UM0900
User manual
1 kW 3-phase motor control demonstration board featuring
IGBT intelligent power module STGIPL14K60 STEVAL-IHM025V1
1
Introduction
This document describes the 1 kW 3-phase motor control demonstration board featuring the
IGBT intelligent power module STGIPL14K60. The demonstration board is an AC-DC
inverter that generates a 3-phase waveform for driving 3- or 2-phase motors such as
induction motors or PMSM motors up to 1000 W, with or without sensors.
The main device presented in this user manual is a universal, fully evaluated and populated
design consisting of a 3-phase inverter bridge based on the 600 V IGBT power module in
the SDIP 38L package mounted on heatsink. STGIPL14K60 integrates: high voltage, shortcircuit rugged IGBT and high voltage gate drivers with advanced features like integrated opamp suitable for advanced current sensing. Thanks to this integrated module, the system
has been specifically designed to achieve power inversion in a reliable and compact design.
The system architecture of the module based on integrated advanced features is specifically
designed to achieve an accurate and fast conditioning of the current feedback therefore
matching the typical requirements in field oriented control (FOC).
The board is designed to be compatible with single-phase mains, supplying from
90 VAC to 285 VAC or from 125 VDC up to 400 VDC for DC voltage.
This document is associated with the release of the demonstration board STEVALIHM025V1 (see Figure 1 below).
Figure 1.
May 2010
STEVAL-IHM025V1
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
1/43
www.st.com
Contents
UM0900
Contents
1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2
System introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3
4
2.1
Main characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2
Target application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3
Safety and operating instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3.1
General terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3.2
Demonstration board intended use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3.3
Demonstration board installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3.4
Electrical connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Board description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.1
System architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.2
The board schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3
Circuit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.3.1
Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.3.2
Inrush limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.3.3
Power block based on IGBT module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.3.4
Brake function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.3.5
Overcurrent protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.3.6
Current sensing amplifying network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.3.7
The tachometer and hall/encoder inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.3.8
Temperature feedback and overtemperature protection (OTP) . . . . . . . 22
Hardware setting of the STEVAL-IHM025V1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.1
Hardware settings for six-step (block commutation) current control
- single-shunt configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.2
Hardware settings with three-shunt configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5
Description of jumpers, test pins and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6
Connector placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7
Bill of materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2/43
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
Contents
8
PCB layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
9
Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
10
Using the STEVAL-IHM025V1 with STM32 FOC firmware library . . . . 38
10.1
Environmental considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
10.2
Hardware requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
10.3
Software requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
10.4
Software modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
11
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
12
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
13
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
3/43
List of tables
UM0900
List of tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
4/43
Current reading configuration - gain settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jumper settings for PMSM or generic AC motor - six-step. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jumper settings for PMSM or generic AC motor - three shunt . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jumper description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connector pinout description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Testing pins description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bill of materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
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UM0900
List of figures
List of figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
STEVAL-IHM025V1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor control system architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STEVAL-IHM025V1 schematic - part 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STEVAL-IHM025V1 schematic - part 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STEVAL-IHM025V1 schematic - part 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STEVAL-IHM025V1 schematic - part 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STEVAL-IHM025V1 schematic - part 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power supply block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overcurrent protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Three-shunt configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Six-step current sensing configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STEVAL-IHM025V1 connector placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Copper tracks - top side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Copper tracks - bottom side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Silk screen - top side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Silk screen - bottom side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
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. . . . 35
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. . . . 37
5/43
System introduction
UM0900
2
System introduction
2.1
Main characteristics
The information below lists the converter specification data and the main parameters set for
the STEVAL-IHM025V1 demonstration board.
2.2
6/43
●
Minimum input voltage 125 VDC or 90 VAC
●
Maximum input voltage 400 VDC or 285 VAC
●
Maximum output power for motors up to 1000 W
●
Regenerative brake control feature
●
Input inrush limitation with bypassing relay
●
+15 V auxiliary power supply based on a buck converter with VIPer™16
●
Use of the IGBT intelligent power module STGIPL14K60 in the SDIP 38L molded
package
●
Fully populated board conception with testing points and safety isolated plastic cover
●
Motor control connector for interfacing with the STM3210B-EVAL board and other
STMicroelectronics’ motor control dedicated kits
●
Tachometer input
●
Hall/encoder inputs
●
Possibility to connect a BEMF daughterboard for sensorless six-step control
●
PCB type and size:
–
Material of PCB - FR-4
–
Double-sided layout
–
Copper thickness: ~45 µm
–
Total dimensions of demonstration board: 190 mm x 110 mm.
Target application
●
Washing machines
●
Home appliances
●
Medical application, fitness application
●
High-power industry pumps
●
Medium power fans for HVAC
●
Power tools.
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
System introduction
2.3
Safety and operating instructions
2.3.1
General terms
Warning:
During assembly, testing, and normal operation, the
demonstration board poses several inherent hazards,
including bare wires, moving or rotating parts and hot
surfaces. There is a danger of serious personal injury if the
kit or components are improperly used or incorrectly
installed. The kit is not electrically isolated from the AC/DC
input. The demonstration board is directly linked to the mains
voltage. No insulation is ensured between accessible parts
and high voltage. All measuring equipment must be isolated
from the mains before powering the board. When using an
oscilloscope with the demonstration board, it must be
isolated from the AC line. This prevents shock from occurring
as a result of touching any single point in the circuit, but
does not prevent shock when touching two or more points in
the circuit. Do not touch the demonstration board after
disconnection from the voltage supply; several parts and
power terminals, which contain energized capacitors, must
be allowed to discharge.
All operations involving transportation, installation and use, as well as maintenance, are to
be carried out by skilled technical personnel (national accident prevention rules must be
observed). For the purpose of these basic safety instructions, “skilled technical personnel”
are considered as suitably qualified people who are familiar with the installation, use, and
maintenance of power electronic systems.
2.3.2
Demonstration board intended use
The STEVAL-IHM025V1 demonstration board is designed for demonstration purposes only
and must not be used in final applications. The technical data, as well as information
concerning the power supply conditions, must only be taken from the relevant
documentation and must be strictly observed.
2.3.3
Demonstration board installation
The installation and cooling of the demonstration board must be in accordance with the
specifications and the targeted application.
●
The motor drive converters must be protected against excessive strain. In particular,
no components are to be bent or isolating distances altered during the course of
transportation or handling.
●
No contact must be made with other electronic components and contacts.
●
The boards contain electro-statically sensitive components that are prone to damage
through improper use. Electrical components must not be mechanically damaged or
destroyed.
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
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System introduction
2.3.4
UM0900
Electrical connections
Applicable national accident prevention rules must be followed when working on the main
power supply. The electrical installation must be carried out in accordance with the
appropriate requirements.
A system architecture which supplies power to the demonstration board must be equipped
with additional control and protective devices in accordance with the applicable safety
requirements (e.g. compliance with technical equipment and accident prevention rules).
8/43
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
Board description
3
Board description
3.1
System architecture
A generic motor control system can be basically schematized as the arrangement of four
main blocks (see Figure 2 below).
●
Control block - its main task is to accept user commands and motor drive
configuration parameters. It provides all digital signals to implement the proper motor
driving strategy. The STM3210B-EVAL demonstration board, based on the STM32
microcontroller can be used as the control block, thanks to the motor control connector
equipped on the STEVAL-IHM025V1.
●
Power block - it is based on three-phase inverter topology. The hearth of the power
block is the STGIPL14K60 integrated intelligent power module which contains all the
necessary active components. Please refer to the STGIPL14K60 datasheets for more
information.
●
The motor - the STEVAL-IHM025V1 demonstration board is able to properly drive any
PMSM, but the FOC itself is conceived for sinusoidal-shaped back-EMF. The
demonstration board is also convenient for driving any 3- or 2-phase asynchronous
motor.
●
Power supply block - able to work from 90 VAC to 285 VAC or from 125 VDC to
400 VDC. The power block is based on a buck converter with a VIPer16 controller.
Please refer to Section 4 to properly set the jumpers according to the required
application.
Figure 2.
Motor control system architecture
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The STEVAL-IHM025V1 includes the power supply and the power block.
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
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UM0900
Board description
STEVAL-IHM025V1 schematic - part 2
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Board description
UM0900
STEVAL-IHM025V1 schematic - part 3
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UM0900
Board description
STEVAL-IHM025V1 schematic - part 4
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Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
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Board description
UM0900
STEVAL-IHM025V1 schematic - part 5
UM0900
Board description
3.3
Circuit description
3.3.1
Power supply
The power supply in the STEVAL-IHM025V1 demonstration board is implemented as a wide
range converter. The working input voltage range is from 90 VAC or 125 VDC up to
285 VAC or 400 VDC.
The auxiliary power supply for all active components on the demonstration board is
implemented with a buck converter based on U6 VIPer16L which works with a fixed
frequency of 60 kHz. The output voltage of the converter is +15 VDC. Voltage is fed into the
intelligent power module (IPM) as supplying voltage, as well as into linear regulators
LF33ABDT and L78M05AB. Linear regulators provide +3.3 VDC and +5 VDC for supplying
operational amplifiers and further related parts placed on the demonstration board. Please
refer to STMicroelectronics’ VIPer16LD datasheet for further information.
The presence of a +15 VDC on the board is indicated with red LED D5. Figure 8 below
describes the power supply section with a simplified block diagram.
Figure 8.
Power supply block diagram
"536$#
6$#
6$#
,INEARREGULATOR
,-
$#"53
-!86 $#
).054
6!#
6$#
"RIDGE
RECTIFIER
"UCKCONVERTER
6)0ER,
6$#
,INEARREGULATOR
,&
6$#
!-6
3.3.2
Inrush limitation
The input stage of the demonstration board is provided with an NTC resistor to eliminate
input inrush current peak during the charging of the bulk capacitors. To achieve a higher
efficiency of the inverter it is possible to bypass the NTC after the startup phase. The NTC
bypass signal is provided from the MCU board through the J4 connector. The yellow LED
diode D6 is turned off when the inrush resistor is disabled.
A basic EMI filter based on X2 and Y2 capacitors was implemented on the STEVALIHM025V1. The EMI filter is not able to absorb EMI distortion coming from the inverter for all
ranges of the applications. The final EMI filter must be designed according to the motor and
final target applications. The heatsink itself is connected to the earth pin in the J1 connector.
It is recommended to connect the heatsink to a negative voltage potential - common ground
when a DC voltage is used to supply the demonstration board.
3.3.3
Power block based on IGBT module
The IGBT module STGIPL14K60 consists of IGBT power switches, smart drivers, and
operational amplifiers. STGPIL14K60 is provided with advanced gate drivers, many features
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
15/43
Board description
UM0900
are available like: integrated op-amp for signal conditioning, integrated comparators for
overcurrent or short-circuit protection, and the “SMART SHUTDOWN” function. Please refer
to the STGIPL14K60 datasheets for more information.
3.3.4
Brake function
A hardware brake feature is implemented on the STEVAL-IHM025V1 demonstration board.
This feature connects the external dummy load applied to the J6 connector to the bus, to
eliminate overvoltage generated while the motor acts as a generator. Voltage on the bus is
sensed through a voltage divider net, with R32, R33 and R42 resistors, and it is compared
to the voltage reference built around the precise voltage reference U3. The brake dummy
load is switched on when voltage on the bus reaches 445 VDC and is switched off when the
voltage falls below 420 VDC. The brake function can be activated by the microcontroller
thanks to the motor-control connector (please set the W3 jumper in position “A”). The brake
threshold levels can be modified by calculating R32, R33, R42 and R45 new values.
3.3.5
Overcurrent protection
Hardware overcurrent protection (OCP) is implemented on the board. STGIPL14K60
integrates three internal comparators. Thanks to the internal connection between the
comparator output and shutdown block (see Figure 9), the intervention time of overcurrent
protection is extremely low, ranging slightly above 200 ns (Smart Shutdown).
The overcurrent protection acts as soon as the voltage on the CIN pin rises above the
internal voltage reference (typical value is 0.53 V). Considering the default value of the
shunt resistor, it follows that the maximum allowed current is equal to:
Equation 1
ISHU NT
Note:
MAX
V REF
= ---------------------- × ⎛ 1 + R1
--------⎞
R SHUNT ⎝
R2⎠
R3 is not connected on the STEVAL-IHM025V1.
With the default values this gives:
●
16/43
ISHUNT_MAX = 7 A
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
Figure 9.
Board description
Overcurrent protection
6
2 222
#).
#).
#).
6
3MART3$
#/-0!2!4/2
2 222
n
62%&
2 222
3HUNT
RESISTOR
$RIVER
)0-34')0+
'.$
!-6
Overcurrent protection can be disabled if the W3 jumper is set to the B position. This may be
necessary and is often useful when the user decides to make the brake operate by turning
on the three low-side switches. In fact, if the motor acts as a generator, it is necessary to
protect the hardware, preventing the bus voltage from exceeding a safety threshold. In
addition to dissipating the motor energy on a brake resistor, it is possible to short the motor
phases, preventing the motor current from flowing through the bulk capacitors.
The current into the motor phases is normally limited by the motor phase impedance but
during the short-circuit transient, a high current can flow through the switches for a few ms.
In order to avoid false triggering it may be necessary to deactivate the OCP with this jumper
configuration.
3.3.6
Current sensing amplifying network
Three-shunt current reading configuration
Details of the three-shunt current-sensing reading configuration are shown in Figure 10. In
this configuration, the alternating signal on the shunt resistor, with positive and negative
values, must be converted to be compatible with the single positive input of the
microcontroller A-D converter used to read the current value.
The op-amp is used in follower mode: its gain is set by resistor r and R:
Equation 2
+ r----------G = R
r
It is possible to calculate the voltage on the output of the op-amp OP OUT - VOUT as a sum
of a bias VBIAS and a signal VSIGN component equal to:
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
17/43
Board description
UM0900
Equation 3
V OU T = V SIGN + V BIAS
3.3
V BI AS = ---------------------------------------------------------- × G
1
1
1
⎛ ------- + -------- + --------⎞ × R3
⎝ R1 R2 R3⎠
I × R SHUNT
V SIGN = ---------------------------------------------------------- × G
1
1
1
⎛ ------- + -------- + --------⎞ × R1
⎝ R1 R2 R3⎠
Total gain of the circuit including resistors' divider is equal to:
Equation 4
V SI GN
V SI GN
G TOT = --------------- = ---------------------------V IN
R SHUN T × I
With the default values this gives:
18/43
●
VBIAS = 1.7 V
●
G = 4.3
●
GTOT = 1.7
●
Maximum current amplifiable without distortion is 6.5 A.
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
Board description
Figure 10. Three-shunt configuration
6
2 222
/0/54
/0/54
/0/54
6##
/0!-0
/0/54
/0
n
/0n
$2)6%2
/0
/0
/0
2222
/0n
/0n
/0n
2 222
3HUNT
RESISTOR
)0-34')0,+
2222
R 222
'.$
!-6
Six-step (block commutation) current reading configuration
In the case of six-step (also called block commutation) current control, only two of the motor
phases conduct current at the same time. Therefore, it is possible to use only one shunt
resistor placed on the DC link to measure the motor phase current. Moreover, as the current
is always flowing in the same direction on the shunt resistor, only positive current must be
measured and in this case the amplifying network needs to be properly designed. The
details of single-shunt current sensing reading configuration are shown in Figure 11. In this
configuration, the current sampling is done only when the value on the shunt resistor is
positive. Only the positive value read on the shunt resistor allows the setting of a higher gain
for the op-amp than the one set in three-shunt reading mode.
The op-amp is used in follower mode with gain of the op-amp set by resistor r and R:
Equation 5
R+r
G = -----------r
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
19/43
Board description
UM0900
It is possible to calculate the voltage on the op-amp output OP OUT - VOUT as the sum of
a bias VBIAS and a signal VSIGN component equal to:
Equation 6
V OU T = V SIGN + V BIAS
V BI AS
R1
3.3 × ---------------------R1 + R2
= ------------------------------------------------------------------------ × G
1
1
1
⎛ ------- + ---------------------- + --------⎞ × R4
⎝ R3 R1 + R2 R4⎠
I × R SH UNT × [ R2 × ( R3 + R4 ) + R3 × R4 ]
V SIGN = -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- × G
( R1 + R2 ) × ( R3 + R4 ) + R3 × R4
Total gain of the circuit with the resistors' divider is equal to:
Equation 7
V SIGN
V SIGN
G TOT = ---------------- = -----------------------------V IN
R SH UNT × I
With the default values this gives:
20/43
●
VBIAS = 0.12 V
●
G = 4.98
●
GTOT = 2.53
●
Maximum current amplifiable without distortion is 6.5 A.
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
Board description
Figure 11. Six-step current sensing configuration
6
2 2
2 2
/0/54
/0/54
/0/54
6##
/0!-0
/0
/0
/0
/0
2 2
n
/0/54
/0n
/0n
/0n
/0n
3HUNT
RESISTOR
2 2
$2)6%2
)0-34')0,+
222
R 2
'.$
!-6
Table 1.
Current reading configuration - gain settings
Gain configuration
Jumper
3.3.7
Six-step current sensing
Three-shunt
W11
Not present
Present
W6
B position
A position
The tachometer and hall/encoder inputs
Both the tachometer and hall/encoder inputs have been implemented on the board. In the
case of using a hall or encoder sensor, the W2 jumper must be connected and the W5
jumper disconnected. The W12 jumper set in position A allows to supply any connected hall
sensor with the same supply voltage of MCU (+3.3 VDC or +5 VDC depend on the W1
jumper). Setting the W12 jumper to position B supplies the hall sensor directly with +5 VDC,
which is the most common voltage for a hall sensor. As a voltage level shifter between +5
VDC hall sensor and +3.3 VDC, control logic uses features built around the U9 Hex Schmitt
inverter. In the case of using a tachometer, the W2 jumper must be disconnected and the
W5 jumper connected.
This type of adjustable feature allows for the testing and evaluating of motors with a wide
spectrum of various sensors.
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
21/43
Board description
3.3.8
UM0900
Temperature feedback and overtemperature protection (OTP)
Hardware overtemperature protection is also implemented on the STEVAL-IHM025V1
demonstration board. This feature fully protects the IPM module against damage when the
temperature on the junction on the IPM overruns a defined value. The temperature is
sensed through an NTC resistor which is integrated into the IPM. The measured signal is
fed through the J4 motor connector to the MCU control unit and can be read with an A-D
converter. The signal is also fed to the U6 comparator where it is compared with a 2.5 V
reference voltage which is built around U7 precision reference TS3431. The output signal of
the U6 comparator is fed into the SD pin of the IPM to stop the commutation of the
connected motor. With the value of the integrated NTC resistor inside the IPM and R100
resistor equal to 2.2kΩ, the shutdown temperature is roughly 85 °C.
22/43
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
4
Hardware setting of the STEVAL-IHM025V1
Hardware setting of the STEVAL-IHM025V1
The STEVAL-IHM025V1 demonstration board can be driven through the J4 motor connector
by various control units released by STMicroelectronics. The demonstration board is
suitable for field oriented control as well as for tachometer or hall sensor closed-loop control.
The STEVAL-IHM025V1 demonstration board ideally fits with STMicroelectronics’ released
STM3210B-EVAL board based on the STM32 MCU family as the control unit for FOCdriving algorithms.
4.1
Hardware settings for six-step (block commutation) current
control - single-shunt configuration
To drive any motor, the user must ensure that:
●
The motor control demonstration board is driven by a control board that provides the
six output signals required to drive the 3-phase power stage
●
The motor is connected to the J2 motor output connector
●
If using an encoder or hall sensor connection, it is connected to connector J5
●
If using a tachometer connection, it is connected to connector J7
●
If using a dissipative hardware brake connection to a related dummy load, it is
connected to connector J6.
Table 2 below shows the jumper settings for any motors. Please confirm that the
demonstration board input voltage (mains voltage) is in the range of 125 VDC to 400 VDC or
90 VAC to 285 VAC.
Table 2.
Jumper settings for PMSM or generic AC motor - six-step
Settings for six-step current control - single shunt configuration
Jumper
HV PMSM motor
Generic AC motor with tachometer
W1
A position for 3.3 V supplied MCU
A position for 3.3 V supplied MCU
W2
Present
Not present
W3
Software brake / OCP disabled
Software brake / OCP disabled
W4
Present in case of need VDD for MCU
Present in case of need VDD for MCU
W5
Not present
Present
W6
B position
B position
W7
Present
Present
W8
Present
Present
W9
Not present
Not present
W10
Not present
Not present
W11
Not present
Not present
W12
Depends on hall supply voltage
Depends on hall supply voltage
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
23/43
Hardware setting of the STEVAL-IHM025V1
4.2
UM0900
Hardware settings with three-shunt configuration
To drive any motor, the user must ensure that:
●
The motor control demonstration board is driven by a control board that provides the
six output signals required to drive the 3-phase power stage
●
The motor is connected to the J2 motor output connector
●
If using an encoder or hall sensor connection, it is connected to connector J5
●
If using a tachometer connection, it is connected to connector J7
●
If using a dissipative hardware brake connection to a related dummy load, it is
connected to the J6 connector.
Table 3 below shows the jumper settings for any motors. Please confirm that the
demonstration board input voltage (mains voltage) is in the range of 125 VDC to 400 VDC or
90 VAC to 285 VAC.
Table 3.
Jumper settings for PMSM or generic AC motor - three shunt
Settings with three-shunt configuration
Jumper
24/43
HV PMSM motor
Generic AC motor with tachometer
W1
A position for 3.3 V supplied MCU
A position for 3.3 V supplied MCU
W2
Present
Not present
W3
Software brake / OCP disabled
Software brake / OCP disabled
W4
Present in case of need VDD for MCU
Present in case of need VDD for MCU
W5
Not present
Present
W6
A position
A position
W7
Not present
Not present
W8
Not present
Not present
W9
Present
Present
W10
Present
Present
W11
Present
Present
W12
Depends on hall supply voltage
Depends on hall supply voltage
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
5
Description of jumpers, test pins and connectors
Description of jumpers, test pins and connectors
The following tables give a detailed description of the jumpers, test pins and the pinout of
the connectors used. Table 4 gives a detailed description of the jumpers. Table 5 gives
a detailed description of the connectors andTable 6 describes all the test pins placed on the
board.
Table 4.
Jumper
Jumper description
Selection
Description
A position
Supplies peripheral on the board with 3.3 V
B position
Supplies peripheral on the board with 5 V
W1
Present
Connects H1 pin of encoder/hall sensor connector to measure phase A
W2
Not present Disconnects H1 pin of encoder/hall sensor connector to measure phase A
A position
Software brake feature applied
B position
Overcurrent protection can be disabled with software
W3
Present
Supplies direct driving board through the J4 connector (max. current 50 mA)
W4
Not present Separated voltage
Present
Connects tachometer signal to measure phase A
W5
Not present Disconnects tachometer signal to measure phase A
A position
Sets the gain of phase B current op. amplifier for three-shunt configuration
B position
Sets the gain of phase B current op. amplifier for single-shunt configuration
W6
Present
Shorts W and V emitters legs - setting for single-shunt configuration
W7
Not present Setting for three-shunt configuration
Present
Shorts V and U emitter legs - setting for single-shunt configuration
W8
Not present Setting for three shunt configuration
Present
Applies shunt resistor to W phase emitter leg
W9
Not present Setting for single shunt configuration
Present
Applies shunt resistor to U phase emitter leg
W10
Not present Setting for single shunt configuration
Present
Sets the gain of phase B current op. amplifier for three-shunt configuration
W11
Not present Sets the gain of phase B current op. amplifier for single-shunt configuration
A position
Sets the same supply voltage for the hall sensor as for the rest of peripheral
B position
Sets 5 VDC supply voltage for hall sensor
W12
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
25/43
Description of jumpers, test pins and connectors
Table 5.
Name
UM0900
Connector pinout description
Reference
Description / pinout
J1
Supply connector
1 - L- phase
2 - N- neutral
3 - PE- protected earth
4 - PE- protected earth
J2
Motor connector
A - phase A
B - phase B
C - phase C
J3
BEMF daughterboard connector
1 - phase A
2 - phase B
3 - phase C
4 - bus voltage
5 - 3.3 VDC
6 - VDD_micro
7 - GND
8 - PWM VREF
Motor control connector
1 - emergency stop
2 - GND
3 - PWM - 1H
4 - GND
5 - PWM-1L
6 - GND
7 - PWM-2H
8 - GND
9 - PWM-2L
10 - GND
11 - PWM-3H
12 - GND
13 - PWM-3L
14 - HV bus voltage
15 - current phase A
16 - GND
17 - current phase B
18 - GND
19 - current phase C
20 - GND
21 - NTC bypass relay
22 - GND
23 - dissipative brake PWM
24 - GND
25 - +V power
26 - heatsink temperature
27 - PFC sync.
28 - VDD_m
29 - PWM VREF
30 - GND
31 - measure phase A
32 - GND
33 - measure phase B
34 - measure phase C
J4
26/43
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
Description of jumpers, test pins and connectors
Table 5.
Name
Connector pinout description (continued)
Reference
Description / pinout
J5
Hall sensor/ encoder input connector
1 - hall sensor input 1/encoder A+
1 - hall sensor input 2/encoder B+
1 - hall sensor input 3/encoder Z+
4 - 5 VDC
5 - GND
J6
Dissipative brake
1 - bus voltage
2 - open collector
J7
Tachometer input connector for AC motor speed loop
control
1 - tachometer bias
2 - tachometer input
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
27/43
Description of jumpers, test pins and connectors
Table 6.
Testing pins description
Number
28/43
UM0900
Description
TP1
Sensed tachometer/encoder/hall signal A
TP2
Output phase A
TP3
Output phase B
TP4
Sensed encoder/hall signal B
TP5
Output phase C
TP6
Sensed encoder/hall signal Z
TP7
PWM - phase A - low-side
TP8
Voltage on bus divider - bus voltage information
TP9
PWM - phase A - high-side
TP10
Brake status - brake active in low state
TP11
PWM - phase B - low-side
TP12
3.3 VDC
TP13
PWM - phase B - high-side
TP14
15 VDC
TP15
PWM - phase C - low-side
TP16
Reference voltage 2.5 V for overtemperature protection
TP17
PWM - phase C - high-side
TP18
GND
TP19
Current in phase A
TP20
Current in phase B
TP21
Current in phase C
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
6
Connector placement
Connector placement
A basic description of the placement of all connectors on the board is visible in Figure 9.
Figure 12. STEVAL-IHM025V1 connector placement
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
29/43
Bill of materials
7
UM0900
Bill of materials
A list of components used to build the demonstration board is shown in Table 7. The majority
of the active components used are available from STMicroelectronics.
Table 7.
Bill of materials
Reference
Value / generic
part number
Package / class
Manufacturer
C1,C5
2.2 nF / Y1
Y1 safety CAP - 2.2 nF
Murata
Manufacturing Co.,
Ltd.
C2, C3
330 µF / 450 V
Elyt. capacitor, RM10 mm, 30 x 50, 105 °C
EPCOS B43504A5337-M
C14
150 nF / X2
Foil X2 capacitor, RM 15 mm
EPCOS
B32922C3154M
C15
1 µF / 50 V
Elyt. capacitor, SMD 4 x 4
any
C17
100 µF / 25 V
Elyt. capacitor, SMD 8 x 8
any
C6,C7,C10,C11,C16,C18,C2
3,C25,C26,C27,C49,C56,C5 100 nF
7,C60,C62,C63
Capacitor, SMD 0805
any (AVX, etc.)
C19,C20,C21,C37,C38,C43,
10 pF
C44,C47,C48
Capacitor, SMD 0805
AVX
C24
4.7 µF / 25 V
Elyt. capacitor, SMD 4 x 4
any
C28,C31,C32,C33
2.2 nF
Capacitor, SMD 0805
any (AVX, etc.)
C22
470 pF
Capacitor, SMD 0805
any (AVX, etc.)
C29
4.7 nF
Capacitor, SMD 0805
any (AVX, etc.)
C59
2.2 µF / 35 V
Elyt. capacitor, SMD 4 x 4
any
C13
220 nF / 16 V
Capacitor, SMD 0805
any (AVX, etc.)
C39,C40,C41,C42,C45,C46
1 µF / 50 V
Capacitor, SMD 1206; 50 V
AVX
C30,C52,C53,C54
100 pF
Capacitor, SMD 0805
any (AVX, etc.)
C4
330 nF / X2
Foil X2 capacitor, RM 15 mm
EPCOS
B32922C3334K
C34,C35,C36,C51
33 pF
Capacitor, SMD 0805
any (AVX, etc.)
C50
330 pF
Capacitor, SMD 0805
any (AVX, etc.)
C8, C58
22 µF / 6.3 V
Elyt. capacitor, SMD 4 x 4
any
C9,C55
10 nF
Capacitor, SMD 0805
any (AVX, etc.)
R22
15 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay™
R31,R46,R56,R71,R76
100 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
VR1
10 Ω
NTC
EPCOS B57364S
100 m
R1,R3,R6
100 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 1206
Vishay
30/43
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
Bill of materials
Table 7.
Bill of materials (continued)
Reference
Value / generic
part number
R11
13 kΩ
C12
N.C.
R9
Package / class
Manufacturer
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
160 Ω
Resistor, SMD 1206
Vishay
R17,R18,R19
4.7 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 0805
Vishay
R27
910 Ω
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R29,R41
220 Ω
Resistor, SMD 0805
Vishay
R23,R45
6.8 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
Resistor, SMD 1206, 1%
Vishay
R13,R21,R26,R30,R37,R44,
10 kΩ
R87
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R34
560 Ω
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R15,R16,R20,R24
5.6 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R61,R64,R72,R74,R77,R78,
1 kΩ
R90,R92,R94
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R38,R70,R86,R88,R96,R100 2.2 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R14,R25,R47,R48,R49,R81,
N.C.
R83,R85
R2,R4,R32,R33
470 kΩ
R40
100 Ω
Resistor, SMD 0805
Vishay
R35,R42
27 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R5,R10
120 Ω
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R57,R59,R67,R68,R75,R79,
3.3 kΩ
R91,R93,R95
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R62,R65,R66
820 Ω
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R80,R82,R84
0.15 Ω
Resistor, SMD 2512, 1%, 2 W
Vishay
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R12,R28,R36,R50,R51,R52,
R53,R54,R55,R58,R60,R63, 1 kΩ
R69,R97,R98,R99
R89
680 Ω
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R7,R43
8.2 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R8
51 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R73
33 Ω
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R39
220 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 0805, 1%
Vishay
R101,R102,
R103,R104,R105,R106
4.7 kΩ
Resistor, SMD 0805
Vishay
L1
47 µH
SMD choke, 0.5 A
Würth Elektronik
74455147
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
31/43
Bill of materials
Table 7.
UM0900
Bill of materials (continued)
Reference
Value / generic
part number
Package / class
Manufacturer
L2
2.2 mH
SMD choke, 0.25 A
Würth Elektronik
74456322
D1
KBU6K
Diode bridge, 250 VAC, 8 A
Vishay
D3
1N4148
Universal diode, SMD, DO-80
D2,D11,D12,D13,D14,D15,D
BAT48JFILM
16,D17,D18
Diode, SMD, SOD-323
STMicroelectronics
D10
BZX84B13V
Zener diode, SOT23, 13 V
NXP
D9
LED green
Universal LED 3 mm, 2 mA
Agilent Technologies
D6
LED yellow
Universal LED 3 mm, 2 mA
Agilent Technologies
D4,D7
STTH1L06A
HV diode, SMA
STMicroelectronics
D5
LED red
Universal LED 3 mm, 2 mA
Agilent
D8
BZV55C18SMD
Zener diode, SOD80, 18 V
Vishay
Q1,Q4,Q5,Q6,Q7,Q8,Q9,Q1
BC847A
0,Q11,Q12
NPN transistor, SOT23
FAIRCHILD
Q3
STGP10NC60KD
N-channel IGBT, TO220
STMicroelectronics
Q2
BC857B
PNP transistor, SOT23
FAIRCHILD
F1
Holder
Fuse holder 5 x 20 mm, KS21 SW
SCHURTER
F1
6.25 A
Fuse 6.25 A slow, FST06.3, 5 x 20 mm
LS1
FINDER 4031-12
Relay 12 VDC
Finder
U1
LF33ABDT-TR
Linear regulator 3.3 V
STMicroelectronics
U2
VIPer16LD
Smart PWM driver, SO-16
STMicroelectronics
U4,U6
TS391ILT
Voltage comparator, SOT23-5
STMicroelectronics
U5
STGIPL14K60
IPM with IGBT; SDIP 38L
STMicroelectronics
U3,U7
TS3431BILT
Voltage reference, SOT 23
STMicroelectronics
U8
L78M05ABDT-TR
Voltage regulator, DPAK
STMicroelectronics
U9
M74HC14RM13TR Logic IO, SO-14
TP2,TP3,TP5
PCB terminal 1 mm Not assembled
TP1,TP4,TP6-TP21
PCB terminal 1 mm Test pin
J1
Connector 4P
Connector RM 5 mm, 4-pole male and
female
J2
Connector 3P
Connector RM5 mm, 3-pole male and
female
J7
Con. 5 mm, 2P
Connector RM 5 mm, 2-pole, screw
ARK
J5
Con. 5 mm, 2P +
3P
Connector RM 5 mm, 2-pole and 3-pole,
screw
ARK
J4
MLW34G
MLW connector 34 pins
ARK
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STMicroelectronics
UM0900
Table 7.
Bill of materials
Bill of materials (continued)
Reference
Value / generic
part number
Package / class
J6
Con. 5 mm, 2P
Connector RM 5 mm, 2-pole, screw
J3
BL815G
12-pin connector RM 2.54 mm
W1
Jumper 2.54
Three pins of pin header + jumper in
position A
W2
Jumper 2.54
Two pins of pin header + jumper
W3
Jumper 2.54
Three pins of pin header + jumper in
position A
W4
Jumper 2.54
Two pins of pin header
W5
Jumper 2.54
Two pins of pin header
W6
Jumper 2.54
Three pins of pin header + jumper in
position A
W7
Wire jumper
Not assembled
W8
Wire jumper
Not assembled
W9
Wire jumper
Wire
W10
Wire jumper
Wire
W11
Jumper 2.54
Two pins of pin header + jumper
W12
Jumper 2.55
Three pins of pin header + jumper in
position A
Het 1
Heatsink
120 mm of AL profile 8284
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
Manufacturer
ARK
PADA Engineering
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PCB layout
8
UM0900
PCB layout
For this application a standard, double-layer, coppered PCB with a ~45 µm copper thickness
was selected. The PCB material is FR-4.
The dimensions of the board are:
Length:
190 mm
Width:
110 mm
PCB thickness: 1.55 mm
Figure 13. Copper tracks - top side
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PCB layout
Figure 14. Copper tracks - bottom side
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PCB layout
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Figure 15. Silk screen - top side
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PCB layout
Figure 16. Silk screen - bottom side
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Ordering information
9
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Ordering information
The demonstration board is available through the standard ordering system, the order code
is: STEVAL-IHM025V1. The items delivered include the assembled application board, board
documentation, PCB fabrication data such as gerber files, assembly files (pick and place)
and component documentation.
10
Using the STEVAL-IHM025V1 with STM32 FOC
firmware library
STM32 FOC firmware library v2.0 is a firmware library running on the STM3210B-MCKIT
which allows the performing of the FOC of a PMSM in configuration with and without
sensors.
This section describes the modifications to be applied to the STM32 FOC firmware library
v2.0 in order to make the firmware compatible with the STEVAL-IHM025V1.
10.1
Environmental considerations
Warning:
The STEVAL-IHM025V1 demonstration board must only be
used in a power laboratory. The voltage used in the drive
system presents a shock hazard.
The kit is not electrically isolated from the DC input. This topology is very common in motor
drives. The microprocessor is grounded by the integrated ground of the DC bus. The
microprocessor and associated circuitry are hot and MUST be isolated from user controls
and communication interfaces.
Warning:
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All measuring equipment must be isolated from the main
power supply before powering up the motor drive. To use an
oscilloscope with the kit, it is safer to isolate the DC supply
AND the oscilloscope. This prevents shock occurring as
a result of touching any SINGLE point in the circuit, but does
NOT prevent shock when touching two or more points in the
circuit.
Doc ID 17028 Rev 1
UM0900
Using the STEVAL-IHM025V1 with STM32 FOC firmware library
An isolated AC power supply can be constructed using an isolation transformer and
a variable transformer. A schematic of this AC power supply can be found in the “AN438,
TRIAC + Microcontroller: safety precautions for development tools,” application note.
(Although this Application Note was written for TRIAC, the isolation constraints still apply for
switching semiconductor devices such as IGBT or MOSFET).
Note:
Isolating the application rather than the oscilloscope is highly recommended in any case.
10.2
Hardware requirements
To run the STEVAL-IHM025V1 together with the STM32 FOC firmware library, the following
items are required:
10.3
●
The board: STEVAL-IHM025V1
●
High voltage insulated AC power supply up to 230 VAC
●
J-link programmer (not included in the package)
●
J-link insulating board (not included in the package)
●
3-phase brushless motor with permanent magnet rotor or a generic 3-phase induction
motor (not included in the package)
●
Insulated oscilloscope (as needed)
●
Insulated multimeter (as needed).
Software requirements
To customize, compile, and download the STM32 FOC firmware library v2.0 motor control
firmware, the IAR tool “EWARM v5.30” must be installed. The free 32 kB limited version
(referenced as “IAR KickStart Kit™” version) is available for download at:
http://supp.iar.com/Download/SW/?item=EWARM-KS32
10.4
Software modifications
Apart from the parameters header file which can be edited by using the 'FOCGUI
application' downloadable from:
http://www.st.com/mcu/modules.php?name=mcu&file=familiesdocs&fam=110&doc=59
the STM32 FOC firmware library v2.0 was designed in order to be compatible with the
L6386 drivers. In order to make the firmware compatible with IPM STGIPL14K60, the
polarity of the PWM driving the low-side transistors must be changed.
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Using the STEVAL-IHM025V1 with STM32 FOC firmware library
To achieve this task, perform the following steps:
1.
In 'stm32f10x_svpwm_3shunt.c' substitute line 177 with:
TIM1_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCNPolarity = TIM_OCNPolarity_Low;
2.
In 'stm32f10x_svpwm_1shunt.c' substitute line 311 with:
TIM1_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCNPolarity = TIM_OCNPolarity_Low;
3.
In 'stm32f10x_svpwm_3shunt.c' substitute line 88 with:
#define LOW_SIDE_POLARITY TIM_OCIdleState_Set
4.
In 'stm32f10x_svpwm_1shunt.c' substitute line 66 with:
#define LOW_SIDE_POLARITY TIM_OCIdleState_Set
5.
In 'MC_MotorControl_Layer.c', substitute line 49 with:
#define NTC_THRESHOLD
Note:
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25000
This sets the overtemperature protection to about 85 °C.
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11
Conclusion
Conclusion
This document describes the 1 kW 3-phase motor control STEVAL-IHM025V1
demonstration board based on IPM as a universal fully-evaluated platform.
12
References
1.
STMicroelectronics STGIPL14K60 device datasheet - see
www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/15589/stgipl14k60.pdf
2.
STMicroelectronics VIPer16 device datasheet - see
www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/15232.pdf
3.
STMicroelectronics STGP10NC60KD device datasheet - see
www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/11423/stgp10nc60kd.pdf
4.
STMicroelectronics user manual UM0379: “STM3210B-MCKIT and STR750-MCKIT 3phase motor control power stage” - see
www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/um/13031.pdf
5.
STMicroelectronics user manual UM0580: “100W 3-phase inverter featuring L6390 and
STD5NK52ZD for vector control STEVAL-IHM023V1” - see
www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/um/14958.pdf
6.
STMicroelectronics user manual UM0723: “1kW 3-phase motor control demonstration
board featuring L6390 drivers and STGP10NC60KD IGBT” - see
www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/um/15870.pdf
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Revision history
13
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Revision history
Table 8.
42/43
Document revision history
Date
Revision
25-May-2010
1
Changes
Initial release.
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