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1-888-IN
DATASHEET
TFT-LCD Supply + DCP + VCOM Amplifier + Gate Pulse
Modulator + RESET
ISL97649B
Features
The ISL97649B is an integrated power management IC (PMIC)
for TFT-LCDs used in notebooks, tablet PCs, and monitors. The
device integrates a boost converter for generating AVDD. VON
and VOFF are generated by a charge pump driven by the
switching node of the boost. The ISL97649B also includes a
VON slice circuit, reset function, and a high performance VCOM
amplifier with DCP (Digitally Controlled Potentiometer) that is
used as a VCOM calibrator.
• 2.5V to 5.5V input
• 1.5A, 0.18Ω integrated boost FET
• VON /VOFF supplies generated by charge pumps driven by
boost switch node
• 600/1200kHz selectable switching frequency
• Integrated gate pulse modulator
• Reset signal generated by supply monitor
The AVDD boost converter features a 1.5A /0.18Ω boost FET with
600/1200kHz switching frequency. The gate pulse modulator
can control gate voltage up to 30V, and both the rate and slew
delay time are selectable. The supply monitor generates a
reset signal when the system is powered down.
• Integrated VCOM amplifier
• DCP
- I2C serial interface, address:100111, msb left
- Wiper position stored in 8-bit nonvolatile memory and
recalled on power-up
- Endurance, 1,000 data changes per bit
• UVLO, UVP, OVP, OCP, and OTP protection
The ISL97649B provides a programmable VCOM with I2C
interface. One VCOM amplifier is also integrated in the chip. The
output of VCOM is power-up with voltage at the last programmed
8-bit EEPROM setting.
• Pb-free (RoHS compliant)
• 28 Ld 4X5 QFN
Applications
• LCD notebook, tablet, and monitor
Pin Configuration
EN
LX
VIN
FREQ
COMP
SS
ISL97649B
(28 LD 4X5 QFN)
TOP VIEW
28
27
26
25
24
23
FB
1
22
NC
PGND
2
21
CD2
CE
3
20
NC
RE
4
19
RESET
VGH
5
18
NC
VGHM
6
17
VDIV
VFLK
7
16
NEG
VDPM
8
15 VOUT
June 27, 2013
FN7927.2
1
10
11
12
13
14
SCL
SDA
POS
RSET
GPM_LO
9
AVDD
GND
THERMAL
PAD
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Copyright Intersil Americas LLC 2011-2013. All Rights Reserved
Intersil (and design) is a trademark owned by Intersil Corporation or one of its subsidiaries.
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
ISL97649B
Application Diagram
VIN
L1 10µH
C1,2
20µF
VIN
VIN
AVDD BOOST
CONTROLLER
EN
SS
FREQ SEQUENCER
PGND
C7
0.1µF AVDD
SW
LX
C32
0.1µF
AVDD
C4,5,6
30µF
D1
R1
73.2k
R2 8.06k
FB
COMP
R12 5.5k C20 15nF
D4
C11
0.1µF
C15
1µF
Q1
R6 1k
VOFF
Z1
C16
1µF
SW
AVDD
C8
47nF
C10
47nF
VON
VFLK
VGH
VDPM
SCL
SDA
RSET
POS
R9
10k
133k
R8
AVDD
C19
0.47µF
VCOM
GPM
DCP
CE
D2
C9
1µF
C17 1nF
C14 100pF
C28
0.1µF
RE
VGHM
VGH GPM
R5 100k
R22 22k
GPM_LO
R7
83k
AVDD
OUT
NEG
VDIV
VCOM OP
VOLTAGE
DETECTOR
CD2
RESET
THERMAL PAD
C12
1µF
D3
C18
0.47µF
R14 85k
R26 100k
AVDD
VGH
Vin
OPEN
R15 115k
C26 1nF
RESET
R16
10k
VLOGIC
Pin Descriptions
PIN#
SYMBOL
DESCRIPTION
1
FB
2
PGND
3
CE
Gate Pulse Modulator delay control. Connect a capacitor between this pin and GND to set the delay time.
4
RE
Gate Pulse Modulator slew control. Connect a resistor between this pin and GND to set the falling slew rate.
5
VGH
6
VGHM
Gate Pulse Modulator output for gate drive IC.
7
VFLK
Gate Pulse Modulator control input from TCON.
8
VDPM
Gate Pulse Modulator enable. Connect a capacitor from VDPM to GND to set the delay time before GPM is enabled. A current
source charges the capacitor on VDPM.
9
GPM_LO
10
AVDD
11
SCL
AVDD boost converter feedback. Connect to the center of a voltage divider between AVDD and GND to set the AVDD voltage.
Power ground
Gate Pulse Modulator high voltage input. Place a 0.1µF decoupling capacitor close to VGH pin.
Gate Pulse Modulator low voltage input. Place a 0.47µF decoupling capacitor close to GPM_LO pin.
DCP and VCOM amplifier high voltage analog supply. Place a 0.47µF decoupling capacitor close to AVDD pin.
I2C compatible clock input
2
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Pin Descriptions
PIN#
(Continued)
SYMBOL
DESCRIPTION
12
SDA
I2C compatible serial bidirectional data line
13
POS
VCOM amplifier non-inverting input
14
RSET
DCP sink current adjustment pin. Connect a resistor between this pin and GND to set the resolution of DCP output voltage.
15
VOUT
VCOM amplifier output
16
NEG
VCOM amplifier inverting input
17
VDIV
Voltage detector threshold. Connect to the center of a resistive divider between VIN and GND.
18
NC
19
RESET
20
NC
Not connected
21
CD2
Voltage detector rising edge delay. Connect a capacitor between this pin and GND to set the rising edge delay.
22
NC
Not connected
23
SS
Boost converter soft-start. Connect a capacitor between this pin and GND to set the soft-start time.
24
COMP
Boost converter compensation pin. Connect a series resistor and capacitor between this pin and GND to optimize transient
response and stability.
25
FREQ
Boost converter frequency select. Pull to logic high to operate boost at 1.2MHz. Connect this pin to GND to operate boost at
600kHz.
26
VIN
IC input supply. Connect a 0.1µF decoupling capacitor close to this pin.
27
LX
AVDD boost converter switching node
28
EN
AVDD enable pin
Not connected
Voltage detector reset output
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER
(Notes 1, 2, 3)
PART
MARKING
VIN RANGE
(V)
TEMP RANGE
(°C)
ISL97649BIRZ
97649 BIRZ
2.5 to 5.5
-40 to +85
ISL97649BIRTZ-EVALZ
Evaluation Board
PACKAGE
(Pb-free)
28 Ld 4x5 QFN
PKG.
DWG. #
L28.4x5A
NOTES:
1. Add “-T*” suffix for tape and reel. Please refer to TB347 for details on reel specifications.
2. These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets, molding compounds/die attach materials, and 100% matte
tin plate plus anneal (e3 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations). Intersil
Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
3. For Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL), please see device information page for ISL97649B. For more information on MSL please see Tech Brief TB363.
3
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
RE, VGHM, GPM_LO, and VGH to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3 to +36V
LX, AVDD, POS, NEG, VOUT to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3 to +18V
Voltage Between GND and PGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±0.5V
All Other Pins to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3 to +6.0V
ESD Rating
Human Body Model (Tested per JESD22-A114E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2kV
Machine Model (Tested per JESD22-A115-A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200V
Charged Device Model (Tested per JESD22-C101). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1kV
Thermal Resistance
JA (°C/W) JC (°C/W)
4 x 5 QFN Package (Notes 4, 5) . . . . . . . . .
38
4.5
Ambient Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40°C to +85°C
Functional Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +150°C
Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature during Soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +260°C
Pb-Free Reflow Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . see link below
http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp
Recommended Operating Conditions
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40°C to +85°C
Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5V to 5.5V
CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product
reliability and result in failures not covered by warranty.
NOTES:
4. JA is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with “direct attach” features. See Tech
Brief TB379.
5. For JC, the “case temp” location is the center of the exposed metal pad on the package underside.
Electrical Specifications
temperature range, -40°C to +85°C.
SYMBOL
VIN = ENABLE = 3.3V, AVDD = 8V, VON = 24V, VOFF = -6V. Boldface limits apply over the operating
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(Note 6)
TYP
(Note 7)
MAX
(Note 6)
UNITS
2.5
3.3
5.5
V
GENERAL
VIN
IS_DIS
VIN Supply Voltage Range
VIN Supply Currents when Disabled
VIN<UVLO
390
500
µA
IS
VIN Supply Currents
ENABLE = 3.3V, overdrive AVDD and
VGH
0.7
1.0
mA
IENABLE
ENABLE Pin Current
ENABLE = 0V
0
µA
LOGIC INPUT CHARACTERISTICS - ENABLE, FLK, SCL, SDA, FREQ
VIL
Low Voltage Threshold
VIH
High Voltage Threshold
RIL
Pull-Down Resistor
0.65
1.75
V
V
Enable, FLK, FREQ
0.85
1.25
1.65
MΩ
FREQ = low, TA = 25°C
550
600
650
kHz
FREQ = high, TA = 25°C
1100
1200
1300
kHz
INTERNAL OSCILLATOR
FOSC
Switching Frequencies
AVDD BOOST REGULATOR
AVDD/
IOUT
AVDD Load Regulation
50mA < ILOAD < 250mA
0.2
%
AVDD/
VIN
AVDD Line Regulation
ILOAD = 150mA, 2.5V < VIN < 5.5V
0.15
%
VFB
Feedback Voltage (VFB)
ILOAD = 100mA, TA = +25°C
IFB
FB Input Bias Current
rDS(ON)
Switch ON-resistance
ILIM
Switch Current Limit
DMAX
Max Duty Cycle
Freq = 1.2MHz, IAVDD = 100mA
4
0.8
0.808
100
nA
180
230
mΩ
1.125
1.5
1.875
A
80
90
%
91
%
TA = +25°C
Freq = 1.2MHz
EFF
0.792
V
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Electrical Specifications VIN = ENABLE = 3.3V, AVDD = 8V, VON = 24V, VOFF = -6V. Boldface limits apply over the operating
temperature range, -40°C to +85°C. (Continued)
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(Note 6)
TYP
(Note 7)
MAX
(Note 6)
UNITS
33
V
1.30
V
GATE PULSE MODULATOR
VGH
VIH_VDPM
IVGH
VGH Voltage
7
VDPM Enable Threshold
VGH Input Current
1.13
1.215
VFLK = 0
125
µA
RE = 100k, VFLK = VIN
27.5
µA
VGPM_LO
GPM_LO Voltage
2
IGPM_LO
VGPM_LO Input Current
-2
VCEth1
VCEth2
VGH-2
V
0.1
2
µA
CE Threshold Voltage 1
0.6xVIN
0.8xVIN
V
CE Threshold Voltage 2
1.215
V
CE Current
100
µA
RVGHM_PD
VGHM Pull-down Resistance
1.1
kΩ
RONVGH
VGH to VGHM On Resistance
23
Ω
VDPM Charge Current
10
µA
ICE
IDPM
SUPPLY MONITOR
VIH_VDIV
VDIV High Threshold
VDIV rising
1.265
1.280
1.295
V
VIL_VDIV
VDIV Low Threshold
VDIV falling
1.21
1.222
1.234
V
VthCD2
CD2 Threshold Voltage
1.200
1.217
1.234
V
ICD2
RIL_RESET
CD2 Charge Current
10
µA
RESET Pull-down Resistance
650
Ω
121.7k*
CD
s
tDELAY_RESET RESET Delay on Rising Edge
VCOM AMPLIFIER: RLOAD = 10k, CLOAD = 10pF, UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED
IS_com
VOS
IB
VCOM Amplifier Supply Current
0.7
1.08
mA
Offset Voltage
2.5
15
mV
Noninverting Input Bias Current
0
nA
CMIR
Common Mode Input Voltage Range
0
CMRR
Common-mode Rejection Ratio
60
75
dB
PSRR
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
70
85
dB
IOUT(source) = 0.1mA
AVDD 1.39
mV
IOUT(source) = 75mA
AVDD 1.27
V
IOUT(sink) = 0.1mA
1.2
mV
IOUT(sink) = 75mA
1
V
VOH
VOL
ISC
Output Voltage Swing High
Output Voltage Swing Low
Output Short Circuit Current
SR
Slew Rate
BW
Gain Bandwidth
V
Pull-up
150
225
mA
Pull-down
150
200
mA
25
V/µs
20
MHz
-3dB gain point
5
AVDD
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Electrical Specifications VIN = ENABLE = 3.3V, AVDD = 8V, VON = 24V, VOFF = -6V. Boldface limits apply over the operating
temperature range, -40°C to +85°C. (Continued)
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(Note 6)
TYP
(Note 7)
MAX
(Note 6)
UNITS
DIGITAL CONTROLLED POTENTIOMETER
SETVR
SET Voltage Resolution (Note 12)
SETDNL
SET Differential Nonlinearity
(Notes 8, 9, 14)
TA = +25°C
-
-
±1
LSB
SETZSE
SET Zero-Scale Error (Note 10, 14)
TA = +25°C
-
-
±2
LSB
SETFSE
SET Full-Scale Error (Note 11, 14)
TA = +25°C
-
-
±8
LSB
100
µA
IRSET
AVDD to SET
8
Bits
RSET Current
-
AVDD to SET Voltage Attenuation
-
1:20
-
V/V
PVIN rising
2.25
2.33
2.41
V
PVIN falling
2.125
2.20
2.27
V
15.0
15.5
16.0
V
FAULT DETECTION THRESHOLD
VUVLO
OVPAVDD
TOFF
Undervoltage Lock-out Threshold
Boost Overvoltage Protection Off
Threshold to Shut Down IC (Note 13)
Thermal Shut-Down all channels
Temperature rising
153
°C
POWER SEQUENCE TIMING
ISS
Boost Soft-start Current
Serial Interface Specifications
3
5.5
8
µA
For SCL and SDA, unless otherwise noted. Boldface limits apply over the operating temperature
range, -40°C to +85°C.
SYMBOL
fSCL
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(Note 14)
TYP
(Note 7)
SCL Frequency (Note 6)
MAX
(Note 14)
UNITS
400
kHz
tiN
Pulse Width Suppression Time at SDA
and SCL Inputs (Note 6)
Any pulse narrower than the max spec is
suppressed.
50
ns
tAA
SCL Falling Edge to SDA Output Data
Valid
SCL falling edge crossing 30% of VIN, until
SDA exits the 30% to 70% of VIN window.
480
ns
tBUF
Time the Bus Must be Free Before the
Start of a New Transmission
SDA crossing 70% of VCC during a STOP
condition, to SDA crossing 70% of VIN during
the following START condition.
480
ns
tLOW
Clock LOW Time
Measured at 30% of VIN crossing.
480
ns
tHIGH
Clock HIGH Time
Measured at 70% of VIN crossing.
400
ns
tSU:STA
START Condition Set-up Time
SCL rising edge to SDA falling edge, both
crossing 70% of VIN.
480
ns
tHD:STA
START Condition Hold Time
From SDA falling edge crossing 30% of VIN to
SCL falling edge crossing 70% of VIN.
400
ns
tSU:DAT
Input Data Set-up Time
From SDA exiting 30% to 70% of VIN window
to SCL rising edge crossing 30% of VIN.
40
ns
tHD:DAT
Input Data Hold Time
From SCL rising edge crossing 70% of VIN to
SDA entering 30% to 70% of VIN window.
0
ns
tSU:STO
STOP Condition Set-up Time
From SCL rising edge crossing 70% of VIN to
SDA rising edge crossing 30% of VIN.
400
ns
tHD:STO
STOP Condition Hold Time for Read, or
Volatile Only Write
From SDA rising edge to SCL falling edge,
both crossing 70% of VIN.
400
ns
CSCL
Capacitive on SCL
5
6
pF
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Serial Interface Specifications
For SCL and SDA, unless otherwise noted. Boldface limits apply over the operating temperature
range, -40°C to +85°C. (Continued)
SYMBOL
CSDA
tWp
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(Note 14)
TYP
(Note 7)
MAX
(Note 14)
UNITS
Capacitive on SDA
5
pF
Non-Volatile Write Cycle Time
25
ms
EEPROM Endurance
TA= +25°C
1
kCyc
EEPROM Retention
TA = +25°C
88
kHrs
NOTES:
6. Parameters with MIN and/or MAX limits are 100% tested at +25C, unless otherwise specified. Temperature limits established by characterization
and are not production tested.
7. Typical values are for TA = +25°C and VIN = 3.3V.
8. LSB = I V255 - V1 I / 254. V255 and V1 are the measured voltages for the DCP register set to FF hex and 01 hex, respectively.
9. DNL = I Vi+1 - Vi I / LSB-1, i   1 255 
10. ZS error = (V1- VMAX)/LSB. VMAX = (VAVDD * R2) * [1-2 * R1/(256 * 20 * RSET)]/(R1 + R2)
11. FS error = (V255 - VMIN)/LSB. VMIN = (VAVDD * R2) * [1-256 * R1/(256 * 20 * RSET)]/(R1 + R2)
12. Established by design. Not a parametric spec.
13. Boost will stop switching as soon as boost output reaches OVP threshold.
14. Compliance to limits is assured by characterization and design.
7
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Typical Performance Curves
92
90
fOSC = 600kHz
LOAD REGULATION (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
0.00
fOSC = 1.2MHz
88
86
84
82
80
VIN = 3.3V
78
VOUT = 8.06V
76
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
-0.01
fOSC = 600kHz
fOSC = 1.2MHz
-0.02
-0.03
VIN = 3.3V
-0.04
50
VOUT = 8.06V
100
IAVDD (mA)
150
200
250
IAVDD (mA)
FIGURE 1. AVDD EFFICIENCY vs IAVDD
FIGURE 2. AVDD LOAD REGULATION vs IAVDD
L = 10µH, COUT = 40µF, CCOMP = 15nF, RCOMP = 5.5k
0.14
IAVDD = 150mA
0.12
AVDD (AC COUPLED)
AVDD (V)
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
IAVDD
0.02
0.00
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
VIN (V)
FIGURE 3. AVDD LINE REGULATION vs VIN
CE = 1pF, RE = 100k
VGHM
VFLK
FIGURE 4. BOOST CONVERTER TRANSIENT RESPONSE
VGHM
CE = 100pF, RE = 100k
VFLK
FIGURE 5. GPM CIRCUIT WAVEFORM
8
FIGURE 6. GPM CIRCUIT WAVEFORM
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Typical Performance Curves
(Continued)
CE = 10pF, RE = 50k
VGHM
VGHM
VGHM
CE = 10pF, RE = 150k
VFLK
VFLK
FIGURE 7. GPM CIRCUIT WAVEFORM
FIGURE 8. GPM CIRCUIT WAVEFORM
INPUT SIGNAL
VIN
OUTPUT SIGNAL
VGH
VGHM
FIGURE 9. VGHM FOLLOWS VGH WHEN THE SYSTEM POWERS OFF
9
FIGURE 10. VCOM RISING SLEW RATE
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Applications Information
The current through the MOSFET is limited to 1.5APEAK. This
restricts the maximum output current (average) based on
Equation 3:
Enable Control
With VIN > UVLO, all functions in ISL97649B are shut down when
the Enable pin is pulling down. When the voltage at the Enable
pin reaches H threshold, the whole ISL97649B is on.
Frequency Selection
The ISL97649B switching frequency can be user selected to
operate at either a constant 600kHz or 1.2MHz. Lower switching
frequency can save power dissipation when the boost load is very
low and the device is operating in deep discontinuous mode.
Higher switching frequency can allow the use of smaller external
components like inductors and output capacitors. Higher
switching frequency will get higher efficiency within some
loading ranges, depending on VIN, VOUT, and external
components, as shown in Figure 1. Connecting the FREQ pin to
GND sets the PWM switching frequency to 600kHz. Connecting
the FREQ pin to VIN sets the PWM switching frequency to
1.2MHz.
I L
V IN
I OMAX =  I LMT – --------  --------

2
VO
(EQ. 3)
where IL is peak-to-peak inductor ripple current, which is set by
Equation 4:
V IN D
I L = ---------  ---L
fs
(EQ. 4)
where fS is the switching frequency (600kHz or 1.2MHz).
Capacitor
An input capacitor is used to suppress the voltage ripple injected
into the boost converter. A ceramic capacitor with capacitance
larger than 10µF is recommended. The voltage rating of the
input capacitor should be larger than the maximum input
voltage. Table 1 shows some recommended input capacitors.
TABLE 1. BOOST CONVERTER INPUT CAPACITOR RECOMMENDATIONS
Soft-Start
CAPACITOR
SIZE
MFG
PART NUMBER
Soft-start is provided by an internal current source to charge the
external soft-start capacitor. The ISL97649B ramps up the
current limit from 0A to full value as voltage at the SS pin ramps
from 0 to 0.8V. Hence, the soft-start time is 3.2ms when the softstart capacitor is 22nF and is 6.8ms for 47nF and 14.5ms for
100nF.
10µF/6.3V
0603
TDK
C1608X5R0J106M
10µF/16V
1206
TDK
C3216X7R1C106M
10µF/10V
0805
Murata
GRM21BR61A106K
22µF/10V
1210
Murata
GRB32ER61A226K
Operation
Inductor
The boost converter is a current mode PWM converter operating
at either 600kHz or 1.2MHz. It can operate in both discontinuous
conduction mode (DCM) at light load and in continuous
conduction mode (CCM). In continuous conduction current mode,
current flows continuously in the inductor during the entire
switching cycle in steady-state operation. The voltage conversion
ratio in continuous current mode is given by Equation 1:
The boost inductor is a critical part that influences the output
voltage ripple, transient response, and efficiency. Values of
3.3µH to 10µH are used to match the internal slope
compensation. The inductor must be able to handle the average
and peak currents shown in Equation 5:
V Boost
1
------------------- = ------------1–D
V IN
I L
I LPK = I LAVG + -------2
(EQ. 1)
where D is the duty cycle of the switching MOSFET.
The boost regulator uses a summing amplifier architecture
consisting of gm stages for voltage feedback, current feedback,
and slope compensation. A comparator looks at the peak
inductor current, cycle by cycle, and terminates the PWM cycle if
the current limit is reached.
An external resistor divider is required to divide the output
voltage down to the nominal reference voltage. Current drawn by
the resistor network should be limited to maintain the overall
converter efficiency. The maximum value of the resistor network
is limited by the feedback input bias current and the potential for
noise being coupled into the feedback pin. A resistor network on
the order of 60k is recommended. The boost converter output
voltage is determined by Equation 2:
R1 + R2
V Boost = ---------------------  V FB
R2
(EQ. 2)
10
IO
I LAVG = ------------1–D
(EQ. 5)
Table 2 shows some recommended inductors for different design
considerations.
TABLE 2. BOOST INDUCTOR RECOMMENDATIONS
INDUCTOR
10µH/
4Apeak
DIMENSIONS
(mm)
MFG
PART
NUMBER
DESIGN
CONSIDERATION
8.3x8.3x4.5 Sumida
CDR8D43- Efficiency
100NC
optimization
6.8µH/
1.8Apeak
5.0x5.0x2.0
PLF5020T6R8M1R8
10µH/
2.2Apeak
6.6x7.3x1.2
TDK
Cyntec PCME061B- PCB space /profile
100MS
optimization
Rectifier Diode
A high-speed diode is necessary due to the high switching
frequency. Schottky diodes are recommended because of their
fast recovery time and low forward voltage. The reverse voltage
rating of this diode should be higher than the maximum output
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
voltage. The rectifier diode must meet the output current and
peak inductor current requirements. Table 3 shows some
recommendations for boost converter diode.
For example, delay time is 12.17ms if CD2 = 100nF.
Figure 11 shows the supply monitor circuit timing diagram.
TABLE 3. BOOST CONVERTER RECTIFIER DIODE RECOMMENDATIONS
DIODE
VR/IAVG RATING
PACKAGE
MFG
PMEG2010ER
20V/1A
SOD123W
NXP
MSS1P2U
20V/1A
MicroSMP
VISHAY
1.28V
VDIV
1.22V
1.217V
Output Capacitor
CD2
The output capacitor supplies the load directly and reduces the
ripple voltage at the output. Output ripple voltage consists of two
components (Equation 6):
1. Voltage drop due to inductor ripple current flowing through
the ESR of output capacitor.
2. Charging and discharging of output capacitor.
IO
V O – V IN
1
V RIPPLE = I LPK  ESR + ------------------------  ----------------  ---f
C
V
O
OUT
s
NOTE: Capacitors have a voltage coefficient that makes their
effective capacitance drop as the voltage across them increases.
COUT in Equation 6 assumes the effective value of the capacitor
at a particular voltage and not the manufacturer’s stated value,
measured at 0V.
Table 4 shows some recommendations for output capacitors.
TABLE 4. BOOST OUTPUT CAPACITOR RECOMMENDATIONS
CAPACITOR
SIZE
MFG
PART NUMBER
10µF/25V
1210
TDK
C3225X7R1E106M
10µF/25V
1210
Murata
GRM32DR61E106K
Compensation
The boost converter of ISL97649B can be compensated by an RC
network connected from the COMP pin to ground. A 15nF and
5.5k RC network is used in the ISL97649BIRTZ-EVALZ evaluation
board. The larger-value resistor and lower-value capacitor can
lower the transient overshoot, but at the expense of loop stability.
Supply Monitor Circuit
The supply monitor circuit monitors the voltage on VDIV and sets
the open-drain output RESET low when VDIV is below 1.28V
(rising) or 1.22V (falling).
There is a delay on the rising edge, controlled by a capacitor on
CD2. When VDIV exceeds 1.28V (rising), CD2 is charged up from
0V to 1.217V by a 10µA current source. When CD2 exceeds
1.217V, RESET goes tri-state. When VDIV falls below 1.22V,
RESET becomes low, with a 650 pull-down resistance. Delay
time is controlled, as shown in Equation 7:
(EQ. 7)
11
RESET DELAY TIME IS
CONTROLLED BY CD2
CAPACITOR
FIGURE 11. SUPPLY MONITOR CIRCUIT TIMING DIAGRAM
(EQ. 6)
For low ESR ceramic capacitors, the output ripple is dominated
by the charging and discharging of the output capacitor. The
voltage rating of the output capacitor should be greater than the
maximum output voltage.
t delay = 121.7k  CD2
RESET
Gate Pulse Modulator Circuit
The gate pulse modulator circuit functions as a three-way
multiplexer, switching VGHM between ground, GPM_LO, and VGH.
Voltage selection is provided by digital inputs VDPM (enable) and
VFLK (control). High-to-low delay and slew control are provided by
external components on pins CE and RE, respectively.
When VDPM is LOW, the block is disabled, and VGHM is
grounded. When the input voltage exceeds UVLO threshold,
VDPM starts to drive an external capacitor. When VDPM exceeds
1.215V, the GPM circuit is enabled, and the output VGHM is
determined by VFLK, RESET signal, and VGH voltage. If RESET
signal is high and VFLK is high, VGHM is pulled to VGH. When
VFLK goes low, there is a delay controlled by capacitor CE,
following which VGHM is driven to GPM_LO, with a slew rate
controlled by resistor RE. Note that GPM_LO is used only as a
reference voltage for an amplifier, and thus does not have to
source or sink a significant DC current.
Low-to-high transition is determined primarily by the switch
resistance and the external capacitive load. High-to-low transition
is more complex. Consider a case in which the block is already
enabled (VDPM is H). When VFLK is H, if CE is not externally
pulled above threshold voltage 1, Pin CE is pulled low. On the
falling edge of VFLK, a current is passed into Pin CE to charge the
external capacitor up to threshold voltage 2, providing a delay
that is adjustable by varying the capacitor on CE. Once this
threshold is reached, the output starts to be pulled down from
VGH to GPM_LO. The maximum slew current is equal to
500/(RE + 40k), and the dv/dt slew rate is Isl/CLOAD, where
CLOAD is the load capacitance applied to VGHM. The slew rate
reduces as VGHM approaches GPM_LO.
If CE is always pulled up to a voltage above threshold 1, zero
delay mode is selected; thus, there will be no delay from FLK
falling to the point where VGHM starts to fall. Slew down currents
will be identical to the previous case.
At power-down, when VIN falls to UVLO, VGHM is tied to VGH until
the VGH voltage falls to 3V. Once the VGH voltage falls below 3V,
VGHM is not actively driven until VIN is driven. Figure 12 shows
the VGHM voltage based on VIN, VGH, and RESET.
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
VIN
UVLO
THRESHOLD
0
VGH
RESET
VDPM
1.215V
VFLK
VGH
VGHM
VGHM IS FORCED
is forced to
TO VGH WHEN VIN
VGH
FALLS
TOwhen
UVLORESET
AND
Slope
goes
SLOPEisIScontrolled
VGH
>3Vto low AND
CONTROLLED
BY
RE
VGH>3V
by RE
Power on DELAY
delay time
Delay
POWER-ON
TIME
DELAYtime
TIMEisIScontrolled
is
controlled
by
CONTROLLED BY CDPM
by
CE
CONTROLLED
BY CE
CDPM
GPM_LO
FIGURE 12. GATE PULSE MODULATOR TIMING DIAGRAM
VGH/VGL Charge Pump
140
To provide VGH and VGL rails for the application, two external
charge pumps driven by AVDD and boost switching node can be
used to generate the desired VGH and VGL, as shown in the
“Application Diagram” on page 2.
VGL_headroom = N AVDD – 2 N Vd – VGL  0
(EQ. 8)
VGH_headroom =  N + 1  AVDD – 2 N Vd – VGH  0
(EQ. 9)
120
100
C_FLY (nF)
The number of the charge pump stages can be calculated using
the Equations 8 and 9.
FREQ = 1.2MHz
60
20
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
IVGL (mA)
FIGURE 13. FLYING CAPACITANCE vs VGL LOADING
Once the number of the charge pump stages is determined, the
maximum current that the charge pump can deliver can be
calculated using Equations 10 and 11 as follows:
700
VGH = 22V, TWO-STAGE CHARGEPUMP
600
(EQ. 10)
500
C_FLY (nF)
VGH = AVDD + N  AVDD – 2 Vd – I VGH   Freq C_fly   (EQ. 11)
Where Freq is the switching frequency of the AVDD boost, C_fly is
the flying capacitance (C8, C10, C11 in the “Application
Diagram”). IVGL and IVGH are the loadings of VGL and VGH. The
relationships between minimum flying capacitance and VGL and
VGH loadings are shown in Figures 13 and 14. The flying
capacitance must be higher than the minimum value shown in
Figure 13 and 14 for certain loadings on VGL and VGH.
FREQ = 600kHz
80
40
Where N is the number of the charge pump stages and Vd is the
forward voltage drop of one Schottky diode used in the charge
pump. Vd is varied with forward current and ambient
temperature, so it should be the maximum value in the diode
datasheet according to max forward current and lowest
temperature in the application condition.
VGL = N  – AVDD + 2 Vd + I VGL   Freq C_fly  
VGL = -6V, SINGLE STAGE CHARGE PUMP
400
FREQ = 600kHz
FREQ = 1.2MHz
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
IVGH (mA)
FIGURE 14. FLYING CAPACITANCE vs VGH LOADING
12
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
VCOM Amplifier
Current Sink
The VCOM amplifier is designed to control the voltage on the
back plane of an LCD display. This plate is capacitively coupled to
the pixel drive voltage, which alternately cycles positive and
negative at the line rate for the display. Thus, the amplifier must
be capable of sourcing and sinking pulses of current, which can
occasionally be quite large (in the range of 100mA for typical
applications).
Figure 16 shows the schematic of the POS pin current sink. The
circuit is made up of amplifier A1, transistor Q1, and resistor
RSET, which form a voltage controlled current source.
The ISL97649B VCOM amplifier output current is limited to
225mA typical. This limit level, which is roughly the same for
sourcing and sinking, is included to maintain reliable operation
of the part. It does not necessarily prevent a large temperature
rise if the current is maintained. (In this case, the whole chip may
be shut down by the thermal trip to protect functionality.) If the
display occasionally demands current pulses higher than this
limit, the reservoir capacitor will provide the excess and the
amplifier will top the reservoir capacitor back up once the pulse
has stopped. This will happen in the µs time scale in practical
systems and for pulses 2 or 3 times the current limit, the VCOM
voltage will have settled again before the next line is processed.
DCP (Digitally Controlled Potentiometer)
Figure 15 shows the relationship between the register value and
the resistor string of the DCP. Note that the register value of zero
actually selects the first step of the resistor string. The output
voltage of DCP is given by Equation 12:
RegisterValue + 1 A VDD
V DCP =  ----------------------------------------------------  ----------------

  20 
256
(EQ. 12)
A VDD
REGISTER VALUE
255
20
254
253
VDCP
252
R
R1
POS
VOUT
VDCP
Q1
A1
R2
VSAT
RSET
IOUT
VSET = (IOUT)*(RSET) = VDCP
RSET
FIGURE 16. CURRENT SINK CIRCUIT
The external RSET resistor sets the full-scale sink current that
determines the lowest output voltage of the external voltage
divider, R1 and R2. IOUT is calculated as shown by Equation 13:
V DCP
RegisterValue + 1 A VDD
1
I OUT = ---------------- =  ----------------------------------------------------  ----------------  ---------------

  20   R

256
R SET
SET
251
2
1
(EQ. 13)
The maximum value of IOUT can be calculated by substituting the
maximum register value of 255 into Equation 13, resulting in
Equation 14:
A VDD
I OUT  MAX  = ---------------------20R SET
(EQ. 14)
Equation 13 can also be used to calculate the unit sink current
step size by removing the Register Value term from it, as shown
in Equation 15.
A VDD
I STEP = ---------------------------------------------- 256   20   R SET 
19R
AVDD
AVDD
AVDD
(EQ. 15)
The voltage difference between the POS and RSET pins, which
are the drain and source, respectively, of the output transistor,
should be greater than the minimum saturation voltage for the
IOUT(MAX) being used. This difference keeps the output transistor
in its saturation region. The maximum voltage on the RSET pin is
AVDD/20, and this voltage is added to the minimum voltage
difference between the VOUT and RSET pins to calculate the
minimum VOUT voltage, as shown in Equation 16.
A VDD
V OUT  MIN   ---------------- + MinimumSaturationVoltage
20
(EQ. 16)
0
Output Voltage
The output voltage, VOUT, can be calculated with Equation 17:
FIGURE 15. SIMPLIFIED SCHEMATIC OF DIGITALLY CONTROLLED
POTENTIOMETER (DCP)
R L  V AVDD
RU
RegisterValue + 1
V OUT = --------------------------------   1 – ----------------------------------------------------  -----------------------------(EQ. 17)
 RU + RL  
20  RSET 
256
Where RL, RU and RSET in Equation 15 correspond to the R7, R8
and R9 in Application Diagram on page 2.
13
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
I2C Serial Interface
Protocol Conventions
The ISL97649B supports a bidirectional, bus-oriented protocol.
The protocol defines any device that sends data on to the bus as
a transmitter and the receiving device as the receiver. The device
controlling the transfer is a master, and the device being
controlled is the slave. The master always initiates data transfers
and provides the clock for both transmit and receive operations.
Therefore, the DCP of the ISL97649B operates as a slave device
in all applications. The fall and rise times of the SDA and SCL
signals should be in the range listed in Table 5. Capacitive load
on I2C bus is also specified in Table 5.
Data states on the SDA line can change only during SCL LOW
periods. SDA state changes during SCL HIGH are reserved for
indicating START and STOP conditions (Figure 17). On power-up
of the ISL97649B, the SDA pin is in input mode.
All communication over the I2C interface is conducted by sending
the MSB of each byte of data first.
TABLE 5. I2C INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER
MIN
TYP
SDA and SCL Rise Time
MAX
UNITS
1000
ns
SDA and SCL Fall Time
300
ns
I2C Bus Capacitive Load
400
pF
Programming Supply Voltage
To program EEPROM bits, VGH must be higher than 12V when
AVDD is 8V. Outside these conditions, writing operations may not
be successful.
All I2C interface operations must begin with a START condition,
which is a HIGH to LOW transition of SDA while SCL is HIGH. The
DCP continuously monitors the SDA and SCL lines for the START
condition and does not respond to any command until this
condition is met (Figure 17). A START condition is ignored during
the power-up sequence and during internal non-volatile write
cycles.
All I2C interface operations must be terminated by a STOP
condition, which is a LOW to HIGH transition of SDA while SCL is
high (Figure 17). A STOP condition at the end of a read operation,
or at the end of a write operation to volatile bytes only, places the
device in standby mode. A STOP condition during a write
operation to a non-volatile write byte initiates an internal
non-volatile write cycle. The device enters standby mode when
the internal non-volatile write cycle is completed.
An Acknowledge (ACK) is a software convention used to indicate
a successful data transfer. The transmitting device, either master
or slave, releases the SDA bus after transmitting eight bits.
During the ninth clock cycle, the receiver pulls the SDA line LOW
to acknowledge receipt of the eight bits of data (Figure 18).
The ISL97649B DCP responds with an ACK after recognizing a
START condition followed by a valid identification byte (Byte 1). If
a master-receiver is involved in a transfer, it must signal the end
of data transmission to the slave-transmitter by not generating
an acknowledge on the last byte that was clocked out of the
slave. The ISL97649B releases the dataline to allow the master
to generate a STOP condition.
SCL
SDA
START
DATA
STABLE
DATA
CHANGE
DATA
STABLE
STOP
FIGURE 17. VALID DATA CHANGES, START, AND STOP CONDITIONS
SCL FROM
MASTER
1
8
SDA OUTPUT FROM
TRANSMITTER
9
HIGH IMPEDANCE
HIGH IMPEDANCE
SDA OUTPUT FROM
RECEIVER
START
ACK
FIGURE 18. ACKNOWLEDGE RESPONSE FROM RECEIVER
14
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
A valid identification byte (Byte 1) contains 100111 as the six
MSBs. The 7th bit could be either 0 or 1 in the read operation,
while it is the data LSB (D0) in the write operation. The LSB is in
the read/write bit. Its value is 1 for a read operation and 0 for a
write operation (Figures 19 and 20).
Read Operation
A read operation consists of one instruction byte followed by one
data byte (Figure 19). The master initiates a START and the
identification byte with the R/W bit set to 1; the ISL97649B
responds with an ACK; and then the ISL97649B transmits the
data byte. The master terminates the read operation (issues a
STOP condition) following the last bit of the data byte (Figure 19).
Write Operation
A write operation requires a START condition followed by a valid
identification byte, a data byte, and a STOP condition (Figure 20).
After each of the two bytes, the ISL97649B responds with an
ACK. If the data byte is also to be written to non-volatile memory,
the ISL97649B begins its internal write cycle to non-volatile
memory. During the internal non-volatile write cycle, the device
ignores transitions at the SDA and SCL pins (Figure 21), and the
SDA output is at high impedance state. When the internal
non-volatile write cycle is completed, the ISL97649B enters its
standby state. The LSB in Byte 2 determines whether the data
byte is to be written to volatile and/or non-volatile memory.
Data Protection
A STOP condition also acts as a protection of non-volatile
memory. A valid identification byte, a data byte, and total
number of SCL pulses act as a protection of both volatile and
non-volatile registers. During a write sequence, the data byte is
loaded into an internal shift register as it is received. If Byte 2
LSB is 1, the data byte is transferred to the register only. If Byte 2
LSB is 0, then the STOP condition initiates the internal write cycle
to non-volatile memory.
ISL97649B Programming
Figure 19 shows the serial data format for reading the register.
Figure 20 shows the serial data format for writing the register
and Figure 21 for programming EEPROM.
The ISL97649B uses a 6-bit I2C address, which is 100111xx. The
complete read and write protocol is shown in Figures 19 and 20.
15
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
I2C Read and Write Format
FIGURE 19. I2C READ FORMAT
ISL24
201 I 2 C
rite
ISL97649B
I2CWWrite
B yte 1
By te 2
D ata
L SB
6 b it Ad d res s
S tar t
MSB
1
R/ W
AC K
LSB
0
0
1
1
1
D0
0
D a ta
P rog ra m
M SB
A
D7
A CK
Sto p
LSB
D6
D5
R /W = 0 = W rite
R/ W = 1 = R ead
D4
D3
D2
D1
P
A
W he n R /W = 0
P = 0 = EE P ROM P r og ram m in g
P = 1 = Reg ister W rite
FIGURE 20. I2C WRITE FORMAT
16
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Start-up Sequence
When VIN rising exceeds UVLO, it takes 120µs to read the
settings stored in the chip in order to activate the chip correctly.
When VIN is above UVLO and EN is high, the boost converter
starts up. The gate pulse modulator output VGHM is held low
until VDPM is charged to 1.215V. The detailed power-on
sequence is shown in Figure 21.
EN
UVLO
UVLO
VIN
PANEL NORMAL OPERATION
AVDD
T SS_AVDD CONTROLLED BY V SS
VOFF
VON
VCOM
1.280V
1.222V
1.217V
VDIV
CD2
1.215V
RESET
VDPM
GPM ENABLED WHEN BOTH
1) EN = HIGH AND
2) VDPM >1.215V
VGHM
VGHM OUTPUT TIED TO VGH WHEN VIN FALLS TO UVLO
FIGURE 21. ISL97649B DETAILED POWER-ON/POWER-OFF SEQUENCE
17
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Layout Recommendations
The device's performance, including efficiency, output noise,
transient response and control loop stability, is dramatically
affected by the PCB layout. PCB layout is critical, especially at
high switching frequency.
Some general guidelines for layout:
1. Place the external power components (the input capacitors,
output capacitors, boost inductor and output diodes, etc.) in
close proximity to the device. Traces to these components
should be kept as short and wide as possible to minimize
parasitic inductance and resistance.
2. Place VDC and VREF bypass capacitors close to the pins.
3. Reduce the loop with large AC amplitudes and fast slew rate.
4. The feedback network should sense the output voltage
directly from the point of load and should be as far away from
the LX node as possible.
5. The power ground (PGND) and signal ground (SGND) pins
should be connected at the ISL97649B exposed die plate
area.
6. The exposed die plate, on the underside of the package,
should be soldered to an equivalent area of metal on the PCB.
This contact area should have multiple via connections to the
back of the PCB as well as connections to intermediate PCB
layers, if available, to maximize thermal dissipation away
from the IC.
7. To minimize thermal resistance of the package when
soldered to a multi-layer PCB, the amount of copper track and
ground plane area connected to the exposed die plate should
be maximized and spread out as far as possible from the IC.
The bottom and top PCB areas especially should be
maximized to allow thermal dissipation to the surrounding air.
8. Minimize feedback input track lengths to avoid switching
noise pick-up.
The ISL97649BIRTZ-EVALZ evaluation board is available to
illustrate the proper layout implementation.
18
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Revision History
The revision history provided is for informational purposes only and is believed to be accurate, but not warranted. Please go to web to make sure you
have the latest revision.
DATE
REVISION
June 14, 2013
FN7927.2
Added “VGH/VGL Charge Pump” on page 12.
Made correction to Equation 9
From: VGH_headroom = (N + 1)*AVDD - N*Vd - VGH > 0
To: VGH_headroom = (N + 1)*AVDD - 2*N*Vd - VGH > 0
June 19, 2012
FN7927.1
Page 1, "Features"
1.5A Integrated Boost for Up to 15V AVDD
changed to:
1.5A, 0.18Ω Integrated Boost FET
April 5, 2012
CHANGE
Changed pin 13, POS description in “Pin Descriptions” on page 2 from "VCOM Positive Amplifier Non-inverting
input" to "VCOM Amplifier Non-inverting input"
Changed pin 16, NEG description in “Pin Descriptions” on page 2 from "VCOM Negative Amplifier Non-inverting
input" to "VCOM Amplifier inverting input"
“Absolute Maximum Ratings” on page 4. Changed:
LX, AVDD, POS, OUT to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3 to +18V
to:
LX, AVDD, POS, NEG, VOUT to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3 to +18V
October 7, 20011
FN7927.0
Initial Release
About Intersil
Intersil Corporation is a leader in the design and manufacture of high-performance analog, mixed-signal and power management
semiconductors. The company's products address some of the largest markets within the industrial and infrastructure, personal
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For the most updated datasheet, application notes, related documentation and related parts, please see the respective product
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19
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013
ISL97649B
Package Outline Drawing
L28.4x5A
28 LEAD QUAD FLAT NO-LEAD PLASTIC PACKAGE
Rev 2, 06/08
2.50
4.00
B
22
5.00
PIN #1 INDEX AREA
28
23
6
PIN 1
INDEX AREA
(4X)
6
24X 0.50
A
1
3.50
Exp. DAP
3.50
0.10 M C A B
4
28X 0.25
0.15
8
15
9
14
SIDE VIEW
TOP VIEW
2.50
Exp. DAP
28X 0.400
BOTTOM VIEW
SEE DETAIL "X"
( 3.80 )
0.10 C
Max 0.90
( 2.50)
C
SEATING PLANE
0.08 C
SIDE VIEW
( 4.80 )
( 24X 0.50)
( 3.50 )
C
0 . 2 REF
5
0 . 00 MIN.
0 . 05 MAX.
(28X .250)
DETAIL "X"
( 28 X 0.60)
TYPICAL RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
NOTES:
1.
Dimensions are in millimeters.
Dimensions in ( ) for Reference Only.
2. Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to AMSE Y14.5m-1994.
3.
Unless otherwise specified, tolerance : Decimal ± 0.05
4.
Dimension b applies to the metallized terminal and is measured
between 0.15mm and 0.30mm from the terminal tip.
5. Tiebar shown (if present) is a non-functional feature.
6.
20
The configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be
located within the zone indicated. The pin #1 identifier may be
either a mold or mark feature.
FN7927.2
June 27, 2013