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OVERVIEW –
Inductive Proximity Sensors
CYLINDRICAL
Inductive Proximity Sensors
LIMIT STYLE
Inductive Proximity Sensors
Introduction ........................................4
Operation ............................................5
Introduction/Operation .......................8
Selection Guide, DC styles................12
Selection Guide, AC styles ................14
Product Specifications......................16
Introduction/Operation .....................68
Selection Guide.................................71
Product Specifications......................72
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BLOCK STYLE
Inductive Proximity Sensors
RING STYLE
Inductive Proximity Sensors
ACCESSORIES for
Inductive Proximity Sensors
Introduction/Operation .....................80
Selection Guide.................................82
Product Specifications......................84
Introduction/Operation .....................98
Selection Guide...............................100
Product Specifications....................102
Introduction ....................................113
Mounting Brackets .........................114
Cable Assemblies............................116
Switching Units...............................122
Motion Detectors............................128
OTHER INFORMATION
APPENDIX:
IP Codes .........................................132
NEMA requirements .......................133
Cross Reference .............................134
Glossary..........................................135
Conversion Charts ..........................137
INDEX .............................................138
TERMS & CONDITIONS .................141
WARRANTY....................................143
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All specifications subject to change without notice or obligation
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Introduction
The Inductive Proximity Sensor
(IPS) is a solid state device that
generates an output signal when
metal objects are either inside or
entering into its sensing area from
any direction. No physical contact
is required nor desired. IPS's work
best with ferrous metals, however,
they also work well with non-ferrous
metals (aluminum, brass, copper,
etc.) at reduced sensing distances,
see Figure 1.
Fig. 1
Rated Operating Distance Correction Factors
Target Material
Correction Factor
Mild Steel
1.0 x Sn
Nickel Chromium
0.9 x Sn
Stainless Steel
0.85 x Sn
Brass
0.5 x Sn
Aluminum
0.45 x Sn
Copper
0.40 x Sn
Other Factors
• Flat targets are preferable
• Targets larger than the sensing face
may increase the sensing distance
First introduced in the mid 60’s,
Inductive Proximity Sensors were
designed as an alternative to
mechanical limit switches for many
applications. Initially, IPS's were
made with housing similar in size
and dimension to the limit switch,
but had short sensing distances.
Following very good results with
these new devices, market pressure led to the development of larger sensors with increased sensing
distances.
Inductive Proximity Sensors have
no moving parts, operate very fast,
are extremely reliable, require no
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maintenance, and operate under
extreme environmental conditions.
They typically interface with
Programmable Logic Controllers
(PLC), process, and personal computers with appropriate hardware
and software. They also can control
relays, solenoids, valves, etc., up to
their maximum output current.
Altech Inductive Proximity Sensors
are manufactured by Pulsotronic in
Germany. Pulsotronic, a well known
European manufacturer, has been
designing and manufacturing IPS's
for over 30 years using state-of-theart technology and is an 1S0 9001
certified company. Altech is
Pulsotronic's North American marketing partner. Our Inductive
Proximity Sensors meet National
and International Standards and
carry the CE Mark. (See page 7 for
information on CE marking).
Altech offers 4 Inductive Proximity
Sensor families.
Cylindrical Inductive Proximity
Sensors represent the most popular device, and are available in
diameters from 4mm (.159 in.) to
30mm (1.18in.) and sensing distances up to 40mm (1.57in.).
Typically, Cylindrical models have
low sensing distances and are
used in applications requiring compact sizes that are easily mountable. Please refer to selection
guide on pages 12-14 for more
information.
Limit style (Versa-Prox) Inductive
Proximity Sensors are physically
larger than Cylindrical IPS's and
have sensing distances up to
40mm(1.59in.). These units feature
a unique 17 position rotating sensing head with snap and lock construction (no screws). Versa-Prox
IPS's are used to replace mechanical limit switches and for applica-
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tions where adjustment of the
sending head is desired. Please
refer to selection guide on page 71
for more information.
Block Inductive Proximity Sensors
feature models with adjustable
sensing distances up to 70mm
(2.78in.). The largest Block is 100 x
50 x 40 mm (3.9 x 2 x 1.6 in.). Block
sensors are used for applications
where maximum sensing distances
are required.
Please refer the selection guide on
pages 82-83 for more information.
Ring Inductive Proximity Sensors
are special devices that detect
metal objects passing through the
ring. Altech offers a wide range of
ring diameters from 12mm (.47in.)
to 300mm (11.91 in.). Our Ring
IPS's are available in normal and
high sensitivity models. Typical
application are in stamping operations and detection for unwanted
metals. Please refer the selection
guide on page 100-101 for more
information.
Altech/Pulsotronic Inductive
Proximity Sensors, (except Ring &
Flat-pack), offer a lifetime warranty
subject to completing the registration form (see page 143), and the
terms and conditions as specified
on page 141.
Note:We have attempted to make
this catalog as comprehensive
as possible. However, not shown
in this catalog are other Altech
Proximity Sensors which are
available. Details on request.
Altech Corp.® • 35 Royal Road • Flemington, NJ 08822-6000 • Phone (908) 806-9400 • Fax (908) 806-9490
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Operation
An Inductive Proximity Sensor consists of an oscillator, a ferrite core
with coil, a detector circuit, an output circuit, housing, and a cable or
connector, (see Figure 2). The
oscillator generates a sine wave of
a fixed frequency. This signal is
used to drive the coil. The coil in
conjunction with ferrite core
induces a electromagnetic field.
When the field lines are interrupted
by a metal object, the oscillator
voltage is reduced, proportional to
the size and distance of the object
from the coil. The reduction in the
oscillator voltage is caused by
eddy currents induced in the metal
interrupting the field lines. This
reduction in voltage of the oscillator
is detected by the detecting circuit.
In standard sensors, when the
oscillator voltage drops below a
present level, an output signal is
generated. In an Analog Proximity
Sensor, a pre-set level is not used.
The Analog sensor circuitry utilizes
the change of the oscillator output
voltage to generate a DC output
voltage proportional to the distance
the metal object is from the sensing
head.
OPERATING VOLTAGES
Most Altech Inductive Proximity
Sensors are available in DC (10-30
Fig. 2
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VDC), AC (90-250VAC), AC/DC
(20-250VAC/DC). Please refer to
each product specification page
for specific operating voltages.
OUTPUT CURRENT
Altech offers a range of IPS's with
different output ratings from 5mA to
500mA. Please refer to each product specification page for specific
output current.
OUTPUT CONFIGURATION
Outputs may be Normally Open
(NO) or Normally Closed (NC).
Some models feature both a normally open (NO) and normally
closed (NC) output which is called
a complementary output.
Limit style Versa-Prox sensors feature a programmable Normally
Open (NO) and Normally Closed
(NC) output.
DC Inductive Proximity Sensors
may be 2-wire, 3-wire or 4-wire.
A 3 -wire or 4-wire DC sensor can
be an NPN or PNP output transistor. If the output load is connected
to the negative power source then
a sensor with a PNP output transistor is required. A PNP sensor is
also known as a source sensor. If
the output load is connected to the
positive power source, then a sensor with an NPN output transistor is
required. An NPN sensor is also
known as a sink sensor.
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Please see Figure 3 for PNP and
NPN electronic output circuits.
AC Inductive Proximity Sensors are
2-wire devices, except when using a
sensor with a metal housing where a
third wire is available for connection
to system ground.
HOUSING MATERIALS
Altech Inductive Proximity Sensors
use a variety of metal and nonmetallic housing materials. Please
refer to each product specification
for specific information on housing
materials, and page 136 of this
catalog.
CONNECTIONS
Altech offers Inductive Proximity
Sensors that feature either 2 meter
fixed PVC cable or a variety of
quick disconnects. All quick disconnect models require an optional
matching cable assembly. Custom
cable lengths and material choices
are also available. For more information, please refer to each product specification or the cable
assemblies section on pages 116121.
FLUSH MOUNT AND
NON-FLUSH MOUNT
Flush Mount sensors are sometimes called Shielded or
Embeddable. A metal band surrounds the sensing head which
contains a coil wound around a ferrite core as in Figure 4.
SENSOR CONFIGURATION
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OTHER CONSIDERATIONS:
Fig. 3
ELECTRONIC OUTPUT
CIRCUITS
PNP TRANSISTOR
LOAD
NPN TRANSISTOR
LOAD
Fig. 4
SENSOR ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
Flush Installation
Screen
Metal
Band
Ferrite
SENSORS IN SERIES AND
PARALLEL
Sensors may be wired in series or
parallel. Please contact Altech for
more information.
PROTECTION (Electrical)
Most of the Inductive Proximity
Sensors Altech offers have short
circuit, overload, reverse polarity,
and wire break protection. Please
refer to the Technical Glossary
pages 135-136, and the product
specification for more information.
PROTECTION (Sensor Housing)
All Altech sensors are rated in
accordance with IEC Publication
529 which describes degrees of
protection that enclosures or sensor housings are designed to provide, the degree of protection is
indicated by two letters (IP) and
two numerals, for additional information see the product specification and pages 132-133.
Non-Flush Installation
All Inductive sensors meet the following shock and vibration requirements: 30g’s/11ms, and
10-55 Hz/mm.
Ferrite
The resulting electromagnetic field
is directed in front of the sensor
face. Flush sensors have a narrow
sensing field which may be desirable in certain applications.
In a Non-Flush (Non-shielded or
Non-embeddable) sensor, (Figure
4), there is no metal band and the
resulting electromagnetic field lines
are much wider than the sensor
face. Non-Flush sensors have a
larger sensing distance than Flush
sensors.
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SENSING DISTANCE
There are several sensing distance
definitions used in industry. The
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nominal sensing distance (Sn), is
the conventional quantity to designate the operational distance, it is
specified in the ordering pages,
and does not include variations in
production tolerances, supply voltage tolerances, and ambient temperature tolerances.
A standard target used to specify
sensing distance is a square piece
of mild steel having a thickness of
1mm (0.04 in.). The sides of the
square are equal to the diameter of
the circle inscribed on the sensor
face or three times the rated operating distance Sn, whichever is
greater.
The assured operation distance (Sa)
is the smallest useful sensing distance which guarantees operation
under variations in temperature,
voltage and manufacture. It is
given as 81% of Sn. See Figure 5.
0<Sa<.81 Sn.
The effective sensing distance (Sr),
is measured at nominal supply voltage and nominal ambient temperature and takes into account manufacturing tolerances:
0.9 Sn≤Sr≤ 1.1 Sn
The usable sensing distance, (Su),
takes into account temperature,
voltage variations and manufacturing tolerances:
.81 Sn≤ Su ≥ 1.21 Sn
Fig. 5
SENSING DISTANCE DEFINITIONS
Sr – MNFG. TOLERANCES
ACTIVE FACE
ASSURED
OPERATING
RANGE
0.9 Sn ≤ Sr ≤ 1.1 Sn
TARGET
Sn
REFERENCE AXIS
Sa
.81 Sn ≤ Su ≤ 1.21 Sn
Su includes temperature, voltage & Mnfg. tolerances
Altech Corp.® • 35 Royal Road • Flemington, NJ 08822-6000 • Phone (908) 806-9400 • Fax (908) 806-9490
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HYSTERESIS
Hysteresis is the switch-on point
when the object approaches the
sensor's active surface, and switchoff point, when the object is moving
away from the sensor's active surface. Without sufficient Hysteresis,
an Inductive Proximity Sensor
would chatter (continuously switching on and off), so it is designed
into the sensor circuitry. The differential travel (Hysteresis) is given as
a percent of the expected rated
operating distance Sr.
(See Figure 6).
Fig. 6
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SWITCHING
FREQUENCY
Motion
Direction
HYSTERESIS
Motion Direction
Target
Switch Off Point
When Leaving
Hysteresis
Switch On Point
When Approaching
Operating
Clearance
Proximity
Sensor
MAXIMUM SWITCHING
FREQUENCY
The switching frequency indicates
the maximum number of switching
operations of a sensor per second.
The value listed in the product
specifications is achieved with the
conditions shown in Figure 7. The
value is always dependent on target size, distance from sensing
face and speed of target. Using a
smaller target or space may result
in a reduction of a specific sensor
maximum switching frequency.
ACCESSORIES
Altech offers a full range of accessory products including quick disconnect cable assemblies, mounting clamps and brackets, liquid
tight strain reliefs, amplifiers,
switching units, etc. Please refer to
each product specification and the
accessory chapter starting on
page 113.
and European Economic Area
(EEA). Products manufactured in
the USA that are exported to the
EU and EEA should have the CE
marking and utilize components
also having the CE marking.
CE MARK
GENERAL INFORMATION
The CE Mark is a compliance symbol, which means that the product
meets the standards set by the
European Committee for
Electrotechnical Standardization
(CENELEC), and the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
Products containing the CE mark
are allowed to have free movement
within the European Union (EU),
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