Saving Figure 31. Schematic of Typical Application Circuit © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 13 Core: RM 8 Bobbin: RM 8 Figure 32. Transformer NO Terminal Wire Ts Insulation S F N1 11 10 0.25 • 1 9 3 N2 3 2 0.25 • 1 33 1 COPPER SHIELD 1.2 3 11 N3 Fly- Fly+ 11 N4 2 1 0.5 • 2 12 1 COPPER SHIELD 1.2 3 0.25 • 1 33 4 CORE ROUNDING TAPE Primary Secondary 3 Pin Specification Primary-Side Inductance 3－1 920µH ±5% Primary-Side Effective Leakage 3－1 15µH Maximum © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 Ts Barrier FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Transformer Specification Remark 100kHz, 1V Short One of the Secondary Windings www.fairchildsemi.com 14 FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller Physical Dimensions Figure 33. 6-Lead, SuperSOT™-6 JEDEC, M0-193 1.6mm Wide Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild’s worldwide terms and conditions, specifically the warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products. Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor’s online packaging area for the most recent package drawings: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/. © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 15 FAN6863 — Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller © 2011 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6863 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 16