RT9198/A 300mA, Low Noise, Ultra-Fast CMOS LDO Regulator General Description Ordering Information The RT9198/A is designed for portable RF and wireless applications with demanding performance and space requirements. The RT9198/A performance is optimized for battery-powered systems to deliver ultra low noise and low quiescent current. Regulator ground current increases only slightly in dropout, further prolonging the battery life. The RT9198/A also works with low-ESR ceramic capacitors, reducing the amount of board space necessary for power applications, critical in hand-held wireless devices. The RT9198/A consumes less than 0.01uA in shutdown mode and has fast turn-on time less than 50us. The other features include ultra low dropout voltage, high output accuracy, current limiting protection, and high ripple rejection ratio. Available in the SOT-23-3, SOT-23-5, TSOT-23-3, TSOT-23-5, SC-70-5, SC-82, MSOP-8 and WDFN-6L 2x2 packages, the RT9198/A also offers a range from 1.5V to 5.0V with 0.1V per step. RT9198/A- Operating Temperature Range P : Pb Free with Commercial Standard G : Green (Halogen Free with Commercial Standard) Output Voltage 15 : 1.5V 16 : 1.6V : 49 : 4.9V 50 : 5.0V 1H : 1.85V 2H : 2.85V 4G : 4.75V Features z z z z z z z z z z z z z z Low-Noise for RF Application Fast Response in Line/Load Transient Quick Start-Up (Typically 50us) < 0.01uA Standby Current When Shutdown Low Dropout : 220mV @ 300mA Wide Operating Voltage Ranges : 2.5V to 5.5V TTL-Logic-Controlled Shutdown Input Low Temperature Coefficient Current Limiting Protection Thermal Shutdown Protection Only 1uF Output Capacitor Required for Stability High Power Supply Rejection Ratio Custom Voltage Available RoHS Compliant and 100% Lead (Pb)-Free Package Type U5 : SC-70-5 U5R : SC-70-5 (R-Type) Y : SC-82 V : SOT-23-3 B : SOT- 23-5 BR : SOT- 23-5 (R-Type) BG : SOT- 23-5 (G-Type) J3 : TSOT- 23-3 J5 : TSOT- 23-5 J5R : TSOT- 23-5 (R-Type) J5G : TSOT- 23-5 (G-Type) F : MSOP-8 QW : WDFN-6L 2x2 (W-Type) Chip Enable Function (Active Low) Chip Enable Function (Active High) Note : Richtek Pb-free and Green products are : `RoHS compliant and compatible with the current requirements of IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020. `Suitable for use in SnPb or Pb-free soldering processes. `100% matte tin (Sn) plating. Marking Information Applications z z z z z z CDMA/GSM Cellular Handsets Battery-Powered Equipment Laptop, Palmtops, Notebook Computers Hand-Held Instruments PCMCIA Cards Portable Information Appliances DS9198/A-12 May 2008 For marking information, contact our sales representative directly or through a Richtek distributor located in your area, otherwise visit our website for detail. www.richtek.com 1 RT9198/A Pin Configurations (TOP VIEW) VIN 1 GND 2 EN/EN 5 3 VOUT NC 4 EN/EN 1 NC 2 5 3 GND 4 VIN EN/EN 1 GND 2 VOUT 5 3 3 VIN VIN NC 4 1 2 GND VOUT VOUT TSOT-23-5/SOT-23-5/ TSOT-23-5/SOT-23-5/ TSOT-23-5/ TSOT-23-3/ SC-70-5 (R-Type) SC-70-5 SOT-23-5(G-Type) SOT-23-3 1 2 GND EN/EN GND VIN 3 7 6 5 4 NC NC VOUT NC NC GND VIN 8 WDFN-6L 2x2 2 7 3 6 4 5 EN/EN NC NC VOUT MSOP-8 VIN VOUT 4 3 1 2 EN/EN GND SC-82 Note : There is no pin1 indicator on top mark for SC-82 type, and pin 1 will be lower left pin when reading top mark from left to right. Pin2 of SC-82 is wider than other pins. Typical Application Circuit RT9198 VIN CIN 1uF Chip Enable On VIN VOUT COUT 1uF EN VOUT GND Off RT9198A VIN CIN 1uF Chip Enable Off VIN VOUT COUT 1uF EN VOUT GND On www.richtek.com 2 DS9198/A-12 May 2008 RT9198/A Functional Pin Description Pin Name Pin Function EN Chip Enable (Active High). Note that this pin is high impedance. There should be a pull low 100kΩ resistor connected to GND when the control signal is floating. EN Chip Enable (Active Low). Note that this pin is high impedance. There should be a pull high 100kΩ resistor connected to VIN when the control signal is floating. NC No Internal Connection. GND, Exposed Pad Ground. The exposed pad must be soldered to a large PCB and connected to GND for maximum power dissipation. VOUT Output Voltage. VIN Input Voltage. Function Block Diagram EN/EN Shutdown and Logic Control VIN VREF - MOS Driver + Error Amplifier VOUT Current-Limit and Thermal Protection GND DS9198/A-12 May 2008 www.richtek.com 3 RT9198/A Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Supply Input Voltage -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Power Dissipation, PD @ TA = 25°C TSOT-23-3/TSOT-23-5/SOT-23-3/SOT-23-5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------SC-70-5, SC-82 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MSOP-8 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------WDFN-6L 2x2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------z Package Thermal Resistance (Note 4) TSOT-23-3/TSOT-23-5/SOT-23-3/SOT-23-5, θJA -------------------------------------------------------------------SC-70-5, SC-82, θJA -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MSOP-8, θJA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------WDFN-6L 2x2, θJA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------WDFN-6L 2x2, θJC -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------z Junction Temperature ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------z Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------z Storage Temperature Range -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------z ESD Susceptibility (Note 2) HBM (Human Body Mode) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MM (Machine Mode) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------z 6V z Recommended Operating Conditions z z z z 400mW 300mW 625mW 606mW 250°C/W 333°C/W 160°C/W 165°C/W 20°C/W 150°C 260°C −65°C to 150°C 2kV 200V (Note 3) Supply Input Voltage -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------EN Input Voltage ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Junction Temperature Range -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ambient Temperature Range -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.5V to 5.5V 0V to 5.5V −40°C to 125°C −40°C to 85°C Electrical Characteristics (VIN = VOUT + 1V, CIN = COUT = 1μF, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Units Output Voltage Accuracy ΔVOUT IOUT = 1mA −2 -- +2 % Current Limit ILIM RLOAD = 1Ω 360 400 -- mA Quiescent Current IQ -- 90 130 μA Dropout Voltage (Note 5) VDROP IOUT = 200mA -- 170 200 IOUT = 300mA -- 220 330 Line Regulation ΔVLINE VIN = (VOUT + 1V) to 5.5V, IOUT = 1mA -- -- 0.3 % Load Regulation ΔVLOAD 1mA < IOUT < 300mA -- -- 0.6 % Shutdown Current ISHDN RT9198, VEN = GND, Shutdown RT9198A, VEN = VIN, Shutdown -- 0.01 1 μA EN Input Bias Current IIBEN VEN = GND or VIN -- 0 100 nA RT9198, VEN ≧ 1.2V, IOUT = 0mA RT9198A, VEN ≦ 0.4V, IOUT = 0mA mV To be continued www.richtek.com 4 DS9198/A-12 May 2008 RT9198/A Parameter EN Threshold Logic-Low Voltage Logic-High Voltage Power Supply f = 100Hz Rejection Rate f = 10kHz Thermal Shutdown Temperature Thermal Shutdown Temperature Hysteresis Symbol Test Conditions VIL RT9198, VIN = 3V to 5.5V, Shutdown RT9198A, VIN = 3V to 5.5V, Enable VIH RT9198, VIN = 3V to 5.5V, Enable RT9198A, VIN = 3V to 5.5V, Shutdown PSRR COUT = 1μF, IOUT = 100mA Min Typ Max -- -- 0.4 Units V 1.2 -- -- -- −60 -- -- −30 -- TSD -- 165 -- °C ΔTSD -- 30 -- °C dB Note 1. Stresses listed as the above "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are for stress ratings. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may remain possibility to affect device reliability. Note 2. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precaution is recommended. Note 3. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating conditions. Note 4. θJA is measured in the natural convection at TA = 25°C on a low effective single layers thermal conductivity test board of JEDEC 51-3 thermal measurement standard. The case point of θJC is on the exposed pad for the package. Note 5. The dropout voltage is defined as VIN -VOUT, which is measured when VOUT is VOUT(NORMAL) − 100mV. DS9198/A-12 May 2008 www.richtek.com 5 RT9198/A Typical Operating Characteristics Quiesent Current vs. Temperature Output Voltage vs. Temperature 100 VIN = 5V CIN = COUT = 1uF RT9198/A-15 VIN = 3.3V CIN = COUT = 1uF 95 Quiescent Current (uA) Output Voltage (V) 2 1.9 1.8 No Load 1.7 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 1.6 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -50 125 -25 0 RT9198/A-15 VIN = 3.3V CIN = COUT = 1uF 0.75 0.5 125 RT9198/A-15 CIN = COUT = 1uF 500 450 400 350 300 0.25 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 2 125 2.5 3 Temperature (°C) 20 RT9198/A-33 CIN = COUT = 1uF 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 Input Voltage (V) Dropout Voltage vs. Load Current TJ = 125°C 250 PSRR VOUT = 2.5V CIN = COUT = 1uF, X7R 0 200 TJ = 25°C PSRR (dB) Dropout Voltage (mV) 100 550 Current Limit (mA) EN Pin Threshold Voltage (V) 600 1 300 75 Current Limit vs. Input Voltage EN Pin Shutdown Threshold vs. Temperature 1.25 50 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) 1.5 25 150 TJ = -40°C 100 -20 -40 ILOAD = 100mA -60 50 ILOAD = 10mA 0 -80 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 Load Current (A) www.richtek.com 6 0.25 0.3 10 0.01 100 0.1 1K 1 10K 10 100K 100 1M 1000 Frequency (kHz) (Hz) DS9198/A-12 May 2008 RT9198/A Line Transient Response ILOAD = 50mA 4 3 Input Voltage Deviation (V) CIN = COUT = 1uF 5 Output Voltage Deviation (mV) Output Voltage Deviation (mV) Input Voltage Deviation (V) Line Transient Response 20 0 -20 CIN = COUT = 1uF 4 3 50 0 -50 Time (100μs/Div) Time (100μs/Div) Output Voltage Deviation (mV) 0 50 0 -50 10 Load Current (mA) 50 VIN = 3.3V CIN = COUT = 1uF VOUT = 1.5V ILOAD = 1mA to 250mA 200 0 50 0 -50 Time (100μs/Div) Start Up EN Pin Shutdown Response RT9198-18, VIN = 5V CIN = COUT = 1uF 5 0 2 1 0 Time (10μs/Div) DS9198/A-12 May 2008 400 Time (100μs/Div) VOUT = 1.8V ILOAD = 1mA Output Voltage (V) EN Pin Voltage (V) Output Voltage (V) VOUT = 1.5V ILOAD= 1mA to 50mA Load Transient Response EN Pin Voltage (V) 100 Output Voltage Deviation (mV) Load Current (mA) Load Transient Response VIN = 3.3V CIN = COUT = 1uF ILOAD = 250mA 5 10 VOUT = 1.8V ILOAD = 1mA RT9198-18, VIN = 5V CIN = COUT = 1uF 5 0 2 1 0 Time (1ms/Div) www.richtek.com 7 RT9198/A Noise Noise VOUT = 1.8V ILOAD = 150mA 400 400 200 200 0 -200 -400 0 -200 -400 f = 10Hz to 100kHz Time (5ms/Div) www.richtek.com 8 VOUT = 1.8V No Load VIN = 4.5V CIN = COUT = 1uF Noise (μV) Noise (μV) VIN = 4.5V CIN = COUT = 1uF f = 10Hz to 100kHz Time (5ms/Div) DS9198/A-12 May 2008 RT9198/A Applications Information Like any low-dropout regulator, the external capacitors used for the RT9198/A must be carefully selected for regulator stability and performance. Using a capacitor whose value is > 1μF on the RT9198/A input and the amount of capacitance can be increased without limit. The input capacitor must be located a distance of not more than 0.5 inch from the input pin of the IC and returned to a clean analog ground. Any good quality ceramic or tantalum can be used for this capacitor. The capacitor with larger value and lower ESR (equivalent series resistance) provides better PSRR and line-transient response. The output capacitor must meet both requirements for minimum amount of capacitance and ESR in all LDOs application. The RT9198/A is designed specifically to work with low ESR ceramic output capacitor in space-saving and performance consideration. Using a ceramic capacitor whose value is at least 1μF with ESR is more than 20mΩ on the RT9198/A output ensures stability. The RT9198/A still works well with output capacitor of other types due to the wide stable ESR range. Figure 1. shows the curves of allowable ESR range as a function of load current for various output capacitor values. Output capacitor of larger capacitance can reduce noise and improve load transient response, stability, and PSRR. The output capacitor should be located with in 0.5 inch from the VOUT pin of the RT9198/A and returned to a clean analog ground. Region of Stable COUT ESR vs. Load Current 100.00 100 Instable C OUT ESR (Ω) 10 10.00 Stable 0.10 0.01 0.00 50 To assure the RT9198 LDO regulator will switch on, the EN turn on control level must be greater than 1.2V. The RT9198 LDO regulator will go into shutdown mode when the voltage on the EN pin falls below 0.4V. For RT9198A, the EN turn on control level must be lower than 0.4V to assure the RT9198A LDO regulator switch on. The RT9198A LDO regulator will go into shutdown mode when the voltage on the EN pin is higher than 1.2 V. The RT9198A equips a quick-discharge function to protect the system. When the regulator is turned off by EN pin, the internal MOSFET between VOUT and GND will be turned on to discharge output voltage quickly. If the enable function is not needed in a specific application, it may be tied to GND/VIN to keep the LDO regulator in a continuously on state. Thermal Considerations Thermal protection limits power dissipation in RT9198/A. When the operating junction temperature exceeds 165°C, the OTP circuit starts the thermal shutdown function and turns the pass element off. The pass element turns on again after the junction temperature cools by 30°C. For continuous operation, do not exceed absolute maximum operatiog junction temperature 125°C. The power dissipation definition in device is shown as following formula : The maximum power dissipation depends on the thermal resistance of IC package, PCB layout, the rate of surroundings airflow and temperature difference between junction to ambient. The maximum power dissipation can be calculated by following formula : PD(MAX) = ( TJ(MAX) - TA ) / θJA RT9198/A-15xU5 COUT = 1μF, X7R 0 The RT9198/A features an LDO regulator enable/disable function. PD = (VIN − VOUT) x IOUT + VIN x IQ COUT = 1uF 1.001 Enable Function Simulation Verify 100 150 200 Load Current (mA) 250 300 Where T J(MAX) is the maximum operating junction temperature 125°C, TA is the ambient temperature and the θJA is the junction to ambient thermal resistance. Figure 1 DS9198/A-12 May 2008 Instable www.richtek.com 9 RT9198/A For recommended operating conditions specification of RT9198/A, where T J(MAX) is the maximum junction temperature of the die (125°C) and TA is the maximum ambient temperature. The junction to ambient thermal resistance (θJA is layout dependent) for TSOT-23-3/TSOT23-5/SOT-23-3/SOT-23-5 package is 250°C/W, SC-70-5 and SC-82 package is 333°C/W and WDFN-6L 2x2 package is 165°C/W on standard JEDEC 51-3 thermal test board. The maximum power dissipation at TA = 25°C can be calculated by following formula : PD(MAX) = (125°C − 25°C)/250 = 400mW (TSOT-23-3/ TSOT-23-5/SOT-23-3/SOT-23-5) PD(MAX) = (125°C − 25°C)/333 = 300mW (SC-70-5/SC-82) PD(MAX) = (125°C − 25°C) / 165 = 606mW (WDFN-6L 2x2) Maximum Power Dissipation (mW) 1 The maximum power dissipation depends on operating ambient temperature for fixed T J(MAX) and thermal resistance θJA. For RT9198/A packages, the Figure 2. of derating curves allows the designer to see the effect of rising ambient temperature on the maximum power allowed. 700 WDFN-6L 2x2 600 500 SOT-23-3/SOT-23-5 TSOT-23-3/TSOT-23-5 400 300 SC 70-5 SC-82 200 100 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 Ambient Temperature (°C) Figure 2. Derating Curve for Packages www.richtek.com 10 DS9198/A-12 May 2008 RT9198/A Outline Dimension H D L C B e A A1 b Symbol Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Min Max Min Max A 0.889 1.295 0.035 0.051 A1 0.000 0.152 0.000 0.006 B 1.397 1.803 0.055 0.071 b 0.356 0.508 0.014 0.020 C 2.591 2.997 0.102 0.118 D 2.692 3.099 0.106 0.122 e 1.803 2.007 0.071 0.079 H 0.080 0.254 0.003 0.010 L 0.300 0.610 0.012 0.024 SOT-23-3 Surface Mount Package DS9198/A-12 May 2008 www.richtek.com 11 RT9198/A H D L B C b A A1 e Symbol Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Min Max Min Max A 0.889 1.295 0.035 0.051 A1 0.000 0.152 0.000 0.006 B 1.397 1.803 0.055 0.071 b 0.356 0.559 0.014 0.022 C 2.591 2.997 0.102 0.118 D 2.692 3.099 0.106 0.122 e 0.838 1.041 0.033 0.041 H 0.080 0.254 0.003 0.010 L 0.300 0.610 0.012 0.024 SOT-23-5 Surface Mount Package www.richtek.com 12 DS9198/A-12 May 2008 RT9198/A H D L C B e A A1 b Symbol Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Min Max Min Max A 0.700 1.000 0.028 0.039 A1 0.000 0.100 0.000 0.004 B 1.397 1.803 0.055 0.071 b 0.300 0.510 0.012 0.020 C 2.591 3.000 0.102 0.118 D 2.692 3.099 0.106 0.122 e 1.803 2.007 0.071 0.079 H 0.080 0.254 0.003 0.010 L 0.300 0.610 0.012 0.024 TSOT-23-3 Surface Mount Package DS9198/A-12 May 2008 www.richtek.com 13 RT9198/A H D L B C b A A1 e Symbol Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Min Max Min Max A 0.700 1.000 0.028 0.039 A1 0.000 0.100 0.000 0.004 B 1.397 1.803 0.055 0.071 b 0.300 0.559 0.012 0.022 C 2.591 3.000 0.102 0.118 D 2.692 3.099 0.106 0.122 e 0.838 1.041 0.033 0.041 H 0.080 0.254 0.003 0.010 L 0.300 0.610 0.012 0.024 TSOT-23-5 Surface Mount Package www.richtek.com 14 DS9198/A-12 May 2008 RT9198/A H D L B C b A A1 e Symbol Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Min Max Min Max A 0.800 1.100 0.031 0.044 A1 0.000 0.100 0.000 0.004 B 1.150 1.350 0.045 0.054 b 0.150 0.400 0.006 0.016 C 1.800 2.450 0.071 0.096 D 1.800 2.250 0.071 0.089 e 0.650 0.026 H 0.080 0.260 0.003 0.010 L 0.210 0.460 0.008 0.018 SC-70-5 Surface Mount Package DS9198/A-12 May 2008 www.richtek.com 15 RT9198/A D e H L B C b1 b A A1 e Symbol Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Min Max Min Max A 0.800 1.100 0.031 0.043 A1 0.000 0.100 0.000 0.004 B 1.150 1.350 0.045 0.053 b 0.150 0.400 0.006 0.016 b1 0.350 0.500 0.014 0.020 C 1.800 2.450 0.071 0.096 D 1.800 2.200 0.071 0.087 e 1.300 0.051 H 0.080 0.260 0.003 0.010 L 0.200 0.460 0.008 0.018 SC-82 Surface Mount Package www.richtek.com 16 DS9198/A-12 May 2008 RT9198/A D L E1 E e A2 A A1 b Symbol Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Min Max Min Max A 0.810 1.100 0.032 0.043 A1 0.000 0.150 0.000 0.006 A2 0.750 0.950 0.030 0.037 b 0.220 0.380 0.009 0.015 D 2.900 3.100 0.114 0.122 e 0.650 0.026 E 4.800 5.000 0.189 0.197 E1 2.900 3.100 0.114 0.122 L 0.400 0.800 0.016 0.031 8-Lead MSOP Plastic Package DS9198/A-12 May 2008 www.richtek.com 17 RT9198/A D2 D L E E2 1 e b A A1 SEE DETAIL A 2 1 2 1 A3 DETAIL A Pin #1 ID and Tie Bar Mark Options Note : The configuration of the Pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be located within the zone indicated. Symbol Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Min Max Min Max A 0.700 0.800 0.028 0.031 A1 0.000 0.050 0.000 0.002 A3 0.175 0.250 0.007 0.010 b 0.200 0.350 0.008 0.014 D 1.950 2.050 0.077 0.081 D2 1.000 1.450 0.039 0.057 E 1.950 2.050 0.077 0.081 E2 0.500 0.850 0.020 0.033 e L 0.650 0.300 0.026 0.400 0.012 0.016 W-Type 6L DFN 2x2 Package Richtek Technology Corporation Richtek Technology Corporation Headquarter Taipei Office (Marketing) 5F, No. 20, Taiyuen Street, Chupei City 8F, No. 137, Lane 235, Paochiao Road, Hsintien City Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. Taipei County, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel: (8863)5526789 Fax: (8863)5526611 Tel: (8862)89191466 Fax: (8862)89191465 Email: [email protected] www.richtek.com 18 DS9198/A-12 May 2008