AN46982 PLL Considerations in QDR - II/II+/DDR-II/II+ SRAMs.pdf

AN46982
PLL Considerations in QDR®-II/II+/DDR-II/II+ SRAMs
Author: Pritesh Mandaliya
Associated Project: No
Associated Part Family: CY7C1*KV18, CY7C2*KV18
Software Version: N/A
Related Application Notes: None
To get the latest version of this application note, or the associated project file, please
visit http://www.cypress.com/go/AN46982.
AN46982 provides an overview of the operation of QDR-II/II+/DDR-II/II+ SRAMs in PLL disabled mode.
1
Introduction
QDR SRAM family of devices has a phase-locked loop (PLL) within the device to synchronize the output data to the
input clocks thereby enabling the device to operate at higher frequencies.
QDR-II/II+/DDR-II/II+ devices can be operated with PLL enabled or PLL disabled. This application note provides an
overview of the operation of the device when the PLL is disabled.
2
Overview of PLL in QDR-II/QDR-II+ DDR-II/DDR-II+ SRAMs
A PLL is implemented on QDR-II/II+ DDR-II/II+ SRAMs with the purpose of placing the output data coincident with the
rising edge of C and (input clocks for output data), or K and when in single clock mode. The first piece of data
begins to output a half clock cycle later than the first generation QDR. Figure 1 shows this scenario for a read
operation. Write operation is unaffected by the presence of PLL.
Figure 1. QDR-I and QDR-II Output Data
K
/K
/RPS
A
A
tco
Q(QDR I)
Q(A)
Q(A)+1
Q(A)+2
Q(A)+3
tco
Q(QDR II)
Q(A)
Q(A)+1
Q(A)+2
Q(A)+3
Latency of ½ cycle
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Document No. 001-46982 Rev. *F
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®
PLL Considerations in QDR -II/II+/DDR-II/II+ SRAMs
As illustrated in Figure 1 the tCO for QDR-II is very small compared to the tCO on QDR-I.
When
signal is tied HIGH, PLL is enabled. In this mode the QDRII device operates with a read latency of 1.5
clock cycles (see Figure 1). When PLL is locked to a specific frequency in the range 120 MHz to the specified
maximum clock frequency, the entire timings specific to the designated frequency of the part are valid. These timings
are guaranteed by design. Figure 2 shows the scenario during power-up sequence with PLL enabled.
System designers typically operate the QDR-II/II+/DDR-II/II+ devices in PLL disabled mode in the following scenarios:
1.
At operating frequencies below 120 MHz
2.
During power up sequence [1]
3.
Debug mode when full operational speed of SRAM is not required
During the initial design, it is natural to run the system at lower frequencies, which makes the data capturing easy.
There is a constraint on the lower end of the frequency at which the PLL can operate, which is 120 MHz. To operate
the system below this frequency, PLL is bypassed by strapping the
signal LOW.
In this mode, the read latency for QDR-II/II+/DDR-II/II+ devices is 1.0 clock cycle(see Figure-1) and the timings are
guaranteed by design but not tested.
Figure 3 shows the scenario during power-up sequence with PLL disabled. Normal operation can be started early in
this case.
Figure 2. Power-Up Waveforms for Frequency Greater Than 120 MHz (PLL Enabled)
K
/K
Unstable Clock
1
VDD/VDDQ
VDD/VDDQ Stable
/DOFF
Fix High (or tie to VDDQ)
Refer to the knowledge base article link for
www.cypress.com
Stable Clock
Start Normal
Operation
control input power-up sequence: http://www.cypress.com/?id=4&rID=40999
Document No. 001-46982 Rev.*F
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®
PLL Considerations in QDR -II/II+/DDR-II/II+ SRAMs
Figure 3. Power-Up Waveforms for Frequency Less Than 120 MHz (PLL Disabled)
K
/K
Start Normal
Operation
VDD/VDDQ
VDD/VDDQ Stable
/DOFF
Table-1 shows the timings when the PLL is disabled.
Table-1. Timing Parameters in PLL Disabled Mode [2, 3]
167 MHz
Parameter
Description
Min
Max
Unit
Timings Pertaining to Clock
tCYC
K Clock and C Clock Cycle Time
6.0
8.4
ns
tKH
Input Clock (K/ and C/ ) HIGH
2.4
-
ns
tKL
Input Clock (K/ and C/ ) LOW
2.4
-
ns
tKHKH
K/ Clock rise to
2.7
-
ns
tKHCH
K/ Clock rise to C/C clock rise (rising edge to rising edge)
0.0
3.55
ns
-
0.2
ns
20
-
µs
0.7
-
ns
0.7
-
ns
0.7
-
ns
0.7
-
ns
0.7
-
ns
0.7
-
ns
0.7
-
ns
0.7
-
ns
-
0.40
ns
tKC
/K Clock rise and C/ to C/ rise (rising edge to rising edge)
Clock Phase Jitter (K, , C, )
tKC lock
PLL lock time (K, C)
Setup times
tSA
Address Setup to K Clock Rise
tSC
Control Setup to K Clock Rise (
tSCDDR
, R/ )
DDR Control Setup to Clock (K/ ) Rise (
tSD
0,
1,
)
2,
3
Data Setup to Clock (K/ ) Rise
Hold times
tHA
Address Hold to K Clock Rise
tHC
Control Hold to K Clock Rise (
tHCDDR
, R/ )
DDR Control Hold to Clock (K/ ) Rise (
tHD
Data Hold to Clock (K/ ) Rise
tCQD
Echo clock high to data change
2
3
0,
1,
2,
)
3
These parameters are only guaranteed by design and are not tested in production.
The C and input clocks and dual clock mode are applicable only to the QDR-II/DDR-II SRAMs and not for the QDR-II+/DDR-II+ SRAMs.
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Document No. 001-46982 Rev.*F
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®
PLL Considerations in QDR -II/II+/DDR-II/II+ SRAMs
167 MHz
Parameter
Description
Unit
Min
Max
Echo clock high to data change
–0.40
-
ns
tCLZ
Clock (C and ) rise to Low-Z
–0.50
-
ns
tCHZ
Clock (C and ) rise to High-Z (Active to High-Z)
-
0.50
ns
-
3.0
ns
1.2
-
ns
tCQDOH
Output Timings when the PLL is Bypassed
3
tCO
C/ Clock rise (or K/ in single clock mode) to Data Valid
tDOH
Data Output Hold After Output C/ clock Rise (Active to Active)
tCCQO
C/C Clock rise to echo clock valid
-
3.0
ns
0.5
-
ns
Echo clock high to data change
-
0.40
ns
Echo clock high to data change
–0.40
-
ns
0.5
-
ns
-
3.0
ns
tCQOH
Echo clock hold after C/ Clock rise
tCQD
tCQDOH
tCLZ
Clock (C and ) rise to Low-Z
tCHZ
Clock (C and ) rise to High-Z (Active to High-Z)
Summary
This application note outlines the operation of QDR-II/II+/DDR-II/II+ SRAMs specifically when the PLL is disabled.
Please note that the timing parameters values are guaranteed only by design and not tested.
About the Author
Name:
Pritesh Mandaliya.
Title:
Applications Engineer Sr
www.cypress.com
Document No. 001-46982 Rev.*F
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PLL Considerations in QDR -II/II+/DDR-II/II+ SRAMs
Document History
Document Title: AN46982 - PLL Considerations in QDR®-II/II+/DDR-II/II+ SRAMs
Document Number: 001-46982
Revision
ECN
Orig. of
Change
Submission
Date
Description of Change
**
2521141
NJY /
AESA
06/25/2008
New Spec.
*A
3285879
OSN
06/17/2011
No technical updates.
*B
3339963
DSG
08/08/2011
No technical updates.
Release to web.
*C
3667953
PRIT
07/09/2012
No technical updates.
Completing Sunset Review.
*D
3734403
PRIT
09/12/2012
Updated Abstract.
Updated Introduction.
Removed “Overview of PLL in QDRII/II+DDRII/II+ SRAMs”.
Removed “PLL Timings when Enabled and Disabled”.
Removed “PLL Constraints”.
Added “PLL disabled mode”.
Updated Summary.
*E
4484246
DEVM
08/28/2014
Removed “PLL disabled mode”.
Added “Overview of PLL in QDR-II/QDR-II+ DDR-II/DDR-II+ SRAMs”.
*F
4812440
PRIT
06/26/2015
Updated to new template.
Completing Sunset Review.
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Document No. 001-46982 Rev.*F
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®
PLL Considerations in QDR -II/II+/DDR-II/II+ SRAMs
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Document No. 001-46982 Rev.*F
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