Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Order Number: MC33288/D Rev. 4.8, 06/2001 MOTOROLA Semiconductor Technical Data MC33288 Advance Information SOLID STATE RELAY FOR AUTOMOTIVE FLASHER APPLICATIONS Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Solid State Relay for Automotive Flasher Applications SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA This device is a Dual High Side Power Switch dedicated for automotive flasher applications. In comparison with mechanical solutions, this device offers higher reliability as well as protection and diagnostic features. The device consists of two 25mΩ Rdson fully protected high side switches, in a surface mount power package. It interfaces directly with a microcontroller and includes a current recopy function in order to allow the detection of a failed lamp in the application. DH SUFFIX HSOP20 Package CASE 979-04 PIN ASSIGNMENT Vbat 21 • Designed for Automotive Flasher Applications • Junction Temperature Range from - 40°C to 150°C • Operating Voltage Range from 8V to 35V • Maximum Breakdown Voltage greater than 40V • Protected in case of loss of ground • Surface Mount Power Package • 25mΩ Rdson per Channel at 25°C • 8Amps Nominal Current per Channel • 1.2W Warning Lamp Driver • Overtemperature Protection with Hysteresis • Open Load Detection in On-State • Short-Circuit Protection • Overload Current Protection • Current Recopy to Monitor Lamp Output Current • Under Voltage Shutdown • ESD Protection 2kV • Standby Current less than 10µA at Vbat less than 14V GND 1 20 Wlp Cur R 2 19 Status IN-1 3 18 IN-2 NC 4 17 NC DNC* 5 16 DNC* Heat sink Out-1 6 15 Out-2 Out-1 7 14 Out-2 Out-1 8 13 Out-2 NC 9 12 NC NC 10 11 NC 21 Vbat * Do Not Connect ORDERING INFORMATION Device Operating Temperature Range Package MC33288DH TA=-40° to +125°C HSOP20 MC33288DHR2 TA=-40° to +125°C HSOP20 Simplified Application Schematic 5V 5V + - VBAT 10k Trailor OUT-1 IN-1 Buzzer I/O I/O MCU I/O Turn switch 21W 21W 21W IN-2 ST MC33288 Static Flasher Car left side lamps Cur R A/D OUT-2 Warning switch 21W Gnd dashboard direction indicator 5W 5W dashboard trailer indicator Wlp 21W 21W 5W 5W 1.2W Car right side lamps This document contains information on a new product. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. TM © Motorola, Inc., 2001. All rights reserved. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MC33288 PINS FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Pin No. Description TAB Vbat Supply Voltage The backside TAB is connected to the power supply of the MC33288DH. In addition to its supply function, this pin contributes to the thermal behaviour of the device by conducting the heat from the switching MOSFET to the printed circuit board. 6,7,8 OUT1 OUTPUT Channel 1 OUT 2 OUTPUT Channel 2 Pins 6,7,8 are the source of the output1 25mOhm MOSFET1. Pins 13,14,15 are source of the output 2 25mOhm MOSFET2. They deliver current to the connected loads and are respectively controlled via the IN1 and IN2 pins. These outputs are current limited and thermally protected. IN 1 INPUT Channel 1 IN 2 INPUT Channel 2 These are the device input pins which directly control their associated outputs. The levels are CMOS compatible. When the input is a logic low, the associated output MOSFET is in the off state. When input is high, the MOSFET is turned on and the load is activated. When both inputs are low, the device is in standby mode and its supply current is reduced. Each input pin has an internal active pull down, so that it will not float if disconnected. 19 Status Status for both Channels The Fault output is an open drain indication that goes active low when a fault mode (Openload, Overtemp) is detected by the device on either one channel or both simultaneously. Its internal structure is an open drain architecture with an internal clamp at 6V. An external pull up resistor connected to Vdd (5V) is needed. See Functional Truth Table. 20 Wlp Warning Lamp Output This pin is the source of a 3.2 Ohm MOSFET. This output is current limited and thermally protected. It delivers current through the connected load when both IN1 and IN2 inputs are logic high. It is usually used as a warning lamp driver for Flasher application. 2 Cur R Load Current Sense The Current Sense pin deliver a ratioed amount (1/1000) of the sum of the currents that can be used to generate signal ground referenced output voltages for use by the microcontroller. 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, 17 NC Not Connected These pins are not used. 5, 16 DNC Do Not Connect These pins must not be connected. GND GROUND This is the Ground pin of the device. 13,14,15 3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Name/Function 18 11 Solid State Relay for Automotive Flasher Applications For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MC33288 Block Diagram and Application Schematic Battery V bat Cb Out-2 Out-2 Out-2 Charge Pump 21+5W Trailor Left side 5V CHANNEL 2 Left 21+21+5W Left side Out-1 Over Temp 10K St-2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MCU I/O R I/O R Cr 2 Open Load Current Recopy Fault St-1 Monitoring ST CHANNEL 1 Right Cur R Current copy resistor Out-1 V batc IN-1 R A/D Input Trigger IN-2 R I/O Out-1 Over Current Cr 1 21+21+5W Right side Vbat IN-2 Rcr Drive & protect MC33288 Warning Lamp Driver 21+5W Trailor Right side Wlp R : 10k typical Rcr : 500Ω to 1kΩ typical Cb : 100nF to 470nF Rwlp : 100Ω typical Vbat Rwlp 1.2W GND FUNCTIONAL TRUTH TABLE In-1 In-2 Out-1 Out-2 St Normal Operation L H L H L L H H L H L H L L H H H H H H Openload Channel 1 Openload Channel 2 H X X H H X X H L L Overtemp Channel 1 Overtemp Channel 1 and Channel 2 H L X X H X X H L H L L X X L X X L L L L H L H L Overcurrent or Current limit Channel 1 (note) Overcurrent or Current Limit Channel 2 (note) H X X H H X X H H H Overtemp Channel 2 L = ‘Low level’ H = ‘High level’X = ‘don’t care’ NOTES : In case of over current or short-circuit, the device will not report the fault to the status pins. The output current will be limited to the Ilim value. The device will probably heat up and in this case the overtemperature detection will be triggered. If so, the output will be turned off and the fault will be reported to the status pins. Solid State Relay for Automotive Flasher Applications For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MC33288 MAXIMUM RATINGS Ratings Symbol Value Unit Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... ELECTRICAL RATINGS Vbat Voltage with Respect to Gnd : Continuous/Pulse Vbat -14 to + 40 V Out-1 & Out-2 Voltage with Respect of Gnd : Continuous/Pulse Vout -0.3 to 40 V Out-1 to Vbat & Out-2 to Vbat voltage : Continuous/Pulse Vout 40 V IN-1, IN-2, St DC Voltage : Continuous/Pulse Vin -0.3 to 7 V Cur R Voltage : Continuous/Pulse Vcr -0.3 to 7 V ESD all Pins Human Body Model (note1) Machine Model (note2) Vesd1 Vesd2 +/-2000 +/-200 V V Out-1, Out-2 Output Current : Pulse (note 3) Ioutp 40 Amp IN-1, IN-2, St Iin +/-5 mA Junction Temperature Tj - 40 to 150 °C Storage Temperature Range Tst - 65 to +150 °C Thermal Resistance Junction to Case Rthjc 2 °C/W Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient (note 4) Rthja 25 °C/W Power Dissipation at Tcase 140°C (note 5) Pd 5 W THERMAL RATINGS NOTES : 1. EDS1 testing is performed in accordance with the Human Body Model (Czap = 100pF, Rzap = 1500Ω) 2. EDS2 testing is performed in accordance with the Machine Model (Czap = 100pF, Rzap = 0Ω) 3. During lamp inrush current. 4. Device mounted on dual side printed circuit board with 70µm copper thickness and 10cm2 copper heat sink (2.5 cm2 on top side and 7.5 cm2 on down side). 5. Assuming a 150°C maximum junction temperature. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vbat from 9 to 16V and junction temperature Tj from -40° to 150°C, unless otherwise noted) Characteristics Description Symbol Unit min. typ. Conditions max. Nominal Operating Voltage Vbat 9 16 V Functional Operating Voltage Vbat 8 35 V Under Voltage Threshold Vuv 6 7 8 V Vbat Standby Supply Current Istdby 1 10 µA Vbat <14V & Vin = 0V,Tj <125°C Supply Current in On State Ion 8 20 mA IN-1 & IN-2 @3.5V, no fault, Vbat<14V,Tj <125°C Drain to Source on Resistance Rdson 20 25 mΩ Iout =4A, Vbat > 9V & Tj = 25°C Drain to Source on Resistance Rdson 30 40 mΩ Iout = 4A, Vbat > 9 & T j = 150°C High Current Limitation Ilim 30 A Vout > 1V Short Circuit limitation Ilim 4 A Vout < 1V, Tj=25°C Hot Openload Threshold Iol 1 A Vbat to Output Breakdown Voltage Vdss Vbat to Out-1 : Leakage Current Iout-leak 40 10 V In-1 and In-2 @ 0V, Vout = 0, Iout -0.25mA µA Vin-1 =0V, Vbat =35V, Vout-1=0V Solid State Relay for Automotive Flasher Applications For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 4 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MC33288 Characteristics Description Symbol Unit Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... min. typ. Conditions max. Vbat to Out-2 : Leakage Current Iout-leak 10 µA Vin-1, Vin-2 : Input Voltage Low Threshold Vil 1.5 V Vin-1, Vin-2 : Input Voltage High Threshold Vih 3.5 Vin-1, Vin-2 : Input Voltage Hysteresis Vih 0.4 Vin-1, Vin-2 : Input Current Iin Status Output Voltage Vst Thermal Shutdown Tshut Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis Thyst Current Recopy Ratio Cr Current Recopy Ratio Accuracy Cr-ac Extended Current Recopy Ratio Crex Extended Current Recopy Ratio Accuracy Crex-ac -20 20 % Current Recopy Clamp Voltage At 10mA Vclst 5.5 7 V Nominal Flasher Frequency Operation Ffl Frequency Operation Fop Nominal Flasher Duty Cycle Operation DCfl Wlp output Drain to Source on Resistance RWon 3.2 Ω Iout =100mA, Vbat > 9V & Tj = 25°C Wlp output Drain to Source on Resistance RWon 5 Ω Iout =100mA, Vbat > 9V & Tj = 125°C Wlp output Current Limitation IWlim Wlp Thermal Shutdown TWshut 150 Maximum Output Positive Slew Rate Tr 0.01 0.3 2 V/µs load = 6 Ω Maximum Output Negative Slew Rate Tf 0.01 0.3 2 V/µs load = 6 Ω Turn On delay time Tdon 1 30 200 µs load = 6 Ω, from Vin/2 to 10% Vout Turn Off delay time Tdoff 1 40 200 µs load = 6 Ω, from Vin/2 to 90% Vout Vin-2 =0V, Vbat =35V, Vout-2=0V V 0.7 0.9 V 18 40 µA Vin-1, Vin-2 = 3.5V 0.5 V Ist = 1mA; Output in Fault °C 150 °C 10 1/1000 -10 Vout>Vbat -1V, Iout from 2A to 4A Tj -40°C to 105°C, Vbat 9 to 16V 10 % 1/1000 Vout >Vbat -1V, Iout from 2A to 4A Tj -40°C to 105°C, Vbat 9 to 16V Vout >Vbat -1V, Iout from 1A to 8A 1.5 Vout >Vbat -1V, Iout from 1A to 8A Hz 100 50 Hz % 500 mA Vout =0V °C Solid State Relay for Automotive Flasher Applications For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MC33288 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... DEVICE DESCRIPTION device incorporates a current limitation at 30 Amps typical. Introduction This mean that the really first inrush current will be clamped at The MC33288DH is a dual high side switch with 30 Amps. The second lamp turn on of the flashing cycle will appropriate control, protection, and diagnostic features not see any clamping as the lamps have been heated up in the dedicated to automotive flasher applications. The device previous cycle. consists of two independent 25mΩ power switches and an In-1 and In-2 are the two inputs of the device, connected to additionnal 3.2 Ohm high side switch capable of controlling a a microcontroller I/O ; they are CMOS compatible. When 1.2W warning lamp. It interfaces directly with a microcontroller these inputs are in low state, the device is in standby mode. and the package used is a HSOP20 power small outline, 20 When any of the inputs are switched to a high level, the pins. The MC33288 incorporates a status pin and a load associated output MOSFET is turned on. current sense capability. Power Supply The MC33288 can be directly connected to the supply line. In standby mode (In-1 & In-2 @ OV), the supply current is less than 10µA for Vbat supply voltage below 14V. This feature allows a very low supply current on the battery when the car is idle or parked. During off state, the current recopy pin and the status pins are in high impedance. In case of loss of (digital) ground, the power MOSFETs turn off in order to safely tie the load current to zero. Nominal Voltage and Transient Operation The nominal operation voltage is from 9 to 16V. The MC33288 is functional over a larger voltage range from 8V to 35V. The technology used for both power and analog circuitry sustains 40V DC voltage. Reverse Battery The MC33288 is self protected against reverse battery up to -14 Volts in a continuous mode. When a negative battery voltage arises, the MOSFETS are internally turned off. The load current flows in the body diode of each MOSFET. The power dissipation within the MC33288DH is then Vf x Iload, where Iload is the total current set by the loads and Vf is the forward body diode voltage. Vf is 0.5V typical at 150°C and decreases with temperature with a drop of -2mV/°C. Power Output Switches The device has two independent high side switches. Each switch is realised with an N-channel power MOSFET and includes current and temperature sensing circuitries. The MOSFET gates are driven by analog circuitry which includes charge pump and fault detection. A specific feature of this device is the output current recopy. Each output has a 25mΩ Rdson max at 25°C. The Rdson value reaches 40mΩ at 150°C junction temperature. Each output has a parasitic drain to source diode, inherent to the technology. This diode can sustain as much current as the MOSFET. This diode is reversed biased during normal operation of the MOSFET and is forward biased during reverse battery or negative transient pulses. The output MOSFET can each drive 8 Amps nominal. This maximum current condition occurs when up to three 21W lamps and two small 5 or 7W lamps are connected on each channel, at higher Vbat voltage specification. This is the case when a trailor is attached to the car. As the flasher can operate in warning or hazard operation mode with its two channels on, the MC33288 can drive 16 Amps total. When lamps are turned on, the inrush current can reach up to 6 times the nominal lamp current. For this particular application, the total inrush current can reach 6 time 8 Amps, that is up to 48Amps per channel. The 48Amps value will only occur at the first lamp turn on. In order to optimise the total system,(MC33288, printed circuit board, wiring, fuse etc.) the Status The device has a single status pins which reports an over temperature and an openload condition in the device. This pin is an open drain structure and needs an external pull up resistor. The device incorporates overtemperature sense on each output MOSFET in order to independently protect each output. But , the report of the overtemperature is done through one single status pin called Status, in order to minimise the number of I/O connection of the MCU. Open Load Function The open load detection is active during the ON phase (Hot open load detection). An amplifier measures the differential voltage between Vbat and Vout . When the load current is below 1A, the open load circuitry will pull down the status output. If the open load condition is present before the device turn-on, the status will be pulled down after a delay due to the rise time of the output. Current Recopy Function Flasher application needs to detect failed lamp. The system must detect one 21W lamp failing, in the flasher application only, without a trailor. The MC33288 has an output current recopy function which recopies on the Cur R pin a portion of the output current. Each channel is connected to the same Cur R pin as the system have to operate in the flasher mode only and not in the warning operation. The MC33288 provides a current recopy of 1/1000 of the main output current, either output left or right. The recopy function has its higher accuracy of +-10% in the usual operation range and an accuracy of +-20% in the total operating range. This allows a precise detection of one 21W lamp, but also the detection of additional lamps in case of trailor connection. An external resistor must be connected to the Cur R pin and then tied to a microcontroller A/D input for analog voltage measurement. The Cur R pin is internally clamped to protect the MCU A/D input. Warning Lamp Driver The warning lamp driver is a 3.2 Ohms Rdson max High Side MOSFET to control the 1.2W dashboard warning lamp. This output is current limited and thermally protectedactivated only in the warning mode. It is turned on by activation of both right and left inputs (IN1 and IN2) Package The device is assembled into a power surface mount package. This package offers high thermal performances and high current capabilities. It offers 10 pins on each package sides and an additional pin which is the package heat sink , called pin 21. The heak sink acts as the MC33288 power Vbat connection. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MC33288 Thermal Management The junction to case thermal resistance is 2°C/W maximum. The junction to ambient thermal resistance is dependent on the mounting technology and the addition of heat sink. One of the most commonly used mounting technique consists in using the printed circuit board and the copper lines as heat sink. Figure 2. Simplified Thermal Model (Electrical Equivalent) Chan 1 Junction Temp Node (Volts represent Die Surface Temperature) Temp Node Chan 2 Junction Chan 1 Switch Chan 2 Switch Rthjc1 2°C/W Rthjc2 2°C/W Chan 1 Power (W) (1.0A=1W of Power Dissipation) Chan 2 Power (W) Case Temp Node Rthca (1.0Ω=1°C/W) 25°C/W Ambient Temp Node AmbientTemperature (1.0V=1°C) Transient Thermal Model Figure 1. Printed Board Layout Example (not to scale) Down side pcb 8 cm2 Top side pcb 2 cm2 A more complete model including thermal capacitance is proposed in figure 3. Figure 3. Transient thermal model 1mJ/K 5mJ/K 5mJ/K HSOP20 MOS1 3K/W MOS3 MOS2 3K/W Thermal via from top to down side pcb 4mJ/K 3.5K/W Control 3.5K/W 3K/W 450K/W Case 3K/W external pcb (4x4 cm) Board 0.5J/K 300K/W 20K/W Figure 1 shows an example of printed circuit board layout. It has a total of 10cm2 additional copper on two sides (2.5 cm2 on the top side and 7.5 cm2 on the down side). With the above layout, thermal resistance junction to ambient of 25°C/W can be achieved, this value being splitted into : • junction to case : Rthjc1 = Rthjc2 = 2°C/W • case to ambient : Rthca = 23 °C/W. Lower value can be reached with the help of larger and thicker copper metal, higher number of thermal via from top to down side pcb and the use of additional thermal via from the circuit board to the module case. Steady State Thermal Model The junction to ambient thermal resistance of the circuit mounted on a printed circuit board can be splitted into two main parts : junction to case and case to ambient resistances. A simplified steady state model is shown in figure 2. 6J/K Ambiant This gives a thermal impedance versus time (figure 4), which has been determined with the printed circuit board shown in figure 1. Figure 4. Junction to ambiant Thermal impedance 30 Thermal impedance (°C/W) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Soldering Information This device is packaged in a Surface Mount Power package indended to be soldered directly on the Printed Circuit Board. This device was qualified according to JEDEC standards JESD22-A113-B and J-STD-020A with the reflow conditions applicable for packages with thickness above 2.5mm : Convection 220°C +5/-0°C VPR 215-219°C IR / Convection 220°C +5/-0°C The maximum peak temperature during the soldering process should not exceed 220°C (+5°C/-0°C). The time at maximum temperature should range from 10 to 40s max. 20 10 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 Time (sec.) 600 700 800 This figure shows that the steady state is reached after about 10 minutes. It also clearly shows that the device can dissipate almost twice the power within one minute compared to the maximum allowed power dissipation in steady state. Solid State Relay for Automotive Flasher Applications For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 7 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typical” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. 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