AS5048A/AS5048B Magnetic Rotary Encoder (14-bit Angular Position Sensor) General Description The AS5048 is an easy to use 360° angle position sensor with a 14-bit high resolution output. The maximum system accuracy is 0.05° assuming linearization and averaging is done by the external microcontroller. The IC measures the absolute position of the magnet’s rotation angle and consists of Hall sensors, analog digital converter and digital signal processing. The absolute position information of the magnet is directly accessible over a PWM output and can be read out over a standard SPI or a high speed I²C interface. AS5048A has a SPI interface, AS5048B I²C interface. Both devices offer a PWM output. The zero position can be programmed via SPI or I²C command. This simplifies the assembly of the complete system because the zero position of the magnet does not need to be mechanically aligned. The sensor tolerates misalignment, air gap variations, temperature variations and as well external magnetic fields. This robustness and wide temperature range (-40°C up to +150°C) of the AS5048 makes the IC ideal for rotation angle sensing in harsh industrial and medical environments. Several AS5048 ICs can be connected in daisy chain for serial data read out. An internal voltage regulator allows the AS5048 to operate at either 3.3 V or 5 V supplies. Ordering Information and Content Guide appear at end of datasheet. Key Benefits & Features The benefits and features of AS5048A/AS5048B, Magnetic Rotary Encoder (14-bit Angular Position Sensor) are listed below: Figure 1: Added Value of using AS5048 Benefits Features No external programmer needed Contactless rotary position sensor over 360° High precision Immune to external magnetic stray fields Easy to use 14-bit resolution (0.0219°/LSB) Low material costs (no shielding) Standard SPI or I2C interface and PWM Zero position programmable via SPI or I2C Temperature range: -40°C to +150°C ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 1 Benefits Features 3.3V / 5V compliant Package: 14-pin TSSOP (5 x 6.4mm) Applications The applications of AS5048 include: • Robotic joint position detection • Industrial motor position control • Medical robots and fitness equipment Block Diagram The functional blocks of this device for reference are shown below: Figure 2: AS5048A Block Diagram VDD5V SCK VDD3V Register Setting LDO MISO SPI MOSI OTP CSn AFE 14-bit A/D 14-bit A/D ATAN (CORDIC) PWM PWM AS5048A AGC GND AS5048A/AS5048B – 2 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] General Description Figure 3: AS5048B Block Diagram VDD5V SCL VDD3V Register Setting LDO SDA I2C A1 OTP A2 AFE 14-bit A/D A/D 14-bit ATAN (CORDIC) PWM PWM AS5048B AGC GND ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 3 Pin Assignment The AS5048A/AS5048B pin assignments are described below. Pin Assignment Figure 4: TSSOP14 Pin Configuration 14 PWM SDA 1 14 PWM CLK 2 13 GND SCL 2 13 GND MISO 3 12 VDD3V A2 3 12 VDD3V MOSI 4 11 VDD5V A1 4 11 VDD5V TEST 5 10 TEST TEST 5 10 TEST TEST 6 9 TEST TEST 6 9 TEST TEST 7 8 TEST TEST 7 8 TEST AS5048B 1 AS5048A CSn Figure 5: TSSOP14 Pin Description for AS5048A Pin AS5048A Pin Type 1 CSn 2 CLK 3 MISO Digital I/O with schmitt trigger in the input path SPI master in/slave out 4 MOSI Digital input with schmitt trigger SPI master out/slave in 5 TEST 6 TEST 7 TEST 8 TEST 9 TEST 10 TEST 11 VDD5V 12 VDD3V 13 GND 14 PWM Digital input with schmitt trigger Analog I/O AS5048A/AS5048B – 4 Description SPI chip select - active low SPI clock input Test pins. These pins should be grounded to GND. Positive Supply Voltage, 3.0 to 5.5 V Supply pad 3.3V Regulator output; internally regulated from VDD. Connect to VDD for 3V supply voltage. 10μF capacitor to GND required in 5V operation mode Negative Supply Voltage (GND) Digital output – push-pull Pulse Width Modulation output ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Pi n A s s i g n m e n t Figure 6: TSSOP14 Pin Description for AS5048B Pin AS5048B Type 1 SDA Digital I/O with open drain output 2 SCL 3 A2 4 A1 5 TEST 6 TEST 7 TEST 8 TEST 9 TEST 10 TEST 11 VDD5V 12 VDD3V 13 GND 14 PWM Description Data pin I²C interface I²C clock input Digital input with schmitt trigger I²C address selection pin 3 I²C address selection pin 4 Analog I/O Test pins. These pins should be grounded to GND. Positive Supply Voltage, 3.0 to 5.5 V Supply pad 3.3V Regulator output; internally regulated from VDD. Connect to VDD for 3V supply voltage. 10μF capacitor to GND required in 5V operation mode Negative Supply Voltage (GND) Digital output – push-pull ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Pulse Width Modulation output AS5048A/AS5048B – 5 Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Operating Conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Figure 7: Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit Note Electrical Parameters VDD5V DC supply voltage at VDD pin -0.3 7 V VDD3V DC voltage at VDD3V pin -0.3 5 V DC voltage at GND pin -0.3 0.3 V VDD+0.3 V 100 mA Norm: Jedec 78 kV Norm: MIL 883 E method 3015 GND VIN Input pin voltage ISCR Input current (latchup immunity) -100 Electroststic Discharge ESD Electrostatic discharge ±2 Power Dissipation PT Total power dissipation (all supplies and outputs) 150 mW Temperature Ranges and Storage Conditions TSTRG Storage temperature TBODY Package body temperature H Humidity non-condensing MSL Moisture Sensitive Level AS5048A/AS5048B – 6 -55 150 5 3 °C 260 °C 85 % The reflow peak soldering temperature (body temperature) specified is in accordance with IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 “Moisture Solid State Surface Mount Devices”. The lead finish from Pb-free leaded packages is matte tin (100%Sn) Represents a maximum floor life time of 168h ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Electrical Characteristics All in this specification defined tolerances for external components need to be assured over the whole operation conditions range and also over lifetime. Electrical Characteristics Operating Conditions Figure 8: Operating Conditions Symbol VDD5V Parameter Positive supply voltage VDD3V VDDCORE Positive core supply voltage TAMB Ambient temperature ISUP Supply Current Min Max Unit Note 4.5 5.5 V 5V Operation via LDO 3 3.6 V LDO output voltage 3 3.6 V -40 150 °C 15 mA Only for 5V operation. T_amb_max for 3V is 125°C DC/AC Characteristics for Digital Inputs and Outputs Figure 9: DC/AC Characteristics Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit CMOS Digital Input with Schmitt Trigger: CSn, CLK, MOSI and SCL, A1, A2 VIH High level input voltage VIL Low level input voltage lLEAK 0.7 * VDDCORE Input leakage current V 0.3 * VDDCORE V 1 μA CMOS Output: PWM, MISO, SDA VOH High level output voltage VOL Low level output voltage CL IOUT VDDCORE - 0.5 V GND+0.4 V Capacitive load 50 pF Output current 4 mA ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 7 Electrical Characteristics Electrical System Specifications VDD5V = 5V, T Ambient = -40 to +150°C unless noted otherwise. Figure 10: System Specification Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Bz Magnetic input field 30 50 70 mT fsample Output sampling rate 10.2 11.25 12.4 kHz RES Output Resolution 14 Noise Sensor output noise tprop System propagation delay 90.7 fPWM PWM frequency 0.907 INLOPT @25ºC INL OPT+TEMP INL DIS+TEMP tstartup 0.06 Deg 100 110.2 μs 1 1.102 kHz Non-linearity, optimum placement of the magnet ± 0.8 Deg Non-linearity optimum placement of the magnet over the full Temperature Range ±1 Deg ±1.2 Deg 10 ms Non-linearity @ displacement of magnet and temperature -40ºC to 150ºC Startup Time AS5048A/AS5048B – 8 2.73LSB@14bit, rms value Bit Assuming N35H Magnet (D=8mm, H=3mm) 500um displacement in x and y z-distance @ 2000um ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Fu n c t i o n a l D e s c r i p t i o n Functional Description The AS5048 is a magnetic Hall sensor system manufactured in a CMOS process. A lateral Hall sensor array is used to measure the magnetic field components perpendicular to the surface of the chip. The AS5048 is uses self-calibration methods to eliminate signal offset and sensitivity drifts. The integrated Hall sensors are placed around the center of the device and deliver a voltage representation of the magnetic flux Bz. Through Sigma-Delta Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) and Digital Signal-Processing (DSP) algorithms, the AS5048 provides accurate high-resolution absolute angular position information. This is executed by a Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) which calculates the angle and the magnitude of the Hall array signals. The DSP is also used to provide digital information at the outputs that indicate movements of the magnet towards or away from the device’s surface, in the z-axis. A small diametrically magnetized (two-pole) standard magnet provides the angular position information. Depending on the system requirements different magnet diameters are possible. Additional flexibility is given by the wide range of the magnetic input range. The AS5048 can be combined with NeFeB, SmCo and alternative magnet materials e.g. hard ferrites. The AS5048 provides a 14-bit binary code representing the angular position of the magnet. The type of output is pre-programmed as SPI version A or I²C version B. Simultaneously a PWM output signal is available in 12 bit format. A simple programming of the zero position is possible over the interface. No additional programmer is needed. The AS5048 uses one time programmable (OTP) fuses for permanent programming of the user settings. The verification is possible over a simple digital readout of the OTP content. ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 9 Operation Operation Supply Voltage Configuration The AS5048 operates at 5V ±10%, using an internal Low-Dropout (LDO) voltage regulator. In addition a 3.3V operation is possible. The VDD3V output is intended for internal use only. It must not be loaded with an external load. Figure 11: Connections for 5V and 3.3V Supply Voltages 3.3V Operation 5V Operation 10µF VDD3V VDD3V 100nF 10µF 100nF LDO LDO VDD5V VDD5V Internal VDD3.3V Internal VDD3.3V 4.5 - 5.5V 3.0 - 3.6V GND GND Note(s) and/or Footnote(s): 1. The pin VDD3V must always be buffered by a 10 μF capacitor in 5V operation. It must not be left floating, as this may cause unstable internal supply voltages which may lead to larger output jitter of the measured angle. In 3V operation the VDD3V must be shorted to VDD5V. The ambient temperature TAMB is limited to 125°C in this mode. SPI Interface The 16 bit SPI Interface enables read / write access to the register blocks and is compatible to a standard micro controller interface. The SPI is active as soon as CSn is pulled low. The AS5048A then reads the digital value on the MOSI (master out slave in) input with every falling edge of CLK and writes on its MISO (master in slave out) output with the rising edge. After 16 clock cycles CSn has to be set back to a high status in order to reset some parts of the interface core. SPI Interface Signals (4-Wire Mode, Wire_mode = 1) The AS5048A only supports slave operation mode. Therefore CLK for the communication as well as the CSn signal has to be provided by the test equipment. The following picture shows a basic interconnection diagram with one master and an AS5048A device and a principle schematic of the interface core. AS5048A/AS5048B – 10 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Operation Figure 12: SPI Connection AS5048A with μC CLK SPI_CLK CSn SPI_SSN MOSI MOSI Interface Core RXSR Master Device RXSPI TXSPI (Tester) TXSR MISO MISO AS5048A Because the interface has to decode the sent command before it can react and provide data the response of the chip to a specific command applied at a time T can be accessed in the next transmission cycle ending at T + TCOM. The data are sent and read with MSB first. Every time the chip is accessed it is sending and receiving data. Figure 13: SPI Command/Response Data Flow TCOM MSB MOSI MISO MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB LSB Command 1 Command 2 Command 3 Command N NOP Response 1 Response 2 Response N-1 LSB Transmission 1 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] MSB LSB Transmission 2 MSB LSB Transmission 3 MSB LSB Transmission N AS5048A/AS5048B – 11 Operation SPI Timing Figure 14: SPI Timing Diagram tCSn CSn (Input) tL tclk tclkL tclkH tH CLK (Input) tMISO tOZ MISO (Output) data[15] data[14] data[0] tOZ tMOSI MOSI (Input) data[15] data[14] data[0] Figure 15: SPI Timing Characteristics Parameter tL Description Min Max Unit Time between CSn falling edge and CLK rising edge 350 ns TCLK Serial clock period 100 ns tCLKL Low period of serial clock 50 ns tCLKH High period of serial clock 50 ns Time between last falling edge of CLK and rising edge of CSn 50 ns TCSnH High time of CSn between two transmissions 350 ns tMOSI Data input valid to clock edge 20 ns tMISO CLK edge to data output valid tH AS5048A/AS5048B – 12 20 ns ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Operation SPI Connection to the Host μC Single Slave Mode Figure 16: Single Slave Mode 4 wire mode µC MOSI MOSI MISO MISO SCK SCK SS/ SS/ MOSI AS5048A 0xFFFF Read angle 1 MISO 0xFFFF Read angle 2 0xFFFF Read angle 3 0xFFFF Read angle 4 Angle 1 Angle 2 Angle 3 SS/ 3 wire mode (Read only) MOSI µC 1 MISO MOSI MISO MISO SCK SCK SS/ SS/ AS5048A Angle 1 Angle 2 Angle 3 SS/ Single Slave Mode: This figure shows the SPI connection to the host μC using Single Slave Mode. 3 Wire Mode (read only) Figure 17: Multiple Slave, n+3 Wire (Separate ChipSelect) MOSI MOSI MISO MISO SCK SCK SS1/ SS/ MOSI µC AS5048A 1 MISO SW Reset 0xFFFF Read angle 1 0xFFFF Read angle 2 Angle 1 0xFFFF Read angle 3 Angle 2 Angle 3 SS2/ SS1/ SS3/ MOSI MISO SCK SS2/ SS3/ AS5048A 2 SS/ MOSI MISO SCK AS5048A 3 SS/ Multiple Slave, n+3 Wire (Separate ChipSelect): This figure shows the SPI connection to the host μC using 3 Wire mode. ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 13 Operation Daisy Chain, 4 Wire Figure 18: Daisy Chain, 4 Wire MOSI µC MOSI MOSI MISO MISO SCK SCK SS/ SS/ AS5048A 1 SW Reset SW Reset SW Reset 0xFFFF Read Angle 3 0xFFFF Read angle 2 0xFFFF Read Angle 1 MISO SS/ MOSI MISO SCK MOSI AS5048A 2 MISO SS/ 0xFFFF Read angle 3 0xFFFF Read angle 2 0xFFFF Read angle 1 Angle 3 Angle 2 Angle 1 SS/ MOSI MISO SCK AS5048A 3 SS/ Daisy Chain, 4 Wire: This figure shows the SPI connection to the host μC using Daisy Chain, 4 wire mode. SPI Communication Command Package Every command sent to the AS5048A is represented with the following layout. Figure 19: SPI Command Package Command Package Bit MSB 14 PAR RWn 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB Address<13:0> Bit Definition & Description PAR Parity bit (EVEN) RWn Indicates read(1) or write(0) command Address AS5048A/AS5048B – 14 14 bit address code ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Operation Read Package (Value Read from AS5048A) The read frame always contains two alarm bits, the parity and error flags and the addressed data of the previous read command. Figure 20: SPI Read Package Read Package Bit MSB 14 PAR EF 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB Data<13:0> Bit Definition & Description PAR Parity bit (EVEN) EF Error flag indicating a transmission error in a previous host transmission Data 14 bit addressed data Write Data Package (Value Written to AS5048A) The write frame is compatible to the read frame and contains two additional bits, parity flag and R flag. If the previous command was a write command a second package has to be transmitted. Figure 21: SPI Write Data Package Data Package Bit MSB 14 PAR R 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB Data <13:0> Bit Definition & Description PAR R Data Parity bit (EVEN) Has to be 0 14 bit data to write to former selected address ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 15 Register Description Register Description Figure 22: SPI Register Map Address hex Name Access Type Bit Symbol Default Description Control and Error Registers 13 x0000 NOP R : NOP 0 Not used n.a. No operation dummy information 0 13 : x0001 Clear Error Flag 3 Error Register. All errors are cleared by access R 2 Parity Error 1 Command Invalid 0 Framing Error 0 13 : Not used 7 6 Verify 5 x0003 Programming Control R/W Not used 4 3 Burn 2 0 Programming control register. Programming must be enabled before burning the fuse(s). After programming is a verification mandatory. See programming procedure. Reserved 1 0 AS5048A/AS5048B – 16 Programming Enable ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Register Description Address hex Name Access Type Bit Symbol Default Description Programmable Customer Settings 13 : x0016 OTP Register Zero Position Hi R/W + Program Not used 0 8 7 Zero Position <13> 0 : : : 0 Zero Position <6> 0 Not used 0 Zero Position value high byte 13 : x0017 OTP Register Zero Position Low 6 LSBs R/W + Program 6 5 Zero Position <5> 0 : : : 0 Zero Position <0> 0 Zero Position remaining 6 lower LSB's Readout Registers 13 Not used n.a. 11 Comp High 0 10 Comp Low 0 9 COF 0 8 OCF 1 7 AGC value<7> 1 : : : 0 AGC value<0> 0 13 Magnitude<13> 0 : : : 0 Magnitude<0> 0 13 Angle <13> 0 : : : 0 Angle<0> 0 12 Diagnostics flags x3FFD x3FFE x3FFF Diagnostics + Automatic Gain Control (AGC) Magnitude Angle ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] R R R Automatic Gain Control value. 0 decimal represents high magnetic field 255 decimal represents low magnetic field Magnitude information after ATAN calculation Angle information after ATAN calculation and zero position adder AS5048A/AS5048B – 17 SPI Inter face Commands SPI Interface Commands READ Command For a single READ command two transmission sequences are necessary. The first package written to the AS5048 contains the READ command (MSB-1 high) and the address the chip has to access, the second package transmitted to the AS5048 device can be any command the chip has to process next. The content of the desired register is available in the MISO register of the master device at the end of the second transmission cycle. Figure 23: READ Command TCOM MSB LSB MOSI MISO MSB LSB READ Next command Response -1 Response on READ command MSB LSB MSB Transmission N LSB Transmission N+1 WRITE Command A single WRITE command takes two transmission cycles. With a NOP command after the WRITE command you can verify the sent data with three transmission cycles because the data will be send back during the following command. Figure 24: WRITE Command TCOM MSB LSB MOSI MISO MSB LSB MSB LSB WRITE command DATA NOP Response-1 Old register content New register content MSB LSB Transmission N AS5048A/AS5048B – 18 MSB LSB Transmission N+1 MSB LSB Transmission N+2 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] SPI Inter face Commands CLEAR ERROR FLAG Command The CLEAR ERROR FLAG command is implemented as READ command. This command clears the ERROR FLAG which is contained in every READ frame. Before the ERROR FLAG is cleared the error register content comes back with the information which error type was occurred. On the next new READ register the ERROR FLAG is cleared. Figure 25: CLEAR ERROR FLAG Command TCOM MSB LSB MSB LSB MOSI CLEAR ERROR FLAG Next command Next command MISO Response-1 EF Error register Content + EF New register EF cleared MSB LSB MSB Transmission N MSB LSB LSB Transmission N+2 Transmission N+1 The package necessary to perform a CLEAR ERROR FLAG is built up as follows. Figure 26: Clear Error Flag Command CLEAR ERROR FLAG Command Bit MSB 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB PAR 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Possible conditions which force the ERROR FLAG to be set: • Wrong parity • Wrong number of clocks (no full transmission cycle or too many clocks) • Invalid command • Frame error Note(s): If the error flag is set to high because of a communication problem the flag remains set until it will be cleared by the CLERAR ERROR FLAG command. ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 19 SPI Inter face Commands NOP Command The NOP command represents a dummy write to the AS5048. Figure 27: NOP Command TCOM MSB LSB MOSI MISO MSB LSB MSB LSB NOP NOP Next command Response-1 0x0000 0x0000 MSB LSB MSB Transmission N LSB MSB Transmission N+1 LSB Transmission N+2 The NOP command frame looks like follows. Figure 28: NOP Command NOP Command Bit MSB 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 The chip’s response on this command is 0x0000 AS5048A/AS5048B – 20 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] I²C Inter face The AS5048B supports 2-wire high-speed I²C protocol in device mode. The host MCU (master) has to initiate the data transfers. The 7-bit device address of the slave depends on the state of the OTP I²C register 21 (0x15) bit 0…4 + 2 I²C address selection pin 3 and 4. I²C Interface Supported modes: • Random/Sequential Read • Byte/Page Write • Standard : 0 to 100kHz clock frequency (slave mode) • Fast Mode : 0 to 400kHz clock frequency (slave mode) • High Speed: 0 to 3.4MHz clock frequency (slave mode) The SDA signal is bidirectional and is used to read and write the serial data. The SCL signal is the clock generated by the host MCU, to synchronize the SDA data in read and write mode. The maximum I²C clock frequency is 3.4MHz, data are triggered on the rising edge of SCL. I²C Electrical Specification Figure 29: I²C Electrical Specification FS-mode+ Symbol Parameter Condition HS-mode CB=100pF HS-mode CB=400pF Min Max Min Max Min Max -0.5 0.3VDDC -0.5 0.3VDDC Unit VIL LOW-Level Input Voltage -0.5 0.3VDDC VIH HIGH-Level Input Voltage 0.7VDD VDDCORE + 0.5 0.7VDD CORE VDDCORE + 0.5 0.7VDD CORE CORE VDDCORE + 0.5 V Vhys Hysteresis of Schmitt Trigger Inputs VDDCORE< 2V 0.1VDD -- 0.1VDD -- 0.1VDD -- V VOL LOW-Level Output Voltage (open-drain or open-collector) at 3mA Sink Current VDDCORE< 2V -- 0.2VDDC -- 0.2VDDC -- 0.2VDDC V IOL LOW-Level Output Current VOL = 0.4V 20 -- -- -- -- mA ICS Pull-up current of SCLH current source -- -- 3 12 3 12 mA tSP Pulse Width of Spikes that must be suppressed by the Input Filter -- 50 (1) -- 10 -- 10 ns ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] CORE ORE ORE CORE ORE ORE CORE ORE ORE V AS5048A/AS5048B – 21 I²C Inter face HS-mode CB=100pF FS-mode+ Symbol Parameter Condition Input Voltage between HS-mode CB=400pF Unit Min Max Min Max Min Max -10 +10 (2) -- 10 -- 10 μA Ii Input Current at each I/O Pin CB Total Capacitive Load for each Bus Line -- 550 -- 100 -- 400 pF CI/O I/O Capacitance (SDA,SCL) -- 10 -- 10 -- 10 pF Note(s) and/or Footnote(s): 1. Input filters on the SDA and SCL inputs suppress noise spikes of less than 50 ns. 2. I/O pins of Fast-mode and Fast-mode Plus devices must not obstruct the SDA and SCL lines if VDD is switched off. I²C Timing Figure 30: I²C Timing FS-mode+ Symbol Parameter Condition HS-mode CB=100pF HS-mode CB=400pF (5) Unit Min Max Min Max Min Max -- 1000 -- 3400 -- 1700 kHz fSCLK SCL clock Frequency tBUF Bus Free Time; time between STOP and START Condition 500 -- 500 -- 500 -- ns tHD;STA Hold Time; (Repeated) START Condition (1) 260 -- 160 -- 160 -- ns tLOW LOW Period of SCL Clock 500 -- 160 -- 320 -- ns tHIGH HIGH Period of SCL Clock 260 -- 60 -- 120 -- ns tSU;STA Setup Time for a Repeated START condition 260 -- 160 -- 160 -- ns tHD;DAT Data Hold Time (2) 0 450 0 70 0 150 ns tSU;DAT Data Setup Time (3) 50 -- 10 -- 10 -- ns 20+0.1Cb 120 -- -- -- -- ns tR Rise Time of SDA and SCL Signals AS5048A/AS5048B – 22 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] I²C Inter face FS-mode+ Symbol tF Parameter Condition Fall time of SDA and SCL signals HS-mode CB=100pF HS-mode CB=400pF (5) Unit Min Max Min Max Min Max 20+0.1Cb 120 (4) -- -- -- -- ns trCL Rise time of SCLH signal Ext. pull-up source of 3mA -- -- 10 40 20 80 ns trCL1 Rise time of SCLH Ext. pull-up signal after source of repeated START condition and after 3mA an acknowledge bit -- -- 10 80 20 160 ns tfCL Output rise time of SCLH signal Ext. pull-up source of 3mA -- -- 10 40 20 80 ns trDA Output rise time of SDAH signal -- -- 10 80 20 160 ns tfDA Output rise time of SDAH signal -- -- 10 80 20 160 ns tSU;STO Setup Time for STOP Condition 260 -- 160 -- 160 -- ns VnL Noise margin at LOW level 0.1VDDp -- 0.1VDDp -- 0.1VDDp -- V VnH Noise margin at HIGH level 0.2VDDp -- 0.2VDDp -- 0.2VDDp -- V Note(s) and/or Footnote(s): 1. After this time the first clock is generated. 2. A device must internally provide a minimum hold time (120ns / max 250ns for Fast-mode Plus, 80ns / max 150ns for High-speed mode) for the SDA signal (referred to the VIHmin of the SCL) to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge of SCL. 3. A fast-mode device can be used in standard-mode system, but the requirement tSU;DAT = 250ns must then e met. This is automatically the case if the device does not stretch the LOW period of the SCL signal. If such a device does stretch the LOW period of the SCL signal, it must output the next data bit to the SDA line t Rmax + TSU;DAT = 1000 + 250 = 1250ns before the SCL line is released. 4. In Fast-mode Plus, fall time is specified the same for both output stage and bus timing. If series resistors are used this has to be considered for bus timing. 5. For capacitive bus loads between 100pF and 400pF, the timing parameters must be linearly interpolated ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 23 I²C Inter face Register Table The following registers / functions are accessible over the serial I²C interface. Figure 31: Register Map I²C Address hex Name Access Type Bit Symbol Default Description 0 Programming control register. Programming must be enabled before burning the fuse(s). After programming is an verification mandatory. See programming procedure. Control OTP 7 Not used 6 Verify 5 Not used 4 x03 Programming Control R/W 3 Burn 2 Reserved 1 0 Programming Enable Programmable Customer Settings 7 : Not used n.a. 4 I²C address<4> internally inverted : : : 0 I²C address<0> 0 7 Zero Position <13> 0 : : : 0 Zero Position <6> 0 Not used n.a. 5 Zero Position <5> 0 : : : 0 Zero Position <0> 0 5 x15 x16 I²C slave address OTP Register Zero Position Hi R/W R/W + Program I²C slave address slave address consist of 5 bits (MSBs) and the hardware setting of Pins A1 and A2 I²C address <4> is the inversion defined as '1' Zero Position value high byte 7 6 x17 OTP Register Zero Position Low 6 LSBs AS5048A/AS5048B – 24 R/W + Program Zero Position remaining 6 lower LSB's ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] I²C Inter face Address hex Name Access Type Bit Symbol Default Description Readout Registers xFA Automatic Gain Control R 7 AGC value<7> 1 : : : 0 AGC value<0> 0 Not used n.a. 3 Comp High 0 2 Comp Low 0 1 COF 0 0 OCF 1 7 Magnitude<13> 0 : : : 0 Magnitude<6> 0 Not used n.a. 5 Magnitude<5> 0 : : : 0 Magnitude<0> 0 7 Angle<13> 0 : : : 0 Angle<6> 0 Not used n.a. 5 Angle<5> 0 : : : 0 Angle<0> 0 Automatic Gain Control value. 0 decimal represents high magnetic field 255 decimal represents low magnetic field 7 : 4 xFB Diagnostics xFC R R 7 Magnitude 6 xFD R xFE R 7 Angle 6 xFF ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] R Diagnostic flags Magnitude information afer ATAN calculation Angle Value afer ATAN calculation and zero position adder AS5048A/AS5048B – 25 I²C Inter face I²C Slave address Data Byte (n) Stop Slave Address A A 2 1 X X X X X X X X Slave Address Register Address X X X X X X X X Data Byte (n) LSB Start 1 0 0 0 0 ACK random write X X X X X X X X HW Pins R/W ACK OTP cotent (Default) A A 2 1 LSB Register Address LSB Slave Address 1 0 0 0 0 X X X X X X X X R/W ACK A A 2 1 ACK Stop Start 1 0 0 0 0 HW Pins ACK Start random read HW Pins R/W ACK OTP cotent (Default) ACK Figure 32: Slave Address Construction Note(s) and/or Footnote(s): 1. It's important to use a STOP condition only after a complete read or write sequence. The slave address consists of the hardware setting on pins A1, A2. The MSB of the slave address (yellow) is internally inverted. This means that by default the resulting data is ‘1’. A read of the I²C slave address register 21 will return a ‘0’ at the MSB. AS5048A/AS5048B – 26 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] PWM Inter face The AS5048 provides a pulse width modulated output (PWM), whose duty cycle is proportional to the measured angle. The PWM frequency is internally trimmed to an accuracy of ±10% over full temperature range. This tolerance can be cancelled by measuring the complete duty cycle. PWM Interface The PWM signal consists of different sections: • Init: 12 clocks → PWM = ‘high’ • Error_n: 4 clocks → PWM = ‘not(system_error)’ • Data: 4095 clocks → PWM = ‘angle_zero’ / ‘low’ (in case of error) • Exit: 8 clocks → PWM = ‘low’ In case of an error the data section is set to zero. Figure 33: PWM Format Init Error_n Data 4095 clocks Zero degree 16 clocks Exit 8 clocks Figure 34: PWM Period and resolution Parameter Symbol Value Unit PWM Frequency F_PWM 1 KHz PWM Pulse period T_PWM 4119 bit ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 27 Application Information Application Information Programming of the AS5048 Programming of the Zero Position: The absolute angle position can be permanent programmed over the interface. This could be useful for random placement of the magnet on the rotation axis. A readout at the mechanical zero position can be performed and written back into the IC. With permanent programming the position is non-reversible stored in the IC. This programming can be performed only once. To simplify the calculation of the zero position it is only needed to write the value in the IC which was read out before from the angle register. Programming Sequence with Verification: To program the zero position is needed to perform following sequence: 1. Write 0 into OTP zero position register to clear 2. Read angle information 3. Write previous read angle position into OTP zero position register Now the zero position is set. If you want to burn it to the OTP register send: 4. Set the Programming Enable bit in the OTP control register 5. Set the Burn bit to start the automatic programming procedure 6. Read angle information (equals to 0) 7. Set the Verify bit to load the OTP data again into the internal registers 8. Read angle information (equals to 0) The programming can either be performed in 5V operation using the internal LDO, or in 3V operation but using a minimum supply voltage of 3.3V. In case of 3V operation, also a 10μF capacitor is required on the VDD3 pin. Programming the I²C Slave address: For informations of programming the I²C Slave address please refer to our application note covering this topic. AS5048A/AS5048B – 28 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Application Information Diagnostic Functions of the AS5048 The AS5048 provides diagnostics functions of the IC and also diagnostic functions of the magnetic input field Following diagnostic flags are available: See Figure 22 register address x3FFD (AS5048A) or Figure 31 register address 251 dec (AS5048B) • OCF (Offset Compensation Finished), logic high indicates the finished Offset Compensation Algorithm. After power up the flag remains always to logic high. • COF (Cordic Overflow), logic high indicates an out of range error in the CORDIC part. When this bit is set, the angle and magnitude data is invalid. The absolute output maintains the last valid angular value. • COMP low, indicates a high magnetic field. It is recommended to monitor in addition the magnitude value. • COMP high, indicated a weak magnetic field. It is recommended to monitor the magnitude value. ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 29 Application Information Choosing the Proper Magnet The AS5048 works with a variety of different magnets in size and shape. A typical magnet could be 6-8 mm in diameter and ≥2.5mm in height The magnetic field strength perpendicular to the die surface has to be in the range of ±30mT … ±70mT (peak). The magnet’s field strength should be verified using a gauss-meter. The magnetic flux B Z at a given distance, along a concentric circle with a radius of 1.1mm (R1), should be in the range of ±30mT…±70mT. Figure 35: Typical Magnet and Magnetic Flux Distribution typ. 6-8mm diameter N S Magnet axis R1 Magnet axis Vertical field component N S R1 concentric circle; radius 1.1mm Vertical field component Bv (30…70mT) 0 AS5048A/AS5048B – 30 360 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Application Information Physical Placement of the Magnet The best linearity can be achieved by placing the center of the magnet exactly over the defined center of the chip as shown in the drawing below: Figure 36: Defined Chip Center and Magnet Displacement Radius 3.2 mm 3.2 mm 1 2.5 mm Defined center Rd 2.5 mm Area of recommended maximum magnet misalignment Magnet Placement The magnet’s center axis should be aligned within a displacement radius R d of 0.25 mm (larger magnets allow more displacement e.g. 0.5 mm) from the defined center of the IC. The magnet may be placed below or above the device. The distance should be chosen such that the magnetic field on the die surface is within the specified limits The typical distance “z” between the magnet and the package surface is 0.5mm to 2.5mm, provided the use of the recommended magnet material and dimensions (6mm x 3mm). Larger distances are possible, as long as the required magnetic field strength stays within the defined limits. However, a magnetic field outside the specified range may still produce usable results, but the out-of-range condition will be indicated by indication flags. Figure 37: Vertical Placement of the Magnet S N Package surface Die surface 0.2299±0.100 0.2341±0.100 0.7701±0.150 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 31 Pack age Drawings & Mark ings Package Drawings & Markings Package type: TSSOP14 Figure 38: Package Markings for AS5048A & AS5048B Figure 39: Package Code YYWWMZZ YY Last two digits of the year AS5048A/AS5048B – 32 WW Manufacturing week M Plant identifier ZZ Letters for free traceability ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Pa c k a g e D r a w i n g s & M a r k i n g s Figure 40: 14-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package TSSOP-14 Symbol Min Nom Max Symbol Min Nom Max A - - 1.20 R 0.09 - - A1 0.05 - 0.15 R1 0.09 - - A2 0.80 1.00 1.05 S 0.20 - - b 0.19 - 0.30 θ1 0º - 8º c 0.09 - 0.20 θ2 - 12 REF - D 4.90 5.00 5.10 θ3 - 12 REF - E - 6.40 BSC - aaa - 0.10 - E1 4.30 4.40 4.50 bbb - 0.10 - e - 0.65 BSC - ccc - 0.05 - L 0.45 0.60 0.75 ddd - 0.20 - L1 - 1.00 REF - N 14 Note(s) and/or Footnote(s): 1. Dimensioning & toleranceing confirm to ASME Y14.5M-1994. 2. All dimensions are in millimeters. Angles are in degrees. ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 33 Ordering & Contact Information Ordering & Contact Information The devices are available as standard products. Figure 41: Ordering Information Ordering Code Description Delivery Form Package AS5048A-HTSP 14 –Bit Programmable Magnetic Rotary Encoder with SPI-Interface Tape & Reel TSSOP 14 AS5048B-HTSP 14 –Bit Programmable Magnetic Rotary Encoder with I²C-Interface Tape & Reel TSSOP 14 Buy our products or get free samples online at: www.ams.com/ICdirect Technical Support is available at: www.ams.com/Technical-Support For further information and requests, e-mail us at: [email protected] For sales offices, distributors and representatives, please visit: www.ams.com/contact Headquarters ams AG Tobelbaderstrasse 30 8141 Unterpremstaetten Austria, Europe Tel: +43 (0) 3136 500 0 Website: www.ams.com AS5048A/AS5048B – 34 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] RoHS Compliant & ams Green Statement RoHS Compliant & ams Green Statement RoHS: The term RoHS compliant means that ams AG products fully comply with current RoHS directives. Our semiconductor products do not contain any chemicals for all 6 substance categories, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, RoHS compliant products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. ams Green (RoHS compliant and no Sb/Br): ams Green defines that in addition to RoHS compliance, our products are free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material). Important Information: The information provided in this statement represents ams AG knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. ams AG bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. ams AG has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. ams AG and ams AG suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 35 Copyrights & Disclaimer Copyrights & Disclaimer Copyright ams AG, Tobelbader Strasse 30, 8141 Unterpremstaetten, Austria-Europe. Trademarks Registered. All rights reserved. The material herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. Devices sold by ams AG are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its General Terms of Trade. ams AG makes no warranty, express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein. ams AG reserves the right to change specifications and prices at any time and without notice. Therefore, prior to designing this product into a system, it is necessary to check with ams AG for current information. This product is intended for use in commercial applications. Applications requiring extended temperature range, unusual environmental requirements, or high reliability applications, such as military, medical life-support or life-sustaining equipment are specifically not recommended without additional processing by ams AG for each application. This product is provided by ams AG “AS IS” and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed. ams AG shall not be liable to recipient or any third party for any damages, including but not limited to personal injury, property damage, loss of profits, loss of use, interruption of business or indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages, of any kind, in connection with or arising out of the furnishing, performance or use of the technical data herein. No obligation or liability to recipient or any third party shall arise or flow out of ams AG rendering of technical or other services. AS5048A/AS5048B – 36 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Document Status Document Status Document Status Product Preview Preliminary Datasheet Datasheet Datasheet (discontinued) Product Status Definition Pre-Development Information in this datasheet is based on product ideas in the planning phase of development. All specifications are design goals without any warranty and are subject to change without notice Pre-Production Information in this datasheet is based on products in the design, validation or qualification phase of development. The performance and parameters shown in this document are preliminary without any warranty and are subject to change without notice Production Information in this datasheet is based on products in ramp-up to full production or full production which conform to specifications in accordance with the terms of ams AG standard warranty as given in the General Terms of Trade Discontinued Information in this datasheet is based on products which conform to specifications in accordance with the terms of ams AG standard warranty as given in the General Terms of Trade, but these products have been superseded and should not be used for new designs ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] AS5048A/AS5048B – 37 Revision Information Revision Information Changes from 1-05 (2014-May-20) to current revision 1-06 (2014-Jun-05) Updated Figure 31 Page(1) 24 Note(s) and/or Footnote(s): 1. Page numbers for the previous version may differ from page numbers in the current revision AS5048A/AS5048B – 38 ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] Content Guide Content Guide ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06] 1 1 2 2 General Description Key Benefits & Features Applications Block Diagram 4 6 Pin Assignment Absolute Maximum Ratings 7 7 7 8 Electrical Characteristics Operating Conditions DC/AC Characteristics for Digital Inputs and Outputs Electrical System Specifications 9 Functional Description 10 10 10 10 12 13 13 13 14 14 15 15 Operation Supply Voltage Configuration SPI Interface SPI Interface Signals (4-Wire Mode, Wire_mode = 1) SPI Timing SPI Connection to the Host μC Single Slave Mode 3 Wire Mode (read only) Daisy Chain, 4 Wire SPI Communication Command Package Read Package (Value Read from AS5048A) Write Data Package (Value Written to AS5048A) 16 Register Description 18 18 18 19 20 SPI Interface Commands READ Command WRITE Command CLEAR ERROR FLAG Command NOP Command 21 21 22 24 26 I²C Interface I²C Electrical Specification I²C Timing Register Table I²C Slave address 27 PWM Interface AS5048A/AS5048B – 39 Content Guide AS5048A/AS5048B – 40 28 28 29 30 31 31 Application Information Programming of the AS5048 Diagnostic Functions of the AS5048 Choosing the Proper Magnet Physical Placement of the Magnet Magnet Placement 32 34 35 36 37 38 Package Drawings & Markings Ordering & Contact Information RoHS Compliant & ams Green Statement Copyrights & Disclaimer Document Status Revision Information ams Datasheet: 2014-Jun-05 [v1-06]