VISHAY I N T E R T E C H N O L O G Y , I N C . INTERACTIVE data book surge suppressor capacitors vishay ESTA vse-db0104-0806 Notes: 1. To navigate: a) Click on the Vishay logo on any datasheet to go to the Contents page for that section. Click on the Vishay logo on any Contents page to go to the main Table of Contents page. b) Click on the products within the Table of Contents to go directly to the datasheet. c) Use the scroll or page up/page down functions. d) Use the Adobe ® Acrobat ® page function in the browser bar. 2. To search the text of the catalog use the Adobe ® Acrobat ® search function. One of the World’s Largest Manufacturers of Discrete Semiconductors and Passive Components V I S H AY I N T E R T E C H N O L O G Y, I N C . 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Table of Contents Vishay ESTA Surge Suppressor Capacitors DESCRIPTION Applications........................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Construction ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Standard Specifications ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Current-Carrying Capacity ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Technical Data ................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Capacitance Values to VDE 0675...................................................................................................................................... 2 Mode of Operation ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 Protection against Power-Frequency Voltages Transferred Capacitively .......................................................................... 4 Connection ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 SINGLE PHASE TYPES ................................................................................................................................................. 6 THREE PHASE TYPES ................................................................................................................................................... 10 ZINC OXIDE RC-SURGE SUPRESSOR (ZORC) FOR HV-MOTOR AND TRANSFORMERS M-TYPE AND PANEL MOUNTING P-TYPE............................................................................. 12 ZORC - TECHNICAL DATA ........................................................................................................................................... 13 Revision: 20-May-08 www.vishay.com 1 Description Vishay ESTA APPLICATIONS CURRENT-CARRYING CAPACITY RC surge suppressors are designed to protect the windings of electrical machines and transformers against steep fronted and high voltage impulses which occur as a result of atmospheric discharges. To reduce power-frequency voltages which are transferred capacitively to the secondary or tertiary side of the transformers in the event of an earth fault occuring on the primary side. RC surge suppressors installed in systems with an insulated neutral or earthed through arc-suppressions coils and in systems with a rigidly earthed neutral can be loaded continuously at 120 % rated voltage and used at frequencies of up to 60 Hz. All the surge suppressors meet the insulation requirements for equipment rated at 1 kV and above (VDE 0111/12.66). TECHNICAL DATA CONSTRUCTION The RC surge suppressors can have either indoor or outdoor bushings. Their active parts are flat-type winding elements with two electrodes which are insulated from each other. The winding elements are incorporated into the capacitor casing. Both air and moisture are extracted under vacuum and at high temperature and all cavities are filled with an impregnant. The capacitor casings are either of aluminum or of stainless steel and are given two coatings of paint. Capacitors for rated voltages of up to 24 kV form the basic units. Those for 7.2 kV have two bushings. Capacitors for 12 kV and above have one bushing and the second pole is connected to the casing. Capacitors to be used in systems with voltage higher than 24 kV are mounted on base insulators, with a maximum of two capacitors connected in series on the same insulator. Dielectric All film polypropylene Impregnant Non PCB Rated voltage 7.2 kV to 36 kV Rated capacitance 0.05 µF to 0.8 µF Temperature class - 25 °C to + 50 °C Installation Indoor or outdoor CAPACITANCE VALUES TO VDE 0675 UN kV 7.2 12 17.5 24 36 CN µF 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.15 Other values of capacitance, voltage or temperature class are available upon request. MODE OF OPERATION STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS Protection Against Steep-Fronted Voltage Impulses The capacitors are designed and tested related to VDE 0560, Part 3. The rated voltage UN of capacitors to be connected between phases and earth are given in the same specifications. Electrical machines connected to overhead lines without cables or transformers being interposed should be protected by capacitors (VDE 0675 - Guidelines for Surge Suppression Equipment). These surge suppressors are connected inter-turn faults. Because of their energy storing capability, surge suppressors reduce the front steepness of voltage impulses (see Fig. 1). This flattering effect also avoids any damaging impulse reflections on the equipment connected. Moreover, the magnitude of the overvoltage is also reduced since the impulse entering the winding has a finite ‘virtual time to half value on the tail’. In systems with an insulated neutral or earthed through arc-suppression coils, the rated voltage is UN1 equal to phase-to-phase voltage Ur, whereas in systems with an effectively earthed neutral, the rated voltage UN2 is equal to Ur/√3. According to VDE 0111, paragraph 6, a system is effectively earthed if, in the event of a simple earth fault, the voltage of the healthy phases cannot exceed 80 % of the system (phase-to-phase) voltage. Not all the transformer neutral points of the system need to be earthed to achieve this. In cases of doubt, it is recommended to choose capacitors whose rated voltage is equal to the system voltage. www.vishay.com 2 The capacitances stated in the above table have been calculated so that the front steepness of voltage impulse entering the winding is reduced to a maximum of 10 % winding test voltage per µs. For technical questions, contact: [email protected] Document Number: 13150 Revision: 10-Jun-08 Description Vishay ESTA This value is based on the assumption that the original front steepness of the impulse is very great and that voltage peaks are in the range of more than 50 % flashover voltage impulse for the overhead line insulators. The voltage across the surge suppressor and the time until - because of the flattering effect - the voltage becomes a maximum at the terminal can be seen from Fig. 2. Both the voltage and time apply to an impulse with a very steep front and a tail which decreases as an exponential function. The charts are based on the expression given below. TC = C x Z TC = Time constant of particulat system section where C = Capacitance of the protective capacitor Z = Surge impedance of the overhead line (500 Ω approx.) u 2 t t ------t- = -------------------------- × e – ⎛ --------------- – -------⎞ ⎝T – e T ⎠ ˆ 1 – TC ⁄ T0 U 0 C 0 where ut = Voltage curve on a base at the line terminal T0 = 1.44 x Tr where T0 = Time constant of the exponential decrease of the incoming impulse tm TC 2 ----- = -------------------------- × ln -----1 – TC ⁄ T0 T0 T0 where tm = Time until voltage ut becomes a maximum at the line terminal Tr = Virtual time to half value on the incoming impulses (60 µs approx.) t U0 = Û0 x e - t/TO where 5 2 1 U0 = Incoming impulse on base of time 0.5 Û0 = Peak value of incoming impulse 0.2 T = Time in s ut Û0 tm T0 0.1 0.05 U0 0.02 G 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.2 ut C = 0.3 µF U0 U0 2 Û0 Û0 Û0 1 1 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 TR T0 1 2 5 10 20 2 3 t T0 50 100 TC T0 Fig. 2 - Reduction of voltage impulse by a protective capacitor at a line terminal U0 0 0.5 3~ z = 500 Ω 0 1 tm T0 2 3 4 t T0 0 1 2 3 t T0 Fig. 1 Document Number: 13150 Revision: 10-Jun-08 For technical questions, contact: [email protected] www.vishay.com 3 Description Vishay ESTA Surge arresters used in conjunction with surge suppressor capacitors operates at a lower instantaneous value of the voltage than without such capacitors. This is because of the reduced front steepness of the impulse and the consequently lessened effect of ‘delayed ignition’. The obvious advantage is that the machine windings, which in most cases have weaker insulation than overhead lines, are better protected. The machine arresters must, therefore, be designed for lower impulse and power-frequency sparkover voltages than the usual arresters. On the other hand, since they are now likely to operate in the event of internal overvoltages as well, they must have a correspondingly higher discharge capacity. In case of electrical equipment connected to overhead lines through cables, the capacitance of the surge suppressor capacitance can be reduced by roughly the amount corresponding to the operating of the cables. The inductance’s and capacitance’s of the machines or transformers connected have little influence on the size of the protective capacitance’s required, and inquires need therefore only be made if he zone ahead of the equipment to be protected is subject to special conditions. EXAMPLE Reduction of the voltage impulse on an overhead line by a surge protection capacitor. Surge impedance Z of the overhead line: 500 Ω Capacitance C of the protective capacitors: 0.3 µF Time constant TC = C x Z = 0.3 x 500 = 150 µs Virtual time to half value on the tail, Tr, of the incoming impulse: 50 µs Thus: T0 = 1.44 x Tr = 1.44 x 50 = 72 µs In the case of unloaded generator transformer with a high transformation ratio (e.g. 110 kV on the higher voltage side), unduly high power-frequency voltages may be transferred capacitively to the lower-voltage side (U2C) if an earth fault occurs on the higher-voltage side. For a single-phase earth fault, this can be expressed at follows: C1 U 2C = -------------------- U0 C1 + C2 C1 U0 C2 Trafo U2 Fig. 3 U0 = Voltage to earth on the higher voltages side C1 = Capacitance between higher and lower windings of one transformer phase (1 nF to 10 nF) C2 = Resulting capacitance of a lower voltage phase including that of the transformer lower-side to earth (1 nF to 10 nF), the capacitance of the protective capacitor and possibly that of a cable connecting the transformer with the generator and also the capacitance of the latter In systems operated with a free neutral or earthed through an arc-suppression coil, the voltage to earth is equal to the phase-neutral voltage, i.e. U0 = UY ût/Û0 = 0.5 and tm/T0 = 1.4 Whereas in rigidly earthed systems and under the most favourable conditions: ût = Voltage curve on a base at the line terminal It can thus be seen that an incoming impulse with at peak (Û0) of 1000 kV and a virtual time on half value on the tail (Tr) of 50 µs is reduced to a peak (Ût) of 500 kV by the capacitor. Moreover, the voltage impulse ut at the terminal does not attain its maximum until time Tm = 1.4 x 72 = 100 µs. This shows that the steepness of the incoming impulse has been reduced considerably. www.vishay.com 4 C TC/T0 = 150/72 = 2.08 From the chart: where PROTECTION AGAINST POWER-FREQUENCY VOLTAGES TRANSFERRED CAPACITIVELY 2 U 0 = --- U Y 3 Moreover, the lower-side systems voltage U2b is superimposed on C2C. The maximum phase-to-earth voltage U2' can thus be expressed as follows: For technical questions, contact: [email protected] U 2b U 2 ′ ~ U 2C ′ + --------3 Document Number: 13150 Revision: 10-Jun-08 Description Vishay ESTA Capacitors of low rating. E.g. of 0.075 µF and 0.15 µF, are best used for reducing power-frequency voltages transferred capacitively. It does not matter if their capacitance’s are higher than those calculated since the protection afforded by these capacitors is higher because of their greater energy storing capability. CONNECTION The surge suppressor capacitors be connected at the shortest possible distance from the equipment to be protected. 500 m G 3~ AL C AM Fig. 4 - Surge suppression scheme for a generator which feeds an overhead line direct C = Surge suppressor AL = Surge arrester on the overhead line AM = Generator arrester G 3~ AST AM C Fig. 5 - Surge suppression scheme for a generator which feeds an overhead line through a transformer. Capacitors afford protection against powerfrequency voltages transferred capacitively. AST = Station arrester Document Number: 13150 Revision: 10-Jun-08 For technical questions, contact: [email protected] www.vishay.com 5 Technical Data Vishay ESTA Single Phase Type SURGE SUPPRESSOR TYPE UN kV CN µF Phaso 12/0.1 µF 0.1 Phaso 12/0.15 µF 0.15 Phaso 12/0.2 µF 0.2 Phaso 12/0.25 µF 12 0.25 Phaso 12/0.3 µF 0.3 Phaso 12/0.4 µF 0.4 Phaso 12/0.5 µF 0.5 Phafso 17.5/0.1 µF 0.1 Phafso 17.5/0.15 µF 0.15 UE IMPULSE kV/1 min kVP DRAWING 220 40 28 75 345 110 321 75 40 405 220 40 Phafso 17.5/0.2 µF Phafso 17.5/0.25 µF 0.2 17.5 0.25 38 95 345 Phafso 17.5/0.3 µF 0.3 Phafso 17.5/0.4 µF 0.4 Phafso 17.5/0.5 µF 0.5 110 321 75 40 Dimensions are depending on the losses of the capacitor. www.vishay.com 6 For technical questions, contact: [email protected] Document Number: 13152 Revision: 10-Jun-08 Technical Data Single Phase Type Vishay ESTA SURGE SUPPRESSOR TYPE UN kV CN µF Phafso 24/0.1 µF 0.1 Phafso 24/0.15 µF 0.15 UE IMPULSE kV/1 min kVP DRAWING 220 40 Phafso 24/0.2 µF Phafso 24/0.25 µF 0.2 24 0.25 50 125 345 Phafso 24/0.3 µF 0.3 Phafso 24/0.4 µF 0.4 Phafso 24/0.5 µF 0.5 US/36/0.1 µF 0.1 110 321 40 75 415 405 220 M12 US/36/0.15 µF 0.15 305 US/36/0.2 µF 36 0.2 70 170 345 40 40 US/36/0.25 µF 0.25 475 M12 US/36/0.3 µF 4 x Ø 18 0.3 200 160 Dimensions are depending on the losses of the capacitor. Document Number: 13152 Revision: 10-Jun-08 For technical questions, contact: [email protected] www.vishay.com 7 Technical Data Single Phase Type Vishay ESTA RC-SURGE SUPPRESSOR TYPE UN kV CN µF Phaso 12/0.1 µF/... 0.1 Phaso 12/0.15 µF/... 0.15 Phaso 12/0.2 µF/... 0.2 Phaso 12/0.25 µF/... 12 0.25 Phaso 12/0.3 µF/... 0.3 Phaso 12/0.4 µF/... 0.4 Phaso 12/0.5 µF/... 0.5 Phafso 17.5/0.1 µF/... 0.1 Phafso 17.5/0.15 µF/... 0.15 UE IMPULSE kV/1 min kVP R Ω DRAWING 220 40 28 75 10 to 50 345 110 321 75 40 405 220 40 Phafso 17.5/0.2 µF/... Phafso 17.5/0.25 µF/... 0.2 17.5 0.25 38 95 10 to 50 345 Phafso 17.5/0.3 µF/... 0.3 Phafso 17.5/0.4 µF/... 0.4 Phafso 17.5/0.5 µF/... 0.5 110 321 75 40 Dimensions are depending on the losses of the capacitor. Earth fault protection (T < 1 min) www.vishay.com 8 For technical questions, contact: [email protected] Document Number: 13152 Revision: 10-Jun-08 Technical Data Single Phase Type Vishay ESTA RC-SURGE SUPPRESSOR WITH BUILT IN DAMPING RESISTOR TYPE UN kV CN µF Phafso 24/0.1 µF/... 0.1 Phafso 24/0.15 µF/... 0.15 UE IMPULSE kV/1 min kVP R Ω DRAWING 220 40 Phafso 24/0.2 µF/... Phafso 24/0.25 µF/... 0.2 24 0.25 50 125 10 to 50 345 Phafso 24/0.3 µF/... 0.3 Phafso 24/0.4 µF/... 0.4 Phafso 24/0.5 µF/... 0.5 RC/36/0.1 µF/... 0.1 110 321 75 415 40 405 220 M12 RC/36/0.15 µF/... 0.15 305 RC/36/0.2 µF/... 36 0.2 70 170 10 to 50 345 40 40 RC/36/0.25 µF/... 0.25 475 M12 RC/36/0.3 µF/... 4 x Ø 18 0.3 200 160 Surge supressor 36 kV consists of: 2 x capacitors unit connected in series 1 x mounting plate 1 x post insulator 36 kV (70 kV/200 kVP) Dimensions are depending on the losses of the capacitor. Earth fault protection (T < 1 min) Document Number: 13152 Revision: 10-Jun-08 For technical questions, contact: [email protected] www.vishay.com 9 Technical Data Vishay ESTA Three Phase Type SURGE SUPPRESSOR TYPE UN kV Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.25 µF CN µF UE IMPULSE kV/1 min kVP DRAWING 3 x 0.25 123 123 Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.3 µF 3 x 0.3 Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.4 µF 3 x 0.4 25 55 7.2 20 Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.5 µF 3 x 0.5 Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.6 µF 3 x 0.6 60 345 135 321 40 75 Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.8 µF 3 x 0.8 Phaso 12/3 x 0.1 µF 3 x 0.1 Phaso 12/3 x 0.15 µF 3 x 0.15 Phaso 12/3 x 0.2 µF 3 x 0.2 160 160 55 25 Phaso 12/3 x 0.25 µF 12 3 x 0.25 28 75 450 Phaso 12/3 x 0.3 µF 3 x 0.3 Phaso 12/3 x 0.4 µF 3 x 0.4 Phaso 12/3 x 0.5 µF 3 x 0.5 110 426 75 40 Dimensions are depending on the losses of the capacitor. www.vishay.com 10 For technical questions, contact: [email protected] Document Number: 13153 Revision: 10-Jun-08 Technical Data Three Phase Type Vishay ESTA RC SURGE SUPPRESSOR WITH BUILT IN DAMPING RESISTOR TYPE UN kV Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.25 µF/... CN µF UE IMPULSE kV/1 min kVP R Ω DRAWING 3 x 0.25 123 123 Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.3 µF/... 3 x 0.3 Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.4 µF/... 3 x 0.4 25 55 7.2 20 Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.5 µF/... 3 x 0.5 Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.6 µF/... 3 x 0.6 60 10 to 50 345 135 321 40 75 Phaso 7.2/3 x 0.8 µF/... 3 x 0.8 Phaso 12/3 x 0.1 µF/... 3 x 0.1 Phaso 12/3 x 0.15 µF/... 3 x 0.15 Phaso 12/3 x 0.2 µF/... 3 x 0.2 160 160 55 25 Phaso 12/3 x 0.25 µF/... 12 3 x 0.25 28 75 10 to 50 450 Phaso 12/3 x 0.3 µF/... 3 x 0.3 Phaso 12/3 x 0.4 µF/... 3 x 0.4 Phaso 12/3 x 0.5 µF/... 3 x 0.5 110 426 75 40 Dimensions are depending on the losses of the capacitor. Earth fault protection (T < 1 min) Document Number: 13153 Revision: 10-Jun-08 For technical questions, contact: [email protected] www.vishay.com 11 ZORC Description Vishay ESTA Zinc Oxide RC-Surge Suppressor (ZORC) for HV-Motor and Transformers M-Type and Panel Mounting P-Type DESCRIPTION APPLICATION ZORC’s are RC surge suppressors with included varistors. The technology for the design of the ZORC’s is the same as for all other capacitors in this catalogue. ZORC’s are optimised to be mounted inside the motor or transformer terminal boxes to be connected to each phase and earth. ZORC’s will protect transformers and motors from insulation failures. As all surge transients will be removed at source by the ZORC’s. The lifetime of transformers and motors will be increased for many years. ZORC’s will protect vacuum and other switchgears. ZORC’s connection diagrams in HV motor circuits: M ZORC’s will be inside the curves defined by IEEE and CIRGRe for motor impulse withstand levels. To reach a comprehensive insulation coordination, independent what switching device or switching curve is used (air, vacuum, gas or oil). ZORC’s help to reduce costs of down time losses of transformers and motors and for replacements. ZORC’s will reduce significant the expenses for maintenance and insulation failures of motors and transformers, which user accept as normal. Fig. 1 - ZORC type M connected to motor terminals ZORC’s will eliminate connected with vacuum and other switchgears, all multiple striking (re- and pre-) transients. M So ZORC’s prevents high frequency currents at zero in the contact gap of the switch. Fig. 2 - ZORC type P connected in switchgear panel www.vishay.com 12 For technical questions, contact: [email protected] Document Number: 13151 Revision: 30-May-08 Technical Data Vishay ESTA ZORC TYPE UN kV Zoaso 3.3/0.1 µF/M 3.3 CN µF PH DIMENSION mm DRAWING M10 600 0.1 1 22 22 116 28 40 116 x 72 x 155 177 155 Zoaso 6.6/0.1 µF/M 72 Nm 6.6 68 123 123 Zoaso 3.3/3 x 0.2 µF/P 159 3.3 3 x 0.2 3 345 x 135 x 220 55 382 Zoaso 3.3/3 x 0.2 µF/M 80 220 Zoaso 6.6/3 x 0.2 µF/P 6.6 Zoaso 6.6/3 x 0.2 µF/M 345 170 135 3 170 159 Zoaso 11/3 x 0.2 µF/P 3 80 450 x 110 x 240 55 402 3 x 0.2 240 11 Zoaso 11/3 x 0.2 µF/M 450 110 3 Application: M = Motor P = Panel Document Number: 13154 Revision: 10-Jun-08 For technical questions, contact: [email protected] www.vishay.com 13 Notes Vishay ESTA www.vishay.com 14 Online Information For product information and a current list of sales offices, representatives and distributors, visit our website: Worldwide Sales Contacts www.vishay.com The Americas EUROPE United States Germany Vishay Americas One Greenwich Place Shelton, CT 06484 United States Ph: +1-402-563-6866 Fax: +1-402-563-6296 Vishay EUROPE SALES GmbH Geheimrat-Rosenthal-Str. 100 95100 Selb Germany Ph: +49-9287-71-0 Fax: +49-9287-70435 Asia France Singapore Vishay S.A. 199, BLVD DE LA MADELEINE 06003 NICE, CEDEX 1 France Ph: +33-4-9337-2920 Fax: +33-4-9337-2997 Vishay intertechnology Asia Pte Ltd. 25 Tampines Street 92 Keppel Building #02-00 Singapore 528877 Ph: +65-6788-6668 Fax: +65-6788-0988 P.R. China Vishay Trading (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. 15D, SUN TONG INFOPORT PLAZA 55 HUAI HAI WEST ROAD SHANGHAI 200030 P.R. China PH: +86-21-5258-5000 FAX: +86-21-5258-7979 UNITED KINGDOM VISHAY LTD. PALLION INDUSTRIAL ESTATE SUNDERLAND SR4 6SU UNITED KINGDOM PH: +44-191-514-4155 FAX: +44-191-567-8262 Japan vishay japan CO., LTD. MG Ikenohata Bldg. 4F 1-2-18, Ikenohata Taito-ku Tokyo 110-0008 Japan Ph: +81-3-5832-6210 fax: +81-3-5832-6260 One of the World’s Largest Manufacturers of Discrete Semiconductors and Passive Components S u rge s u ppressor capacitors One of the World’s Largest Manufacturers of Discrete Semiconductors and Passive Components D ata B ook World Headquarters Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. 63 Lancaster Avenue Malvern, PA 19355-2143 United States © Copyright 2008 Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. ® Registered trademarks of Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in Germany. Specifications subject to change without notice. w w w. v i s h a y. c o m VSE-DB0104-0806