EN7256 D

Ordering number : EN7256A
LB11870
Monolithic Digital IC
For Polygonal Mirror Motors
http://onsemi.com
Three-Phase Brushless Motor Driver
Overview
The LB11870 is a three-phase brushless motor driver developed for driving the motors used with the polygonal
mirror in laser printers and plain paper copiers. It can implement, with a single IC chip, all the circuits required
for polygonal mirror drive, including speed control and driver functions. The LB11870 can implement motor drive
with minimal power loss due to its use of direct PWM drive.
Functions
• Three-phase bipolar drive
• Direct PWM drive
• Includes six high and low side diodes on chip.
• Output current control circuit
• PLL speed control circuit
• Phase lock detection output (with masking function)
• Includes current limiter, thermal protection, rotor constraint protection, and low-voltage protection circuits on chip.
• Deceleration type switching circuit (free running or reverse torque)
• PWM oscillator
• Power saving circuit
Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2013
May, 2013
62707 MS IM B8-9164 / 80102 AS (OT) No.7256-1/14
LB11870
Specifications
Absolute Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25°C
Parameter
Symbol
Supply voltage
VCC max
Output current
IO max
Conditions
Ratings
Unit
30
T ≤ 500ms *1
Allowable power dissipation 1
Pd max1
Independent IC
Allowable power dissipation 2
Pd max2
Mounted on a circuit board *2
V
2.3
A
0.85
W
1.72
W
Operating temperature
Topr
-20 to +80
°C
Storage temperature
Tstg
-55 to +150
°C
Note *1: Be sure to perform derating from the standard value by 20% or more before use.
Note *2: Mounted on a specified board: 114.3mm×76.1mm×1.6mm, glass epoxy
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating
Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability.
Allowable Operating Ranges at Ta = 25°C
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
Unit
Supply voltage range
VCC
9.5 to 28
V
5V constant voltage output current
IREG
0 to -20
mA
LD pin applied voltage
VLD
0 to 28
V
LD pin output current
ILD
0 to 15
mA
FGS pin applied voltage
VFG
0 to 28
V
FGS pin output current
IFG
0 to 10
mA
Electrical Characteristics at Ta = 25°C, VCC = VM = 24V
Parameter
Symbol
Supply current 1
ICC1
Supply current 2
ICC2
Conditions
Ratings
min
typ
In stop mode
unit
max
16
21
mA
3.5
5.0
mA
5.0
5.35
V
80
130
mV
10
60
[5V constant voltage output circuit]
Output voltage
VREG
4.65
Voltage regulation
ΔVREG1
Load regulation
ΔVREG2
VCC=9.5 to 28V
IO=-5 to -20mA
Temperature coefficient
ΔVREG3
Design target value*
VO sat1
VO sat2
IO leak
IO=0.5A, VO(SINK)+VO(SOURCE)
1.9
2.4
IO=1.2A, VO(SINK)+VO(SOURCE)
2.6
3.2
V
100
μA
0
mV
mV/°C
[Output Block]
Output saturation voltage 1
Output saturation voltage 2
Output leakage current
V
Lower diode forward voltage 1
VD1-1
ID=-0.5A
1.0
1.3
V
Lower diode forward voltage 2
VD1-2
ID=-1.2A
1.4
1.8
V
Upper diode forward voltage 1
VD2-1
ID=0.5A
1.2
1.6
V
Upper diode forward voltage 2
VD2-2
ID=1.2A
1.9
2.4
V
[Hall Amplifier Block]
Input bias current
Common-mode input voltage range
IHB
-2
VICM
0
VREG-2.0
80
Hall input sensitivity
Input voltage: Low to high
ΔVIN(HA)
VSLH
Input voltage: High to low
VSHL
Hysteresis width
μA
-0.5
15
V
mVp-p
24
42
mV
12
mV
-12
mV
[FG Schmitt Block]
μA
IB(FGS)
-2
Common-mode input voltage range
VICM(FGS)
0
Input sensitivity
80
Hysteresis width
VIN(FGS)
ΔVIN(FGS)
Input voltage: Low to high
VSLH(FGS)
12
mV
Input voltage: High to low
VSHL(FGS)
-12
mV
Input bias current
*: These value are design guarantee values, and are not tested.
15
-0.5
VREG-2.0
V
mVp-p
24
42
mV
Continued on next page.
No.7256-2/14
LB11870
Continued from preceding page.
Parameter
Symbol
Ratings
Conditions
min
unit
typ
max
[PWM Oscillator]
High-level output voltage
VOH(PWM)
2.65
2.95
3.25
V
Low-level output voltage
VOL(PWM)
0.9
1.2
1.5
V
External capacitor charge
ICHG
-60
-45
-30
μA
VPWM=2V
current
Oscillator frequency
f(PWM)
Amplitude
V(PWM)
C=680pF
34
1.45
kHz
1.75
2.05
Vp-p
0.15
0.5
V
10
μA
3.8
V
[FGS Output]
Output saturation voltage
VOL(FGS)
IFGS=7mA
Output leakage current
IL(FGS)
VO=VCC
[CSD Oscillator Circuit]
High-level output voltage
VOH(CSD)
Low-level output voltage
3.2
3.5
VOL(CSD)
0.9
1.1
1.3
V
Amplitude
V(CSD)
2.15
2.4
2.65
Vp-p
External capacitor charge
ICHG1
-13.5
-9.5
-5.5
μA
ICHG2
6
10
14
μA
current
External capacitor charge
current
f(CSD)
C=0.068μF
High-level output voltage
VPDH
IOH=-100μA
Low-level output voltage
VPDL
IOL=100μA
Output source current
IPD+
VPD=VREG/2
Output sink current
IPD-
VPD=VREG/2
Oscillator frequency
29
Hz
[Phase Comparator Output]
VREG-0.2
VREG-0.1
0.2
V
0.3
-0.5
1.5
V
mA
mA
[Lock Detection Output]
Output saturation voltage
Output leakage current
VOL(LD)
IL(LD)
0.15
0.5
V
10
μA
-10
10
mV
-1
1
μA
0.9
1.2
V
-5%
VREG/2
5%
V
0.4
0.5
0.6
deg
ILD=10mA
VO=VCC
[Error Amplifier Block]
Input offset voltage
Input bias current
VIO(ER)
Output H level voltage
VOH(ER)
Output L level current
VOL(ER)
DC bias level
Design target value*
IB(ER)
IOH=-500μA
VREG-1.2
IOL=500μA
VB(ER)
VREG-0.9
V
[Current limiter Circuit]
Drive gain 1
GDF1
Drive gain 2
GDF2
Limiter voltage
VRF
When the phase is locked
0.8
1.0
1.2
deg
VCC-VM
0.45
0.5
0.55
V
Design target value*
150
175
°C
40
°C
When not locked
[Thermal Shutdown Operation]
Thermal shutdown operating
TSD
temperature
Hysteresis width
(junction temperature)
ΔTSD
Design target value*
(junction temperature)
[Low-Voltage Protection]
Operating voltage
Hysteresis width
VSD
8.1
8.45
8.9
V
ΔVSD
0.2
0.35
0.5
V
*: These value are design guarantee values, and are not tested.
Continued on next page.
No.7256-3/14
LB11870
Continued from preceding page.
Parameter
Symbol
Ratings
Conditions
min
unit
typ
max
[CLD Circuit]
-6
-4.3
-3
μA
VH(CLD)
3.25
3.5
3.75
V
External input frequency
fI(CLK)
0.1
10
High-level input voltage
VIH(CLK)
3.5
VREG
V
Low-level input voltage
VIL(CLK)
0
1.5
V
Input open voltage
VIO(CLK)
VREG-0.5
VREG
V
Hysteresis width
VIS(CLK)
High-level input current
IIH(CLK)
VCLK=VREG
Low-level input current
IIL(CLK)
VCLK=0V
External capacitor charge
ICLD
current
Operating voltage
[CLK Pin]
kHz
0.35
0.5
0.65
V
-10
0
10
μA
-280
-210
μA
[S/S Pin]
High-level input voltage
VIH(SS)
3.5
VREG
V
Low-level input voltage
VIL(SS)
0
1.5
V
Input open voltage
VIO(SS)
VREG-0.5
VREG
V
Hysteresis width
VIS(SS)
High-level input current
IIH(SS)
VS/S=VREG
Low-level input current
IIL(SS)
VS/S=0V
0.35
0.5
0.65
V
-10
0
10
μA
-280
-210
μA
[BRSEL Pin]
High-level input voltage
VIH(BRSEL)
3.5
VREG
V
Low-level input voltage
VIL(BRSEL)
0
1.5
V
Input open voltage
VIO(BRSEL)
High-level input current
IIH(BRSEL)
VBRSEL=VREG
Low-level input current
IIL(BRSEL)
VBRSEL=0V
VREG-0.5
-10
0
-220
-160
VREG
V
10
μA
μA
Package Dimensions
unit : mm (typ)
3278
Pd max - Ta
17.8
2.0
(6.2)
48
24
1.3
0.65
0.2
0.2
1.6
1.2
Independent IC
0.85W
0.963W
0.8
0.476W
0.4
2.4 max
(2.2)
(0.45)
Power dissipation, Pd max - W
0.65
7.9
10.5
(4.9)
25
1
Mounted on a board
(114.3 × 76.1 × 1.6mm, glass epoxy)
1.72W
0
-20
0
20
40
60
1.5
80
100
ILB01545
0.1
Ambient temperature, Ta - °C
SANYO : HSSOP48(375mil)
No.7256-4/14
LB11870
NC
NC
LD
FGS
CLD
CSD
FGFIL
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
FC
NC
PD
EI
EO
TOC
37
NC
VM1
38
S/S
VM2
39
PWM
VCC2
40
CLK
VCC1
41
GND2
NC
42
BRSEL
NC
43
GND1
NC
44
PH
GND3
45
FGIN–
NC
46
VREG
OUT3
47
FGIN+
NC
48
FRAME
NC
Pin Assignment
7
NC
OUT1
NC
NC
IN3+
NC
8
9
10
11
12
FRAME
6
IN1–
5
IN1+
4
IN2–
3
IN2+
2
IN3–
1
OUT2
LB11870
Three-Phase Logic Truth Table (IN = [H] indicates a condition in which: IN+ > IN–)
IN1
IN2
IN3
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
H
L
H
H
L
L
L
H
M
L
M
H
H
L
M
H
L
H
M
L
H
L
H
L
L
H
H
H
M
L
L
L
H
M
H
L
No.7256-5/14
LB11870
Block Diagram and Application Circuit Example
VREG
FGFIL
VREG
FGS
CLD
LD
PD
FGIN–
FGIN+
LD
–
LDMASK
FG
FILTER
+
EI
VREG
–
EO
+
CLK
PLL
CLK
TOC
TSD
VREG
PWM
PWM
S/S
CONT
COMP
OSC
VREG
FC
AMP
S/S
PH
PEAK
HOLD
VCC
VCC2
BRSEL
BRSEL
CURR
LOGIC
LIM
CSD
CSD
OSC
VCC1
VM2
Rf
VM1
COUNT
OUT1
HALL LOGIC
DRIVER
OUT2
HALL
HYS AMP
IN1+ IN1–
IN2+ IN2–
IN3+ IN3–
OUT3
GND1 GND2
GND3
VREG
No.7256-6/14
LB11870
Pin Functions
Pin No.
Symbol
3
OUT1
1
OUT2
46
OUT3
44
GND3
Pin Description
Equivalent Circuit
Motor drive output
39
VCC1
38
300Ω
Output block ground
37
37
VM1
Output block power supply and current
38
VM2
detection.
Insert the resistor Rf between this pin and
1
VCC1.
The output current will be limited to the current
3
46
value
IOUT = VRF/Rf.
39
VCC2
Upper diode cathode connection. Short this pin
44
to VCC1.
11
IN1+
12
IN1-
Hall element inputs.
The high state is when IN+ is greater than IN-,
9
IN2+
and the low state is the reverse.
10
IN2-
An amplitude of at least 100mVp-p (differential)
6
IN3+
is desirable for the Hall element signal inputs. If
8
IN3-
noise on the Hall signals is a problem, insert
capacitors between the IN+ and IN- inputs.
13
14
FGIN+
FGIN-
VREG
300Ω
300Ω
6
9
11
FG input.
8
10
12
VREG
If noise on the FG signal input is a problem,
connect a filter consisting of either a capacitor
or a capacitor and a resistor.
300Ω
300Ω
13
15
GND1
Control circuit block ground
16
GND2
SUBGND pin
17
PWM
Sets the PWM oscillator frequency.
14
VREG
Insert a capacitor between this pin and ground.
The PWM oscillator frequency is set to about
34kHz when a 680pF capacitor is used.
200Ω
2kΩ
17
Continued on next page.
No.7256-7/14
LB11870
Continued from preceding page.
Pin No.
Symbol
19
FC
Pin Description
Frequency characteristics correction for the
Equivalent Circuit
VREG
current control circuit.
Insert a capacitor (about 0.01 to 0.1μF)
between this pin and ground.
The output duty is determined by comparing
the voltage on this pin to the PWM oscillator
waveform.
300Ω
19
21
PD
Phase comparator output.
VREG
The phase error is converted to a pulse duty
and output from this pin.
300Ω
21
22
EI
Error amplifier input.
VREG
300Ω
22
23
EO
Error amplifier output.
VREG
40kΩ
23
24
TOC
Torque command voltage input.
VREG
This pin is normally connected to the EO pin.
When the TOC voltage falls, the lower output
transistor on duty is increased.
300Ω
24
Continued on next page.
No.7256-8/14
LB11870
Continued from preceding page.
Pin No.
Symbol
25
FGFIL
Pin Description
Equivalent Circuit
FG filter connection.
VREG
If noise on the FG signal input is a problem,
insert a capacitor (up to about 2200pF)
between this pin and ground.
25
26
CSD
Sets the rotor constraint protection circuit
VREG
operating time and the initial reset pulse.
A protection operating time of about 8 seconds
can be set by insert a capacitor of about
0.068μF between this pin and ground. If the
rotor constraint protection circuit is not used,
insert a resistor and a capacitor in parallel
300Ω
between this pin and ground. (Values: about
26
220kΩ and 4700pF)
27
CLD
Sets the phase lock state signal mask time.
VREG
A mask time of about 90ms can be set by
inserting a capacitor of about 0.1μF between
this pin and ground.
Leave this pin open if masking is not required.
300Ω
27
28
FGS
FG Schmitt output.
VREG
28
29
LD
Phase lock state detection output.
VREG
This output goes to the on state (low level)
when the phase is locked.
29
Continued on next page.
No.7256-9/14
LB11870
Continued from preceding page.
Pin No.
Symbol
32
S/S
Pin Description
Start/stop control input.
Equivalent Circuit
VREG
Low: 0 to 1.5V
High: 3.5V to VREG
Hysteresis: 0.5V
22kΩ
Low: start.
This pin goes to the high level when open.
2kΩ
32
33
CLK
Clock input.
VREG
Low: 0 to 1.5V
High: 3.5V to VREG
Hysteresis: 0.5V
22kΩ
fCLK = 10kHz (maximum)
If noise is a problem, use a capacitor to remove
that noise at this input.
2kΩ
33
34
BRSEL
Deceleration switching control input.
VREG
Low: 0 to 1.5V
High: 3.5V to VREG
This pin goes to the high level when open.
30kΩ
Low: reverse torque control, High: free running.
An external Schottky barrier diode is required
on the output low side if reverse torque control
2kΩ
is used.
34
35
PH
RF waveform smoothing.
VREG
If noise on the RF waveform is a problem,
insert a capacitor between this pin and ground.
500Ω
35
Continued on next page.
No.7256-10/14
LB11870
Continued from preceding page.
Pin No.
Symbol
36
VREG
Pin Description
Stabilized power supply output (5V output).
Equivalent Circuit
VCC
Insert a capacitor of about 0.1μF between this
pin and ground for stabilization.
36
40
VCC1
Power supply.
Insert a capacitor of at least 10µF between this
pin and ground to prevent noise from entering
the IC.
2, 4, 5
NC
Since these pins are not connected to the IC
7, 18
internally, they can be used for wiring
20, 30
connections.
31, 41
42, 43
45, 47
48
FRAME
Connect this pin to ground.
Overview of the LB11870
1. Speed Control Circuit
This IC adopts a PLL speed control technique and provides stable motor operation with high precision and low jitter.
This PLL circuit compares the phase error at the edges of the CLK signal (falling edges) and FG signal (falling edges
on the FGIN+ and FGS signals), and the IC uses the detected error to control motor speed.
During this control operation, the FG servo frequency will be the same as the CLK frequency.
fFG (servo) = fCLK
2. Output Drive Circuit
To minimize power loss in the output circuits, this IC adopts a direct PWM drive technique. The output transistors
are always saturated when on, and the IC adjusts the motor drive output by changing the output on duty. The low side
output transistor is used for the output PWM switching.
Both the high and low side output diodes are integrated in the IC. However, if reverse torque control mode is selected
for use during deceleration, or if a large output current is used and problems occur (such as incorrect operation or
waveform disruption due to low side kickback), a Schottky diode should be inserted between OUT and ground. Also,
if it is necessary to reduce IC heating during steady-state (constant speed) operation, it may be effective to insert a
Schottky diode between VCC and OUT. (This is effective because the load associated with the regenerative current
during PWM switching is born not by the on-chip diode but by the external diode.)
3. Current Limiter Circuit
The current limiter circuit limits the peak level of the current to a level determined by I = VRF/Rf (where VRF =
0.5V (typical) and Rf is the value of the current detection resistor). The current limiter operates by reducing the
output on duty to suppress the current.
The current limiter circuit detects the reverse recovery current of the diode due to PWM operation. To assure that the
current limiting function does not malfunction, its operation has a delay of about 2μs. If the motor coils have a low
resistance or a low inductance, current fluctuations at startup (when there is no reactive power in the motor) will be
rapid. The delay in this circuit means that at such times the current limiter circuit may operate at a point well above
the set current. Designers must take this increase in the current due to the delay into account when setting the current
limiter value.
No.7256-11/14
LB11870
4. Power Saving Circuit
This IC goes into a power saving state that reduces the current drain in the stop state. The power saving state is
implemented by removing the bias current from most of the circuits in the IC. However, the 5V regulator output is
provided in the power saving state.
5. Reference Clock
Care must be taken to assure that no chattering or other noise is present on the externally input clock signal.
Although the input circuit does have hysteresis, if problems do occur, the noise must be excluded with a capacitor.
If the IC is set to the start state when the reference clock signal is not present, if the rotor constraint protection circuit
is used, the motor will turn somewhat and then motor drive will be shut off. However, if the rotor constraint
protection circuit is not used, and furthermore reverse torque control mode is selected for deceleration, the motor will
be driven at ever increasing speed in the reverse direction. (This is because the rotor constraint protection circuit
oscillator signal is used for clock cutoff protection.) Applications must implement a workaround for this problem if
there is any possibility whatsoever for it to occur.
6. Notes on the PWM Frequency
The PWM frequency is determined by the value of the capacitor C (in F) connected to the PWM pin.
fPWM ≈ 1 / (43000 × C)
If a 680pF capacitor is used, the circuit will oscillate at about 34kHz. If the PWM frequency is too low, the motor
will emit switching noise, and if it is too high, the power loss in the output will be excessive. A PWM frequency in
the range 15 to 50kHz is desirable. To minimize the influence of the output on this circuit, the ground lead of this
capacitor should be connected as close as possible to the IC control system ground (the GND1 pin).
7. Hall Input Signals
Signals with an amplitude in excess of the hysteresis (42mV maximum) must be provided as the Hall input signals.
However, an amplitude of over 100mV is desirable to minimize the influence of noise. If the output waveforms are
disturbed (at phase switching) due to noise on the Hall inputs, insert capacitors across these inputs.
8. FG Input Signal
Normally, one phase of the Hall signals is input as the FG signal. If noise is a problem the input must be filtered with
either a capacitor or an RC filter circuit. Although it is also possible to remove FG signal noise by inserting a
capacitor between the FGFIL pin and ground, the IC may not be able to operate correctly if this signal is damped
excessively. If this capacitor is used, its value must be less than about 2200pF. If the location of this capacitor's
ground lead is inappropriate, it may, inversely, make noise problems even more likely to occur. Thus the ground lead
location must be chosen carefully.
9. Rotor Constraint Protection Circuit
This IC provides a rotor constraint protection circuit to protect the IC itself and the motor when the motor is
constrained. If the LD output is high (unlocked) for over a certain fixed period with the IC in the start state, the low
side transistor will be turned off. The time constant is determined by the capacitor connected to the CSD pin.
<time constant (in seconds)> ≈ 120 × C (μF)
If a 0.068μF capacitor is used, the protection time will be about 8 seconds. The set time must be selected to have an
adequate margin with respect to the motor startup time. This protection circuit will not operate during deceleration
when the clock frequency is switched. To clear the rotor constraint protection state, the IC must be set to the stopped
state or the power must be turned off and reapplied.
Since the CSD pin also functions as the initial reset pulse generation pin at startup, the logic circuit will go to the
reset state and the IC will not be able to function if this pin is connected to ground. Therefore, both a 220kΩ resistor
and a 4700pF capacitor must be inserted between this pin and ground if the rotor constraint protection circuit is not
used.
No.7256-12/14
LB11870
10. Phase Lock Signal
(1) Phase lock range
Since this IC does not include a counter or similar functionality in the speed control system, the speed error range
in the phase locked state cannot be determined solely by IC characteristics. (This is because the acceleration of
the changes in the FG frequency influences the range.) When it is necessary to stipulate this characteristic for the
motor, the designer must determine this by measuring the actual motor state. Since speed errors occur easily in
states where the FG acceleration is large, it is thought that the speed errors will be the largest during lock pull-in
at startup and when unlocked due to switching clock frequencies.
(2) Masking function for the phase lock state signal
A stable lock signal can be provided by masking the short-term low-level signals due to hunting during lock
pullin. However, this results in the lock state signal output being delayed by the masking time.
The masking time is determined by the capacitor inserted between the CLD pin and ground.
<masking time (seconds)> ≈ 0.9 × C (μF)
When a 0.1μF capacitor is used, the masking time will be about 90ms. In cases where complete masking is
required, a masking time with fully adequate margin must be used. If no masking is required, leave the CLD pin
open.
11. Power Supply Stabilization
Since this IC provides a large output current and adopts a switching drive technique, the power supply line level can
be disrupted easily. Thus capacitors large enough to stabilize the power supply voltage must be inserted between the
VCC pins and ground. The ground leads of these capacitors must be connected to the three pins that are the power
grounds, and they must be connected as close as possible to the pins themselves. If these capacitors (electrolytic
capacitors) cannot be connected close to their corresponding pins, ceramic capacitors of about 0.1μF must be
connected near these pins.
If reverse torque control mode is selected for use during deceleration, since there are states where power is returned
to the power supply system, the power supply line levels will be particularly easily disrupted. Since the power line
level is most easily disrupted during lock pull-in at high motor speeds, this state needs extra attention; in particular,
capacitors that are adequately large to handle this situation must be selected.
If diodes are inserted in the power supply lines to prevent destruction of the device if the power supply is connected
with reverse polarity, the power supply line levels will be even more easily disrupted, and even larger capacitors
must be used.
12. VREG Stabilization
A capacitor of at least 0.1μF must be used to stabilize the VREG voltage, which is the control circuit power supply.
The ground lead of that capacitor must be connected as close as possible to the IC control system ground (GND1).
13. Error Amplifier External Component Values
To prevent adverse influence from noise, the error amplifier external components must be located as close to the IC
as possible. In particular, they must be located as far from the motor as possible.
14. FRAME Pin and the IC Metallic Rear Surface
The FRAME pin must be connected to the GND1 and GND2 pins, and the ground side of the electrolytic capacitor
must be connected to GND3. The IC's metallic rear surface is connected to the FRAME pin internally to the IC.
Thermal dissipation can be improved significantly by tightly bonding the metallic surface of the back of the IC
package to the PCB with, for example, a solder with good thermal conductivity.
No.7256-13/14
LB11870
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PS No.7256-14/14