R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent Interconnect and Timer Mode Product Specification General Description The RE46C146 is low power CMOS photoelectric type smoke detector IC. With minimal external components this circuit will provide all the required features for a photoelectric type smoke detector. The design incorporates a gain selectable photo amplifier for use with an infrared emitter/detector pair. An internal oscillator strobes power to the smoke detection circuitry for 100us every 10 seconds to keep standby current to a minimum. If smoke is sensed the detection rate is increased to verify an alarm condition. A high gain mode is available for push button chamber testing. • • • • • • • • • • • Internal Power On Reset Low Quiescent Current Consumption Available in 16L PDIP or 16L N SOIC ESD Protection on all Pins Interconnect up to 40 Detectors 10 Minute Timer for Sensitivity Control Temporal Horn Pattern for Smoke and CO Internal Low Battery and Chamber Test Compatible with Allegro A5366 Alternate Diagnostic Mode Available in Standard Packaging or RoHS Compliant Pb Free Packaging Pin Configuration In the diagnostic mode the photo amplifier output is available on pin 15 for production calibration of the photo chamber. A check for a low battery condition and chamber integrity is performed every 43 seconds when in standby. The temporal horn pattern for a smoke alarm condition supports the NFPA 72 emergency evacuation signal. An interconnect pin allows multiple detectors to be connected such that when one units alarms, all units will sound. The interconnect is compatible with certain types of CO interconnect signaling and when recognized will sound the temporal pattern for a carbon monoxide alarm. An internal 10 minute timer can be used for a reduced sensitivity mode. C1 1 16 TEST C2 2 15 VSEN 3 14 VSS STROBE 4 13 ROSC VDD 5 12 COSC IRED 6 11 LED IO 7 10 FEED HORNB 8 9 DETECT HORNS Utilizing low power CMOS technology the RE46C146 was designed for use in smoke detectors that comply with Underwriters Laboratory Specification UL217 and UL268. Features ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PARAMETER Supply Voltage Input Voltage Range Except FEED, IO FEED Input Voltage Range IO Input Voltage Range Input Current except FEED Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Maximum Junction Temperature © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. SYMBOL VDD Vin Vinfd Vio1 Iin TA TSTG TJ VALUE 12.5 -.3 to Vdd +.3 -10 to +22 -.3 to 17 10 -25 to 75 -55 to 125 150 UNITS V V V V mA °C °C °C DS22176A-page 1 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation at these conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. This product utilizes CMOS technology with static protection; however proper ESD prevention procedures should be used when handling this product. Damage can occur when exposed to extremely high static electrical charge. DC Electrical Characteristics at TA = -25° to 75°C, VDD=9V, Typical Application (unless otherwise noted) Parameter Supply Voltage Supply Current Input Voltage High Input Voltage Low Input Leakage Low Input Leakage High Input Pull Down Current Output Leakage Current Low Output Leakage Current High Symbol Test Pin VDD 5 IDD1 5 IDD2 5 IDD3 5 IDD4 5 VIH1 Limits Typ Max Test Conditions Min 6 10 Operating Configured as in Figure 2, COSC=VSS Configured as in Figure 2, VDD=12V, COSC=VSS Configured as in Figure 2, STROBE on, IRED off, VDD=12V Configured as in Figure 2, STROBE on, IRED on, VDD=12V FEED 6.2 VIH2 7 No Local Alarm, IO as an Input 3.2 V VIH3 15 VSEN 1.6 V VIH4 16 TEST 8.5 V VIL1 10 FEED VIL2 7 No Local Alarm, IO as an Input 1.5 V VIL3 15 VSEN .5 V VIL4 16 7 V IIL1 1,2,3 -100 nA IIL2 12 TEST VDD=12V, COSC=12V, STROBE active VDD=12V, Vin=VSS -100 nA IIL3 15,16 VDD=12V, Vin=VSS -1 uA ILFD 10 -50 uA IIH1 1,2 100 nA IIH2 3,12 FEED=-10V VDD=12V, Vin=VDD, STROBE active VDD=12V, Vin=VDD 100 nA IHFD 10 FEED=22V 50 uA IPD1 16 Vin=VDD 10 uA V 4 6 uA 5.5 8 uA 2 mA 3 mA 4.5 .25 IPD2 15 Vin=VDD .1 7 Vin=VDD 20 IPDIO2 7 Vin=17V, VDD=12 IOZL1 11,13 IOZH1 11,13 © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. 12 4.5 IPDIO1 Units .25 V 2.7 V .5 uA 80 uA 140 uA Output Off, Output=VSS -1 uA Output Off, Output=VDD 1 uA DS22176A-page 2 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. DC Electrical Characteristics (continued) at TA= -25° to 75°, VDD=9V, Typical Application (unless otherwise noted) Parameter Output Voltage Low Symbol Test Pin VOL1 8,9 Iol=16mA, VDD=6.5V VOL2 13 Iol=5mA, VDD=6.5V Test Conditions Min 1 .5 VOL3 11 Iol=10mA, VDD=6.5V Output Voltage High VOh1 8,9 Iol=-16mA, VDD=6.5V 5.5 Output Current IIOH1 7 -4 IIODMP 7 Alarm, Vio=Vdd-2V or Vio=0V At Conclusion of Local Alarm or Test, Vio=1V VLB 5 VSTOF 4 VSTON 4 VIREDOF 6 VIREDON 6 VCM1 1,2,3 Vref - TCST 4 TCIRED 6 ΔVSTON ΔVIREDON Low Battery Alarm Voltage Output Voltage Common Mode Voltage Smoke Compare Reference Temperature Coefficient Line Regulation Internal Reference 4,5 VDD=6V to 12V, STROBE Output Voltage VDD=6V to 12V, IRED Output Voltage Active, VDD=6V to 12V 6,5 Active, VDD=6V to 12V -16 V mA mA 7.2 7.5 11.9 2.25 V V 5 VDD 5.3 Units V 1 6.9 STROBE off, VDD=12V, Iout=-1uA STROBE on, VDD=9V Iout= 100uA to 500uA IRED off, VDD=12V, Iout=1uA IRED on, VDD=9V Iout=0 to -6mA, Ta=25C Local smoke, Push to Test or Chamber Test, Note 1 Limits Typ Max V V VDD 5 3.1 VDD 4.7 .1 V V 3.75 V .5 VDD-2 V VDD3.85 VDD3.15 V .01 %/ºC .3 %/ºC -50 dB -30 dB Note 1: Not production tested Typical values are for design information and are not guaranteed. Limits over the specified temperature range are not production tested and are based on characterization data. © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22176A-page 3 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. AC Electrical Characteristics at TA =-25° to 75°, VDD=9V, VSS=0V, Component Values from Figure 2 ; R9=100KΩ, R12=10MΩ, C5= 1.5nF(unless otherwise noted) Min Limits Typ Max No Alarm Condition 9.4 10.5 11.5 mS Operating 9.4 10.5 11.5 mS 11 Standby, No Alarm 39 43 47 S TPLED2 11 Local Alarm Condition .45 .5 .55 S TPLED3 11 Timer Mode, No Local Alarm 9.6 10.75 11.8 S TPLED4 11 Remote Alarm Only TPER1 4 TPER1A 4 TPER1B 4 TPER2 4 TPER3 4 Standby, No Alarm Standby, After 1 Valid Smoke Sample Standby, After 2 Consecutive Valid Smoke Samples In Local Alarm – (3 Consecutive Valid Smoke Samples) In Remote Alarm Symbol Test Pin Oscillator Period TPOSC 12 LED and STROBE On Time TON1 11,4 TPLED1 Parameter LED Period STROBE and IRED Pulse Period Test Conditions Units LED IS NOT ON S 9.6 10.75 11.8 S 1.8 2 2.2 S .9 1 1.1 S .9 1 1.1 S 7.2 8 8.9 S TPER4 4 Pushbutton Test 300 336 370 mS IRED On Time TON2 6 Operating 94 104 115 uS Horn On Time THON1 8,9 450 500 550 mS THON2 8,9 9.4 10.5 11.5 mS THON3 8,9 90 100 110 mS THOF1 8,9 Operating, Alarm Condition, Note 1 Low Battery or Failed Chamber Test , No Alarm Operating, CO Interconnect Alarm Condition, Note 1 Operating, Alarm Condition, Note 1 450 500 550 mS THOF2 8,9 1.35 1.5 1.65 S THOF3 8,9 39 43 47 S THOF4 8,9 90 100 110 mS THOF5 8,9 4.59 5.1 5.61 S TIODLY1 7 TIOPW1 7 Operating, Alarm Condition, Note 1 Low Battery or Failed Chamber Test, No Alarm Operating, CO Interconnect Alarm Condition, Note 1 Operating, CO Interconnect Alarm Condition, Note 1 From Start of Local Alarm to IO Active No local alarm, 2 valid pulses required for CO TIOTO1 7 TIODMP 7 TIODLY2 7 Horn Off Time IO Delay IO Pulse on Time for CO Alarm IO Pulse Off Time for CO Alarm IO Charge Dump Duration Remote Alarm Delay Timer Period TTPER 0 S 46.2 IO=low At Conclusion of Local Alarm or Test No Local Alarm, From IO Active to Alarm No Alarm Condition 590 mS 3.7 S 1.2 1.35 1.5 S 1.05 1.5 2.0 S 8 10 12 Min Note 1 – See timing diagram for smoke alarm Horn Temporal Pattern Typical values are for design information and are not guaranteed. Limits over the specified temperature range are not production tested and are based on characterization data. © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22176A-page 4 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. DS22176A-page 5 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. Functional Block Diagram Figure 1 © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22176A-page 6 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. PIN DESCRIPTIONS PIN# PIN NAME 1 C1 The capacitor connected to this pin sets the photo amplifier gain (high) for the push-to-test and chamber sensitivity test. The size of this capacitor will depend on the chamber background reflections. A=1+ (C1/10) where C1 is in pF. The gain should be <10000. 2 C2 The capacitor connected to this pin sets the photo amplifier gain (normal) during standby. The value of this capacitor will depend on the smoke sensitivity required. A=1+ (C2/10) where C2 is in pF. 3 DETECT Positive input to the photo amplifier. This input is normally connected to the cathode of an external photo diode operated at zero bias. 4 STROBE Regulated output voltage of VDD-5 which is active during a test for smoke. This output is the negative side of the photo amplifier circuitry. 5 VDD Connect to the positive supply voltage 6 IRED Provides a regulated pulsed output voltage pre-driver for the infrared emitter. This output usually drives the base of an NPN transistor. 7 IO This bidirectional pin provides the capability to interconnect many detectors in a single system. This pin has an internal pull-down device. 8 HB This pin is connected to the metal electrode of a piezoelectric transducer. 9 HS HS is a complementary output to HB and connects to the ceramic electrode of the piezoelectric transducer. 10 FEED 11 LED 12 COSC A capacitor connected to this pin with a parallel resistor sets the internal clock low time which is approximately the clock period. 13 ROSC A resistor between this pin and pin 12 (COSC) sets the internal clock high time. This also sets the IRED pulse width (100-200uS). 14 VSS 15 VSEN In the timer mode this input pin can be used to set an external smoke comparator reference. 16 TEST This input is used to invoke two test modes and the timer mode. This input has an internal pull-down. © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DESCRIPTION Usually connected to the feedback electrode through a current limiting resistor. If not used this pin must be connected to VDD or VSS. Open drain NMOS output used to drive a visible LED. Connect to the negative supply voltage. DS22176A-page 7 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. Typical Application Figure 2 Notes: 1) C3 is typical for an alkaline battery. This capacitance should be increased to 4.7uF or greater for a carbon battery. Place C3 as close as possible to the device power pins. © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22176A-page 8 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATION NOTES Note: All timing references are nominal. See electrical characteristics for limits. Standby Internal Timing – With the external components specified in the typical application figure for ROSC and COSC the internal oscillator has a nominal period of 10mS. Normally the analog circuitry is powered down to minimize standby current (typically 4uA at 9V). Once every 10 seconds the detection circuitry (normal gain) is powered up for 10mS. Prior to completion of the 10mS period the IRED pulse is active for 100uS. At the conclusion of this 10mS period the photo amplifier is compared to an internal reference to determine the chamber status and latched. If a smoke condition is present the period to the next detection decreases and additional checks are made. Three consecutive smoke detections will cause the device to go into alarm and the horn circuit and interconnect will be active. Once every 40 seconds the status of the battery voltage is checked. This status is checked and latched at the conclusion of the LED pulse. In addition, once every 40 seconds the chamber is activated and using the high gain mode (capacitor C1) a check of the chamber is made by amplifying background reflections. If either the low battery or the photo chamber test fails the horn will chirp for 10mS every 40 seconds. The oscillator period is determined by the values of R9, R12 and C5 (see typical application FIG 2). The oscillator period T=TR+ TF where TR =.6931 * R12 * C5 and TF =.6931 * R9 * C5 Smoke Detection Circuitry – A comparator compares the photo amp output to an internal reference voltage. If the required number of consecutive smoke conditions is met the device will go into local alarm and the horn will be active. In local alarm the C2 gain is internally increased by ~10% to provide alarm hysteresis. Push to Test Operation – If the TEST input pin is activated (Vih) then, after one internal clock cycle, the smoke detection rate increases to once every 330mS. In this mode the high gain capacitor C1 is selected and background reflections are used to simulate a smoke condition. After the required consecutive detections the device will go into a local alarm condition. When the TEST input is deactivated (Vil) and after one clock cycle the normal gain capacitor C1 is selected. The detection rate continues at once every 330mS until 3 consecutive no smoke conditions are detected. At this point the device returns to standby timing. LED Operation – In standby the LED is pulsed on for 10mS every 43 Seconds. In a local alarm condition or the push to test alarm the LED pulse frequency is increased to once every .5 seconds. In the case of a remote alarm the LED not active. In the timer mode of operation the LED is pulsed on for 10mS every 10 seconds. Interconnect Operation – The bidirectional IO pin allows for interconnection of multiple detectors. In a local alarm condition this pin is driven high immediately through a constant current source. Shorting this output to ground during local alarm will not cause excessive current. The IO is ignored as an input during a local alarm. The IO pin also has an NMOS discharge device that is active for 1.3 seconds after the conclusion of any type of local alarm. This device helps to quickly discharge any capacitance associated with the interconnect line. If a remote active high signal is detected the device goes into remote alarm and the horn will be active. Internal protection circuitry allows for the signaling unit to have a higher supply voltage than the signaled unit without excessive current draw. In a remote alarm the intelligent interconnect circuitry will identify a DC smoke alarm signal and sound the smoke alarm temporal horn pattern. If the IO input is pulsed high twice with a nominal pulse on time greater than 40mS and within 3.7 seconds, a CO alarm condition is detected and the CO temporal horn pattern will sound. The CO temporal pattern will sound at least two times if a remote CO alarm condition is detected. © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22176A-page 9 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. Low Battery and Chamber Test – In standby an internal reference is compared to the voltage divided VDD supply. Low battery status is latched at the conclusion of the LED pulse. The horn will chirp for 10ms every 43 seconds until the low battery condition no longer exists. In standby a chamber test is also performed every 40 seconds by switching to the high gain capacitor C1 and sensing the photo chamber background reflections. Two consecutive chamber tests failures will also cause the horn to chirp for 10mS every 43 seconds. The low battery chirp occurs next to the LED pulse and the failed chamber test chirp ~20 seconds later. The low battery and chamber tests are not performed in a local or remote alarm condition. Timer Mode – If resistors Radj1 and Radj2 are in place and a high to low transition occurs on the TEST input the device enters a 10 minute timer mode. In this mode the smoke comparator reference is switched from the internal VDD-3.5V reference to the voltage that appears on VSEN (pin 15). This allows the sensitivity to be modified for the duration of the 10 minute timer period. The chamber test is not performed in the timer mode. If VSEN is left unconnected or tied to VSS the timer mode of operation is inhibited. Diagnostic Mode – In addition to the normal function of the TEST input a special diagnostic mode is available for calibration and test of the smoke detector. Taking the TEST pin below VSS and sourcing ~300uA out of the pin for 1 clock cycle will enable the diagnostic mode. In the diagnostic mode some of the pin functions are redefined. Refer to the table below for redefined pin functions in the diagnostic mode. In addition in this mode STROBE is always enabled and the IRED is pulsed at the clock rate of 10.5mS nominal. Pin Name IO Pin Number 7 VSEN 15 FEED 10 COSC HORNB 12 8 LED 11 Description The IO pin (7) controls the gain capacitor used for the photo amplifier. If IO is low then normal gain is selected. If IO is high then high gain is selected. In diagnostic mode the output of the photo amplifier is gated to this pin and the pull down device is disabled. If VSEN (15) is low then taking this input high will enable hysteresis which is a nominal 10% gain increase in normal gain mode. If desired this pin can be driven by an external clock. This pin becomes the smoke integrator output. A high level indicates that an alarm condition has been detected. The LED pin is used as a low battery indicator. For VDD above the low battery threshold the open drain NMOS is off. If VDD falls below the threshold the NMOS turns on. © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22176A-page 10 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. Timing Diagrams Standby, No Alarm (not to scale) Oscillator TPOSC TPWOSC Internal Clock TON1 TPER1 STROBE TON2 IRED TPLED1 LED Low Supply or Chamber Test Failure LED THON3 Low BatteryTest Low BatteryWarning Chirp Low Battery Warning Chirp Horn THOF3 Chamber Test and Warning is Offset from Low Battery Test and Warning by 21.5 Seconds © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22176A-page 11 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification R&E International A Subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc. Timing Diagrams (continued) Local Alarm Tim ing (not to scale) TPER2 STROBE IRED TPLED2 LED Sm oke Alarm Horn Tem poral Pattern (not to scale) No Alarm Local Alarm THON1 No Alarm THOF1 THOF2 Horn TIODLY1 IO CO Alarm Horn Tem poral Pattern (not to scale) Remote CO Alarm THON3 THOF4 THOF5 Horn TIOPW 1 IO TIOTO1 Notes: 1. Smoke is not sampled when the horn is active. Horn cycle is self completing in local alarm. 2. Low battery warning chirp is suppressed in local or remote alarm 3. IO Dump active only in local alarm, inactive if external alarm © 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22176A-page 12 RE46C146 CMOS Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC with Intelligent IO and Timer Mode Product Specification Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. 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