AN396

Gen eral Pu rpose MM I C : B GB 7 07 L7 ESD
GPS L NA for L 1 Ba nd (1 54 5 M Hz - 16 05 M H z)
Application Note AN396
About this document
Scope and purpose
This application note describes Infineon’s General Purpose MMIC: BGB707L7ESD as a GPS LNA for L1 band
applications.
1. This application note documents the design of a GPS band L1 LNA intended for use with a SAW
prefilter.
2. The BGB707L7ESD is used in this documented design.
3. GPS receiver for L1 band is the primary application of this document.
4. This design along with AN397 provides a solution to both L1 & L2s GPS band recievers where a single
type of LNA MMIC is required.
5. Key performance parameters include Gan = 18 dB, Return Loss < -10 dB and OP1dB = 2.1 dBm.
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Introduction
Table of Content
1
Introduction ............................................................................................................... 4
2
BGB707L7ESD Overview .............................................................................................. 5
3
Application Circuit and Performance Overview .............................................................. 8
4
Measurement Graphs ................................................................................................ 10
5
Evaluation Board and Layout Information ................................................................... 16
6
Authors .................................................................................................................... 18
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Introduction
List of Figures1
Figure 1
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12
Figure 13
Figure 14
Figure 15
Figure 16
Figure 17
BGB707L7ESD in TSLP-7-1 .................................................................................................................. 5
Equivalent Circuit of BGB707L7ESD ................................................................................................... 6
Package and pin connections of BGB707L7ESD ............................................................................... 6
Schematics of the BGB707L7ESD Application Circuit ....................................................................... 9
Gain of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band................................................................................................... 10
Narrow Band Gain of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band ............................................................................ 11
IMD3 of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band .................................................................................................. 11
Input P1dB of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band........................................................................................ 12
Input Return Loss of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band ............................................................................. 12
Input Return Loss Smith Chart of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band ........................................................ 13
Output Return Loss of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band .......................................................................... 13
Output Return Loss Smith Chart of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band ..................................................... 14
Reverse Isolation of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band .............................................................................. 14
Noise Figure of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band...................................................................................... 15
Stability of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band ............................................................................................ 15
Photo Picture of Evaluation Board (overview) ................................................................................. 16
Photo Picture of Evaluation Board (detailed view).......................................................................... 16
PCB Layer Information ...................................................................................................................... 17
List of Tables
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Pin Assignment of BGB707L7ESD ....................................................................................................... 7
Electrical Characteristics (at room temperature) .............................................................................. 8
Bill-of-Materials ................................................................................................................................... 9
1) The graphs are generated with the simulation program AWR Microwave Office®.
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Introduction
1
Introduction
The GPS satellites are at an orbit altitude of more than 20,000 km away from earth’s
surface and transmit power in the range of +47 dBm. After taking losses
(atmospheric, antenna etc.) into account, the received signal strength at the GPS
device input is very low in the range of -130 dBm. The ability of the GPS device to
receive such a low signal strength and provide meaningful information to the enduser depends strongly on the noise figure of the GPS receive chain. This ability which
is called receiver sensitivity can be improved by using a low-noise amplifier with low
noise figure and high gain at the input of the receiver chain. The improved sensitivity
results in a shorter Time-To-First-Fix (TTFF), which is the time required for a GPS
receiver to acquire satellite signals and navigation data, and calculate a position.
Noise figure of the LNA defines the overall noise figure of the GPS receiver system.
This is where the BGB707L7ESD ( as outlined in this application note) along with a
SAW filter on its input, can provide a GPS LNA with good noise figure and high gain
thereby improving the receiver sensitivity significantly.
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
BGB707L7ESD Overview
2
BGB707L7ESD Overview
2.1
Features

High performance general purpose wideband
MMIC LNA

ESD protection integrated for all pins (3 kV for
RF input vs. GND, 2 kV for all other pin
combinations, HBM)

Integrated active biasing circuit enables stable
operating point against temperature and
processing variations.

Excellent noise figure from Infineon´s reliable
high volume SiGe:C technology

High gain and linearity at low current
consumption

Supply voltage: 1.8 V to 4.0 V

Adjustable operating current 2.1 mA to 25 mA
by external resistor

Power-off function

Very small and leadless package TSLP-7-1, 2.0
x 1.3 x 0.4 mm3

Pb-free (RoHS compliant) and halogen-free
package

Qualification report according to AEC-Q101
available
2.2
Figure 1
BGB707L7ESD in TSLP-7-1
Key Applications of BGB707L7ESD

Mobile, portable and fixed connectivity applications: WLAN 802.11a/b/g/n, WiMax 2.5/3.5/5 GHz, UWB,
WiFi, Bluetooth

Satellite communication systems: Navigation systems (GPS, Glonass), satellite radio (SDARs, DAB) and
C-band LNB

Multimedia applications such as mobile/portable TV, CATV, FM Radio

3G/4G UMTS/LTE mobile phone applications

ISM applications like RKE, AMR and Zigbee, as well as for emerging wireless applications
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
BGB707L7ESD Overview
2.3
Description
The BGB707L7ESD is a Silicon Germanium Carbon (SiGe:C) low noise amplifier MMIC with integrated ESD
protection and active biasing. The device is as flexible as a discrete transistor and features high gain,
reduced power consumption and very low distortion for a very wide range of applications. The device is
based on Infineon Technologies’ cost effective SiGe:C technology and comes in a low profile TSLP-7-1
leadless green package.
Please visit the product page of BGB707L7ESD for more information.
Figure 1
Equivalent Circuit of BGB707L7ESD
Figure 2
Package and pin connections of BGB707L7ESD
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
BGB707L7ESD Overview
Table 1
Pin Assignment of BGB707L7ESD
Pin No.
Symbol
Function
1
Vcc
Supply voltage
2
Vbias
Bias reference voltage
3
RFin
RF input
4
RFout
RF output
5
Vctrl
On/Off control voltage
6
Adj
Current adjustment pin
7
GND
DC/RF GND
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Application Circuit and Performance Overview
3
Application Circuit and Performance Overview
In this chapter the performance of the application circuit, the schematic and bill-on-materials are
presented.
3.1
Device:
BGB707L7ESD
Application:
GPS LNA
PCB Marking:
BGB7-Family v3.1
EVB Order No.:
AN396
Summary of Measurement Results
The performance of BGB707L7ESD for GPS Band L1 LNA is summarized in the following table.
Table 2
Electrical Characteristics (at room temperature)
Text
Parameter
Symbol
Value
Unit
Frequency Range
Freq
1575
MHz
DC Voltage
Vcc
3
V
DC Current
Icc
10
mA
Gain
G
18.2
dB
Loss of input/output line of 0.1 dB included
Noise Figure
NF
1.2
dB
Loss of input line of 0.1 dB is deembeded
Input Return Loss
RLin
13.2
dB
Output Return Loss
RLout
11.6
dB
Reverse Isolation
IRev
27.2
dB
Input P1dB
IP1dB
-15.1
dBm
Output P1dB
OP1dB
2.1
dBm
Input IP3
IIP3
0.5
dBm
Output IP3
OIP3
18.7
dBm
Stability
k
>1
--
Application Note AN396
8
Comment/Test Condition
Pin= -30 dBm, f1=1575 MHz, f2=1576 MHz
Measured up to 10 GHz
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Application Circuit and Performance Overview
3.2
Schematics and Bill-of-Materials
Ther schematic of BGB707L7ESD for GPS LNA is presented in Figure 3 and its bill-of-materials is shown in
Table 3.
Vcc
C4
R2
1
R3
6
L2
LNA_EN
2
C2
RFin
BGB707
5
L1
RFout
3
4
C1
R4
R1
Figure 3
Table 3
Symbol
C5
C3
Schematics of the BGB707L7ESD Application Circuit
Bill-of-Materials
Value
Unit
Size
Manufacturer
R1
1
kΩ
0402
Any
Negative feedback
R2
820
Ω
0402
Any
Base bias
R3
51
Ω
0402
Any
Stability
R4
15
Ω
0402
Any
Stability
C1
4.7
pF
0402
KOA NPO
Input DC block
C2
1
nF
0402
KOA NPO
RF decoupling
C3
1
pF
0402
KOA NPO
RF decoupling/DC blocking
C4
1
nF
0402
KOA NPO
RF decoupling
C5
10
pF
0402
KOA NPO
Output DC block
L1
4.3
nH
0402
muRata LQG
RF chock/DC bias
L2
5.1
nH
0402
muRata LQG
RF chock/DC bias
Application Note AN396
9
Comment
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Measurement Graphs
4
Measurement Graphs
The performance of the application circuit is presented with the following graphs.
Gain
30
1575 MHz
18.82 dB
20
10
0
-10
500
Figure 4
1500
2500
Frequency (MHz)
3500
4500
Gain of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Measurement Graphs
Narrow Band Gain
30
1575.42 MHz
18.82 dB
20
10
0
-10
1550
Figure 5
1570
1590
Frequency (MHz)
1610
1625
Narrow Band Gain of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band
IMD3
0
1576
-11
Power (dBm)
-20
-40
1577
-72
-60
-80
-100
1573
Figure 6
1574
1575
1576
Frequency (MHz)
1577
1578
IMD3 of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Measurement Graphs
Input P1dB
20
-34
19
-15.1
18
Gain (dB)
15
10
5
-35
Figure 7
-25
-15
Pin (dB)
-5
0
Input P1dB of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band
Input Return Loss
5
0
-5
1575 MHz
-13.19 dB
-10
-15
-20
500
Figure 8
1500
2500
Frequency (MHz)
3500
4500
Input Return Loss of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Measurement Graphs
Swp Max
4500MHz
2.
0
0.
6
0.8
1.0
Input Return Loss Smith Chart
0.
3.
0
4
4.
0
5.0
0.2
10.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0
0.2
10.0
-10.0
2
0
0
.0
Swp Min
500MHz
-1.0
-0.8
-0
.6
-2
.0
.4
-3
-0
-4
.
1575 MHz
r 0.714356
x -0.249715
-5.
-0.
Input Return Loss Smith Chart of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band
Figure 9
Output Return Loss
10
0
1575 MHz
-11.56 dB
-10
-20
-30
500
Figure 10
1500
2500
Frequency (MHz)
3500
4500
Output Return Loss of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Measurement Graphs
Swp Max
4500MHz
2.
0
0.
6
0.8
1.0
Output Return Loss Smith Chart
0.
3.
0
4
4.
0.2
10.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.8
10.0
0.6
0.4
0.2
1575 MHz
r 0.589748
x -0.0931759
0
0
5.0
-10.0
2
0
.0
.0
Swp Min
500MHz
-1.0
-0.8
-0
.6
-2
.0
-3
.4
-4
-0
-5.
-0.
Output Return Loss Smith Chart of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band
Figure 11
Reverse Isolation
0
1575 MHz
-27.14 dB
-20
-40
-60
-80
500
Figure 12
1500
2500
Frequency (MHz)
3500
4500
Reverse Isolation of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Measurement Graphs
Noise Figure
4
NF (dB)
3
1575.4
1.2
2
1
0
300
1300
2300
3000
Noise Figure of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band
Figure 13
Stability
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
100
Figure 14
2100
4100
6100
Frequency (MHz)
8100
10000
Stability of BGB707L7 for GPS L1 Band
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Evaluation Board and Layout Information
5
Evaluation Board and Layout Information
In this application note, the following PCB is used:
PCB Marking: BGB7-Family v3.1
PCB material: FR4
r of PCB material: 4.8
Figure 15
Photo Picture of Evaluation Board (overview)
Figure 16
Photo Picture of Evaluation Board (detailed view)
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Evaluation Board and Layout Information
Figure 17
PCB Layer Information
Application Note AN396
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GPS LNA for L1 Band
Authors
6
Authors
Andrew Nelson, Application Engineer of Business Unit “RF and Protection Devices”
Revision History
Major changes since the last revision
Page or Reference
Description of change
Application Note AN396
18
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Edition 2014-10-27
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Document reference
AN 201410 PL32 002
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