2.65 W Filterless Class-D Audio Amplifier with Integrated Dual SPST Switch

NLMD5820
2.65 W Filterless Class-D
Audio Amplifier with
Integrated Dual SPST Switch
The NLMD5820 is an integrated mono Class-D audio power
amplifier and dual SPST switch capable of delivering 2.65 W of
continuous average power to 4.0 from a 5.0 V supply in a Bridge
Tied Load (BTL) configuration. Under the same conditions, the output
power stage can provide 1.4 W to a 8.0 BTL load with less than 1%
THD+N. For cellular handsets or PDAs it offers space and cost
savings because no output filter is required when using inductive
tranducers. The NLMD5820 incorporates a dual SPST switch which
allows signals to bypass the amplifier. The integrated switch operates
off a separate supply voltage and maintains a very low RON resistance,
0.5 max @ 2.8 V VCC.
The NLMD5820 processes analog inputs with a pulse width
modulation technique that lowers output noise and THD when
compared to a conventional sigma-delta modulator. The device allows
independent gain while summing signals from various audio sources.
Thus, in cellular handsets, the earpiece, the loudspeaker and even the
melody ringer can be driven with a single NLMD5820. Due to its low
42V noise floor, A-weighted, clean listening is guaranteed no matter
the load sensitivity.
Features
•Optimized PWM Output Stage: Filterless Capability
•Efficiency up to 90%
Low 2.5 mA Typical Quiescent Current
•Large Output Power Capability: 1.4 W with 8.0 Load (CSP) and
THD + N < 1%
•Dual SPST with 0.5 Max RON @ VCC = 2.8 V
•High Performance, THD+N of 0.03% @ Vp = 5.0 V,
RL = 8.0 , Pout = 100 mW
•Excellent PSRR (-65 dB): No Need for Voltage Regulation
•Surface Mounted Package UDFN16
•Fully Differential Design. Eliminates Two Input Coupling Capacitors
•Very Fast Turn On/Off Times with Advanced Rising and Falling
Gain Technique
•External Gain Configuration Capability
•Internally Generated 250 kHz Switching Frequency
•Short Circuit Protection Circuitry
•“Pop and Click” Noise Protection Circuitry
•This is a Pb-Free Device
Applications
•Cellular Phone
•Portable Electronic Devices
•PDAs and Smart Phones
© Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2007
September, 2007 - Rev. 0
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MARKING
DIAGRAM
16
A2A M
G
1
16 PIN UDFN
CASE 517AL
A2A
M
G
1
= Specific Device Code
= Date Code/Assembly Location
= Pb-Free Package
PIN CONNECTIONS
NC2
1
16
GND
IN2
2
15
NC1
COM2
3
14
IN1
VCC
4
13
COM1
SD
5
12
OUTM
VP
6
11
GND
INP
7
10
VP
INM
8
9
OUTP
(Top View)
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
NLMD5820MUTAG
Package
Shipping†
16 PIN
3000/Tape & Reel
UDFN
(Pb-Free)
For
information on tape and reel specifications,
including part orientation and tape sizes, please
refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specification
Brochure, BRD8011/D.
1
Publication Order Number:
NLMD5820/D
NLMD5820
2.2 F
Vp
Rf
Ci
Ri
100 nF
VCC
Vp
INM
OUTP
BYPASS
Negative
Differential
Input
Vp
RAMP
GENERATOR
RL = 8 Required
for
Filtering
the Audio
Input
Signal
Data
Processor
BYPASS
INTERNAL
BIASING
OUTM
Ci
BYPASS
Ri
INP
GND
Rf
NC1
Positive
Differential
Input
COM1
NC2
Shutdown
Control
COM2
SD
Vih
IN2
IN1
Vil
Figure 1. Functional Block Diagram
FUNCTION TABLE
IN 1, 2
NC 1, 2
0
1
ON
OFF
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2
GND
NLMD5820
PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin No.
Symbol
Type
1
NC2
I/O
Description
2
IN2
I
3
COM2
I/O
4
VCC
I
Analog Supply for Switches. Range: 1.65 V – 4.5 V.
5
SD
I
The device enters in Shutdown Mode when a low level is applied on this pin. An internal 300 k
resistor will force the device in shutdown mode if no signal is applied to this pin. It also helps to
save space and cost.
6
Vp
I
Power Analog Positive Supply. Range: 2.5 V – 5.5 V.
7
INP
I
Positive Differential Input.
8
INM
I
Negative Differential Input.
Normally Closed Signal Line for Switch #2.
Control Input for Switch #2.
Common Signal Line for Switch #2.
9
OUTP
O
Positive BTL Output.
10
Vp
I
Analog Positive Supply. Range: 2.5 V - 5.5 V.
11
GND
I
Analog Ground.
12
OUTM
O
Negative BTL Output.
13
COM1
I/O
Common Signal Line for Switch #1.
14
IN1
I
15
NC1
I/O
16
GND
I
Control Input for Switch #1.
Normally Closed Signal Line for Switch #1.
Analog Ground.
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3
NLMD5820
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol
Rating
Vp
Supply Voltage for Amplifier
Vin
Input Voltage for Amplifier
VCC
Supply Voltage for Switches
VIS
Analog Signal Voltage for Switches (VNC, or VCOM)
VIN
Control Input for Switches
Iout
Ianl1
Ianl-pk1
Active Mode
Shutdown Mode
Max
Unit
6.0
7.0
V
-0.3 to VCC +0.3
V
-0.5 to +5.5
V
-0.5 v VIS v VCC + 0.5
V
-0.5 v VIN v +5.5
V
Max Output Current of Amplifier (Note 1)
1.5
A
Continuous DC Current from COM to NC
±300
mA
Peak Current from COM to NC, 10 Duty Cycle
±500
mA
±100
mA
Pd
Power Dissipation (Note 2)
Internally Limited
-
TJ
Max Junction Temperature
150
°C
Tstg
Storage Temperature Range
-65 to +150
°C
RJA
Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Air
50
°C/W
-
ESD Protection
Human Body Model (HBM) (Note 3)
Machine Model (MM) (Note 4)
> 2000
> 200
V
-
Latchup Current @ TA = 85°C (Note 5)
±100
mA
Iclmp
MSL
Continuous DC Current into COM/NC with Respect to VCC or GND
UDFN16
UDFN16
Moisture Sensitivity (Note 6)
Level 1
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the
Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect
device reliability.
1. The device is protected by a current breaker structure. See “Current Breaker Circuit” in the Description Information section for more
information.
2. The thermal shutdown is set to 160°C (typical) avoiding irreversible damage to the device due to power dissipation.
3. Human Body Model: 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 k resistor following specification JESD22/A114.
4. Machine Model: 200 pF discharged through all pins following specification JESD22/A115.
5. Latchup Testing per JEDEC Standard JESD78.
6. Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1 per IPC/JEDEC standard: J-STD-020A.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Symbol
Parameter
Range
Unit
VP
Supply Voltage for Amplifier
2.5 to 5.5
V
VCC
Supply Voltage for Switches
1.65 to 4.5
V
VIS
Analog Signal Voltage for Switches
GND to VCC
V
VIN
Control Input for Switches
GND to VCC
V
TA
Operating Ambient Temperature
-40 to +85
°C
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4
NLMD5820
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AMPLIFIER (Limits apply for TA = +25°C unless otherwise noted)
Characteristic
Supply Quiescent Current
Shutdown Current
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Idd
Vp = 3.6 V, RL = 8.0 Vp = 5.5 V, No Load
Vp from 2.5 V to 5.5 V, No Load
TA = -40°C to +85°C
-
2.15
2.61
-
mA
-
-
3.8
Vp = 4.2 V
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
-
0.42
0.45
0.8
2.0
Vp = 5.5 V
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
-
0.8
0.9
1.5
-
Isd
A
A
Shutdown Voltage High
Vsdih
1.2
-
-
V
Shutdown Voltage Low
Vsdil
-
-
0.4
V
Switching Frequency
Fsw
Vp from 2.5 V to 5.5 V
TA = -40°C to +85°C
180
240
300
kHz
G
RL = 8.0 285 k
Ri
300 k
Ri
315 k
Ri
V
V
Output Impedance in Shutdown Mode
ZSD
-
20
-
k
Resistance from SD to GND
Rs
-
-
300
-
k
Output Offset Voltage
Vos
Vp = 5.5 V
-
6.0
-
mV
Turn On Time
Ton
Vp from 2.5 V to 5.5 V
-
1.0
-
s
Turn Off Time
Toff
Vp from 2.5 V to 5.5 V
-
1.0
-
s
Thermal Shutdown Temperature
Tsd
-
-
160
-
°C
Output Noise Voltage
Vn
Vp = 3.6 V, f = 20 Hz to 20 kHz
no weighting filter
with A weighting filter
-
65
42
-
RL = 8.0 , f = 1.0 kHz, THD+N < 1%
Vp = 2.5 V
Vp = 3.0 V
Vp = 3.6 V
Vp = 4.2 V
Vp = 5.0 V
-
0.22
0.33
0.45
0.67
0.92
-
RL = 8.0 , f = 1.0 kHz, THD+N < 10%
Vp = 2.5 V
Vp = 3.0 V
Vp = 3.6 V
Vp = 4.2 V
Vp = 5.0 V
-
0.36
0.53
0.76
1.07
1.49
-
RL = 4.0 , f = 1.0 kHz, THD+N < 1%
Vp = 2.5 V
Vp = 3.0 V
Vp = 3.6 V
Vp = 4.2 V
Vp = 5.0 V
-
0.24
0.38
0.57
0.83
1.2
-
RL = 4.0 , f = 1.0 kHz, THD+N < 10%
Vp = 2.5 V
Vp = 3.0 V
Vp = 3.6 V
Vp = 4.2 V
Vp = 5.0 V
-
0.52
0.8
1.125
1.58
2.19
-
RL = 8.0 , f = 1.0 kHz
Vp = 5.0 V, Pout = 1.2 W
Vp = 3.6 V, Pout = 0.6 W
-
87
87
-
RL = 4.0 , f = 1.0 kHz
Vp = 5.0 V, Pout = 2.0 W
Vp = 3.6 V, Pout = 1.0 W
-
79
78
-
Gain
RMS Output Power
Efficiency
Po
-
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5
Vrms
W
W
W
W
%
NLMD5820
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AMPLIFIER (Limits apply for TA = +25°C unless otherwise noted)
Characteristic
Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
Symbol
Conditions
THD+N
Vp = 5.0 V, RL = 8.0 ,
f = 1.0 kHz, Pout = 0.25 W
Vp = 3.6 V, RL = 8.0 ,
f = 1.0 kHz, Pout = 0.25 W
CMRR
PSRR
Vp from 2.5 V to 5.5 V
Vic = 0.5 V to Vp - 0.8 V
Vp = 3.6 V, Vic = 1.0 Vpp
f = 217 Hz
f = 1.0 kHz
Vp_ripple_pk-pk = 200 mV, RL = 8.0 ,
Inputs AC Grounded
Vp = 3.6 V
f = 217 kHz
f = 1.0 kHz
Min
Typ
Max
-
0.05
-
-
0.06
-
-
-62
-
-
-56
-57
-
Unit
%
dB
dB
-
-62
-65
-
Min
Typ
Max
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SWITCHES
Characteristic
Symbol
Conditions
Control Input High Voltage
VIH
VCC = 3.0 V
VCC = 4.2 V
Control Input Low Voltage
VIL
VCC = 3.0 V
VCC = 4.2 V
Control Input Leakage Current
IIN
1.4
2.0
Unit
V
0.7
0.8
V
VIN = VCC or GND
±0.1
±1.0
A
±10
±100
nA
ON State Leakage Current
ICOM(ON)
0 V < VCOM, VNC < VCC
OFF State Leakage Current
INC(OFF)
0 V < VCOM, VNC < VCC
±5
±50
nA
±1.0
±2.0
A
VCC = 3.0 V
VCC = 4.2 V
0.4
0.35
0.5
0.4
RFLAT
VCC = 3.0 V
VCC = 4.2 V
0.16
0.11
0.20
0.14
RON
VCC = 3.0 V
VCC = 4.2 V
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
Quiescent Current
ICC
ON Resistance
RON
RON Flatness
RON Matching
All Channels ON or OFF,
VIN = VCC or GND, IOUT =0
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6
NLMD5820
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SWITCHES (Input tr = tf = 3.0 ns)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
tON
Turn-On Time
RL = 50 , CL = 35 pF (Figures 43 and 44)
50
ns
tOFF
Turn-Off Time
RL = 50 , CL = 35 pF (Figures 43 and 44)
30
ns
CIN
Control Pin Input Capacitance
VCC = 0 V
3.5
pF
CNC
NC Port Capacitance
VCC = 3.3 V, VIN = 0 V
60
pF
CCOM
COM Port Capacitance When Switch is
Enabled
VCC = VIN = 3.3 V
200
pF
BW
Maximum On-Channel -3 dB
Bandwidth or Minimum Frequency
Response
VIN centered between VCC and GND (Figure 45)
19
MHz
VONL
Maximum Feed-through On Loss
VIN = 0 dBm @ 100 kHz to 50 MHz
VIN centered between VCC and GND (Figure 45)
-0.06
dB
VISO
Off-Channel Isolation
f = 100 kHz; VIS = 1 V RMS; CL = 5.0 pF
VIN centered between VCC and GND (Figure 45)
-68
dB
Q
Charge Injection Select Input to
Common I/O
VIN = VCC to GND, RIS = 0 , CL = 1.0 nF
Q = CL x DVOUT (Figure 46)
38
pC
THD
Total Harmonic Distortion THD + Noise
FIS = 20 Hz to 20 kHz, RL = Rgen = 600 ,
CL = 50 pF, VIS = 2.0 V RMS
0.08
%
VCT
Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk
f = 100 kHz; VIS = 1.0 V RMS, CL = 5.0 pF, RL = 50 VIN centered between VCC and GND (Figure 45)
-70
dB
Ci
Ri
+
Audio Input
Signal
NLMD5820
INP
+
OUTM
Load
Ci
Ri
-
INM
30 kHz
Low Pass
Filter
-
OUTP
VP
Measurement
Input
GND
4.7 F
+
Power
Supply
-
Figure 2. Test Setup for Typical Characteristics (Figures 3 - 34)
NOTES:
1. Unless otherwise noted, Ci = 100 nF and Ri= 150 k. Thus, the gain setting is 2 V/V and the cutoff frequency of the
input high pass filter is set to 10 Hz. Input capacitors are shorted for CMRR measurements.
2. To closely reproduce a real application case, all measurements are performed using the following loads:
RL = 8 means Load = 15 H + 8 + 15 H
RL = 4 means Load = 15 H + 4 + 15 H
Very low DCR 15 H inductors (50 m) have been used for the following graphs. Thus, the electrical load
measurements are performed on the resistor (8 or 4 ) in differential mode.
3. For Efficiency measurements, the optional 30 kHz filter is used. An RC low-pass filter is selected with
(100 , 47 nF) on each PWM output.
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7
NLMD5820
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AMPLIFIER
100
100
90
90
NLMD5820
DIE TEMPERATURE (°C)
EFFICIENCY (%)
80
70
60
50
40
Class AB
30
Vp = 5 V
RL = 8 20
10
80
Class AB
70
Vp = 5 V
RL = 8 60
50
40
30
0
NLMD5820
20
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Pout (W)
0.8
0
1
90
55
EFFICIENCY (%)
DIE TEMPERATURE (°C)
60
NLMD5820
70
60
50
Class AB
30
20
Vp = 3.6 V
RL = 8 10
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
Class AB
50
45
Vp = 3.6 V
RL = 8 40
35
30
25
NLMD5820
20
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Pout (W)
0.5
0.6
0
0.7
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Pout (W)
Figure 5. Efficiency vs. P out
Vp = 3.6 V, RL = 8 , f = 1 kHz
Figure 6. Die Temperature vs. P out
Vp = 3.6 V, RL = 8 , f = 1 kHz @ TA = +25°C
90
160
80
140
DIE TEMPERATURE (°C)
NLMD5820
70
EFFICIENCY %
0.6
Figure 4. Die Temperature vs. Pout
Vp = 5 V, RL = 8 , f = 1 kHz @ TA = +25°C
100
40
0.4
Pout (W)
Figure 3. Efficiency vs. Pout
Vp = 5 V, RL = 8 , f = 1 kHz
80
0.2
60
50
40
Class AB
30
20
Vp = 5 V
RL = 4 10
0.5
1
1.5
120
100
Vp = 5 V
RL = 4 80
60
40
0
0
Class AB
NLMD5820
20
2
0
1.0
Pout (W)
Figure 7. Efficiency vs. Pout
Vp = 5 V, RL = 4 , f = 1 kHz
Figure 8. Die Temperature vs. Pout
Vp = 5 V, RL = 4 , f = 1 kHz @ TA = +25°C
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8
0.5
1.5
Pout (W)
2.0
NLMD5820
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AMPLIFIER
100
90
80
90
EFFICIENCY %
70
DIE TEMPERATURE (°C)
NLMD5820
60
50
40
Class AB
30
Vp = 3.6 V
RL = 4 20
10
Class AB
80
70
Vp = 3.6 V
RL = 4 60
50
40
NLMD5820
30
0
20
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0
1.2
0.2
0.4
Pout (W)
10
1.0
10
Vp = 5.0 V
RL = 8 f = 1 kHz
1.0
THD+N (%)
THD+N (%)
0.8
Figure 10. Die Temperature vs. Pout
Vp = 3.6 V, RL = 4 , f = 1 kHz @ TA = +25°C
Figure 9. Efficiency vs. Pout
Vp = 3.6 V, RL = 4 , f = 1 kHz
NLMD5820
0.1
1.0
Vp = 4.2 V
RL = 8 f = 1 kHz
NLMD5820
0.1
0.01
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
0.01
0
1.6
0.2
0.4
Pout (W)
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
Pout (W)
Figure 12. THD+N vs. Pout
Vp = 4.2 V, RL = 8 , f = 1 kHz
Figure 11. THD+N vs. Pout
Vp = 5 V, RL = 8 , f = 1 kHz
10
10
Vp = 3.6 V
RL = 8 f = 1 kHz
1.0
THD+N (%)
THD+N (%)
0.6
Pout (W)
NLMD5820
0.1
1.0
Vp = 3 V
RL = 8 f = 1 kHz
NLMD5820
0.1
0.01
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.01
0
0.8
Pout (W)
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Pout (W)
Figure 14. THD+N vs. Pout
Vp = 3 V, RL = 8 , f = 1 kHz
Figure 13. THD+N vs. Pout
Vp = 3.6 V, RL = 8 , f = 1 kHz
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0.5
0.6
NLMD5820
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AMPLIFIER
10
10
Vp = 5 V
RL = 4 f = 1 kHz
1.0
THD+N (%)
THD+N (%)
Vp = 2.5 V
RL = 8 f = 1 kHz
NLMD5820
0.1
0.01
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.5
1.0
Figure 16. THD+N vs. Pout
Vp = 5 V, RL = 4 , f = 1 kHz
2.5
10
Vp = 4.2 V
RL = 4 f = 1 kHz
1.0
Vp = 3.6 V
RL = 4 f = 1 kHz
0.1
0.5
1.0
1.5
0.01
0
2.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
Pout (W)
Figure 17. THD+N vs. Pout
Vp = 4.2 V, RL = 4 , f = 1 kHz
Figure 18. THD+N vs. Pout
Vp = 3.6 V, RL = 4 , f = 1 kHz
10
10
Vp = 2.5 V
RL = 4 f = 1 kHz
THD+N (%)
Vp = 3 V
RL = 4 f = 1 kHz
THD+N (%)
2.0
Figure 15. THD+N vs. Pout
Vp = 2.5 V, RL = 8 , f = 1 kHz
Pout (W)
1.0
0.1
0
1.5
Pout (W)
THD+N (%)
THD+N (%)
0
Pout (W)
0.1
0.01
0
0.1
0.01
0.4
10
1.0
1.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.0
0.1
0
Pout (W)
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Pout (W)
Figure 20. THD+N vs. Power Out
Vp = 2.5 V, RL = 4 , f = 1 kHz
Figure 19. THD+N vs. Power Out
Vp = 3 V, RL = 4 , f = 1 kHz
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10
0.6
NLMD5820
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AMPLIFIER
2.0
3.0
RL = 8 f = 1 kHz
RL = 4 f = 1 kHz
2.5
2.0
NLMD5820
THD+N = 10%
Pout (W)
Pout (W)
1.5
1.0
NLMD5820
THD+N = 3%
THD+N = 10%
1.5
THD+N = 1%
1.0
0.5
0.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
0
2.5
5.0
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
POWER SUPPLY (V)
POWER SUPPLY (V)
Figure 21. Output Power vs. Power Supply
RL = 8 @ f = 1 kHz
Figure 22. Output Power vs. Power Supply
RL = 4 @ f = 1 kHz
10
10
1.0
1.0
THD+N (%)
THD+N (%)
0
2.5
Vp = 2.5 V
Vp = 3.6 V
0.1
Vp = 3.6 V
Vp = 2.5 V
0.1
Vp = 5 V
Vp = 5 V
100
1000
10000
0.01
10
100000
Figure 24. THD+N vs. Frequency
RL = 4 , Pout = 250 mW @ f = 1 kHz
-30
-30
-40
-40
Vp = 5 V
Inputs to GND
RL = 8 -70
100
1000
10000
Vp = 3.6 V
Inputs to GND
RL = 4 -70
100000
100000
Vp = 5 V
-50
-60
Vp = 3.6 V
-80
10
10000
Figure 23. THD+N vs. Frequency
RL = 8 , Pout = 250 mW @ f = 1 kHz
-20
-60
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
-20
-50
100
FREQUENCY (Hz)
PSSR (dB)
PSSR (dB)
0.01
10
-80
10
100
1000
10000
100000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 25. PSRR vs. Frequency
Inputs Grounded, RL = 8 , Vripple = 200 mvpkpk
Figure 26. PSRR vs. Frequency
Inputs grounded, RL = 4 , Vripple = 200 mVpkpk
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NLMD5820
-20
3.5
-30
3.0
QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA)
CMMR (dB)
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AMPLIFIER
-40
-50
-60
Vp = 3.6 V
RL = 8 -70
-80
10
100
1000
10000
2.5
2.0
Thermal Shutdown
Vp = 3.6 V
RL = 8 1.5
1.0
0.5
0
120
100000
130
FREQUENCY (Hz)
160
Figure 28. Thermal Shutdown vs. Temperature
Vp = 5 V, RL = 8 ,
900
2.8
RL = 8 800
SHUTDOWN CURRENT (nA)
SHUTDOWN CURRENT (nA)
150
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 27. PSRR vs. Frequency
Vp = 3.6 V, RL = 8 , Vic = 200 mvpkpk
700
600
500
400
300
200
RL = 8 2.6
2.4
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
100
0
2.5
3.5
4.5
1.0
2.5
5.5
3.5
4.5
5.5
POWER SUPPLY (V)
POWER SUPPLY (V)
Figure 29. Shutdown Current vs. Power Supply
RL = 8 Figure 30. Quiescent Current vs. Power Supply
RL = 8 1000
1000
Vp = 5 V
RL = 8 100
NOISE (Vrms)
Vp = 3.6 V
RL = 8 NOISE (Vrms)
140
No Weighting
100
No Weighting
With A Weighting
10
10
100
With A Weighting
1000
10000
10
10
FREQUENCY (Hz)
100
1000
10000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 31. Noise Floor, Inputs AC Grounded
with 1 F Vp = 3.6 V
Figure 32. Noise Floor, Inputs AC Grounded
with 1 F Vp = 5 V
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NLMD5820
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AMPLIFIER
8
11
TA = +85°C
TURN OFF TIME (mS)
TURN ON TIME (mS)
10
TA = +25°C
9
TA = -40°C
8
7
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
6
5
TA = +85°C
7
6
2.5
3.5
4.5
4
2.5
5.5
3.5
4.5
5.5
POWER SUPPLY (V)
POWER SUPPLY (V)
Figure 33. Turn on Time
Figure 34. Turn off Time
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SWITCHES
0
0
-10
-3
-20
-6
-40
BW (dB)
XT (dB)
-30
-50
-60
-9
-12
-70
-80
-15
-90
-100
0.01
0.1
1
10
-18
0.01
100
FREQUENCY (MHz)
0.1
1
10
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Figure 35. Cross Talk vs. Frequency
@ VCC = 4.2 V
Figure 36. Bandwidth vs. Frequency
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100
NLMD5820
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SWITCHES
0.4
0.12
85°C
0.35
0.1
0.3
RON ()
THD (%)
0.08
0.06
25°C
0.25
-40°C
0.2
0.15
0.04
0.1
0.02
0.05
0
10
100
1000
10000
0
100000
0
0.5
1
1.5
FREQUENCY (Hz)
2.5
3
VIN (V)
Figure 37. Total Harmonic Distortion
Figure 38. On-Resistance vs. Input Voltage
@ VCC = 3.0 V
0.36
0.34
0.4
0.35
3.0 V
0.32
0.3
0.30
85°C
0.28
RON ()
0.25
RON ()
2
25°C
0.2
-40°C
0.15
0.26
0.24
0.22
4.3 V
0.20
0.1
0.18
0.05
0.16
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
0.14
4
0
0.5
1
1.5
VIN (V)
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
VIN (V)
Figure 39. On-Resistance vs. Input Voltage
@ VCC = 4.2 V
Figure 40. On-Resistance vs. Input Voltage
0
-10
-20
-30
ISOLATION (dB)
0
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
-110
-120
0.01
0.1
1
FREQUENCY @ VCC = 3.0 V (MHz)
Figure 41. Isolation vs. Frequency
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10
4.5
NLMD5820
VCC
DUT
VCC
Input
Output
GND
VOUT
0.1 F
50 tBMM
35 pF
90%
90% of VOH
Output
Switch Select Pin
GND
Figure 42. tBBM (Time Break-Before-Make)
VCC
Input
DUT
VCC
0.1 F
50%
Output
VOUT
Open
50%
0V
50 VOH
90%
35 pF
90%
Output
VOL
Input
tON
tOFF
Figure 43. tON/tOFF
VCC
VCC
Input
DUT
Output
50 50%
VOUT
Open
50%
0V
VOH
35 pF
Output
10%
VOL
Input
tOFF
Figure 44. tON/tOFF
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15
10%
tON
NLMD5820
50 DUT
Reference
Transmitted
Input
Output
50 Generator
50 Channel switch control/s test socket is normalized. Off isolation is measured across an off channel. On loss is
the bandwidth of an On switch. VISO, Bandwidth and VONL are independent of the input signal direction.
ǒVVOUT
Ǔ for VIN at 100 kHz
IN
VOUT
Ǔ for VIN at 100 kHz to 50 MHz
VONL = On Channel Loss = 20 Logǒ
VIN
VISO = Off Channel Isolation = 20 Log
Bandwidth (BW) = the frequency 3 dB below VONL
VCT = Use VISO setup and test to all other switch analog input/outputs terminated with 50 Figure 45. Off Channel Isolation/On Channel Loss (BW)/Crosstalk
(On Channel to Off Channel)/VONL
DUT
VCC
VIN
Output
Open
GND
CL
Output
Off
VIN
Figure 46. Charge Injection: (Q)
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16
On
Off
VOUT
NLMD5820
DESCRIPTION INFORMATION
Detailed Description
The basic structure of the amplifier portion of the
NLMD5820 is composed of one analog pre-amplifier, a
pulse width modulator and an H-bridge CMOS power stage.
The first stage is externally configurable with gain-setting
resistor Ri and the internal fixed feedback resistor Rf (the
closed-loop gain is fixed by the ratios of these resistors) and
the other stage is fixed. The load is driven differentially
through two output stages.
The differential PWM output signal is a digital image of
the analog audio input signal. The human ear is a band pass
filter regarding acoustic waveforms, the typical values of
which are 20 Hz and 20 kHz. Thus, the user will hear only
the amplified audio input signal within the frequency range.
The switching frequency and its harmonics are fully filtered.
The inductive parasitic element of the loudspeaker helps to
guarantee a superior distortion value.
the fast turn on and off times, the shutdown signal can be
used as a mute signal as well.
Turn On and Turn Off Transitions in Case of UDFN8
In case of UDFN8 package, the audio signal is established
instantaneously after the rising edge on the shutdown pin.
The audio is also suddenly cut once a low level is sent to the
amplifier. This way to turn on and off the device in a very fast
way also prevents from “pop & click” noise.
Shutdown Function
The device enters shutdown mode when the shutdown
signal is low. During the shutdown mode, the DC quiescent
current of the circuit does not exceed 1.5 A.
Current Breaker Circuit
The maximum output power of the circuit corresponds to
an average current in the load of 820 mA.
In order to limit the excessive power dissipation in the
load if a short-circuit occurs, a current breaker cell shuts
down the output stage. The current in the four output MOS
transistors are real-time controlled, and if one current
exceeds the threshold set to 1.5 A, the MOS transistor is
opened and the current is reduced to zero. As soon as the
short-circuit is removed, the circuit is able to deliver the
expected output power.
This patented structure protects the NLMD5820. Since it
completely turns off the load, it minimizes the risk of the
chip overheating which could occur if a soft current limiting
circuit was used.
Power Amplifier
The output PMOS and NMOS transistors of the amplifier
have been designed to deliver the output power of the
specifications without clipping. The channel resistance
(Ron) of the NMOS and PMOS transistors is typically 0.4.
Turn On and Turn Off Transitions in Case of 9 Pin
Flip-Chip Package
In order to eliminate “pop and click” noises during
transition, the output power in the load must not be
established or cutoff suddenly. When a logic high is applied
to the shutdown pin, the internal biasing voltage rises
quickly and, 4 ms later, once the output DC level is around
the common mode voltage, the gain is established slowly
(5.0 ms). This method to turn on the device is optimized in
terms of rejection of “pop and click” noises. Thus, the total
turn on time to get full power to the load is 9 ms (typical).
The device has the same behavior when it is turned-off by
a logic low on the shutdown pin. No power is delivered to the
load 5 ms after a falling edge on the shutdown pin. Due to
Dual SPST Switch
The NLMD5820 features an integrated dual SPST analog
switch. The control for the switch is operated independently
of the amplifier, allowing the audio system a choice between
routing signals through the amplifier or letting them pass
unaffected through the switch. When the switch is open, it
maintains significant off isolation to minimize the effects of
the amplifier output on the system.
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17
NLMD5820
APPLICATION INFORMATION
NLMD5820 PWM Modulation Scheme
signal is applied, OUTP duty cycle is greater than 50% and
OUTM is less than 50%. With this configuration, the current
through the load is 0 A most of the switching period and thus
power losses in the load are lowered.
The NLMD5820 uses a PWM modulation scheme with
each output switching from 0 to the supply voltage. If Vin =
0 V outputs OUTM and OUTP are in phase and no current
is flowing through the differential load. When a positive
OUTP
OUTM
+Vp
0V
-Vp
Load Current
0A
Figure 47. Output Voltage and Current Waveforms into an Inductive Loudspeaker
DC Output Positive Voltage Configuration
Voltage Gain
An optional filter can be used for filtering high frequency
signal before the speaker. In this case, the circuit consists of
two inductors (15 H) and two capacitors (2.2 F). The size
of the inductors is linked to the output power requested by
the application. A simplified version of this filter requires a
1 F capacitor in parallel with the load, instead of two 2.2 F
connected to ground).
Cellular phones and portable electronic devices are great
applications for Filterless Class-D as the track length
between the amplifier and the speaker is short, thus, there is
usually no need for an EMI filter. However, to lower radiated
emissions as much as possible when used in filterless mode,
a ferrite filter can often be used. Select a ferrite bead with the
high impedance around 100 MHz and a very low DCR value
in the audio frequency range is the best choice. The
MPZ1608S221A1 from TDK is a good choice. The package
size is 0603.
The first stage is an analog amplifier. The second stage is
a comparator: the output of the first stage is compared with
a periodic ramp signal. The output comparator gives a pulse
width modulation signal (PWM). The third and last stage is
the direct conversion of the PWM signal with MOS
transistors H-bridge into a powerful output signal with low
impedance capability.
With an 8 load, the total gain of the device is typically
set to:
300k
Ri
Input Capacitor Selection (Cin)
The input coupling capacitor blocks the DC voltage at the
amplifier input terminal. This capacitor creates a high-pass
filter with Rin, the cut-off frequency is given by
Fc +
2
1
Ri
Ci
.
Optimum Equivalent Capacitance at Output Stage
When using an input resistor set to 150 k, the gain
configuration is 2 V/V. In such a case, the input capacitor
selection can be from 10 nF to 1 F with cutoff frequency
values between 1 Hz and 100 Hz. The NLMD5820 also
includes a built in low pass filtering function. It's cut off
frequency is set to 20 kHz.
If the optional filter described in the above section isn't
selected. Cellular phones and wireless portable devices
design normally put several Radio Frequency filtering
capacitors and ESD protection devices between Filter less
Class D outputs and loudspeaker. Those devices are usually
connected between amplifier output and ground. In order to
achieve the best sound quality, the optimum value of total
equivalent capacitance between each output terminal to the
ground should be less than or equal to 150 pF. This total
equivalent capacitance consists of the radio frequency
filtering capacitors and ESD protection device equivalent
parasitic capacitance.
Optional Output Filter
This filter is optional due to the capability of the speaker
to filter by itself the high frequency signal. Nevertheless, the
high frequency is not audible and filtered by the human ear.
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18
NLMD5820
15 H
15 H
OUTM
RL = 8 2.2 F
1.0 F
2.2 F
RL = 8 OUTM
OUTP
15 H
OUTP
15 H
Figure 48. Advanced Optional Audio Output Filter
Figure 49. Optional Audio Output Filter
RL = 8 OUTM
FERRITE
CHIP BEADS
OUTP
Figure 50. Optional EMI Ferrite Bead Filter
Cs
VP
Ri
Differential
Audio Input
from DAC
INP
Ri
OUTM
INM
OUTP
SD
Input from
Microcontroller
GND
Figure 51. NLMD5820 Application Schematic with Fully Differential Input Configuration
Cs
Differential
Audio Input
from DAC
Ri
Ri
VP
INP
OUTM
INM
FERRITE
CHIP BEADS
Input from
Microcontroller
OUTP
SD
GND
Figure 52. NLMD5820 Application Schematic with Fully Differential Input Configuration and
Ferrite Chip Beads as an Output EMI Filter
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19
NLMD5820
Cs
Ci
VP
Ri
Differential
Audio Input
from DAC
INP
Ri
OUTM
INM
FERRITE
CHIP BEADS
Ci
OUTP
SD
Input from
Microcontroller
GND
Figure 53. NLMD5820 Application Schematic with Differential Input Configuration and
High Pass Filtering Function
Cs
Ci
VP
Ri
INP
Ri
Single-Ended Audio Input
from DAC
OUTM
INM
Ci
OUTP
SD
Input from
Microcontroller
GND
Figure 54. NLMD5820 Application Schematic with Single Ended Input Configuration
Cs
Ci
Differential
Audio Input
from DAC
Ri
Ri
VP
INP
OUTM
INM
FERRITE
CHIP BEADS
Ci
Input from
Microcontroller
OUTP
SD
GND
COM1
NC1
COM2
NC2
Figure 55. NLMD5820 Application Schematic Using Switches as Optional Bypass
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NLMD5820
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
UDFN16 3.2x2.4, 0.4P
CASE 517AL-01
ISSUE O
A
B
D
PIN ONE
REFERENCE
2X
0.10 C
2X
DETAIL A
OPTIONAL CONSTRUCTION
2X SCALE
ÉÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉÉ
0.10 C
E
(A3)
TOP VIEW
DETAIL B
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER
ASME Y14.5M, 1994.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS.
3. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO PLATED TERMINAL
AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.15 AND
0.30 mm FROM THE TERMINAL TIP.
4. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED
PAD AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS.
L
A1
DETAIL B
OPTIONAL CONSTRUCTION
4X SCALE
A
(A3)
DIM
A
A1
A3
b
D
D2
E
E2
e
K
L
0.05 C
16X
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
0.45
0.60
0.00
0.05
0.13 REF
0.15
0.25
3.20 BSC
2.70
2.90
2.40 BSC
1.00
1.20
0.40 BSC
0.20
--0.30
0.50
0.05 C
SIDE VIEW
NOTE 4
C
A1
SOLDERING FOOTPRINT*
SEATING
PLANE
2.90
D2
16X
L
DETAIL A
8
1
1.20
2.70
E2
16X
16X
K
16
e
1
16X
0.24
0.63
9
16X
0.40 PITCH
b
e/2
BOTTOM VIEW
DIMENSIONS: MILLIMETERS
0.10 C A B
0.05 C
*For additional information on our Pb-Free strategy and soldering
details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and
Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D.
NOTE 3
ON Semiconductor and
are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice
to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability
arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages.
“Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All
operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights
nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications
intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should
Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates,
and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death
associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal
Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner.
PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION
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Phone: 303-675-2175 or 800-344-3860 Toll Free USA/Canada
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ON Semiconductor Website: www.onsemi.com
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For additional information, please contact your local
Sales Representative
NLMD5820/D