Analog and Interface Product Solutions Fan Control Function Pack Design Guide Extend Fan Life, Reduce Acoustic Noise, Power Consumption and Increase System Uptime Design ideas in this guide are based on many of the devices featured in Microchip Technology’s “Fan Control Function Pack.” A complete device list and corresponding data sheets for these products can be found at: www.microchip.com/funpack Single & Dual Fan Controllers TC646, TC654, TC655 Temperature Sensors TC07, TC77 Fan Fault Detector TC670 PIC®Microcontroller PIC16C717 Temperature Sensor/ Fan Controller TC652 This guide is a companion to the “Fan Control” functional sample pack (funpack). Contact your local Microchip sales office for additional information. Extend Fan Life, Reduce Acoustic Noise and Power Consumption, Increase System Uptime SIMPLE FAN CONTROL SOLUTION Ambient Temperature-Controlled Fan On/Off Switch TC620 Output Temperature Sensor Key Features (Cont.): The TC620 logic output temperature sensor can work as a local thermostat, turning the cooling fan on and off when ambient temperature levels exceed threshold values. User-Programmable Hysteresis and Temperature Set Point Easily Programs with Two External Resistors The programmable temperature threshold and hysteresis values make it easy to define the fan’s on/off thresholds. TC620 Output Temperature Sensor Key Features: Wide Temperature Detection Range – 0°C to 70°C: (TC620CCX) – 40°C to +125°C: (TC620CVX) – 40°C to +85°C: (TC620CEX) – 55°C to +125°C: (TC620CMX) Onboard Temperature Sensing Applications Available in 8-Pin PDIP and SOIC Packages ±3°C Accuracy (Max) TC620 Applications: Power Supply Over-Temperature Detection Consumer Equipment Temperature Regulators CPU Thermal Protection Low Temp. (TLOW) RL 1 8 2 3 RH Fan Motor 7 TC620 4 Temperature +12V THIGH TLOW 6 5 MTP3055E High Temp. (THIGH) Out Fan "On" Product Specifications 2 Device Output Type Typical Accuracy Maximum Accuracy @ 25°C Maximum Temperature Range VDD Range Maximum Supply Current TC620 Logic Output ±1°C ±3°C -40°C to +125°C +4.5V to +18V 400 μA Fan Control Function Pack Design Guide Extend Fan Life, Reduce Acoustic Noise and Power Consumption, Increase System Uptime SMBus COMMUNICATION INTERFACE MAKES TALKING TO YOUR FAN SIMPLE Control Fan Speed, Measure Fan RPM, Predict Fan Failure and Communicate All this Information to Your System TC654/TC655 Fan Controller Key Features (Cont.): The TC654/TC655 and TC664/TC665 (Single and Dual Fan Controllers) work with your system controller and remote temperature sensing devices to control and monitor fan speed. These devices can increase system uptime by giving a predictive indication of a fan failure, allowing service action to occur before the system goes down unexpectedly. TC654/TC655 Applications: TC654/TC655 Fan Controller Key Features: Software-Controlled Shutdown Mode for “Green” Systems Supports Low Cost NTC/PTC Thermistors Space-Saving 10-Pin MSOP Package Temperature Range: -40°C to +85ºC Efficient PWM Fan Drive Provides RPM Data 2-Wire SMBus-Compatible Interface Supports Any Fan Voltage Personal Computers and Servers LCD Projectors Datacom and Telecom Equipment Fan Trays File Servers Workstations General Purpose Fan Speed Control +12V +5V Fan 1 Fan 2 +5V C2 1 μF RISO1 NTC Thermistor 100 kΩ @ 25°C R1 34.8 kΩ 1 C1 0.01 μF R2 14.7 kΩ 2 CF 715Ω 10 VIN VDD VOUT SENSE1 CF 8 TC654/TC655 +5V PICmicro® 3 SENSE2 7 4 RSENSE1 CSENSE2 0.1 μF SCLK +5V +5V Microcontroller ˇ 715Ω CSENSE1 0.1 μF 1.0 μF RSCLK 20 kΩ RISO2 9 SDA RSDA 20 kΩ FAULT RSENSE2 RFAULT 20 kΩ 6 GND 5 Product Specifications X Predictive Fan-Fault Detection X 10 MSOP 2 X X 10 MSOP 1 X X 10 MSOP 1 X X 10 MSOP Device(1) VCC Range Temperature Range Typical IQ Over-Temp Alert SMBus Interface Min Fan Speed # of Fans Monitored RPM Data TC654 +3.0V to +5.5V -40°C to +85°C 150 μA — X X 2 TC655 +3.0V to +5.5V -40°C to +85°C 150 μA X X X TC664 +3.0V to +5.5V -40°C to +85°C 150 μA — X X TC665 +3.0V to +5.5V -40°C to +85°C 150 μA X X X Package Note 1. These devices use an external sensor. Accuracy of the total solution is a function of the accuracy of the external sensor. Fan Control Function Pack Design Guide 3 Extend Fan Life, Reduce Acoustic Noise and Power Consumption, Increase System Uptime LISTEN TO WHAT YOUR FAN IS TELLING YOU Predicting the Failure of Your Fan Brings Many Advantages As a fan wears out, it slows down and circulates less air. This can eventually cause an overheating condition and possibly an unexpected thermal shutdown. The TC670 predictive fan failure device monitors the speed of a fan and allows you to set a fan speed threshold at which you receive a fan warning indication, allowing service action to take place on your schedule instead of the fan’s. TC670 Fan Failure Detector Key Features: Fan Wear-out Detection for 2-Wire Linear-Controlled Fans Replacement System for 3-Wire Fans Fan-Alert Signal when Fan Speed is below Programmed Threshold TC670 Fan Failure Detector Key Features (Cont.): Clear Capability for Eliminating False Alarm Low Operating Current, 90 μA (typ.) VDD Range: 3.0V to 5.5V Available in a 6-Pin SOT-23 Package TC670 Applications: Protection for Linear-Controlled Fans Power Supplies Industrial Equipment PCs and Notebooks Data Storage Data Communications Equipment Instrumentation +5V 7000 Predictive Failure Indication for Service Warning Fan Speed (RPM) 6000 4 Alert LED VDD 5000 0.1 μF 4000 From Microcontroller 3000 2000 3 R4 CLEAR R3 1 THRESHOLD Not Enough Cooling to Support Full Load SENSE 6 1000 +12V ALERT 5 CSENSE DC Fan RSENSE R2 GND 2 0 Time Product Specifications 4 Device VCC Range Temperature Range Maximum IQ Typical Accuracy Package TC670 +3.0V to +5.5V -40°C to +85°C 150 μA ±5% 6 SOT-23 Fan Control Function Pack Design Guide Extend Fan Life, Reduce Acoustic Noise and Power Consumption, Increase System Uptime USING THE TC646 FAN SPEED CONTROLLER Simple, 8-pin Fan Speed Controller/Monitor Makes Systems Quiet and Intelligent TC646 Fan Speed Controller Key Features (Cont.): Fan Voltage Independent of TC646 Supply Voltage Supports any Fan Voltage FanSense Fault Detection Circuits Protect Against Fan Failure and Aid System Testing Shutdown Mode for “Green” Systems Supports Low Cost NTC/PTC Thermistors Over-Temperature Detection Using a low-cost NTC thermistor in conjunction with the TC646 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) fan speed controller/monitor, provides a simple, low-cost, small footprint fan speed control solution. The TC646 device uses Microchip’s patented FanSense™ Technology, which allows you to use a lower cost 2-wire fan in place of a 3-wire fan and still detect fan failure. The PWM method of speed control dissipates less power in the fan drive device, allowing smaller, less expensive devices to be used, compared to the linear speed control method. TC646 Applications: TC646 Fan Speed Controller Key Features: Temperature-Proportional Fan Speed for Acoustic Control and Longer Fan Life Efficient PWM Fan Drive Supply Range: 3.0V to 5.5V Power Supplies Computers File Servers Portable Computers Telecom Equipment UPS, Power Amps General Purpose Fan Speed Control +5V TemperatureProportional Input Fan Fault and Full Speed Indication CB 1 μF R1 NTC 1 CB 0.01 μF R2 FAULT 6 Thermal Shutdown PWM Fan Speed Control Q1 RBASE TC646 R3 R4 Fan 8 VDD VIN +5V AutoShutdown Threshold +12V 3 VAS CB 0.01 μF 2 CF CF 1 μF VOUT 7 SENSE 5 CSENSE RSENSE GND 4 Fan Sensing for Locked Rotor Detection Settable PWM Frequency Product Specifications Device(1) VCC Range Temp. Range Typical IQ TC646 +3.0V to +5.5V -40°C to +85°C 500 μA OverTemp Alert X SMBus Interface Min Fan Speed – – Temp AutoShutdown X # of Fans Monitored 1 RPM Data – Predictive Fan Fault Detection – Fan AutoRestart – Package 8 PDIP. MSOP, SOIC Note 1. These devices use an external sensor. Accuracy of the total solution is a function of the accuracy of the external sensor. Fan Control Function Pack Design Guide 5 Extend Fan Life, Reduce Acoustic Noise and Power Consumption, Increase System Uptime USING THE TC652 TEMPERATURE SENSOR/FAN SPEED CONTROLLER TC652 Key Features (Cont.): Integrated Temperature Sensor and Fan Speed Controller/Monitor Provides Eloquent Fan Control Solution The TC652 device integrates a temperature sensor, fan speed controller, fan speed monitor/fault detector and overtemperature indication, all into one small 8-pin MSOP package, making it ideal for your fan speed control solution. The TC652 device uses Microchip’s patented FanSense™ Technology, which allows you to use a lower cost 2-wire fan in place of a 3-wire fan and still detect fan failure. Multiple factoryset temperature ranges allow you to select the appropriate minimum and maximum speed temperature thresholds for your application. TC652 Key Features: Integrated Temperature Sensing and Multi-speed Fan Control FanSense™ Fan Fault Detect Circuitry Built-in Over-Temperature Alert (TOVER) 2.8V to 5.5V TOVER Temperature-Proportional Fan Speed Control for Acoustic Noise Reduction and Longer Fan Life Pulse Width Modulation Output Drive for Cost and Power Savings Solid-State Temperature Sensing ±1°C (Typ.) Accuracy from 25°C to +70°C Operating Range: 2.8V to 5.5V TC651 and TC653 include Auto Fan Shutdown Low Operating Current: 50 μA (Typ.) TC652 Applications: Thermal Protection for Personal Computers Digital Set-Top Boxes Notebook Computers Data Communications Power Supplies Projectors SHDN Temperature (T = TJ) Temperature Set Point and Trim Range Duty Cycle Control PWM Oscillator Temperature Sensor TC652 FanSense™ Technology and Fault Logic FAULT PWM Duty Cycle T < TL 40% TL ≤ T < T1 50% T1 ≤ T < T2 60% T2 ≤ T < T3 70% T3 ≤ T < T4 80% T4 ≤ T < TH 90% TH ≤ T < TOV 100% TOV ≤ T SENSE 100% with Over-Temperature Alert (TOVER) = L Product Specifications 6 Device Minimum Speed Setting TC650 X – – X X TC651 – X – X X TC652 X – X X X TC653 – X X X X Fan Control Function Pack Design Guide Auto-Shutdown Setting Fan Fault Indication On-Board Temperature Sensing Over-Temperature Alert Extend Fan Life, Reduce Acoustic Noise and Power Consumption, Increase System Uptime THE PIC16C819 MCU PAIRED WITH THE TC77 TEMPERATURE SENSOR PICmicro® MCU Plus Temperature Sensor Provides a Highly Flexible, Accurate and Intelligent Solution to Fan Speed Control/Fan Fault Detection and Temperature Monitoring Multi-Fan Management Solution Key Features: The PIC16F819 8-bit microcontroller paired with the TC77 temperature sensor allows you to implement just about any fan speed control algorithm you can think of. The PIC16F819 can monitor multiple TC77 devices over the 3-wire SPI™ interface, allowing you to sense system ambient or component temperatures in multiple locations with high accuracy (±1ºC). Using the I/O pins of the PIC16F819, PWM output drive signals can be generated to control the speed of multiple fans, either independently or all at the same speed. The A/D inputs can be used to monitor the fan speed and assess the health of the fans, making the system more intelligent. Inlet Air SCK SI/O CS CS1 PWM1 CS2 SENSE1 CS3 PWM2 CS4 SCK Exit Air SDI TC77 #3 Thermal Protection for Hard Disk Drives and Other PC Peripherals PC Card Devices for Notebook Computers Low-Cost Thermostat Controls Industrial Control Office Equipment Cellular Phones PIC16F819-I/P TC77 #2 Multi-Fan Management Applications: Fan 1 SCK SI/O CS #1 Minimum Speed or Auto-Shutdown Mode Fan Speed Sensing Built-in Over-Temperature Alert (TOVER) Accurate Temperature Sensing (±1C°) Settable Fan Fault Thresholds Adjustable PWM Frequency Staggered Fan Startup for Reduced Current Draw Adjustable Fan Startup Time 2.5V to 5.5V TC77 Hot Component SCK SI/O CS Fan 2 SENSE2 PWM3 SENSE3 Fan 3 PWM4 SENSE4 Heat Sink #4 Fan 4 TC77 SCK SI/O CS Product Specifications Device Interface Max Accuracy (+25°C to +65°C) Temperature Range VCC Range Typical IQ Typical ISHDN Resolution Package TC77 3-wire SPI™ ±1°C -55°C to +125°C 2.7V to 5.5V 250 μA 0.1 μA 0.0625°C 8 SOIC, 5 SOT-23 Fan Control Function Pack Design Guide 7 RELATED SUPPORT MATERIAL Demonstration/Evaluation Boards and User Guides The following Application Notes, Technical Briefs and User’s Guides are available at: www.microchip.com. Microchip offers a number of boards, along with User Guides, to help evaluate device families. Contact your local Microchip Sales Office for more information. Application Notes AN764: Implementing Temperature-Based Variable Fan Speed Control in NLX Power Supplies AN768: Redundant Fan Systems Using the TC647 Fan Manager AN770: Linear Voltage Fan Speed Control Using Microchip’s TC64X Family TC642 Fan Control Demo Board: This fan control circuit board allows the user to quickly evaluate and prototype Microchip’s TC64X and TC64XB Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Fan Control ICs. (User’s Guide - DS21401) TC642 Fan Control Evaluation Board: This fully assembled 4″ x 6″ circuit board allows the user to evaluate and prototype fan control circuits based on Microchip’s TC64X and TC64XB DC brushless fan controllers. (User’s Guide - DS21403) AN771: Suppressing Acoustic Noise in PWM Fan Speed Control Systems AN772: Speed Error in PWM Fan Control Systems Technical Briefs TB063: An Integrated Fan Speed Control Solution Can Lower System Costs, Reduce Acoustic Noise, Power Consumption and Enhance System Reliability TB064: Intelligent Thermal Management Using Brushless DC Fans TC650 Fan Control Demo Board: An evaluation tool that allows the user to quickly prototype fan control circuits based on Microchip’s TC650 or TC651 pulse width modulation (PWM) Fan Control ICs. (User’s Guide - DS51304) TC652 Fan Control Demo Board: An evaluation tool that allows the user to quickly prototype fan control circuits based on Microchip’s TC652 or TC653 pulse width modulation (PWM) Fan Control ICs. (User’s Guide - DS21506) TC670 Fan Speed Sensor Demo Board: An evaluation tool that provides an optimal way to evaluate the TC670 integrated fan speed sensor. (User’s Guide - DS51273) Analog and Interface Families Thermal Management Power Management Interface Temperature Sensors LDO & Switching Regulators Fan Speed Controllers/ Fan Fault Detectors Charge Pump DC/DC Converters Power MOSFET Drivers CAN Peripherals Infrared Peripherals LIN Transceiver Serial Peripherals PWM Controllers System Supervisors Mixed-Signal A/D Converter Families Linear Op Amps Digital Potentiometers Programmable Gain Amplifiers System D/A Converters Comparators V/F and F/V Converters Linear Integrated Devices Voltage Dectectors Voltage References Battery Management Li-Ion/Li-Polymer Battery Chargers Smart Battery Managers www.microchip.com Microchip Technology Inc. • 2355 W. Chandler Blvd. • Chandler, AZ 85224-6199 M I C RO C O N T RO L L E R S • D I G I TA L S I G N A L C O N T RO L L E R S • ANALOG • S E R I A L E E P RO M S Information subject to change. The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, PIC and PICmicro are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. FanSense, Select Mode, MXLAB and MXDEV are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2005, Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. 8/05 DS21835C *DS21835C*