12-Bit, 20kSPS SAR ADC ISL2671286 Features The ISL2671286 is a sampling SAR-type ADC which features excellent linearity over supply and temperature variations, and provides a drop-in compatible alternative to all ADS1286 performance grades. The robust high impedance input minimizes errors due to leakage currents, and specified measurement accuracy is maintained with input signals up to the supply rails. • Drop-In Compatible with ADS1286 (All Performance Grades) The reference accepts inputs between 1.25V to 5.0V, providing design flexibility in a wide variety of applications. The ISL2671286 also features up to 8kV Human Body Model ESD survivability. • Simple SPI-compatible Serial Digital Interface • Guaranteed No Missing Codes • 20kHz Sampling Rate • +4.50V to +5.25V Supply • Low 280µA Operating Current (20kSPS) • Power-down Current between Conversions: 3µA • Excellent Differential Non-Linearity (0.75LSB Max) • Low THD: -83dB (Typ) The serial digital interface is SPI compatible and is easily interfaced to all popular FPGAs and microcontrollers. Operating from a 5V supply, power dissipation is 1.4mW at a sampling rate of 20kSPS and just 15µW between conversions utilizing the Auto Power-Down mode. These features make the ISL2671286 an excellent solution for remote industrial sensors and battery-powered instruments. • Pb-Free (RoHS Compliant) The ISL2671286 is available in an 8 Ld SOIC package and is specified for operation over the industrial temperature range of –40°C to +85°C. • Industrial Process Control • Available in SOIC Package Applications • Remote Data Acquisition • Battery Operated Systems • Energy Measurement • Data Acquisition Systems • Pressure Sensors • Flow Controllers +VCC DAC VREF +IN SAR LOGIC VREF DAC –IN SERIAL INTERFACE DCLOCK DOUT CS/SHDN DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARITY (LSB) 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 GND FIGURE 1. BLOCK DIAGRAM November 1, 2011 FN7863.0 1 0 512 1024 1536 2048 CODE 2560 3072 3584 4096 FIGURE 2. DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs CODE CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2011. All Rights Reserved Intersil (and design) is a trademark owned by Intersil Corporation or one of its subsidiaries. All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. ISL2671286 Typical Connection Diagram +5V SUPPLY + VREF + VREF +IN REFP-P –IN GND 0.1 F + 10 F +VCC DCLOCK P/ C DOUT CS/SHDN SERIAL INTERFACE Pin Configuration Pin Descriptions ISL2671286 (8 LD SOIC) TOP VIEW VREF 1 8 +IN 2 7 +VCC PIN NAME PIN NUMBER VREF 1 Reference input +IN 2 Non-inverting input –IN 3 Inverting input. Connect to ground or remote sense point. GND 4 Ground CS/SHDN 5 Chip select when low; shut-down mode when high. DOUT 6 Serial output data word comprises 12 bits of data. In operation, data is valid on falling edge of DCLOCK. Second clock pulse after falling edge of CS/SHDN enables serial output. After one null bit, data is valid for next 12 edges. DCLOCK 7 Data clock synchronizes serial data transfer. +VCC 8 Power supply DCLOCK –IN 3 6 DOUT GND 4 5 CS/SHDN DESCRIPTION Ordering Information PART NUMBER (Notes 1, 2) PART MARKING +VCC RANGE (V) TEMP RANGE (°C) ISL2671286IBZ (Note 3) 2671286 IBZ 4.50 to 5.25 -40°C to +85°C 8 Ld SOIC M8.15 Coming Soon ISL2671286IPZ 2671286 IPZ 4.50 to 5.25 -40°C to +85°C 8 Ld PDIP E8.3 PACKAGE PKG. DWG. # NOTES: 1. Add “-T*” suffix for tape and reel. Please refer to TB347 for details on reel specifications. 2. These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets, molding compounds/die attach materials, and 100% matte tin plate plus anneal (e3 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations). Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020. 3. For Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL), please see device information page for ISL2671286. For more information on MSL please see Tech Brief TB363. 2 FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 Absolute Maximum Ratings Thermal Information Any Pin to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to +6.0V Analog Input to GND. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-0.3V to +VCC+0.3V Digital I/O to GND. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-0.3V to +VCC+0.3V External Reference Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +6V Maximum Current In to Any Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10mA ESD Rating Human Body Model (Tested per JESD22-A114F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8kV Machine Model (Tested per JESD22-A115B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400V Charged Device Model (Tested per JESD22-C101E). . . . . . . . . . . . .1.5kV Latch Up (Tested per JESD78C; Class 2, Level A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100mA Thermal Resistance (Typical) θJA (°C/W) θJC (°C/W) 8 Ld SOIC Package (Notes 4, 5). . . . . . . . . . 120 64 8 Ld PDIP Package (Notes 5, 6, 7) . . . . . . . 120 66 Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+150°C Case Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+100°C Pb-Free Reflow Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . see link below http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp Recommended Operating Conditions Operating Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40°C to +85°C CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and result in failures not covered by warranty. NOTES: 4. θJA is measured with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board in free air. See Tech Brief TB379 for details. 5. For θJC, the “case temp” location is taken at the package top center. 6. θJA is measured with the component mounted on a low effective thermal conductivity test board in free air. See Tech Brief TB379 for details. 7. Pb-free PDIPs can be used for through hole wave solder processing only. They are not intended for use in Reflow solder processing applications. Electrical Specifications +VCC = +5V, VREF = +5V, fSAMPLE = 12.5kHz, fCLK = 16 • fSAMPLE , unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C. Boldface limits apply over the operating temperature range, -40°C to +85°C. SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN (Note 8) MAX (Note 8) UNITS 0 VREF V TYP ANALOG INPUT (Note 9) |AIN| CIN ILEAK Full-Scale Input Range +IN – (–IN) Absolute Input Voltage +IN -0.2 +VCC +0.2 V –IN -0.2 +0.2 V Input Capacitance Track/Hold mode Input DC Leakage Current (Note 10) 19/1.8 -1 0.01 pF 1 µA SYSTEM PERFORMANCE N Resolution 12 No Missing Codes INL Integral Linearity DNL Differential Linearity Guaranteed no missed codes Bits 12 Bits -1 ±0.5 1 LSB -0.75 ±0.4 0.75 LSB Zero-Code Error -3 ±0.1 3 LSB GAIN Gain Error -8 ±0.2 8 LSB PSRR Power Supply Rejection OFFSET 82 dB SAMPLING DYNAMICS tCONV Conversion Time tACQ Acquisition Time SSBW 12 1.5 Small Signal Bandwidth Clk Cycles Clk Cycles 320 kHz AIN = 5.0VPP at fIN = 1kHz -82 dB AIN = 5.0VPP at fIN = 5kHz -83 dB DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS THD Total Harmonic Distortion SINAD Signal-to (Noise + Distortion) Ratio AIN = 5.0VP-P at fIN = 1kHz 72 dB SFDR Spurious Free Dynamic Range AIN = 5.0VP-P at fIN = 1kHz 83 dB 3 FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 Electrical Specifications +VCC = +5V, VREF = +5V, fSAMPLE = 12.5kHz, fCLK = 16 • fSAMPLE , unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C. Boldface limits apply over the operating temperature range, -40°C to +85°C. (Continued) SYMBOL MIN (Note 8) TYP MAX (Note 8) UNITS 1.25 2.5 VCC + 0.05 V -2.5 0.01 2.5 µA tCYC ≥ 640µs, fCLK ≤ 25kHz 0.06 20 µA tCYC = 80µs, fCLK= 200kHz 0.5 20 µA PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS REFERENCE INPUT REF REFLEAK REF Input Range Current Drain CS/SHDN = VCC DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT Logic Family CMOS VIH Input High Voltage 3 +VCC V VIL Input Low Voltage 0.0 0.8 V VOH Output High Voltage IOH = 250µA 3 +VCC V VOL Output Low Voltage IOL = 250µA 0.0 0.4 V 1 µA Data Format ILEAK Straight Binary Input DC Leakage Current CIN Input Capacitance IOZ Floating-State Output Leakage Current COUT -1 0.01 9 -1 pF 0.01 Floating-State Output Capacitance 1 µA 6 pF POWER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS +VCC Power Supply Voltage VANA Quiescent Current 4.50 Power Down 5 5.25 V tCYC ≥ 640µs, fCLK ≤ 25kHz 280 500 µA tCYC = 90µs, fCLK= 200kHz 360 600 µA CS/SHDN = VCC 0.5 3 µA +85 °C TEMPERATURE RANGE Specified Performance -40 NOTES: 8. Compliance to datasheet limits is assured by one or more methods: production test, characterization and/or design. 9. The absolute voltage applied to each analog input must be between GND and +VCC to guarantee datasheet performance. 10. Applies only to +IN. Timing Specifications At fCLK = 200kHz , unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C. Boldface limits apply over the operating temperature range, -40°C to +85°C. SYMBOL tSMPL tSMPL (MAX) PARAMETER Analog Input Sample Time TEST CONDITIONS See operating sequence; Figure 3 MIN (Note 8) TYP 1.5 Maximum Sampling Frequency tCONV Conversion Time See operating sequence; Figure 3 12 tdDO Delay Time, DCLOCK↓ to DOUT Data Valid See test circuits; Figure 4 36 tDIS Delay Time, CS/SHDN↑ to DOUT Hi-Z See test circuits; Figure 4 (Note 11) tEN Delay Time, DCLOCK↓ to DOUT Enable See test circuits; Figure 4 4 21 MAX (Note 8) UNITS 2.0 CLK Cycles 20 kHz CLK Cycles 150 ns 50 ns 100 ns FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 Timing Specifications At fCLK = 200kHz , unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C. Boldface limits apply over the operating temperature range, -40°C to +85°C. (Continued) SYMBOL thDO PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN (Note 8) TYP 15 30 MAX (Note 8) UNITS Output Data Remains Valid After DCLOCK↓ CLOAD = 100pF tf DOUT Fall Time See test circuits; Figure 4 1 100 ns ns tR DOUT Rise Time See test circuits; Figure 4 1 100 ns tCSD Delay Time, CS/SHDN↓ to DCLOCK↓ See operating sequence; Figure 3 0 ns tSUCS Delay Time, CS/SHDN↓ to DCLOCK↑ See operating sequence; Figure 3 30 ns NOTE: 11. During characterization, tDIS is measured from the release point with a 10pF load (see Figure 4) and the equivalent timing using the ADS1286 loading (3kΩ, 100pF) is calculated. tCYC CS/SHDN POWER DOWN tSUCS DCLOCK tCSD DOUT Hi-Z Null Bit tSMPL B11 B10 B9 B8 (MSB) B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 Null Bit Hi-Z (1) B0 tCONV B11 B10 B9 B8 tDATA Note: (1) After completing the data transfer, additional clocks applied while CS/SHDN is low will result in the previous data being retransmitted LSB-first, followed by indefinite transmission of zeros tCYC CS/SHDN POWER DOWN tSUCS DCLOCK tCSD DOUT Hi-Z tSMPL Null Bit Hi-Z B11 (MSB) B10 B9 B8 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 B1 B2 B3 tCONV B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 (2) tDATA Note: (2) After completing the data transfer, additional clocks applied while CS/SHDN is low will result in indefinite transmission of zeros FIGURE 3. SERIAL INTERFACE TIMING DIAGRAM +VCC RL 2.85k OUTPUT PIN CL 10pF FIGURE 4. EQUIVALENT LOAD CIRCUIT 5 FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 VIL = 0.8V 50% DCLOCK DCLOCK tEN DOUT 50% CS/SHDN tSUCS thDO DOUT DCLOCK 50% VOH = VDD - 0.2V VOL = 0.4V VIL = 0.8V VIH = 2.4V DCLOCK 50% CS/SHDN CS/SHDN tDIS tCSD thDO DOUT DCLOCK DOUT 10% VOL = 0.4V 50% FIGURE 5. TIMING PARAMETER DEFINITIONS 6 FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 Typical Performance Characteristics otherwise specified. At TA = +25°C, +VCC = VREF = 5V, fSAMPLE = 12.5kHz, fCLK = 16 * fSAMPLE, unless 2.5 4.0 REFERENCE CURRENT (µA) REFERENCE CURRENT (µA) 3.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0 2 4 6 8 SAMPLE RATE (kHz) 10 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -55 12 FIGURE 6. REFERENCE CURRENT vs SAMPLE RATE 5.0 1.0 4.5 0.8 4.0 0.6 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 -15 5 25 45 TEMPERATURE (°C) 65 85 105 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 0.0 1 2 3 4 REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) -1.0 -55 5 FIGURE 8. CHANGE IN OFFSET vs REFERENCE VOLTAGE 0.5 0.0 0.4 -0.5 0.3 0.2 CHANGE IN DNL (LSB) 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1 -35 -15 5 25 45 TEMPERATURE (°C) 65 85 105 FIGURE 9. CHANGE IN OFFSET vs TEMPERATURE CHANGE IN GAIN (LSB) DELTA FROM +5V REFERENCE (LSB) -35 FIGURE 7. REFERENCE CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE DELTA FROM 25°C (LSB) CHANGE IN OFFSET (LSB) 3.0 -1.0 -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 -3.0 -3.5 CHANGE IN INL (LSB) -4.0 2 3 4 REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) 5 FIGURE 10. CHANGE IN INTEGRAL LINEARITY AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY vs REFERENCE VOLTAGE 7 1 2 3 4 REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) 5 FIGURE 11. CHANGE IN GAIN vs REFERENCE VOLTAGE FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 Typical Performance Characteristics At TA = +25°C, +VCC = VREF = 5V, fSAMPLE = 12.5kHz, fCLK = 16 * fSAMPLE, unless otherwise specified. (Continued) 3 DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARITY (LSB) EFFECTIVE NUMBER OF BITS (BITS) 12.0 11.5 11.0 10.5 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 0.1 0 -1 -2 10.0 0 100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 60 50 40 30 60 10 0 0.1 10.0 2560 3072 3584 4096 SPURIOUS FREE DYNAMIC RANGE SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO 1.0 FREQUENCY (kHz) 10.0 FIGURE 15. SPURIOUS FREE DYNAMIC RANGE AND SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO vs FREQUENCY 0 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (dB) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -40 2048 CODE 30 10 FIGURE 14. SIGNAL-TO-(NOISE + DISTORTION) vs FREQUENCY 1536 40 20 1.0 FREQUENCY (kHz) 1024 50 20 0 0.1 512 FIGURE 13. DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs CODE SFDR AND SNR (dB) SIGNAL-TO-(NOISE + DISTORTION) (dB) 1 -3 1.0 REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) FIGURE 12. EFFECTIVE NUMBER OF BITS vs REFERENCE VOLTAGE SIGNAL-TO-(NOISE + DISTORTION) (dB) 2 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 INPUT LEVEL (dB) -10 -5 0 FIGURE 16. SIGNAL-TO-(NOISE + DISTORTION) vs INPUT LEVEL 8 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 0.1 1.0 FREQUENCY (kHz) 10.0 FIGURE 17. TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs FREQUENCY FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 Typical Performance Characteristics At TA = +25°C, +VCC = VREF = 5V, fSAMPLE = 12.5kHz, fCLK = 16 * fSAMPLE, unless otherwise specified. (Continued) 0 POWER SUPPLY REJECTION (dB) 0 MAGNITUDE (dB) -25 -50 -75 -100 -125 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 0 2 4 1 6 10 FREQUENCY (kHz) FIGURE 18. 4096 POINT FFT 100 1k RIPPLE FREQUENCY (kHz) 10k FIGURE 19. POWER SUPPLY REJECTION vs RIPPLE FREQUENCY 3.0 0.50 SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) DELTA FROM 25°C (LSB) 2.5 0.25 0.00 -0.25 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 -0.50 -55 -35 -15 5 25 45 TEMPERATURE (°C) 65 85 0.0 -55 105 FIGURE 20. CHANGE IN GAIN vs TEMPERATURE -15 5 25 45 TEMPERATURE (°C) 65 85 105 FIGURE 21. POWER-DOWN SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE 3 400 INTEGRAL NONLINEARITY (LSB) 450 SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) -35 fSAMPLE = 12.5kHz 350 300 250 fSAMPLE = 1.6kHz 200 150 100 -55 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -35 -15 5 25 45 TEMPERATURE (°C) 65 85 FIGURE 22. SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE 9 105 0 512 1024 1536 2048 CODE 2560 3072 3584 4096 FIGURE 23. INTEGRAL LINEARITY ERROR vs CODE FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 Typical Performance Characteristics At TA = +25°C, +VCC = VREF = 5V, fSAMPLE = 12.5kHz, fCLK = 16 * fSAMPLE, unless 3.0 10.0 2.5 LEAKAGE CURRENT (nA) DIGITAL INPUT THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V) otherwise specified. (Continued) 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.75 4.00 4.25 4.50 4.75 5.00 5.25 5.50 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) FIGURE 24. DIGITAL INPUT LINE THRESHOLD vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 10 1.0 0.1 0.01 -55 -35 -15 5 25 45 TEMPERATURE (°C) 65 85 105 FIGURE 25. INPUT LEAKAGE CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 Analog Input The ISL2671286 is based on a successive approximation register (SAR) architecture utilizing capacitive charge redistribution digital-to-analog converters (DACs). Figure 26 shows a simplified representation of the converter. During the acquisition phase (ACQ), the differential input is stored on the sampling capacitors (CS). The comparator is in a balanced state since the switch across its inputs is closed. The signal is fully acquired after tACQ has elapsed, and the switches then transition to the conversion phase (CONV) so the stored voltage can be converted to digital format. The comparator becomes unbalanced when the differential switch opens and the input switches transition (assuming that the stored voltage is not exactly at mid-scale). The comparator output reflects whether the stored voltage is above or below mid-scale, which sets the value of the MSB. The SAR logic then forces the capacitive DACs to adjust up or down by one-quarter of full-scale by switching in binarily weighted capacitors. Again, the comparator output reflects whether the stored voltage is above or below the new value and sets the value of the next lowest bit. This process repeats until all 12 bits have been resolved. The ISL2671286 features a pseudo-differential input with a nominal full-scale range equal to the applied VREF voltage. The negative input (VIN–) must be biased within 200mV of ground. DAC Functional Description CONV VIN+ VIN– ACQ ACQ ACQ SAR LOGIC CONV CONV Modes of Operation There are two possible modes of operation, which are controlled by the CS/SHDN signal. When CS/SHDN is high (deasserted), the ADC is in static mode. Conversely, when CS/SHDN is low (asserted), the device is in dynamic mode. There is no minimum or maximum number of SCLK cycles required to enter static mode. This simplifies power management and allows the user to easily optimize power dissipation versus throughput for various application requirements. DYNAMIC MODE This mode is entered when a conversion result is desired by asserting CS/SHDN. Figure 28 shows the general operation in this mode. The conversion is initiated on the falling edge of CS/SHDN (refer to “Serial Digital Interface” section). When CS/SHDN is deasserted, the conversion is terminated, and DOUT returns to a high-impedance state. Sixteen serial clock cycles are required to complete the conversion and access the complete conversion result. CS/SHDN may idle high until the next conversion or idle low until sometime prior to the next conversion. Once a data transfer is complete (DOUT has returned to a high-impedance state), another conversion can be initiated by again asserting CS/SHDN. CSB DAC VREF SCLK 1 10 16 FIGURE 26. SAR ADC ARCHITECTURAL BLOCK DIAGRAM ADC Transfer Function DOUT The output coding for the ISL2671286 is straight binary. The first code transition occurs at successive LSB values (i.e., 1 LSB, 2 LSB, and so on). The LSB size is VREF/4096. The ideal transfer characteristic of the ISL2671286 is shown in Figure 27. 1LSB = VREF/4096 111...111 ADC CODE 111...110 4 LEADING ZEROS AND CONVERSION RESULT FIGURE 28. NORMAL MODE OPERATION STANDBY MODE The ISL2671286 enters the power-saving static mode automatically any time CS/SHDN is deasserted. The user is not required to force a device into this mode following a conversion in order to optimize power consumption. SHORT CYCLING 100...001 100...000 011...111 000...010 000...001 000...000 0V +VREF +VREF – 1½LSB – 1LSB +½LSB ANALOG INPUT +IN – (–IN) FIGURE 27. IDEAL TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS 11 In cases where a lower resolution conversion is acceptable, CS/SHDN can be pulled high before 12 SCLK falling edges have elapsed. This is referred to as short cycling, and it can be used to further optimize power dissipation. In this mode, a lower resolution result is acquired, but the ADC enters static mode sooner and exhibits a lower average power dissipation than if the complete conversion cycle is carried out. The acquisition time (tACQ) requirement must be met for the next conversion to be valid. POWER-ON RESET The ISL2671286 performs a power-on reset that requires approximately 2.5ms to execute when the supplies are first FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 activated. After reset is complete, a single dummy cycle lasting one conversion must be executed to initialize the switched capacitor track and hold. Once the dummy cycle is complete, the ADC mode is determined by the state of CS/SHDN. At this point, switching between dynamic and static modes is controlled by CS/SHDN, with no delay required between states. POWER vs THROUGHPUT RATE The ISL2671286 power consumption is reduced slightly at lower conversion rates. Figure 29 shows the typical power consumption over a wide range of throughput rates. SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) 1000 conversion process and frames the data transfer. The falling edge of CS/SHDN puts the track-and-hold into hold mode and takes the bus out of three-state. The analog input is sampled and the conversion initiated at this point. The conversion result from the ISL2671286 is provided on DOUT output as a serial data stream. The bits are clocked out on the falling of the SCLK input. The output coding is two’s complement. Applications Information Analog Input Filtering A low-pass, anti-alias filter is recommended to optimize performance, as shown in Figure 31. The capacitive input switching currents are averaged into a net DC current by CFILT. It is recommended that a high-quality capacitor with low voltage and temperature coefficients, such as C0G/NP0, be used. A small series resistance value minimizes voltage drops across the resistor. 100 10 RFILT TA = 25°C VCC = +5V VREF = +5V fCLK = 16 x fSAMPLE 1 0.1 IDC VIN +IN CFILT 1.0 10 SAMPLE RATE (kHz) ISL2671286 100 –IN FIGURE 29. SUPPLY CURRENT vs SAMPLE RATE 6 SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) 5 TA = 25°C VCC = +5V VREF = +5V fCLK = 16 x fSAMPLE FIGURE 31. INPUT FILTERING Reduced Reference Operation 4 3 The ISL2671286 exhibits good linearity and gain over a wide range of reference voltages (see Figures 10 and 11). When operating at low values of VREF, offset errors and noise must be considered because of the reduced LSB size. CSB = LOW (GND) 2 1 CSB = HIGH (VCC) 0 0.1 1.0 10 SAMPLE RATE (kHz) 100 FIGURE 30. SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs SAMPLE RATE Serial Digital Interface The ISL2671286 communicates using a 3-wire serial interface. DCLOCK synchronizes the data transfer, with each bit transmitted on the falling DCLOCK edge and captured on the rising DCLOCK edge in the receiving system. A falling CS/SHDN initiates data transfer, as shown in Figure 3. After CS/SHDN falls, the second DCLOCK pulse enables DOUT. After one null bit, the A/D conversion result is output on the DOUT line. Bringing CS/SHDN high resets the ISL2671286 for the next data exchange. Figure 3 shows a detailed timing diagram for the serial interface. The serial clock provides the conversion clock and controls the transfer of data during conversion. CS/SHDN initiates the 12 Input errors can have a larger impact on performance when operating the ADC with a reduced reference voltage, since LSB size is proportional to VREF. Figure 8 shows how the offset in LSBs is related to reference voltage for a typical value of VOS. For example, a VOS of 100µV is 0.082 LSB with a 5V reference. If VREF is reduced to 1V, the same 100µV offset is 0.41 LSB, and it increases to 2.05 LSB with a 0.2V reference. The offset can be corrected digitally after conversion, or an opposing bias can be applied to the –IN pin (within the allowable range according to the “Electrical Specifications”). Similarly, total input referred noise appears as a larger fraction of an LSB when operating at reduced VREF values. Attention should be paid to the output noise of the driving amplifier, and proper filtering should be applied to limit the noise that aliases in the Nyquist zone. Averaging multiple readings can improve performance if the application conditions allow. Grounding and Layout The printed circuit board that houses the ISL2671286 should be designed so that the analog and digital sections are separated FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 and confined to certain areas of the board. This facilitates the use of ground planes that can be separated easily. A minimum etch technique is generally best for ground planes because it gives the best shielding. Digital and analog ground planes should be joined in only one place, and the connection should be a star ground point established as close to the GND pin on the ISL2671286 as possible. Avoid running digital lines under the device, as this couples noise onto the die. The analog ground plane should be allowed to run under the ISL2671286 to avoid noise coupling. Power supply lines to the device should use as large a trace as possible, to provide low impedance paths and to reduce the effects of glitches on the power supply line. Fast switching signals, such as clocks, should be shielded with digital ground to avoid radiating noise to other sections of the board. Clock signals should never run near analog inputs. Avoid crossover of digital and analog signals. Traces on opposite sides of the board should run at right angles to each other. This reduces the effects of feedthrough through the board. A microstrip technique is by far the best but is not always possible with a double-sided board. In this technique, the component side of the board is dedicated to ground planes, while signals are placed on the solder side. Good decoupling is also important. All analog supplies should be decoupled with 10μF tantalum capacitors in parallel with 0.1μF capacitors to GND. To achieve the best performance from these decoupling components, they must be placed as close as possible to the device. Terminology Signal-to-(Noise + Distortion) Ratio (SINAD) SINAD is the measured ratio of signal-to-(noise + distortion) at the output of the ADC. The signal is the RMS amplitude of the fundamental. Noise is the sum of all nonfundamental signals up to half the sampling frequency (fs/2), excluding DC. The ratio is dependent on the number of quantization levels in the digitization process: the more levels, the smaller the quantization noise. The theoretical signal-to-(noise + distortion) ratio for an ideal N-bit converter with a sine wave input is given in Equation 1: Signal-to-(Noise + Distortion) = ( 6.02 N + 1.76 )dB (EQ. 1) Peak Harmonic or Spurious Noise (SFDR) Peak harmonic or spurious noise is defined as the ratio of the RMS value of the next largest component in the ADC output spectrum (up to fS/2 and excluding DC) to the RMS value of the fundamental. Also referred to as Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR), the value of this specification normally is determined by the largest harmonic in the spectrum. For ADCs in which the harmonics are buried in the noise floor, however, SFDR is a noise peak. Small-Signal Bandwidth Small-signal bandwidth is the input frequency at which the amplitude of the reconstructed fundamental is reduced by 3dB for a signal whose peak-to-peak amplitude spans no more than 10% of the full-scale input range. Integral Nonlinearity (INL) Integral nonlinearity is the maximum deviation from a straight line passing through the endpoints of the ADC transfer function. Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) Differential nonlinearity (DNL) is the difference between the measured and the ideal 1 LSB change between any two adjacent codes in the ADC. Zero-Code Error Zero-code error is the deviation of the first code transition (000...000 to 000...001) from an ideal ½ LSB step. Gain Error Gain error is the deviation of the full-scale input (111...111) from the ideal span (i.e., +VREF – 1LSB) after the zero code error has been adjusted out. Track-and-Hold Acquisition Time Track-and-hold acquisition time is the minimum time required for the track-and-hold amplifier to remain in track mode for its output to reach and settle to within 0.5 LSB of the applied input signal. Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) Power supply rejection ratio is the ratio of the power in the ADC output at full-scale frequency, f, to ADC +VCC supply of frequency fS (Equation 3). The frequency of this input varies from 1kHz to 1MHz. Thus, for a 12-bit converter, the ratio is 74dB and for a 10-bit converter is 62dB. PSRR ( dB ) = 10 log ( Pf ⁄ Pfs ) Total Harmonic Distortion Pf is the power at frequency f in the ADC output; Pfs is the power at frequency fs in the ADC output. Total harmonic distortion (THD) is the ratio of the RMS sum of harmonics to the fundamental. For the ISL2671286, it is defined as shown in Equation 2: V 22 + V 32 + V 42 + V 52 + V 62 THD ( dB ) = 20 log ------------------------------------------------------------------V 12 (EQ. 3) (EQ. 2) where V1 is the RMS amplitude of the fundamental, and V2, V3, V4, V5, and V6 are the RMS amplitudes of the second through the sixth harmonic. 13 FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 Revision History The revision history provided is for informational purposes only and is believed to be accurate, but not warranted. Please go to web to make sure you have the latest revision. DATE REVISION 11/1/2011 FN7863.0 CHANGE Initial Release Products Intersil Corporation is a leader in the design and manufacture of high-performance analog semiconductors. The Company's products address some of the industry's fastest growing markets, such as, flat panel displays, cell phones, handheld products, and notebooks. Intersil's product families address power management and analog signal processing functions. Go to www.intersil.com/products for a complete list of Intersil product families. For a complete listing of Applications, Related Documentation and Related Parts, please see the respective device information page on intersil.com: ISL2671286 To report errors or suggestions for this datasheet, please go to: www.intersil.com/askourstaff FITs are available from our website at: http://rel.intersil.com/reports/search.php For additional products, see www.intersil.com/product_tree Intersil products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems as noted in the quality certifications found at www.intersil.com/design/quality Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. 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For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com 14 FN7863.0 November 1, 2011 ISL2671286 Package Outline Drawing M8.15 8 LEAD NARROW BODY SMALL OUTLINE PLASTIC PACKAGE Rev 3, 3/11 DETAIL "A" 1.27 (0.050) 0.40 (0.016) INDEX 6.20 (0.244) 5.80 (0.228) AREA 0.50 (0.20) x 45° 0.25 (0.01) 4.00 (0.157) 3.80 (0.150) 1 2 8° 0° 3 0.25 (0.010) 0.19 (0.008) SIDE VIEW “B” TOP VIEW 2.20 (0.087) SEATING PLANE 5.00 (0.197) 4.80 (0.189) 1.75 (0.069) 1.35 (0.053) 1 8 2 7 0.60 (0.023) 1.27 (0.050) 3 6 4 5 -C- 1.27 (0.050) 0.51(0.020) 0.33(0.013) SIDE VIEW “A 0.25(0.010) 0.10(0.004) 5.20(0.205) TYPICAL RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN NOTES: 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1982. 2. Package length does not include mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs. Mold flash, protrusion and gate burrs shall not exceed 0.15mm (0.006 inch) per side. 3. Package width does not include interlead flash or protrusions. Interlead flash and protrusions shall not exceed 0.25mm (0.010 inch) per side. 4. The chamfer on the body is optional. If it is not present, a visual index feature must be located within the crosshatched area. 5. Terminal numbers are shown for reference only. 6. The lead width as measured 0.36mm (0.014 inch) or greater above the seating plane, shall not exceed a maximum value of 0.61mm (0.024 inch). 7. Controlling dimension: MILLIMETER. Converted inch dimensions are not necessarily exact. 8. This outline conforms to JEDEC publication MS-012-AA ISSUE C. 15 FN7863.0 November 1, 2011