NCP5209 4−In−1 PWM Buck and Tri−Linear Power Controller The NCP5209 4−In−1 PWM Buck and Tri−Linear Power Controller is a complete ACPI compliant power solution for MCH and DDR memory. This IC combines the high efficiency of a PWM controller for the VDDQ supply with the simplicity of linear regulator for the VTT termination voltage as well as the MCH core supply voltage. This IC contains a synchronous PWM buck controller for driving two external N−Ch FETs to form the DDR memory supply voltage (VDDQ). The DDR memory termination regulator (VTT) is designed to track at the half of reference voltage while sourcing and sinking current. The two linear regulator controllers driving two external N−Ch FETs are cascaded to produce the MCH core voltage (VMCH). Protective features include, soft−start circuitry, undervoltage monitoring of 5VDUAL, 5VATX and 12VATX, and thermal shutdown. The device is housed in a thermal enhanced space−saving QFN−20 package. Features • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Synchronous PWM Buck Controller for VDDQ Integrated Power FETs in VTT Regulator Source/Sink up to 2.0 A Two Linear Regulator Drivers for VMCH All External Power MOSFETs are N−Channel Adjustable VDDQ and VMCH by External Dividers VTT Tracks at Half of Reference Voltage or can be Adjusted Externally Fixed Switching Frequency of 250 kHz for DDQ Regulator in Normal Mode Doubled Switching Frequency of 500 kHz for DDQ Regulator in Standby Mode to Optimize Inductor Current Ripple and Efficiency Soft−Start Protection for all Regulators Undervoltage Monitoring of Supply Voltages Overcurrent Protection for DDQ and VTT Regulators Fully Complies with ACPI Power Sequencing Specifications Short Circuit Protection Prevents Damage to Power Supply Due to Reverse DIMM Insertion Thermal Shutdown 5x6 QFN−20 Package Applications • DDR I and DDR II Memory and MCH Power Supply Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2004 June, 2004 − Rev. 1 http://onsemi.com MARKING DIAGRAM 20 NCP5209 AWLYYWW 1 QFN−20 MN SUFFIX CASE 505AB 1 NCP5209 = Specific Device Code A = Assembly Location WL = Wafer Lot YY = Year WW = Work Week PIN CONNECTIONS COMP_DDQ FBDDQ SW_DDQ BG_DDQ TG_DDQ BOOT SS PGND VTT VDDQ 5VDUAL OCDDQ BUF_Cut DRV_2P4 FB2P4 DRV_1P5 AGND FBVTT DDQ_REF FB1P5 NOTE: Pin 21 is the thermal pad on the bottom of the device. ORDERING INFORMATION Device Package Shipping† NCP5209MNR2 6x5 mm QFN−20 2500 Tape & Reel †For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specification Brochure, BRD8011/D. 1 Publication Order Number: NCP5209/D NCP5209 CL1 5VATX BUF_Cut RL1 BUF_Cut BOOT SCHOTTKY CSS VTT 1.25 V, 12VATX 13 V Zener 5VDUAL VTT 2 Apk SCHOTTKY OCDDQ SS 5VDUAL R3 COUT2 FBVTT R4 TG_DDQ M1 REF_SNS L DDQ_REF AGND NCP5209 M2 BG_DDQ PGND DRV_2P4 COMP_DDQ 2P4V R5 FB2P4 CZ2 CZ1 COUT3 RZ1 R6 CP1 RZ2 R1 FBDDQ DRV_1P5 M4 R2 1P5V R7 FB1P5 VDDQ 1.5 V, 7 A COUT4 R8 Figure 1. Application Diagram http://onsemi.com 2 2.5 V, 20 A COUT1 SW_DDQ 3.3VATX M3 VDDQ NCP5209 VREF1 VOLTAGE and CURRENT REFERENCE CL1 RL1 5VATX VREF2 _VREFQD OCDDQ THERMAL SHUTDOWN TSD BOOT 12VATX BUF_CUT BOOT BOOT CONTROL _BOOTGD R10 VREF1 R11 + LOGIC S0 BOOT− UVLO Schottky 13 V Zener Schottky S3 MCH 5VDUAL − 5VDUAL 5VDUAL R12 + ILIM 5VDUAL− UVLO _5VDLGD + VREF1 R13 − IREF BOOT − TG_DDQ M1 VDDQ OCDDQ L R14 + VREF1 − R15 PGND VDDQ PWM LOGIC 5VATX− UVLO _5VATXGD SW_DDQ BOOT SS CSS M2 PGND PGND OSC COUT1 RSWDDQ BG_DDQ S0 COMP_DDQ S3 VREF1 MCH AMP + + A1 CZ2 CP1 CZ1 R1 RZ2 RZ1 − − FBDDQ R2 DDQ_REF 5VDUAL S0 R16 − M2 VDDQ + VTT Regulation Control VTT R17 AGND 5VDUAL VTT R18 R3 − R19 + R4 AGND AGND PGND VREF2 COUT2 M3 FBVTT 3.3VATX 5VDUAL BOOT DRV_2P4 + M3 2P4V − R5 AGND S0 VREF2 PGND 5VDUAL FB2P4 BOOT R6 COUT3 + MCH M4 − DRV_IP5 R7 PGND 1P5V AGND FB1P5 R8 AGND Figure 2. Internal Block Diagram http://onsemi.com 3 COUT4 NCP5209 PIN DESCRIPTION Pin Symbol Descriptions 1 COMP VDDQ error amplifier compensation node. 2 FBDDQ DDQ regulator feedback pin. 3 SS 4 PGND Soft−start pin of DDQ. Power ground. 5 VTT 6 VDDQ VTT regulator output. Power input for VTT linear regulator. 7 AGND Analog ground connection and remote ground sense. 8 FBVTT VTT linear regulator pin for closed loop regulation. 9 DDQ_REF 10 FB1P5 11 DRV_1P5 Reference voltage input of VTT regulator. 2nd linear regulator pin for closed loop regulation. 2nd linear regulator gate driver output for N−channel power FET. 12 FB2P4 13 DRV_2P4 1st linear regulator pin for closed loop regulation. 1st linear regulator gate driver output for N−channel power FET. 14 BUF_CUT Active high control signal to activate S3 sleep state. 15 OCDDQ Dual function I/O pin for overcurrent sensing as well as programming input of the high side FET of DDQ regulator, which is also monitored by undervoltage lock out circuitry. 16 5VDUAL 5.0 V dual supply input, which is monitored by undervoltage lock out circuitry. 17 BOOT 18 TG_DDQ Gate driver output for DDQ regulator high side N−channel power FET. 19 BG_DDQ Gate driver output for DDQ regulator low side N−channel power FET. 20 SW_DDQ DDQ regulator switch node and current limit sense input. 21 TH_PAD Copper pad on bottom of IC used for heatsinking. This pin should be connected to the ground plane under the IC. Gate drivers input supply, which is monitored by undervoltage lock out circuitry, and a boost capacitor is connected between SWDDQ and this pin. MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol Value Unit 5VDUAL −0.3, 6.0 V Gate Drive (Pins 11, 13), BOOT (Pin 17) to AGND (Pin 7) Vs −0.3, 14 V Gate Drive (Pins 18, 19) to AGND (Pin 7) Vg −0.3 DC, −4.0 for 100 ns; 14 V Input/Output Pins to AGND (Pin 7) Pins 1−3, 5−6, 8−10, 12, 14−15, 20 VIO −0.3, 6.0 V PGND (Pin 4) to AGND (Pin 7) VGND −0.3, 0.3 V Thermal Characteristics QFN−20 Plastic Package Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Air RJA 35 °C/W Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ 0 to +150 °C Operating Ambient Temperature Range TA 0 to +70 °C Storage Temperature Range Tstg − 55 to +150 °C Moisture Sensitivity Level MSL 2.0 Power Supply Voltage (Pin 16) to AGND (Pin 7) 1. This device series contains ESD protection and exceeds the following tests: Human Body Model (HBM) 2.0 kV per JEDEC standard: JESD22–A114. Machine Model (MM) 200 V per JEDEC standard: JESD22–A115. Except 11 and 13 pins, which are 150 V. 2. Latch–up Current Maximum Rating: 150 mA per JEDEC standard: JESD78. Maximum ratings are those values beyond which device damage can occur. Maximum ratings applied to the device are individual stress limit values (not normal operating conditions) and are not valid simultaneously. If these limits are exceeded, device functional operation is not implied, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. http://onsemi.com 4 NCP5209 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (5VDUAL = 5.0 V, BOOT = 12 V, 5VATX = 5.0 V, DDQ_REF = 2.5 V, TA = 0 to 70°C, L = 1.7 H, COUT1 = 3770 F, COUT2 = 470 F, COUT3 = 680 F, COUT4 = 3300 F, CSS = 33 nF, RL1 = 50 k, R1 = 2.2 k, R2 = 2.0 k, R3 = 0 , R4 = 1.0 k, R5 = 10 k, R6 = 5.0 k, R7 = 6.8 k, R8 = 7.5 k, RSWDDQ = 1.0 k, RZ1 = 20 k, RZ2 = 8.0 , CP1 = 10 nF, CZ1 = 6.8 nF, CZ2 = 100 nF, for min/max values unless otherwise noted.) Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit 5VDUAL Operating Voltage V5VDUAL (Note 3) 4.5 5.0 5.5 V OCDDQ Operating Voltage VOCDDQ (Note 3) − 5.0 5.5 V VBOOT (Note 3) − 12 13.2 V S0 Mode Supply Current from 5VDUAL I5VDL_S0 BUF_CUT = LOW, BOOT = 12 V, 5VATX = 5.0 V − − 8.0 mA S3 Mode Supply Current from 5VDUAL I5VDL_S3 BUF_CUT = HIGH, 5VATX = 0 V − − 5.0 mA S5 Mode Supply Current from 5VDUAL I5VDL_S5 BUF_CUT = LOW, 5VATX = 0 V − − 1.0 mA S0 Mode Supply Current from BOOT IBOOT_S0 BUF_CUT = LOW, BOOT = 12 V, 5VATX = 5.0 V − − 50 mA S3 Mode Supply Current from BOOT IBOOT_S3 BUF_CUT = HIGH, 5VATX = 0 V − − 25 mA 5VDUAL UVLO Upper Threshold V5VDLUV+ − − − 4.4 V 5VDUAL UVLO Hysteresis V5VDLhys − − 300 − mV BOOT UVLO Upper Threshold VBOOTUV+ − − − 10.3 V BOOT UVLO Hysteresis VBOOThys − − 1.0 − V OCDDQ UVLO Upper Threshold OCDDQUV+ − − − 1.5 V OCDDQ UVLO Hysteresis OCDDQhys − − 200 − mV Tsd (Note 3) − 145 − °C Tsdhys (Note 3) − 25 − °C VFBQ TA = 25°C TA = 0 to 70°C 1.178 1.166 1.190 1.202 1.214 V IDDQfb V(FBDDQ) = 1.3 V − − 1.0 A Oscillator Frequency in S0 Mode FDDQS0 − 217 250 283 kHz Oscillator Frequency in S3 Mode FDDQS3 − 434 500 566 kHz SUPPLY VOLTAGE BOOT Operating Voltage SUPPLY CURRENT UNDERVOLTAGE MONITOR THERMAL SHUTDOWN Thermal Shutdown Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis DDQ SWITCHING REGULATOR FBDDQ Feedback Voltage, Control Loop in Regulation Feedback Input Current Oscillator Ramp Amplitude dVOSC (Note 3) − 1.3 − Vp−p OCDDQ Pin Current Sink IOCDDQ V(OCDDQ) = 3.0 V 28 40 52 A Current Limit Blanking Time in S0 Mode TDDQbk (Note 3) 400 − − ns Minimum Duty Cycle in S0 Mode DS0min (Note 3) 0 − − % Maximum Duty Cycle in S0 Mode DS0max (Note 3) − − 100 % Minimum Duty Cycle in S3 Mode DS3min (Note 3) 0 − − % Maximum Duty Cycle in S3 Mode DS3max − − − 90 Iss1 V(SS) = 0 V Soft−Start Pin Current for DDQ 3. Guarantee by design, not tested in production. http://onsemi.com 5 2.0 % A NCP5209 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (5VDUAL = 5.0 V, BOOT = 12 V, 5VATX = 5.0 V, DDQ_REF = 2.5 V, TA = 0 to 70°C, L = 1.7 H, COUT1 = 3770 F, COUT2 = 470 F, COUT3 = 680 F, COUT4 = 3300 F, CSS = 33 nF, RL1 = 50 k, R1 = 2.2 k, R2 = 2.0 k, R3 = 0 , R4 = 1.0 k, R5 = 10 k, R6 = 5.0 k, R7 = 6.8 k, R8 = 7.5 k, RSWDDQ = 1.0 k, RZ1 = 20 k, RZ2 = 8.0 , CP1 = 10 nF, CZ1 = 6.8 nF, CZ2 = 100 nF, for min/max values unless otherwise noted.) Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit DC Gain GAINDDQ (Note 4) − 70 − dB Gain−Bandwidth Product GBWDDQ COMP PIN to GND = 220 nF, 1.0 in Series (Note 4) − 12 − MHz SRDDQ COMP_DDQ = 10 pF − 8.0 − V/s dVTTS0 IOUT= 0 to 2.0 A (Sink Current) IOUT= 0 to –2.0 A (Source Current) −30 − 30 mV ILIMVTsrc − 2.0 − − A DDQ ERROR AMPLIFIER Slew Rate VTT ACTIVE TERMINATION REGULATOR VTT Tracking REF_SNS/2 at S0 Mode VTT Source Current Limit VTT Sink Current Limit ILIMVTsnk − 2.0 − − A RDDQ_REF − − 50 − k 1st Regulator Feedback Voltage, Control Loop in Regulation VFB2P4 TA = 0°C to 70°C 0.784 0.800 0.816 V 1st Regulator Feedback Input Current IFB2P4 − − − 1.0 A 1st Regulator DC Gain GAIN2P4 (Note 4) − 66 − dB 2nd Regulator Feedback Voltage, Control Loop in Regulation VFB1P5 TA = 0°C to 70°C 0.784 0.800 0.816 V 2nd Regulator Feedback Input Current IFB1P5 − − − 1.0 A GAIN1P5 (Note 4) − 66 − dB Tss2 − − 1.5 − ms BUF_CUT Input Logic HIGH Logic_H − 2.0 − − V BUF_CUT Input Logic LOW Logic_L − − − 0.8 V ILogic − − − 1.0 A TGDDQ Gate Pull−HIGH Resistance RH_TG BOOT = 12 V, V(TGDDQ) = 11.9 V − 3.0 − TGDDQ Gate Pull−LOW Resistance RL_TG BOOT = 12 V, V(TGDDQ) = 0.1 V − 2.5 − BGDDQ Gate Pull−HIGH Resistance RH_BG BOOT = 12 V, V(BGDDQ) = 11.9 V − 3.0 − BGDDQ Gate Pull−LOW Resistance RL_BG BOOT = 12 V, V(BGDDQ) = 0.1 V − 1.3 − DRV_2P4 Gate Pull−HIGH Voltage VH2P4 BOOT = 12 V − 9.0 − V DRV_2P4 Gate Pull−LOW Voltage VL2P4 BOOT = 12 V − 0.8 − V DRV_2P4 Gate Source Current IH2P4 BOOT = 12 V − 10 − mA DRV_2P4 Gate Sink Current IL2P4 BOOT = 12 V − 10 − mA DRV_1P5 Gate Pull−HIGH Voltage VH1P5 BOOT = 12 V − 9.0 − V DRV_1P5 Gate Pull−LOW Voltage VL1P5 BOOT = 12 V − 0.8 − V DRV_1P5 Gate Source Current IH1P5 BOOT = 12 V − 10 − mA DRV_1P5 Gate Sink Current IL1P5 BOOT = 12 V − 10 − mA DDQ_REF Input Resistance DUAL LINEAR REGULATOR CONTROLLER 2nd Regulator DC Gain Internal Soft−Start Timing CONTROL SECTION BUF_CUT Input Current GATE DRIVERS 4. Guarantee by design, not tested in production. http://onsemi.com 6 NCP5209 TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS 550 SWITCHING FREQUENCY (kHz) VFBQ, FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (V) 1.194 1.193 1.192 1.191 1.190 1.189 500 S3 Mode 450 400 350 S0 Mode 300 250 200 1.188 0 20 40 60 0 80 20 VFB1P5, 2ND REGULATOR FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (V) 0.8025 0.8020 0.8015 0.8010 0.8005 0.8000 0.7995 0.7990 0 20 40 40 60 80 TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 0.8025 0.8020 0.8015 0.8010 0.8005 0.8000 0.7995 0 20 40 60 TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 6. VFB1P5 2nd Regulator Feedback Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature −5.0 2 A Sourcing Current with 10 ms period and 2 ms pulse width −5.5 −6.0 −6.5 −7.0 −7.5 −8.0 −8.5 0 80 Figure 4. Oscillation Frequency in S0/S3 vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 5. VFB2P4 1st Regulator Feedback Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature −9.0 60 TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 3. VFBQ Feedback Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature VTT, SOURCE CURRENT LOAD REGULATION (mVp−p) VFB2P4, 1ST REGULATOR FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (V) TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 20 40 60 80 TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 7. VTT Source Current Load Regulation vs. Ambient Temperature http://onsemi.com 7 80 NCP5209 0.015 21.0 VTT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VDDQ/2V) VTT, SINK CURRENT LOAD REGULATION (mVp−p) TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS 20.5 20.0 19.5 2 A Sourcing Current with 10 ms period and 2 ms pulse width 19.0 18.5 18.0 0 20 40 60 80 0.010 0.005 0 Sourcing/Sin king current with 10 ms period and 2 ms pulse width −0.005 −0.010 −0.015 −0.020 −2.5 TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 8. VTT Sink Current Load Regulation vs. Ambient Temperature −1.5 −0.5 0.5 1.5 IVTT, OUTPUT LOAD CURRENT (A) 2.5 Figure 9. VTT Output Voltage vs. Load Current http://onsemi.com 8 NCP5209 TYPICAL OPERATING WAVEFORMS 288 mA applies to V1P5 Channel 1: VDDQ output voltage, 1.0 V/div Channel 2: VTT output voltage, 1.0 V/div Channel 3: V1P5 output voltage, 1.0 V/div Time base: 5.0 ms/div Channel 1: BUF_CUT pin voltage, 5.0 V/div Channel 2: VDDQ output voltage, AC−coupled, 50 mV/div Channel 3: VTT output voltage, AC−coupled, 200 mV/div Channel 4: V1P5 output voltage, 1.0 V/div Time base: 10 ms/div Figure 10. Power Up Sequence Figure 11. S0−S3−S0 Transition Channel 1: Current sourced out of VTT, 2.0 A/div Channel 2: VDDQ output voltage, AC−coupled, 50 mV/div Channel 3: VTT output voltage, AC−coupled, 20 mV/div Channel 4: V1P5 output voltage, AC−coupled, 50 mV/div Time base: 200 s/div Channel 1: Current sunk into of VTT, 2.0 A/div Channel 2: VDDQ output voltage, AC−coupled, 50 mV/div Channel 3: VTT output voltage, AC−coupled, 20 mV/div Channel 4: V1P5 output voltage, AC−coupled, 50 mV/div Time base: 200 s/div Figure 12. VTT Source Current Transient, 0A − 2A – 0A Figure 13. VTT Sink Current Transient, 0A − 2A − 0A http://onsemi.com 9 NCP5209 TYPICAL OPERATING WAVEFORMS Channel 1: Current sourced into of VDDQ, 10 A/div Channel 2: VDDQ output voltage, AC−coupled, 100 mV/div Channel 3: VTT output voltage, AC−coupled, 100 mV/div Channel 4: V1P5 output voltage, AC−coupled, 100 mV/div Time base: 1.0 ms/div Channel 1: Current sourced into of V1P5, 5.0 A/div Channel 2: VDDQ output voltage, AC−coupled, 50 mV/div Channel 3: VTT output voltage, AC−coupled, 100 mV/div Channel 4: V1P5 output voltage, AC−coupled, 20 mV/div Time base: 1.0 ms/div Figure 15. V1P5 Source Current Transient, 0A – 7A – 0A Figure 14. VDDQ Source Current Transient, 0A – 20A – 0A Channel 1: Current sourced into of VDDQ, 2.0 A/div Channel 2: VDDQ output voltage, AC−coupled, 10 mV/div Time base: 1.0 ms/div Figure 16. S3 Mode without 12VATX, 0A – 2A – 0A http://onsemi.com 10 NCP5209 DETAILED OPERATION DESCRIPTIONS General diagram is shown in Figure 18. Table 1 summarizes the operating states of all regulators and the conditions of output pins. The NCP5209 4−In−1 PWM Buck and Tri−Linear DDR Power Controller contains a high efficiency PWM controller, an integrated two−quadrant linear regulator and two linear regulator controllers. The VDDQ supply is generated by a PWM controller driving two external N−Ch FETs. The VTT termination voltage is tracked by an integrated linear regulator with sourcing and sinking current capability which tracks at 1/2 VDDQ. The dual linear controllers driving two external N−Ch FETs can either be cascaded to create the MCH core voltage or work independently to produced two regulated output voltages. All regulator outputs are adjustable. The inclusion of soft−start, supply undervoltage monitors, overcurrent protection and thermal shutdown, makes this device a complete power solution for the MCH and DDR memory system. This device is housed in thermal enhanced space−saving QFN−20 package. Internal Bandgap Voltage Reference An internal bandgap reference is generated whenever 5VDUAL exceeds 2.7 V. Once this bandgap reference is in regulation, an internal signal _VREFGD is asserted to wake up the ACPI logic. S5−To−S0 Mode Power Up Sequence The ACPI control logic is enabled by the assertion of VREFGD. Once the ACPI control is activated, the power−up sequence starts by waking up the 5VDUAL voltage monitor block and reference current generator first. If the 5VDUAL is within the preset level, the BOOT and OCDDQ undervoltage monitor blocks are enabled to detect the presence of 12VATX and 5VATX supplies. When the three supplies are in regulation and BUFCUT is LOW the device enters S0 mode by activating the soft−start of DDQ switching regulator. Once the DDQ regulator is in regulation and the soft−start interval is completed, the _INREGDDQ signal is asserted HIGH to enable the VTT regulator as well as the dual linear controllers. ACPI Control Logic The ACPI control logic powered by the 5VDUAL supply input. External control is applied to the high impedance CMOS input labeled BUF_CUT. This signal and three internal undervoltage detectors are used to determine the operating mode according to the state diagram in Figure 19. The 5VDUAL supply must be come up before the other supplies. The UVLOs monitor the motherboard supplies 5VDUAL, 12VATX and 5VATX through 5VDUAL, BOOT and OCDDQ pins respectively. Three control signals, _5VDUALGD, _BOOTGD and _OCDDQGD, are asserted when the supply voltages are in good condition. The device is powered up initially in the S5 shutdown mode to minimize the power consumption. When all three supplies are good with BUF_CUT is LOW, the device enters S0 normal operating mode. Transition of BUF_CUT from LOW to HIGH in S0 mode triggers the device into S3 sleep mode. In S3 mode, external 12VATX and 5VATX supplies collapse and only DDQ regulator is working. Both BOOT_UVLO and 5VATX_UVLO work specially. Two control signals, _BOOTGD and _OCDDQGD go low and the IC remains in the S3 mode. During S3 mode, the transition of BUF_CUT from HIGH to LOW triggers the device back to S0 mode providing 12VATX and 5VATX are good. The IC can re−enter S5 mode from S0 mode by removing one of the supplies. Transitions from S3 to S5 or vice versa are not allowed. A timing DDQ Switching Regulator The DDQ regulator in S0 mode is a synchronous buck controller that drives two external power N−Ch FETs to supply up to 20 A. It employs the voltage mode fixed frequency PWM control scheme with external compensation switching at 250 kHz 13.2%. As shown in Figure 2, the VDDQ output voltage is divided down and fed back to the inverting input of an amplifier through FBDDQ pin to close the loop at VDDQ = VFBQ × (1 + R1/R2). This amplifier compares the feedback voltage with an internal reference voltage VREF1 (= 1.190 V) to generate an error signal for the PWM comparator. This error signal is further compared with a fixed frequency RAMP waveform to generate a PWM signal. This PWM signal drives the external N−Ch FETs via the TG_DDQ and BG_DDQ pins. External inductor L and capacitor COUT1 filter the output voltage. When the NCP5209 leaves S5 mode, the VDDQ output voltage ramps up at a rate controlled by the capacitor at SS pin. When the regulation of VDDQ is regulating in S0 mode, a signal _INREGDDQ goes HIGH. In S3 standby mode, the switching frequency is doubled to reduce the conduction loss in the external N−Ch FETs. Table 1. Mode, Operation and Output Pin Condition Operating Conditions S0 S3 S5 DDQ Normal Standby OFF VTT Normal H−Z H−Z Output Pin Conditions Dual Linear Normal H−Z H−Z TGDDQ Normal Standby Low http://onsemi.com 11 BGDDQ Normal Standby Low DRV_2P4 Normal Low Low DRV_1P5 Normal Low Low NCP5209 Tolerance of VDDQ Dual Linear Regulator Controllers Both the tolerance of VFBDDQ and the ratio of external resistor divider R1/R2 impact the precision of VDDQ. With the control loop in regulation, VDDQ = VFBQ × (1 + R1/R2). With a worst case (for all valid operating conditions) VFBDDQ tolerance of 1.5%, a worst case range of 2% for VDDQ can be assured if the ratio R1/R2 is specified as 1.100 1%. The dual linear regulators are formed by two high−gain controllers driving external N−Ch FETs. They are activated after the DDQ regulator is in regulation in S0 mode. The output voltage of each regulator is fed back through an external resistor divider. The feedback voltage is compared to an internal reference voltage VREF2 (= 0.800 V) to achieve voltage regulation. Both linear regulators use a common soft−start ramping voltage set to 1.5 ms. Once they are activated, hiccup mode is employed during the soft−start period to protect them against short circuit or power failure conditions. In the soft−start interval, the feedback voltages of both regulators are compared with the soft−start ramping voltage. If either one of feedback voltages is 100 mV below the SS ramping voltage, a short circuit or power failure condition is detected, causing both regulators to be reset and initiate the soft−start sequence again, as depicted in Figure 17. This hiccup mode feature is disabled once after both outputs are in regulation. Fault Protection of VDDQ Regulator In S0 mode, an external resistor (RL1) connecting the 5VATX supply to the OCDDQ pin sets the current limit for the high−side switch. An internal 40 A current sink at the OCDDQ pin establishes a voltage drop across this resistor. The inductor node voltage is sensed at the SWDDQ pin through a protective resistor (RSWDDQ). The voltage at OCDDQ pin is compared to the voltage at SWDDQ pin when the high−side FET is turned on after a fixed period of blanking time thus avoiding false current limit triggering. If the voltage at SW_DDQ is lower than that at OCDDQ, an overcurrent condition occurs, during which, all regulators are latched off to protect against overcurrent. The IC can be powered up again only if any one of supply voltages (5VDUAL, 12VATX or 5VATX) is recycled or the SS−pin is discharged to ground externally. Since the OCDDQ pin is also used for detecting 5VATX power supply, the upper threshold of the 5VATX UVLO is set to 1.25 V. Therefore, RL1 must be selected in such a way that the voltage at the OCDDQ pin must be higher than this threshold to avoid false triggering of UVLO. In S3 mode, this overcurrent protection feature is disabled. 3.3VATX _INREGDDQ DRV_1P5 V1P5 Feedback Compensation of VDDQ Regulator The compensation network is shown in Figure 2. V1P5 Loading VTT Active Terminator The VTT active terminator is a two quadrant linear regulator with two internal N−Ch FETs to provide current sink and source capability up to 2.0 A. It is activated only when the VDDQ regulator is in regulation in S0 mode. It draws power from VDDQ with the internal gate drive power derived from 5VDUAL. While the VTT output is directly connected to the FBVTT pin, the VTT voltage is designed to automatically track at the half of the DDQ_REF voltage. This VTT voltage can be adjusted by using an external resistor divider in the feedback loop. This regulator is stable with any value of output capacitor greater than 470 F, and is insensitive to ESR ranging from 1.0 m to 400 m. Figure 17. Hiccup Mode Soft−Start of Dual Linear Regulators These two linear regulators can be cascaded to generate the 1.5 V MCH core voltage with 2.4 V as the intermediate voltage. By using 3.3 VATX as the power supply of external N−Ch FETs, up to 7.0 A can be delivered. If only one linear regulator is used, it is recommended to pull the feedback pin of the unused regulator to 5VDUAL to reduce the internal power consumption as well as to avoid soft−start issue. Fault Protection of VTT Active Terminator To provide protection for the internal FETs, a bidirectional current limit set to 2.4 A is implemented. The VTT current limit provides a soft−start function during startup. http://onsemi.com 12 NCP5209 Fault Protection of Dual Linear Regulator Thermal Consideration Internal soft−start is built−in to limit the in−rush current. Assuming an ambient temperature of 50C, the maximum allowed dissipated power of the QFN−20 package is 2.8 W, which is enough to handle the internal power dissipation in S0 mode. To take full advantage of the thermal capability of this package, the exposed pad underneath must be soldered directly onto a PCB metal substrate to allow good thermal contact. BOOT Pin Supply Voltage In a typical application, a flying capacitor is connected between the inductor LX node and the BOOT pin. In S0 mode, the 12VATX supply is tied to the BOOT pin through a Schottky diode. A 13 V Zener diode must be put as close to the BOOT pin as possible to clamp the boot strapping voltage produced by the flying capacitor. In S3 mode the 12VATX supply is collapsed. The BOOT voltage is created by the Schottky diode between 5VDUAL and BOOT pins and the flying capacitor. The BOOT_UVLO works in the special case. The _BOOTGD goes low and the IC remains in S3 mode. Thermal Shutdown When the junction temperature of the IC exceeds 145C, the entire IC is shutdown. When the junction temperature drops below 120C, the chip resumes normal operation. http://onsemi.com 13 NCP5209 POWER UP AND POWER DOWN TIMING 5VSTBY or 5VDUAL 12 V 5V BUF_CUT Switching Frequency Doubles DDQ−S0 VTT Dual Lin State 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 S0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 11 12 13 14 S3 15 S0 16 17 18 S5 5VSTBY or 5VSTB is ultimate chip enable. This supply has to be up first to ensure gates are in known state. 12 and 5.0 V supplies can ramp in either order. DDQ ramps up with timing set by the SS pin. MCH and VTT both ramp once DDQ SS is completed and DDQ is within 90% of regulated value. S0 mode. Prepare S3 Mode −− BUF_CUT goes HIGH. VTT and MCH turn off. 12 V and 5.0 V ramp down. Standard S3 mode. 12 V and 5.0 V ramp back to regulation. BUF_CUT goes LOW. DDQ switches back to 250 kHz. MCH and VTT ramp up again. S0 mode. Prepare S5 mode −− 12VUVLO = H OR 5VUVLO = H. DDQ, VTT and MCH turn off. S5 mode. Figure 18. Timing Diagram http://onsemi.com 14 NCP5209 S5 BUF_CUT = 0 AND _BOOTGD = 1 AND _OCDDQGD = 1 BUF_CUT = 0 AND (_BOOTGD = 0 OR _OCDDQGD = 0) S0 BUF_CUT = 1 BUF_CUT = 0 AND _BOOTGD = 1 AND _OCDDQGD = 1 S3 Note: 5VDUAL is assumed to be in good condition in any mode. All possible state transitions are shown. All unspecified inputs do not cause any state change. Figure 19. State Transitions Diagram of NCP5209 http://onsemi.com 15 12VATX 5VDUAL L1 1 H TP1 R6 8 C9 100 nF R5 2.2 k VDDQ +C11 4.7 F C8 10 nF C10 R7 6.8 nF 20 k 2 3 5 VDDQ D1 BAT54HT1 D2 BAT54HT1 6 7 COMP_DDQ SW_DDQ FBDDQ BG_DDQ SS TG_DDQ PGND BOOT VTT 5VDUAL VDDQ OCDDQ AGND SGND 8 FBVTT VDDQ 9 DDQREF C20 10 470 F FB1P5 20 R2 4.7 19 18 17 4 Q1 40N03R DPAK 1 3 R3 15 OCDDQ 14 BUF_CUT BUF_CUT 13 DRV_2P4 12 FB2P4 11 C21 DRV_1P5 100 F 1k R4 DPAK 4.7 1 TP3 VDDQ C6 4.7 F 4 Q2 40N03R AGND to PGND 3 2.5 VDDQ +C7 2200 F +C3 2200 F TP4 4 C12 4.7 F +C13 470 F L2 1.8 H 16 5VDUAL VTT 1.25 VTT C4 22 nF +C5 470 F ZENER MMSZ13T1 Q4 40N03R 1 R15 50 3.3 V C15 2200 F 3 TP7 R10 Vref = 800 mV +C2 470 F 33 k R1 51 k 2.4 V 4 1 Q5 40N03R C16 4.7 F +C17 470 F 3 Vref = 800 mV TP6 5ATX R9 TP8 R11 13 k OCDDQ 51 k R12 16 k SGND R13 16 k C18 4.7 F +C19 2200 F +C6 2200 F 1.5 VMCH TP9 SGND GND AGND to PGND SGND Figure 20. NCP5209 Typical Application Circuit NCP5209 16 http://onsemi.com SGND TP5 4 C14 33 nF SGND +C1 3300 F U1 1 + TP2 NCP5209 Vref = 1.20 V R8 2k Filtered 5VDUAL 5VDUAL NCP5209 Application Circuit Switcher Power MOSFET Selection Figure 20 shows the typical application circuit for NCP5209. NCP5209 is specifically designed as a total power solution for the MCH and DDR memory system. This diagram contains NCP5209 for driving two external N−Ch FETs to form the DDR memory supply voltage (VDDQ) and two external N−Ch FETs to form the MCH regulator. Power MOSFETs are chosen by balancing the cost with the requirements for the current load of the memory system and the efficiency of the converter provided. The selections criteria can be based on drain−source voltage, drain current, on−resistance RDS(on) and input gate capacitance. Low RDS(on) and high drain current power MOSFETs are usually preferred to achieve the high current requirement of the DDR memory system, as well as the high efficiency of the converter. The tradeoff is a corresponding increase in the input gate capacitor of the power MOSFET. Output Inductor Selection The value of the output inductor is chosen by balancing ripple current with transient response capability. A value of 1.7 H will yield about 3.0 A peak−to−peak ripple current when converting from 5.0 V to 2.5 V at 250 KHz. It is important that the rated inductor current is not exceeded during full load, and that the saturation current is not less than the expected peak current. Low ESR inductors may be required to minimize DC losses and temperature rise. PCB Layout Considerations With careful PCB layout the NCP5209 can supply 20 A or more of current. It is very important to use wide traces or large copper shapes to carry current from the input node through the MOSFET switches, inductor and the output filters and load. Reducing the length of high current nodes will reduce losses and reduce parasitic inductance. It is usually best to locate the input capacitors the MOSFET switches and the output inductor in close proximity to reduce DC losses, parasitic inductance losses and radiated EMI. The sensitive voltage feedback and compensation networks should be placed near the NCP5209 and away from the switch nodes and other noisy circuit elements. Placing compensation components near each other will minimize the loop area and further reduce noise susceptibility. Input Capacitor Selection Input capacitors for PWM power supplies are required to provide a stable, low impedance source node for the buck regulator to convert from. The usual practice is to use a combination of electrolytic capacitors and multi−layer ceramic capacitors to provide bulk capacitance and high frequency noise suppression. It is important that the capacitors are rated to handle the AC ripple current at the input of the buck regulators, as well as the input voltage. Output Capacitor Selection Output capacitors are chosen by balancing the cost with the requirements for low output ripple voltage and transient voltage. Low ESR electrolytic capacitors can be effective at reducing ripple voltage at 250 KHz. Low ESR ceramic capacitors are most effective at reducing output voltage excursions caused by fast load steps of system memory and the memory controller. 12VATX TP2 Optional Boost Voltage Configuration The charge pump circuit in Figure 21 can be used instead of boost voltage scheme of Figure 20. The advantage in Figure 21 is the elimination of the requirement for the Zener clamp. The tradeoff is slightly less boost voltage and a corresponding increase in MOSFET conduction losses. 5VDUAL TP2 D2 BAT54HT1 D1 C27 100 nF NCP5209 SW_DDQ 20 BG_DDQ 19 TG_DDQ 18 BOOT 17 5VDUAL 16 15 OCDDQ BUF_CUT 14 DRV_2P4 13 12 FB2P4 11 D1 BAT54HT1 BAT54HT1 5VDUAL 4 R2 4.7 1 Q2 3 NTD40N03 L R3 1k R4 4.7 C4 2.2 nF TP5 VDDQ 1 4 DPAK Q2 NTD40N03 3 C6 4.7 F DRV_1P5 Figure 21. Charge Pump Circuit at Boot Pin http://onsemi.com 17 + C7 2200 F + C25 2200 F R15 2.5 VDDQ 50 NCP5209 Table 2. Bill of Material of NCP5209 Application Circuit Ref Design Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 D1, D2 U1 Zener Description Value Qty Part # Manufacturer Power MOSFET N−Channel 25 V, 12.6 m, 40 A 4 NTD40N03R ON Semiconductor Rectifier Schottky Diode 30 V 2 BAT54HT1 ON Semiconductor Controller 4−In−1 PWM Buck & Tri−Linear Power Controller 1 NCP5209 ON Semiconductor Zener Diode 13 V, 0.5 W 1 MMSZ13T1 ON Semiconductor L1 Toroidal Choke 1.0 H, 25 A 1 T60−26(6T) − L2 Toroidal Choke 1.8 H, 25 A 1 T50−26B(6T) − C1 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor 3300 F, 6.3 V 1 EEUFJ0J332U Panasonic C5 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor 470 F, 35 V 1 EEUFC1V471 Panasonic C21 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor 100 F, 50 V 1 EEUFC1H101 Panasonic C15 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor 2200 F, 10 V 1 EEUFC1A222L Panasonic C17, C20 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor 470 F, 16 V 2 EEUFC1C471 Panasonic C13, C2 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor 470 F, 10 V 2 EEUFC1A471 Panasonic C7, C3, C19, C6 Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor 2200 F, 6.3 V 4 EEUFC0J222SL Panasonic C11, C6, C16, C18, C12 Ceramic Capacitor 4.7 F, 6.3 V 5 ECJHVB0J475M Panasonic C4 Ceramic Capacitor 22 nF, 25 V 1 ECJ1VB1E223K Panasonic C10 Ceramic Capacitor 6.8 nF, 50 V 1 ECJ1VB1H682K Panasonic C9 Ceramic Capacitor 100 nF, 16 V 1 ECJ1VB1C104K Panasonic C8 Ceramic Capacitor 10 nF, 50 V 1 ECJ1VB1H103K Panasonic C14 Ceramic Capacitor 33 nF, 25 V 1 ECJ1VB1E333K Panasonic R2, R4 Resistor 4.7 2 − − R3 Resistor 1.0 k 1 − − R7 Resistor 20 k 1 − − R6 Resistor 8.2 1 − − R8 Resistor 2.0 k 1 − − R5 Resistor 2.2 k 1 − − R10 Resistor 33 k 1 − − R13, R12 Resistor 16 k 2 − − R11 Resistor 13 k 1 − − R15 Resistor 50 1 − − R1, R9 Resistor 51 k 2 − − http://onsemi.com 18 NCP5209 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS QFN−20, DUAL−SIDED, 6x5 mm MN SUFFIX CASE 505AB−01 ISSUE O A D NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. 2. DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS. 3. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO PLATED TERMINALS AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.25 AND 0.30 MM FROM TERMINAL 4. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED PAD AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS. B PIN 1 LOCATION E 2X 0.15 C DIM A A1 A2 A3 b D D2 E E2 e K L 2X 0.15 C 0.10 C A2 A 0.08 C A1 (A3) C SEATING PLANE D2 20 X L 20 X e 1 10 E2 K 20 11 20 X b 0.10 C A B 0.05 C NOTE 3 http://onsemi.com 19 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 0.80 1.00 0.00 0.05 0.65 0.75 0.20 REF 0.23 0.28 6.00 BSC 3.98 4.28 5.00 BSC 2.98 3.28 0.50 BSC 0.20 −−− 0.50 0.60 NCP5209 ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. 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