HV9861A LED Driver with Average-Mode Constant Current Control Features Description • • • • • • HV9861A is a patented, average-mode, constant-current control, LED driver IC operating in a constant offtime mode. Unlike the HV9910B, this control IC does not produce a peak-to-average error, which therefore greatly improves the accuracy, line and load regulation of the LED current without any need for loop compensation or high-side current sensing. The output LED current accuracy is ±3%. Fast average current control Programmable constant off-time switching PWM / linear dimming input Output short circuit protection with skip mode Ambient operating temperature -40°C to +125°C Pin-compatible with the HV9910B and HV9961 Applications • • • • • • DC/DC or AC/DC LED driver applications LED back-light driver for LCD displays General purpose constant current source LED signage and displays Architectural and decorative LED lighting LED street lighting The IC is equipped with a current limit comparator for hiccup-mode output short circuit protection. Internal over-temperature protection is provided. The internally regulated voltage (VDD) for the HV9861A is 7.5V. The IC can be powered from a 15 - 450V supply. A PWM dimming input is provided that accepts an external control TTL-compatible signal. The output current can be programmed by an internal 270mV reference, or controlled externally through a 0 - 1.5V dimming input. HV9861A is pin-to-pin compatible with the HV9910B and HV9961, and can be used as a drop-in replacement for many applications to improve the LED current accuracy and regulation. 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005333A-page 1 HV9861A Package Types VIN 1 8 RT CS 2 7 LD VIN 1 16 NC NC 2 15 NC NC 3 14 RT CS 4 13 LD GND 5 6 VDD GND 3 5 PWMD GATE 4 12 VDD NC 6 11 NC NC 7 10 NC GATE 8 8-Lead SOIC 9 PWMD 16-Lead SOIC See Table 2-1 for pin information Typical Application Circuit 15VDC to 450VDC LED Load VIN PWMD GATE HV9861A VDD CS LD RT RT GND DS20005333A-page 2 RCS Sets LED Current 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. HV9861A 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VIN to GND...................................................... -0.5V to +470V VDD to GND.......................................................................12V LD, PWMD, GATE to GND................. ....-0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) CS, RT to GND .............................................. ....-0.3V to 5.0V Operating temperature ..................................-40°C to +125°C Storage temperature .....................................-65°C to +150°C Continuous power dissipation (TA = +25°C) 8-lead SOIC ...............................................650 mW 16-lead SOIC ...........................................1000 mW Note: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions, above those indicated in the operational listings of this specification, is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 1.1 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (SHEET 1 OF 2)1 TABLE 1-1: Symbol Parameter Note Min Typ Max Units Conditions Input VINDC Input DC supply voltage range2 3 15 - 450 V IINSD Shut-down mode supply current 3 - 0.5 1.1 mA Internally regulated voltage - 7.25 7.50 8.20 V 500pF at GATE; RT = 226kΩ Line regulation of VDD - - - 1 V VIN = 15 - 450V, 500pF at GATE; RT = 226kΩ - - - 100 mV IDD(ext) = 0 - 1mA, 500pF at GATE; RT = 226kΩ DC input voltage Pin PWMD to GND Internal Regulator VDD ∆VDD, line ∆VDD, load Load regulation of VDD UVLO VDD under-voltage lockout threshold 3 6.45 - - V VIN rising ∆UVLO VDD under-voltage lockout hysteresis - - 500 - mV VIN falling VDD voltage margin 3 500 - - mV ∆VDD(UV) = VDD - UVLO Maximum input current (limited by UVLO) 4 3.5 - - 4 1.5 - - PWMD input low voltage 3 - - 0.8 V VIN = 15 - 450V PWMD input high voltage 3 2.2 - - V VIN = 15 - 450V Internal pull-down current at PWMD - 8.5 - 13.5 μA VPWMD = 0.8V ∆VDD(UV) IIN,MAX mA VIN = 15V, TA = 25°C VIN = 15V, TA = 125°C PWM Dimming VEN(lo) VEN(hi) IEN 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005333A-page 3 HV9861A TABLE 1-1: Symbol ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) (SHEET 2 OF 2)1 Parameter Note Min Typ Max Units Conditions Current sense reference voltage - 262 - 280 mV AV(LD) LD-to-CS voltage ratio - 0.175 - 0.182 - AV • LD-to-CS voltage offset - -10 - 10 mV ∆VCS(TEMP) CS threshold temp regulation 4 - - 5 mV VLD(OFF) LD input voltage, shutdown - - 150 - mV VLD falling VLD rising Average Current Sense Logic VCS VLD(OFFSET) Offset = VCS - (AV(LD) • VLD); VLD = 1.2V ∆VLD(OFF) LD input voltage, enable - - 200 - mV TBLANK Current sense blanking interval 3 140 - 290 ns TON(min) Minimum on-time - - - 760 ns CS = VCS + 30mV Maximum steady-state duty cycle 3 80 - - % Reduction in output LED current may occur beyond this duty cycle DMAX Short Circuit Protection VCS Hiccup threshold voltage 3 410 - 510 mV TDELAY Current limit delay CS-toGATE - - - 150 ns THICCUP Short circuit hiccup time - 400 - 850 μs TON(min) Minimum on-time (short circuit) - - - 430 ns - 32 40 48 - 8 10 12 - 0.165 - - CS = VCS + 30mV CS = 4V TOFF Timer TOFF Off-time μs RT = 1MΩ RT = 226kΩ GATE Driver ISOURCE Sourcing current A VGATE = 0V, VDD = 7.5V ISINK Sinking current - 0.165 - - A VGATE = VDD, VDD = 7.5V tRISE Output rise time - - 30 50 ns CGATE = 500pF, VDD = 7.5V tFALL Output fall time - - 30 50 ns CGATE = 500pF, VDD = 7.5V Shut-down temperature 4 128 140 - °C --- Hysteresis 4 - 20 - °C --- Over-Temperature Protection TSD ∆TSD 1 2 3 4 Specifications are TA = 25°C, VIN = 15V, VLD = VDD, PWMD = VDD unless otherwise noted. Also limited by package-power dissipation limit; Whichever is lower. Applies over the full operating ambient temperature range of -40°C < TA < +125°C. For design guidance only TABLE 1-2: THERMAL RESISTANCE DS20005333A-page 4 Package θja 8-Lead SOIC 101°C/W 16-Lead SOIC 83°C/W 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. HV9861A 2.0 PIN DESCRIPTION The locations of the pins are listed in Package Types. TABLE 2-1: PIN DESCRIPTION Pin # Function Description 8-Lead SOIC 16-Lead SOIC 1 1 VIN Input of a 15 - 450V linear regulator. 2 4 CS Current sense pin used to sense the FET current by means of an external sense resistor. 3 5 GND Ground return for all internal circuitry. This pin must be electrically connected to the ground of the power train. 4 8 GATE Output GATE driver for an external N-channel power MOSFET. 5 9 PWMD PWM-dimming input of the IC. When this pin is pulled to GND, the gate driver is turned off. When the pin is pulled high, the gate driver operates normally. 6 12 VDD Power supply pin for all internal circuits. It must be bypassed with a low ESR capacitor to GND (at least 0.1μF). 7 13 LD Linear-dimming input. Sets the current sense threshold as long as the voltage at this pin is less than 1.5V. If voltage at LD falls below 150mV, the GATE output is disabled. The GATE signal recovers at 200mV at LD. 8 14 RT A resistor connected between this pin and GND programs the GATE off-time. - 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 15, 16 NC 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. No connection. DS20005333A-page 5 HV9861A 3.0 APPLICATION INFORMATION Peak-current control (as in the HV9910B) of a buck converter is the most economical and simple way to regulate its output current. However, this method suffers accuracy and regulation problems that arise from the so-called peak-to-average current error, contributed to by the current ripple in the output inductor and the propagation delay in the current-sense comparator. The full inductor-current signal is unavailable for direct sensing at the ground potential in a buck converter when the control switch is referenced to the same ground potential. While it is very simple to detect the peak current in the switch, controlling the average inductor current is usually implemented by level translating the sense signal from the positive supply rail. Though this is practical for relatively low input voltage, this type of average-current control may become excessively complex and expensive in off line AC or other high-voltage DC applications. HV9861A employs a patented control scheme, achieving fast and very accurate control of average current in the buck inductor through sensing the switch current only. No compensation of the current-control loop is required. The LED current response to PWMD input is similar to that of the HV9910B. The inductor-current ripple amplitude does not affect this control scheme significantly. Therefore, the LED current is independent of the variation in inductance, switching frequency, or output voltage. Constant off-time control of the buck converter is used for stability and to improve the LEDcurrent regulation over a wide range of input voltages. (Note that, unlike the HV9910B, this IC does not support the constant-frequency mode of operation.) 3.1 OFF Timer The timing resistor connected to RT determines the offtime of the gate driver, and it must be wired to GND. Wiring this resistor to GATE as with the HV9910B is no longer supported. The equation governing the off-time of the GATE output is given by: CS pin. The feedback operates in a fast open-loop mode. No compensation is required. Output current is programmed simply as: I LED = 0.27V ---------------R CS When the voltage at the LD input VLD ≥ 1.5V. Otherwise: V LD 0.18 I LED = ------------------------R CS The above equations are only valid for continuous conduction of the output inductor. It is a good practice to design the inductor such that the switching ripple current in it is 30~40% of its average peak-to-peak, full load, DC current. Hence, the recommended inductance can be calculated as: V O MAX T OFF L = -----------------------------------0.4 I O The duty-cycle range of the current control feedback is limited to D ≤ 0.8. A reduction in the LED current may occur when the LED string voltage VO is greater than 80% of the input voltage VIN of the HV9861A LED driver. Reducing the output LED voltage VO below VO(MIN) = VIN • DMIN, where DMIN = 760ns/(TOFF +760ns), may also result in the loss of regulation of the LED current. However, this condition causes an increase in the LED current and can potentially trip the short-circuit protection comparator. A typical output characteristic of the HV9861A LED driver is shown in Figure 3-1. The corresponding HV9910B characteristic is given for comparison. FIGURE 3-1: R T k - + 0.3 T OFF s = ------------------25 3.2 Average Current Control Feedback and Output Short Circuit Protection Output Characteristics 0.60 0.55 LED Current (A) Within the range of 30kΩ ≤ RT ≤ 1.0MΩ. TYPICAL OUTPUT CHARACTERISTIC OF AN HV9861A LED DRIVER VIN = 170VDC 0.50 0.45 0.40 HV9861A 0.35 0.30 The current through the switching MOSFET source is averaged and used to give constant-current feedback. This current is detected using a sense resistor at the DS20005333A-page 6 HV9910B 0.25 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Output Voltage (V) 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. HV9861A The short circuit protection comparator trips when the voltage at CS exceeds 0.45V. When this occurs, the GATE off-time THICCUP = 650µs is generated to prevent stair-casing of the inductor current, and potentially its saturation, due to insufficient output voltage. The typical short-circuit current is shown in the waveform of Figure 3-2. FIGURE 3-2: SHORT-CIRCUIT INDUCTOR CURRENT 0.45V/RCS 650μs A leading-edge blanking delay is provided at CS to prevent false triggering of the current feedback and the short circuit protection. 3.3 3.4 HV9861A can be powered directly from a 15 – 450VDC supply through its VIN input. When this voltage is applied at the VIN pin, the HV9861A maintains a constant 7.5V level at VDD. This voltage can be used to power the IC and external circuitry connected to VDD within the rated maximum current or within the thermal ratings of the package, whichever limit is lower. The VDD pin must be bypassed by a low ESR capacitor to provide a low impedance path for the high frequency current of the GATE output. The HV9861A can also be powered through the VDD pin directly with a voltage greater than the internally regulated 7.5V, but less than 12V. Despite the instantaneous voltage rating of 450V, continuous voltage at VIN is limited by the power dissipation in the package. For example, when these ICs draw IIN = 3.0mA from the VIN input, and the 8-lead SOIC package is used, the maximum continuous voltage at VIN is limited to the following: Linear Dimming When the voltage at LD falls below 1.5V, the internal 270mV reference to the constant-current feedback becomes overridden by VLD • 0.18. As long as the current in the inductor remains continuous, the LED current is given by the equation in Section 3.2. However, when VLD falls below 150mV, the GATE output becomes disabled. The GATE signal recovers, when VLD exceeds 200mV. This is required in some applications to be able to shut the LED lamp off with the same signal input that controls the brightness. The typical linear dimming response is shown in Figure 3-3. FIGURE 3-3: TYPICAL LINEAR DIMMING RESPONSE OF AN HV9861A LED DRIVER Input Voltage Regulator T J MAX – T A - = 330V V IN MAX = -----------------------------R J – A I IN In this instance, the ambient temperature TA = 25°C, the maximum working junction temperature TJ(MAX) = 125°C, and the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance Rθ,JA = 101°C/W. In such cases, when it is needed to operate the HV9861A from a higher voltage, a resistor or a Zener diode can be added in series with the VIN input to divert some of the power loss from the IC. In the above example, using a 100V Zener diode will allow the circuit to work up to 430V. The input current drawn from the VIN pin is represented by the following equation: I IN 1.0mA + Q G f s LD Response Characteristics 0.40 0.35 In the above equation, fS is the switching frequency, and QG is the GATE charge of the external FET obtained from the manufacturer’s data sheet. LED Current (A) 0.30 0.25 0.20 3.5 0.15 0.10 0.05 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 LD (V) GATE Output The GATE output of HV9861A is used to drive an external MOSFET. The gate charge, QG, of the external MOSFET should be less than 25nC for switching frequencies ≤100kHz and less than 15nC for switching frequencies >100kHz. The linear dimming input could also be used for “mixedmode” dimming to expand the dimming ratio. In such case a pulse-width modulated signal of a measured amplitude below 1.5V should be applied at LD. 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005333A-page 7 HV9861A 3.6 PWM Dimming The rising and falling edges are limited by the current slew rate in the inductor. The first switching cycle is terminated upon reaching the 270mV (VLD • 0.18) level at CS. The circuit is further reaching its steady-state within 3–4 switching cycles regardless of the switching frequency. Due to the fast open-loop response of the averagemode, current-control loop of the HV9861A, the PWM dimming performance nearly matches that of the HV9910B. The inductor current waveform comparison is shown in Figure 3-4. FIGURE 3-4: TYPICAL PWM DIMMING RESPONSE OF AN HV9861A LED DRIVER CH2 (red): PWMD CH4 (green): Inductor Current CH3 (blue): Same as HV9910B, for comparison FIGURE 3-5: FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM Regulator VIN VDD + - UVLO POR 0.15/0.20V LD + - min (VLD • 0.18, 0.27V) GATE Auto-REF CS Average Current Control Logic Latch Enable Blanking IN OUT PWMD GND 0.45V + - 11μA R Q S Q CLK HV9861A DS20005333A-page 8 650μs TOFF Timer i Current Mirror RT 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. HV9861A 4.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 4.1 Package Marking Information 8-lead SOIC XXXXXXXX XX e3 YYWW NNN 16-lead SOIC XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX e3 YYWWNNN Legend: XX...X Y YY WW NNN * Note: Example HV9861A LG e3 1447 343 Example HV9861ANG e3 1447343 Product Code or Customer-specific information Year code (last digit of calendar year) Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’) Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn) This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( can be found on the outer packaging for this package. ) In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for product code or customer-specific information. Package may or not include the corporate logo. 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005333A-page 9 HV9861A Note: For the most current package drawings, see the Microchip Packaging Specification at www.microchip.com/packaging. DS20005333A-page 10 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. HV9861A 16-Lead SOIC (Narrow Body) Package Outline (NG) 9.90x3.90mm body, 1.75mm height (max), 1.27mm pitch D 16 θ1 E1 E Note 1 (Index Area D/2 x E1/2) L2 1 L Top View View B View B A h A A2 h Seating Plane e A1 Seating Plane θ L1 Gauge Plane Note 1 b Side View View A-A A Note: For the most current package drawings, see the Microchip Packaging Specification at www.microchip.com/packaging. Note: 1. 7KLVFKDPIHUIHDWXUHLVRSWLRQDO,ILWLVQRWSUHVHQWWKHQD3LQLGHQWL¿HUPXVWEHORFDWHGLQWKHLQGH[DUHDLQGLFDWHG7KH3LQLGHQWL¿HUFDQEH DPROGHGPDUNLGHQWL¿HUDQHPEHGGHGPHWDOPDUNHURUDSULQWHGLQGLFDWRU Symbol MIN Dimension (mm) A A1 A2 b D 1.35* 0.10 1.25 0.31 9.80* NOM - - - - MAX 1.75 0.25 1.65* 0.51 9.90 E E1 e 5.80* 3.80* 6.00 3.90 10.00* 6.20* 4.00* 1.27 BSC h L 0.25 0.40 - - 0.50 1.27 L1 L2 1.04 0.25 REF BSC ș ș 0O 5O - - 8O 15O JEDEC Registration MS-012, Variation AC, Issue E, Sept. 2005. 7KLVGLPHQVLRQLVQRWVSHFL¿HGLQWKH-('(&GUDZLQJ Drawings are not to scale. 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005333A-page 11 HV9861A APPENDIX A: REVISION HISTORY Revision A (December 2014) • Original Release of this Document. DS20005333A-page 12 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. HV9861A PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. PART NO. Device Device: Package: - XX X - Package Environmental Options X Media Type Examples: a) HV9861ALG-G: 8-lead SOIC package, 2500/Reel. b) HV9861ANG-G 16-lead SOIC package, 45/Tube HV9861A= LED Driver with Average-Mode Constant Current Control LG = 8-lead SOIC NG = 16-lead SOIC Environmental G = Lead (Pb)-free/ROHS-compliant package Media Type: (blank) = Reel for LG package, Tube for NG package 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005333A-page 13 Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, rfPIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor, MTP, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Omniscient Code Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock, ZENA and Z-Scale are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. GestIC and ULPP are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2014, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. Printed on recycled paper. ISBN: 978-1-63276-871-1 QUALITYMANAGEMENTSYSTEM CERTIFIEDBYDNV == ISO/TS16949== DS20005333A-page 14 Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 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