MQBL-28E-15D Dual Output H igH R eliability DC-DC C onveRteR 16-70V 16-80V ±15V 1.3A 84% @ 0.65A / 85% @ 1.3A Continuous Input Transient Input Output Total Output Efficiency F ull P oweR o PeRation : -55ºC to +125ºC The MilQor® series of high-reliability DC-DC converters brings SynQor’s field proven high-efficiency synchronous rectifier technology to the Military/Aerospace industry. SynQor’s innovative QorSeal® packaging approach ensures survivability in the most hostile environments. Compatible with the industry standard format, these converters operate n/C at a fixed frequency, have no opto-isolators, and follow conservative component derating guidelines. +VIn L-28E MQB n In rt They are CASE EnA designed and manufactured to comply with a wide range of 1 SYnC S -F-E -15D tEr nVEr C Co 1.3A DC-D 15Vout@ ± in 28V oUt military standards. SYnC n/C trIM t -VoU rtn oUt t +VoU In Design Process MQBL series converters are: • Designed for reliability per NAVSO-P3641-A guidelines • Designed with components derated per: — MIL-HDBK-1547A — NAVSO P-3641A Qualification Process MQBL series converters are qualified to: • MIL-STD-810F — consistent with RTCA/D0-160E • SynQor’s First Article Qualification — consistent with MIL-STD-883F • SynQor’s Long-Term Storage Survivability Qualification • SynQor’s on-going life test In-Line Manufacturing Process • AS9100 and ISO 9001 certified facility • Full component traceability • Temperature cycling • Constant acceleration • 24, 96, 160 hour burn-in • Three level temperature screening Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 DesigneD & ManufactureD in the usa featuring Qorseal® hi-rel asseMbly Features • • • • • • • Fixed switching frequency No opto-isolators Output over-voltage shutdown Clock synchronization Primary referenced enable Continuous short circuit and overload protection Input under-voltage and over-voltage shutdown Specification Compliance MQBL series converters (with MQHE filter) are designed to meet: • MIL-HDBK-704-8 (A through F) • RTCA/DO-160 Section 16, 17, 18 • MIL-STD-1275 (B, D) for VIN > 16V • DEF-STAN 61-5 (part 6)/(5, 6) for VIN > 16V • MIL-STD-461 (C, D, E, F) • RTCA/DO-160(E, F, G) Section 22 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 1 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Technical Specification BLOCK DIAGRAM REGULATION STAGE 1 ISOLATION STAGE CURRENT SENSE POSITIVE INPUT T1 T1 T2 7 POSITIVE OUTPUT T2 2 8 INPUT RETURN ISOLATION BARRIER 3 CASE GATE DRIVERS UVLO OVSD CURRENT LIMIT 4 ENABLE 1 5 T2 9 NEGATIVE OUTPUT GATE DRIVERS 12 CONTROL POWER OVP PRIMARY CONTROL T1 OUTPUT RETURN DATA COUPLING SYNC OUTPUT NO CONNECT MAGNETIC SECONDARY CONTROL 11 NO CONNECT 10 TRIM 6 SYNC INPUT POSITIVE OUTPUT TYPICAL CONNECTION DIAGRAM 28Vdc + open means on Product# MQBL-28E-15D 1 +VIN 2 IN RTN 3 CASE 4 ENA 1 5 SYNC OUT 6 SYNC IN Phone 1-888-567-9596 N/C MQBL www.SynQor.com 12 N/C 11 TRIM 10 -VOUT 9 OUT RTN 8 Load +VOUT 7 Load Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 + + Page 2 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Technical Specification MQBL-28E-15D ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions Vin = 28V dc ±5%, +Iout = -Iout = 0.65A, CL = 0µF, free running (see Note 9) unless otherwise specified Specifications subject to change without notice ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Non-Operating 100 Operating 100 Reverse Bias (Tcase = 125ºC) -0.8 Reverse Bias (Tcase = -55ºC) -1.2 Isolation Voltage (I/O to case, I to O) Continuous -500 500 Transient (≤100µs) -800 800 Operating Case Temperature -55 125 Storage Case Temperature -65 135 Lead Temperature (20s) 300 Voltage at ENA1 -1.2 50 INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Range 16 28 70 “ 16 28 80 Input Under-Voltage Shutdown Turn-On Voltage Threshold 14.75 15.50 16.00 Turn-Off Voltage Threshold 14.00 14.75 15.50 Shutdown Voltage Hysteresis 0.65 0.85 1.05 Input Over-Voltage Shutdown Turn-Off Voltage Threshold 90.0 95.0 100.0 Turn-On Voltage Threshold 82.0 86.0 90.0 Shutdown Voltage Hysteresis 3.0 9.0 15.0 Maximum Input Current 1.7 No Load Input Current (operating) 75 100 Disabled Input Current 10 15 Input Terminal Current Ripple (pk-pk) 25 40 OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point (Tcase = 25ºC) Positive Ouput 14.85 15.00 15.15 Negative Output -15.15 -15.00 -14.85 Output Voltage Set Point Over Temperature Positive Ouput 14.78 15.00 15.22 Negative Output -15.22 -15.00 -14.78 Positive Output Voltage Line Regulation -60 0 60 Positive Output Voltage Load Regulation -125 0 125 Total Positive Output Voltage Range 14.70 15.00 15.30 Output Voltage Cross Regulation 200 450 750 Output Over-Voltage Shutdown 16.8 18.4 21.3 Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak to Peak 20 75 Operating Output Current Range 0 1.3 Single Output Operating Current Range 0 1.04 Operating Output Power Range 0 19.5 Output DC Current-Limit Inception 1.40 1.75 2.10 Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled 0.90 Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled 10 50 Maximum Output Capacitance 600 DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Deviation Load Transient For a Pos. Step Change in Load Current -600 -300 For a Neg. Step Change in Load Current 300 600 Output Voltage Deviation Line Transient For a Pos. Step Change in Line Voltage -200 200 For a Neg. Step Change in Line Voltage -200 200 Turn-On Transient Output Voltage Rise Time 6 10 Output Voltage Overshoot 0 2 Turn-On Delay, Rising Vin 5.5 8.0 Turn-On Delay, Rising ENA 3.0 6.0 Restart Inhibit Time 100 150 Short Circuit Start Time 12 14 20 Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 V V V V V V °C °C °C V V V V V V V V V A mA mA mA V V V V V V mV mV V mV V mV A A W A A mA µF mV mV mV mV ms % ms ms ms ms Group A Subgroup (see Note 11) See Note 1 HB Grade Products, See Notes 2 & 15 Continuous Transient, 1s See Note 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 See Note 3 Vin = 16V; +Iout = -Iout = 0.65A 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 ENA Bandwidth = 100kHz – 10MHz; see Figure 14 See Note 14 1 1 See Note 14 See Note 14 See Note 14; +Vout @(+Iout=-Iout=0A) - +Vout @(+Iout=-Iout=0.65A) See Note 14 See Notes 13 and 14; -Vout@(+Iout=-Iout=0.26A) - -Vout@(+Iout=1.04A, -Iout=0.26A) Bandwidth = 10MHz; CL=11µF on both outputs (+Iout) + (-Iout) Maximum +Iout or -Iout Total on both outputs See Note 4; +Iout + -Iout; +Iout = -Iout Total on both outputs See Note 6 Total Iout step = 0.65A to 1.3A, 0.13A to 0.65A; CL=11µF on both outputs “ Vin step = 16V to 40V; CL=11µF on both outputs; see Note 7 +Vout = 1.5V to 13.5V; Full Resistive Load Resistive load ENA = 5V; see Notes 8 & 10 See Note 10 See Note 10 Duration of pulse width, see Figure 22 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 2, 3 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 See Note 5 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 See Note 5 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 See Note 5 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4 09/14/15 Page 3 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Technical Specification MQBL-28E-15D ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued) Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions Vin = 28V dc ±5%, +Iout = -Iout = 0.65A, CL = 0µF, free running (see Note 9) unless otherwise specified Specifications subject to change without notice EFFICIENCY Iout = 1.3 A (16 Vin) Iout = 0.65 A (16 Vin) Iout = 1.3 A (28 Vin) Iout = 0.65 A (28 Vin) Iout = 1.3 A (70 Vin) Iout = 0.65 A (70 Vin) Iout = 1.3 A (80 Vin) Load Fault Power Dissipation ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Isolation Voltage Input RTN to Output RTN Any Input Pin to Case Any Output Pin to Case Isolation Resistance (in rtn to out rtn) Isolation Resistance (any pin to case) Isolation Capacitance (in rtn to out rtn) FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency (free running) Synchronization Input Frequency Range Logic Level High Logic Level Low Duty Cycle Synchronization Output Pull Down Current Duty Cycle Enable Control (ENA) Off-State Voltage Module Off Pulldown Current On-State Voltage Module On Pin Leakage Current Pull-Up Voltage Output Voltage Trim Range RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS Calculated MTBF (MIL-STD-217F2) GB @ Tcase = 70ºC AIF @ Tcase = 70ºC WEIGHT CHARACTERISTICS Device Weight 82 81 81 80 77 73 76 Group A Subgroup (see Note 11) 86 85 85 84 81 77 80 1.3 % % % % % % % W 22 V V V MΩ MΩ nF 1 1 1 1 1 1 600 kHz 1, 2, 3 500 2.0 -0.5 20 700 5.5 0.8 80 kHz V V % 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 See Note 5 20 40 60 mA % 1, 2, 3 Sustained short circuit on output Dielectric strength 500 500 500 100 100 500 550 0.8 80 2 3.2 -10 4.0 20 4.8 10 V µA V µA V % 2540 192 103 Hrs. 103 Hrs. 35 g VSYNC OUT = 0.8V Output connected to SYNC IN of other MQBL unit Current drain required to ensure module is off Imax draw from pin allowed with module still on See Figure A See Figure E See Note 5 See Note 5 1, 2, 3 See Note 5 1, 2, 3 See Note 5 1, 2, 3 Electrical Characteristics Notes 1. Converter will undergo input over-voltage shutdown. 2. Derate output power for continuous operation per Figure 11. 3. High or low state of input voltage must persist for about 200µs to be acted on by the shutdown circuitry. 4. Current limit inception is defined as the point where the output voltage has dropped to 90% of its nominal value. See Current Limit discussion in Features Description section. 5. Parameter not tested but guaranteed to the limit specified. 6. Load current transition time ≥ 10µs. 7. Line voltage transition time ≥ 100µs. 8. Input voltage rise time ≤ 250µs. 9. Operating the converter at a synchronization frequency above the free running frequency will cause the converter’s efficiency to be slightly reduced and it may also cause a slight reduction in the maximum output current/power available. For more information consult the factory. 10. After a disable or fault event, module is inhibited from restarting for 100ms. See Shut Down section of the Control Features description. 11. Only the ES and HB grade products are tested at three temperatures. The C grade products are tested at one temperature. Please refer to the Construction and Environmental Stress Screening Options table for details. 12. These derating curves apply for the ES- and HB- grade products. The C- grade product has a maximum case temperature of 100ºC. 13. The regulation stage operates to control the positive output. The negative ouput displays the cross regulation. 14. All +Vout and -Vout voltage measurements are made with Kelvin probes on the ouput leads. 15. The specified operating case temperature for ES grade products is -45ºC to 100ºC. The specified operating case temperature for C grade products is 0ºC to 70ºC. Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 4 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Technical Figures 5 90 4.5 4 Power Dissipation (W) Efficiency (%) 85 80 75 70 16 Vin 0 5 10 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 28 Vin 1 70 Vin 0.5 15 0 20 16 Vin 28 Vin 70 Vin 0 Total Output Power (W) 5 10 15 20 Total Output Power (W) Figure 1: Efficiency vs. output power, from zero load to full load with equal load on the +15V and -15V outputs at minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at Tcase=25°C. Figure 2: Power dissipation vs. output power, from zero load to full load with equal load on the +15V and -15V outputs at minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at Tcase=25°C. 4.5 90 4 3.5 Power Dissipation (W) Efficiency (%) 85 80 75 16 Vin 28 Vin 70 Vin 70 1.1/0 0.94/0.134 0.8/0.27 0.67/0.4 0.54/0.54 0.4/0.67 0.27/0.8 0.134/0.94 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 16 Vin 0.5 70 Vin 0 1.1/0 0/1.1 Load Current (A), +Iout / -Iout 28 Vin 0.94/0.134 0.8/0.27 0.67/0.4 0.54/0.54 0.4/0.67 0.27/0.8 0.134/0.94 0/1.1 Load Current (A), +Iout / -Iout Figure 3: Efficiency vs. output power, with total output current fixed at 80% load (15.6W) and loads split as shown between the +15V and -15V outputs at minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at Tcase=25°C. Figure 4: Power dissipation vs. output power, with total output current fixed at 80% load (15.4W) and loads split as shown between the +15V and -15V outputs at minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at Tcase=25°C. 4.5 90 4 3.5 Power Dissipation (W) Efficiency (%) 85 80 75 16 Vin 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 28 Vin 70 Vin 70 -55ºC 25ºC 0 -55ºC 125ºC Case Temperature (ºC) Phone 1-888-567-9596 28 Vin 70 Vin 25ºC 125ºC Case Temperature (ºC) Figure 5: Efficiency at 60% load (0.39A load on +15V and 0.39A load on -15V) versus case temperature for Vin = 16V, 28V and 70V. Product# MQBL-28E-15D 16 Vin 0.5 Figure 6: Power Dissipation at 60% load (0.39A load on +15V and 0.39A load on -15V) versus case temperature for Vin = 16V, 28V and 70V. www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 5 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total 15.5 -15.5 -15.4 15.4 -15.4 15.3 -15.3 15.3 -15.3 15.2 -15.2 15.2 -15.2 15.1 -15.1 15.1 -15.1 15 -15.0 15 -15.0 14.9 -14.9 14.9 -14.9 14.8 -14.8 14.8 -14.8 14.7 -14.7 14.7 -Vout -14.6 14.6 0.67/0.67 -14.5 0.27/1.1 +Vout 14.5 1.1/0.27 0.8/0.54 +IOUT (A) 0.54/0.8 -14.7 +Vout -14.6 -Vout 14.5 1.04/0 0.78/0.26 / -IOUT (A) 0.52/0.52 -14.5 0/1.04 0.26/0.78 +IOUT (A) / -IOUT (A) Figure 7: Load regulation vs. load current with power fixed at full load (19.5W) and load currents split as shown between the +15V and -15V outputs, at niminal input voltage and Tcase = 25ºC. Figure 8: Load regulation vs. load current with power fixed at 80% load (15.6W) and load currents split as shown between the +15V and -15V outputs, at niminal input voltage and Tcase = 25ºC. -15.5 15.4 -15.4 15.3 -15.3 15.3 -15.3 15.2 -15.2 15.2 -15.2 15.1 -15.1 15 -15.0 14.9 -14.9 14.8 -14.8 14.7 -14.7 14.7 -14.6 14.6 -14.5 14.5 +Vout 14.6 14.5 -Vout 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Positive Output (V) 15.5 -15.4 Negative Output (V) -15.5 15.4 Positive Output (V) 15.5 15.1 -15.1 15 -15 14.9 -14.9 14.8 -14.8 -14.7 +Vout -14.6 -Vout 4 6 8 Total Output Power (W) 10 12 Negative Output (V) 14.6 Negative Output (V) -15.5 15.4 Positive Output (V) 15.5 Negative Output (V) Positive Output (V) Technical Figures 14 16 18 20 -14.5 Total Output Power (W) Figure 9: Load regulation vs. total output power from zero to full load where +Iout equals three times -Iout a nominal input voltage and Tcase = 25ºC. 1.67 25 1.33 20 1.00 15 Figure 10: Load regulation vs. total output power from zero to full load where -Iout equals three times +Iout a nominal input voltage and Tcase = 25ºC. 16 Tjmax = 105º C 0.33 5 Tjmax = 125º C 25 45 10 8 6 4 2 Tjmax = 145º C 0.00 Output Voltage (V) 10 0.67 12 Pout (W) Iout (A) 14 65 85 105 125 145 0 0 Figure 11: Output Current / Output Power derating curve as a function of Tcase and the Maximum desired power MOSFET junction temperature at Vin = 28V (see Note 12). Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 Load Current (A) Case Temperature (ºC) Figure 12: Positive output voltage vs. total load current, evenly split, showing typical current limit curves at Vin = 28V. www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 6 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Technical Figures Figure 13: Turn-on transient at full load current (resistive load) (5ms/ div). Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1: +Vout (10V/div); Ch 2: -Vout (10V/ div); Ch 3: Enable1 input (5V/div). Figure 14: Turn-on transient at zero load current (5ms/div). Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1: +Vout (10V/div); Ch 2: -Vout (10V/div); Ch 3: Enable1 input (5V/div). Figure 15: Turn-on transient at full load current, after application of input voltage (ENA 1 logic high) (5ms/div). Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1: +Vout (10V/div); Ch 2: -Vout (10V/div); Ch 3: Vin (20V/div). Figure 16: Output voltage response to step-change in total load current (50%100%-50%) of total Iout (max) split 50%/50%. Load cap: 1μF ceramic cap and 10μF, 100mΩ ESR tantalum cap (2ms/div). Ch 1: +Vout (200mV/div); Ch 2: +Iout (1.0A/div); Ch 3: -Vout (200mV/div); Ch 4: -Iout (1.0A/div). Figure 17: Output voltage response to step-change in total load current (0%-50%0%) of total Iout (max) split 50%/50%. Load cap: 1μF ceramic cap and 10μF, 100mΩ ESR tantalum cap (2ms/div). Ch 1: +Vout (500mV/div); Ch 2: +Iout (1.0A/ div); Ch 3: -Vout (500mV/div); Ch 4: -Iout (1.0A/div). Figure 18: Output voltage response to step-change in input voltage (16V-40V16V). Load cap: 1μF ceramic cap and 10μF, 100mΩ ESR tantalum cap (1ms/div). Ch 1: +Vout (200mV/div); Ch 2: -Vout (200mV/div); Ch 3: Vin (20V/div). Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 7 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Technical Figures Figure 19: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 20) and Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 21). Figure 20: Input terminal current ripple, ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with SynQor MQ filter module (50mA/div), (1us/div). Bandwidth; 20MHz. See Figure 19. Figure 21: Output voltage ripple, +Vout (Ch 1) and -Vout (Ch 2),at nominal input voltage and full load current evenly split (50mV/div), (1us/div). Load capacitance: 1μF ceramic cap and 10μF tantalum cap.. Bandwidth; 10MHz. See Figure 19. Figure 22: Rise of output voltage after the removal of a short across the positive output terminals (50ms/div). Ch l: +Vout (10V/div); Ch 2: -Vout (10V/div); Ch 3:+Iout (1A/div). Output Impedance (ohms) 10 1 0.1 16 Vin 28 Vin 70 Vin 0.01 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz Figure 23: SYNC OUT vs. time, driving SYNC IN of a second SynQor MQBL converter (1us/div). Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure 24: Magnitude of incremental output impedance of +15V output (+Zout =+ vout/+iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power (80-20 split). www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 8 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Technical Figures 10 0 1 0.1 16 Vin Forward Transmission (dB) Output Impedance (ohms) -10 28 Vin 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 16 Vin -80 28 Vin -90 70 Vin 0.01 -20 -100 70 Vin 100 1,000 Hz 0 15 -10 10 -20 5 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 16 Vin -80 -90 100 1,000 100,000 Figure 26: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission of +15V output (+FT = +vout/+vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power (80-20 split). Reverse Transmission (dB) Forward Transmission (dB) Figure 25: Magnitude of incremental output impedance of -15V output (-Zout = -vout/-iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power (80-20 split). -100 10,000 Hz 10,000 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 28 Vin -30 70 Vin -35 -40 100,000 Hz 16 Vin 28 Vin 70 Vin 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz Figure 27: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission of -15V output (-FT = -vout/-vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power (80-20 split). 10 Figure 28: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission of +15V output (+RT = +iin/+iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power (80-20 split). 10000 1000 0 Input Impedance (ohms) Reverse Transmission (dB) 5 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 16 Vin 28 Vin -30 -35 100 10 16 Vin 28 Vin 1 70 Vin 70 Vin 10 100 1,000 10,000 0.1 100,000 Hz Phone 1-888-567-9596 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz Figure 29: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission of -15V output (-RT = -iin/-iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated powe (80-20 split). Product# MQBL-28E-15D 10 Figure 30: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = vin/iin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power (8020 split). www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 9 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Technical Figures Figure 31: High frequency conducted emissions of standalone MQHL-2805S, 5Vout module at 50W output, as measured with Method CE102. Limit line shown is the ‘Basic Curve’ for all applications with a 28V source. Figure 32: High frequency conducted emissions of MQHL-28-05S, 5Vout module at 50W output with MQHE-28-P filter, as measured with Method CE102. Limit line shown is the ‘Basic Curve’ for all applications with a 28V source. Data Pending Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 10 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Application Section BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES The MQBL DC/DC converter uses a two-stage power conversion topology. The first, or regulation, stage is a buck-converter that keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line, load, and temperature. The second, or isolation, stage uses transformers to provide the functions of input/output isolation and voltage transformation to achieve the output voltage required. In the dual output converter there are two secondary windings in the transformer of the isolation stage, one for each output. There is only one regulation stage, however, and it is used to control the positive output. The negative output therefore displays “Cross-Regulation”, meaning that its output voltage depends on how much current is drawn from each output. output over-voltage limit. There is also an output current limit that is nearly constant as the load impedance decreases (i.e., there is not fold-back or fold-forward characteristic to the output current under this condition). When a load fault is removed, the output voltage rises exponentially to its nominal value without an overshoot. If a load fault pulls the output voltage below about 60% of nominal, the converter will shut down to attempt to clear the load fault. After a short delay it will try to auto-restart. The MQBL converter’s control circuit does not implement an over-temperature shutdown. The following sections describe the use and operation of additional control features provided by the MQBL converter. CONTROL FEATURES Both the positive and the negative outputs share a common OUTPUT RETURN pin. Both the regulation and the isolation stages switch at a fixed frequency for predictable EMI performance. The isolation stage switches at one half the frequency of the regulation stage, but due to the push-pull nature of this stage it creates a ripple at double its switching frequency. As a result, both the input and the output of the converter have a fundamental ripple frequency of about 550 kHz in the free-running mode. Rectification of the isolation stage’s output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers. These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low resistance, dissipate far less energy than would Schottky diodes. This is the primary reason why the MQBL converters have such high efficiency, particularly at low output voltages. Besides improving efficiency, the synchronous rectifiers permit operation down to zero load current. There is no longer a need for a minimum load, as is typical for converters that use diodes for rectification. The synchronous rectifiers actually permit a negative load current to flow back into the converter’s output terminals if the load is a source of short or long term energy. The MQBL converters employ a “backdrive current limit” to keep this negative output terminal current small. There is a control circuit in the MQBL converter that determines the conduction state of the power switches. It communicates across the isolation barrier through a magnetically coupled device. No opto-isolators are used. An input under-voltage shutdown feature with hysteresis is provided, as well as an input over-voltage shutdown and an Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 5V 82.5K PIN4 PIN2 ENA1 10K TO ENABLE CIRCUITRY IN RTN Figure A: Circuit diagram shown for reference only, actual circuit components may differ from values shown for equivalent circuit. ENABLE: The MQBL converter has one enable pin, ENA1 (pin 4), which is referenced with respect to the converter’s input return (pin 2). It must have a logic high level for the converter to be enabled; a logic low inhibits the converter. The enable pin is internally pulled high so that an open connection will enable the converter. Figure A shows the equivalent circuit looking into the enable pin. It is TTL compatible and has hysteresis. SHUT DOWN: The MQBL converter will shut down in response to only five conditions: ENA input low, VIN input below under-voltage shutdown threshold, VIN input above over-voltage shutdown threshold, output voltage below the output under-voltage threshold, and output voltage above the output over-voltage threshold. Following any shutdown event, there is a startup inhibit delay which will prevent the converter from restarting for approximately 100ms. After the 100ms delay elapses, if the enable inputs are high and the input voltage is within the operating range, the converter www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 11 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Application Section will restart. If the VIN input is brought down to nearly 0V and back into the operating range, there is no startup inhibit, and the output voltage will rise according to the “Turn-On Delay, Rising Vin” specification. SYNCHRONIZATION: The MQBL converter’s switching frequency can be synchronized to an external frequency source that is in the 500 kHz to 700 kHz range. A pulse train at the desired frequency should be applied to the SYNC IN pin (pin 6) with respect to the INPUT RETURN (pin 2). This pulse train should have a duty cycle in the 20% to 80% range. Its low value should be below 0.8V to be guaranteed to be interpreted as a logic low, and its high value should be above 2.0V to be guaranteed to be interpreted as a logic high. The transition time between the two states should be less than 300ns. If the MQBL converter is not to be synchronized, the SYNC IN pin should be left open circuit. The converter will then operate in its free-running mode at a frequency of approximately 550 kHz. If, due to a fault, the SYNC IN pin is held in either a logic low or logic high state continuously, or the SYNC IN frequency is outside the 500-700 kHz range, the MQBL converter will revert to its free-running frequency. The MQBL converter also has a SYNC OUT pin (pin 5). This output can be used to drive the SYNC IN pins of as many as ten (10) other MQBL converters. The pulse train coming out of SYNC OUT has a duty cycle of 50% and a frequency that matches the switching frequency of the converter with which it is associated. This frequency is either the free-running frequency if there is no valid synchronization signal at the SYNC IN pin, or the synchronization frequency if there is. The synchronization feature is entirely compatible with that of SynQor’s MQFL family of converters. OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM: If desired, it is possible to increase or decrease the MQBL dual converter’s output voltage from its nominal value. To increase the output voltage a resistor, Rtrim up, should be connected between TRIM pin (pin 10) and the OUTPUT RETURN pin (pin 8), as shown in Figure D. The value of this resistor should be determined according to the following equation of from Figure E: Rtrim up(Ω) = 8300Ω*Vnom Vout - Vnom - 41700Ω where: Vnom = the converter’s nominal output voltage, Vout = the desired output voltage (greater than Vnom), and Rtrim up is in Ohms. As the output voltage is trimmed up, it produces a greater voltage stress on the converter’s internal components and may cause the converter to fail to deliver the desired output voltage at the low end of the input voltage range at the higher end of the load current and temperature range. Please consult the factory for details. To trim the output voltage below its nominal value, connect an external resistor (Rtrim down) between the TRIM pin and the POSITIVE OUTPUT pin (pin 7), and another resistor (Rtrim sense) connected between the TRIM pin and the OUTPUT RETURN pin as shown in Figure D. The values of these trim down resistors should be chosen according to the following equation or from Figure E: Rtrim down(Ω) = 50100Ω*Vout - 27500Ω*Vnom - 137500Ω Vnom - Vout Rtrim sense(Ω) = 0.43 * Rtrim down(Ω) where: Figure B shows the equivalent circuit looking into the SYNC IN pin and Figure C shows the equivalent circuit looking into the SYNC OUT pin. Vnom = the converter’s nominal output voltage, Vout = the desired output voltage (less than Vnom), and Rtrim down and Rtrim sense are in Ohms. 5V 5V 5K PIN 6 PIN 2 SYNC IN 5K 5K TO SYNC CIRCUITRY SYNC OUT FROM SYNC CIRCUITRY IN RTN IN RTN OPEN COLLECTOR OUTPUT Figure B: Equivalent circuit looking into the SYNC IN pin with respect to the IN RTN (input return) pin. Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 PIN 5 PIN 2 Figure C: Equivalent circuit looking into SYNC OUT pin with respect to the IN RTN (input return) pin. www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 12 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Application Section INPUT OVER-VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN: The MQBL converter also has an over-voltage feature that ensures the converter will be off if the input voltage is too high. It also has a hysteresis and time delay to ensure proper operation. OUTPUT OVER-VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN: The MQBL converter will shut down if the voltage at its power output pins ever exceeds about 130% of the nominal value. The shutdown threshold does not change with output trim or sense drops; excessive trim-up or output wiring drops may cause an output over-voltage shutdown event. After a startup inhibit delay, the converter will attempt to restart. OUTPUT UNDER-VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN: The MQBL converter will also shut down if the voltage at its power output pins ever dips below 60% of the nominal value for more than a few milliseconds. Output voltage reduction due to output current overload (current limit) is the most common trigger for this shutdown. The shutdown threshold does not change with output trim but at only 10%, trimdown should not trigger this event. After a startup inhibit delay, the converter will attempt to restart. This shutdown is disabled during startup. 28Vdc + open means on 1 +VIN 2 IN RTN 3 CASE 4 ENA 1 5 SYNC OUT 6 SYNC IN 10000 External Trim Resistance (kOhms) INPUT UNDER-VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN: The MQBL converter has an under-voltage shutdown feature that ensures the converter will be off if the input voltage is too low. The input voltage turn-on threshold is higher than the turn-off threshold. In addition, the MQBL converter will not respond to a state of the input voltage unless it has remained in that state for more than about 200µs. This hysteresis and the delay ensure proper operation when the source impedance is high or in a noisy environment. Trim Up Trim Down Trim Sense 1000 100 10 -10% -8% -6% -4% -2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% Output Voltage Adjustment Figure E: Trim up and Trim down as a function of external trim resistance. BACK-DRIVE CURRENT LIMIT: Converters that use MOSFETs as synchronous rectifiers are capable of drawing a negative current from the load if the load is a source of short- or long-term energy. This negative current is referred to as a “back-drive current”. Conditions where back-drive current might occur include paralleled converters that do not employ current sharing. It can also occur when converters having different output voltages are connected together through either explicit or parasitic diodes that, while normally off, become conductive during startup or shutdown. Finally, some loads, such as motors, can return energy to their power rail. Even a load capacitor is a source of back-drive energy for some period of time during a shutdown transient. N/C MQBL 12 N/C 11 TRIM 10 Rtrim up / Rtrim sense Rtrim down -VOUT 9 OUT RTN 8 Load +VOUT 7 Load + + Figure D: Typical connection for output voltage trimming. Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 13 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Application Section To avoid any problems that might arise due to back-drive current, the MQBL converters limit the negative current that the converter can draw from its output terminals. The threshold for this back-drive current limit is placed sufficiently below zero so that the converter may operate properly down to zero load, but its absolute value (see the Electrical Characteristics page) is small compared to the converter’s rated output current. CURRENT LIMIT: In the event of excess load, the MQBL converter will quickly reduce its output voltage to keep the load current within safe limits (see Figure 12). If the overload persists for more than 14 milliseconds, the converter will shut off, wait a restart delay, and then automatically attempt to re-start. The timeout is internally implemented with an integrator: counting up whenever current limit is active, and counting down at 1/5th the rate whenever current limit becomes inactive. In this way a series of short-duration overloads will not cause the converter to shut down, while it will shut down in response to sustained overloads. THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS: Figure 11 shows the suggested Power Derating Curves for this converter as a function of the case temperature and the maximum desired power MOSFET junction temperature. All other components within the converter are cooler than its hottest MOSFET, which at full power is no more than 20ºC higher than the case temperature directly below this MOSFET. When the converter is mounted on a metal plate, the plate will help to make the converter’s case bottom a uniform temperature. How well it does so depends on the thickness of the plate and on the thermal conductance of the interface layer (e.g. thermal grease, thermal pad, etc.) between the case and the plate. Unless this is done very well, it is important not to mistake the plate’s temperature for the maximum case temperature. It is easy for them to be as much as 5-10ºC different at full power and at high temperatures. It is suggested that a thermocouple be attached directly to the converter’s case through a small hole in the plate when investigating how hot the converter is getting. Care must also be made to ensure that there is not a large thermal resistance between the thermocouple and the case due to whatever adhesive might be used to hold the thermocouple in place. INPUT SYSTEM INSTABILITY: This condition can occur because any dc-dc converter appears incrementally as a negative resistance load. A detailed application note titled “Input System Instability” is available on the SynQor website which provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for correcting it. The Mil-HDBK-1547A component derating guideline calls for a maximum component temperature of 105ºC. Figure 11 therefore has one power derating curve that ensures this limit is maintained. It has been SynQor’s extensive experience that reliable long-term converter operation can be achieved with a maximum component temperature of 125ºC. In extreme cases, a maximum temperature of 145ºC is permissible, but not recommended for long-term operation where high reliability is required. Derating curves for these higher temperature limits are also included in Figure 11. The maximum case temperature at which the converter should be operated is 135ºC. Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 14 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Stress Screening CONSTRUCTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS SCREENING OPTIONS Consistent with MIL-STD-883F Screening C-Grade ES-Grade from ( specified 0 °C to +70 °C ) Element Evaluation HB-Grade from from ( -45specified ( -55specified °C to +100 °C ) °C to +125 °C ) No Yes Yes Yes Yes Internal Visual * Yes Temperature Cycle Method 1010 No Constant Acceleration Method 2001 (Y1 Direction) No 500g Condition A (5000g) Burn-in Method 1015 24 Hrs @ +125 °C 96 Hrs @ +125 °C 160 Hrs @ +125 °C Final Electrical Test Method 5005 (Group A) +25 °C -45, +25, +100 °C -55, +25, +125 °C Full QorSeal Full QorSeal Full QorSeal * Yes Yes QorSeal QorSeal QorSeal Mechanical Seal, Thermal, and Coating Process External Visual 2009 Construction Process Condition B Condition C (-55 °C to +125 °C) (-65 °C to +150 °C) * Per IPC-A-610 Class 3 MilQor converters and filters are offered in three variations of environmental stress screening options. All MilQor converters use SynQor’s proprietary QorSeal® Hi-Rel assembly process that includes a Parylene-C coating of the circuit, a high performance thermal compound filler, and a nickel barrier gold plated aluminum case. Each successively higher grade has more stringent mechanical and electrical testing, as well as a longer burn-in cycle. The ES- and HB-Grades are also constructed of components that have been procured through an element evaluation process that prequalifies each new batch of devices. Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 15 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Technical Specifications MIL-STD-810F Qualification Testing MIL-STD-810F Test Fungus Method Description 508.5 Table 508.5-I 500.4 - Procedure I Storage: 70,000ft. / 2 Hr. duration 500.4 - Procedure II Operating; 70,000ft. / 2 Hr. duration; Ambient Temperature Rapid Decompression 500.4 - Procedure III Storage: 8,000ft. to 40,000ft. Acceleration 513.5 - Procedure II Operating - 15g’s Salt Fog 509.4 Storage 501.4 - Procedure I Storage: 135°C / 3 hrs 501.4 - Procedure II Operating: 100°C / 3 hrs 502.4 - Procedure I Storage: -65°C / 4 hrs 502.4 - Procedure II Operating: -55°C / 3 hrs Altitude High Temperature Low Temperature Temperature Shock 503.4 - Procedure I - C Storage: -65°C to 135°C; 12 cycles Rain 506.4 - Procedure I Wind Blown Rain Immersion 512.4 - Procedure I Non-Operating Humidity 507.4 - Procedure II Random Vibration 514.5 - Procedure I 10-2000 Hz, PSD level of 1.5 g2/Hz(54.6grms), duration = 1 hr/axis 516.5 - Procedure I 20g’s peak, 11ms, Functional Shock (Operating no load) (saw tooth) 516.5 - Procedure VI Bench Handling Shock Shock Sinusoidal vibration Sand and Dust Product# MQBL-28E-15D 514.5 - Category 14 Aggravated cycle @ 95% RH (Figure 507.5-7 aggravated temp humidity cycle, 15 cycles) Rotary wing aircraft - helicopter, 4hrs/axis, 20g’s (sine sweep from 10 500HZ) 510.4 - Procedure I Blowing Dust 510.4 - Procedure II Blowing Sand Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 16 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Technical Specifications First Article Testing consistent with MIL-STD-883F MIL-STD-883F Test Method Description Electrical Tests 5005 Physical Dimensions test 2016 Resistance to Solvents test 2015.13 Solderability test 2003.8 Lead Integrity test 2004.5 Salt Atmosphere test 1009.8 Adhesion of Lead Finish test 2025.4 Altitude Operation test 1001 Condition “C” ESD Sensitivity 3015.7 Class 2 Stabilization Bake test 1008.2 Condition “C” Vibration Fatigue test 2005.2 Condition “A” Random Vibration test 2026 Condition “II K” Condition “A” Sequential Test Group #1 Life Test – Steady State test 1005.8 Life Test – Intermittent Duty test 1006 Sequential Test Group #2 Temperature Cycle test 1010.8 Condition “C” Constant Acceleration test 2001.2 Condition “A” Thermal Shock test 1011.9 Condition “B” Temperature Cycle test 1010.8 Condition “C” Moisture Resistance test 1004.7 With Sub cycle Mechanical Shock test 2002.4 Condition “B” Variable Frequency Vibration test 2007.3 Condition “A” Sequential Test Group #3 Sequential Test Group #4 Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 17 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Mechanical Diagrams PIN DESIGNATIONS Pin # Function 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 MQBL-28E-15D-S-ES DC-DC ConvErtEr 28vin ±15vout @ 1.3A Positive input Input return Case Enable 1 Sync output Sync input Positive output Output return Negative output Trim No connection No connection Case S NOTES 1) Pins: Diameter: 0.040" (1.02mm) Material: Copper Alloy Finish: Gold over Nickel plate 2) Case: Material: Aluminum Finish: Gold over Nickel plate 3) All dimensions are in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx": +/-0.02" (x.xmm: +/-0.5mm) x.xxx": +/-0.010" (x.xxmm +/-0.25mm) 4) Weight: MQBL-28E-15D-F-ES DC-DC ConvErtEr 28vin ±15vout @ 1.3A Standard: 1.17oz (33.3g) Flanged: 1.24oz (35.1g) 5) Flanged version can be mounted using the 2 center holes or the 4 outer holes 6) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class III Case F Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 18 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Ordering Information MilQor Converter FAMILY MATRIX The tables below show the array of MilQor converters available. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete part number according to the table in the last page. Contact the factory for other requirements. Single Output MQHL-28 16-40Vin Cont. 16-50Vin 1s Trans.* Dual Output † 1.5V (1R5S) 1.8V (1R8S) 2.5V (2R5S) 3.3V (3R3S) 5V (05S) 6V (06S) 7.5V (7R5S) 9V (09S) 12V (12S) 15V (15S) 28V (28S) 5V (05D) 12V (12D) 15V (15D) 20A 20A 20A 15A 10A 8A 6.6A 5.5A 4A 3.3A 1.8A 10A Total 4A Total 3.3A Total 20A 20A 20A 15A 10A 8A 6.6A 5.5A 4A 3.3A 1.8A 10A Total 4A Total 3.3A Total 10A 10A 10A 7.5A 5A 4A 3.3A 2.75A 2A 1.65A 0.9A 5A Total 2A Total 1.65A Total 10A 10A 10A 7.5A 5A 4A 3.3A 2.75A 2A 1.65A 0.9A 5A Total 2A Total 1.65A Total 1.5V (1R5S) 1.8V (1R8S) 2.5V (2R5S) 3.3V (3R3S) 5V (05S) 6V (06S) 7.5V (7R5S) 9V (09S) 12V (12S) 15V (15S) 28V (28S) 5V (05D) 12V (12D) 15V (15D) 8A 8A 8A 6A 4A 3.3A 2.6A 2.2A 1.6A 1.3A 0.7A 4A Total 1.6A Total 1.3A Total 8A 8A 8A 6A 4A 3.3A 2.6A 2.2A 1.6A 1.3A 0.7A 4A Total 1.6A Total 1.3A Total Absolute Max Vin = 60V MQHL-28E 16-70Vin Cont. 16-80Vin 1s Trans.* Absolute Max Vin =100V MQHR-28 16-40Vin Cont. 16-50Vin 1s Trans.* Absolute Max Vin = 60V MQHR-28E 16-70Vin Cont. 16-80Vin 1s Trans.* Absolute Max Vin = 100V Single Output Dual Output † MQBL-28 16-40Vin Cont. 16-50Vin 1s Trans.* Absolute Max Vin = 60V MQBL-28E 16-70Vin Cont. 16-80Vin 1s Trans.* Absolute Max Vin =100V Check with factory for availability. †80% of total output current available on any one output. *Converters may be operated at the highest transient input voltage, but some component electrical and thermal stresses would be beyond MILHDBK-1547A guidelines. Product# MQBL-28E-15D Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 19 MQBL-28E-15D Output: ±15V Current: 1.3A Total Ordering Information PART NUMBERING SYSTEM The part numbering system for SynQor’s MilQor DC-DC converters follows the format shown in the table below. Not all combinations make valid part numbers, please contact SynQor for availability. See the Product Summary web page for more options. Example: Input Voltage Range Model Name 28 28E MQBL MQBL-28E-15D-F-ES Output Voltage(s) Single Output Dual Output 1R5S 1R8S 2R5S 3R3S 05S 06S 7R5S 09S 12S 15S 28S 05D 12D 15D Package Outline/ Pin Configuration Screening Grade S F C ES HB APPLICATION NOTES A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from the SynQor website. Contact SynQor for further information and to order: Phone: Toll Free: Fax: E-mail: Web: Address: Product# MQBL-28E-15D 978-849-0600 1-888-567-9596 978-849-0602 [email protected] www.synqor.com 155 Swanson Road Boxborough, MA 01719 USA Phone 1-888-567-9596 PATENTS SynQor holds numerous U.S. patents, one or more of which apply to most of its power converter products. Any that apply to the product(s) listed in this document are identified by markings on the product(s) or on internal components of the product(s) in accordance with U.S. patent laws. SynQor’s patents include the following: 5,999,417 6,222,742 6,545,890 6,594,159 6,731,520 6,894,468 6,896,526 6,927,987 7,050,309 7,072,190 7,085,146 7,119,524 7,269,034 7,272,021 7,272,023 7,558,083 7,564,702 7,765,687 7,787,261 8,023,290 8,149,597 8,493,751 8,644,027 Warranty SynQor offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor. www.SynQor.com Doc.# 005-0006549 Rev. 2 09/14/15 Page 20