KLI-2104 Linear CCD Image Sensor Description The KLI−2104 Image Sensor is a high dynamic range, multi-spectral, linear solid-state image sensor designed for demanding color scanning applications. The KLI−2104 contains three parallel linear photodiode arrays, each with 2098 active photosites for the detection of red, green, and blue (R, G, B) signals. A fourth channel, comprised of 4,196 pixels, provides high resolution luminance information. This combination allows the KLI−2104 to provide high resolution scans with accurate color reproduction. The device offers high sensitivity, low noise, and negligible lag. www.onsemi.com Table 1. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Parameter Typical Value Architecture Quadri-Linear CCD Total Number of Pixels Chroma Luma 3 × 2222 1 × 4244 Number of Active Pixels Chroma Luma 3 × 2098 1 × 4196 Pixel Size Chroma Luma 14 mm 7 mm Inter-Array Spacing G to R, R to B B to L 84 mm 87.5 mm Active Image Size 29.4 mm (Diagonal) Chip Size 35.64 mm (H) × 1.06 mm (V) Saturation Signal Chroma Luma 208,000 e− 140,000 e− Output Sensitivity 12 mV/e− Peak Quantum Efficiency R; G; B; L 73%; 55%; 62%; 88% Responsivity R; G; B; L Figure 1. KLI−2104 Linear CCD Image Sensor Features • Quadri-Linear Color Array Design • • • • • (G, R, B, L) for High Resolution with Accurate Color Reproduction High Sensitivity Photosites Low Noise Design with Negligible Image Lag Pixel-Summing Support for Extended Sensitivity and Dynamic Range 5.0 V Clock Inputs with Two-Phase Register Clocking Choice of Multi-Layer Anti-Reflective Coated (MAR) or Clear Coverglass Applications • Digitization • Photography 33; 36; 56; 16 V/mJ/cm2 e− Total Read Noise 30 Dark Current Chroma Luma 0.22 pA/Pixel 0.07 pA/Pixel Dynamic Range Chroma Luma 80 dB 75 dB Charge Transfer Efficiency 0.99999 Photoresponse Non-Uniformity 15% Peak-Peak Operating Frequency 20 MHz per Output Package CERDIP Cover Glass Options MAR Coated, 2 Sides ORDERING INFORMATION See detailed ordering and shipping information on page 2 of this data sheet. NOTE: Parameters above are specified at T = 25°C unless otherwise noted. © Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015 April, 2015 − Rev. 2 1 Publication Order Number: KLI−2104/D KLI−2104 ORDERING INFORMATION Table 2. ORDERING INFORMATION − KLI−2104 IMAGE SENSOR Part Number Description KLI−2104−DAA−EB−AA Color (RGB), No Microlens, CERDIP Package (Leadframe), Clear Cover Glass (No Coatings), Standard Grade KLI−2104−DAA−EB−AE Color (RGB), No Microlens, CERDIP Package (Leadframe), Clear Cover Glass (No Coatings), Engineering Grade KLI−2104−DAA−ED−AA Color (RGB), No Microlens, CERDIP Package (Leadframe), Clear Cover Glass with AR Coating (Both Sides), Standard Grade KLI−2104−DAA−ED−AE Color (RGB), No Microlens, CERDIP Package (Leadframe), Clear Cover Glass with AR Coating (Both Sides), Engineering Grade Marking Code KLI−2104 Lot Number Serial Number See the ON Semiconductor Device Nomenclature document (TND310/D) for a full description of the naming convention used for image sensors. For reference documentation, including information on evaluation kits, please visit our web site at www.onsemi.com. www.onsemi.com 2 KLI−2104 DEVICE DESCRIPTION Architecture 2 Blank 12 Dark 12 Dark 4 Blank ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ (ea.) 4196 Active Pixels Total (ea.) 2 Blank 12 Dark (ea.) 2098 Active Pixels (ea.) VidO VidE VidB VidR VidG 12 Dark 4 Blank Figure 2. Block Diagram Chroma Channel Schematic (Not Drawn to Scale) fRC RDC 12 Dark 2098 Active Pixels 12 Dark VDDC TG 1 C IGC TG 2 C 2 Blank Cells IDC F.D. 4 Blank Cells f1 C f2 C Sub VID f2SC Sub fRL RDL Luma Channel Schematic (Not Drawn to Scale) VDDL f2L f1L Sub 2 Blank Cells IDL F.D. 4 Blank Cells TGL Sub Sub Sub 24 Dark 4196 Active Pixels fRL 24 Dark RDL VDDL IGL Sub 2 Blank Cells 4 Blank Cells f1L f2L F.D. Sub Figure 3. Single Channel Schematic, Chroma and Luma www.onsemi.com 3 VIDO Sub First Active Pixel Last Active Pixel (Center) KLI−2104 Luma Channel (Edge) 6.25 Line Spacing (87.5 mm) Blue Channel 6 Line Spacing (84 mm) Red Channel 6 Line Spacing (84 mm) Green Channel Figure 4. Active Pixel and Channel Alignment − KLI−2104 Imaging then transferred to the output structures in a parallel format at the falling edge of the f2 clock. Re-settable floating diffusions are used for the charge-to-voltage conversion while source followers provide buffering to external connections. The potential change on the floating diffusion is dependent on the amount of signal charge and is given by DVFD = DQ/CFD, where DVFD is the change in potential on the floating diffusion, DQ is the amount of charge, and CFD is the capacitance of the floating diffusion node. Prior to each pixel output, the floating diffusion is returned to the RD level by the reset clock, fR. During the integration period, an image is obtained by gathering electrons generated by photons incident upon the photodiodes. The charge collected in the photodiode array is a linear function of the local exposure. The charge is stored in the photodiode itself and is isolated from the CCD shift registers during the integration period by the transfer gates TG1 and TG2 for the chroma channels, which are held at a barrier potential. (The luminance channel has only one transfer gate, TG). At the end of the integration period, the CCD register clocking is stopped with the f1 and f2 gates being held in a ‘high’ and ‘low’ state respectively. Next, the TG gates are turned ‘on’ causing the charge to drain from the photodiode into the TG1 storage region. As TG1 is turned back ‘off’ charge is transferred through TG2 and into the f1 storage region. The TG2 gate is then turned ‘off’, isolating the shift registers from the accumulation region once again. For the luminance channel, only one TG transfer is required. Complementary clocking of the f1 and f2 phases now resumes for readout of the current line of data while the next line of data is integrated. Pixel Summing (Chroma Channels Only) Enabling the pixel − summing feature can vary the effective resolution of the color channels of this sensor. A separate pin is provided for the last shift register gate labeled f2SC. This gate, when clocked appropriately, stores the summation of signal from adjacent pixels. This combined charge packet is then transferred onto the sense node. As an example, the sensor can be operated in 2-pixel summing mode (1,049 pixels), by supplying a clock to f2SC which is a 75% duty cycle signal at 1/2 the frequency of the f2C signal, and modifying the fRC clock as depicted in Figure 25. Applications that require full resolution mode (2,098 pixels), must tie the f2SC pin to the f2C pin. Refer to Figure 24 for additional details. The luma channel outputs are in an odd and even configuration. The odd pixel value and the even pixel value are available simultaneously during the f2 clock low phase. In this manner, pixel summing is an option off-chip. Charge Transport and Sensing Readout of the signal charge is accomplished by two-phase, complementary clocking of the f1 and f2 gates. The register architecture has been designed for high speed clocking with minimal transport and output signal degradation, while still maintaining low (5 Vp-p min) clock swings for reduced power dissipation, lower clock noise and simpler driver design. The data in all registers is clocked simultaneously toward the output structures. The signal is www.onsemi.com 4 KLI−2104 Physical Description Pin Description and Device Orientation SUB 1 32 SUB IGC 2 31 LS IDC 3 30 IGL TG2C 4 29 IDL TG1C 5 28 TGL f2C 6 27 f2L f1C 7 26 f1L N/C 8 25 N/C f2SC 9 24 VIDO SUBG 10 23 SUBL VIDG 11 22 VIDE SUBR 12 21 SUBB VIDR 13 20 VIDB VDDC 14 19 VDDL fRC 15 18 fRL RDC 16 17 RDL Figure 5. Pinout Diagram Table 3. PACKAGE PIN DESCRIPTION Pin Name 1 SUB 2 IGC 3 IDC 4 TG2C 5 TG1C 6 f2C 7 8 9 Description Pin Name Substrate/Ground 17 RDL Reset Drain, Luma Test Input − Input Diode, Chroma 18 fRL Reset Clock, Luma Test Input − Input Diode, Chroma 19 VDDL Amplifier Supply (Luma) Transfer Gate 2 Clock, Chroma 20 VIDx Output Video (R, G, B) Transfer Gate 1 Clock, Chroma 21 SUBx Ground Reference (R, G, B) Phase 2 CCD Clock, Chroma 22 VIDE Output Video (Luma Even Channel) f1C Phase 1 CCD Clock, Chroma 23 SUBL Ground Reference (Luma) N/C No Connection (Ground) 24 VIDO Output Video (Luma Odd Channel) H2SC Phase 2 Summing Gate, Chroma 25 N/C No Connection (Ground) 10 SUBx Ground Reference (R, G, B) 26 f1L Phase 1 CCD Clock, Luma 11 VIDx Output Video (R, G, B) 27 f2L Phase 2 CCD Clock, Luma 12 SUBx Ground Reference (R, G, B) 28 TGL Transfer Gate Clock, Luma 13 VIDx Output Video (R, G, B) 29 IDL Test Input − Input Diode, Luma 14 VDDC Amplifier Supply (Chroma) 30 IGL Test Input − Input Gate, Luma 15 fRC Reset Clock, Chroma 31 LS Light Shield/Exposure Drain 16 RDC Reset Drain, Chroma 32 SUB www.onsemi.com 5 Description Substrate/Ground KLI−2104 IMAGING PERFORMANCE Each limit identified as a maximum and/or a minimum is tested and guaranteed for every device. Nominal values are to be considered typical performance values that are design and manufacturing targets. These values are not guaranteed. Specifications given under nominally specified operating conditions for the given mode of operation at 25°C, fCLK = 1 MHz, 2.1 ms integration time, MAR cover glass, color filters, and an active load as in the schematic shown in Figure 23 of a typical output bias/buffer circuit, unless otherwise specified. See notes on next page for further descriptions. Table 4. SPECIFICATIONS Symbol Min. Nom. Max. Units Notes Verification Plan15 Saturation Output Voltage, Chroma VSAT, Chroma 2.0 2.5 − Vp-p 1, 9 Die Saturation Output Voltage, Luminance VSAT, Luma 1.2 1.75 − Vp-p 1, 9 Die Output Sensitivity DVOUT/DNe − 12 − mV/e− Design Design Design Description Saturation Signal Charge, Chroma Ne,sat chroma − 208,000 − e− Saturation Signal Charge, Luminance Ne,SAT Luma − 146,000 − e− Responsivity Quantum Efficiency Blue Channel @ 460 nm Green Channel @ 540 nm Red Channel @ 650 nm Luma Channel @ 550 nm R, Chroma 2, 9, 10 QE, Chroma QE, Luma − − − − 73 55 62 88 − − − − Dynamic Range Chroma Luma DR, Chroma DR, Luma − − 80 75 − − Dark Noise, Chroma and Luma Noise, Dark − 30 − Dark Signal Non-Uniformity, Chroma Luma DSNU, Chroma DSNU, Luma − − 2 2 16 16 Dark Current Chroma Luma IDARK, Chroma IDARK, Luma − − 0.22 0.07 0.5 0.2 Charge Transfer Efficiency Chroma Luma CTE, Chroma CTE, Luma 0.999995 0.999995 0.999998 0.999998 1 1 L, Chroma L, Luma − − 0.05 0.1 1 1 VODC 5 6.6 Photoresponse Non-Uniformity, Low Frequency, Chroma PRNUC, Low − Photoresponse Non-Uniformity, Medium Frequency, Chroma PRNUC, Med Photoresponse Non-Uniformity, High Frequency, Chroma % 2, 9, 10 ±10% ±10% ±10% ±10% Design dB 3 Design e− Design mV p-p 14 Die pA/Pixel 4 Die − 5 Die % 1st Field Die 8 V 9 Die 6 20 % p-p 6 Die − 6 20 % p-p 7 Die PRNUC, High − 3 15 % 8 Die Photoresponse Non-Uniformity, Low Frequency, Luma PRNUL, Low − 6 20 % p-p 6 Die Photoresponse Non-Uniformity, Medium Frequency, Luma PRNUL, Med − 6 20 % p-p 7 Die Photoresponse Non-Uniformity, High Frequency, Luma PRNUL, High − 3 15 % 8 Die Dark Def − − 0 Allowed 12 Die Lag Chroma Luma DC Output Offset Darkfield Defect, Brightpoint www.onsemi.com 6 KLI−2104 Table 4. SPECIFICATIONS (continued) Symbol Min. Nom. Max. Units Notes Verification Plan15 Brightfield Defect, Dark or Bright Bfld Def − − 0 Allowed 13 Die Smear, Photodiode to CCD Crosstalk Blue Channel @ 450 nm Green Channel @ 550 nm Red Channel @ 650 nm Smear, Chroma Smear Luma channel @ 550 nm Smear, Luma Description Linearity, Maximum from Best Fit Straight Line Blue Channel Green Channel Red Channel Luma Channel DC Amplifier Gain − − − 0.2 0.05 0.4 − − − − 1.2 − Linearity, Chroma Linearity, Luma − − − − 0.6 1.2 1 1 − − − − % Design % Design % Design Gain, DC − 0.75 − Amplifier Output Resistance ROUT − 220 − W Design Design Output Buffer Bandwidth f−3dB − 72 − MHz Design 1. Calculated under a flat field illumination. Defined as the maximum output level achievable before linearity or PRNU performance is degraded beyond specification. 2. With color filter. Values specified at filter peaks. 50% bandwidth = ±30 nm. Color filter arrays become transparent after 710 nm. It is recommended that a suitable IR cut filter be used to maintain spectral balance and optimal MTF. See quantum efficiency plots in Figure 7. 3. This device utilizes 2-phase clocking for cancellation of driver displacement currents. Symmetry between f1 and f2 phases must be maintained to minimize clock noise. 4. Dark current doubles approximately every +7°C. 5. Measured per transfer, 2 phases per pixel. For the typical total line (Chroma): (0.99999)4256 = 0.9583. For the typical total line (Luma): (0.99999)4256 = 0.9583. It should be noted that this parameter degrades with increasing horizontal clock frequency. 6. Low frequency response is measured across the entire array with a 1,000 pixel-moving window and a 5 pixel median filter evaluated under a flat field illumination. 7. Medium frequency response is measured across the entire array with a 50 pixel-moving window and a 5 pixel median filter evaluated under a flat field illumination. 8. High frequency response non-uniformity represents individual pixel defects evaluated under a flat field illumination. An individual pixel value may deviate above or below the average response for the entire array by a certain threshold. 9. Increasing the current load (nominally 6 mA) to improve signal bandwidth will decrease these parameters. 10. If resistive loads are used to set current, the amplifier gain will be reduced, thereby reducing the output sensitivity and net responsivity. 11. Where defective pixels are allowed, they will be separated by at least one non-defective pixel within and across channels. 12. Pixels whose response is greater than the average response by the specified threshold, (16 mV). See Figure 6. 13. Pixels, whose response is greater or less than the average response by the specified threshold, contained in the high frequency PRNU specification for that channel. See Figure 6. 14. Absolute difference between the maximum and minimum average signal level for an entire video channel. 15. A “die” parameter is measured on every sensor during production testing. A “design” parameter is quantified during design verification and not guaranteed by specification. Note 13: Bright Field Bright Pixel Average Pixel Signal Out Note 12: Dark Field Bright Pixel Note 13 Bright Field Dark Pixel Exposure Figure 6. Defective Pixel Classification www.onsemi.com 7 KLI−2104 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES KLI−2104 Responsivity − Color Channels 70 Responsivity (V/mJ/cm2) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 850 900 Wavelength (nm) Figure 7. KLI−2104 Responsivity − Color Channels KLI−2104 Responsivity − Even/Odd Monochrome Channels 18 16 Responsivity (V/mJ/cm2) 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 Wavelength (nm) Figure 8. Luminance Channel Responsivity www.onsemi.com 8 800 KLI−2104 KLI−2104 Quantum Efficiency − Even/Odd Monochrome Channels 100 90 Quantum Efficiency (%) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 Wavelength (nm) Figure 9. KLI−2104 Quantum Efficiency − Even/Odd Monochrome Channels KLI−2104 Quantum Efficiency − Color Channels 100 90 Quantum Efficiency (%) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 Wavelength (nm) Figure 10. KLI−2104 Quantum Efficiency − Color Channels www.onsemi.com 9 850 900 KLI−2104 RED Channel Linearity, Typical Response − Red LED Illumination 3 2.5 VOUT (V) 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 1 0 2 3 4 5 Illumination Level Figure 11. Red Channel Linearity GREEN Channel Linearity, Typical Response − Green LED Illumination 3 2.5 VOUT (V) 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Illumination Level Figure 12. Green Channel Linearity BLUE Channel Linearity, Typical Response − Blue LED Illumination 3 2.5 VOUT (V) 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 Illumination Level Figure 13. Blue Channel Linearity www.onsemi.com 10 6 KLI−2104 Dark Noise vs. Temperature Typical Performance − 1 MHz Data Rate 50 RED GREEN BLUE Even/Odd 45 Electrons 40 35 30 25 20 25 35 45 55 65 Temperature (5C) Figure 14. Dark Noise vs. Temperature Typical Modulation Transfer Function KLI−2104 Chroma Channels (MTF) 100 90 80 MTF (%) 70 60 50 450 nm 40 550 nm 30 650 nm 20 750 nm 10 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 Spatial Frequency (Cyc/mm) Figure 15. Typical Modulation Transfer www.onsemi.com 11 30 35 40 KLI−2104 KLI−2104 Smear (Photodiode-to-CCD Crosstalk) @ 450−800 nm Typical Performance 1.8 BLUE CHANNEL Smear (%) GREEN CHANNEL Smear (%) 1.6 RED CHANNEL Smear (%) EVEN CHANNEL Smear (%) 1.4 ODD CHANNEL Smear (%) Smear (%) 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 Wavelength (nm) Figure 16. KLI−2104 Smear CTE KLI−2104 CTE vs. Frequency 1.000000 0.999998 0.999996 0.999994 0.999992 0.999990 0.999988 0.999986 0.999984 0.999982 0.999980 0.999978 0.999976 0.999974 0.999972 0.999970 Chroma Luma 2.5 5 10 Frequency (MHz) Figure 17. CTE vs. Frequency www.onsemi.com 12 15 20 KLI−2104 Typical KLI−2104 Dark Noise vs. CCD Clock Frequency 1,000 BLUE Noise (e−) GREEN Noise (e−) RED Noise (e−) Noise (e−) EO Noise (e−) 100 10 1 10 fCCD Figure 18. Typical KLI−2104 Dark Noise vs. CCD Clock Frequency Typical KLI−2104 Dark Noise vs. CCD Clock Frequency 250 BLUE Noise (e−) GREEN Noise (e−) 200 RED Noise (e−) Noise (e−) EO Noise (e−) 150 100 50 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 fCCD Figure 19. Typical KLI−2104 Dark Noise vs. CCD Clock Frequency www.onsemi.com 13 8 KLI−2104 Typical KLI−2104 Noise vs. Temperature (1 MHz) 100 Chroma Average Noise (e−) Luma Average 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Temperature (5C) Figure 20. Noise vs. Temperature Typical KLI−2104 Dark Voltage vs. Temperature (1 MHz/tINT = 2.2 ms) 0.01 Blue Green Red Dark Voltage (V) E/O 0.001 35 40 45 50 55 Temperature (5C) Figure 21. Dark Voltage vs. Temperature www.onsemi.com 14 60 65 KLI−2104 OPERATION Table 5. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Description Symbol Minimum Maximum Units Notes Gate Pin Voltage VGATE 0 16 V 1, 2 Pin-to-Pin Voltage VPIN−PIN − 16 V 1, 3 Diode Pin Voltages VDIODE −0.5 16 V 1, 4 Output Bias Current IDD −10 −1 mA 5 Output Load Capacitance CVID,LOAD − 10 pF 9 CCD Clocking Frequency fCLK − 20 MHz 6 Operating Temperature TOP 0 70 °C 7 Storage Temperature TST −25 80 °C 8 Stresses exceeding those listed in the Maximum Ratings table may damage the device. If any of these limits are exceeded, device functionality should not be assumed, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. 1. Referenced to substrate voltage. 2. Includes pins: H1n, H2n, TGx, fRx, OGx, IGx. 3. Voltage difference (either polarity) between any two pins. 4. Includes pins: VIDn, VSSn, RDx, VDDx, LS and IDx. 5. Care must be taken not to short output pins to ground during operation as this may cause permanent damage to the output structures. 6. Charge transfer efficiency will degrade at frequencies higher than the maximum clocking frequency. VIDn load resistor values may need to be decreased as well. 7. Noise performance will degrade with increasing temperatures. 8. Long term storage at the maximum temperature will accelerate color filter degradation. 9. Exceeding the upper limit on output load capacitance will greatly reduce the output frequency response. Thus, direct probing of the output pins with conventional oscilloscope probes is not recommended. 10. The absolute maximum ratings for the entire table indicate the limits of this device beyond which damage may occur. The Operating ratings indicate the conditions that the device is functional. Operating at or near these ratings do not guarantee specific performance limits. Guaranteed specifications and test conditions are contained in the Imaging Performance section. Device Input ESD Protection Circuit (Schematic) To Device Function I/O Pin Vt = ~20 V CAUTION: To allow for maximum performance, this device was designed with limited input protection; thus, it is sensitive to electrostatic induced damage. These devices should be installed in accordance with strict ESD handling procedures! Figure 22. ESD Protection Circuit www.onsemi.com 15 KLI−2104 DC Bias Operating Conditions Table 6. DC BIAS OPERATING CONDITIONS Symbol Minimum Nominal Maximum Units Substrate Description VSUB C,L − 0 − V Reset Drain Bias (Color) VRD C,L 11.5 12.0 12.5 V Output Buffer Supply VDD C,L 11.5 12.0 12.5 V Output Bias Current/Channel IVIDPIN −4.0 −6.0 −8.0 mA VLS 11.5 12.0 12.5 V Test Pin − Input Gate VIG C,L − 0 − V Test Pin − Input Diode VID C,L − 12.0 − V Light Shield/Drain Bias Notes 1 1. A current sink must be supplied for each output. Load capacitance should be minimized so as not to limit bandwidth. The values of RX and RL should be chosen to optimize for a given operating frequency, but. Rx should not be less than 75 W. The values shown in Figure 23 below represent one possible solution. Typical Output Bias/Buffer Circuit VDD To Device Output Pin: VIDx (Minimize Path Length) BFR90 or Equiv. Buffered Output RX = 120 W RL = 600 W* Figure 23. Typical Output Bias/Buffer Circuit www.onsemi.com 16 KLI−2104 AC Operating Conditions Table 7. AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Description Symbol Minimum Nominal Maximum Units Notes 1e = 1/fCLK 50 50 − ns 1 e Count tR − 30 − ns Typical 1L = tINT 0.1064 2.128 − ms 2128 e Counts PD−CCD Transfer Period tPD 1,000 − − ns 8 e Counts Transfer Gate 1 Clear tTG1 500 1,000 − ns 1 e Count Transfer Gate 2 Clear tTG2 500 1,000 − ns 1 e Count Reset Pulse Duration tRST 9 − − ns 1 Clamp to f2 Delay tCD 5 − − ns 2 Sample to Reset Edge Delay tSD 5 − − ns 2 LOG Gate Duration tLOG1 1,000 − − ns LOG Gate Clear tLOG2 1,000 − − ns CCD Element Duration f1L, f1C, f2L, fC2, Rise Time Line/Integration Period 1. Minimum values given are for 20 MHz CCD operation. 2. Recommended delays for Correlated Double Sampling (CDS) of output. Table 8. CLOCK LEVELS Description Symbol Minimum Nominal Maximum Units CCD Readout Clocks High Vf1CH, Vf2CH, Vf1LH, Vf2LH 4.6 5.0 − V CCD Readout Clocks Low Vf1CL, Vf2CL, Vf1LL, Vf2LL −0.1 0.0 0.1 V Transfer Clocks High VTGLH, VTG1H, VTG2H 4.6 5.0 − V Transfer Clocks Low VTGLL, VTG1L, VTG2L −0.1 0.0 0.1 V Reset Clock High VfRCH, VfRLH 4.6 5.0 − V Reset Clock Low VfRCL, VfRLL −0.1 0.0 0.1 V 1. Care should be taken to insure that low rail overshoot does not exceed −0.5 VDC. Exceeding this value may result in non-photogenerated charged being injected into the video signal. 2. Connect pin to ground potential for applications where exposure control is not required. www.onsemi.com 17 KLI−2104 TIMING Requirements and Characteristics Table 9. CLOCK LINE CAPACITANCE Description Symbol Minimum Nominal Maximum Units Notes Phase 1 Clock Capacitance Cf1C − 758 − pF 1 Phase 2 Clock Capacitance Cf2C − 558 − pF 1 Transfer Gate 1 Capacitance CTG1C − 440 − pF Transfer Gate 2 Capacitance CTG2C − 222 − pF Reset Gate Capacitance CfRC − 6 − pF Phase 1 Clock Capacitance Cf1L − 397 − pF 1 Phase 2 Clock Capacitance Cf2L − 302 − pF 1 Transfer Gate Capacitance CTGL − 92 − pF Reset Gate Capacitance CfRL − 6 − pF CHROMA LUMA 1. This is the total load capacitance per CCD phase. Since the CCDs are driven from both ends of the sensor, the effective load capacitance per drive pin is approximately half the value listed. Line Timing − Full Resolution Mode f1C, f1L f2C, f2L, f2SC 4 Blank Pixels* 12 Dark Pixels* 2098 Active Pixels* 12 Dark 2 Blank Pixels* Pixels* tINT TG1C, TGL TG2C * Pixel counts are per output. Transfer Timing − Full Resolution Mode f1C, f1L First Dark Reference Pixel Data Valid (5th H2 Falling Edge) 1 Pixel f2C, f2L, f2SC TG1C, TGL tTG1 tTG2 tPD TG2C Figure 24. Timing Diagram www.onsemi.com 18 4 Blank Pixels* KLI−2104 Output Timing − Full Resolution Mode f2C = f2SC tR 1 Pixel fRC, fRL tCD tRST VIDn VFEEDTHRU VSAT VDARK tSD Clamp* Sample* Output Timing − 2-Pixel Summing Mode f2C, f2L f2SC fRC VIDn VPixel N + Pixel (N+1) Clamp* Sample* * Required for Optional Off-Chip, Analog, Correlated Double Sampling (CDS) Signal Processing. Figure 25. Output Timing www.onsemi.com 19 KLI−2104 MECHANICAL DRAWINGS Completed Assembly Figure 26. Completed Assembly www.onsemi.com 20 KLI−2104 COVER GLASS SPECIFICATION Two-Sided Multi-Layer Anti-Reflective Cover Glass Specification (MAR) This device is configured with a coverglass designed to reduce reflections and maximize transmission of the visible light. The typical spectral characteristics of this glass is found below: Maximum Reflectance Allowed (Two-Sided) 2.40 2.20 2.00 Reflectance (%) 1.80 1.60 1.40 1.20 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 Reflectance (Two-Sided) 0.20 0.00 400 450 500 550 600 Wavelength (nm) Figure 27. Maximum Reflectance Allowed www.onsemi.com 21 650 700 KLI−2104 REFERENCES For information on ESD and cover glass care and cleanliness, please download the Image Sensor Handling and Best Practices Application Note (AN52561/D) from www.onsemi.com. For information on device numbering and ordering codes, please download the Device Nomenclature technical note (TND310/D) from www.onsemi.com. For information on Standard terms and Conditions of Sale, please download Terms and Conditions from www.onsemi.com. For information on soldering recommendations, please download the Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual (SOLDERRM/D) from www.onsemi.com. For quality and reliability information, please download the Quality & Reliability Handbook (HBD851/D) from www.onsemi.com. ON Semiconductor and the are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC) or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent−Marking.pdf. SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner. PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION LITERATURE FULFILLMENT: Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor P.O. Box 5163, Denver, Colorado 80217 USA Phone: 303−675−2175 or 800−344−3860 Toll Free USA/Canada Fax: 303−675−2176 or 800−344−3867 Toll Free USA/Canada Email: [email protected] N. American Technical Support: 800−282−9855 Toll Free USA/Canada Europe, Middle East and Africa Technical Support: Phone: 421 33 790 2910 Japan Customer Focus Center Phone: 81−3−5817−1050 www.onsemi.com 22 ON Semiconductor Website: www.onsemi.com Order Literature: http://www.onsemi.com/orderlit For additional information, please contact your local Sales Representative KLI−2104/D