X60250 ® Data Sheet September 14, 2005 Micro Power Programmable Voltage Reference PROGRAMMABLE VOLTAGE REFERENCE APPLICATIONS • • • • • • • FEATURES • • • • • • • • • • • • FN8146.1 1.25V 1.0%, 20ppm/°C Tempco Reference Adjustable to ±0.25% Over the 0 to 1.25V Range 8 bit, 100kΩ XDCP on-chip Programmable Resolution of 4.9mV (255 steps) Extra Matched 100kΩ Resistor Available for Increased Resolution Over a Smaller Range 2.7V to 5.5V Supply Range 2-Wire Interface for Programming Reference Setting Low Supply Current: 12µA in Normal Mode 8-pin TSSOP Package Programmable Reference NV Memory Pb-Free Plus Anneal Available (RoHS Compliant) Sensor Bias Variable DAC reference Linear Voltage Regulators DC/DC converters Voltage comparators Motor controllers Amplifier biasing DESCRIPTION The Intersil X60250 combines a temperature compensated voltage reference with a Intersil Digitally Controlled Potentiometer (XDCP) to provide a precision adjustable reference with a range of 0.0V to 1.25V. The device includes a serial bus interface to enable in-circuit programming of the reference voltage. The XDCP contains a resistor chain with 255 taps to provide 8 bits of digital adjustment to the reference voltage. Non-volatile storage retains the digital wiper setting, for permanent reference programming. An additional matched 100kΩ resistor is available to increase resolution of the output voltage while retaining accuracy. IC BLOCK DIAGRAM VCC VREFOUT Pwr On Recall 1.25V Reference 100K 256 Tap DCP EE PROM SCL VOUT R1 Serial Interface SDA 100kΩ Digital Wiper Control GND 1 VREFL CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2005. All Rights Reserved All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. X60250 Ordering Information PART NUMBER PART MARKING OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) RESOLUTION TEMP RANGE (°C) PACKAGE X60250V8I 60250 I 1.250 8 bits -40 to 85 8 Ld TSSOP X60250V8IZ (Note) 60250I Z 1.250 8 bits -40 to 85 8 Ld TSSOP (Pb-free) NOTE: Intersil Pb-free plus anneal products employ special Pb-free material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and 100% matte tin plate termination finish, which are RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020. PIN CONFIGURATION TSSOP VREFL 1 8 SCL VCC 2 7 SDA VREFOUT 3 6 GND VOUT 4 5 R1 PIN ASSIGNMENTS TSSOP Symbol 1 VREFL 2 VCC 3 VREFOUT 4 VOUT Description DCP and auxiliary resistor reference input Positive Power Supply Bandgap Reference Output DCP Wiper Output 5 R1 6 GND Ground 7 SDA Serial Data Input/Output 8 SCL Serial Clock Input 2 Auxiliary resistor input FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS COMMENTS Supply Voltage Range...................................-1V to 7V Bias Temperature Range .................... -40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range............. -65°C to +150°C Voltage on VREF(LOW) pin .............................0V to VCC Voltage on all other pins ................ -0.3V to VCC+0.3V Lead temperature (soldering, 10 seconds) ........ 300°C Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which permanent damage to the device and impaired reliability may occur. These are stress ratings provided for information only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this specification are not implied. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Min Max Temperature -40°C +85°C Supply Voltage 2.7V 5.5V For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test conditions. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Over operating conditions unless otherwise specified. IOUT = 12.5 µA, R1 = N/C (Floating).) ANALOG PARAMETERS Limits Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. (1) Max. Unit 2.7 3.0 5.5 V 20 µA RL=0, VREFL, VOUT, RAUX = floating µA RL=0, VREFL, VOUT, RAUX = floating TA = 25°C Test Conditions Power Supply VCC Supply Voltage Range IQ Supply Current VCC = 2.7V VCC = 3V VCC = 5.5V Write IQ(NV) 15 60 Non-Volatile Supply Current VCC = 2.7V VCC = 3V VCC = 5.5V 1100 600 1300 Reference Output Voltage DC Parameters VREFOUT Output Voltage 1.237 VREFL DCP and auxilliary resistor reference input GND TCOref Temperature coefficient of VREF output voltage PSRR Power Supply Rejection IOUT Output Current Sourcing Sinking 1 ROUT Output Impedance 1 ISC Short Circuit Current Sourcing Sinking 5 0 CL Load Capacitance 3 1.250 20 55 1.263 V VREFOUT V 70 ppm/°C dB (6) 400 µA (2) 2.5 Ω Given by ROUT = (∆VREF/∆IOUT) (2) 66 0.001 (2, 5) 0.003 mA At 5.5V µF Reference output stable for all CL up to specifications (2) FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 ANALOG PARAMETERS (CONTINUED) Limits Symbol Parameter Typ. (1) Min. Max. Unit Test Conditions AC Parameters VN µVP-P 0.1Hz to 10Hz (2) µVRMS 10Hz to 10kHz (2) Output Voltage Noise 100 200 Power-on Response 250 µs 1% Settling (2) Line Ripple Rejection 60 dB VDD = 3V ±100mV, f = 120 Hz (2) Reference DCP Resolution 8 bits 100 115 kΩ Wiper Resistance VCC = 2.7V VCC = 3V Ω 600 5000 1200 Absolute Linearity (INL) ±0.2 LSB Relative Linearity (DNL) ±0.1 LSB RTOT Temperature Coeff. ±300 ppm/°C Ratiometric Temp. Coeff. ±20 ppm/°C RTOT End to end resistance RW 85 (2) RAUX (Auxiliary Resistor) RTOT End to end resistance 85 100 RTOT Temperature Coeff. 115 kΩ ±300 ppm/°C RL=0, VREFL, VOUT, RAUX = floating DCP Matching Tolerance 0.1 % DCP Matching Temp. Coeff. ±20 ppm/°C DIGITAL PARAMETERS Limits Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. (1) Max. Unit Test Conditions ILI Input Leakage Current 2 µA VIN = GND to VCC ILO Output Leakage Current 2 µA VOUT = GND to VCC VIL Input Low Voltage 0 VCC x 0.2 V VIH Input High Voltage VCC x 0.7 VCC V CIN Input Capacitance VOL Output Low Voltage 0 10 %VDD IOL = 100 µA (2) VOH Output High Voltage 90 100 %VDD IOH = 100 µA (2) CL Output Load 100 pF 5 pF (2) EEPROM PARAMETERS (Erase at VCC = 5.0 V min, T = 25°C) Parameter Min. Units Write Cycle Endurance 100,000 Cycles per bit CAPACITANCE Symbol Test Max. Units Test Conditions CIN/OUT Input/Output capacitance (SDA) 8 pF VOUT = 0V (2) CIN Input capacitance (SCL) 6 pF VIN = 0V (2) 4 FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 A.C. TEST CONDITIONS Input Pulse Levels VCC x 0.1 to VCC x 0.9 Input rise and fall times 10ns Input and output timing threshold level VCC x 0.5 External load at pin SDA 2.3kΩ to VCC and 100 pF to VSS AC SPECIFICATIONS Symbol fSCL Parameter SCL Clock Frequency tIN Pulse width Suppression Time at inputs tAA SCL LOW to SDA Data Out Valid (2) Min. Max. Unit 0 400 kHz 50 (2) ns 0.1 tBUF Time the bus must be free before a new transmission can start tLOW tHIGH (2) 0.9 µs 1.3 µs Clock LOW Time 1.3 µs Clock HIGH Time 0.6 µs tSU:STA Start Condition Setup Time 0.6 µs tHD:STA Start Condition Hold Time 0.6 µs tSU:DAT Data In Setup Time 100 ns tHD:DAT Data In Hold Time 0 µs 0.6 µs 50 ns tSU:STO Stop Condition Setup Time tDH Data Output Hold Time (2) (2) (2, 3) tR SDA and SCL Rise Time tF SDA and SCL Fall Time (2, 3) Cb Capacitive load for each bus line (2, 3) 20 +.1Cb 300 ns 20 +.1Cb 300 ns 400 pF TIMING DIAGRAMS Bus Timing tBUF tF tHIGH tR tLOW tBUF SCL tSU:STA SDA IN tSU:DAT tHD:STA tHD:DAT tSU:STO tAA tDH tHD:STO tHD:DAT SDA OUT 5 FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 WRITE CYCLE TIMING SCL 8th Bit of Last Byte SDA ACK tWC Stop Start Condition Condition POWER-UP TIMING Symbol Parameter ∆VCC/∆t (2) tPUR tPUW VCC Power-up rate Time from Power-up to Min. Max. Unit 0.2 50 V/ms Read (2) 1 ms (2) 5 ms Time from Power-up to Write NONVOLATILE WRITE CYCLE TIMING Symbol tWC Parameter Write Cycle Time (4) Min. Typ. Max. Unit 5 10 ms Notes: (1) (2) (3) (4) Typical values are for TA = 25°C and VCC = 3.0V This parameter is guaranteed by characterization. Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF. tWC is the time from a valid stop condition at the end of a write sequence to the end of the self-timed internal nonvolatile write cycle. It is the minimum cycle time to be allowed for any nonvolatile write by the user, unless Acknowledge Polling is used. (5) Over the specified temperature range. Temperature coefficient is measured by the box method whereby the change in VOUT is divided by the temperature range; in this case, -40°C to +85°C = 125°C. TCOref = [Max V(VREF) - Min V(VREF)] × 106 / (1.25V × 125°C) 6 FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The X60250 combines a micropower precision reference with an 8-bit, 256 tap digitally controlled 100kΩ potentiometer (DCP) which allows nonvolatile setting of an output reference voltage. When normally configured with the VREFL pin tied to ground, the device provides an output range of 0V to 1.25V with 4.90mV resolution. The device can also be configured with an optional 100kΩ series resistor to ground, which effectively halves the output voltage range while doubling the resolution. Grounding the R1 pin while floating the VREFL pin places the device in this mode. Output voltage setting accuracy can be as high as 0.10% while permitting adjustment from 0.625V to 1.25V (2.45mV resolution). Reference Section The reference is designed to provide an accurate, low tempco voltage source while requiring less than 12µA (typical) of supply current. This supply current is for the reference section only. Keep in mind that the DCP will increase supply current draw by VREF/RTOTAL (typically 1.25/100k or 12.5µA). The total current drawn by the adjustable reference circuit will be less than 25µA (typically). The reference output has a typical impedance of 1Ω and can provide up to 400µA of load current. It is intended to drive the resistive load of the DCP, which is a minimum of 85kΩ, but can also be used to drive off chip circuitry provided the loading does not exceed the 400µA maximum. Also, highly capacitive loads can make the reference oscillate, so no more than 2000pF should be placed directly on the output of the VREFOUT pin. The reference output produces about 200µV RMS of noise (10kHz bandwidth) due to its micropower design. This is easily reduced in normal applications, as shown in the applications section for optimizing circuits for reducing output noise levels. DCP Section The 256 tap DCP has an 8-bit nonvolatile wiper control register which controls which tap is selected. The register is changed by performing a serial data write to its address (0h, see Serial Interface section). The resulting wiper position will produce an output voltage at VOUT, depending on whether the DCP VREFL is grounded or the R1 pin is grounded. The wiper consists of CMOS transistors and has a finite resistance, typically 600Ω at VCC = 5V (this parameter increases with decreasing VCC). The wiper resistance will produce errors in reference circuits due to I-R drops if current flows through the wiper. However, typically these circuits will have the wiper connected to a high impedance comparator or amplifier input which results in very small 7 wiper currents and thus only a small output voltage error. If the X60250 is used with the wiper connected to VREFL to produce a current source, care must be taken to avoid exceeding the maximum output current of the reference (typically 400µA). Power-Up considerations The X60250 contains EEPROM nonvolatile storage cells which are recalled during power-up. This recall process works best with power supply (VCC) ramping that is monotonic and free of excessive glitches (<100mV disturbances give best results). The ramp rate spec should be adhered to, although the most sensitive part of recall is between VCC = 1.0V and 2.5V. Effort should be made to make sure the device receives a power-up ramp between those voltage levels that meet the ramp rate spec and have no glitches. Recall of the stored wiper position happens in < 1ms from VCC reaching 2.5V. Note that any excursions of VCC below 2.5V, although temporary, can cause the wiper to be loaded with the midpoint value (80h) until VCC recovers to its normal voltage. Register Organization There are 2 nonvolatile registers and 1 volatile register available for storage and recall via the serial bus. They contain the current wiper position, a general purpose data register and a status register. The wiper register is nonvolatile and is at address 0h and contains 8 bits, with the 00h setting corresponding to the tap position nearest VREFL, and the FFh setting nearest to VREFOUT. The general purpose register is nonvolatile and is at address 1h, and contains 8 bits for use as scratchpad memory or serial number information. The Status register is volatile and is at address 7h. It has one active bit, D3, which is the WEL bit. This bit must be set to 1 berfore any nonvolatile writes are performed to the other registers. See the register information on the next page. FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 X60250 REGISTER BIT MAP Addr D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 D7 (MSB) D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 (LSB) 1 D7 (MSB) D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 (LSB) 7 0 0 0 0 WEL 0 0 0 REGISTER DESCRIPTIONS Reg Nonvolatile 0 1 7 Description VOUT wiper setting General Purpose data storage register Status register Y Y N REGISTER 0 (NONVOLATILE) This register is used to hold the DCP wiper position, which is given by: Code V OUT = V REF × --------------- (with 255 VREFL = GND) REGISTER 1 (NONVOLATILE) This 8 bit register is used for general storage such as date code, temp setting, etc. STATUS REGISTER Bit Value D - D4 D3 0 0-1 D2 - D0 0 Description Must remain 0 WEL bit Must be programmed to "1" for Reg 0 or 1 EEPROM write. When accessing, only WEL bit may be changed Must remain 0 8 FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 X60250 BUS INTERFACE INFORMATION Figure 1. Slave Address, Word Address, and Data Bytes - Write Mode Slave Address* Device Identifier Slave Address Byte 0 1 0 1 0 0 0/1 0 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Byte 0 Byte Address Byte 1 Data Byte Byte 2 Figure 2. Slave Address, Word Address, and Data Bytes - Read Mode Slave Address* Device Identifier 0 1 0 1 0 0 0/1 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Slave Address Byte Byte 0 Data Byte 9 Byte 1 Data Byte Byte 2 FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 X60250 BUS INTERFACE INFORMATION Pin Descriptions Slave Address, Address Byte, and Data Byte VREFOUT The byte communication format for the serial bus is shown in Figure 1 on the previous page. The first byte, BYTE 0, defines the device identifier, 0101 in the upper half; and the device slave address in the low half of the byte. The slave address is set to 0. The next byte, BYTE 1, is the Address Byte. The Address Byte identifies a unique address for the Status or Control Registers as shown in the Register Descriptions table. The following byte, Byte 2, is the byte used for READ and WRITE operations. Reference voltage output. The 1.25V bandgap reference output (VREF) is available at this pin for application to other circuits. Maximum output current is 400µA. The VREFOUT pin also connects to the Rh terminal of the 256-tap DCP. Start Condition All commands are preceded by the start condition, which is a HIGH to LOW transition of SDA when SCL is HIGH. The device continuously monitors the SDA and SCL lines for the start condition and will not respond to any command until this condition has been met. On powerup, the SCL pin must be brought LOW prior to the START condition. See Figure 3. Stop Condition All communications must be terminated by a stop condition, which is a LOW to HIGH transition of SDA when SCL is HIGH followed by a HIGH to LOW transistion on SCL. After going LOW, SCL can stay LOW or return to HIGH. See Figure 3. Acknowledge Acknowledge is a software convention used to indicate successful data transfer. The transmitting device, either master or slave, will release the bus after transmitting eight bits. During the ninth clock cycle, the receiver will pull the SDA line LOW to acknowledge that it received the eight bits of data. Refer to Figure 4. The device will respond with an acknowledge after recognition of a start condition and if the correct Device Identifier and Select bits are contained in the Slave Address Byte. If a write operation is selected, the device will respond with an acknowledge after the receipt of each subsequent eight bit word. The device will acknowledge all incoming data and address bytes, except for: – The Slave Address Byte when the Device Identifier and/or Select bits are incorrect – The 2nd Data Byte of a Status Register Write Operation (only 1 data byte is allowed) 10 VOUT DCP Wiper Output. This pin functions as the wiper of the DCP, and can be used as a variable voltage source for voltages between GND and VREF . Since it is connected to the DCP resistor, any loads on this pin must be high impedance for best performance. R1 Auxiliary Resistor Input. The R1 pin is connected to one end of a 100kΩ resistor (R1) which closely matches the DCP resistance. The other end of R1 is tied to the RREFL terminal of the DCP. When R1 is grounded and VREFL is left open, the output voltage range of VOUT will be from VREF/2 to VREF , and the effective resolution (mV/step) of the Reference control is doubled. R1 should be left open if not used. GND This pin is common for the VREF output and for control signal inputs. SDA Serial Data Input/Output. Bidirectional pin used for serial data transfer. As an output, it is open drain and may be wire-ored with any number of open drain or open collector outputs. A pullup resistor is required and the value is dependent on the speed of the serial data bus and the number of outputs tied together. SCL Serial Clock Input. Accepts a clock signal for clocking serial data into and out of the device. VREFL DCP and Auxiliary Resistor Input. This pin is connected to one end of the 256-tap DCP, and also to one end of the 100kΩ auxiliary resistor. When connected to ground, VOUT range will be from 0V to VREF . When left open and R1 is connected to ground, the voltage at this pin will be from VREF/2 to VREF . FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 Figure 3. Valid Start and Stop Conditions VCC Positive Power Supply. Connect to a voltage supply in the range of 2.7V < VCC < 5.5V, with minimum noise and ripple. For best performance, bypass with a 0.1µF capacitor to ground. SCL SDA Start Stop Figure 4. Acknowledge Response From Receiver SCL from Master 1 8 9 Data Output from Transmitter Data Output from Receiver Start Acknowledge Figure 5. Valid Data Changes on the SDA Bus SCL SDA Data Stable 11 Data Change Data Stable FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 Figure 6. Byte Write Sequence Signals from the Master SDA Bus S t Device a ID r t 01 0 1 0 Slave Address* Byte Address 0 S t o p Data 0 0/1 0 A C K Signals From The Slave A C K A C K *Note: The X60250 will respond to either 000 or 001 slave addresses. Byte Write For a write operation, the device requires the Slave Address Byte and the Word Address Bytes. This gives the master access to any one of the words in the array. Upon receipt of each address byte, the X60250 responds with an acknowledge. After receiving the address bytes the X60250 awaits the eight bits of data. After receiving the 8 data bits, the X60250 again responds with an acknowledge. The master then terminates the transfer by generating a stop condition. The X60250 then begins an internal write cycle of the data to the nonvolatile memory. During the internal write cycle, the device inputs are disabled, so the device will not respond to any requests from the master. The SDA output is at high impedance. See Figure 6. A write to a protected block of memory is ignored, but will still receive an acknowledge. At the end of the write command, the X60250 will not initiate an internal write cycle, and will continue to okay commands. Stops and Write Modes Stop conditions that terminate write operations must be sent by the master after sending at least 1 full data byte and its associated ACK signal. If a stop is issued in the middle of a data byte, or before 1 full data byte + ACK is sent, then the X60250 resets itself without performing the write. The contents of the array are not affected. Figure 7. Random Address Read Sequence Signals from the Master S t a r t SDA Bus Device ID 01 0 1 0 Slave Address Byte Address 0 0 0/1 0 Random Address Read Random read operation allows the master to access any location in the X60250. Prior to issuing the Slave Address Byte, the master must first perform a “dummy” write operation. The master issues the start condition and the slave address byte, receives an acknowledge, then issues the word address bytes. After acknowledging receipt of each word address byte, the master immediately issues another start condition and the slave address byte. This is followed by an acknowledge from the device and then by the eight bit data word. The master terminates the read operation by not responding with an acknowledge and then issuing a stop condition. Refer to Figure 7 for the address, acknowledge, and data transfer sequence. 12 Device ID 01 0 1 0 A C K Signals from the Slave S t a r t A C K S t o p Slave Address 0 0 1 A C K Data In a similar operation called “Set Current Address,” the device sets the address if a stop is issued instead of the second start shown in Figure 7. The X60250 then goes into standby mode after the stop and all bus activity will be ignored until a start is detected. This operation loads the new address into the address counter. The next Current Address Read operation will read from the newly loaded address. This operation could be useful if the master knows the next address it needs to read, but is not ready for the data. FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTIC CURVES VRefout vs Temperature (2 representative units) 1.25120 1.2550 1.25070 1.2540 Refout 1.25020 R f 1.2530 t 1.2520 VREFOUT (V) VRefout (V) 1.24970 IREFOOUT vs VREFOUT 1.24920 1.24870 1.24820 +25 deg C 1.2510 1.2500 -40 deg C 1.2490 1.2480 1.24770 +85 deg C 1.2470 1.24720 1.2460 1.24670 1.24620 -50 1.2450 0.00 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0.10 0.20 0.30 100 VRefout vs Vcc 0.60 0.70 0.80 50.00E-6 Refout (-40C) Refout (25C) Refout (85C) 1.256E+0 1.255E+0 Icc (-40C) Icc (25C) Icc (85C) 45.00E-6 40.00E-6 1.254E+0 35.00E-6 Icc (A) VRefout (V) 0.50 Icc vs Vcc 1.257E+0 1.253E+0 1.252E+0 30.00E-6 25.00E-6 1.251E+0 20.00E-6 1.250E+0 1.249E+0 2.50 0.40 IREFOUT (mA) Temperature (C) 15.00E-6 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00 Vcc (V) 10.00E-6 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 Vcc (V) Vref Output Voltage Noise, 0.1Hz to 10Hz VREF Output Noise Spectrum 10 9 Filter = 1 zero at 0.1Hz 2 poles at 10Hz Noise, uV/rt*Hz 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Vertical = 50µV/div Horizontal = 1 sec/div 0 10 100 1000 10000 Frequency DNL 0.50 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.20 ERROR (LSB) ERROR (LSB) INL 0.50 0.10 0.00 -0.10 0.10 0.00 -0.10 -0.20 -0.20 -0.30 -0.30 -0.40 -0.40 -0.50 -0.50 0 50 100 150 Tap Position 13 200 250 0 50 100 150 200 250 Tap Position FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTIC CURVES (Continued) Power On Settling Time Figure 9. Using Auxilliary Resistor APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Standard Reference configurations Figure 8 shows the device connections to produce a 0 to 1.250V adjustable reference with 8 bits of resolution. VREFL will be grounded in this case. Figure 9 has device connections to produce a 0.625V to 1.250V reference with 8 bits of resolution, with R1 grounded. This configuration effectively doubles the output voltage control resolution, increasing the accuracy of the desired reference output voltage. Since the auxiliary resistor is matched to the DCP resistor, temperature drift is minimized. VREFOUT VOUT 1.25V Reference 100K 0.625V to 1.25V Range R1 100K GND VREFL Figure 8. Standard Configuration VREFOUT Reducing Output Noise VOUT 1.25V Reference 100K R1 100K GND VREFL Adjusted Reference Voltage 0.0 to 1.25V Range The output noise voltage of the reference is typically 200µV rms in the 10kHz bandwidth. An advantage of the adjustable reference configuration is the ease in filtering this noise. Simply adding a capacitor to the VOUT pin will produce a single pole filter with a corner frequency of: 1 F CORNER = --- × π × R DCP × C FILTER 2 RDCP will vary with tap position and wiper resistance. If the approximate tap position of the DCP is known, it can be used to calculate this resistance as follows: 255 – tapw #- × R || tapw --------------# R DCP = ----------------------------TOTAL 255 × R TOTAL + R WIPER 255 For example, with VCC = 5V, tap # = 127 (corresponding to VOUT = 0.623V), CFILTER = 0.1µF, using typical values: R DCP = 25K + 0.6K = 25.6kΩ F CORNER = 62Hz 14 FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 Since this is a single pole rolloff, the actual noise bandwidth is 1.57 times this, or 97Hz. This should reduce typical output noise to about 45µV rms. Note that if the wiper is set to the highest tap positon (tap# = 255) to give a VOUT of 1.25V, the resulting RDCP = RWIPER or 600Ω, and the filter bandwidth will now be 2.6kHz, increasing noise significantly. If tap positions near VREFOUT will be used, then a series resistor ROUT should be added to better control noise bandwidth. Figure 10. Reducing Output Noise VREFOUT ROUT VOUT 1.25V Reference 100K R1 (optional) Filtered Reference Voltage CFILTER Higher Reference Voltages If a reference voltage higher than 1.25V is required, then an opamp can be added to amplify the VOUT voltage. There are many micropower opamps available, such as the LMV341, which can produce an output at very close to either supply rail. Figure 11 shows a circuit for a 0V to 5.0V adjustable reference, which has 8 bits of control. Note that if the auxiliary resistor is connected to ground instead of VREFL, then the output voltage range will be 2.5V to 5.0V, but resolution will double. Total current draw from that circuit will be 156µA (typically, with VOUT = 5V) including reference and opamp circuitry. Note that due to VCC supply variations, the output may not span up to 5.00V which would result in missing codes at the top end of the DCP range. Figure 11. Increasing Reference Output Voltage VREFOUT +5V 100K GND R1 20K 1.25V Reference VREFL 100K CFILTER 5 1 3 + 6 4 0 to 5.0V LMV341 – 2 100K 100K GND 15 33K VREFL FN8146.1 September 14, 2005 X60250 PACKAGING INFORMATION 8-Lead Plastic, TSSOP, Package Code V8 .025 (.65) BSC .169 (4.3) .252 (6.4) BSC .177 (4.5) .114 (2.9) .122 (3.1) .041 (1.05) .0075 (.19) .0118 (.30) .002 (.05) .006 (.15) .010 (.25) Gage Plane 0° - 8° Seating Plane .019 (.50) .029 (.75) (4.16) (7.72) Detail A (20X) (1.78) .031 (.80) .041 (1.05) See Detail “A” (0.42) (0.65) All Measurements Are Typical All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems. Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries. For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com 16 FN8146.1 September 14, 2005