NB4N441 D

NB4N441
3.3V Serial Input
MultiProtocol PLL Clock
Synthesizer, Differential
LVPECL Output
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Description
The NB4N441 is a precision clock synthesizer which generates a
differential LVPECL clock output frequency from 12.5 MHz to
425 MHz. A Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is used to configure the
device to produce one of sixteen popular standard protocol output
frequencies from a single 27 MHz crystal reference. The NB4N441
also has the added feature of allowing application specific output
frequencies from 12.5 MHz to 425 MHz using crystals within the
range of 10 MHz to 28 MHz.
MARKING
DIAGRAM*
24
QFN−24
MN SUFFIX
CASE 485L
Features
27 MHz Crystal Reference
Serial Load Capability for Proprietary Frequencies
Flexible Input Allows for External Clock Reference
Exceeds Bellcore and ITU Jitter Generation Specification
PLL Lock Detect Output
Output Enable
Fully Integrated Phase−Lock−Loop with Internal Loop Filter
Operating Range: VCC = 3.135 V to 3.465 V
Small Footprint 24 Pin QFN
These are Pb−Free Devices*
NB4N
441
ALYWG
G
A
= Assembly Location
L
= Wafer Lot
Y
= Year
W
= Work Week
G
= Pb−Free Package
(Note: Microdot may be in either location)
• Performs Precision Clock Generation and Synthesis from a Single
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1
*For additional marking information, refer to
Application Note AND8002/D.
ORDERING INFORMATION
See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package
dimensions section on page 11 of this data sheet.
LOCKED
27 MHz
XTAL
OSC
B
R
OUTDIV
B2, 4, 8,
16, 32
FB
Feedback
Divider
CLKOUT
CLKOUT
OE
VCC − 2 V
SDATA
SCLOCK
SLOAD
Frequency Control Logic
Serial Load
Figure 1. Simplified Block Diagram
*For additional information on our Pb−Free strategy and soldering details, please
download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques
Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D.
© Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2011
April, 2011 − Rev. 2
1
Publication Order Number:
NB4N441/D
NB4N441
VCC
CLK/XTAL1
XTAL2
LOCKED
Input
Prescaler
XTAL
OSC
PB
VCC_PLL
PFD
R
Loop
Filter
VCO
OUTDIV (NB)
B2, 4, 8,
16, 32
FB
Feedback
Divider (MB)
SDATA
SCLOCK
SLOAD
P[4:0] M[9:0] N[3:0]
Frequency Control Logic
Serial Load
GND
VCC
CLKOUT
CLKOUT
OE
LOCKED
GND
Figure 2. Block Diagram
24
23
22
21
20
19
Exposed Pad
(EP)
17
SCLOCK
VCC_PLL
3
16
SDATA
NC
4
15
SLOAD
NC
5
14
NC
GND
6
13
VCC
7
8
9
10
11
12
VCC
2
VCC
NC
NC
GND
GND
18
CLK/XTAL1
1
XTAL2
GND
Figure 3. QFN−24 Lead Pinout (Top View)
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2
OE
CLKOUT
CLKOUT
NB4N441
Table 1. PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin
Name
I/O
11, 12, 13, 24
VCC
Power Supply
Description
3
VCC_PLL
PLL Power Supply
1, 6, 9, 18, 19
GND
Ground
20
LOCKED
LVTTL Lock Output
2, 4, 5, 10, 14
NC
8
CLK / XTAL1,
7
XTAL2
15
SLOAD**
LVTTL / LVCMOS,
Serial Load Input
Serial Load.
16
SDATA**
LVTTL / LVCMOS
Serial Data Input
Serial Data Input.
17
SCLOCK**
LVTTL / LVCMOS
Serial Clock Input
Serial Clock Input.
21
OE*
LVTTL Input
22, 23
CLKOUT
CLKOUT
LVPECL Output
Positive supply voltage.
Positive supply voltage for the PLL.
Ground.
When Low, this output provides indication that the PLL is
locked and the device is in proper operating mode. When
High, the PLL is out of lock.
No Connect.
LVTTL/LVCMOS Single Ended
Clock or XTAL Inputs
The crystal is connected between the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pin.
If driving single−ended, use XTAL1 and leave XTAL2
floating.
Synchronous Output Enable. When OE is HIGH or left
OPEN, the outputs are enabled. When OE is LOW, the
outputs are disabled.
Differential LVPECL Clock Outputs, Typically terminated with
50 W resistor to VCC – 2.0 V.
EP
The Exposed Pad on the 24 pin QFN package bottom is
thermally connected to the die for improved heat transfer out
of package. The pad is not electrically connected to the die,
but is recommended to be electrically connected to GND on
the PC board.
*Pins will default HIGH when left Open
**Pins will default LOW when left Open
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3
NB4N441
Table 2. STANDARD PROTOCOL / OUTPUT FREQUENCY SELECT TABLE WITH 27 MHz CRYSTAL REFERENCE
#
Protocol
CLKOUT (MHz)
Input Prescaler
Divider P[4:0]
PLL FB Divider
M[9:0]
Output Frequency Divider
OUTDIV N[2:0]
0
OC−3 /STM−1
155.52
11001
1001000000
010
0
OC−12 / STM−4
155.52
11001
1001000000
010
0
OC−48 / STM−16
155.52
11001
1001000000
010
1
ETR
32
11011
1000000000
100
2
OC−1
51.84
11001
1100000000
100
3
Fast Ethernet
50
11011
1100100000
100
3
ESCON
50
11011
1100100000
100
4
FDDI
125
11011
0111110100
010
4
Infiniband
125
11011
0111110100
010
4
Gigabit Ethernet
125
11011
0111110100
010
4
PCIe
125
11011
0111110100
010
5
1/8 Fibre Channel
13.28125
11011
0110101001
101
6
1/4 Fibre Channel
26.5625
11011
1101010010
101
7
1/2 Fibre Channel
53.125
11011
1101010010
100
8
Fibre Channel
106.25
11011
1101010010
011
9
General
150
11011
1001011000
010
10
D1 Video
69
11011
1000101000
011
11
SONET Reference
19.44
11001
1001000000
101
12
2x Fibre Channel
212.5
11011
1101010010
010
13
4x Fibre Channel
425
11011
1101010010
001
14
XAUI
156.25
11011
1001110001
010
15
Serial ATA
100
11011
1100100000
011
16
HDTV
74.25
11011
1001010010
011
17
HDTV
148.50
11011
1001010010
010
Table 3. N−DIVIDER TABLE
N2
N1
N0
N Divider
0
0
0
na
0
0
1
B2
0
1
0
B4
0
1
1
B8
1
0
0
B16
1
0
1
B32
1
1
0
na
1
1
1
na
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NB4N441
Table 4. ATTRIBUTES
Characteristics
Value
Internal Input Pullup Resistor
37.5kW
Internal Input Pulldown Resistor
75kW
ESD Protection
Human Body Model
Machine Model
Moisture Sensitivity (Note 1)
Flammability Rating
> 1000 V
> 150 V
Level 1
Oxygen Index: 28 to 34
Transistor Count
UL 94 V−0 @ 0.125 in
2102
Meets or exceeds JEDEC Spec EIA/JESD78 IC Latchup Test
1. For additional information, see Application Note AND8003/D.
Table 5. MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 2)
Symbol
Parameter
Condition 1
Rating
Unit
3.6
V
3.6
V
Continuous Surge
50
100
mA
mA
QFN−24
−40 to +85
°C
−65 to +150
°C
VCC
Positive Power Supply
GND = 0 V
VI
Input Voltage
GND = 0 V
Iout
LVPECL Output Current
TA
Operating Temperature Range
Tstg
Storage Temperature Range
qJA
Thermal Resistance (Junction−to−Ambient) (Note 3)
qJC
Thermal Resistance (Junction−to−Case)
Tsol
Wave Solder
Condition 2
GND = VI = VCC
0 lfpm
500 lfpm
QFN−24
QFN−24
°C/W
°C/W
2S2P (Note 3)
QFN−24
°C/W
< 3 sec @ 260°C
265
°C
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the
Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect
device reliability.
2. Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which device damage may occur.
3. JEDEC standard multilayer board − 2S2P (2 signal, 2 power).
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NB4N441
Table 6. DC CHARACTERISTICS VCC = 3.135 V to 3.465 V, GND = 0 V, TA = −40°C to +85°C
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
ICC
Power Supply Current (Inputs and Outputs Loaded)
Characteristic
50
70
90
mA
ICCPLL
PLL Power Supply Current
10
20
30
mA
VOH
LVPECL Output HIGH Voltage (Notes 4 and 5)
VCC = 3.3 V
VCC – 1145
2155
VCC − 1030
2270
VCC – 895
2405
mV
VOL
LVPECL Output LOW Voltage (Notes 4 and 5)
VCC = 3.3 V
VCC – 1945
1355
VCC − 1760
1540
VCC – 1695
1605
mV
VOHTTL
Output HIGH Voltage (LOCKED Pin)
VOLTTL
Output LOW Voltage (LOCKED Pin)
VIH
IOH = −0.8 mA
2.5
VCC
V
GND
0.4
V
Input HIGH Voltage (LVTTL/LVCMOS)
2.0
VCC
V
VIL
Input LOW Voltage (LVTTL/LVCMOS)
GND
0.8
V
IIH
Input HIGH Current, OE
SCLK, SDATA, SLOAD
OE, SCLK, SDATA, SLOAD
VIN = 2.7 V, VCCmax
VIN = 2.7 V, VCCmax
VIN = VCC, VCCmax
6.0
20
20
26
60
60
mA
mA
IIL
Input LOW Current
VIN = 0.5 V, VCCmax
10
mA
NOTE: Device will meet the specifications after thermal equilibrium has been established when mounted in a test socket or printed circuit
board with maintained transverse airflow greater than 500 lfpm. Electrical parameters are guaranteed only over the declared
operating temperature range. Functional operation of the device exceeding these conditions is not implied. Device specification limit
values are applied individually under normal operating conditions and not valid simultaneously.
4. LVPECL Outputs loaded with 50 W termination resistors to VTT = VCC – 2.0 V for proper operation.
5. LVPECL Output parameters vary 1:1 with VCC.
Table 7. AC CHARACTERISTICS VCC = 3.135 V to 3.465 V, GND = 0 V, TA = −40°C to +85°C (Note 6)
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
28
50
10
MHz
fIN
Crystal Input Frequency
External CLOCK Input Frequency (Pin 8)
SCLOCK
10
27
27
VOUTPP
Output Voltage Amplitude
600
800
fVCO
VCO Frequency Range
400
850
MHz
fCLKOUT
Output Clock Frequency Range
12.5
425
MHz
tR/tF_IN
Input Clock Rise and Fall Time (CLK, Pin 8) (Note 7)
10
ns
tLOCK
Maximum PLL Lock Time
0.5
5
ms
DCO
Output CLOCK Duty Cycle (Differential Configuration)
52
%
tJITTER(pd)
Period Jitter (RMS, 1s, 10,000 Cycles) (Notes 8 and 9)
3.5
6.5
ps
tJITTER(pd)
Period Jitter (Peak−to−Peak, 10,000 Cycles) (Note 9)
25
40
ps
ts
Setup Time
SDATA to SCLOCK
SCLOCK to SLOAD
20
20
ns
ns
th
Hold Time
SDATA to SCLOCK
SCLOCK to SLOAD
20
20
ns
ns
tpwmin
Minimum Pulse Width SLOAD
20
tr, tf
Output Rise/Fall Times (Note 7) CLKOUT / CLKOUT
175
48
mV
ns
300
425
ps
NOTE: Device will meet the specifications after thermal equilibrium has been established when mounted in a test socket or printed circuit
board with maintained transverse airflow greater than 500 lfpm. Electrical parameters are guaranteed only over the declared
operating temperature range. Functional operation of the device exceeding these conditions is not implied. Device specification limit
values are applied individually under normal operating conditions and not valid simultaneously.
6. LVPECL Outputs loaded with 50 W to VCC − 2.0 V.
7. Measured 20% to 80%
8. Additive RMS jitter with 50% duty cycle input clock signal at 27.000 MHz; fOUT = 155 MHz.
9. fOUT = 155 MHz. Protocol 13.28125 MHz will have typical period jitter (RMS) of 14 ps and a typical cycle−to−cycle jitter of 95 ps.
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NB4N441
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
General
Lock Detect Functionality
The NB4N441 is a precision clock synthesizer which
generates a differential LVPECL clock output frequency
from 12.5 MHz to 425 MHz. A three−wire SPI interface is
used to configure the device to produce the exact frequency
of one of sixteen predefined popular standard protocol
output frequencies from a single 27 MHz crystal reference;
see Table 1. This serial interface gives the user complete
control of each internal counter/divider.
If a different or custom output frequency is required, the
SPI interface can also enable the user to configure the device
for frequencies not specified in Table 1.
The NB4N441 features a PLL Lock Detect function
which indicates the locked status of the PLL. When the PLL
is locked, the LOCKED output pin asserts a logic Low.
When the internal phase lock is lost (such as when the input
clock stops, drifts beyond the pullable range of the crystal,
or suddenly shifts in phase), the LOCKED output goes High.
Table 9. Table 9. Lock Detect Function
LOCKED
Function
0
PLL is Locked
1
PLL is not Locked
Input Clock / Crystal Functionality
To generate the exact protocol frequencies in Table 1, a
27.000 MHz frequency source is required. This can be
accomplished by connecting a 27.000 MHz crystal across
the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins. If driving single ended, use the
XTAL1 pin and leave XTAL2 floating. The CLK/XTAL1
input will accept a LVTTL/LVCMOS input.
Using the On−Board Crystal Oscillator
The NB4N441 features a fully integrated on−board
crystal oscillator to minimize system implementation costs.
The crystal should be fundamental mode, parallel
resonant. For exact tuning of cyrstal frequency, capacitors
should be connected from pins X1 and X2. Typical loading
should be on the order of 20 pF to 30 pF (on each crystal
input pin). As the oscillator is somewhat sensitive to loading
on its inputs, the user is advised to mount the crystal as close
to the NB4N441 as possible to avoid any board level
parasitic effects. To facilitate collocation, surface mount
crystals are recommended, but not required.
Frequency Control Logic Configuration
The NB4N441 includes a 5−bit input prescaler, a 10−bit
divider for the PLL feedback path and a 3−bit Output
Divider, which divides the VCO frequency by 2, 4, 8, 16, or
32. The Frequency Control Logic for the NB4N441
configures these dividers and counters through the
Serial inputs and will select one of the sixteen
predetermined clock frequencies in Table 1. The serial
interface can also be used to configure the device for user
specified custom frequencies not specified in Table 1.
Output frequencies are generated based on the following
equation: FOUT = (Fxtal/P) * M B N, with the stipulation
that
the
internal
VCO
frequency
be
400 MHz < VCO < 850 MHz with VCO = FOUT * N and
10 MHz < Fxtal < 28 MHz.
Table 10. CRYSTAL SPECIFICATIONS
Parameter
Crystal Cut
Fundamental AT Cut
Resonance
Parallel Resonance
Load Capacitance
Frequency Tolerance
Frequency/Temperature Stability
Operating Range
Output Enable
The NB4N441 incorporates a synchronous output
Disable/Enable pin, OE. The synchronous output enable pin
insures no runt clock pulses are generated. When disabled,
CLKOUT is set LOW and CLKOUT is set HIGH.
OE
Function
1
Clock Outputs Enabled
0
Clock Outputs Disabled
CLKOUT = L, CLKOUT = H
±15 ppm at 25°C
±20 ppm 0 to 70°C
0 to 70°C or
−40 to +85°C
5 pF Max
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR)
50 W Max
Aging
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7
18 pF
Shunt Capacitance
Correlation Drive Level
Table 8. Table 8. Output Enable Function
Value
1.0 mW Max
5 ppm / Yr
(First 3 Years)
15 ppm /10 Yrs
NB4N441
3.3 V or
5.0 V
the power supplies, a second level of isolation may be
required. The simplest form of isolation is a power supply
filter on the PLL_VCC Pin for the NB4N441. Figure 4
illustrates a typical power supply filter scheme. The
NB4N441 is most susceptible to noise with spectral content
in the 1 kHz to 1 MHz range. Therefore, the filter should be
designed to target this range. The key parameter that needs
to be met in the final filter design is the DC voltage drop that
will be seen between the VCC supply and the PLL_VCC pin
of the NB4N441. From the data sheet, the PLL_VCC current
(the current sourced through the PLL_VCC Pin) is typically
26 mA. Assuming that a minimum of 2.9 V must be
maintained on the PLL_VCC pin, very little DC voltage drop
can be tolerated when a 3.3 V VCC supply is used. The
resistor shown in Figure 4 must have a resistance of 5 W
Max to meet the voltage drop criteria. The RC filter pictured
will provide a broadband filter with approximately 100:1
attenuation for noise whose spectral content is above
20 kHz. As the noise frequency crosses the series resonant
point of an individual capacitor, it’s overall impedance
begins to look inductive and thus increases with increasing
frequency. The parallel capacitor combination shown
ensures that a low impedance path to ground exists for
frequencies well above the bandwidth of the PLL. The level
of required filtering is subject to further optimization and
simplification. All the VCC pins are connected to the same
VCC plane. All the ground pins (GND) are connected to the
same GND plane.
3.3 V or
5.0 V
RS = 5 W
L=1000 mH
R=15 W
PLL_VCC
47 mF
0.01 mF
VCC
0.01 mF
Figure 4. Power Supply Filter
Power Supply Filtering
The NB4N441 is a mixed analog/digital product and as
such, it exhibits some sensitivities that would not necessarily
be seen on a fully digital product. Analog circuitry is
naturally susceptible to random noise, especially if this noise
is seen on the power supply pins. The NB4N441 provides
separate power supplies for the digital circuitry (VCC) and
the internal PLL (PLL_VCC) of the device. The purpose of
this design technique is to try and isolate the high switching
noise of the digital outputs from the relatively sensitive
internal analog phase−locked loop. In a controlled
environment such as an evaluation board, this level of
isolation is sufficient. However, in a digital system
environment where it is more difficult to minimize noise on
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NB4N441
S_CLOCK
P4 P3
S_DATA
P2
P1
P0
N2
N1
N0
M9 M8 M7
First
Bit
S_LOAD
M1
M0
Last
Bit
Figure 5. Serial Interface Timing Diagram
S_DATA
S_CLOCK
tHOLD
tSETUP
Figure 6. Setup and Hold
S_DATA
S_LOAD
M2
tHOLD
tSETUP
Figure 7. Setup and Hold
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18 Bits
NB4N441
Jitter Performance
or cycle−to−cycle. If the scope is set up to trigger on every
rising or falling edge, set to infinite persistence mode and
allowed to trace sufficient cycles, it is possible to determine
the maximum and minimum periods of the timing signal.
Digital scopes can accumulate a large number of cycles,
create a histogram of the edge placements and record
peak−to−peak as well as standard deviations of the jitter.
Care must be taken that the measured edge is the edge
immediately following the trigger edge. These scopes can
also store a finite number of period durations and
post−processing software can analyze the data to find the
maximum and minimum periods.
Recent hardware and software developments have
resulted in advanced jitter measurement techniques. The
Tektronix TDS−series oscilloscopes have superb jitter
analysis capabilities on non−contiguous clocks with their
histogram and statistics capabilities. The Tektronix
TDSJIT2/3 Jitter Analysis software provides many key
timing parameter measurements and will extend that
capability by making jitter measurements on contiguous
clock and data cycles from single−shot acquisitions.
M1 by Amherst was used as well and both test methods
correlated.
Long−Term Period Jitter is the maximum jitter
observed at the end of a period’s edge when compared to the
position of the perfect reference clock’s edge and is specified
by the number of cycles over which the jitter is measured.
The number of cycles used to look for the maximum jitter
varies by application but the JEDEC spec is
10,000 observed cycles.
The NBC4N441 exhibit long term and cycle−to−cycle
jitter, which rivals that of SAW based oscillators. This jitter
performance comes with the added flexibility associated
with a synthesizer over a fixed frequency oscillator. The
jitter data presented should provide users with enough
information to determine the effect on their overall timing
budget. The jitter performance meets the needs of most
system designs while adding the flexibility of frequency
margining and field upgrades. These features are not
available with a fixed frequency SAW oscillator.
Jitter is a common parameter associated with clock
generation and distribution. Clock jitter can be defined as the
deviation in a clock’s output transition from its
ideal position.
Cycle−to−Cycle Jitter (short−term) is the period
variation between two adjacent cycles over a defined
number of observed cycles. The number of cycles observed
is application dependent but the JEDEC specification is
1000 cycles.
T0
T1
TJITTER(cycle−cycle) = T1 − T0
Figure 8. Cycle−to−Cycle Jitter
RMS
or one
Sigma
Jitter
Time
Typical
Gaussian
Distribution
Peak−to−Peak Jitter (8 s)
Jitter Amplitude
Peak−to−Peak Jitter is the difference between the
highest and lowest acquired value and is represented as the
width of the Gaussian base.
Figure 9. Peak−to−Peak Jitter
There are different ways to measure jitter and often they
are confused with one another. The typical method of
measuring jitter is to look at the timing signal with an
oscilloscope and observe the variations in period−to−period
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NB4N441
Zo = 50 W
Q
D
Receiver
Device
Driver
Device
Q
D
Zo = 50 W
50 W
50 W
VTT
VTT = VCC − 2.0 V
Figure 10. Typical Termination for Output Driver and Device Evaluation
(See Application Note AND8020/D − Termination of ECL Logic Devices.)
ORDERING INFORMATION
Package
Shipping†
NB4N441MNG
QFN−24
(Pb−Free)
92 Units / Rail
NB4N441MNR2G
QFN−24
(Pb−Free)
3000 / Tape & Reel
Device
†For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging
Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D.
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NB4N441
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
QFN 24
MN SUFFIX
24 PIN QFN, 4x4
CASE 485L−01
ISSUE O
D
A
PIN 1
IDENTIFICATION
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME
Y14.5M, 1994.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS.
3. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO PLATED TERMINAL
AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.25 AND 0.30 MM
FROM TERMINAL.
4. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED PAD
AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS.
B
E
DIM
A
A1
A2
A3
b
D
D2
E
E2
e
L
2X
0.15 C
2X
0.15 C
A2
0.10 C
A
0.08 C
A3
A1
SEATING
PLANE
REF
D2
C
e
L
7
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
0.80
1.00
0.00
0.05
0.60
0.80
0.20 REF
0.23
0.28
4.00 BSC
2.70
2.90
4.00 BSC
2.70
2.90
0.50 BSC
0.35
0.45
12
6
13
E2
24X
b
1
0.10 C A B
18
24
19
e
0.05 C
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12
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NBN441/D