Features • • • • • • • • • • • • • 4-bit HARVARD Architecture 4 k ´ 8-bit Application ROM 256 ´ 4-bit RAM 32 ´ 16-bit EEPROM 10 Bi-directional I/Os 4 External Interrupt Inputs (SSO20) 8 Interrupt Levels 2 ´ 8-bit Multifunction Timer/Counter Interval Timer with Watchdog Two-Wire Interface (TWI) Voltage Supervisor On-chip RC Oscillator On-chip Crystal Oscillator Benefits • • • • • • • • • Contactless Power Supply and Communication Interface Power Management for Contactless and Battery Power Supply Shift-register-supported Modulator and Demodulator Stages Low Power Consumption Active Mode < 300 µA at 2 V and 1 MHz System Clock Frequency (2 µs Instruction Cycle) Power-down Mode < 1 µA Supply Voltage 2.0 V to 6.5 V High-level Language Programming in qFORTH Operating Speed: 1 µs to 10 µs Instruction Cycle (2 µs at VDD = 2 V) Microcontroller with Transponder Interface U9280M-H Preliminary Description The U9280M-H IC is a multi-chip module for remote control and contactless ID systems. It consists of the ATAR092 microcontroller and U3280M transponder interface circuit with EEPROM. A coil connected to the transponder interface serves as a wireless bi-directional communication interface as well as a power supply for the microcontroller and the interface. As a transponder, the device is supplied by a magnetic RF field applied at the coil. For IR- or RF-transmitter applications, it can be supplied by a battery. The microcontroller supports, with its built-in timers, a wide range of IR- and RF-transmission modes such as burst-modulation modes, PWM-, NRZ-, Manchester- and Bi-phase coding. Rev. 4591A–RFID–03/03 1 Figure 1. Block Diagram C OSC2 VBATT ATAR092 microcontroller U9280M-H transponder interface Power management Damping stage Reset voltage monitor Field/GAP detect ROM COIL1 OSC1/ROSC VDD 512-bit EEPROM memory Oscillators clock management BP50/INT6 RAM 4-bit CPU core BP53/INT1 Timer/ counter BP23 Rectifier BP20/NTE MCL COIL2 Clock extractor Serial interface ³1 BP60/T3O Modulator/ demodulator Serial interface Biphase modulator BP63/T3I I/O-Ports VSS BP40/ SC/INT3 MOD FC NGAP BP43/ SD/INT3 BP42/ T2O BP41/ VMI/ T2I Pin Configuration Figure 2. Pinning SSO20 COIL1 1 20 NGAP COIL2 2 19 MOD VBATT 3 18 FC VDD 4 17 VSS BP40/SC/INT3 5 16 BP43/SD/INT3 BP53/INT1 6 15 BP42/T2O BP50/INT6 7 14 BP41/VMI OSC1/ROSC 8 13 BP23 OSC2 9 12 BP20/NTE 10 11 BP63/T3I/INT5 BP60/T3O 2 U9280M-H U9280M-H 4591A–RFID–03/03 U9280M-H Pin Description Pin Symbol Function 1 COIL1 Coil input 1, Pin to connect an LC antenna for communication and field supply 2 COIL2 Coil input 2, Pin to connect an LC antenna for communication and field supply 3 VBATT Power-supply voltage input to connect a battery Power-supply voltage for the microcontroller and EEPROM. At this pin a capacitor (0.5 µF to 10 µF) must be connected to buffer the voltage during field supply and to block the VDD of the microcontroller. 4 VDD 5 BP40/SC/INT3 6 BP53/INT3 I/O-port line/INT3 interrupt input (falling or rising edge sensitive) 7 BP50/INT6 I/O-port line/INT6 interrupt input (falling or rising edge sensitive) 8 OSC1/ROSC 9 OSC2 10 BP60/T3O 11 BP63/T3I/INT5 12 BP20/NTE 13 BP23 14 BP41/VMI I/O-port line/Voltage monitor input/Timer 2 input 15 BP42/T2O I/O-port line/Timer 2 output/modulator output 16 BP43/SD/INT3 17 VSS 18 FC 19 MOD Modulation input - front end. Must be connected to the modulator output T2O. 20 NGAP Gap detect output - front end. Must be connected to the demodulator input T3I. I/O-port line/serial clock line/INT3 input (falling edge sensitive) Oscillator- or external system-clock input/input for RC-oscillator resistor Oscillator output Bi-directional I/O-line/Timer 3 output/modulator output I/O-port line/INT5 interrupt input/Timer 3 input/demodulator input BP20-I/O-port line/test mode input. This input is used to control the test modes. During POR it must not be connected with a low impedance to VDD. I/O-port line I/O-port line/serial data line/INT3 input (falling edge sensitive) Circuit ground Field clock output of the clock extractor 3 4591A–RFID–03/03 Functional Description The U9280M-H multi-chip module contains a microcontroller and a transponder IC mounted in a single package. Everything necessary for remote control and wireless identifcation systems is integrated: Inputs to connect keys, outputs to control an IR- or RF transmitter and to drive indicator LEDs, an EEPROM to store key code and identifiers, and an interface for contactless communication and a power supply. The U3280M is a transponder interface consisting of an analog front end for contactless data communication and power supply, and a serial 512-bit EEPROM. In addition, it includes power management to switch the battery or magnetic-field power supply. For modulation and demodulation of the magnetic field, the device has input and output pins to connect the microcontroller. The MOD, NGAP and FC Pins can be connected externally to the modulator, demodulator and timer I/O pins of the microcontroller. Access to the EEPROM is possible via a two-wire serial interface. The ATAR092 microcontrollers are equipped with compatible two-wire serial interface to communicate with the U3280M. In the U9280M-H the serial interfaces of the transponder interface and the microcontroller are linked internally. ATAR092 The ATAR092 microcontroller is a member of the Atmel’s 4-bit single-chip microcontroller family. It is especially designed for remote-control applications. It consists of an advanced stack-based 4-bit CPU core with 4 K ROM, 256 nibble of RAM and on-chip peripherals. The CPU is based on the HARVARD architecture and contains an interrupt controller with 8 prioritized interrupt levels. The peripherals include parallel I/O ports, two 8-bit programmable multifunction timer/counters, a two-wire serial interface, an interval timer with watchdog function and a voltage supervisor. The serial interface supports, together with the timers, a modulator and demodulator stage for Manchester, Bi-phase and pulse-width modulation and demodulation. The integrated clock generator contains a RC-, a 32-kHz crystal, a 4-MHz crystal oscillator and a programmable input to use an external clock. Note: 4 In the U9280M-H not all I/O pins of the ATAR092 are available (see “Pin Description”). The microcontroller is fully described in the MARC4 ATAR092 data sheet. U9280M-H 4591A–RFID–03/03 U9280M-H Figure 3. Block Diagram ATAR092 V SS V DD OSC1 OSC2 Brown-out protect RESET Voltage monitor External input RC Crystal External oscillators oscillators clock input UTCM Clock management Timer 1 interval- and watchdog timer VMI ROM BP10 Port 1 RAM 4 K x 8-bit BP13 Timer 2 8/12-bit timer with modulator 256 x 4 bit SD BP22 BP23 Port 2 BP21 Data direction SSI BP20/NTE MARC4 Serial interface 4-bit CPU core Timer 3 8-bit timer / counter with modulator and demodulator I/O bus Data direction + alternate function Port 4 Data direction + interrupt control Data dir. + alt. function Port 5 Port 6 BP50 BP52 BP40 BP42 INT3 T2O BP43 INT6 INT1 SC BP41 BP53 BP51 INT3 VMI INT6 INT1 SD T2I The U3280M Transponder Interface T2I T2O SC T3O T3I BP60 BP63 T3O T3I The transponder interface contains a rectifier stage to rectify the AC from the coil inputs and to supply itself and an additional microcontroller device with power from an LC-resonant circuit at the coil inputs. It is also possible to supply the device via the VBatt -input with DC from a battery. The built-in power management switches automatically between battery supply (VBatt pin) and coil supply. It switches to coil supply if a field is applied at the coil and switches back to battery if the field is removed. The voltage from the coil or the VBatt pin is output at the VDD pin to supply the microcontroller device. At the VDD pin a capacitor must be connected to smooth and buffer the supply voltage for the transponder interface and the microcontroller. This capacitor is also used to buffer the supply voltage during communication (damping and gaps in the field). For communication, a damping-stage and a gap-detect circuitry is on the chip. By means of the damping stage the coil voltage can be modulated to transmit data via the field. It can be controlled with the modulator input (MOD pin) via the microcontroller. The gap detection circuitry detects gaps in the field and outputs the gap/field signal at the gap detect output (NGAP pin). It can be used to receive data via a modulated field and to check if a field is applied at the coil. For the storage of data such as key codes, identifiers and configuration bits, a 512-bit EEPROM is available on the chip. It can be read and written to by the microcontroller via a TWI-compatible two-wire serial interface. The serial interface, the EEPROM and the microcontroller are supplied with the voltage at the VDD pin. That means the microcontroller can read and write to the EEPROM if the supply voltage is in the operating range. 5 4591A–RFID–03/03 The U3280M contains additional operating modes to support a wide range of applications. These modes can be controlled via the serial interface. The power management can be switched off by software to disable the automatic switching between battery and field. This supports applications with battery supply only. There is an on-chip Bi-phase and Manchester modulator. It can be selected and controlled via the serial interface with a special mode control byte. If this modulator is used the external connection to the modulator input is not necessary. Modulation The transponder interface can modulate the magnetic field by a modulator to transmit data to a base station. It modulates the coil voltage by varying the coil‘s load. The modulator can be controlled via the MOD pin. A high level 1 increases the current into the coil inputs and damps the coil voltage. A low level 0 decreases the current and increases the coil voltage. The modulator generates a voltage stroke of about 2 Vpp at the coil. A high level at the MOD input makes the maximum of the field energy available at VDD. During a reset a high level at the MOD input causes the optimum conditions for starting the device and charging the capacitor at VDD after the field is applied at the coil. Digital Input to Control the Damping Stage (MOD) Mod = 0: coil undamped V COIL_peak = V DD ´ 2 + V CMS = V CU Mod = 1: coil damped V COIL_peak = V DD ´ 2 = V CD VCMS = VCID: modulation voltage stroke at coil inputs Note: If the automatic power management is disabled the internal front end VDD is limited at VDDC. In this case the value VDDC must be used in the formula above. Field Clock The field clock extractor of the interface makes the field clock available for the microcontroller. It can be used to supply timer inputs to synchronize modulation and demodulation with the field clock. Gap Detect The transponder interface can also receive data. The base station modulates the data with short gaps in the field. The gap-detection circuit detects these gaps in the magnetic field and outputs the gap/field signal at the NGAP pin. A high level indicates that a field is applied at the coil and a low level indicates a gap or that the field is off. The microcontroller must demodulate the incoming data stream at one of its inputs. Digital Output of the Gap Detection Stage (NGAP) NGAP = 0: gap detected/no field VCOIL_peak = VFDOFF NGAP = 1: field detected VCOIL_peak = VFDON Note: 6 No amplifier is used in the gap detection stage. A digital Schmitt trigger evaluates the rectified and smoothed coil voltage. U9280M-H 4591A–RFID–03/03 U9280M-H Wake-up Signal If a field is applied at the coil of the transponder interface the microcontroller can be woken up with the wake signal at the NGAP pin. For that purpose the NGAP pin must be connected to an interrupt input of the microcontroller. A high level at the NGAP output indicates an applied field and can be used as a wake signal for the microcontroller via an interrupt. If no battery voltage is available at VBatt the controller starts with a poweron-reset after the voltage of the buffer capacitor at VDD is loaded by the field above the power-on-reset level. The wake signal is generated if the power management switches to field supply. The field detection stage of the power management has low-pass characteristics to avoid the generation of wake signals and unnecessary switching between battery and field supply in case of interferences at the coil inputs. U3280M Signals and Timing Figure 4. Modulation MOD VCU V CMS VCD Coil inputs Figure 5. Gap Detection and Battery to Field Switching t FGAP1 t FGAP1 t FGAP0 t FGAP0 VFDON VFDON V V FDOFF FDOFF Coil inputs Coil inputs 1. edge used as 1. edge used assignal wakeup signal wakeup NGAP NGAP Field clock FC Field clock FC Power management Power management Power Supply Battery supply Battery supply Battery Battery supply t BFS t BFS supply Coil supply if automatically power management is enabled Coil supply if automatically power management is enabled tFBS t FBS The U3280M has a power management that handles two power-supply sources. Normally, the IC is supplied by a battery at the VBatt pin. If a magnetic field is applied at the LC-resonant circuit of the device the field detection circuit switches from VBatt to field supply. During field supply the VDD voltage is limitted to 3 V. The VDD pin is used to connect a capacitor to smooth the voltage from the rectifier and to buffer the power when the field is modulated by gaps and damping. The EEPROM and the microcontroller always operate with the voltage at the VDD pin. 7 4591A–RFID–03/03 Automatic Power Management There are different conditions to switch from the battery to field generated voltage and vice versa. Figure 6. Switch Conditions for Power Management VCoil < VFDON for t > tFBS Battery supply (VBatt) Field supply VCoil < VFDOFF for t > tFBS The power management switches automatically from battery to field if the rectified voltage (Vcoil) from the coil inputs becomes higher than field-on-detection voltage (VFDON) even if no battery voltage is available (0 < VBatt < 1.8 V). It switches back to battery if the coil voltage becomes lower than the field-off-detection voltage (VFDOFF). The field-detection stage of the power management has low-pass characteristics to suppress noise. An applied field needs a time delay tBFS (battery-to-field switch delay) to change the power supply. If the field is removed from the coil the power management will generate a reset of the microcontroller. Controlling Power Management via the Serial Interface The automatic mode of the power management can be switched off and on by a command from the microcontroller. If the automatic mode is switched off the IC is always supplied by the battery up to the next power-on reset or to a switch-on command. The power management-on and -off command must be transferred via the serial interface. If the power management is switched off and the device is supplied from the battery it can communicate via the field without loading the field. This mode can be used to realize applications with a battery supply if the available field is too weak to supply the IC with power. Buffer Capacitor CB The buffer capacitor connected at VDD is used to buffer the supply voltage for the microcontroller and the EEPROM during field supply. It smooths the rectified AC from the coil and buffers the supply voltage during modulation and gaps in the field. The size of this capacitor depends on the application. It must be of a dimension so that during modulation and gaps the ripple on the supply voltage is in the range of 100 to 300 mV. During gaps and damping the capacitor is used to supply the device, that means the size of the capacitor depends on the length of the gaps and damping cycles. Example: For a supply current of 350 µA, 200 mV ripple at VDD Table 1. Buffer Capacitor Time with no Field Supply 8 Necessary CB 250 µs 470 nF 500 µs 1000 nF U9280M-H 4591A–RFID–03/03 U9280M-H Serial Interface The transponder interface has an serial interface to the microcontroller for read and write accesses to the EEPROM. In a special mode the serial interface can also be used to control the Bi-phase/Manchester modulator or the power management of the U3280M. The serial interface of the U3280M device must be controlled by a master device (normally the ATAR09x microcontroller) which generates the serial clock and controls the access via the SCL- and SDA-line. SCL is used to clock the data in and out of the device. SDA is a bi-directional line used to transfer data into and out of the device. The following protocol is used for data transfers. Serial Protocol • Data states on the SDA line changing only while SCL is low. • Changes in the SDA line while SCL is high will be interpreted as a START or STOP condition. • A START condition is defined as a high-to-low transition on the SDA-line while the SCL-line is high. • A STOP condition is defined as a low-to-high transition on the SDA-line while the SCL-line is high. • Each data transfer must be initialized with a START condition and terminated with a STOP condition. The START condition wakes the device from standby mode and the STOP condition returns the device to stand-by mode. • A receiving device generates an acknowledge (A) after the reception of each byte. For that the master device must generate an extra clock pulse. If the reception was successful the receiving master or slave device pulls down the SDA-line during that clock cycle. If in transmit mode an acknowledge is not detected (N) by the interface, it will terminate further data transmissions and will go into receive mode. A master device must finish its read operation by a Not-acknowledge and then issue a stop condition to place the device into a known state. Figure 7. Serial Protocol SCL SDA Stand- Start by condition Data valid Data/ Data change acknowledge valid Stop Standcondition by 9 4591A–RFID–03/03 Control Byte Format EEPROM address Start A4 A3 A2 Mode control bits A1 A0 C1 C0 Read/Write R/W Ackn The control byte follows the start condition and consists of the 5-bit row address, 2 mode control bits and the read/not writebit. Data Transfer Sequence Start Control byte Ackn. Data byte Ackn. Data byte Ackn. Stop • Before the START condition and after the STOP condition the device is in standby mode and the SDA-line is switched to input with a pull-up resistor. • The START condition follows a control byte that determines the following operation. Bit 0 of the control byte is used to control the following transfer direction. A 0 defines a write access and a 1 a read access. EEPROM The EEPROM has a size of 512 bits and is organized as a 32 ´ 16-bit matrix. To read and write data to and from the EEPROM the serial interface must be used. The interface supports one and two byte write accesses and one to n-byte read accesses to the EEPROM. Operating Modes The operating modes of the EEPROM are defined via the control byte. The control byte contains the row address, the mode control bits and the read/write bit that is used to control the direction of the following transfer. A 0 defines a write access and a 1 a read access. The five address bits select one of the 32 rows of the EEPROM memory to be accessed. For all accesses the complete 16-bit word of the selected row is loaded into a buffer. The buffer must be read or overwritten via the serial interface. The two mode control bits C1 and C2 define in which order the accesses to the buffer are performed: High byte – low byte or low byte – high byte. The EEPROM also supports autoincrement and autodecrement read operations. After sending the start address with the corresponding mode, consecutive memory cells can be read row by row without transmission of the row addresses. Two special control bytes enable the complete initialization of EEPROM with a 0 or with a 1. Write Operations The EEPROM allows 8-bit and 16-bit write operations. A write access starts with the START condition followed by a write control byte and one or two data bytes from the master. It is completed via the STOP condition from the master after the acknowledge cycle. If the EEPROM receives the control byte, it loads the content of the addressed memory cell into a 16-bit read/write buffer. After the first data byte has been received the EEPROM starts the internal programming cycle. It consists of an erase cycle (write “zeros”) and the write cycle (write “ones”). Each cycle takes about 10 ms. The write cycle is started after the stop condition and the complete buffer is stored back automatically to the EEPROM. That means for two-byte write operations, the second byte must be transferred within the erase cycle otherwise only the first byte will be stored in the EEPROM and the second byte will be ignored. 10 U9280M-H 4591A–RFID–03/03 U9280M-H Acknowledge Polling If the EEPROM is busy with an internal write cycle, all inputs are disabled and the EEPROM will not acknowledge until the write cycle is finished. This can be used to detect the end of the write cycle. The master must perform acknowledge polling by sending a start condition followed by the control byte. If the device is still busy with the write cycle, it will not return an acknowledge and the master has to generate a stop condition or perform further acknowledge polling sequences. If the cycle is complete, it returns an acknowledge and the master can proceed with the next read or write cycle. Write One Data Byte Start Control byte A Data byte 1 A Stop A Data byte 1 A Data byte 2 A Stop Write Two Data Bytes Start Control byte A Stop Write Control Byte Only Start Note: Control byte A = acknowledge Write Control Bytes MSB Write low byte first A4 LSB A3 A2 A1 A0 Row address Byte order LB(R) C1 C0 R/W 0 1 0 HB(R) MSB Write high byte first A4 LSB A3 A2 Row address Byte order Note: Read Operations HB(R) A1 A0 C1 C0 R/W 1 0 0 LB(R) HB: high byte; LB: low byte; R: row address The EEPROM allows byte-, word- and current address read operations. The read operations are initiated in the same way as write operations. Every read access is initiated by sending the START condition followed by the control byte which contains the address and the read mode. After the device receives a read command it returns an acknowledge, loads the addressed word into the read/write buffer and sends the selected data byte to the master. The master has to acknowledge the received byte if it wants to proceed with the read operation. If two bytes are read out from the buffer the device increments respectively, decrements the word address automatically and loads the buffer with the next word. The read mode bits determines if the low or high byte is read first from the buffer and if the word address is incremented or decremented for the next read access. If the memory address limit is reached, the data word address will “roll over” and the sequential read will continue. The master can terminate the read operation after every byte by not responding with an acknowledge (N) and by issuing a stop condition. 11 4591A–RFID–03/03 Read One Data Byte Start Control byte A Data byte 1 N Stop A Data byte 1 A Data byte 2 Read Two Data Bytes Start Control byte N Stop Read n Data Bytes Start Control byte A Data byte 1 Note: A Data byte 2 A – Data byte n N Stop A -> acknowledge, N -> no acknowledge Read Control Bytes MSB Read low byte first, address increment A4 LSB A3 A2 A1 A0 Row address Byte order LB(R) HB(R) LB(R+1) HB(R+1) C1 C0 R/W 0 1 1 – LB(R+n) MSB Read high byte first, address decrement A4 LSB A3 A2 A1 A0 Row address Byte order Note: HB(R) HB(R+n) LB(R) HB(R-1) LB(R-1) – C1 C0 R/W 1 0 1 HB(R-n) LB(R-n) HB: high byte; LB: low byte, R: row address Initialization after a Reset Condition The EEPROM with the serial interface has its own reset circuitry. In systems with microcontrollers that have their own reset circuitry for power-on reset, watchdog reset or brown-out reset, it may be necessary to bring the EEPROM into a known state independent of its internal reset. This is performed by reading one byte without acknowledgeing and then generating a stop condition. Special Modes By means of special control bytes, the serial interface can be used to control the modulator stage or power management. The EEPROM access and the serial interface are disabled in these modes until the next STOP condition. If no START or STOP condition is generated, the SCL and SDA line can be used for the modulator stage. SCL is used for the modulator clock and SDA is used for the data. In that mode, the same conditions for clock and data changing normally are valid. The SCL and SDA line can be used for continuous bit transfers, an acknowledge cycle after 8 bits must not be generated. Table 2. Special Modes 12 Control Byte Description 1100x111b Bi-phase modulation 1101x111b Manchester modulation 11xx0111b Switch power management off: disables switching from battery to field supply 11xx1111b Switch power management on: enables automatically switching between battery and field supply xxxxx110b Reserved U9280M-H 4591A–RFID–03/03 U9280M-H Data Transfer Sequence for Bi-phase and Manchester Modulation: Start Control byte Ackn Note: Power-on Reset Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 ... Bit n Stop After a reset of the microcontroller, it is not known if the transponder interface has been reset, too. It could still be in a receive or transmit cycle. To place the serial interface of the device into a known state, the miocrocontroller should read one byte from the device without acknowledge and generate a stop condition. The analog front end starts working with the applied field. The EEPROM with the serial interface has its own reset circuitry. (The reset level of the front end is below the reset level of the ATAR092) The microcontroller has a power-on reset circuitry with a brown-out detection. One of two reset voltage levels [1.8 V/2.0 V] can be selected via the software (see the ATAR092 data sheet). If a fast instruction cycle (< 2 µs) is used the higher reset level should be selected. After a watchdog or brown-out detection reset, the serial interface and the EEPROM should be reset by reading one byte from the transponder interface device without acknowledgeing and generation of a STOP condition. That places the serial interface and EEPROM into a known state. 13 4591A–RFID–03/03 Electrical Characteristics – Common Features U9280M-H • Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C • Operating Voltage Range (VBatt): 2.0 V to 6.5 V • Low Power Consumption: – 600 µA at 6.5 V in Operating Mode ( with 2 µs Instruction Cycle) – 200 µA at 2.0 V in Operating Mode (with 2 µs Instruction Cycle) – 1 µA at 2.0 V in Stop Mode • Power Supply: Contactless (Coil 125 kHz) and Battery Supply Absolute Maximum Ratings Voltages are given relative to VSS Parameters Supply voltage Symbol Value Unit VBatt,VDD 0 to +7 with reverse protection V Maximum current out of the VSS pin 15 mA Maximum current out of the VBatt pin 15 mA VIN VSS- 0.6 < VIN < VDD + 0.6 V IIK/IOK ±15 mA Minimum ESD protection (100 pF through 1.5 kW) ±2 kV Minimum ESD protection Coil 1 and Coil 2 inputs (100 pF through 1.5 kW) ±1 kV Input voltage (on any pin) Input/output clamp current (VSS > Vi / Vo > VDD) Operating temperature range Tamb -40 to +85 °C Storage temperature range Tstg -40 to +125 °C Soldering temperature (t £ 10 s) Tsd 260 °C Note: Stresses greater than those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at any condition above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating condition for an extended period may affect device reliability. All inputs and outputs are protected against high electrostatic voltages or electric fields. However, precautions to minimize the build-up of electrostatic charges during handling are recommended. Reliability of operation is enhanced if unused inputs are connected to an appropriate logic voltage level (e.g., VDD). Thermal Resistance Parameters Junction ambient SSO20 14 Symbol Value Unit RthJA 140 K/W U9280M-H 4591A–RFID–03/03 U9280M-H Common DC Characteristics VSS = 0 V, Tamb = -40°C to +85°C unless otherwise specified Parameters Test Conditions/Pins Symbol Min. Operating voltage at VBatt VBatt Operating voltage at VDD VDD Typ. Max. Unit 2.0 6.5 V VPOR 6.5 V Power Supply fSYSCL = 1 MHz Active current CPU active Power down current (CPU sleep, RC oscillator active, 4-MHz quartz oscillator active) VDD = 2.0 V IDD 200 VDD = 3.0 V 300 VDD = 6.5 V 600 fSYSCL = 1 MHz 1.0 VDD = 2.0 V IPD 40 250 µA µA 800 µA 70 µA VDD = 3.0 V 100 VDD = 6.5 V 250 400 µA ISleep 1.0 2.0 µA IReset 150 Sleep current (CPU sleep, 32-kHz quartz-oscillator inactive 4-MHz quartz-oscillator inactive) VDD = 6.5 V Reset current VDD < VPOR µA µA DC Characteristics – Microcontroller ATAR092 VSS = 0 V, Tamb = -40°C to +85°C unless otherwise specified Parameters Test Conditions/Pins Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Brown-out Protection Reset Threshold Voltage Reset threshold voltage BOT = 1 VPOR 155 1.7 1.85 V Reset threshold voltage BOT = 0 VPOR 1.85 2.0 2.2 V Reset hysteresis VPOR 50 3.0 mV Voltage Monitor Threshold Voltage VM high threshold voltage VDD > VM, VMS = 1 VMThh VM high threshold voltage VDD < VM, VMS = 0 VMThh VM middle threshold voltage VDD > VM, VMS = 1 VMThm VM middle threshold voltage VDD < VM, VMS = 0 VMThm VM low threshold voltage VDD > VM, VMS = 1 VMThl VM low threshold voltage VDD < VM, VMS = 0 VMThl VMI rising edge threshold VMS = 1, VDD = 3 V VVMI VMI falling edge threshold VMS = 0, VDD = 3 V VVMI 2.8 3.0 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.0 3.25 V V 2.8 V V 2.4 2.2 V V External Input Voltage 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 V V 15 4591A–RFID–03/03 DC Characteristics – Microcontroller ATAR092 (Continued) VSS = 0 V, Tamb = -40°C to +85°C unless otherwise specified Parameters Test Conditions/Pins Symbol Min. VIL VIH Typ. Max. Unit VSS 0.2 ´ VDD V 0.8 ´ VDD VDD V -12 µA µA µA All Bi-directional Ports Input voltage LOW VDD = 1.8 V to 6.5 V Input voltage HIGH VDD = 1.8 V to 6.5 V Input LOW current (pull-up) VDD = 2.0 V, VDD = 3.0 V, VIL= VSS VDD = 6.5 V IIL -2.0 Input HIGH current (pull-down) VDD = 2.0 V, VDD = 3.0 V, VIH = VDD VDD = 6.5 V IIH Input LOW current (strong pull-up) VDD = 2.0 V, VIL= VSS VDD = 6.5 V Input LOW current (strong pull-down) -50 -200 50 4.0 20 100 200 µA µA µA IIL -20 -300 -50 -600 -100 -1200 µA µA VDD = 2.0 V, VIH = VDD VDD = 6.5 V IIH 20 300 50 600 100 1200 µA µA Input leakage current VIL= VSS IIL 100 nA Input leakage current VIH= VDD IIH 100 nA Output LOW current VOL = 0.2 VDD VDD = 2.0 V VDD = 3.0 V, VDD = 6.5 V 1.2 5 15 2.5 mA mA mA -1.2 -5 -16 -2.5 Output HIGH current Note: 16 VOH = 0.8 VDD VDD = 2.0 V VDD = 3.0 V, VDD = 6.5 V 2.0 -4.0 -20 -100 0.6 IOL 8 -0.6 IOH -8 12 22 -24 mA mA mA The BP20/NTE pin has a strong pull-up resistor during the reset-phase of the microcontroller. U9280M-H 4591A–RFID–03/03 U9280M-H AC Characteristics – Operation Cycle Time Supply voltage VDD = 1.8 V to 6.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Tamb = -40°C to +85°C unless otherwise specified Parameters System clock cycle Test Conditions/Pins Symbol Min. VDD = 1.8 V to 6.5 V Tamb = -40°C to +85°C tSYSCL VDD = 2.4 V to 6.5 V Tamb = -40°C to +85°C tSYSCL Typ. Max. Unit 500 2000 ns 250 2000 ns 5 MHz Timer 2 Input Timing Pin T2I Timer 2 input clock fT2I Timer 2 input LOW time tT2IL 100 ns Timer 2 input HIGH time tT2IH 100 ns Timer 3 Input Timing Pin T3I Timer 3 input clock fT3I SYSCL/2 Timer 3 input LOW time tT3IL 2´ tSYSCL ns Timer 3 input HIGH time tT3IH 2´ tSYSCL ns Interrupt request LOW time tIRL 100 ns Interrupt request HIGH time tIRH 100 ns Interrupt Request Input Timing External System Clock EXSCL at OSC1 ECM = EN Rise/fall time < 10 ns fEXSCL 0.5 4 MHz EXSCL at OSC1 ECM = DI Rise/fall time < 10 ns fEXSCL 0.02 4 MHz Input HIGH time Rise/fall time < 10 ns tIH 0.1 µs Reset Timing Power-on reset time VDD > VPOR tPOR 1.5 fRcOut1 3.8 5 ms RC Oscillator 1 Frequency Stability VDD = 2.0 V to 6.5 V Temperature coefficient Df/f MHz ±50 % Df/f/°C 0.15 % fRcOut2 fRcOut2 4 1 MHz RC Oscillator 2 – External Resistor Frequency Rext = 170 kW Rext = 720 kW Stability VDD = 2.0 V to 6.5 V Stabilization time Df/f ±15 % tS 10 µs 4-MHz Crystal Oscillator (Operating Range 2.2 V to 6.5 V) Frequency fX 4 MHz Start-up time tSQ 5 ms Stability Integrated input/output capacitances (mask programmable) CIN/COUT programmable in steps of 2 pF Df/f -10 +10 ppm CIN COUT 0 0 20 20 pF pF 17 4591A–RFID–03/03 AC Characteristics – Operation Cycle Time (Continued) Supply voltage VDD = 1.8 V to 6.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Tamb = -40°C to +85°C unless otherwise specified Parameters Test Conditions/Pins Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit 32-kHz Crystal Oscillator (Operating Range 2.0 V to 6.5 V) Frequency fX 32.768 kHz Start-up time tSQ 0.5 s Stability Df/f -10 +10 ppm CIN COUT 0 0 20 20 pF pF Integrated input/output capacitances (mask programmable) CIN/COUT programmable in steps of 2 pF External 32-kHz Crystal Parameters Crystal frequency fX 32.768 kHz Serial resistance RS 30 Static capacitance C0 1.5 pF Dynamic capacitance C1 3 fF Crystal frequency fX 4.0 MHz 50 kW External 4 MHz Crystal Parameters Serial resistance RS 40 150 W Static capacitance C0 1.4 3 pF Dynamic capacitance C1 3 fF Figure 8. Crystal and Equivalent Circuit Equivalent Equivalent circuit circuit OSCIN OSCIN SCLIN SCLIN 18 OSCOUT OSCOUT SCLOUT SCLOUT LL C1 C1 RS RS C0 C0 U9280M-H 4591A–RFID–03/03 U9280M-H DC Characteristics –Transponder Interface U3280M Supply voltage VDD = 1.8 V to 6.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Tamb = -40°C to +85°C unless otherwise specified Parameters Test Conditions/Pins Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Operating voltage at VBatt VBatt 2.0 6.5 V Operating voltage at VDD during battery supply VDDB VDD limiter voltage during coil supply VDDC 2.4 2.9 3.2 V 2.2 2.5 2.9 V Power Supply VBattVSD V Power Management Field on detection voltage VDD > 1.8 V VFDon Field off detection voltage VDD > 1.8 V VFDoff Voltage drop at power-supply switch IS = 1 mA, VBatt = 2 V 0.8 V VSD 300 mV ICI 20 mA 4.0 V Coil Input Coil 1, Coil 2 Coil input current Coil voltage stroke during modulation VCU > 5 V Input capacitance VCMS 1.8 CIN 30 pF MOD Pin Input LOW voltage VIL VSS 0.2 ´ VDD V Input HIGH voltage VIH 0.8 ´ VDD VDD V Input leakage current IIleak 10 nA NGAP/FC Pin Output LOW current VDD = 2.0 V VOL = 0.2 ´ VDD IOL 0.08 0.2 0.3 mA Output HIGH current VDD = 2.0 V VOH = 0.8 ´ VDD IOH -0.06 -0.15 -0.25 mA 450 µA EEPROM Operating current during erase/write cycle VDD = 2 V IWR 19 4591A–RFID–03/03 AC Characteristics – Transponder Interface U3280M Supply voltage VDD = 1.8 V to 6.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Tamb = -40°C to +85°C unless otherwise specified Parameters Test Conditions Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit 500 kHz 100 kHz Serial Interface Timing (Internal) SCL clock frequency (intern) fSC Serial Timing (if SCL and SDA Available Extern) SCL clock frequency (extern) fSCL 0 Clock low time tLOW 4.7 µs Clock high time tHIGH 4.0 µs SDA and SCL rise time tR 1000 ns SDA and SCL fall time tF 300 ns Start condition setup time tSUSTA 4.7 µs Start condition hold time tHDSTA 4.0 µs Data input setup time tSUDAT 250 ns Data input hold time tHDDAT 0 ns Stop condition setup time tSUSTO 4.7 µs tBUF 4.7 µs Bus free time Input filter time tI Data output hold time tDH 300 100 ns 1000 ns Coil Inputs Coil frequency fCOIL 125 kHz Gap Detection Delay field off to gap = 0 VCoilGap < 0.7 VDC tFGAP0 10 50 µs Delay field on to gap = 1 VCoilField > 3 VDC tFGAP1 1 10 µs Battery to field switch delay tBFS 160 Field to battery switch delay tFBS Power Management 10 650 µs 60 ms EEPROM Endurance Data erase/write cycle time Erase/write-cycles for 16 bits access Data erase time Data retention time Tamb = 25°C ED 500,000 tDEW 9 tDE 2 tDR 10 E/Wcycles 1,000,000 12 ms 1/2 ´ tDEW ms years Power-up to read operation tPUR 0.2 ms Power-up to write operation tPUW 0.2 ms 20 U9280M-H 4591A–RFID–03/03 U9280M-H Ordering Information Please select the option settings from the list below and insert in ROM CRC. Output Input Port 1 Output Input Port 5 BP10 [X] CMOS [X] Pull-up BP50 [ ] CMOS [ ] Pull-up [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Pull-down strong BP13 [X] CMOS [X] [ ] Pull-down strong Pull-up BP51 [X] CMOS [X] Pull-up [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Pull-down strong [ ] Pull-down strong Port 2 BP52 [X] BP20 [ ] CMOS CMOS [X] Pull-up [ ] Pull-up [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Pull-down strong BP53 [ ] CMOS BP21 [X] CMOS [X] Pull-up [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Pull-down strong BP22 [X] CMOS [X] [ ] Pull-up [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Pull-down strong Port 6 Pull-up BP60 [ ] CMOS [ ] Pull-up [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Pull-down strong BP23 [ ] CMOS [ ] Pull-down strong [ ] Pull-up BP63 [ ] CMOS [ ] Pull-up [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Pull-down strong [ ] Pull-down strong Port 4 BP40 [ ] CMOS [ ] Pull-up [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Pull-down strong BP41 [ ] CMOS OSC1 [ ] No integrated capacitance [ ] Internal capacitance [ _____pF] OSC2 [ ] Pull-up [ ] No integrated capacitance [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Internal capacitance [ _____pF] [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Pull-down strong BP42 [ ] CMOS ECM (External Clock Monitor) [ ] Pull-up [ ] Enable [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Disable [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Pull-down strong BP43 [ ] CMOS [ ] Pull-up [ ] Open drain [N] [ ] Pull-down [ ] Open drain [P] [ ] Pull-up strong [ ] Pull-down strong File: _____________________ . HEX Aproval Date: _________________ CRC: ____________________ . HEX Signature: _________________________ 21 4591A–RFID–03/03 Ordering Information (Continued) Extended Type Number Package Remarks U9280M-H-xxxz-FSG3 SSO20 > 200 kpcs annually taped and reeled Customer ROM mask - To be defined by the customer - Lead time: 18 weeks after ROM mask programming and reception of the order Flash Version: As flash version of the U9280M-H the MARC4 ATAR892 is used (available from stock). Package Information 5.7 5.3 Package SSO20 Dimensions in mm 6.75 6.50 4.5 4.3 1.30 0.15 0.05 0.25 0.65 5.85 20 0.15 6.6 6.3 11 technical drawings according to DIN specifications 1 22 10 U9280M-H 4591A–RFID–03/03 Atmel Headquarters Atmel Operations Corporate Headquarters Memory 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131 TEL 1(408) 441-0311 FAX 1(408) 487-2600 Europe Atmel Sarl Route des Arsenaux 41 Case Postale 80 CH-1705 Fribourg Switzerland TEL (41) 26-426-5555 FAX (41) 26-426-5500 Asia Room 1219 Chinachem Golden Plaza 77 Mody Road Tsimhatsui East Kowloon Hong Kong TEL (852) 2721-9778 FAX (852) 2722-1369 Japan 9F, Tonetsu Shinkawa Bldg. 1-24-8 Shinkawa Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0033 Japan TEL (81) 3-3523-3551 FAX (81) 3-3523-7581 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131 TEL 1(408) 441-0311 FAX 1(408) 436-4314 Microcontrollers 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131 TEL 1(408) 441-0311 FAX 1(408) 436-4314 La Chantrerie BP 70602 44306 Nantes Cedex 3, France TEL (33) 2-40-18-18-18 FAX (33) 2-40-18-19-60 ASIC/ASSP/Smart Cards Zone Industrielle 13106 Rousset Cedex, France TEL (33) 4-42-53-60-00 FAX (33) 4-42-53-60-01 RF/Automotive Theresienstrasse 2 Postfach 3535 74025 Heilbronn, Germany TEL (49) 71-31-67-0 FAX (49) 71-31-67-2340 1150 East Cheyenne Mtn. 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