Si9913 Vishay Siliconix Half-Bridge MOSFET Driver for Switching Power Supplies FEATURES D D D D D D D D D D APPLICATIONS 4.5- to 5.5-V Operation Undervoltage Lockout 250-kHz to 1-MHz Switching Frequency Synchronous Switch Enable One Input PWM Signal Generates Both Drive Bootstrapped High-Side Drive Operates from 4.5- to 30-V Supply TTL/CMOS Compatible Input Levels 1-A Peak Drive Current Break-Before-Make Circuit D D D D D Multiphase Desktop CPU Supplies Single-Supply Synchronous Buck Converters Mobile Computing CPU Core Power Converters Standard-Synchronous Converters High Frequency Switching Converters DESCRIPTION The Si9913 is a dual MOSFET high-speed driver with break-before-make. It is designed to operate in high frequency dc-dc switchmode power supplies. The high-side driver is bootstrapped to handle the high voltage slew rate associated with “floating” high-side gate drivers. Each driver is capable of switching a 3000-pF load with 60-ns propogation delay and 25-ns transition time. The Si9913 comes with internal break-before-make feature to prevent shoot-through current in the external MOSFETs. A synschronous enable pin is used to enable the low-side driver. When disabled, the OUTL is logic low. The Si9913 is available in both standard and lead (Pb)-free 8-pin SOIC packages for operation over the industrial operation range (−40_C to 85_C). FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM AND TRUTH TABLE BOOT VDD D1 VDC Q1 CBOOT OUTH Level Shift Undervoltage OUTPUT VS VDD OUTL IN SYN + − Document Number: 71343 S-40133—Rev. B, 16-Feb-04 VBBM Q2 TRUTH TABLE VS SYN IN VOUTL L L L L H H H H VOUTH L L L L L H L H H L H L H H L H L L L L L H L H H L L L H H L H GND www.vishay.com 1 Si9913 Vishay Siliconix ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = 25_C UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED) Parameter Symbol Limit Unit Low Side Driver Supply Voltage VDD 7.0 Input Voltage on IN VIN −0.3 to VDD +0.3 VSYN −0.3 to VDD +0.3 VBOOT 35.0 Synchronous Pin Voltage Bootstrap Voltage High Side Driver (Bootstrap) Supply Voltage V VBOOT − VS 7.0 Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ −40 to 125 Storage Temperature Range Tstg −40 to 150 Power Dissipation (Note a and b) PD 830 mW Thermal Impedance qJA 125 °C/W 300 °C Lead Temperature (soldering 10 Sec) _C Notes a. Device mounted with all leads soldered to P.C. Board b. Derate 8.3 W/_C above 25_C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Parameter Symbol Bootstrap Voltage (High-Side Drain Voltage) Logic Supply Bootstrap Capacitor Limit Unit VBOOT 4.5 to 30 VDD 4.5 to 5.5 CBOOT 100 n to 1 m F TA −40 to 85 _C Ambient Temperature V SPECIFICATIONS Test Conditions Unless Specified Parameter Symbol VBOOT = 4.5 to 30 V, VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V TA = −40 to 85_C Limits Mina Typb Maxa Unit Power Supplies VDD Supply VDD IDD Supply IDD1 (en) SYN = H, IN = H, VS = 0 V 1000 IDD Supply IDD2(en) SYN = H, IN = L, VS = 0 V 500 IDD Supply IDD3(dis) SYN = L, IN = X, VS = V 500 IDD Supply IDD4(en) SYN = H, IN = X, VS = 25 V, VBOOT = 30 V 200 IDD Supply IDD5(dis) SYN = L, IN = X, VS = 25 V, VBOOT = 30 V IDD(en) FIN = 300 kHz, SYN = High, Driving Si4412DY IDD(dis) FIN = 300 kHz, SYN = Low, Driving Si4412DY IBOOT VBOOT = 30 V, VS = 25 V, VOUTH = H IDD Supply Boot Strap Current 4.5 5.5 mA 200 9 5 mA 0.9 3 VBBM 1.1 3 Input High VIH 0.7 VDD VDD + 0.3 Input Low VIL −0.3 0.3 VDD Reference Voltage Break-Before-Make Reference Voltage V Logic Inputs (SYN, IN) V Undervoltage Lockout VDD Undervoltage VDD Undervoltage Hysteresis www.vishay.com 2 VUVL VHYST VDD Rising 3.7 4.3 0.4 V Document Number: 71343 S-40133—Rev. B, 16-Feb-04 Si9913 Vishay Siliconix SPECIFICATIONS Test Conditions Unless Specified Parameter Symbol VBOOT = 4.5 to 30 V, VDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V TA = −40 to 85_C VFD1 Forward Current = 100 mA Limits Mina Typb Maxa Unit 0.8 1 V Bootstrap Diode Diode Forward Voltage Output Drive Current OUTH Source Current IOUT( H+) VBOOT − VS = 3.7 V, VOUTH − VS = 2 V OUTH Sink Current IOUT(H−) VBOOT − VS = 3.7 V, VOUTH − VS = 1 V OUTL Source Current IOUT (L+) VDD = 4.5 V, VOUTL = 2 V OUTL Sink Current IOUT(L−) VDD = 4.5 V, VOUTL = 1 V −0.4 0.4 −0.4 A 0.6 Timing (CLOAD = 3 nF) OUTL Off Propagation Delay tpdl(OUTL) OUTL On Propagation Delay tpdh(OUTL) OUTH Off Propagation Delay tpdl(OUTH) OUTH On Propagation Delay tpdh(OUTH) OUTL Turn On Time 30 VDD = 4.5 45V 20 30 VBOOT − VS = 4.5 45V tr(OUTL) 20 OUTL = 10 to 90% 25 OUTL Turn Off Time tf(OUTL) OUTL = 90 to 10% 25 OUTH Turn On Time tr(OUTH) OUTH − VS = 10 to 90% 30 OUTH Turn Off Time tf(OUTH) OUTH − VS = 90 to 10% 30 ns Notes a. The algebraic convention whereby the most negative value is a minimum and the most positive a maximum, is used in this data sheet. b. Typical values are for DESIGN AID ONLY, not guaranteed nor subject to production testing. TIMING WAVEFORMS IN 50% 50% tpdh(OUTL) tf(OUTL) 90% OUTL 90% 10% 10% tr(OUTL) tpdl(OUTH) tpdl(OUTL) OUTH tf(OUTH) tr(OUTH) tpdh(OUTH) 90% 10% 90% 10% VS Document Number: 71343 S-40133—Rev. B, 16-Feb-04 www.vishay.com 3 Si9913 Vishay Siliconix PIN CONFIGURATION SO-8 OUTH 1 8 VS GND 2 7 BOOT IN 3 6 VDD SYN 4 5 OUTL Top View PIN DESCRIPTION Pin Number Name 1 OUTH Output drive for upper MOSFET. 2 GND Ground supply 3 IN 4 SYN Synchronous enable. When logic is high, the low-side driver is enabled. 5 OUTL Output drive for lower MOSFET. 6 VDD 7 BOOT 8 VS Function CMOS level input signal. Controls both output drives. Input power supply Floating bootstrap supply for the upper MOSFET Floating GND for the upper MOSFET. VS is connected to the buck switching node and the source side of the upper MOSFET. ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number Temperature Range Package Si9913DY Si9913DY-T1 Bulk Tape and Reel −40 to 85_C Si9913DY-T1—E3 Lead (Pb)-Free Tape and Reel Eval Kit Temperature Range Board Type Si9913DB −40 to 85_C Surface Mount TYPICAL WAVEFORMS Driver On Switch Delay VS CL = Si4412DY Driver Off Switch Delay OUTH OUTH See Figure 1 OUTL IN IN Si9912 tr, tf, tpd 4 See Figure 1 OUTL www.vishay.com CL = Si4412DY VS Si9912 tr, tf, tpd Document Number: 71343 S-40133—Rev. B, 16-Feb-04 Si9913 Vishay Siliconix TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (25_C UNLESS NOTED) IDD Supply Current vs. Frequency Rise and Fall Time vs. CLOAD 30 50 See Figure 2 40 Rise and Fall times (ns) See Figure 1 Current (mA) 10 tr(OUTH) 30 tf(OUTL) tf(OUTH) 20 tr(OUTL) 10 1 0 1 10 100 1000 0.3 1 Frequency (kHz) VOUT(H+) vs. Supply 5 0.5 A See Figure 3 4 Output Voltage Drop (V) Output Voltage Drop (V) −1 −2 1A −3 1.5 A −5 3.0 4.0 3 1.5 A 2 1A 1 See Figure 3 3.5 2A 4.5 5.0 5.5 0 3.0 6.0 0.5 A 3.5 4.0 Supply Voltage (V) 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 Supply Voltage (V) VOUT(L+) vs. Supply 0 10 VOUT(H−) vs. Supply 0 −4 3 Load Capacitance (nF) VOUT(L−) vs. Supply 2.5 0.5 A See Figure 3 2.0 1A Output Voltage Drop (V) Output Voltage Drop (V) −1 −2 1.5 A −3 −4 2A 2A 1.5 1.5 A 1.0 1A 0.5 −5 0.5 A See Figure 3 −6 4.0 4.5 5.0 Supply Voltage (V) Document Number: 71343 S-40133—Rev. B, 16-Feb-04 5.5 6.0 0.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 Supply Voltage (V) www.vishay.com 5 Si9913 Vishay Siliconix TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (25_C UNLESS NOTED) VOUT(H+) vs. Temperature VOUT(H−) vs. Temperature 0 5 See Figure 3 0.5 A −2 4 Output Voltage Drop (V) −1 Output Voltage Drop (V) See Figure 3 1A −3 −4 −5 −50 3 2A 1.5 A 2 1A 1 −25 0 25 50 75 0 −50 100 0.5 A −25 0 Temperature (_C) 50 75 100 75 100 Temperature (_C) VOUT(L+) vs. Temperature 0 25 VOUT(L−) vs. Temperature 2.0 0.5 A See Figure 3 1A Output Voltage Drop (V) Output Voltage Drop (V) −1 −2 1.5 A −3 −4 1.0 2A 1.5 A 1A 0.5 0.5 A 2A −5 −50 1.5 −25 0 See Figure 3 25 50 75 100 Temperature (_C) 0.0 −50 −25 0 25 50 Temperature (_C) THEORY OF OPERATION Break-Before-Make Function Under Voltage Lockout Function The Si9913 has an internal break-before-make function to ensure that both high-side and low-side MOSFETs are not turned on at the same time. The high-side drive (OUTH) will not turn on until the low-side gate drive voltage (measured at the OUTL pin) is less than VBBM, thus ensuring that the low-side MOSFET is turned off. The low-side drive (OUTL) will not turn on until the voltage at the MOSFET half-bridge output (measured at the VS pin) is less than VBBM, thus ensuring that the high-side MOSFET is turned off. The Si9913 has an internal under-voltage lockout feature to prevent driving the MOSFET gates when the supply voltage (at VDD) is less than the under-voltage lockout specification (VUVL). This prevents the output MOSFETs from being turned on without sufficient gate voltage to ensure they are fully on. There is hysteresis included in this feature to prevent lockout from cycling on and off. www.vishay.com 6 Document Number: 71343 S-40133—Rev. B, 16-Feb-04 Si9913 Vishay Siliconix drop. With SYN low, the low-side MOSFET is held off all the time. This is particularly useful for discontinuous operation under light load or pulse skipping mode, where there is a long off time, because it prevents current flowing back from the output to ground during the off time. Bootstrap Supply Operation (see Functional Block Diagram) The power to drive the high-side MOSFET (Q2) gate comes from the bootstrap capacitor (CBOOT). This capacitor charges through D1 during the time when the low-side MOSFET is on (VS is at GND potential ), and then provides the necessary charge to turn on the high-side MOSFET. CBOOT should be sized to be greater than ten times the high-side MOSFET gate capacitance, and large enough to supply the bootstrap current (IBOOT) during the high-side on time, without significant voltage droop. Layout Considerations There are a few critical layout considerations for these parts. Firstly, the IC must be decoupled as closely as possible to the power pins. Secondly the IC should be placed physically close to the high- and low-side MOSFETs it is driving. The major consideration is that the MOSFET gates must be charged or discharged in a few nanoseconds, and the peak current to do this is of the order of 1 A. This current must flow from the decoupling and bootstrap capacitors to the IC, and from the output driver pin to the MOSFET gate, returning from the MOSFET source to the IC. The aim of the layout is to reduce the parasitic inductance of these current paths as much as possible. This is accomplished by making these traces as short as possible, and also running trace and its current return path adjacent to each other. Synchronous Enable The synchronous enable pin serves to enable and disable the drive to the low-side MOSFET gate. With SYN high, the low-side MOSFET is driven on and off in antiphase with the high-side MOSFET to form a synchronous rectifier. This improves efficiency at high load currents because the flyback current is carried by the MOSFET, thus eliminating the diode APPLICATIONS 5 6 7 8 +VDC 4 Enable 3 4 OUTH GND VS BOOT IN SYN VDD OUTL 7 6 L1 1 2 3 8 C1 0.1 mF 15 mH 5 6 7 8 PWM IN Si4412 5 C2 0.1 mF GND 1 mF C5 RLOAD Q2 4 Si9913 Si4412 1 2 3 2 15 mF C4 + +5 V U1 1 0.1 mF C3 Q1 GND GND FIGURE 1. Document Number: 71343 S-40133—Rev. B, 16-Feb-04 Typical Applications Schematic Circuit Used to Obtain Typical Rising and Falling Switching Waveforms www.vishay.com 7 Si9913 Vishay Siliconix +5 V +5 V U1 U1 1 2 PWM IN 3 4 OUTH GND VS BOOT IN SYN VDD OUTL Si9913 8 7 1 CLOAD C9 6 2 3 Input 4 5 CLOAD C8 FIGURE 2. Capacitive Load Test Circuit Used to Measure Rise and Fall Times vs. Capacitance www.vishay.com 8 GND BOOT VDD IN SYN OUTL Si9913 8 ISRC 7 6 5 ISRC C2 0.1 mF C2 0.1 mF GND VS OUTH GND FIGURE 3. Load Test Schematic Circuit Used to Measure Driver Output Impedance Document Number: 71343 S-40133—Rev. B, 16-Feb-04 Legal Disclaimer Notice Vishay Disclaimer All product specifications and data are subject to change without notice. Vishay Intertechnology, Inc., its affiliates, agents, and employees, and all persons acting on its or their behalf (collectively, “Vishay”), disclaim any and all liability for any errors, inaccuracies or incompleteness contained herein or in any other disclosure relating to any product. Vishay disclaims any and all liability arising out of the use or application of any product described herein or of any information provided herein to the maximum extent permitted by law. The product specifications do not expand or otherwise modify Vishay’s terms and conditions of purchase, including but not limited to the warranty expressed therein, which apply to these products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document or by any conduct of Vishay. The products shown herein are not designed for use in medical, life-saving, or life-sustaining applications unless otherwise expressly indicated. Customers using or selling Vishay products not expressly indicated for use in such applications do so entirely at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Vishay for any damages arising or resulting from such use or sale. Please contact authorized Vishay personnel to obtain written terms and conditions regarding products designed for such applications. Product names and markings noted herein may be trademarks of their respective owners. Document Number: 91000 Revision: 18-Jul-08 www.vishay.com 1