FEATURES FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM Ultrasmall package: 2 mm × 2 mm, 8-lead LFCSP High relative accuracy (INL): ±2 LSB maximum at 16 bits AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R Low drift, 2.5 V reference: 2 ppm/°C typical Selectable span output: 2.5 V or 5 V AD5693 External reference only Selectable span output: VREF or 2 × VREF Total unadjusted error (TUE): ±0.06% of FSR maximum Offset error: ±1.5 mV maximum Gain error: ±0.05 % of FSR maximum Low glitch: 0.1 nV-sec High drive capability: 20 mA Low power: 1.2 mW at 3.3 V 1.8 V VLOGIC compatible Wide operating temperature range: −40°C to +105°C Robust 4 kV HBM ESD protection VLOGIC VREF VDD POWER-ON RESET LDAC REF DAC REGISTER 16-/14-/12-BIT DAC RESET INPUT CONTROL LOGIC SDA SCL AD5693R/ AD5692R/ AD5691R 2.5V REF OUTPUT BUFFER POWER-DOWN CONTROL LOGIC A0 VOUT RESISTOR NETWORK 12077-001 Data Sheet Tiny 16-/14-/12-Bit I2C nanoDAC+, with ±2 LSB INL (16-Bit) and 2 ppm/°C Reference AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 GND Figure 1. MSOP LDAC OR VLOGIC OR RESET1 VREF VDD APPLICATIONS REF DAC REGISTER Process controls Data acquisition systems Digital gain and offset adjustment Programmable voltage sources Optical modules AD5693R/ AD5692R/ AD5691R/ AD5693 2.5V REF2 POWER-ON RESET 16-/14-/12-BIT DAC INPUT CONTROL LOGIC OUTPUT BUFFER POWER-DOWN CONTROL LOGIC VOUT RESISTOR NETWORK GENERAL DESCRIPTION SDA A0 GND Figure 2. LFCSP Table 1. Related Devices Interface SPI The internal power-on reset circuit ensures that the DAC register is written to zero scale at power-up while the internal output buffer is configured in normal mode. The AD5693R/AD5692R/ AD5691R/AD5693 contain a power-down mode that reduces the current consumption of the device to 2 μA (maximum) at 5 V and provides software selectable output loads. I2C The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 use an I2C interface. Some device options also include an asynchronous RESET pin and a VLOGIC pin, allowing 1.8 V compatibility. 2. Rev. C SCL 1NOT ALL PINS AVAILABLE IN ALL 8-LEAD LFCSP MODELS. 2NOT AVAILABLE IN THE AD5693. 12077-002 The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693, members of the nanoDAC+® family, are low power, single-channel, 16-/14-/12-bit buffered voltage output DACs. The devices, except the AD5693, include an enabled by default internal 2.5 V reference, offering 2 ppm/°C drift. The output span can be programmed to be 0 V to VREF or 0 V to 2 × VREF. All devices operate from a single 2.7 V to 5.5 V supply and are guaranteed monotonic by design. The devices are available in a 2.00 mm × 2.00 mm, 8-lead LFCSP or a 10-lead MSOP. Reference Internal External Internal External 16-Bit AD5683R AD5683 AD5693R AD5693 14-Bit AD5682R 12-Bit AD5681R AD5692R AD5691R PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS 1. 3. High relative accuracy (INL): ±2 LSB maximum (AD5693R/AD5693, 16-bit). Low drift, 2.5 V on-chip reference: 2 ppm/°C typical and 5 ppm/°C maximum temperature coefficient. 2 mm × 2 mm, 8-lead LFCSP and 10-lead MSOP. 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Technical Support www.analog.com AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Data Sheet TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Transfer Function ....................................................................... 19 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 DAC Architecture....................................................................... 19 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Serial Interface ................................................................................ 20 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 I2C Serial Data Interface ............................................................ 20 Product Highlights ........................................................................... 1 I2C Address .................................................................................. 20 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Write Operation.......................................................................... 20 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Read Operation........................................................................... 22 AC Characteristics........................................................................ 5 Load DAC (Hardware LDAC Pin) ........................................... 23 Timing Characteristics ................................................................ 5 Hardware RESET ........................................................................ 23 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 7 Thermal Hysteresis .................................................................... 23 Thermal Resistance ...................................................................... 7 Power-Up Sequence ................................................................... 23 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 7 Recommended Regulator .......................................................... 24 Pin Configurations and Function Descriptions ........................... 8 Layout Guidelines....................................................................... 24 Typical Performance Characteristics ........................................... 12 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 25 Terminology .................................................................................... 18 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 26 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 19 Digital-to-Analog Converter .................................................... 19 REVISION HISTORY 5/2016—Rev. B to Rev. C Changed VLOGIC = 1.8 V to 5.5 V to VLOGIC = 1.8 V − 10% to 5 V + 10% .................................................................................. Throughout Changes to Features Section............................................................ 1 Changes to VLOGIC Parameter, Table 2 ............................................ 4 Changes to Table 7 ............................................................................ 8 Changes to Table 9 .......................................................................... 10 Changes to Terminology Section.................................................. 18 11/2014—Rev. A to Rev. B Changes to Figure 2 .......................................................................... 1 Changes to Table 8 ............................................................................ 9 Change to Figure 7 ......................................................................... 10 Added Table 9; Renumbered Sequentially .................................. 10 Added Figure 8; Renumbered Sequentially, and Table 10......... 11 Added Recommended Regulator Section ................................... 24 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 26 5/2014—Rev. 0 to Rev. A Added AD5693 ................................................................... Universal Changes to Features, General Description, Figure 2, Table 1, and Product Highlights ....................................................................1 Added AD5693 Parameter, Table 1 and AD5693 Parameter, Table 1 .................................................................................................3 Changes to Endnote 1, Specifications Section, Table 1 ................4 Change to Total Harmonic Distortion, AC Characteristics, Table 3 and Endnote 2, Table 3 ........................................................5 Changes to Endnote 7, Timing Characteristics, Table 4 ..............5 Change to Pin 9, Description, Table 7 ............................................8 Changes to Figure 6 and Table 8 ......................................................9 Change to Figure 11 ....................................................................... 10 Change to Figure 18 ....................................................................... 11 Change to the External Reference Section .................................. 17 Change to Figure 46 ....................................................................... 19 Change to Figure 48 ....................................................................... 20 Change to Figure 50 ....................................................................... 21 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 23 2/2014—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. C | Page 2 of 26 Data Sheet AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 SPECIFICATIONS VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, RL = 2 kΩ to GND, CL = 200 pF to GND, VREF = 2.5 V to VDD − 0.2 V, VLOGIC = 1.8 V − 10% to 5 V + 10%, −40°C < TA < +105°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 2. Parameter STATIC PERFORMANCE1 AD5693R Resolution Relative Accuracy (INL) A Grade B Grade Differential Nonlinearity AD5692R Resolution Relative Accuracy Differential Nonlinearity AD5691R Resolution Relative Accuracy A Grade B Grade Differential Nonlinearity AD5693 Resolution Relative Accuracy (INL) Min Typ 16 LSB LSB LSB LSB Gain = 2 Gain = 1 Guaranteed monotonic by design ±4 ±1 Bits LSB LSB Guaranteed monotonic by design 12 Bits ±2 ±1 ±1 16 ±2 ±3 ±1 1.25 ±1.5 ±0.075 ±0.05 ±0.16 ±0.14 ±0.075 ±0.06 ±1 ±1 ±1 0.2 0 0 VREF 2 × VREF 2 10 Resistive Load Load Regulation 1 Short-Circuit Current Load Impedance at Rails2 20 Test Conditions/Comments ±8 ±2 ±3 ±1 14 Capacitive Load Stability Unit Bits Differential Nonlinearity Zero Code Error Offset Error Full-Scale Error Gain Error Total Unadjusted Error Zero Code Error Drift Offset Error Drift Gain Temperature Coefficient DC Power Supply Rejection Ratio OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Range Max 10 10 20 50 LSB LSB LSB Bits LSB LSB LSB mV mV % of FSR % of FSR % of FSR % of FSR % of FSR % of FSR μV/°C μV/°C ppm/°C mV/V V V nF nF kΩ μV/mA μV/mA mA Ω Rev. C | Page 3 of 26 Guaranteed monotonic by design Gain = 2 Gain = 1 Guaranteed monotonic by design All 0s loaded to DAC register All 1s loaded to DAC register Internal reference, gain = 1 Internal reference, gain = 2 External reference, gain = 1 External reference, gain = 2 DAC code = midscale, VDD = 5 V ±10% Gain = 0 Gain = 1 RL = ∞ RL = 2 kΩ CL = 0 μF VDD = 5 V, DAC code = midscale, −30 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ +30 mA VDD = 3 V, DAC code = midscale, −20 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ +20 mA AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Parameter REFERENCE OUTPUT Output Voltage Voltage Reference TC3 A Grade B Grade Output Impedance Output Voltage Noise Output Voltage Noise Density Capacitive Load Stability Load Regulation Sourcing Load Regulation Sinking Output Current Load Capability Line Regulation Thermal Hysteresis Min Typ 2.4975 5 2 0.05 16.5 240 5 50 30 ±5 80 125 25 REFERENCE INPUT Reference Current Power-Down Modes8 Unit Test Conditions/Comments 2.5025 V At ambient temperature See the Terminology section 20 5 ppm/°C ppm/°C Ω μV p-p nV/√Hz μF μV/mA μV/mA mA μV/V ppm ppm VDD 120 60 LOGIC INPUTS IIN, Input Current IDD 6 Normal Mode7 Max 35 57 Reference Input Range4 Reference Input Impedance VINL, Input Low Voltage4 VINH, Input High Voltage4 CIN, Pin Capacitance LOGIC OUTPUTS (SDA)4 Output Low Voltage, VOL Output High Voltage, VOH Pin Capacitance POWER REQUIREMENTS VLOGIC5 ILOGIC5 VDD Data Sheet Per pin SDA and SCL pins 0.4 V V pF ISINK = 200 μA ISOURCE = 200 μA 5 3 5.5 5.5 V μA V V 500 180 2 μA μA μA ±10% VIH = VLOGIC or VIL = GND Gain = 1 Gain = 2 VIH = VDD, VIL = GND Internal reference enabled Internal reference disabled VDD − 0.4 4 2.7 VREF + 1.5 350 110 Gain = 1 Gain = 2 μA μA V V pF 2 0.25 VREF = VDD = VLOGIC = 5.5 V, gain = 1 VREF = VDD = VLOGIC = 5.5 V, gain = 2 ±1 ±3 0.3 × VDD 0.7 × VDD 1.8 μA μA V kΩ kΩ 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz At ambient temperature, f = 10 kHz, CL = 10 nF RL = 2 kΩ At ambient temperature, VDD ≥ 3 V At ambient temperature VDD ≥ 3 V At ambient temperature First cycle Additional cycles 1 Linearity calculated using a reduced code range: AD5693R/AD5693 (Code 512 to Code 65,535); AD5692R (Code 128 to Code 16,384); AD5691R (Code 32 to Code 4096). Output unloaded. When drawing a load current at either rail, the output voltage headroom, with respect to that rail, is limited by the 20 Ω typical channel resistance of the output devices; for example, when sinking 1 mA, the minimum output voltage with 20 Ω, 1 mA generates 20 mV. See Figure 36 for more details. 3 Voltage reference temperature coefficient is calculated as per the box method. See the Terminology section for more information. 4 Substitute VLOGIC for VDD if the device includes a VLOGIC pin. 5 The VLOGIC pin is not available on all models. 6 If the VLOGIC pin is not available, IDD = IDD + ILOGIC. 7 Interface inactive. DAC active. DAC output unloaded. 8 DAC powered down. 2 Rev. C | Page 4 of 26 Data Sheet AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 AC CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, RL = 2 kΩ to GND, CL = 200 pF to GND, VREF = 2.5 V to VDD − 0.2 V, VLOGIC = 1.8 V − 10% to 5 V + 10%, −40°C < TA < +105°C, typical at 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 3. Parameter Output Voltage Settling Time1, 2 Slew Rate Digital-to-Analog Glitch Impulse1 Digital Feedthrough1 Total Harmonic Distortion1 Output Noise Spectral Density1 Output Noise SNR SFDR SINAD 1 2 Typ 5 0.7 0.1 0.1 −80 300 6 90 83 80 Max 7 Unit μs V/μs nV-s nV-s dB nV/√Hz μV p-p dB dB dB Conditions/Comments Gain = 1 ±1 LSB change around major carry, gain = 2 At ambient temperature, BW = 20 kHz, VDD = 5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz DAC code = midscale, 10 kHz 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz; internal reference At ambient temperature, bandwidth (BW) = 20 kHz, VDD =5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz At ambient temperature, BW = 20 kHz, VDD =5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz At ambient temperature, BW = 20 kHz, VDD =5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz See the Terminology section. For the AD5693R/AD5693, to ±2 LSB. For the AD5692R, to ±1 LSB. For the AD5691R, to ±0.5 LSB TIMING CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VLOGIC = 1.8 V − 10% to 5 V + 10%, −40°C < TA < +105°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 4. Parameter1 fSCL2 t1 t2 t3 t43 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t104 t11 t124 tSP5 t13 t14 t15 t16 tREF_POWER_UP6 tSHUTDOWN7 Min Typ 0.6 1.3 100 0 0.6 0.6 1.3 0.6 20 20 × (VDD/5.5 V) 20 20 × (VDD/5.5 V) 0 400 400 20 75 Max 400 0.9 300 300 300 300 50 600 6 Unit kHz μs μs ns μs μs μs μs μs ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns μs μs 1 Description Serial clock frequency SCL high time, tHIGH SCL low time, tLOW Data setup time, tSU; DAT Data hold time, tHD; DAT Setup time for a repeated start condition, tSU; STA Hold time (repeated) start condition, tHD; STA Bus free time between a stop and a start condition, tBUF Setup time for a stop condition, tSU; STO Rise time of SDA signal, tr Fall time of SDA signal, tf Rise time of SCL signal, tr Fall time of SCL signal, tf Pulse width of suppressed spike (not shown in Figure 3) LDAC falling edge to SCL falling edge LDAC pulse width (synchronous mode) LDAC pulse width (asynchronous mode) RESET pulse width Reference power-up (not shown in Figure 3) Exit shutdown (not shown in Figure 3) Maximum bus capacitance is limited to 400 pF. All input signals are specified with tR = tF = 1 ns/V (10% to 90% of VDD) and timed from a voltage level of (VIL + VIH)/2. The SDA and SCL timing is measured with the input filters enabled. Switching off the input filters improves the transfer rate; however, it has a negative effect on the EMC behavior of the device. 3 The master should add at least 300 ns for the SDA signal (with respect to the VOH (min) of the SCL signal) to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge of SCL. 4 Substitute VLOGIC for VDD on devices that include a VLOGIC pin. 5 Not applicable for standard mode. 6 Expect the same timing when powering up the device after VDD is equal to 2.7 V. 7 Time to exit power-down to normal mode of AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 operation. 2 Rev. C | Page 5 of 26 AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Data Sheet Timing Diagrams t12 t11 t6 t8 t2 SCL t10 t5 t1 t9 t3 t4 SDA START OR REPEAT START CONDITION REPEAT START CONDITION STOP CONDITION Figure 3. I2C Serial Interface Timing Diagram SCL SDA ACK t13 STOP CONDITION t14 t15 LDAC ASYNCHRONOUS DAC UPDATE SYNCHRONOUS DAC UPDATE 12077-004 t16 RESET Figure 4. I2C RESET and LDAC Timing Rev. C | Page 6 of 26 12077-003 t7 Data Sheet AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. THERMAL RESISTANCE Table 5. θJA is defined by the JEDEC JESD51 standard, and the value is dependent on the test board and test environment. Parameter VDD to GND VLOGIC to GND VOUT to GND VREF to GND Digital Input Voltage to GND1 Operating Temperature Range Industrial Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature (TJ max) Power Dissipation ESD2 FICDM3 1 2 3 Rating −0.3 V to +7 V −0.3 V to +7 V −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V or +7 V (whichever is less) −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V or +7 V (whichever is less) −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V or +7 V (whichever is less) Table 6. Thermal Resistance1 Package Type 8-Lead LFCSP 10-Lead MSOP 1 θJA 90 135 JEDEC 2S2P test board, still air (0 m/sec airflow). ESD CAUTION −40°C to +105°C −65°C to +150°C 135°C (TJ max − TA)/θJA 4 kV 1.25 kV Substitute VDD with VLOGIC on devices that include a VLOGIC pin. Human body model (HBM) classification. Field-induced charged-device model classification. Stresses at or above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the product. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the product at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Operation beyond the maximum operating conditions for extended periods may affect product reliability. Rev. C | Page 7 of 26 θJC 25 N/A Unit °C/W °C/W AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Data Sheet VDD 1 VLOGIC 2 RESET 3 LDAC 4 GND 5 AD5693R/ AD5691R TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 10 VOUT 9 VREF 8 SDA 7 SCL 6 A0 12077-005 PIN CONFIGURATIONS AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS Figure 5. AD5693R/AD5691R Pin Configuration, 10-Lead MSOP Table 7. AD5693R/AD5691R Pin Function Descriptions, 10-Lead MSOP Pin No. 1 2 3 Mnemonic VDD VLOGIC RESET 4 LDAC 5 6 7 8 9 GND A0 SCL SDA VREF 10 VOUT Description Power Supply Input. These devices can be operated from 2.7 V to 5.5 V. Decouple the supply to GND. Digital Power Supply. Voltage ranges from 1.8 V − 10% to 5 V + 10%. Decouple the supply to GND. Hardware Reset Pin. The RESET input is low level sensitive. When RESET is low, the device is reset and external pins are ignored. The input and DAC registers are loaded with zero code value and control register loaded with default values. Tie this pin to VLOGIC if not used. Load DAC. Transfers the content of the input register to the DAC register. It can be operated in two modes, asynchronously and synchronously, as shown in Figure 4. This pin can be tied permanently low, and the DAC updates when new data is written to the input register. Ground Reference. Programmable Address for Multiple Package Decoding. The address pin can be updated on-the-fly. Serial Clock Line. Serial Data Input/Output. Reference Input/Output. In the AD5693R/AD5691R, this is a reference output pin by default. It is recommended to use a 10 nF decoupling capacitor for the internal reference. Analog Output Voltage from the DAC. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Rev. C | Page 8 of 26 AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 VDD 1 LDAC 2 GND 3 A0 4 AD5693R/ AD5692R/ AD5691R/ AD5693 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 8 VOUT 7 VREF 6 SDA 5 SCL NOTES 1. CONNECT THE EXPOSED PAD TO GND. 12077-006 Data Sheet Figure 6. AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Pin Configuration, 8-Lead LFCSP, LDAC Option Table 8. AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Pin Function Descriptions, 8-Lead LFCSP, LDAC Option Pin No. 1 2 Mnemonic VDD LDAC 3 4 5 6 7 GND A0 SCL SDA VREF 8 VOUT EPAD Description Power Supply Input. These devices can be operated from 2.7 V to 5.5 V. Decouple the supply to GND. Load DAC. Transfers the content of the input register to the DAC register. It can be operated in two modes, asynchronously and synchronously, as shown in Figure 4. This pin can be tied permanently low and the DAC updates when new data is written to the input register. Ground Reference. Programmable Address for Multiple Package Decoding. The address pin can be updated on-the-fly. Serial Clock Line. Serial Data Input/Output. Reference Input/Output. In the AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R, this is a reference output pin by default. In the AD5693, this pin is a reference input only. It is recommended to use a 10 nF decoupling capacitor for the internal reference. Analog Output Voltage from the DAC. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Exposed Pad. Connect the exposed pad to GND. Rev. C | Page 9 of 26 AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Data Sheet VDD 1 GND 3 A0 4 AD5693R-1 AD5691R-1 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 7 VREF 6 SDA 5 SCL NOTES 1. CONNECT THE EXPOSED PAD TO GND. 12077-007 VLOGIC 2 8 VOUT Figure 7. AD5693R-1/AD5691R-1 Pin Configuration, 8-Lead LFCSP, VLOGIC Option Table 9. AD5693R-1/AD5691R-1 Pin Function Descriptions, 8-Lead LFCSP, VLOGIC Option Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mnemonic VDD VLOGIC GND A0 SCL SDA VREF 8 VOUT EPAD Description Power Supply Input. These devices can be operated from 2.7 V to 5.5 V. Decouple the supply to GND. Digital Power Supply. Voltage ranges from 1.8 V − 10% to 5 V + 10%. Decouple the supply to GND. Ground Reference. Programmable Address for Multiple Package Decoding. The address pin can be updated on-the-fly. Serial Clock Line. Serial Data Input/Output. Reference Input/Output. In the AD5693R-1/AD5691R-1, this is a reference output pin by default. It is recommended to use a 10 nF decoupling capacitor for the internal reference. Analog Output Voltage from the DAC. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Exposed Pad. Connect the exposed pad to GND. Rev. C | Page 10 of 26 Data Sheet AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 VDD 1 GND 3 A0 4 AD5693R-2 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 7 VREF 6 SDA 5 SCL NOTES 1. CONNECT THE EXPOSED PAD TO GND. 12077-107 RESET 2 8 VOUT Figure 8. AD5693R-2 Pin Configuration, 8-Lead LFCSP, RESET Option Table 10. AD5693R-2 Pin Function Descriptions, 8-Lead LFCSP, RESET Option Pin No. 1 2 Mnemonic VDD RESET 3 4 5 6 7 GND A0 SCL SDA VREF 8 VOUT EPAD Description Power Supply Input. These devices can be operated from 2.7 V to 5.5 V. Decouple the supply to GND. Hardware Reset Pin. The RESET input is low level sensitive. When RESET is low, the device is reset and external pins are ignored. The input and DAC registers are loaded with zero code value and the control register is loaded with default values. Tie this pin to VDD if not used. Ground Reference. Programmable Address for Multiple Package Decoding. The address pin can be updated on-the-fly. Serial Clock Line. Serial Data Input/Output. Reference Input/Output. In the AD5693R-2, this is a reference output pin by default. It is recommended to use a 10 nF decoupling capacitor for the internal reference. Analog Output Voltage from the DAC. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Exposed Pad. Connect the exposed pad to GND. Rev. C | Page 11 of 26 AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Data Sheet TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 2 2 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C VREF = 2.5V 1 DNL (LSB) 0 –1 0 –1 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 65535 CODE –2 12077-009 –2 0 10000 30000 40000 50000 60000 65535 CODE Figure 12. AD5693R/AD5693 DNL Figure 9. AD5693R/AD5693 INL 2 20000 12077-012 INL (LSB) 1 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C VREF = 2.5V 1.0 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C VREF = 2.5V VDD = 5V 0.8 TA = 25°C VREF = 2.5V 0.6 1 DNL (LSB) INL (LSB) 0.4 0 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –1 –0.6 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16383 CODE –1.0 12077-010 –2 0 2000 4000 10000 12000 14000 16383 Figure 13. AD5692R DNL 1.0 VDD = 5V 0.8 TA = 25°C VREF = 2.5V 0.6 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C VREF = 2.5V 1.5 8000 CODE Figure 10. AD5692R INL 2.0 6000 12077-013 –0.8 1.0 0.4 DNL (LSB) 0 –0.5 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –1.0 –0.6 –1.5 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 CODE 3000 3500 4000 –1.0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 CODE Figure 14. AD5691R DNL Figure 11. AD5691R INL Rev. C | Page 12 of 26 3000 3500 4000 12077-014 –0.8 –2.0 12077-011 INL (LSB) 0.5 Data Sheet 1.4 VDD = 5V VREF = 2.5V 0.8 0.6 U1_DNL_INT_REF U3_DNL_INT_REF U2_DNL_EXT_REF U1_INL_INT_REF U3_INL_INT_REF U2_INL_EXT_REF 0.2 U2_DNL_INT_REF U1_DNL_EXT_REF U3_DNL_EXT_REF U2_INL_INT_REF U1_INL_EXT_REF U3_INL_EXT_REF 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 105 TEMPERATURE (°C) –0.2 12077-015 –0.2 2 0.02 TA = 25°C U2_DNL_INT_REF U1_DNL_EXT_REF U3_DNL_EXT_REF U2_INL_INT_REF U1_INL_EXT_REF U3_INL_EXT_REF 4 5 Figure 18. INL and DNL Error vs. VREF (AD5693R/AD5693) (AD5693R/AD5693) (AD5692R) (AD5691R) 0.01 0 0.8 TUE (% FSR) 0.6 0.4 –0.01 –0.02 0.2 –0.03 0 2.70 3.30 3.75 4.25 4.75 5.25 VDD (V) –0.04 12077-016 –0.2 0 0 0 10000 2000 500 Figure 16. INL and DNL Error vs. VDD 0.06 U1_EXT_REF U2_EXT_REF U3_EXT_REF U1_INT_REF U2_INT_REF U3_INT_REF 0.04 20000 4000 1000 30000 40000 6000 8000 1500 2000 CODE 50000 10000 2500 60000 65535 12000 16383 3000 4095 12077-019 INL AND DNL ERROR (LSB) 1.0 U1_DNL_INT_REF U3_DNL_INT_REF U2_DNL_EXT_REF U1_INL_INT_REF U3_INL_INT_REF U2_INL_EXT_REF 3 VREF (V) Figure 15. INL and DNL Error vs. Temperature (AD5693R/AD5693) 1.2 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C 0.8 0 1.4 U2_DNL U1_INL U3_INL 1.0 INL AND DNL ERROR (LSB) INL AND DNL ERROR (LSB) 1.0 0.4 U1_DNL U3_DNL U2_INL 1.2 12077-018 1.2 AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Figure 19. TUE vs. Code 0.04 VDD = 5V GAIN = 1 VREF = 2.5V TA = 25°C GAIN = 1 VREF = 2.5V 0.03 TUE (% FSR) 0 0.01 0 –0.01 –0.04 –40 0 40 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 Figure 17. TUE vs. Temperature U1_INT_REF U2_INT_REF U3_INT_REF –0.02 2.70 3.30 U1_EXT_REF U2_EXT_REF U3_EXT_REF 3.75 4.25 VDD (V) Figure 20. TUE vs. VDD Rev. C | Page 13 of 26 4.75 5.25 12077-020 –0.02 12077-017 TUE (% FSR) 0.02 0.02 AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Data Sheet 0.030 0.03 TA = 25°C GAIN = 1 VREF = 2.5V 0.025 0.02 0.020 0.015 ERROR (% FSR) 0 –0.01 U1_INT_REF U2_INT_REF U3_INT_REF U1_EXT_REF U2_EXT_REF U3_EXT_REF –0.04 –40 0.005 0 –0.005 –0.010 –0.015 VDD = 5V GAIN = 1 VREF = 2.5V 0 40 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) –0.025 2.70 300 500 400 ERROR (µV) 150 U1_INT_REF U2_INT_REF U3_INT_REF U1_EXT_REF U2_EXT_REF U3_EXT_REF –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 105 TEMPERATURE (°C) TA = 25°C GAIN = 1 VREF = 2.5V 200 2.70 3.30 3.75 4.25 4.75 5.25 5.50 VDD (V) Figure 25. Zero Code Error and Offset Error vs. VDD 4.5 4.0 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C GAIN = 1 NUMBER OF HITS 3.5 2.501 2.499 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 2.497 10 60 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 VREF (V) Figure 26. Reference Output Spread Figure 23. Internal Reference Voltage vs. Temperature (Grade B) Rev. C | Page 14 of 26 12077-026 2.495 –40 2.50001 2.50004 2.50007 2.50010 2.50013 2.50016 2.50019 2.50022 2.50025 2.50028 2.50031 2.50034 2.50037 2.50040 2.50043 2.50046 2.50049 2.50052 2.50055 2.50058 2.50061 2.50064 2.50067 2.50070 2.50073 2.50076 2.50079 2.50082 2.50085 2.50088 2.50091 2.50094 2.50097 2.50100 0.5 12077-023 VREF (V) 2.503 5.50 0 VDD = 5V U1 U2 U3 5.25 300 Figure 22. Zero Code Error and Offset Error vs. Temperature 2.505 4.75 100 12077-022 ERROR (µV) 200 0 4.25 U1_INT_REF U2_INT_REF U3_INT_REF U1_EXT_REF U2_EXT_REF U3_EXT_REF 250 50 3.75 Figure 24. Gain Error and Full-Scale Error vs. VDD VDD = 5V GAIN = 1 VREF = 2.5V 100 3.30 U1_EXT_REF U2_EXT_REF U3_EXT_REF VDD (V) Figure 21. Gain Error and Full-Scale Error vs. Temperature 350 U1_INT_REF U2_INT_REF U3_INT_REF –0.020 12077-024 –0.03 0.010 12077-025 –0.02 12077-021 ERROR (% FSR) 0.01 Data Sheet AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 2.50015 2.5009 TA = 25°C 5.5V 5.0V 3.0V 2.7V TA = 25°C 2.50010 2.5008 2.50005 VREF (V) 2.50000 2.49995 2.5006 2.5005 2.49990 2.5004 D11 2.49985 D13 4.5 5.5 2.5003 –0.005 VDD (V) INTERNAL REFERENCE NSD (nV/√Hz) A CH1 0.003 1800 TA = 25°C VDD = 5V 0.005 2.00µV VDD = 5V TA = 25°C 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 12077-028 M1.00s 0.001 Figure 30. Internal Reference Voltage vs. Load Current 1 CH1 10µV –0.001 LOAD CURRENT (A) Figure 27. Internal Reference Voltage vs. VDD T –0.003 0 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 28. Internal Reference Noise, 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Figure 31. Internal Reference Noise Spectral Density vs. Frequency T T TA = 25°C VDD = 5V TA = 25°C VDD = 5V CH1 10µV M1.00s A CH1 2.00µV CH1 10µV M1.00s A CH1 2.00µV 12077-032 1 1 Figure 32. 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Output Noise Plot, External Reference Figure 29. 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Output Noise Plot, Internal Reference On Rev. C | Page 15 of 26 12077-031 3.5 12077-027 2.49980 2.5 12077-030 D12 12077-029 VREF (V) 2.5007 AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 1200 1.4 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C GAIN = 1 FULL-SCALE MIDSCALE ZEROSCALE 1000 Data Sheet 1.0 TA = 25°C 0.6 ∆VOUT (V) 800 NSD (nV/√Hz) SINKING, VDD = 3V SOURCING, VDD = 5V SINKING, VDD = 5V SOURCING, VDD = 3V 600 0.2 –0.2 400 –0.6 200 100 1k 10k 100k –1.4 12077-033 0 10 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 0.01 Figure 33. Noise Spectral Density vs. Frequency, Gain = 1 6 5 0.03 Figure 36. Headroom/Footroom vs. Load Current 7 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C GAIN = 1 0xFFFF 0xC000 0x8000 0x4000 0x0000 0.02 LOAD CURRENT (A) 12077-036 –1.0 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C GAIN = 2 0xFFFF 0xC000 0x8000 0x4000 0x0000 6 5 4 3 VOUT (V) VOUT (V) 4 2 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 –2 –50 12077-034 –1 –50 50 LOAD CURRENT (mA) Figure 34. Source and Sink Capability, Gain = 1 500 0 50 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 12077-037 –1 Figure 37. Source and Sink Capability, Gain = 2 0.0015 VDD = 5V 450 GAIN = 1 GAIN = 2 0.0010 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V CODE = 0x7FFF TO 0x8000 400 0.0005 350 0 250 200 VOUT (V) ZS_INT_REF_GAIN = 1 FS_EXT_REF_GAIN = 2 FS_INT_REF_GAIN = 2 ZS_INT_REF_GAIN = 2 FS_INT_REF_GAIN = 1 FS_EXT_REF_GAIN = 1 –0.0005 –0.0010 150 –0.0015 100 0 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 105 Figure 35. IDD vs. Temperature –0.0025 0 1 2 3 4 5 TIME (µs) Figure 38. Digital-to-Analog Glitch Impulse Rev. C | Page 16 of 26 6 7 12077-038 –0.0020 50 12077-035 IDD (µA) 300 Data Sheet AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 2.5 4.5 0nF 0.2nF 1nF 4.7nF 10nF 2.0 0nF 0.2nF 1nF 4.7nF 10nF 4.0 3.5 3.0 VOUT (V) VOUT (V) 1.5 1.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 0 0 0.01 0.5 0.02 TIME (ms) 0 0 0 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V GAIN = 2 GAIN = 1 –10 –20 BANDWIDTH (dB) –30 –80 –30 –40 –50 –60 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C VOUT = MIDSCALE EXTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V, ±0.1V p-p –70 0 5 10 15 20 FREQUENCY (kHz) –80 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 40. Total Harmonic Distortion at 1 kHz 12077-043 –130 12077-040 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBV) 0.02 Figure 42. Capacitive Load vs. Settling Time, Gain = 2 –180 Figure 43. Multiplying Bandwidth, External Reference = 2.5 V, ±0.1 V p-p, 10 kHz to 10 MHz 6 0.06 5 0.05 4 3 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C MIDSCALE, GAIN = 2 0.04 2 0.03 2 0.02 1 0.01 VOUT (V) 3 VOUT (V) VDD SYNC MIDSCALE, GAIN = 1 1 VOUT 0 –0.01 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 TIME (ms) 7 8 0 –5 0 5 10 TIME (µs) Figure 44. Exiting Power-Down to Midscale Figure 41. Power-On Reset to 0 V Rev. C | Page 17 of 26 15 12077-044 0 12077-041 VDD (V) 0.01 TIME (ms) Figure 39. Capacitive Load vs. Settling Time, Gain = 1 20 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C GAIN = 2 RL = 2kΩ INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V 1.0 12077-039 0.5 12077-042 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C GAIN = 1 RL = 2kΩ INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Data Sheet TERMINOLOGY Relative Accuracy or Integral Nonlinearity (INL) For the DAC, relative accuracy or integral nonlinearity is a measurement of the maximum deviation, in LSBs, from a straight line passing through the endpoints of the DAC transfer function. For typical INL vs. code plots, see Figure 9, Figure 10, and Figure 11. Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) Differential nonlinearity is the difference between the measured change and the ideal 1 LSB change between any two adjacent codes. A specified differential nonlinearity of ±1 LSB maximum ensures monotonicity. This DAC is guaranteed monotonic by design. For typical DNL vs. code plots, see Figure 12, Figure 13, and Figure 14. Zero Code Error Zero code error is a measurement of the output error when zero code (0x0000) is loaded to the DAC register. Ideally, the output is 0 V. The zero code error is always positive in the AD5693R/ AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 because the output of the DAC cannot go below 0 V due to a combination of the offset errors in the DAC and the output amplifier. Zero code error is expressed in mV. For plots of zero code error, see in Figure 22 and Figure 25. Full-Scale Error Full-scale error is a measurement of the output error when full-scale code (0xFFFF) is loaded to the DAC register. Ideally, the output is VREF − 1 LSB or |2 × VREF| − 1 LSB. Full-scale error is expressed in percent of full-scale range. For plots of full-scale error vs. temperature, see Figure 21 and Figure 24. Gain Error Gain error is a measure of the span error of the DAC. It is the deviation in slope of the DAC transfer characteristic from the ideal expressed as % of FSR. Zero Code Error Drift Zero code error drift is a measurement of the change in zero code error with a change in temperature. It is expressed in μV/°C. Gain Temperature Coefficient Gain temperature coefficient is a measurement of the change in gain error with changes in temperature. It is expressed in ppm of FSR/°C. Offset Error Offset error is a measure of the difference between VOUT (actual) and VOUT (ideal) expressed in mV in the linear region of the transfer function. Offset error is measured on the AD5693R with Code 512 loaded in the DAC register (Code 256 for the AD5692R and Code 128 for the AD5693R/AD5693). It can be negative or positive. DC Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) PSRR indicates how the output of the DAC is affected by changes in the supply voltage. PSRR is the ratio of the change in VOUT to a change in VDD for full-scale output of the DAC. It is measured in mV/V. VREF is held at 2 V, and VDD is varied by ±10%. Output Voltage Settling Time This is the amount of time it takes for the output of a DAC to settle to a specified level for a ¼ to ¾ full-scale input change. Digital-to-Analog Glitch Impulse Digital-to-analog glitch impulse is the impulse injected into the analog output when the input code in the DAC register changes state. It is normally specified as the area of the glitch in nV-sec, and is measured when the digital input code is changed by 1 LSB at the major carry transition (0x7FFF to 0x8000) Digital Feedthrough Digital feedthrough is a measure of the impulse injected into the analog output of the DAC from the digital inputs of the DAC, but is measured when the DAC output is not updated. It is specified in nV-sec, and measured with a full-scale code change on the data bus, that is, from all 0s to all 1s and vice versa. Noise Spectral Density Noise spectral density is a measurement of the internally generated random noise. Random noise is characterized as a spectral density (nV/√Hz). It is measured by loading the DAC to midscale and measuring noise at the output. It is measured in nV/√Hz. For plots of noise spectral density, see Figure 29, Figure 32, and Figure 33. The noise spectral density for the reference is shown in Figure 28 and Figure 31. Multiplying Bandwidth The amplifiers within the DAC have a finite bandwidth. The multiplying bandwidth is a measure of these finite bandwidths. A sine wave on the reference (with full-scale code loaded to the DAC) appears on the output. The multiplying bandwidth is the frequency at which the output amplitude falls to 3 dB below the input. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) THD is the difference between an ideal sine wave and its attenuated version using the DAC. The sine wave is used as the reference for the DAC, and THD is a measurement of the harmonics present on the DAC output. It is measured in dB. Voltage Reference Temperature Coefficient (TC) Voltage reference TC is a measure of the change in the reference output voltage with a change in temperature. The reference TC is calculated using the box method, which defines the TC as the maximum change in the reference output over a given temperature range expressed in ppm/°C as follows: VREFmax VREFmin 6 TC 10 V TempRange REFnom where: VREFmax is the maximum reference output measured over the total temperature range. VREFmin is the minimum reference output measured over the total temperature range. VREFnom is the nominal reference output voltage, 2.5 V. TempRange is the specified temperature range, −40°C to +105°C. Rev. C | Page 18 of 26 Data Sheet AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 THEORY OF OPERATION DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 are single 16-bit, 14-bit, and 12-bit, serial input, voltage output DACs with a 2.5 V internal reference. The devices operate from supply voltages of 2.7 V to 5.5 V. Data is written to the AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/ AD5693 in a 24-bit word format via an I2C serial interface. Because each resistance in the string has same value, R, the string DAC is guaranteed monotonic. VREF R R The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 incorporate a power-on reset circuit that ensures that the DAC output powers up to zero scale. The devices also have a software power-down mode that reduces the current consumption to 2 μA maximum. R TO OUTPUT BUFFER TRANSFER FUNCTION The internal reference is on by default. The input coding to the DAC is straight binary. The ideal output voltage is given by the following equations: R For the AD5693R/AD5693, 12077-046 R VOUT(D) = Gain × VREF × D 65, 536 Figure 46. Simplified Resistor String Structure For the AD5692R, Internal Reference VOUT(D) = Gain × VREF × D 16 , 384 The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R on-chip reference is on at power-up but can be disabled via a write to the control register. The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R each have a 2.5 V, 2 ppm/°C reference, giving a full-scale output of 2.5 V or 5 V, depending on the state of the gain bit. For the AD5691R, VOUT(D) = Gain × VREF × D 4096 where: D is the decimal equivalent of the binary code that is loaded to the DAC register. Gain is the gain of the output amplifier and it is set to ×1 by default. The gain can also be set to ×2 using the gain bit in the control register. DAC ARCHITECTURE The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 implement a segmented string DAC architecture with an internal output buffer. Figure 45 shows the internal block diagram. REF (+) RESISTOR STRING The VREF pin is an input pin in the AD5693. The VREF pin can also be configured as an input pin on the AD5693R/AD5692R/ AD5691R, allowing the use of an external reference if the application requires it. In the AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R, the default condition of the on-chip reference is on at power-up. Before connecting an external reference to the pin, disable the internal reference by writing to the REF bit (Bit DB12) in the control register. The output buffer is designed as an input/output rail-to-rail buffer, which gives a maximum output voltage range of up to VDD. The gain bit sets the segmented string DAC gain to ×1 or ×2, as shown in Table 14. 2.5V REF DAC REGISTER External Reference Output Buffer VREF INPUT REGISTER The internal reference is available at the VREF pin. It is internally buffered and capable of driving external loads of up to 5 mA. VOUT GND 12077-045 REF (–) Figure 45. DAC Channel Architecture Block Diagram The simplified segmented resistor string DAC structure is shown in Figure 46. The code loaded to the DAC register determines the switch on the string that is connected to the output buffer. The output buffer voltage is determined by VREF, the gain bit, and the offset and gain errors. The output buffer can drive a 10 nF capacitance with a 2 kΩ resistor in parallel, as shown in Figure 39 and Figure 42. If a higher capacitance load is required, use the snubber method or a shunt resistor to isolate the load from the output amplifier. The slew rate is 0.7 V/μs with a ¼ to ¾ scale settling time of 5 μs. Rev. C | Page 19 of 26 AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Data Sheet SERIAL INTERFACE I2C ADDRESS The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 have 2-wire, I2Ccompatible serial interfaces. These devices can be connected to an I2C bus as a slave device, under the control of a master device. See Figure 3 for a timing diagram of a typical write sequence. I2C SERIAL DATA INTERFACE The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 have a 7-bit slave address. The five MSBs are 10011. The second last bit set by the state of the A0 address pin and the LSB is 0. The ability to make hardwired changes to A0 lets the user have two of these devices on one bus, as outlined in Table 11. Additionally, the pin can be updated before starting the transmission, allowing multiple devices in the same bus by connecting the pin to a GPIO or a multiplexer. The 2-wire serial bus protocol operates as follows: Table 11. Device Address Selection 1. A0 Pin Connection GND VLOGIC (VDD on LFCSP Package) The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 support standard (100 kHz) and fast (400 kHz) data transfer modes. Support is not provided for 10-bit addressing and general call addressing. 3. 1 9 I2C Address 1001100 1001110 A0 0 1 WRITE OPERATION When writing to the AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693, the user must begin with a start condition followed by an address byte (R/W = 0), after which the DAC acknowledges that it is prepared to receive data by pulling SDA low, as shown in Figure 47. The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 require a command byte that controls various DAC functions (see Table 12) and two bytes of data for the DAC. All these data bytes are acknowledged by the AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693. A stop condition follows. The write sequence is shown in Figure 47. 1 9 SCL 1 SDA 0 0 1 1 A0 START BY MASTER 0 R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 SDA (CONTINUED) DB3 DB2 9 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB0 FRAME 2 COMMAND BYTE 1 DB7 DB1 ACK BY AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 FRAME 1 SLAVE ADDRESS SCL (CONTINUED) DB4 ACK BY AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 1 DB7 9 DB6 ACK BY AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 FRAME 3 DATA HIGH BYTE Figure 47. I2C Write Operation Rev. C | Page 20 of 26 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 ACK BY STOP BY AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 MASTER FRAME 4 DATA LOW BYTE 12077-047 2. The master initiates data transfer by establishing a start condition when a high-to-low transition on the SDA line occurs while SCL is high. The following byte is the address byte, which consists of the 7-bit slave address. The slave address corresponding to the transmitted address responds by pulling SDA low during the 9th clock pulse (this is called the acknowledge (ACK) bit). At this stage, all other devices on the bus remain idle while the selected device waits for data to be written to, or read from, its shift register. Data is transmitted over the serial bus in sequences of nine clock pulses (eight data bits followed by an acknowledge bit). The transitions on the SDA line must occur during the low period of SCL and remain stable during the high period of SCL. When all data bits have been read or written, a stop condition is established. In write mode, the master pulls the SDA line high during the 10th clock pulse to establish a stop condition. In read mode, the master issues a no acknowledge for the ninth clock pulse (that is, the SDA line remains high). The master then brings the SDA line low before the 10th clock pulse, and then high during the 10th clock pulse to establish a stop condition. Data Sheet AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Table 12. Command Table1 Command Byte DB5 DB4 0 0 0 1 1 0 DB7 0 0 0 DB6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 2 3 [DB3:DB0] XXXX XXXX XXXX Data High Byte [DB7:DB3] [DB2:DB0] XXXXX XXX DB15:DB11 DB10:DB8 XXXXX XXX [DB7:DB4] XXXX DB7:DB4 XXXX Data Low Byte DB3 DB2 DB1 X X X DB32 DB22 DB12, 3 X X X 1 XXXX DB15:DB11 DB10:DB8 DB7:DB4 DB32 DB22 DB12, 3 DB02, 3 0 XXXX DB15:DB11 000 0000 0 0 0 0 DB0 DB02, 3 X Operation NOP: do nothing. Write input register. Update DAC register (LDAC software). Write DAC and input registers. Write control register. X is don’t care. This bit is a don’t care for the AD5691R. This bit is a don’t care for the AD5692R. Write Input Register REF Bit The input register allows the preloading of a new value for the DAC register. The transfer from the input register to the DAC register can be triggered by hardware, the LDAC pin, or by software using Command 2. In the AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R only, the on-chip reference is on at power-up by default. This reference can be turned on or off by setting a software programmable bit, DB12, in the control register. Table 15 shows how the state of the bit corresponds to the mode of operation. If new data is loaded into the DAC register, the DAC register automatically overwrites the input register. Update DAC Register This command transfers the contents of the input register to the DAC register and, consequently, the VOUT pin is updated. The data contained in the serial write is ignored. This operation is equivalent to a software LDAC. Write DAC Register Write Control Register The control register is used to set the power-down and gain functions. It is also used to enable/disable the internal reference and perform a software reset. See Table 13 for the control register functionality. Table 13. Control Register Bits D14 PD1 Table 15. Reference Bit REF 0 1 D13 PD0 D12 REF The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 contain two separate modes of operation that are accessed by writing to the control register. In normal mode, the output buffer is directly connected to the VOUT pin. In power-down mode, the output buffer is internally disabled and the VOUT pin output impedance can be selected to a well known value, as shown in Table 16. Table 16. Operation Modes D11 Gain Gain Bit The gain bit selects the gain of the output amplifier. Table 14 shows how the output voltage range corresponds to the state of the gain bit. Operating Mode Normal Mode Power-Down Modes 1 kΩ Output Impedance 100 kΩ Output Impedance Three-State Output Impedance Table 14. Gain Bit Gain 0 1 Reference Function Reference enabled (default) Reference disabled PD0 and PD1 Bits This command updates the DAC output on completion of the write operation. The input register is refreshed automatically with the DAC register value. D15 Reset To reduce the power consumption, it is recommended to disable the internal reference if the device is placed in power-down mode. Output Voltage Range 0 V to VREF (default) 0 V to 2 × VREF Rev. C | Page 21 of 26 PD1 0 PD0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Data Sheet Reset Bit In power-down mode, the device disables the output buffer but does not disable the internal reference. To achieve maximum power savings, it is recommended to disable the internal reference. The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 control register contains a software reset bit that resets the DAC to zero-scale and resets the input, DAC, and control registers to their default values. A software reset is initiated by setting the RESET bit in the control register to 1. When the software reset has completed, the reset bit is cleared to 0 automatically. Disabling both the internal reference and the output buffer results in the supply current falling to 2 μA at 5 V. The output stage is shown in Figure 48. READ OPERATION AMPLIFIER VOUT POWER-DOWN CIRCUITRY RESISTOR NETWORK When reading the input register back from the AD5693R/ AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 DACs, the user begins with an address byte (R/W = 1), after which the DAC acknowledges that it is prepared to receive data by pulling SDA low. Two bytes of data containing the contents of the input register are then read from the DAC, as shown in Figure 49. A NACK condition from the master followed by a STOP condition completes the read sequence. 12077-048 DAC Figure 48. Output Stage During Power-Down The output amplifier is shut down when the power-down mode is activated. However, unless the internal reference is powered down (using Bit DB12 in the control register), the bias generator, reference, and resistor string remain on. The supply current falls to 2 μA at 5 V. The contents of the DAC register are unaffected when in power-down mode, and the DAC register can continue to be updated. The time that is required to exit powerdown is typically 4 μs for VDD = 5 V, or 600 μs if the reference is disabled. 1 9 1 9 SCL 0 START BY MASTER SCL (CONTINUED) SDA (CONTINUED) 0 1 1 A0 0 R/W DB7 FRAME 1 SLAVE ADDRESS DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 ACK BY AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 FRAME 2 COMMAND BYTE 1 DB7 DB6 ACK BY AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 9 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 FRAME 3 DATA HIGH BYTE DB1 DB0 NACK BY STOP BY MASTER MASTER Figure 49. I2C Read Operation Rev. C | Page 22 of 26 12077-049 1 SDA Data Sheet AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 LOAD DAC (HARDWARE LDAC PIN) THERMAL HYSTERESIS The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 DAC has a double buffered interface consisting of an input register and a DAC register. The LDAC pin transfers data from the input register to the DAC register, and the output is updated. Thermal hysteresis is the voltage difference induced on the reference voltage by sweeping the temperature from ambient to cold, to hot, and then back to ambient. If the LDAC pin is held low while the input register is written, the DAC register, input register, and output are updated on the last SCL falling edge before the ACK bit, as shown in Figure 4. Asynchronous DAC Update The thermal hysteresis data is shown in Figure 50. It is measured by sweeping the temperature from ambient to −40°C, then to +105°C, and finally returning to ambient. The VREF delta is measured between the two ambient measurements; the result is shown in solid lines in Figure 50. The same temperature sweep and measurements were immediately repeated; the results are shown in dashed lines in Figure 50. LDAC is held high while data is transmitted to the device. The DAC output is updated by taking LDAC low after the stop condition has been generated. The output DAC is updated on the falling edge of the LDAC pin. If LDAC is pulsed while the device is accessed, the pulse is ignored. 6 FIRST TEMPERATURE SWEEP SUBSEQUENT SWEEPS NUMBER OF HITS 5 HARDWARE RESET RESET is an active low signal that resets the DAC output to zeroscale and sets the input, DAC, and control registers to their default values. It is necessary to keep RESET low for 75 ns to complete the operation. When the RESET signal is returned high, the output remains at zero scale until a new value is programmed. While the RESET pin is low, the AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/ AD5693 ignore any new command. If the RESET pin is held low at power-up, the internal reference is not initialized correctly until the RESET pin is released. 4 3 2 1 0 –100 –80 –60 –40 –20 0 20 DISTORTION (ppm) 40 60 12077-051 Synchronous DAC Update Figure 50. Thermal Hysteresis POWER-UP SEQUENCE Because diodes limit the voltage compliance at the digital pins and analog pins, it is important to power GND first before applying any voltage to VDD, VOUT, and VLOGIC. Otherwise, the diode is forward-biased such that VDD is powered unintentionally. The ideal power-up sequence is GND, VDD, VLOGIC, VREF, followed by the digital inputs. Rev. C | Page 23 of 26 AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Data Sheet The AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 use a 5 V (VDD) supply as well as a digital logic supply (VLOGIC). The analog and digital supplies required for the AD5693R/ AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 can be generated using Analog Devices, Inc., low dropout (LDO) regulators such as the ADP7118 and the ADP162, respectively, for analog and digital supplies. LAYOUT GUIDELINES In any circuit where accuracy is important, careful consideration of the power supply and ground return layout helps to ensure the rated performance. Design the printed circuit board (PCB) on which the ADCs are mounted such that the AD5693R/AD5692R/ AD5691R/AD5693 lie on the analog plane. In systems where many devices are on one board, it is often useful to provide some heat sinking capability to allow the power to dissipate easily. The LFCSP package of the AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/ AD5693 has an exposed pad beneath the device. Connect this pad to the GND supply of the device. For optimum performance, use special consideration when designing the motherboard and mounting the package. For enhanced thermal, electrical, and board level performance, solder the exposed pad on the bottom of the package to the corresponding thermal land pad on the PCB. Design thermal vias into the PCB land pad area to further improve heat dissipation. The GND plane on the device can be increased (as shown in Figure 51) to provide a natural heat sinking effect. Ensure that the AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 have ample supply bypassing of 10 μF, in parallel with a 0.1 μF capacitor on each supply that is located as near the package as possible (ideally, right up against the device). The 10 μF capacitors are of the tantalum bead type. Ensure that the 0.1 μF capacitor has low effective series resistance (ESR) and low effective series inductance (ESI), such as the common ceramic types, which provide a low impedance path to ground at high frequencies to handle transient currents due to internal logic switching. AD5693R/ AD5692R/ AD5691R/ AD5693 GND PLANE BOARD Figure 51. Pad Connection to Board Rev. C | Page 24 of 26 12077-052 RECOMMENDED REGULATOR Data Sheet AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 1.70 1.60 1.50 2.10 2.00 SQ 1.90 0.50 BSC 8 5 PIN 1 INDEX AREA 1.10 1.00 0.90 EXPOSED PAD 0.425 0.350 0.275 4 TOP VIEW FOR PROPER CONNECTION OF THE EXPOSED PAD, REFER TO THE PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS SECTION OF THIS DATA SHEET. 0.05 MAX 0.02 NOM 0.30 0.25 0.20 PIN 1 INDICATOR (R 0.15) 01-14-2013-C SEATING PLANE 1 BOTTOM VIEW 0.60 0.55 0.50 0.15 REF 0.20 REF Figure 52. 8-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_UD] 2.00 mm × 2.00 mm Body, Ultra Thin, Dual Lead (CP-8-10) Dimensions shown in millimeters 3.10 3.00 2.90 3.10 3.00 2.90 10 1 5.15 4.90 4.65 6 5 PIN 1 IDENTIFIER 0.50 BSC 0.95 0.85 0.75 15° MAX 1.10 MAX 0.30 0.15 6° 0° 0.23 0.13 COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-187-BA Figure 53. 10-Lead Mini Small Outline Package [MSOP] (RM-10) Dimensions shown in millimeters Rev. C | Page 25 of 26 0.70 0.55 0.40 091709-A 0.15 0.05 COPLANARITY 0.10 AD5693R/AD5692R/AD5691R/AD5693 Data Sheet ORDERING GUIDE Model1 AD5693RACPZ-RL7 AD5693RACPZ-1RL7 AD5693RARMZ AD5693RARMZ-RL7 AD5693RBCPZ-2RL7 AD5693RBRMZ AD5693RBRMZ-RL7 AD5693BCPZ-RL7 LDAC Temperature Range −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C Performance A Grade A Grade A Grade A Grade B Grade B Grade B Grade B Grade Package Description 8-Lead LFCSP_UD 8-Lead LFCSP_UD 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 8-Lead LFCSP_UD 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 8-Lead LFCSP_UD Package Option CP-8-10 CP-8-10 RM-10 RM-10 CP-8-10 RM-10 RM-10 CP-8-10 Branding AB AC DJU DJU AD DJV DJV AA 14 LDAC −40°C to +105°C A Grade 8-Lead LFCSP_UD CP-8-10 4M 12 12 12 12 VLOGIC LDAC −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C A Grade B Grade B Grade B Grade 8-Lead LFCSP_UD 8-Lead LFCSP_UD 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP Evaluation Board CP-8-10 CP-8-10 RM-10 RM-10 5W 6M DK2 DK2 Resolution (Bits) 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 Pinout LDAC VLOGIC AD5692RACPZ-RL7 AD5691RACPZ-1RL7 AD5691RBCPZ-RL7 AD5691RBRMZ AD5691RBRMZ-RL7 EVAL-AD5693RSDZ 1 RESET Z = RoHS Compliant Part. I2C refers to a communications protocol originally developed by Philips Semiconductors (now NXP Semiconductors). ©2014–2016 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D12077-0-5/16(C) Rev. C | Page 26 of 26