CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision Expansion Board Kit (EBK) Guide.pdf

CY8CKIT-035
PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision
Expansion Board Kit (EBK) Guide
Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
Cypress Semiconductor
198 Champion Court
San Jose, CA 95134-1709
Phone (USA): 800.858.1810
Phone (Intnl): 408.943.2600
http://www.cypress.com
Copyrights
Copyrights
© Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, 2015. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Cypress
Semiconductor Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Cypress
product. Nor does it convey or imply any license under patent or other rights. Cypress products are not warranted nor
intended to be used for medical, life support, life saving, critical control or safety applications, unless pursuant to an express
written agreement with Cypress. Furthermore, Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in lifesupport systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The
inclusion of Cypress products in life-support systems application implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use
and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges.
Any Source Code (software and/or firmware) is owned by Cypress Semiconductor Corporation (Cypress) and is protected by
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provisions. Cypress hereby grants to licensee a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable license to copy, use, modify, create
derivative works of, and compile the Cypress Source Code and derivative works for the sole purpose of creating custom software and or firmware in support of licensee product to be used only in conjunction with a Cypress integrated circuit as specified in the applicable agreement. Any reproduction, modification, translation, compilation, or representation of this Source
Code except as specified above is prohibited without the express written permission of Cypress.
Disclaimer: CYPRESS MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Cypress reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the materials described
herein. Cypress does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein.
Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in life-support systems where a malfunction or failure
may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress’ product in a life-support systems application implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all
charges.
Use may be limited by and subject to the applicable Cypress software license agreement.
PSoC Creator™ is a trademark and PSoC® and CapSense® are registered trademarks of Cypress Semiconductor Corp. All
other trademarks or registered trademarks referenced herein are property of the respective corporations.
Flash Code Protection
Cypress products meet the specifications contained in their particular Cypress PSoC Datasheets. Cypress believes that its
family of PSoC products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, regardless of how they are used.
There may be methods, unknown to Cypress, that can breach the code protection features. Any of these methods, to our
knowledge, would be dishonest and possibly illegal. Neither Cypress nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as ‘unbreakable’.
Cypress is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. Code protection is constantly
evolving. We at Cypress are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products.
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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Contents
1. Introduction
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Features.......................................................................................................................5
Kit Contents .................................................................................................................6
PSoC Creator ..............................................................................................................7
Additional Learning Resources....................................................................................7
2. Software Installation
2.1
2.2
2.3
3.3
5.2
23
PSoC 4+1 Power Supervision Solution .....................................................................23
Layout and Components............................................................................................24
Headers and Jumpers ...............................................................................................25
2x20 Pin Interface Header .........................................................................................26
5. Example Projects
5.1
11
Kit Overview...............................................................................................................11
Kit Connections..........................................................................................................12
3.2.1 PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001) ...............................................................................12
3.2.2 PSoC 3 (CY8CKIT-030) Kit ............................................................................13
3.2.3 PSoC 5LP (CY8CKIT-050) Kit........................................................................13
Example Projects.......................................................................................................14
3.3.1 Set Up the Example Projects on PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001) ...........................15
3.3.2 Set Up the Example Projects on PSoC 3 Kit (CY8CKIT-030) ........................18
3.3.3 Set Up the Example Projects on PSoC 5LP Kit (CY8CKIT-050)....................20
4. Kit Hardware
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
8
Install Kit Software .......................................................................................................8
Install Software ............................................................................................................9
Uninstall Kit Software.................................................................................................10
3. Kit Operation
3.1
3.2
5
27
Example Project 1: Advanced Sequencer .................................................................27
5.1.1 Overview ........................................................................................................27
5.1.2 Technical Details - Voltage Sequencing .........................................................27
5.1.3 Technical Details - UV/OV Monitoring using the Window Comparator...........32
5.1.4 Technical Details - Firmware Flowchart .........................................................34
Example Project 2: Power Supervision......................................................................35
5.2.1 Overview ........................................................................................................35
5.2.2 Technical Details - Voltage Sequencer and UV/OV Fault Detection ..............36
5.2.3 Technical Details - Voltage and Current Measurements ................................38
5.2.4 Technical Details - Regulator Trimming and Margining..................................42
5.2.5 Technical Details - PMBus Interface ..............................................................45
5.2.6 Technical Details - Firmware Flowchart .........................................................46
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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Contents
A. Appendix
A.1
A.2
A.3
48
Schematic ..................................................................................................................48
A.1.1 Primary 12-V Power Input ..............................................................................48
A.1.2 DVK Connector and Debug Test Points.........................................................49
A.1.3 Voltage Regulator V1 = 5 V ...........................................................................49
A.1.4 Voltage Regulator V2 = 3.3 V ........................................................................50
A.1.5 Voltage Regulator V3 = 2.5 V ........................................................................50
A.1.6 Voltage Regulator V4 = 1.8 V ........................................................................50
A.1.7 I2C/SMBus/PMBus Interface Connector........................................................50
Layout ........................................................................................................................51
A.2.1 Top Layer .......................................................................................................51
A.2.2 Ground Layer .................................................................................................51
A.2.3 Power Layer ...................................................................................................52
A.2.4 Bottom Layer..................................................................................................52
A.2.5 Top Silkscreen ...............................................................................................53
Bill of Materials ..........................................................................................................54
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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1.
Introduction
Power supervision plays a critical role in modern communication and industrial systems, such as
routers, switches, storage systems, servers, base stations, industrial automation equipment, and
medical imaging equipment. Power supervision is a combination of sequencing, monitoring, and
controlling of multiple power supply rails that are required for various components in these systems.
Power supervision solutions require:
■
Rapid fault detection in high-availability systems
■
Accurate and reliable power rail sequencing during power-on and power-off events
■
Voltage and current measurement to optimize power consumption and for data logging
■
Closed-loop control through trimming; margining of voltage rails in the system for development
and manufacturing test purposes
The CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision Expansion Board Kit (EBK) together
with the example projects demonstrate the system power supervision functions and capabilities of
PSoC 3 and PSoC 5LP devices. You can modify the example projects using Cypress's PSoC Creator™ software (included with this kit) and customize them for your own system power supervision
needs.
The Power Supervision EBK is designed to work with any of the three PSoC Development Kits
(DVKs) - PSoC 3 Kit (CY8CKIT-030), PSoC 5LP Kit (CY8CKIT-050), or PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001).
This document describes the use of the example projects on each of these kits.
For information on the PSoC 1 power supervision solution using this kit, refer to the PSoC 1 Power
Supervision Kit Guide located at www.cypress.com/go/CY8CKIT-015.
1.1
Features
The CY8CKIT-035 Power Supervision EBK provides a platform to develop power management and
supervision solutions with PSoC 3 and PSoC 5LP devices that include the following features:
■
Power supply sequencing
■
Power supply voltage and current measurement
■
Power supply voltage trimming and margining
■
Power supply over-voltage and under-voltage fault detection
■
I2C, SMBus, and PMBus host communications interface
Figure 1-1 shows a simplified block diagram of the fundamental components of the Power Supervision EBK. Not all hardware components are shown.
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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Introduction
Figure 1-1. Power Supervision EBK Block Diagram
To Development Kit
20x2-Pin Male Connector to the Development Kit
5-V Rail
LDO Regulator (Pgood Output,
Trim Inputs, Voltage, CSA-based
Current Measurement)
Potentiometer as Simulated Load
Power
12-V Power Rail
LDO Regulator (Pgood Output,
Trim Inputs, Voltage, CSA-based
Current Measurement)
2.5-V Rail
LDO Regulator (Pgood Output,
Trim Inputs, Voltage, CSA-based
Current Measurement)
Potentiometer as Simulated Load
1.2
12-V DC
Power Jack
3.3-V Rail
LDO Regulator (Pgood Output,
Trim Inputs, Voltage, CSA-based
Current Measurement)
Potentiometer as Simulated Load
1.8-V Rail
LDO Regulator (Pgood Output,
Trim Inputs, Voltage, CSA-based
Current Measurement)
Potentiometer as Simulated Load
Kit Contents
The Power Supervision EBK consists of:
■
Power Supervision expansion board
■
Quick start guide
■
Power DC adapter (12 V/2 A)
■
PSoC 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide (this document)
■
PSoC Creator and prerequisite software
■
PSoC Programmer™ and prerequisite software
■
PSoC Power Supervision Tool
■
Example projects for the PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001)
■
■
❐
Advanced sequencer
❐
Power supervision
Example projects for the PSoC 3 Kit (CY8CKIT-030)
❐
Advanced sequencer
❐
Power supervision
Example projects for the PSoC 5LP Kit (CY8CKIT-050)
❐
Advanced sequencer
❐
Power supervision
Note This kit can also be used to evaluate PSoC 1-based power supervision solution. See the
PSoC 1 Power Supervision EBK Guide located at www.cypress.com/go/CY8CKIT-015 for more
details.
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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Introduction
Figure 1-2. Power Supervision EBK Package Contents
Power Supervision Evaluation Board
Quick Start Guide
1.3
DC Power Adapter 12 V/2 A
PSoC Creator
Cypress's PSoC Creator software is an easy-to-use integrated development environment (IDE) that
introduces a hardware and software design environment based on classic schematic entry and revolutionary embedded design methodology.
With PSoC Creator, you can:
■
Draw a schematic of the hardware circuit you want to build inside PSoC; the tool will automatically place and route the components.
■
Eliminate external CPLDs or standard logic ICs by integrating state machines and simple glue
logic in your design.
■
Trade-off architecture decisions between hardware and software, allowing you to focus on what
matters in getting you to market faster.
PSoC Creator also enables you to tap into an entire tools ecosystem with integrated compiler tool
chains, RTOS solutions, and production programmers to support PSoC 3 and PSoC 5LP.
1.4
Additional Learning Resources
For more details on the kit, visit http://www.cypress.com/go/CY8CKIT-035.
For support, visit http://www.cypress.com/go/support or contact us on +1-800-541-4736 Ext. 2 (USA)
or +1-408-943-2600 Ext. 2 (International).
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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2.
2.1
Software Installation
Install Kit Software
Follow these steps to install the PSoC Power Supervision EBK software:
1. Download and install the PSoC Power Supervision EBK software from
www.cypress.com/go/CY8CKIT-035.
2. Select the folder to install the CY8CKIT-035 related files. Choose the directory and click Next.
Figure 2-1. Installation Folder
3. Select the installation type and click Next.
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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Software Installation
Figure 2-2. Installation Type Options
After the installation is complete, the kit contents are available at following location:
<Install_Directory>\CY8CKIT-035 EBK\<version>
Note: For Windows 7 users, the installed files and the folder are read-only. To change the property,
right-click the folder and select Properties > Attributes; disable the Read-only radio button. Click
Apply and OK to close the window.
2.2
Install Software
Before installing the PSoC Power Supervision EBK, uninstall any existing version first. When
installing the PSoC Power Supervision EBK, the installer checks if the required software is installed
in the system. If the required applications are not installed, then the installer prompts you to
download and install them.
The following software is required:
■
PSoC Creator 3.3 Component Pack 1 or later: Download the latest software from
www.cypress.com/go/Creator.
■
PSoC Programmer 3.23.1 or later: Download the latest software from www.cypress.com/go/
Programmer.
■
PSoC Power Supervision Tool 2.2 or later: Download the latest software from www.cypress.com/
go/CY8CKIT-035.
■
Code examples: After the kit installation is complete, the code examples are available in the kit
firmware folder. Download the CD ISO image or setup files from www.cypress.com/go/CY8CKIT035.
After installation is complete, the following are installed on your computer:
■
PSoC Creator
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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Software Installation
■
PSoC Programmer
■
PSoC Power Supervision Tool
■
PMBus User Guide
■
Kit documents
■
❐
Quick Start Guide
❐
User Guide
Firmware
❐
■
2.3
Example projects for PSoC Creator
Hardware
❐
Schematic
❐
Layout
❐
Bill of materials (BOM)
Uninstall Kit Software
The software can be uninstalled using one of the following methods:
■
Go to Start > Control Panel > Add or Remove Programs; select the appropriate software package and click the Remove button.
■
Go to Start > All Programs > Cypress > Cypress Update Manager > Cypress Update Manager; select the Uninstall button for the appropriate software package.
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3.
3.1
Kit Operation
Kit Overview
Figure 3-1 shows the CY8CKIT-035 Power Supervision Expansion Board. The board consists of a
12-V primary input power source and four secondary voltage rails. Each secondary rail consists of a
regulator with enable input, circuitry that enables PSoC to apply a DC control voltage to the regulator
feedback or adjust pin, as well as fixed and adjustable (potentiometer) load elements. Two jumpers
are provided for each rail to either disconnect all loads or disconnect only the adjustable load.
Figure 3-1. Power Supervision Expansion Board
I2C/SMBus/PMBus Port
5-Pin Header
V1 = 5 V Rail
Power Jack
(12V Power Rail)
V2 = 3.3 V Rail
(5 V to 3.3 V LDO)
2X20
Pin Header
V3 = 2.5 V Rail
(5 V to 2.5 V LDO)
V4 = 1.8 V
(5 V to 1.8 V LDO)
Potentiometer / Simulated Load
Note Voltage rail V1 provides power to the other three rails V2, V3, and V4. Therefore, disabling V1
will disable V2–V4.
The Power Supervision Expansion Board also provides an I2C/SMBus/PMBus connector. A 40-pin
(2×20) header J1 is provided to connect this board with the host PSoC on a development kit platform
such as the PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001), PSoC 3 Kit (CY8CKIT-030), or PSoC 5LP Kit (CY8CKIT-050).
The header carries voltage enables, regulator voltage, regulator load currents, and trim/margin control signals for each regulator on the Power Supervision Expansion Board. The I2C physical layer
signals (SDA/SCL) from PSoC are also routed across this header to enable connection to an external host or management processor that supports standard I2C, SMBus, or PMBus protocol interfaces. The Power Supervision EBK includes the Power Supervision Tool to work as the external
host.
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Kit Operation
3.2
Kit Connections
This section provides instructions to set up PSoC kits (CY8CKIT-001, CY8CKIT-030, or CY8CKIT050) for use with the Power Supervision EBK to evaluate the PSoC 3 and PSoC 5LP power
supervision solution.
3.2.1
PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001)
1. Set the system to run at 5 V using SW3; set J6 VDD ANLG and J7 VDD DIG to VDD = 5 V using
J6 and J7, as shown in Figure 3-2.
Figure 3-2. PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001) Power Jumpers
2. Set J2, J3, J4, and J5 to use VDD, as shown in Figure 3-3.
Figure 3-3. J2, J3, J4, and J5 Selected to VDD
3. Ensure that the LCD included with the PSoC Kit is attached and that the LCD power jumper (J12)
is in the ON position. All other jumpers should have the default settings.
Figure 3-4. PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001) LCD Power Jumper
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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Kit Operation
CAUTION Do not attach the Power Supervision EBK to the PSoC Kit until you have programmed the
PSoC with one of the example projects. The GPIOs routed to the Power Supervision EBK connect to
the power regulator circuits, which may be damaged if firmware previously programmed into PSoC
drives those pins. When PSoC has been programmed with the example project (as described in
Example Projects on page 27), attach the Power Supervision EBK to port A of the PSoC Kit.
3.2.2
PSoC 3 (CY8CKIT-030) Kit
1. Set VDDD and VDDA to 5.0 V using J10 and J11.
Figure 3-5. PSoC 3 Kit (CY8CKIT-030) Power Jumpers
CAUTION Do not attach the Power Supervision EBK to the PSoC 3 Kit until you have programmed
the PSoC with one of the example projects. The GPIOs routed to the Power Supervision EBK
connect to the power regulator circuits, which may be damaged if firmware previously programmed
into PSoC drives those pins. When PSoC has been programmed with the example project (as
described in Example Projects on page 27), attach the Power Supervision EBK to port E of the
PSoC 3 Kit.
3.2.3
PSoC 5LP (CY8CKIT-050) Kit
1. Set VDD and VDDA to 5.0 V using J10 and J11. All other jumpers should have the default settings.
Figure 3-6. PSoC 5LP Kit (CY8CKIT-50) Power Jumpers
2. Disconnect the SAR bypass jumpers J43 and J44. All other jumpers should have the default settings.
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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Kit Operation
Figure 3-7. PSoC 5LP Kit (CY8CKIT-50) SAR Bypass Jumpers
CAUTION: Do not attach the Power Supervision EBK to the PSoC 5LP Kit until you have
programmed the PSoC with one of the example projects. The GPIOs routed to the Power
Supervision EBK connect to the power regulator circuits, which may be damaged if firmware
previously programmed into PSoC drives those pins. When PSoC has been programmed with the
example project (as described in Example Projects on page 27), attach the Power Supervision EBK
to port E of the PSoC 5LP Kit.
3.3
Example Projects
The Power Supervision EBK includes two example projects, which demonstrate the PSoC 3 and
PSoC 5LP solution for power supervision:
■
Advanced Sequencer: This example demonstrates voltage sequencing and under-voltage (UV)
and over-voltage (OV) monitoring using the window comparator for rapid fault detection.
■
Power Supervision: This example demonstrates a more comprehensive power supervision solution with power supply trimming, voltage, and current measurements, which are capable of being
monitored and controlled over the PMBus interface.
The kit software installs these example projects in PSoC Creator, from where they can be accessed
as described here:
1. Go to Start Page in PSoC Creator.
2. In the Examples and Tutorials section, expand the Kits and Solutions entry, as shown in
Figure 3-8.
3. Expand the PSoC Power Supervision EBK entry. There are three project workspaces listed under
the entry, as shown in Figure 3-8.
a. CY8CKIT-001_Examples.cywrk workspace contains the two example projects designed to
work out of the box with PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001).
b. CY8CKIT-030_Examples.cywrk workspace contains the two example projects designed to
work out of the box with PSoC 3 Kit (CY8CKIT-030).
c. CY8CKIT-050_Examples.cywrk workspace contains the two example projects designed to
work out of the box with PSoC 5LP Kit (CY8CKIT-050).
4. The example projects can be copied to any location you specify on your hard drive and then
opened automatically.
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Kit Operation
Figure 3-8. PSoC Creator Start Page showing Kits and Solutions
5. The example projects are displayed in the Workspace Explorer window; Figure 3-9 shows the
window for the CY8CKIT-001_Examples workspace. To use one of the example projects, rightclick on it and select Set As Active Project. This will make the selected project as the active
one, which can then be programmed into the kit.
Figure 3-9. Workspace Explorer View
3.3.1
Set Up the Example Projects on PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001)
Set up the PSoC Kit according to PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001) on page 12.
1. If this is the first time that the example project firmware is being programmed into PSoC, make
sure that the Power Supervision EBK is not connected to the PSoC Kit.
2. Apply 12-V DC power to the PSoC Kit.
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Kit Operation
3. To use the example projects with PSoC 5LP, connect the PSoC 5LP Processor Module
(CY8CKIT-010) to the PSoC Kit. Connect the MiniProg3 first to a USB port on the PC and then to
the PROG port on the PSoC 5LP Processor Module.
To use the example projects with PSoC 3, connect the PSoC 3 Processor Module (CY8CKIT009) to the PSoC Kit. Connect the MiniProg3 first to a USB port on the PC and then to the PROG
port on the PSoC 3 Processor Module.
4. In PSoC Creator, select the desired example project from the CY8CKIT-001_Examples workspace and set it as the active project. See Figure 3-9.
5. In PSoC Creator, select Debug > Program to program PSoC 5LP.1
To use the example project with PSoC 3, right-click on the example project in the Workspace
Explorer and select Device Selector… In the Devices tab, search for CY8C3866AXI-040 and
click the OK button. Then select Debug > Program to program the PSoC 3. This will automatically recompile and rebuild the example project to work with PSoC 3.
6. Remove power from the PSoC Kit and attach the Power Supervision EBK to port A of the PSoC
Kit.
7. On the Power Supervision EBK, make sure the power jumper (J5) is set to DVK (position 2-3,
default setting). Populate jumpers J6, J7, J8, J9, J10, J11, J12, and J13.
8. Apply 12-V DC power to the PSoC Kit via J3.
9. With the Example Project 1 (Advanced Sequencer) set up properly, all four green LEDs on the
Power Supervision EBK should be turned on and the LCD should show the following.
Figure 3-10. Example 1 - LCD Display for Normal Operation
F a u l t
S t a t u s
U V : - - - OV : - - - -
The four digits indicate the rail failure status (UV or OV). A dash '–' indicates that the rail is within
the defined operating limits. If there is a failure on any rail, the corresponding rail number will be
displayed next to the UV or OV indicator.
10.With the Example Project 2 (Power Supervision) set up properly, all four green LEDs on the
Power Supervision EBK should be turned on and the LCD should show the voltage measurements in millivolts.
Figure 3-11. Example 2 - LCD Display with Voltage Measurements
1 mV
1 1 4 6 5
3 2 9 7
2 5 0 2
5 0 0 0
1 8 0 3
11. Connect the MiniProg3 to the white connector (J2) of CY8CKIT-035 and launch the PSoC Power
Supervision Tool (Start > All Programs > Cypress > PSoC Power Supervision Tool). The tool
should automatically connect to the MiniProg3; click the Read All button.
1. PSoC Creator will generate a few notes during the project build. These notes will not affect the functionality of the project. The notes are
generated due to the Voltage Fault Detector analog routing constraints.
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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Kit Operation
Figure 3-12. PSoC Power Supervision Tool
For more information on the example projects, see Example Projects on page 27.
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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Kit Operation
Figure 3-13. PSoC Kit (CY8CKIT-001) with Power Supervision EBK Connected to Port A
3.3.2
Set Up the Example Projects on PSoC 3 Kit (CY8CKIT-030)
Set up the PSoC 3 Kit according to instructions in PSoC 3 (CY8CKIT-030) Kit on page 13.
1. If this is the first time that the example project firmware is being programmed into PSoC, make
sure the Power Supervision EBK is not connected to the PSoC 3 Kit.
2. Attach a USB cable from the PC to the PSoC 3 Kit Program/Debug USB port (use J1 - the USB
connector closest to the corner of the board).
3. In PSoC Creator, select the desired example project from the CY8CKIT-030_Examples workspace and set it as active by right-clicking on it in the Workspace Explorer and selecting Set As
Active Project.
4. In PSoC Creator, select Debug > Program to program PSoC.2
5. Remove the USB cable from the PSoC 3 Kit and attach the Power Supervision EBK to port E of
the PSoC 3 Kit.
6. On the Power Supervision EBK, make sure the power jumper (J5) is set to EXT (position 1–2).
Note that this is not the default setting for the J5 jumper. Populate all other jumpers (J6, J7, J8,
J9, J10, J11, J12, and J13).
7. Apply 12-V DC power to the Power Supervision EBK.
8. With the Example Project 1 (Advanced Sequencer) set up properly, all four green LEDs on the
Power Supervision EBK should be turned on and the LCD should show the following.
2. PSoC Creator will generate a few notes during the project build. These notes will not affect the functionality of the project. The notes are
generated due to the Voltage Fault Detector analog routing constraints.
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
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Kit Operation
Figure 3-14. Example 1 - LCD Display for Normal Operation
F a u l t
S t a t u s
U V : - - - OV : - - - -
The four digits indicate the rail failure status (UV or OV). A dash '-' indicates that the rail is within
the defined operating limits. If there is a failure on any rail, the corresponding rail number will be
displayed next to the UV or OV indicator.
9. With the Example Project 2 (Power Supervision) set up properly, all four green LEDs on the
Power Supervision EBK should be turned on and the LCD should show the voltage measurements in millivolts.
Figure 3-15. Example 2 - LCD Display with Voltage Measurements
1 mV
1 1 4 6 5
3 2 9 7
2 5 0 2
5 0 0 0
1 8 0 3
10.Connect the MiniProg3 to the white connector (J2) of CY8CKIT-035 and launch the PSoC Power
Supervision Tool (Start > All Programs > Cypress > PSoC Power Supervision Tool). The tool
should automatically connect to the MiniProg3; click the Read All button.
Figure 3-16. PSoC Power Supervision Tool
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Figure 3-17. PSoC 3 Kit (CY8CKIT-030) with Power Supervision EBK Connected to Port E
3.3.3
Set Up the Example Projects on PSoC 5LP Kit (CY8CKIT-050)
Set up the PSoC 5LP Kit according to instructions in PSoC 5LP (CY8CKIT-050) Kit on page 13.
1. If this is the first time that the example project firmware is being programmed into PSoC, make
sure the Power Supervision EBK is not connected to the PSoC 5LP Kit.
2. Attach a USB cable from the PC to PSoC 5LP Kit Program/Debug USB port (use J1 - the USB
connector closest to the corner of the board).
3. In PSoC Creator, select the desired example project from the CY8CKIT-050_Examples workspace. Set the example project as active by right-clicking on it in the Workspace Explorer and
selecting Set as Active Project.
4. In PSoC Creator, select Debug > Program to program PSoC.3
5. Remove the USB cable from the PSoC 5LP Kit and attach the Power Supervision EBK to port E
of the PSoC 5LP Kit.
6. On the Power Supervision EBK board, make sure the power jumper (J5) is set to EXT (position 12). Note that this is not the default setting for the J5 jumper. Populate all other jumpers (J6, J7,
J8, J9, J10, J11, J12, and J13).
7. Apply 12-V DC power to the Power Supervision EBK.
8. With the Example Project 1 (Advanced Sequencer) set up properly, all four green LEDs on the
Power Supervision EBK should be turned on and the LCD should show the following.
3. PSoC Creator will generate a few notes during the project build. These notes will not affect the functionality of the project. The notes are
generated due to the Voltage Fault Detector analog routing constraints.
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Figure 3-18. Example 1 - LCD Display for Normal Operation
F a u l t
S t a t u s
U V : - - - OV : - - - -
The four digits indicate the rail failure status (UV or OV). A dash '-' indicates that the rail is within
the defined operating limits. If there is a failure on any rail, the corresponding rail number will be
displayed next to the UV or OV indicator.
9. With the Example Project 2 (Power Supervision) set up properly, all four green LEDs on the
Power Supervision EBK should be turned on and the LCD should show the voltage measurements in millivolts.
Figure 3-19. Example 2 - LCD Display with Voltage Measurements
1 mV
1 1 4 6 5
3 2 9 7
2 5 0 2
5 0 0 0
1 8 0 3
10.Connect the MiniProg3 to the white connector (J2) of CY8CKIT-035 and launch the PSoC Power
Supervision Tool (Start > All Programs > Cypress > PSoC Power Supervision Tool). The tool
should automatically connect to the MiniProg3; click the Read All button.
Figure 3-20. PSoC Power Supervision Tool
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Figure 3-21. PSoC 5LP Kit (CY8CKIT-050) with Power Supervision EBK Connected to Port E
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4.
4.1
Kit Hardware
PSoC 4+1 Power Supervision Solution
The Power Supervision EBK contains four DC voltage regulator circuits. This kit allows PSoC to control the power-up and power-down sequencing of the regulators. The regulators also have the passive components to enable PSoC to measure their output voltage and load currents using its built-in
analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The output voltage of the regulators are trimmed (or margined) by
PSoC. PSoC can detect under-voltage and over-voltage fault conditions using its internal window
comparator hardware. The Power Supervision EBK also provides an I2C/SMBus/PMBus compatible
header to support systems that require communication with a host controller. All of this is implemented on a single PSoC 3/PSoC 5LP.
The Power Supervision EBK routes the input and output signals for power management or power
supervision to a PSoC 3 or PSoC 5LP mounted on a development kit platform such as the CY8CKIT001 PSoC Kit, CY8CKIT-030 PSoC 3 Kit, or CY8CKIT-050 PSoC 5LP Kit. PSoC 3 or PSoC 5LP is
not mounted on the Power Supervision EBK.
Figure 4-1 shows a high-level overview of the 4+1 power supervision solution that can be implemented using the Power Supervision EBK. Up to four secondary regulators can be sequenced
through the logic-level enable outputs (labeled as EN[4:1]). The four secondary voltage rails along
with one primary input power rail (labeled as V[4:1]+VIN) can be multiplexed into a 12-bit, differential
delta-sigma ADC configured for a single-ended input range of 0 to 4096 mV at 27 ksps with a 0.1
percent accurate internal reference. For load current measurements across a series shunt resistor
(labeled as I[4:1]+IIN), the ADC configuration is dynamically changed to a differential input range of
±128 mV at 22.9 ksps (samples per second). A firmware interrupt service routine (ISR) running on
PSoC is responsible for taking the raw ADC readings and converting them to actual voltages (in mV)
and currents (in µA), performing simple IIR filtering and using this information to increase or
decrease the duty cycles of the pulse-width-modulated (PWM) outputs for regulator trimming and
margining. The trim/margin PWM outputs from PSoC (labeled as TR[4:1]) are filtered with a single
RC filter stage on the Power Supervision EBK and fed into the voltage feedback input of the regulators.
A single time-multiplexed window comparator is implemented in PSoC using two voltage digital-toanalog converters (DAC) (to set the under- and over-voltage limits for each rail), two comparators,
and a programmable glitch filter. This window comparator loops through each channel at 4 µs per
channel. Note that there are four dedicated comparator inputs (labeled C[4:1]), which can be multiplexed into a window comparator. It is also possible to use the V[4:1] inputs instead of the C[4:1]
inputs to connect to the window comparator.
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Figure 4-1. 4+1 Power Management Functional Diagram
PSoC 4+1 Power Supervision Solution
SCL/SDA
I2C
CPU
SEQUENCER
DMA
TRIM PWMs
EEPROM
GPIOs
I[4:1]+IIN
V[4:1]+VIN
C[4:1]
Mux
ADC
COMPARATORS/
GLITCH FILTERS
EN[4:1]
TR[4:1]
Note that the Power Supervision EBK hardware limits support up to a maximum of four secondary
regulator circuits. The PSoC 3 or PSoC 5LP power supervision solution can be easily extended to
support up to 16 secondary regulator circuits. Contact Cypress for further information on the full 17rail power supervision solution.
4.2
Layout and Components
Figure 4-2 and Figure 4-3 show pictures of the Power Supervision EBK, depicting the board layout
and indicating locations of the connectors and other key components.
Figure 4-2. Power Supervision EBK PCB (Top)
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Figure 4-3. Power Supervision EBK PCB (Bottom)
4.3
Headers and Jumpers
A number of headers and jumpers are provided on the Power Supervision EBK. Table 4-1 outlines
the function of each item and the default configuration.
Table 4-1. Power Supervision EBK Jumper Settings
PCB
Designator
Description
Factory Default
Configuration
J1
2×20 pin header to connect to the PSoC Kit
–
J2
5-pin header to connect an external host or management processor via I2C/
SMBus/PMBus
–
J3
Power jack
–
J4
2×20 pin header that replicates signals on J1 for easy connection to a logic
analyzer or oscilloscope
–
J5
3-pin header for primary input power source selection. Place the jumper in 1-2
position to source power from the DC power jack J3. Place the jumper in 2-3 2-3 position
position to source power from the PSoC platform kits
J6
2-pin header to connect all loads on V1 = 5-V rail (this includes the fixed and
adjustable loads on V1, as well as the load presented by the V2, V3, and V4
rails)
Installed
J7
2-pin header to connect the potentiometer load on V1 = 5-V rail
Installed
J8
2-pin header to connect all loads on V2 = 3.3-V rail (fixed and adjustable)
Installed
J9
2-pin header to connect the potentiometer load on V2 = 3.3-V rail
Installed
J10
2-pin header to connect all loads on V3 = 2.5-V rail (fixed and adjustable)
Installed
J11
2-pin header to connect the variable potentiometer on V3 = 2.5-V rail
Installed
J12
2-pin header to connect all loads on V4 = 1.8-V rail (fixed and adjustable)
Installed
J13
2-pin header to connect the variable potentiometer on V4 = 1.8-V rail
Installed
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4.4
2x20 Pin Interface Header
The following table outlines the definition of the 40-pin J1 header interface.
Table 4-2. 2×20 Header (J1) Pin Definition
Description
Signal
Pin
Pin
Signal
Description
Voltage Regulator 4, Enable
V4EN
1
2
V3EN
Voltage Regulator 3, Enable
Voltage Regulator 2, Enable
Voltage Regulator 1, Enable
V2EN
3
4
V1EN
–
NC
5
6
NC
–
Power Rail Current (measured as
single-ended voltage)
IIN
7
8
VIN
Power Rail Sensing Voltage
AGND
9
10
NC
–
Voltage Regulator 4, Fault Sensing
Voltage
C4
11
12
C3
Voltage Regulator 3, Fault
Sensing Voltage
Voltage Regulator 2, Fault Sensing
Voltage
C2
13
14
C1
Voltage Regulator 1, Fault
Sensing Voltage
Voltage Regulator 4, Trim
TR4
15
16
TR3
Voltage Regulator 3, Trim
Voltage Regulator 2, Trim
TR2
17
18
TR1
Voltage Regulator 1, Trim
AGND
19
20
NC
–
Voltage Regulator 4, Current (measured as differential voltage)
I4
21
22
V4
Voltage Regulator 4
Voltage Regulator 3, Current (measured as differential voltage)
I3
23
24
V3
Voltage Regulator 3
Voltage Regulator 2, Current (measured as differential voltage)
I2
25
26
V2
Voltage Regulator 2
Voltage Regulator 1 Current (measured as single-ended voltage)
I1
27
28
V1
Voltage Regulator 1
AGND
29
30
NC
–
NC
31
32
/ALERT
Alert Signal (I2C/SMBus/
PMBus)
Serial Data (I2C/SMBus/PMBus)
SDAT
33
34
SCL
Serial Clock (I2C/SMBus/
PMBus)
Unused
D3V3
35
36
VADJ
Unused
Digital Ground
DGND
37
38
D5V
Unused
Optional 12-V power from PSoC Kit/
PSoC 3 Kit/PSoC 5LP Kit
DVIN
39
40
DGND
Analog Ground
Analog Ground
Analog Ground
–
Digital Ground
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5.
Example Projects
5.1
Example Project 1: Advanced Sequencer
5.1.1
Overview
This example demonstrates the following features:
■
Voltage sequencing
■
Under-voltage (UV) and over-voltage (OV) monitoring using the window comparator for rapid
fault detection
If the project is running correctly, all four green LEDs on the Power Supervision EBK are turned on
and debug information appears on the LCD display, as shown in Figure 5-1.
Figure 5-1. Example 1 - LCD Display for Normal Operation
F a u l t
S t a t u s
U V : - - - OV : - - - -
The four digits indicate the rail failure status (UV or OV). A dash '–' indicates that the rail is within
defined operating limits (± 10 percent of nominal voltage). If there is a failure on any rail, the rail
number will be displayed next to the UV or OV indicator. For example, if you remove jumper J6, then
you will remove power to regulators 2 through 4. This causes a UV fault on rails 2 through 4 and the
display appears, as shown in Figure 5-2. Note that depending on when you remove the jumper, the
failure may not be detected on all three rails simultaneously. To verify correct operation of both UV
and OV fault detection on each rail, consider shorting the C1, C2, C3, and C4 pins in the J4
connector on the Power Supervision EBK to ground or to the 5-V rail output (TP4).
Figure 5-2. Example 1 - LCD Display with J6 Removed
F a u l t
S t a t u s
U V : - 2 3 4
OV : - - - -
Also, the Voltage Sequencer component is configured to shut down all rails on any fault condition, so
the four green LEDs on the Power Supervision EBK should turn off when jumper J6 is removed. The
Voltage Sequencer component is configured to automatically re-sequence all rails in response to a
fault. Note that if jumper J6 is not placed back, a timeout fault occurs on rail 2 (not repeated on LCD).
When the fault occurs, only the LED for rail 1 and rail 2 are ON. Due to this, you might observe a
flashing pattern for these two LEDs.
In the PSoC kit, when all rails are powered, an LED turns on. The LED turns off if any of the rails are
not powered due to a fault.
5.1.2
Technical Details - Voltage Sequencing
The Voltage Sequencer component enables designers to control both the power-up and power-down
sequence and timing of up to 32 secondary-side voltage supplies. It is designed to connect to
regulators that provide a digital power good (PGOOD) status output. In this example project, the
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regulators on the Power Supervision EBK are monitored using the under-voltage/over-voltage
window comparator logic inside PSoC with programmable thresholds on each rail. This generates
equivalent PGOOD signals internally that connect to the Voltage Sequencer component (see
Figure 5-3).
Figure 5-3. Advanced Sequencer Architecture
To see the configuration of the sequencer, double-click Voltage Sequencer in the Example 1 toplevel design schematic file. This opens the component customizer for the Voltage Sequencer. The
General tab is displayed by default (see Figure 5-4).
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Figure 5-4. Voltage Sequencer Customizer General Tab
For this example project, the key parameter setting is the number of converters. This should be set
to four to match the number of regulators on the Power Supervision EBK.
Click the Power Up tab to set up the power-up sequence for this example (see Figure 5-5).
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Figure 5-5. Voltage Sequencer Customizer Power Up Tab
The sequence order can controlled through the Converter pgood[x] pre-reqs parameter. When a bit
is set in this field, the rail cannot begin sequencing until the selected rails are powered up. For example, the entry for V2 is 0x01. This means rail 2 cannot begin sequencing until rail 1 is powered up.
Clicking that parameter pops up a dialog to convert the desired rail prerequisites to a hexadecimal
number. Because rails 2 through 4 derive their input power from the output of regulator 1 (this is a
hard-wired connection on the Power Supervision EBK), you must power up rail 1 first. Therefore, V1
can never have a pgood prerequisite when working with the Power Supervision EBK.
The TON DELAY parameter specifies the sequence timing. It is the delay that is executed from the
moment the prerequisite conditions for that rail (other rail pgoods in this case) are met until the rail is
enabled for the first time. All rails have this parameter set to 250 ms and rails 2 to 4 are configured to
wait for previous rails to power-up before they begin sequencing. This results in a 250-ms delay
between all four rail enables, as shown in the waveform graphic on this tab. You can reconfigure the
power-up sequence of the other three rails (V2 through V4).
The TON MAX parameter defines how long the Voltage Sequencer can wait after enabling a regulator before its pgood input is asserted. If pgood is asserted sooner than this time-out period, then the
rail is declared good. Otherwise, it is considered a fault condition.
Click the Power Down tab to set up the power-down sequence for this example (see Figure 5-6).
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Figure 5-6. Voltage Sequencer Customizer Power Down Tab
The Converter pgood[x] fault power down sources parameter specifies whether the regulator should
turn off in case of a fault on another rail. This is useful when multiple regulators power the same chip
or subsystem. The TOFF DELAY parameter sets the power-down timing for the system. Because all
parameters have been set to 25 ms, all rails will turn off at the same time. The chart in the lower part
of this tab displays the current sequencer configuration to confirm that the settings are entered correctly.
Finally, click the Re-sequence tab to configure automatic re-sequencing options. The three relevant
fault conditions applicable to this example are TON MAX, UV Fault, and OV Fault. It is possible to
specify different re-sequencing options depending on the fault type, but in this example the Voltage
Sequencer is configured to turn off the rail group immediately (ignoring the TOFF Delay parameter)
and it will attempt to re-sequence indefinitely in response to any fault condition (see Figure 5-7)
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Figure 5-7. Voltage Sequencer Customizer Re-sequence Tab
5.1.3
Technical Details - UV/OV Monitoring using the Window Comparator
To support over-voltage and under-voltage detection on the four secondary power supply rails, eight
comparators and eight programmable DACs are required. As the number of regulators in the
systems expands, the number of comparators and DACs required becomes excessive. To make
efficient use of analog hardware resources, an alternative implementation has been implemented as
illustrated in Figure 5-8.
A single window comparator and glitch filter are rapidly time-multiplexed across all the rails requiring
monitoring (see Figure 5-8). Note the use of DMA controllers to control the UV/OV DACs and the
glitch comparator circuits. The DMA controllers inside PSoC are extremely versatile and can transfer
between SRAM, peripherals, and nonvolatile flash memory in any combination. Because the window
comparator performs a time-critical fault detection function, it is desirable to have that block function
with zero interaction with the CPU. The DMA controllers make that happen.
Figure 5-8. Time Multiplexed Over/Under-Voltage Detection Hardware
DAC
8-bit
Glitch
filter
DMA
Hysteresis
DMA
Voltage Regulated
Inputs
AMux
DMA
Hysteresis
DAC
8-bit
Glitch
filter
Internally Generated
Power Good Signals
Time Multiplexed Window Comparator
and Glitch Filter
The time-multiplexing works according to this sequence:
1. The scaled regulator output for rail[n] (signal V[n]) is multiplexed into the window comparator
2. The UV and OV limits for rail[n] are copied from SRAM to the DAC using DMA
3. The previous glitch filter result for rail[n] is copied from SRAM to the glitch filter using DMA
4. A short delay is provided to allow the DACs and comparators time to settle
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5. The comparator OV and UV results are sampled by the glitch filters
6. The current glitch filter result for rail[n] is copied back to SRAM using DMA
7. Connection to rail[n] (signal V[n]) is removed
8. The next rail[n+1] (signal V[n+1]) is selected and steps 1 to 7 repeat for that rail
On the Power Supervision EBK, the four secondary regulator output voltages (signals C[4:1]) are all
normalized to about 1 volt using scaling resistors. This makes it possible to use the internal DAC's
fastest update rate of 1,000 ksps using the 1 volt range (the DAC's 4-V range update rate is 250
ksps). Scaling the input voltage gives the best possible performance. If higher speed is not required
for your application and all the secondary rails in your system are lower than 4 V (the maximum DAC
range), scaling of the regulator outputs can be eliminated.
To see the configuration of this component, double-click Voltage Fault Detector in the Example 1
top-level design schematic file. This opens the component customizer and the General tab is
displayed by default (see Figure 5-9).
Figure 5-9. Voltage Fault Detector Customizer General Tab
For this example project, the key parameter settings are the Number of voltages (4), and the
Compare type (OV and UV). Click the Voltages tab to set up the fault thresholds for this example
(see Figure 5-10).
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Figure 5-10. Voltage Fault Detector Voltages Tab
For each rail, the nominal voltage, under-voltage and over-voltage thresholds can be entered. The
Input scaling factor parameter enables you to enter the scaling used externally to attenuate the C[n]
inputs to below 1 V.
5.1.4
Technical Details - Firmware Flowchart
The Voltage Fault Detector component is entirely hardware driven after it is initialized. This frees the
CPU core completely for other application-specific user tasks. In the Example 1 project, the user
task is updating the LCD display.
The Voltage Sequencer component is firmware driven and is triggered by an interrupt every 250 µs
to service potential changes. Fault response handling has a separate interrupt handler to enable
timely response to fault conditions. The fault handler interrupt service routine (ISR) is primarily
responsible for turning off non-faulty rails in response to a faulty rail as defined by the Converter
pgood[x] fault power down sources parameter on the Power Down tab. Note that turning off a rail
that has a fault condition (its own pgood signal being de-asserted) is handled entirely in hardware to
get the fastest possible response time (~25 ns) for safety reasons.
The firmware flowchart for the Example 1 project is shown in Figure 5-11.
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Figure 5-11. Example 1 Firmware Flowchart
Reset
or Power On
Display LCD
Intro Message
Start Window
Comparator
Hardware Block
Start Voltage
Sequencer
Component
Check for Power
Supervision EBK
Connection
Handle
User Interface
5.2
Example Project 2: Power Supervision
5.2.1
Overview
This example builds on the Example 1 project and demonstrates a much more comprehensive
power supervision solution with the following features:
■
Power supply sequencing
■
Power supply voltage and current measurement accurate to 0.26 percent
■
Power supply trimming accurate to better than 0.6 percent
■
Power supply over-voltage and under-voltage fault detection using window comparators
■
PSoC Power Supervision Tool for monitoring voltage and current
The PSoC Power Supervision Tool is standalone GUI software that enables you to configure and
interact with Cypress Power Supervision Solutions over the PMBus interface. Besides monitoring
the voltage and current, it can also control the state of the rails.
If the project is running correctly, all four green LEDs on the Power Supervision EBK should be
turned on and voltage measurements appear on the LCD display, as shown in Figure 5-12.
Figure 5-12. Example 2 - LCD Display with Voltage Measurements
1 mV
1 1 4 6 5
3 2 9 7
2 5 0 2
5 0 0 0
1 8 0 3
The PSoC Power Supervision Tool should automatically find and connect to the MiniProg3. If it does
not (if more than one MiniProg3 are connected to your PC), select the appropriate MiniProg3 and
click Connect. The indicators should display ‘Connected’ and ‘Powered On’, and they should turn
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green. After the PSoC Power Supervision tool is connected, click Read All. The system-level
settings is loaded from the PSoC device in the System Config tab. This tab provides a snapshot of
the Power Supervision configuration programmed on PSoC – in this case, the Example Project 2 for
the CY8CKIT-035.
The System Config tab should appear as shown in Figure 5-13. V1 to V4 are the four secondary rails
associated with the power converters on the CY8CKIT-035, and V5 is the primary (+12 V) input
power rail.
Figure 5-13. PSoC Power Supervision Tool - System Config Tab
As you can see, functions such as sequencing, voltage and current measurement, over-voltage and
under-voltage fault detection, and trimming are enabled for converter rails V1 to V4. As the primary
input power rail, V5 cannot be sequenced or trimmed.
Voltage measurement type is set to single-ended for all rails. An external CSA is used for current
measurements on rails V1 and V5. Current is directly measured across a shunt resistor for rails V2
and V5. Rail V3 does not support current measurement.
5.2.2
Technical Details - Voltage Sequencer and UV/OV Fault Detection
The voltage sequencer and under-/over-voltage window comparator circuits are fundamentally
similar to that of Example 1. To change any parameter in the sequencing, click the Power Up
Sequence tab of the PSoC Power Supervision Tool. This tab enables you to specify how the voltage
sequencer should power up the rails.
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Figure 5-14. PSoC Power Supervision Tool - Power Up Sequence Tab
Note: Rail V5 is not sequenced because it is the primary rail.
The Converter pgood[x] pre-reqs parameter defines the prerequisites of each rail based on the
PGOOD input signal in the voltage sequencer. The PGOOD signal is only HIGH when the rail has
reached nominal voltage and is stable.
Every rail has two timing parameters associated with the powering up.
■
The TON DELAY parameter specifies how much time to wait after the rail's prerequisite conditions become true before enabling the power converter by asserting its EN signal.
■
The TON MAX parameter specifies the acceptable time limit for the power converter to ramp up
to nominal voltage after it is enabled. The ramp-up time is defined as the time between EN signal
being asserted and the PG signal to go active HIGH. If the ramp-up time exceeds the TON MAX
parameter, a fault occurs.
To change the sequencing down, click the Power Down Sequence tab of the Power Supervision
Tool. This tab enables you to specify how the Voltage Sequencer should power down the rails.
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Figure 5-15. PSoC Power Supervision Tool - Power Down Sequence Tab
The Converter pgood[x] fault power down sources allows you to specify which good rails belong
to the same group as the faulty rail and therefore, should also be powered down. In the example
project, if any rail is faulty, all rails will power down.
The Converter pgood[x] off pre-reqs allows you to define a power-down sequence. A converter
will not power down until all of the specified prerequisite converters have successfully powered
down. In the example project, there is no dependency among the rails when powering down.
The TOFF DELAY parameter specifies how much time to wait after a power down is initiated and
before the EN of the associated power converter is deasserted.
To change voltage threshold limits for fault detection, click the Warning and Fault Detection tab of
the Power Supervision Tool. This tab lets you specify the OV and UV warning/fault threshold limits.
5.2.3
Technical Details - Voltage and Current Measurements
In Example 2, voltage rail voltage and current measurements use the differential 12-bit Delta-Sigma
ADC with 0.1 percent internal accurate voltage reference, with automatic self-calibration resulting in
a system-level accuracy of 0.26 percent. Figure 5-16 shows the Power Monitor component in the
Top Design.
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Example Projects
Figure 5-16. Power Monitor Component
To measure voltages, the Delta-Sigma ADC is configured to use a ±2048-mV input range with a
2048-mV reference (generated by doubling the internal 1024-mV reference) on the inverting input
terminal, yielding an actual single-ended voltage measurement range of 0 to 4096 mV. This range is
used to measure the voltages of each of the regulator rails on the Power Supervision EBK. For rails
V2 = 3.3 V, V3 = 2.5 V, and V4 = 1.8 V, those voltages are compatible with the ADC setting and can
be directly connected to PSoC (V2, V3, and V4 in Figure 5-16). For V1 = 5 V and the primary 12-V
input, the voltages are scaled using external resistors to make them compatible with the ADC input
voltage range at the expense of some additional measurement inaccuracy caused by the tolerances
of the external resistors used (VIN and V1 in Figure 5-16).
Two different methods are used for current measurement, also depending on the voltage level of the
regulator output. For rails V2 = 3.3 V, V3 = 2.5 V, and V4 = 1.8 V, a high-side shunt resistor is placed
in series with the regulator output. The differential voltage developed across that resistor is directly
proportional to load current. To support that measurement, the ADC configuration is dynamically
changed to a ± 128-mV range. To minimize voltage loss and power dissipation, the resistance value
is chosen to be as low as possible and should have 0.1-percent tolerance to maintain overall system
measurement accuracy of 0.26 percent. For V1 = 5 V and the primary 12-V input, the current shunt
resistor method cannot be used directly. Attempting to scale both sides of the current shunt resistor
to a lower voltage range adds error to the measurement that is difficult to calibrate out. For those
rails, the Power Supervision EBK uses low-cost external current sense amplifiers (such as the Zetex
ZXCT1009 or Maxim 4080), that convert the differential voltage across the shunt resistor to a singleended voltage compatible with the ADC input voltage range.
To see the configuration of the Power Monitor component, double-click it in the Example 2 top-level
design schematic file. This opens the component customizer and the General tab is displayed by
default (see Figure 5-17).
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Example Projects
Figure 5-17. Power Monitor General Tab
For this example project, the key parameter settings are the number of converters (five including the
12-V primary input), the current sensing ADC range (±128 mV to be compatible with the Power
Supervision EBK), the voltage sensing ADC range (0–4.096 V to work with 5-V Vdd).
Click the Power Converter Voltages tab to set up voltage measurements for this example (see
Figure 5-18).
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Example Projects
Figure 5-18. Power Monitor Power Converter Voltages Tab
In this tab, you can set nominal voltages, voltage measurement type (Single Ended or Differential),
under-voltage and over-voltage warning, and fault thresholds as well as the input scaling factor,
similar to that same parameter for the Voltage Fault Detector component in Example 1. All of these
settings are selected to match the Power Supervision EBK.
Click the Power Converter Currents tab to set up current measurements for this example (see
Figure 5-19).
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Example Projects
Figure 5-19. Power Monitor Power Converter Currents Tab
In this tab, you can set the current measurement type (Current Sense Amplifier, Direct or None),
over-current warning and fault thresholds, as well as parameters related to the current sensing
hardware. The series shunt resistor value field cannot be left blank. Similarly, the CSA gain factor
must be specified when CSA current measurement type is selected for a rail. All of these settings are
selected to match the Power Supervision EBK.
ADC conversion time depends on several factors including the CPU clock frequency inside PSoC,
the resolution of the ADC and the time taken to switch inputs and change ADC configuration. At a
CPU clock frequency of 44 MHz (as used in Example 2), the time taken to execute those
fundamental tasks is outlined below:
■
Using the ±2048-mV range:
53 µs per reading
■
Changing to ±128-mV range: 320 µs
■
Using the ±128-mV range:
■
Changing to ±2048-mV range: 320 µs
70 µs per reading
You can also view the power monitoring settings by clicking the Voltage and Current Measurement
tab of the Power Supervision tool. None of these settings are editable when using the tool.
5.2.4
Technical Details - Regulator Trimming and Margining
Trimming (fine-tuning) of each regulator output is achieved by applying a controlled analog voltage
to the "feedback" (VFB) or "adjust" (VADJ) analog control pin on the regulators. Trimming the four
secondary power supply rails requires four additional DACs to the ones already being used for the
under-/over-voltage window comparator circuit. As the number of regulators in the systems expands,
the number of DACs required for trimming and margining becomes excessive. To make more
efficient use of analog hardware resources, an alternative implementation is developed based on
PWM blocks with external RC filter networks to achieve the equivalent result. Because PSoC can
measure the analog voltage of each rail, a closed loop control system can be implemented to fine-
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Example Projects
tune each regulator output beyond the accuracy specifications of the regulators themselves. This is
known as “active trimming”.
The circuit in Figure 5-20 shows the details of the trimming/margining circuit for V3 = 2.5-V rail. The
output scaling network of R46 and R51 are the recommended values provided by the regulator
manufacturer to ensure that the regulator can sense its own output voltage and regulate it as the
load varies. The TR3 pin is a PWM output signal from PSoC that gets filtered by R54/C15 and that
voltage is summed into the FB pin of the regulator through R50. If the PWM duty cycle controlled by
PSoC is reduced, the voltage applied to the Vadj will reduce and the regulator will respond by
increasing its output voltage. Conversely, if the PWM duty cycle is increased, the voltage applied to
the Vadj pin will increase and the regulator will respond by decreasing its output voltage. Typical
power supplies respond in this manner; for others that do not, this circuit both internal to PSoC and
external can be customized for the specific power supply chosen (for example: inverting the PWM
output such that a decrease in PWM duty cycle decreases the regulator output voltage).
Figure 5-20. Margin and Trim Circuit for the V3 = 2.5-V Rail
To see the configuration of the Trim Margin component, double-click it in the Example 2 top-level
design schematic file. This opens the component customizer and the Voltages tab is displayed by
default (see Figure 5-21).
For this example project, the key parameter settings are the number of converters, the trim/margin
range minimum voltage, and trim/margin range maximum voltage. These together specify the
maximum desired pull range from nominal output voltage for either trimming or margining.
Click the Hardware tab to configure the PWMs and external hardware components for this example.
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Example Projects
Figure 5-21. Trim Margin Voltages Tab
For this example project, the key parameter settings that are PSoC related are PWM resolution and
Voh of PWM output (specifies the output high voltage level of the trim/margin outputs). The nominal
Vadj voltage, R1, and R2 parameters together describe the external regulator circuit; the values
required will be available in the regulator manufacturer’s datasheet. The Trim Margin component
calculates optimal component values for R3, R4, and C1; you can also enter your own values for
these components. These settings have been selected to match the Power Supervision EBK.
Note that from Figure 5-20, R1 = R46, R2 = R51, R3 = R50, R4 = R54, C1 = C15.
Margining is similar to trimming, but is used for a different purpose. In that case, the rails are
intentionally set to their upper or lower limits to enable system designers to verify that their systems
work at both extremes of the voltage rail tolerances. For example, if a 5-V rail is used in the system
and specified to have an accuracy of ±5 percent, margining will set the rail to 5 V –5 percent to
enable system verification. Then, the rail can be margined to the high side of 5 V +5 percent and the
system verified again. This capability is provided by the Trim Margin component, by calling the
MarginLow and MarginHigh APIs. To change the trim/margining settings, click the Trim and Margin
tab of the Power Supervision Tool.
Figure 5-22. PSoC Power Supervision tool - Trim Margin Tab
Notice that the default voltage settings have been chosen to be between the OV/UV fault thresholds
in the Warning and Fault Detection tab. To force an OV and UV fault, set the Margin Low and
Margin High values to be 10 percent. Then, press the Write Changes button. Read the next section
to learn how to set the margins to high and low.
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Example Projects
5.2.5
Technical Details - PMBus Interface
The PMBus interface is used as the host interface and configured to support most of the features
available in the Power Supervision Tool. Cypress has defined some PMBus manufacturer-specific
commands. To see the full list of PMBus protocol and commands supported by this example project,
see the PMBus Guide, which is located at
<Install_Directory>\Cypress\PSoC Power Supervision Tool\Documentation.
The PMBus interface in the example project is configured to run at 100 kpbs and does not support
packet error checking (PEC).
Figure 5-23. PMBus Component
The nSMBALERT pin enables the PSoC to alert the PMBus host that a fault condition had occurred.
All interactions with this example project will be through PMBus commands. Many of the parameters
in the PSoC Power Supervision Tool are defined by the PMBus specification. The PSoC Power
Supervision Tool incorporates "Tooltips" to help you relate each parameter to the associated PMBus
command. Tooltips will pop up when you hover your cursor over a parameter name.
In the PSoC Power Supervision Tool, go to the PMBus Console tab to see the ADC post-processed
voltage (Vout) and current (Iout) measurements. The Status Vout and Status Iout parameters
indicate the standard STATUS_VOUT and STATUS_IOUT PMBus command codes for each of the
rails, which are shown in Figure 5-24. Click the Start Monitor button to begin reading voltages and
currents over PMBus in real time.
Figure 5-24. Power Supervision Tool - PMBus Console
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Example Projects
In the same tab, you can turn ON/OFF the rails and set margin HIGH/LOW. The following list shows
the behavior of each button:
■
On: This button turns ON all rails with their respective nominal voltages on the device
■
Soft: This button turns OFF all rails on the device with user defined TOFF Delay values and
pgood[x] off prerequisites
■
Immediate: This button turns OFF all rails on the device immediately after satisfying the pgood[x]
off prerequisites
■
Low: This button sets all rails to their respective Margin Low (V) values
■
High: This button sets all rails to their respective Margin High (V) values
The buttons in the table on the right are also used to control single rails with the same description
listed above.
Note that when powering off the 5-V rail, a UV fault may be observed in the 1.8-V, 2.5-V, or 3.3-V rail;
this is because the 5-V rail drives the power to these rails. Also, increasing the Margin High or
Margin Low thresholds to 10 percent may not cause an OV or UV fault in the configured rail when
margining high or low.
5.2.6
Technical Details - Firmware Flowchart
The vast majority of the firmware required for each functional block of the power supervision solution
is handled automatically by the provided component APIs and buried interrupt service routines. The
only user firmware required for Example 2 is shown in Figure 5-25. The flow is summarized as
follows:
1. Initialize hardware components
2. Periodically handle any pending PMBus transaction
3. Periodically check for warnings and faults
4. Periodically running the trim update (active trim) algorithm
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Example Projects
Figure 5-25. Example 2 Firmware Main Loop Flowchart
Reset
or Power On
Start the PMBus
Communication
Start PWM Trim
Circuits
Start ADC
Conversions
Start Window
Comparator
Hardware Block
Start Voltage
Sequencer
Component
Handle the PMBus
Transactions
Update Trim
PWM Duty Cycles
Check for
Warnings and
Faults
Main Loop
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A.
Appendix
A.1
Schematic
A.1.1
Primary 12-V Power Input
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A.1.2
DVK Connector and Debug Test Points
A.1.3
Voltage Regulator V1 = 5 V
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A.1.4
Voltage Regulator V2 = 3.3 V
A.1.5
Voltage Regulator V3 = 2.5 V
A.1.6
Voltage Regulator V4 = 1.8 V
A.1.7
I2C/SMBus/PMBus Interface Connector
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A.2
Layout
A.2.1
Top Layer
A.2.2
Ground Layer
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A.2.3
Power Layer
A.2.4
Bottom Layer
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A.2.5
Top Silkscreen
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A.3
Bill of Materials
Item Qty.
Value
Description
Designator
Manufacturer
Manufacturer Part#
1
3
0.1µF, 25V
CAP 0.1UF 25V CERAMIC X7R 0805 C1,C4,C9
Kemet
2
3
22µF, 25V
CAP CER 22UF 25V X5R 1206
Murata Electronics North
GRM31CR61E226KE15L
America
3
1
3.3nF, 50V
CAP CER 3300PF 50V 5% C0G 0805 C3
4
7
1.0µF, 25V
CAP CER 1.0UF 25V 10% X5R 0805
5
1
39pF, 50V
CAP CERM 39PF 5% 50V NP0 0805 C8
AVX Corporation
10nF, 50V
CAP CER 10000PF 50V 10% X7R
0805
C12,C15,C18
Murata Electronics North
GRM216R71H103KA01D
America
C2,C5,C6
C7,C10,C11,C13
C14,C16,C17
C0805C104K3RAC7210
Murata Electronics North
GRM2165C1H332JA01D
America
Murata Electronics North
GRM216R61E105KA12D
America
08055A390JAT2A
6
3
7
1
DIODE SCHOTTKY 2A 20V SMB
D1
Vishay/General SemiconSS22-E3/52T
ductor
8
4
LED GREEN CLEAR 0805 SMD
D2,D3,D4,D5
LITE-ON
LTST-C170GKT
9
1
CONN HEADER R/A DUAL 40POS
GOLD
J1
3M
961240-5604-AR
10
1
CONN HEADER 5POS .100 VERT
TIN
J2
Molex Inc
22-23-2051
11
1
CONN JACK POWER 2.1mm PCB
RA
J3
CUI
PJ-102A
12
1
BERGSTIK II .100" SR STRAIGHT
J5
FCI
68000-403HLF
13
8
CONN HEADER 2 POS .100 VERT
TIN
J6,J7,J8,J9,J10,
J11,J12,J13
Molex/Waldcom Electronics Corp
22-28-4020
14
1
COIL PWR CHOKE 22UH 2.2A SMD L1
Panasonic - ECG
ELL-ATV220M
15
2
RES 0.0 OHM 1/10W 5% 0805 SMD
R2,R8
Panasonic-ECG
ERJ-6GEY0R00V
16
3
51k
RES 51.0K OHM 1/8W 0.1% 0805
SMD
R3,R11,R13
Susumu
RG2012P-513-B-T5
17
1
22k
RES 20.0K OHM 1/8W 0.1% 0805
SMD
R4
Susumu
RG2012P-203-B-T5
Stackpole Electronics Inc RNCF0603BKC2R21
22µH, 2.2A
18
15
2.21
RES 2.21 OHM 1/16W 0.1% 0603
SMD
R5,R6,R7,R9,
R10,R15,R17,
R18,R19,R23,
R32,R33,
R35,R45,R56
19
1
1k
RES 1/10W 1K OHM 0.1% 0805
R12
Susumu
RG2012P-102-B-T5
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6ENF2001V
ERJ-6ENF4220V
20
4
2k
R14,R37,R48,
RES 2.00K OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 SMD
R59
21
1
422
RES 422 OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 SMD
R16
Panasonic - ECG
22
4
100
RES 100 OHM 2W 1% 2512 SMD
R20,R21,R22,
R24
Stackpole Electronics Inc RHC2512FT100R
23
1
121k
RES 121K OHM 1/10W 1% 0603
SMD
R25
Yageo
RC0603FR-07121KL
24
4
100
TRIMPOT 100 OHM 6MM SQ SMD
R26,R38,R52,
R63
Bourns Inc.
3361P-1-101GLF
25
4
330
RES 330 OHM 1/16W 5% 0402 SMD
R27,R39,R49,
R60
Yageo Corporation
RC0402JR-07330RL
26
1
22.1k
RES 22.1K OHM 1/10W 1% 0603
SMD
R28
Yageo
RC0603FR-0722K1L
27
5
100
RES 100 OHM .5W 1% 1206 SMD
R29,R44,R47,
R55,R66
Vishay/Dale
CRCW1206100RFKEAHP
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
54
Item Qty.
Value
Description
Designator
Manufacturer
Manufacturer Part#
28
4
100k
RES 100K OHM 1/8W 5% 0805 SMD
R30,R43,R54,
R65
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6GEYJ104V
29
1
20k
RES 20K OHM 1/8W 5% 0805 SMD
R31
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6GEYJ203V
30
1
33
RES 33 OHM 2W 1% 2512 SMD
R34
Stackpole Electronics Inc RHC2512FT33R0
31
1
634k
RES 634K OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 SMD R36
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6ENF6343V
32
3
1M
RES 1M OHM 1/10W 5% 0805 SMD
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6GEYJ105V
33
1
365k
RES 365K OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 SMD R41
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6ENF3653V
34
1
715
RES 715 OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 SMD
R42
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6ENF7150V
35
1
475k
RES 475K OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 SMD R46
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6ENF4753V
36
1
442k
RES 442K OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 SMD R51
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6ENF4423V
R40,R50,R61
37
1
1.07k
RES 1.07K OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 SMD R53
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6ENF1071V
38
1
340k
RES 340K OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 SMD R57
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6ENF3403V
39
1
51
RES 51.0 OHM 1/4W 1% 1206 SMD
Vishay/Dale
CRCW120651R0FKEA
40
1
698k
RES 698K OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 SMD R62
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6ENF6983V
41
1
1.87k
RES 1.87K OHM 1/8W 1% 0805 SMD R64
Panasonic - ECG
ERJ-6ENF1871V
TP1,TP3,TP4,
TP8,TP9,TP10
Keystone Electronics
5000
R58
42
6
TEST POINT 43 HOLE 65 PLATED
RED
43
4
TEST POINT 43 HOLE 65 PLATED
BLACK
TP2,TP5,TP6,
TP7
Keystone Electronics
5001
44
1
IC AMP CURRENT SENSE 8-SOIC
U2
Maxim Integrated Products
MAX4080TASA+
45
1
HIGH-SIDE CURRENT MONITOR
U3
Zetex
ZXCT1009FTA
46
1
IC CONV STP-DWN SYNC 2A
14HTSSOP
U4
Texas Instruments
TPS54226PWPR
47
3
IC REG LDO ADJ 200MA SOT-23-6
U5,U6,U7
Analog Devices Inc
ADP3331ARTZ-REEL7
48
4
See Assembly
BUMPER WHITE .500X.23 SQUARE
Drawing
Richco Plastics Co.
RBS-3R
49
9
SHUNT GOLD W/HANDLE, BLACK
Kobiconn
151-8030-E
No Load Components
1k
50
1
51
1
CONN HEADER VERT DUAL 40POS
J4
GOLD
3M
961240-6404-AR
52
1
HIGH-SIDE CURRENT MONITOR
U1
Zetex
ZXCT1009FTA
TEST VIA 40 HOLE 20 PLATED
TV1,TV2,TV3,
TV4
NONE
NA
53
4
RES 1K 1/10W OHM 0.1% 0805
R1
Stackpole Electronics Inc RNCF0805BTC1K00
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
55
Revision History
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision Expansion Board Kit (EBK) Guide Revision History
Document Title: CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision Expansion Board Kit (EBK) Guide
Document Number: 001-86225
Revision
**
ECN#
4556148
Issue Date
05/22/2015
Origin of
Change
RLOS
Description of Change
Initial version of the kit guide
Updated Software Installation chapter on page 8:
Updated “Install Software” on page 9:
Updated description.
Updated Example Projects chapter on page 27:
Updated “Example Project 1: Advanced Sequencer” on page 27:
Updated “Technical Details - UV/OV Monitoring using the Window Comparator” on
page 32:
*A
4952129
10/07/2015
RLOS
Updated description.
Updated Figure 5-8.
Updated Figure 5-9.
Updated Figure 5-10.
Updated “Example Project 2: Power Supervision” on page 35:
Updated “Technical Details - Regulator Trimming and Margining” on page 42:
Updated Figure 5-21.
Removed figure “Trim Margin Hardware Tab”.
Updated description.
Updated Software Installation chapter on page 8:
*B
5025927
11/24/2015
GRSK
Updated “Install Software” on page 9:
Updated description.
CY8CKIT-035 PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP Power Supervision EBK Guide, Doc. #: 001-86225 Rev. *B
56