AM9468 Green SINGLE PHASE FULL WAVE DIRECT PWM MOTOR DRIVER Description Pin Assignments NEW PRODUCT The AM9468 is a high performance ultra low noise single phase (single-coil) brushless direct current (BLDC) fan and motor driver. The integrated full-bridge driver output stage uses a BTL linear driver architecture to minimize audible switching noise and electromagnetic interference (EMI) providing a low noise solution. (Top View) OUT1 1 16 OUT2 VDD 2 15 RF REGH 3 14 GND 5VREG 4 13 PWM VCONT 5 12 CPWM RMI 6 11 HIN- FG 7 10 HB RD 8 9 HIN+ For system flexibility the motor speed can be controlled by either an external PWM signal or by a DC voltage or from a thermistor network. Based on the input signal, the AM9468 adjusts the output duty cycle. To help protect the motor coil, the AM9468 provides Rotor Lock Protection which shuts down the output drive if rotor lock is detected. The device automatically re-starts when the rotor lock is removed. In case of over voltage, the device shuts down the output drive and enters standby mode to help prevent over voltage stress on the coil. Over temperature shutdown provides thermal protection for the device. A Tachometer output is provided by open-drain Frequency Generator (FG) Pin which allows external interface to monitor motor rotation or speed. The FG output is the magnetic change frequency. Additionally, a rotor lock detect output is provided by open-drain RD pin. TSSOP-16 The AM9468 is available in power capable low profile TSSOP-16 package. Applications Features Single-Phase Full Wave BLDC Fan/Motor Drive with BTL Output (BTL Amplifier Gain = 49dB) Low Noise Architecture Wide Operating Voltage Range: 2.4V to 18V PWM Speed Control with External PWM Input DC Voltage Speed Control by Adjusting VCONT and RMI Voltage Hall Bias Output: VHB = 1.25V Built-in Quick Start Circuit Lock Protection with Automatic Restart Frequency Generator (FG) Output Rotor Lock Detection (RD) Output Current Limit Circuit RF Defines The Current Limit; RF = 1Ω will Achieve 250mA Current Limit Thermal Shut-Down (TSD) Circuit Lead-Free Finish; RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2) Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3) Notes: • • • • 9V/ 12V / 15V BLDC Cooling Fans and Motors CPU Cooling Fans for Notebooks and Desktop BLDC Fans Instruments Cooling Fans Medium Voltage/ Low Power BLDC Motors 1. EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant. All applicable RoHS exemptions applied. 2. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 1 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Typical Applications Circuit (Notes 4 and 5 ) Motor Coil 1 OUT1 SYSTEM POWER 2 D1 C1 NEW PRODUCT Dz OUT2 16 RF 15 VDD 3 REGH RF AM9468 GND 14 PWM 13 CPWM 12 HIN- 11 FG HB 10 8 RD HIN+ 9 4 5VREG 5 VCONT 6 RMI 7 PWM signal for speed control CPWM R1 Hall Typical Applications Circuit for PWM Speed Control Motor Coil 1 OUT1 SYSTEM POWER OUT2 16 RF 15 GND 14 PWM 13 CPWM 12 HIN- 11 FG HB 10 8 RD HIN+ 9 2 VDD D1 C1 Dz 3 REGH AM9468 4 5VREG 5 VPWM VCONT 6 RMI 7 RF CPWM R1 Hall Typical Applications Circuit for VCONT/RMI Control Notes: 4. C1 is for power stabilization and to strengthen the noise immunity and should be as close to the VDD pin as possible. The recommended value for C1 is 1µF typically. The value of capacitor can be optimized depending on the operating mode, motor voltage and the motor current. For PWM speed control mode, with datasheet current capability, the recommended capacitor value is 1µF. The value of the C1 should be checked in the motor design and route in its operating conditions if it is reduced or increased from the recommended value of 1µF. 5. Diode D1 is for the reverse connection protection. In addition to power stabilization and noise immunity, C1 also absorbs regenerative motor spikes. Depending on the amount of regenerative voltage spike, value of C1 needs to be adjusted. The zener diode Dz is used to clamp the regenerative voltage spike from the motor operation to safe level when reverse blocking diode D1 is used. If reverse blocking diodes is not used, the use of zener clamp Dz depends on the supply voltage capability to effectively sink the regenerative energy and voltage spike. The value of C1 and the requirement Dz needs to be verified on each application design. AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 2 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 NEW PRODUCT Pin Descriptions Pin Number Pin Name 1 OUT1 2 VDD Description Output drive - source & sink capable pin Power supply input pin 3 REGH High side regulator output voltage 4 5VREG 5V regulator output voltage 5 VCONT Output duty control pin in DC signal speed control mode; Voltage in VCONT is compared with triangular wave on CPWM for the output duty ratio. 6 RMI Output minimum duty (minimum speed) control pin for CPWM 7 FG Frequency Generator (FG) - The FG output is same as the magnetic change frequency 8 RG Rotor lock detect open drain output 9 HIN+ 10 HB Hall device positive input pin 11 HIN- 12 CPWM 13 PWM PWM signal input pin for PWM speed control mode. The PWM on this pin controls the output duty directly. 14 GND Ground pin 15 RF 16 OUT2 Hall bias voltage Hall device negative input pin Capacitor connection pin for PWM oscillator and main clock Current limit set pin; Connect a resistor between RF pin and GND, current limit is defined by 250mV/R F Output drive - source & sink capable pin Functional Block Diagram OUT1 1 VDD 2 16 OUT2 15 RF High Side Regulator 14 GND Low Side Regulator 13 PWM 12 CPWM 11 HIN- 10 HB - + + - Bias Generate REGH 3 5VREG 4 Level Shift 5 RMI 6 FG 7 RD 8 Logical Control Centre OSC& Clock + - VCONT HB 9 HIN+ TBD AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 3 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 6) @TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) NEW PRODUCT Symbol VDD_MAX Characteristics Maximum Supply Voltage (Note 7) VREVERSE Reverse Supply Voltage on All Pins VPWM_MAX Maximum Voltage on Logic PWM Pin IOUT(PEAK) Maximum Output Current (Peak) IOUT(CONT) IRD Rating 24 Unit V -0.3 V 7 V 1,200 mA Maximum Continuous Current 500 mA Maximum RD Output Current 5 mA VRD Maximum RD Voltage 24 V IFG Maximum FG Output Current 5 mA VFG Maximum FG Voltage 24 V IHB Maximum HB Output Current 10 mA PD Power Dissipation (Notes 8 & 9) 1,610 mW TSTG TJ ESD HBM Notes: TSSOP-16 Storage Temperature Range Maximum Junction Temperature Human Body Model ESD Capability o -65 to +150 +150 C C 4 kV 6. Stresses greater than the 'Absolute Maximum Ratings' specified above may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions exceeding those indicated in this specification is not implied. Device reliability may be affected by exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods of time. 7. The absolute maximum VDD of 24V is a transient stress rating and is not meant as a functional operating condition. It is not recommended to operate the device at the absolute maximum rated conditions for any period of time. 8. For thermal de-rating curves under different PCB sizes and layout conditions, see thermal performance section. 9. AM9468 exposed pad soldered to minimum recommended landing pads (see Package Outline Dimension section) on 3inch x 4.5inch four-layer 2oz.copper glass epoxy PCB (1.6mm thickness), calculated in accordance with JESD 51-7. See thermal performance section. Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol VDD VICM VCONTIN VRMIN TA Characteristic Supply Voltage When The Device Is Operating Normally With All Circuits Active Hall Input Common-Mode Input Voltage Range VCONT Input Voltage Range RMI Input Voltage Range Operating Temperature Range Conditions Min Max Unit Operating; All circuits active 2.4 18 V – 0.3 V5VREG -1.5V V – – 0.3 0.3 V V Operating -40 V5VREG V5VREG +105 C Electrical Characteristics (Note 10) (@TA = +25°C, VDD = 12V, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol IDD VOV_TH VOV_RLTH Note: Characteristics Conditions Min Typ Max Unit – 2.5 4.0 mA Voltage increasing 19.5 20.5 21.5 V Voltage decreasing 18.3 19.5 20.5 V Supply Current – Over Voltage Protection Threshold for Shutdown to Standby Mode Over Voltage Release Threshold 10. Typical data is measured at TA = +25C, VDD = 12V. The maximum and minimum parameters values over operating temperature range are not tested in production, they are guaranteed by design, characterization and process control. AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 4 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Electrical Characteristics (Note 11) (@TA = +25°C, VDD = 12V, unless otherwise specified.) (Cont.) Symbol VRF VRGL VRGH Current Limit Voltage 5VREG Output Voltage REGH Output Voltage Conditions IOUT =500mA (Source+Sink) TA = -40°C to +105oC TA = -40°C to +105oC I5VREG = 5mA, TA = -40°C to +105oC IREGH = 5mA VHB Hall Bias Output Voltage IHB = 5mA, TA = -40°C to +105°C 1.20 1.25 1.30 V Hall Input Bias Current Hall Amplifier Output Offset Voltage Hall Amplifier Voltage Gain PWM Pin Input Low PWM Pin Input High PWM Pin Bias Current Input PWM Smallest Width External Input PWM Frequency Range CPWM Charge Current CPWM Discharge Current CPWM Charge/Discharge Current Ratio CPWM Oscillation High Level CPWM Oscillation Low Level CPWM Oscillation Amplitude CPWM Oscillation frequency VCONT Pin Input Bias Current RMI Pin Input Bias Current RD Output Low Voltage RD Output Leakage Current FG Output Low Voltage FG Output Leakage Current FG Comparator Hysteresis Output ON Time in Lock Detection Output OFF Time in Lock Mode Output OFF/ON Ratio in Lock Detection IC Junction Temperature Thermal Shutdown Threshold IC Junction Temperature Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis – – – – – PWM=GND – – TA = -40°C to +105°C TA = -40°C to +105°C RCP = ICPC / ICPD TA = -40°C to +105°C TA = -40°C to +105°C TA = -40°C to +105°C CPWM = 100pF – – IRD = 3mA VRD = 18V IFG = 3mA VFG = 18V – CPWM = 100pF CPWM = 100pF CPWM = 100pF, RT = tACT / tDET – -5 48 0 1.8 -17 2 8 16.4 16.4 0.9 3.35 0.95 2.3 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 52 – – -10 – – – – 1 3.5 1.0 2.5 36 – – – – – – ±5 0.5 4.5 9 0.5 5 – 1.2 5VREG -6 – 100 19.6 19.6 1.11 3.65 1.05 2.7 – 0.3 0.3 0.3 1 0.3 1 – – – – µA mV dB V V µA µs kHz µA µA – V V V kHz µA µA V µA V µA mV s s s – – +175 – o – – +25 – o NEW PRODUCT VO Output On Voltage, Source + Sink IHIN VINOFS GH VPWML VPWMH IPWM tPWM_MIN fPWM_RANGE ICPC ICPD RCP VCPH VCPL VCPA fCPWM ICONT IRMI VRD IRDL VFG IFGL ΔVFG tLCK_DET_ON tOFF RT TJ_SDN_TH TJ_SDN_HYST Note: Characteristics Min Typ Max Unit – 0.45 0.68 V 230 4.8 VDD - 4.6 250 5 VDD - 4.2 270 5.2 VDD – 3.9 mV V V C C 11. Typical data is measured at TA = +25C, VDD = 12V. The maximum and minimum parameters values over operating temperature range are not tested in production, they are guaranteed by design, characterization and process control. AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 5 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Operating Characteristics Standby and Start-up Timing When PWM pin input signal is logic “L” level continuously for time longer than tSLP, the device enters standby mode as shown below. When PWM pin signal is “H” level, the device turns active and operates normally. The PWM pin is also used to control the motor speed with external PWM signal into this pin. The lowest frequency PWM signal is defined by tSLP, i.e. the PWM duty low time has to be smaller tSLP for motor speed control. tSLP = 400µs typical NEW PRODUCT VDD tSLP tSLP PWM HB OUT1/OUT2 Active Active Stand-by Stand-by Active In Normal Operation/Rotation HYS HIN+-HIN- HYS PWM OUT1 OUT2 FG RD Truth Table for Various Modes with PWM pin HIN+ H L HINL H PWM OUT1 OUT2 H H L L L L H L H L L L AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 FG MODE Drive L Regenerate OFF Drive Regenerate 6 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Operating Characteristics (Cont.) VCONT/RMI Control RMI CPWM VCONT NEW PRODUCT PWM PWM Duty=100% HYS HIN+-HIN- RMI Control VCONT Control PWM Duty=0% HYS OUT1 OUT2 FG RD Truth Table for Various Modes with VCONT/RMI PIN HIN+ HIN- H L L H Note: PWM2 (Note 12) H OUT1 OUT2 H L L L L H L H L L L FG L OFF MODE Drive Regenerate Drive Regenerate 12. PWM2 is internal signal. AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 7 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Operating Characteristics (Cont.) Motor Lock Motor Lock Motor Re-roration NEW PRODUCT HIN+- HIN- OUT1 OUT2 FG RD tLCK_DET_ON 0.5s (typ) Waiting for FG Pulse AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 tOFF 4.5s (typ) Motor Protection FG Detection Startup Support 50% Duty Release 8 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Application Note HIN-Bias – Hall Bias Output This is a 1.25V nominal voltage source to bias a differential un-buffered Hall element sensor. If a Hall element requires a lower voltage than the HIN-Bias output, connect an appropriate value resistor between the HIN-Bias pin and the Hall element supply pin. NEW PRODUCT HIN+ and HIN- – Hall Inputs The rotor position is detected by a Hall sensor, with the output of Hall sensor applied to the HIN+ and HIN- pins. This sensor can be either a 4 pin 'naked' Hall device or of the 3 pin buffered switching type. For a 4 pin device the differential Hall output signal is connected to the HIN+ and HIN- pins. For a buffered Hall sensor the Hall device output is attached to the HIN+ pin, with a pull-up attached if needed, whilst the HIN- pin has an external potential divider attached to hold the pin at half VREF. When HIN+ is high in relation to HIN-, OUT2 is the active drive. PWM Pin - External PWM Signal Input for PWM Speed Control Mode In PWM speed control mode, external PWM signal is applied at this PWM pin to control the motors speed. The duty ratio of the PWM signal input to this pin controls the fan motor speed by varying the output PWM drive directly. CPWM Pin Internal motor control triangular wave is generated based on the capacitor on this pin. A capacitor of 100pF (CPWM = 100pF), will provide a triangular wave of 36kHz (typ). The VCONT and RMI signals are compared with this triangular wave to generate the speed control PWM drive and minimum speed control clamp points. The output PWM drive frequency is same as the triangular waveform frequency. FG/RD Pin FG is the Frequency Generator (tachometer) output and is a buffered signal from the Hall sensor. RD is the fan locked status detector. FG and RD are open-drain outputs and will require external pull-up resistors. Typically a pull-up resistor of 10kΩ is recommended from FG and RD pins to the supply voltage. RF Pin The current limiter is activated when the voltage between current detection resistor exceeds 0.25V between GND and RF. The current limiter is activated at IO = 250mA when RF = 1Ω. The current limit is set with a RF resistor between RF pin and GND pin. RMI Pin – Minimum Speed Setting Pin RMI is the minimum speed setting pin. DC voltage on this pin sets minimum speed value; If you do not use RMI (minimum speed control), please connect it to 5VREG. VCONT Pin – DC Voltage Speed Control VCONT is DC voltage inputs speed control pin. The voltage on the VCONT pin is compared with the triangular oscillation on the CPWM pin to generate the output drive PWM signal. For the control method, refer to the timing chart. . REGH/5VREG Pin Please insert capacitor value 1µF between 5VREG and GND for regulated output voltage stabilization; insert capacitor value 1µF value between VDD and REGH for stable output voltage. OUT1 and OUT2 pin OUT1 and OUT2 pins provide H-bridge driver output for fan and motor coil connection. VDD – Device Supply Voltage This provides the supply for the device. GND – Supply Return This is the device supply ground return pin for control signal. AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 9 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Application Note (Cont.) Speed Control This device allows both DC voltage input and PWM signal input for speed control. Typically only one of the method is used to control the motor speed. In DC voltage speed control mode, the voltage on the VCONT pin is compared with the CPWM triangular wave to generate internal PWM signal to drive the output. In PWM speed control mode, the PWM signal on the PWM pin directly controls the output PWM drive. The typical application circuits shows the two speed control methods. NEW PRODUCT 1. Speed Control by PWM Pin Motor Coil 1 OUT1 SYSTEM POWER OUT2 16 RF 15 GND 14 PWM 13 CPWM 12 HIN- 11 FG HB 10 8 RD HIN+ 9 OUT2 16 RF 15 GND 14 PWM 13 CPWM 12 HIN- 11 FG HB 10 8 RD HIN+ 9 2 VDD D1 C1 3 REGH Dz RF AM9468 4 5VREG 5 VCONT 6 RMI 7 2. PWM signal for speed control CPWM R1 Hall Speed Control by VCONT/RMI Pin Motor Coil 1 OUT1 SYSTEM POWER 2 VDD D1 C1 Dz 3 REGH AM9468 4 5VREG 5 VPWM 6 RMI 7 AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 VCONT 10 of 16 www.diodes.com RF CPWM R1 Hall May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Typical Operating Characteristics Lock Detect tLCK_DET_ON and Shutdown tOFF Periods Current Limits VREF (V) VREF VREF (V) NEW PRODUCT Average Supply Current Current Limit (250mV) vs. Temperature AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 11 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Typical Operating Characteristics (Cont.) NEW PRODUCT AM9468 Total Resistance Total H-Bridge Path Resistance – Total RDS(ON) of High Side and Low Side Switches AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 12 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Thermal Performance TSSOP-16 Power Dissipation De-rating Curve 1 (Note 13) 120 845 125 704 130 563 140 282 150 0 125 418 130 334 140 167 150 0 NEW PRODUCT -40 25 0 50 60 70 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 TA (C) PD (mW) 3,520 3,520 3,520 2,816 2,534 2,253 1,971 1,830 1,690 1,549 1,408 1,267 1,126 TSSOP-16 Thermal Derating Curve Note 13: TSSOP-16 is soldered on FR-4 substrate 4-layer 1.6mm thickness PCB board, calculated in accordance with JESD 51-7. TSSOP-16 Power Dissipation De-rating Curve 2 (Note 14) -40 25 0 50 60 70 80 85 90 TA (C) PD (mW) 2,090 2,090 2,090 1,672 1,505 1,338 1,170 1,087 1,003 95 920 100 836 105 752 110 669 120 502 TSSOP-16 Thermal Derating Curve Note 14: TSSOP-16 is soldered to the circular PCB diameter 1.2” with the center circular cutout diameter of 0.53”. The Hall element space cut-out is 0.12”x0.08”. 2layer 2oz.copper FR-4 PCB (1.6mm thickness) with partial copper flood on the bottom layer. AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 13 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Thermal Performance NEW PRODUCT Circular PCB Dimensions The circular PCB diameter is 1.2” with the centre circular cut-out diameter of 0.53”. The Hall element space cut-out is 0.12”x0.08”. 2-layer 2oz.copper FR-4 PCB (1.6mm thickness) with partial copper flood on the bottom layer. Custom Circular PCB – Top View Custom Circular PCB – Bottom View Ordering Information AM9468 - X - X Product Name Part Number Package Code Packaging AM9468-T16-13 T16 TSSOP-16 Package Packing T16: TSSOP-16 13 : Tape & Reel Quantity 13” Tape and Reel Part Number Suffix 2500/Tape & Reel -13 Marking Information (1) Package Type: TSSOP-16 ( Top View ) 9 16 Logo Product Name AM9468 YY WW X X 1 AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 YY : Year : 14,15,16~ WW : Week : 01~52; 52 represents 52 and 53 week X X : Internal Code 8 14 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 Package Outline Dimensions Please see http://www.diodes.com/package-outlines.html for the latest version. (1) Package Type: TSSOP-16 E/2 Y NEW PRODUCT E E1 SEE DETAIL 'A' X PIN 1 x) b e Ø0.760Depth0.050±0.02 A2 R1 D R C A L2 GAUGE PLANE L SEATING PLANE A1 L1 DETAIL 'A' TSSOP-16 Dim Min Max Typ A 1.08 A1 0.05 0.15 A2 0.80 0.93 b 0.19 0.30 c 0.09 0.20 D 4.90 5.10 E 6.40 BSC E1 4.30 4.50 e 0.65 BSC L 0.45 0.75 L1 1.00 REF L2 0.25 BSC R / R1 0.09 X 1.350 Y 1.050 θ 0° 8° θ1 5° 15° θ2 0° All Dimensions in mm Suggested Pad Layout Please see http://www.diodes.com/package-outlines.html for the latest version. (1) Package Type: TSSOP-16 X1 Dimensions C X X1 Y Y1 Y1 Y Value (in mm) 0.650 0.350 4.900 1.400 6.800 1 X AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 C 15 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AM9468 IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). NEW PRODUCT Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this document or any product described herein; neither does Diodes Incorporated convey any license under its patent or trademark rights, nor the rights of others. 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Copyright © 2016, Diodes Incorporated www.diodes.com AM9468 Document number: DS38663 Rev. 1 - 2 16 of 16 www.diodes.com May 2016 © Diodes Incorporated