ST75C530 ST75C540 SUPER INTEGRATED DEVICES WITH DSP, AFE & MEMORIES FOR TELEPHONY, MODEM, FAX OVER INTERNET & POTS LINES SUMMARIZED FEATURES (for detailed features, see page 4) .. . . .. .. .. .. .. SINGLE CHIP FAX Up to 14.4Kbps (V.17) FULL DUPLEX DATA MODEM UP TO 14.4Kbps (V.32Bis) DIGITAL ANSWERING MACHINE : - 4.8Kbps VOCODER - VARIABLEPLAYBACK SPEED (+50% to -50%) - ADPCM 32, 34, 16Kbps VOCODER FULL-DUPLEX DIGITAL SPEAKERPHONE WITH ECHO CANCELLATION PROGRAMMABLE RING DETECTION 16 PROGRAMMABLE TONE DETECTORS FOR CLID AND SCWID DTMF DETECTION VERSATILE HOST INTERFACES 16 GENERAL PURPOSE I/O PORTS 2 RELAY DRIVE OUTPUTS SINGLE 5V POWER SUPPLY TYPICAL ACTIVE POWER CONSUMPTION : 650mW (ST75C530), 750 mW (ST75C540) LOW POWER MODE < 30mW 80-PIN TQFP PACKAGE (14mm x 14mm) DESCRIPTION ST75C530 and ST75C540 are two super-integrated devices including DSP, Modem and Audio Analog Front Ends and memories for Telephony, Modem and FAX applications. These devices can be used for classical applications over POTS lines or over Internet. The super integration technology allows a significant cost reduction on bill of materials for equipment like High-End phones, INTERNET phones, phone-Fax, INTERNET FAX, ... The devices are used with a host processor through a Dual Port RAM allowing the use of any kind of microcontroller (RISC, CISC, General Purpose 8-bit µC, ...). February 1999 TQFP80 (14 x 14 x 1.4mm) (Full Thin Plastic Quad Flat Pack) ORDER CODE : ST75C530FP-A ST75C540FP-A The embedded software includes : - handset with listening group capability, - full duplex handsfree, - voice coder/decoderat 4.8Kbpsfor staticanswering machine applications and ADPCM 16Kbps, 24Kbps and 32Kbps for high quality message recording, - Tone and DTMF generators, - Tone and DTMF detectors, - FAX up to 14.4Kbps, - Data-Modem up to 14.4Kbps (ST75C540 only). The DSP sofware is extensively user configurable allowing specific functions to be supported like Caller Identifier (CLID) and Second Call Waiting Identifier (SCWID). The DSP software includes a transparent mode allowing the host controller to access directly the modem Analog Front End and the Audio AFE through the dual Port RAM. This is very useful for hostprocessing modem solutions (or soft modem) where the modulation and the demodulation (V.34, V.90) are done by the application main processor. In transparent mode, the embedded DSP can be used simultaneously with the same samples. The transparentmode for audio AFE is provided to play audio files or to record voice and/or audio. 1/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 CONTENTS Page I DETAILED FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 II II.1 II.2 II.3 II.4 II.5 II.6 PIN DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PIN CONNECTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HOST INTERFACE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ANALOG INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GENERAL PURPOSE IO AND RELAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MISCELLANEOUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POWER SUPPLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 III BLOCK DIAGRAMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 III.1 III.2 ANALOG INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8 IV ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 IV.1 IV.2 IV.3 IV.4 IV.5 IV.6 MAXIMUM RATINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DIGITAL INTERFACE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MODEM ANALOG INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AUDIO ANALOG INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 9 10 11 11 12 V FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 V.1 V.2 V.3 V.3.1 V.3.2 V.3.3 V.3.4 V.3.5 V.3.6 V.3.7 V.3.8 V.3.9 V.3.10 V.3.11 V.3.12 V.3.13 V.3.14 V.4 V.4.1 V.4.2 V.4.3 V.4.4 V.4.5 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MODES OF OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Modem Transmitter Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Modem Receiver Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tone Generator Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tone Detector Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V.21 Channel 2 Flag Detector Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HDLC Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UART Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DTMF Detector Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ring Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VOCODER Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Voice Activity Detector (VAD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telephony Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Low Power Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MODEM INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analog Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General I/O and Relay Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crystal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Typical Application Schematic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Host Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 15 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 VI VI.1 VI.2 VI.3 VI.4 VI.5 USER INTERFACE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DUAL PORT RAM DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . COMMAND SET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . COMMAND SET SHORT FORM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . STATUS - REPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DATA EXCHANGES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 21 25 26 27 27 2/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 VIII STATUS DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 VIII.1 VIII.2 COMMAND ACKNOWLEDGE AND REPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MODEM STATUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 44 IX TONE DETECTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 IX.1 IX.2 IX.3 OVERVIEW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EXAMPLE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 53 59 X PARALLEL DATA EXCHANGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 X.1 X.2 X.3 X.4 X.5 X.6 OVERVIEW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TRANSMIT BUFFER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RECEIVE BUFFER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INTERRUPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DATA FORMAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FORM COMMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 60 61 61 61 63 XI TRANSMITTING DATA IN PARALLEL MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 XI.1 XI.2 XI.3 XI.4 XI.5 XI.6 XI.7 DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MODEM FLOW CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HOST FLOW CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ERROR DETECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SYNCHRONOUS MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HDLC MODE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UART MODE DESCRIPTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 65 65 66 66 67 69 XII XII.1 XII.2 XII.3 XII.4 XII.5 XII.6 XII.7 RECEIVING IN PARALLEL MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MODEM FLOW CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HOST FLOW CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ERROR DETECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SYNCHRONOUS MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HDLC MODE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UART MODE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 70 70 70 71 72 72 74 XIII VOCODER DATA EXCHANGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 XIII.1 XIII.2 XIII.3 XIII.4 OVERVIEW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VOCODER BUFFER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TRANSMIT (DECODER) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RECEIVE (CODER) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 74 74 75 XIV TRANSPARENT MODE DATA EXCHANGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 XV DEFAULT CALL PROGRESS TONE DETECTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 XVI DEFAULT ANSWER TONE DETECTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 XVII ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 XVIII PCB DESIGN GUIDELINES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 XIX APPENDIX A : MODES OF OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 XX PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 3/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 I - DETAILED FEATURES Single Chip Fax - ITU-T V.17, V.29, V.27ter, V.21 with Fax support - V.17 , V.29 (T104 ), V.2 7te r sho rt tra in s, V.33 half-duplex - V.21 flag detection and 4 tone detection during high speed reception modes - V.21 flag detection, DTMF detection and 4 tone detection duringV.21 channel 2 reception modes - Programmable call progress and call waiting detection - Parallel data handling - HDLC and UART framing support - 1700Hz and 1800Hz carrier - Full implementation of the V.17, V.33, V.29 and V.27 handshakes - 0 to -15dBm programmable transmit power - 0 to -47dBm receiver dynamic range (ST75C530) 0 to-45dBm receiver dynamic range (ST75C540) Full Duplex Data Modem - ITU-T V.32bis, V.32 (14400, 12000, 9600, 7200, 4800bps) (*) - Maximum round trip delay : 1.2s (satellite hops) (*) - Up to 10Hz of phase roll on far end echo (*) - ITU-T V.22bis, V.22 (2400, 1200bps) (*) - V.32bis/V.32/V.22bis/V.22automode (*) - ITU- V.23, V.21, bell 103 full-duplex, Bell202 demodulator - -10 to -25dBm programmable transmit power - -10 to -38dBm receiver dynamic range (*) - HDLC and UART framing support - Train based on quality line sampling (*) (*) ST75C540 only Digital Answering Machine - Low bit rate speech coder (4800bps) - Variable playback speed (+50% to -50%) - ARAM compatibility (error correction) - ADPCM 32, 24, 16Kbps - Line echo cancellation - Voice activity detector - Concurrent DTMF and tone detection 4/84 Handset Mode - Rx and Tx AGC versus line current for line losses compensation comply with most of country regulations - Dynamic limiter in transmit path to prevent distortion - Two way conversation recording Hands-free Mode - Full duplex speakerphone using LMS adaptative filtering including line echo cancellation and acoustic echo cancellation - Rx and Tx AGC versus line current for line losses compensation comply with most of country regulations - Dynamic limiter in transmit path to prevent distortion - Loudspeaker volume control - Two way conversation recording Extended Modes of Operations - Programmable ring detection - 16 programmable tone detectors - Tone and DTMF generators - Caller ID reception - Transparent mode allowing direct transfer of Modem AFE and audio AFE samples to and from host processor for soft Modem applications and sound files playing - DTMF detection - Wide dynamic range (>48dB) Versatile Interfaces - Parallel 128 x 8-bit dual port RAM - General purpose 16 I/O ports - 2 relay drive outputs - Full diagnostic capability - Dual 8-bit DAC for constellation display Single 5V Power Supply - Typical active power consumption : 650mW (ST75C530), 725mW (ST75C540) - Low power mode < 30mW ST75C530 - ST75C540 II - PIN DESCRIPTION GIO11 GIO12 GIO13 GIO14 GIO15 GIO16 GIO17 CLKOUT XPLL DGND5 DVDD5 XTALL EXTALL TEST0 RESET SPK3N SPK3P SPK2N SPK2P AVDDA II.1 - Pin Connections 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 SPK1N 1 60 GIO10 SPK1P 2 59 DVDD4 AGNDTA 3 58 DGND4 VREFN 4 57 GIO07 VREFP 5 56 GIO06 VCM 6 55 GIO05 AGNDRA 7 54 GIO04 MIC1 8 53 GIO03 MIC2 9 52 GIO02 MIC3 10 51 DVDD3 RxA 11 50 DGND3 AVDDM 12 49 GIO01 AGNDM 13 48 GIO00 TxA2 14 47 RING TxA1 15 46 RELAY1 EYEX 16 45 RELAY0 EYEY 17 44 RGND DGND6 18 43 INT/MOT DVDD6 19 42 SINTR DGND1 20 41 SCS 75C53001.EPS SA6 SA5 SA4 SA3 SA2 SA1 SA0 SDS SR/W DVDD2 DGND2 SD7 SD6 SD5 SD4 SD3 SD2 SD1 SD0 DVDD1 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 5/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 II - PIN DESCRIPTION (continued) II.2 - Host Interface The exchanges with the control processor proceed through a 128 x 8 DUAL port RAM shared between the ST75C530/540 and the Host. The signals associated with this interface are : Pin Name Type Description SD0..SD7 I/O System Data Bus. 8-bit data bus used for asynchronous exchanges between the ST75C530/540 and the Host through the dual port RAM. High impedance when exchanges are not active. SA0..SA6 I System Address Bus. 7-bit address bus for dual port RAM, IO and interrupt registers. SDS (SRD) I System Data Strobe. In Motorola mode SDS initiates the exchange, active low. In Intel mode SRD initiates a read exchange, active low. SR/W (SWR) I System Read/Write. In Motorola mode SR/W defines the type of exchange read/write. In Intel mode SWR initiates a write exchange, active low. SCS I System Chip Select. Active low. SINTR OD System Interrupt Request. Open drain. Active low. This signal isasserted by the ST75C530/540 and negated by the host. RESET I Reset. Active low. INT/MOT I Select Intel or Motorola Interface II.3 - Analog Interface Pin Name Type Description TxA1 O Transmit Analog Output 1 TxA2 O Transmit Analog Output 2 RxA I Receive Analog Input SPK1P O Speaker Output 1, (differential positive), must be connected through Amplifier to the loudspeaker. SPK1N O Speaker Output 1, (differential negative) SPK2P O Speaker Output 2, (differential positive), must be connected through Amplifier to the Handset loudspeaker. SPK2N O Speaker Output 2, (differential negative) SPK3P O Speaker Output 3, (differential positive) SPK3N O Speaker Output 3, (differential negative) MIC1 I Microphone Input 1 MIC2 I Microphone Input 2 MIC3 I Microphone Input 3 VCM I/O Analog Common Voltage (nominal +2.5V). This input must be decoupled with respect to AGND. VREFN I Analog Negative Reference (nominal 1.25V). This input must be decoupled with respect to VCM. VREFP I Analog Positive Reference (nominal 3.75V). This input must be decoupled with respect to VCM. II.4 - General Purpose IO and Relay Pin Name Type Description GIO[0,7] I/O GIO[10,17] I/O General Purpose I/O Pins, can be independently selected as input or output. RELAY0, RELAY1 OD Relay Outputs, Open Drain, Active Low. Can sink -10mA to RGND. RING I RGND PWR 6/84 General Purpose I/O Pins, can be independently selected as input or output. Ring detect signal. Active low. If the ST75C530/540 is in low power mode, a low level will awake the chip. This input is a Schmidt’s trigger. Relay Digital Ground. To connect to GND. ST75C530 - ST75C540 II - PIN DESCRIPTION (continued) II.5 - Miscellaneous Pin Name Type Description EYEX O Constellation X analog coordinate EYEY O Constellation Y analog coordinate XTAL O Internal Oscillator Output. Left open if not used. EXTAL I Internal Oscillator Input, or External Clock Input. XPLL I Reserved for future use, must be connected to digital ground. CLKOUT O Output Clock, EXTAL/2 (not available in low power mode). TEST0 I Test pin for normal operation, must be connected to digital ground. Note : The nominal frequency of the crystal oscillator is 44.2368MHz with a precision better than ± 100ppm. II.6 - Power Supply Symbol DVDD Nber 6 Parameter Digital +5V. DGND 6 Digital Ground. AVDD 2 Analog +5V. AGND 3 Analog Ground. 7/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 III - BLOCK DIAGRAMS III.1 - Analog Interface TXA1 15 DAC MUTE HYBRID 14 Line TXA2 11 ADC RXA MUTE [0..-30]dB Step 3dB 1 2 DAC SPK1 76 MUTE SPK3 77 78 MUTE 9 ADC 8 SPK2 MIC2 MIC1 75C53002.EPS 79 10 MIC3 ST75C530/540 RELAY1 46 GIO AND RELAY 16 EYEX EYE DAC 17 EYEY SINTR 42 RAM 6144 WORDS ANALOG FRONT END TIME BASE ROM 16368 WORDS AUTOTEST 1024 INSTRUCTIONS 8/84 72 XTAL OSC Instruction Bus PROM 26624 INSTRUCTIONS 68 CLKOUT 73 EXTAL ST18932 DSP (24Mips) 47 RING 75C53003.EPS Pins 22 to 29 SD[0..7] 45 DUAL PORT RAM Data Bus Pins 34 to 40 SA[0..6] RELAY0 ST75C530/540 Pins 60 to 67 GIO1[10..17] Pins 48-49 Pins 52 to 57 GIO0[0..7] III.2 - Internal Block Diagram ST75C530 - ST75C540 IV - ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS IV.1 - Maximum Ratings (AGND = DGND = RGND = 0V, all voltages with respect to 0V) Symbol Parameter AVDD Analog Power Supply DVDD Value Unit -0.3, 6.0 V Digital Power Supply -0.3, 6.0 V II Input Current per Pin (except supply pins and RELAY0 and RELAY1) -10, +10 mA IO Output Current per Pin (except supply pins and RELAY0 and RELAY1) -20, +20 mA IO2 Output Current per Pin RELAY0 or RELAY1 (respect to RGND) -40, 0 mA VIA Analog Input Voltage -0.3, AVDD + 0.3 V VID Digital Input Voltage -0.3, DVDD + 0.3 V 5.25 V 0, +70 °C - 40, +125 °C 1500 mW VIDGPIO Digital Input Voltage at GPIO Toper Operating Temperature Tstg Storage Temperature Ptot Maximum Power Dissipation Warning : Operation beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device. Normal operation is not guaranted at these extremes. IV.2 - Recommended Operating Conditions (AGND = DGND = RGND = 0V, all voltages with respect to 0V) Symbol Parameter VDD Supply Voltage IDD Supply Current PDLP Min. Typ. Max. Unit 4.75 5 5.25 V 130 145 150 165 mA mA 30 mW 790 866 mW mW ST75C530 ST75C540 Low Power PD Power VCM Common Mode Voltage Output (refer to AVDD/2) ICM Common Mode Current (see Note 1) ST75C530 ST75C540 650 725 -5 +5 100 % µA Note 1 : DC current only. If dynamic load exists, the VCM output must be buffered or the performances of ADCs and DACs will be degraded. 9/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 IV - ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (continued) IV.3 - Digital Interface (AVDD = DVDD = 5V, AGND = DGND = RGND = 0V) except XTAL, EXTAL, RING. Symbol Parameter Min. VIH High Level Input Voltage 2.2 VIL Low Level Input Voltage -0.3 VOH High Level Output Voltage (Iload = -2mA, Iload = -4mA for SD[7..0]) 2.4 VOL Low Level Output Voltage (Iload = 2mA, Iload = 4mA for SD[7..0]) ILEAK Input Leakage Current -10 IOL Low Level Output Current (except RELAY0 and RELAY1, and SINTR) (0 < VOL < VOLMax.) -2 IOH High Level Output Current (except RELAY0 and RELAY1, and SINTR) (0 < VOL < VOLMax.) IOZ GIO Three State Input Leakage Current (GND < VO < VDD) -50 IOZ SD Three State Input Leakage Current (GND < VO < VDD) -50 Low Level Output Current RELAY0 or RELAY1 (VOL = 0.8V) -10 IOLRELAY Typ. Max. Unit V 0.8 V V 0.4 V 10 µA mA 2 mA 0 50 µA 0 50 µA 0 mA CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR VIH High Level Input Voltage VIL Low Level Input Voltage IH High Level Input Current IL Low Level Input Current 3.5 V 1.5 V µA -20 20 µA 2.8 V RING (this input have hysteresis) VIH High Level Input Voltage VIL Low Level Input Voltage 1 IH High Level Input Current -20 IL Low Level Input Current 10/84 2.4 1.2 V µA 20 µA ST75C530 - ST75C540 IV - ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (continued) IV.4 - Modem Analog Interface AVDD = DVDD = 5V, Tamb = 25oC Measurement bandwidth is flat from 100Hz to 4800Hz ;Load impedance 10kΩ, 20pF For differential output (TxA1/TxA2) : 0dBr = 1.77VRMS 1kHz sinwave (equivalent to 5VPP). For single input (RxA) : 0dBr = 886mVRMS 1kHz sinwave (equivalent to 2.5VPP). Symbol Pin Name Rxrin RxA Rxmac Input Impedance Min. Typ. DC Reference Voltage Rxsndr Signal to (Noise + Distortion), at -6dBr Rxin TxA1/TxA2 TxAcl Unit 2.5 VPP kΩ 2.5 V 75 dB Idle Noise Rxov Max. 100 Maximum AC Input Voltage = 0dBr Rxdc TxAdrl Parameter DC Offset Voltage (Input = VCM) -50 Minimum Differential Load 10 -81 dBr 100 mV kΩ Maximum Differential Load 20 TxArout Output Impedance 100 Ω TxAmac Maximum AC Differential Output = 0dBr 5 VPP TxAdc DC Reference Voltage TxAov DC Offset Voltage TxAsndr -200 Signal to (Noise + Distortion), at -6dBr TxAin 2.5 pF V 200 mV -85 dBr 79 dB Idle Noise IV.5 - Audio Analog Interface AVDD = DVDD = 5V, Tamb = 25oC Measurement bandwidth is flat from 100Hz to 4800Hz ;Load impedance 10kΩ, 20pF For differential output (SPK1N/SPK1P, SPK2N/SPK2P, SPK3N/SPK3P) : 0dBr = 1.77VRMS 1kHz sinwave (equivalent to 5VPP). For single input (MIC1, MIC2, MIC3) : 0dBr = 886mVRMS 1kHz sinwave (equivalent to 2.5VPP). Symbol Pin Name RArin MIC1, MIC2, MIC3 RAmac Parameter Input Impedance Min. RAdc DC Reference Voltage Distortion at -6dBr RAin Idle Noise DC Offset Voltage (Input = VCM) -50 Minimum Differential Load 10 TArout TAmac Maximum AC Differential Output = 0dBr DC Reference Voltage TAov DC Offset Voltage TAdis Distortion at -6dBr TAin Idle Noise 2.5 VPP 2 % -81 dBr 50 mV V kΩ Output Impedance TAdc Unit 2.5 RAov SPK1N/SPK1P, SPK2N/SPK2P, SPK3N/SPK3P Max. kΩ Maximum AC Input Voltage = 0dBr RAdis TAdrl Typ. 100 100 Ω 5 VPP 2.5 -200 V 200 mV 1 % -81 dBr 11/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 IV - ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (continued) IV.6 - AC Electrical Characteristics WRITE CYCLE READ CYCLE SCS Motorola mode SA[0..6] SR/W 1 3 2 1 4 2 5 SDS Intel mode WR RD 11 6 SD[0..7] 7 10 12 IN OUT 8 9 SINTR GIO(out), RELAY 13 14 Number 12/84 75C53004.EPS GIO(in) Description Min. Typ. Max. 5 Unit 1 Address and Control Set-up Time ns 2 Address and Control Hold Time 3 Write Enable Low State 45 ns 4 Read Enable Low State 45 ns 5 Access Inhibition High State 70 ns 6 Data Set-up Time 10 ns 7 Data Hold Time 5 ns 8 GIO Output, Relay, SINTR Clear Delay 9 GIO Output Hold Time 10 Read Data Access Time 35 ns 11 Data Valid to Tristate Time 15 ns 12 Data Hold Time 13 GIO Input Delay Time 14 GIO Input Hold Time 20 50 0 ns ns 5 ns 40 0 ns ns ns ST75C530 - ST75C540 V - FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION V.1 - System Architecture The chip allows the designof a completeFAX, Data Modem, Hands-Free Telephone and Answering Machine system. A versatile dual port RAM allows an easy interface with most micro-controllers. V.2 - Modes of Operation Refer to Appendix A for Block Diagrams. V.3 - Operations V.3.1 - Modem Transmitter Description The signal pulses are shaped in a dedicated filter further combined with a compromise transmit equalizer suited for transmission over strongly distorted lines. 3 different compromise equalizers are available and can be selected by software. V.3.2 - Modem Receiver Description The receiver section handles complex signals and uses a fractionally spaced complex equalizer. It is able to cope with distant modem timing drifts up to 10-4 as specified in the ITU-T recommendations. It also compensates for frequency drift up to 10Hz and for phase jitter at multiple and simultaneous frequencies. V.3.3 - Tone Generator Description Four tones canbe simultaneouslygeneratedby the ST75C530/540. These tones are determined by their frequenciesand by the output amplitude level. A set of specific commands are also available for DTMF generation.Any of the4 tonegeneratorscan be output independently either on the Audio DAC or the line DAC. V.3.4 - Tone Detector Description During TONE (respectively TONECID) Mode sixteen (respectively eight) tones can be simultaneously detected by the ST75C530/540. Each of the tones to be detected is defined by the coefficients of a 4th order programmable IIR. Detection thresholds are programmable from -51dBm up to -6dBm. These primary detectors can detect tone up to 3.3kHz (sampling rate 7.2kHz in all modes). They also have a programmable internal wiring feature (see Chapter IX). In all modes, except Handset (HANDSET) and Full Duplex V.3 2bis/V.3 2/V.22bis/V.22 (Modem) modes, 4 additional tone detectors (each of them being a 4th order programmable IIR) are concurrently running. In Handset mode only 2 additional tone detectors are available. Detection thresholds are programmable from -51dBm up to -6dBm. This secondary programmable detector can detect tones up to 1.8kHz by default set-up with a sam- pling rate at 4.8kHz. But this 4 additional tone detectors can also detect tones up to 3.3kHz with a sampling rate at 9.6kHz. In order to avoid wrong detectgion, relative detectgion is also provided. V.3.5 - V.21 Channel 2 Flag Detector Description In all the ReceiveFAX Modes, including V.21 Channel 2 Mode, the ST75C530/540 processes a V.21 Flag “7E” detector, either in the idle state, the train sequence or the data mode. The detection time is 3 consecutive flags to detect and 1 byte to loose the detection. V.3.6 - HDLC Description In all FAX Modes (MODEM), including V.21 Channe l 2 Mo d e, a n d a ls o F u ll Du p le x V.32bis/V.32/V.22bis/V.22 (Modem) modes, a HDLC framing and deframing is supported by the ST75C530/540. The number of transmitted flags can be programmed. V.3.7 - UART Description In Full Duplex V.32bis/V.32/V.22bis/V.22 Modem Modes and TONECIDV.23receive mode, a parallel UART is performed by the ST75C530/540. This UART manage the Break signal either at the transmit and the receive bit stream. The Data format supported are 7 and 8 bit of Data; even, odd or no Parity, 1 or 2 stop bits. V.3.8 - DTMF Detector Description ADTMF Detector is includedin the ST75C530/540, it allows detection of valid DTMF Digits. A valid DTMF Digit is defined as a dual tone with a total power higher than -43dBm, a duration higher than 40ms and a differentialamplitude within ±8dB. This DTMF Detector is enabled in all modes except in Fax Modem, Data Modem and Handset modes. It is also enabled in V.21 Channel 2 Receive Mode. The DTMF thresholds and duration can be changed from they default value by overwriting DSP’s RAM locations. In the default setup, this detector is compliant with the NET4 standard. The frequencydeviation can be changedby overwriting the default DTMF’s filters coefficients. V.3.9 - Ring Detector This detector detects RING signal from 15Hz to 68Hz, it can be programmed to expand the minimum and maximum detection frequency up to 12Hz (for min) and 144Hz (for max). The detection time is equal to one period of the ring signal, and the loose time to the minimum between one period of the ring signal and the inverse of the minimum frequency. The associated STA_RING status is as Figure 1. 13/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 V - FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Figure 1 RING T1 T2 T3 1/Fmax prog. < T1 < 1/Fmin prog. T2 < 1/Fmax prog. T3 ≈ 1/Fmin prog. V.3.10 - VOCODER Description The Vocoder mode allows the implementation of an answering machine function. In the CODER mode the received samples from one of the two analog inputs, Line or Audio, are compressed by the ST75C530/540 and written into the dual port RAM Vocoder Buffer (VOCxxx). At the same time the ST75C530/540 is looking for an incoming DTMF tone and 4 different programmable tones. In the DECODER mode the compressed samples are read from the dual port RAM, decompressed and transmitted to one of the two analog output, Line or Micx. The ST75C530/540 synthesises an estimation of its echo and subtracts it from the re ce iv e d s ig n a l. A t t he s a me t ime th e ST75C530/540 is looking for an incoming DTMF tone and 4 different tones. Two algorithms of voice coding are implemented : - Low bit rate speech coder (4800bps or 5300bps with forward error correction). - ADPCM (ST proprietary algorithm) at 32, 24 and 16Kbps. If the low bit rate coder algorithm is selected the ST75C530/540 has the capability to slow down or speed up the DECODER flow up to ±50%. This 75C53005.EPS STA_RING function allows a quick message listening if speed up is used, or at the opposite if slow down is used, an enhancement of the voice intelligibility. V.3.11 - Voice Activity Detector (VAD) In CODER Mode, for both of the Voice Coding algorithms, a Voice Activity Detector is implemented while coding by the ST75C530/540. The STA_109 bit and STA_109F bit reflect the state of the VAD. After the CONF command the VAD is on (assume voice). The default time-out to detect silence is 2 secondsand the set-up time to detect the voice is 15ms. This VAD information is also copied into the Receive Buffer Status Word MSB (VOCSTA bit7). This detector is fully programmable in level sensitivity (down to -60dBm), hysteresis, and various criteria. An optional silence suppressor is implemented in the Coder section to suppress long silence in the incoming message. When enabled (CONF_SUPSIL equal 1) if a long silence is detected (STA_109 equal 0) the ST75C530/540stops generating Buffer Interrupts. After that if a voice is again detected the ST75C530/540will resume the Buffer Interrupt mechanism. Figure 2 Rx Signal Interrupt (IT1) 14/84 75C53006.EPS 2s STA_109 (or VOCSTA bit 7) ST75C530 - ST75C540 V - FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) V.3.12 - Telephony Functions ST75C530/540 telephony software provides both handset and handsfree modes. ST75C530/540 is connected to the phone line through a D.A.A., handset and loudspeaker are connected to ST75C530/540 through amplifiers. tions. The software implementedin ST75C530/540 allows functions such as softclipping, AGC in both modes, and full duplex mode in handsfree(see Figure 3). Though the D.A.A. has to comply with modem/fax regulations in most of the applications, the microphone and the earphone amplifier gains will be adjusted in compliance with the telephony regula- In handset mode, all the attenuations (_SPKGAIN, _TXGAIN, _MIKGAIN) are from 0dB to -inf (32768 steps). AGC and softclipping functions can beenabledand disabledby software (see Figure 4). V.3.12.1 - Handset Mode Figure 3 : Handset/HandsfreeMode Operation TxA1 ATT_TX 2 TONE GENERATOR 15 DAC MUTE HYBRID 14 Line TxA2 11 ADC RxA MUTE [0..-30]dB Step 3dB CODER AGC DAC 1 2 SPK1 76 MUTE SPK3 77 HANDSFREE/ HANDSET ALGORITHMS AGC 78 MUTE 79 9 2 TONE DETECTORS ATT_MIC DG ADC 8 SPK2 MIC2 75C53007.EPS DUAL RAM INTERFACE MIC1 10 MIC3 Figure 4 : Handset Mode _MIKGAIN AGC = F(ILINE) _TXGAIN MIC2 Softclipping TxA1 TxA2 DP_RING _SPKGAIN SPK2_1 SPK2_2 75C53008.EPS RxA AGC = F(ILINE) 15/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 V - FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Tx Characteristics Symbol Gtx Ntx Mmic VLpeak Dtx Parameter Test Conditions Transmit Gain Min. Typ. Max. Unit _MIKGAIN=7FFF,_TXGAIN=7FFF, AGC disabled VMIC2 = -21dBV VMIC2 = -9dBV 18 8 dB dB Transmit noise 2kΩ between MIC2 and GND -73 dBmp Microphone mute VMIC2 = -21dBV 60 dB Transmit softclipping level on TxA1-TxA2 _MIKGAIN=7FFF,_TXGAIN=7FFF, AGC disabled see Figure 3, VMIC2 = -9dBV 2.5 Vpp Transmit distortion _MIKGAIN=7FFF,_TXGAIN=7FFF, AGC disabled see Figure 3, VMIC2 = -9dBV 2 % Max. Unit Rx Characteristics Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. _SPKGAIN=7FFF , AGC disabled, VRXA = -16 dBV Grx Receive Gain Nrx Receive noise Mrx Mute VRXA = dBV Dtx Receive distortion (SPK2 output) _SPKGAIN=7FFF , AGC Disabled, V RXA = -16dBV 6 dB -79 dBmp 60 AGC The line current information is coming from the D.A.A. on DP_RING pin (frequencycoded information using by example a TS555 general purpose timer). The AGC has a 6dB depth . Theattenuation table can be loaded to comply with each country regulation. The default table has the following values. The value of the AGC gain is applied to both Tx and Rx path (see Table 1). The address of the table is given in the register @_TABLE. The table length is 53. The AGC is enabled using CONF or MODC command (see paragraph ”VII COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION”. Once the AGC is running, it is possible to freeze the AGC gain with the register AGC_FRZ. Softclipping The softclipping introduces a 12dB gain and has a 18dB depth. The softclipping value is half digital range (4000 Hex) (see Figure 5). dB 2 % Figure 5 : Softclipping Static Gain Tx Softclipping and Distortion (mVRMS) 104 VTxA1-TxA2 (VRMS) Distortion D (%) 12 10 8 103 6 4 102 2 0 2 10 3 10 VMICX (mVRMS) 10 Table 1 : AGC Gain versus Period Information Period (ms) <9 10 10.8 11.6 14.5 13.3 14.1 15.5 16.6 17.5 18.3 19.1 20 >20 Table Index <13 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 >24 0 0.7 1.5 2.2 3 3.4 4 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.6 5.8 6 Gain (dB) 16/84 75C53009.EPS Symbol ST75C530 - ST75C540 V - FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) V.3.12.2 - Handsfree Mode The ha ndsfree uses a MIC1 and a SPK1 as microphone and loudspeaker interface (see Figure 6). Figure 6 : Handsfree Mode : Full Duplex + - _TXGAIN ACOUSTIC FILTER ADAPTIVE ATTENUATOR ADAPTIVE FIR FILTER NLMS ADAPTIVE FIR FILTER CONTROL NLMS _SPKGAIN SPK1P SPK1N AGC = F(IL) TxA1 TxA2 AGC = F(IL) ADAPTIVE ATTENUATOR - 75C53010.EPS _MIKGAIN MIC1 RxA + Softclipping Tx Characteristics Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Gtx Transmit Gain _MIKGAIN=7FFF,_TXGAIN=7FFF ,AGC disabled, VMIC1 = -21dBV 24 dB Ntx Transmit noise 2kΩ between MIC1 and GND -70 dBmp Mmic Microphone mute VMIC1 = - dBV 60 Dtx Transmit distortion _MIKGAIN=7FFF,_TXGAIN=7FFF ,AGC disabled, VMIC1 = -9dBV dB 2 % Max. Unit Rx Characteristics Symbol Parameter Grx Receive Gain Mrx Mute Dtx Receive distortion (SPK1 output) Test Conditions Min. _SPKGAIN=7FFF, AGC disabled, V RXA = -33dBV Typ. 24 dB 60 _SPKGAIN=7FFF, AGC disabled, V RXA = -33dBV dB 2 % AGC The AGC has the same behavior as in Handset mode. Furthermore, the maximum gain added by AGC can be fixed by using the RX_GAINMAX and TX_GAINMAX registers. Softclipping See Figure 7. System Stability Parameter Loop attenuation in Rx RxA to TxA1-TxA2 Test Conditions Min. Speaker gain is 12dB, Mike gain is 14dB 20 dB 20 dB Loop attenuation in Tx MICx to SPK1P-SPK1N Analogique sidetone not used (see DAA schematics) Typ. Max. Unit It is possible to add some gain switching in the Tx and Rx path (to reduce the gain of the loop) by using the GAIN_RCV and GAIN_XMT registers. 17/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 V - FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Figure 7 : SPK1 Distortion versus RxA V.3.13 - Low Power Mode Sleep state can be attained by a SLEEPcommand. When in sleep mode, the dual port RAM is unavailable and the clocks are disabled. Wh en e ntering th e lo w p ower mod e, th e ST75C530/540stops its oscillator, all the peripherals of the DSP core are stopped in order to reduce the power consumption. The dual port RAM is made inaccessible. The ST75C530/540 can be awakened by a hardware reset, a RING signal or a dummy write at any location in the dual port RAM. There is a maximum time of 20ms to restart the oscillator after waking up and an additional 5ms after the interrupt to be able to accept any command coming from the host. Rx Softclipping and Distortion (mVRMS) 103 D (%) 12 10 8 102 6 4 VSPK1 (VRMS) Distortion 10 0 103 102 VMIC2 (mVRMS) 75C53011.EPS 2 Figure 8 : Speaker and Line Tx Power Spectrums POWER SPEC1 POWER SPEC2 64Avg 64Avg 0%Ovlp 0%Ovlp Ftop Ftop 0.0 0.0 dBm Speaker Output RMS V2 dB Line Tx -80.0 -80.0 Fxd Y O Hz Note : Acoustic echo from speaker to microphone input with no local speech. Receiving speech on line input. 5k 75C53012.EPS RMS Vv2 V.3.14 - Reset After a hardware reset, or an INIT command, the ST75C530/540 clears all its internal memories, clears the whole dual port RAM and starts to initialize the delta sigma analog converters. As soon as t he se in it ia lizat ion s are c omplete d, t he ST75C530/540 generates an interrupt IT6 (command acknoledge) and is programmed to send and receive tones, the sample clock are programmed to 9600Hz. The total duration of the reset sequence is about 5ms. After that time the ST75C530/540 is readyto executecommands sent by the host microcontroller. The duration of the reset signalshould be greater than 700ns. V.4 - Modem Interface V.4.1 - Analog Interface Refer to Block Diagram on page 7. V.4.2 - General I/O and Relay Interface 16 pins are dedicated to the general I/O port. Two are dedicatedto Relaydriver. The equivalent schematic is as follows : see Figure 9. Figure 9 GIO0[x] RELAY[y] IODIR0[x] IODATA0[x] (read) 18/84 D Q IORELAY[y] (write) IORELAY[y] (read) D Q N RGND 75C53013.EPS IODATA0[x] (write) ST75C530 - ST75C540 V - FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) V.4.3 - Crystal The crystal frequency must be 44.2368MHz for ST75C530 and 49.152MHz for ST75C540 with an accuracy better that ±100 ppm. When using a third harmonic crystal the schematic must be as follow : see Figure 10. The crystal features are : - third harmonic, - parallel, load capacitance = 10pF, - æ 100ppm from 0oC to 70oC, - RS < 50Ω, - ATcut (example : SM55-10 MATEL). to allow transmission of Modem signal up to 10dBm and reception up to -10dBm. The OPAmps are +12/0V powered. With this application schematic the out of band transmit spectrum(from 4kHz to 50kHz) is below -72dBm. Figures 13 and 14 are examples of applicationschematicswhich respectsgainvalue(respectivelyforfax and voice application and for Modem application) andthe minimum differentialloadonTxA1 andTxA2. V.4.5 - Host Interface The host interface is seen by the micro as a 128x8 RAM, with additional registers accessible through an 8-bit address space. A selection Pin (INT/MOT) allows to configurethe host bus for either INTEL or MOTOROLA type control signals. Figure 10 ST75C540 73 Figure 11 72 XTALL XTAL H3 ** 600Ω TxA1 1:1 +8dB RxA Cb 10nF * Wire wound inductor recommanded (Example : SIGMA-SC30) ** Thrird harmonic (Example : MATEL-SM55-10) XTAL H3 : 44.2368MHz (ST75C530) 49.152MHz (ST75C540) V.4.4 - Typical Application Schematic The Figure 11 is a block diagram designedto allow transmission of fax signals up to +0dBm and sine wave up to +6dBm on the telephone line. It allows receptionof fax signals up to 0dBm and sine waves up to +6dBm.Figure12 is a blockdiagramdesigned -10dB 75C53015.EPS C1 10pF COG -1/2 2.2nF VCM 75C53014.EPS C2 27pF COG Line TxA2 L* 0.82µH (ST75C530) 0.68µH (ST75C540) Figure 12 600Ω TxA1 0dB 1:1 Line TxA2 -1/2 RxA 0dB 75C53016.EPS EXTALL 2.2nF VCM 19/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 V - FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (continued) Figure 13 : Fax Mode 56.2kΩ 1% 270pF 470nF 18.2kΩ 1% +12V TxA1 560Ω TxA2 470nF 18.2kΩ 1% 1:1 * 470nF GND 470pF 47.5kΩ 30kΩ 1% 22nF 6.21kΩ 1% +6V +6V +12V 470nF 1.2kΩ +6V +6V +6V +6V 2.2nF 24.3kΩ 1% 470nF VCM GND 10kΩ 1% * Insertion loss = 2.5dB between 0 and 3.4kHz 75C53017.EPS RxA Figure 14 : Data Mode 24kΩ 1% 270pF 470nF 18.2kΩ 1% +12V TxA1 560Ω TxA2 1:1 * 470nF 470nF 18.2kΩ 1% GND 470pF 47.5kΩ 22nF 30kΩ 1% 6.21kΩ 1% +6V +6V +12V 1.2kΩ 470nF +6V +6V +6V +6V 2.2nF VCM GND 33kΩ 1% 20/84 24.3kΩ 1% 470nF * Insertion loss = 2.5dB between 0 and 3.4kHz 75C53018.EPS RxA ST75C530 - ST75C540 VI - USER INTERFACE VI.1 - Dual Port Ram Description The dual port RAM is the standard interface between the host controller and the ST75C530/540, for either commands or data. This memory is addressed through a 7-bit address bus. The locations from $00 to $3F are RAM location, while locations from $40 to $60 are control registers dedicated to the interrupt handling and the general IO port and Relay output. Severalfunctionalareas are defined in the dual port RAM mapping : - the command area, - the report area, - the status area, - the optional status area, - the data buffer area, - the interrupt control area, - the general I/O and Relay Output area. VI.1.1 - Mapping VI.1.1.1 - Command Area The command area is located from $00 to $04. Address $00 holds the command byte COMSYS, and the next four locations hold the parameters COMPAR[0..3].The command parametersmust be entered before the command word is issued. Once the command has been entered,the commandbyte is reset and an acknowledge report is issued. Anew command should not be issued before the acknowledge counter COMACK is incremented. VI.1.1.2 - Report Area The report area is located from address $05 to address $07. Location $05 holds the acknowledge counter COMACK. Each time a command is acknowledged, the report bytes COMREP[0..1] (if any) are written by the ST75C530/540 into locations $06 and $07, and the content of COMACK is in c re me n t e d. T h is c o u nt er allo ws t he ST75C530/540 to accurately monitor the command processing. VI.1.1.3 - Status Area The statusarea is located from address$08 to $0B. The errorstatusword SYSERRislocatedat address $08. This error status word is updatedeach time an error condition occurs. An optional interruption IT0 may additionallybe triggeredin the case of an error condition. Locations $09 and $0A hold the general status bytes STATUS[0..1]. The meaning of the bits dependson the mode of operation,and is described in Chapter VIII. The third byte at address $0B holds the Quality Monitor byte STAQUA. VI.1.1.4 - Optional Status Area The user can program (through the DOSR command) the four locations STAOPT[0..3] of the Optional Status Area ($0C to $0F) for the real time monitoring of four arbitrary memory locations. VI.1.1.5 - Data Buffer Area The data area is made of four 8-byte buffers (see Paragraph VI.1.3 “Host Interface Summary”). Two are dedicated to transmission and the two others to reception. Each of the four buffers is attached to a status byte. the meaningof the status byte depends on the selected format of transmission. Within each buffer, D0 represents the first bit in time. VI.1.1.6 - VOCODER Buffer Area (VOCODER Mode) This area is made of a 18+2 byte buffer. This buffer contains the VOCODER frame. The first 18 bytes VOCDATA contain the coded frame and the other 2 bytes VOCCORR the Error corrections bit (only valid in low bit rate mode). In the Receive Mode (CODER) the ST75C530/540 codes the received samples and writes the corresponding bytes in the buffer. If the low bit rate mode is selected, the ST75C530/540computes the Error corrections 2 bytes and writes them in the buffer. I n t h e Tran smit Mod e (DE CO DER ) t h e ST75C530/540reads the 18 coded bytes decodes them and sends the signal to the analog output. In the low bit rate mode if the Error Correction is enabled, prior the decoding, the ST75C530/540 reads the 2 Error Correction Bytes and, if any, corrects the first 18 bytes. A mechanism of flags to share the buffer access between the ST75C530/540and the hostcontroller is controlled by the VOCSTA byte : - In CODER mode, when the ST75C530/540 has finis-hed writing the VOCDATA and VOCCORR bytes, it writes $14 in VOCSTA and generate an Interrupt IT1. The host must read the Data buffer then clear the VOCSTA byte. - In DECODER mode, the host must feed the VOCDATA and, optionaly,the VOCCORR bytes, then write $14 (if low bit rate) or $12 (if ADPCM) in VOCSTA. The ST75C530/540 will read the VOCDATA and VOCCORR bytes, clear the VOCSTA and generate an Interrupt IT1. A silence frame can be generated, in either low bit rate or ADPCM mode, by writing 00 in all the VOCDATA buffer, including the Error Correction Bytes VOCCORR. 21/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VI - USER INTERFACE (continued) VI.1.1.7 - Interrupt Control Area The interrupt area, that start after the address $40 controls the behaviour of the Interrupts mechanism. Register ITSRCR defines the source of the interrupt, the register ITMASK allows independent enabling or disabling of any of the interrupt’s source, registers ITREST0 to ITREST6 reset the corresponding interrupt source. Theseregistersare not affectedby a INITcommand, they are only reseted by a Hardware RESET signal. VI.1.1.8 - General IO and Relay Output Area A set of 5 registers is directly accessible by the controller to program the General IO pins and Relay Outputs (see Paragraph VI.1.3 “Host Interface Summary”). Two registers IODIR0 and IODIR1 define the type of the IO pin, either Input or Output (0 = input, 1 = output), and two registers IODATA0 and IODATA1 define the IO pin signals. The fifth register defines the Relay output signals. Theseregistersare not affectedby a INITcommand, they are only reseted by a Hardware RESET signal. The general IO are setup as input after the power up or an hardware RESET. The relay output are open after power up or an hardware RESET. VI.1.2 - Interruptions The ST75C530/540 can generate 7 interrupts for the controller. The interrupt handling is made with a set of registers located from $40 to $5F. The interruptions generated by the ST75C530/540 come f ro m sev eral so urces. Once th e ST75C530/540raises an interrupt, a signal (SINTR) is sent to the controller. The controller has then to processthe interruptandclearit. Theinterruptsource can be examined in the interrupt source register ITSRCR located a $50. According to the ITSRCR bits, the interrupt source can be determined. Then 22/84 writing a zero at one of the memory location $40 to $46 (Reset Interrupt Register ITRES[0..6]) will reset the corresponding interrupt (and thus acknowledge it). The source of the interrupt can be masked globally or individually using the Interrupt Mast register ITMASK located at $4F. The interrupt sources are : - IT0 : Error This signifies that an error has occurred and the error code is available in the error status byte SYSERR. This byte can be selectively cleared by the CSE command. - IT1 : VOCODER Buffer Each time the ST75C530/540 have coded a frame (CODER Mode) or decoded a frame (DECODER Mode) this interrupt is generated. - IT2 : Tx Buffer Each time the ST75530/C540frees a data buffer, this interrupt is generated. - IT3 : Rx Buffer Each time the ST75C530/540 has filled a data buffer, this interrupt is generated. - IT4 : Status Byte This signifies that the status byte has changed and must be checked by the controller. - IT5 : Low Power Mode The ST75C530/540has been awakened from the low power mode by a low level on the RING pin or a dummy write issued by the host. - IT6 : Command Acknowledge This signifies that the ST75C530/540 has read the last command entered by the host, incremented the command counter COMACK, and is ready for a new command. Note : Interrupt registers are cleared after a Hardware RESET. These registers are not affected by a INIT Command. ST75C530 - ST75C540 VI - USER INTERFACE (continued) Figure 15 : Functional Schematic ITREST 0 (write only) R Q S IT0 : Error ITREST 1 (write only) R Q S ITREST 2 (write only) IT1 : VOCODER Buffer R Q S IT2 : Tx Buffer ITREST 3 (write only) R Q S IT3 : Rx Buffer ITREST 4 (write only) R Q S IT4 : Status ITREST 5 (write only) R Q S IT5 : Low Power ITREST 6 (write only) R Q S IT6 : Command ITSRCR (read only) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ITMASK (read write) 7 75C53019.EPS SINTR (open drain) 23/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VI - USER INTERFACE (continued) VI.1.3 - Host Interface Summary Address (hex) Description Size (Byte) Mnemonic COMMAND AREA $00 Command 1 COMSYS $01-$04 Command Parameters 4 COMPAR[0..3] $05 Acknowledge Counter 1 COMACK $06-$07 Report 2 COMREP[0..1] $08 Error Status 1 SYSERR $09-$0A General Status 2 STATUS[0..1] $0B Quality Monitor 1 STAQUA $0C-$0F Optional Report 3 STAOPT[0..3] REPORT AREA STATUS AREA DATA BUFFER AREA (FAX Modes and Data Modes) $1C Data Rx Buffer 0 Status 1 DTRBS0 $1D-$24 Data Rx Buffer 0 8 DTRBF0[0..7] $25 Data Rx Buffer 1 Status 1 DTRBS1 $26-$2D Data Rx Buffer 1 8 DTRBF1[0..7] $2E Data Tx Buffer 0 Status 1 DTTBS0 $2F-$36 Data Tx Buffer 0 8 DTTBF0[0..7] $37 Data Tx Buffer 1 Status 1 DTTBS1 $38-$3F Data Tx Buffer 1 8 DTTBF1[0..7] VOCODER BUFFER AREA (Vocoder Mode) $1C Vocoder Buffer Status 1 VOCSTA $1D-$2E Vocoder Buffer Data 18 VOCDATA $2F-$30 Vocoder Buffer Corrector 2 VOCCORR $40-$46 Reset Interrupt Register 7 ITREST[0..6] $4F Interrupt Mask Register 1 ITMASK $50 Interrupt Source Register 1 ITSRCR INTERRUPT AREA GENERAL IO AND RELAY $60 I/O Direction 0 1 IODIR0 $61 I/O Direction 1 1 IODIR1 $62 I/O Data 0 1 IODATA0 $63 I/O Data 1 1 IODATA1 $64 I/O Relay Register 1 IORELAY Note : Registers which address is higher or equal to $40 are not affected by a INIT Command or a Low Power wake-up. They are reseted only by a Hardware RESET. 24/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VI - USER INTERFACE (continued) VI.2 - Command Set The Command Set has the following attractive features : - user friendly with easy to remember mnemonics, - possibility of straightforward expansion with new commands to suit specific customer requirements, - easy upgrade of existing software using previous modem based SGS-THOMSON products. The command set has been designedto providethe necessaryfunctionalcontrolon the ST75C530/540. Each command is classified according to its syntax and the presence/absence of parameters. In the case of a parametric command, parameters must first be written into the dual port RAM before the command is issued. Acknowledge and error report is issued for each command entered. SYNC FAX Synchronize. Start/Stopof FAXHalfduplex receiver. Parametric command. CSE ClearStatusError.SelectivelyclearstheError statusbyteSYSERR.Parametric command. SETGN Set Gain. This command sets the global gain factor, which is used for the transmit samples. Parametric command. VI.2.1.2 - Data Communication Commands XMIT FORM VI.2.1 - Command Set Summary VI.2.1.1 - Operational Control Commands INIT IDT SLEEP HSHK STOP RTRA Initialize. Initialize the modem engine. Set all parameters to their default values and wait for commands of the control processor. Non parametric command. Identify. Return the product identification code. Non parametric command. Tu rn to low po we r mo d e, t h e ST75C530/540 enters the low power mode and stops its crystal oscillator to reduce power consumption. In this mode all the clocks are stopped and the dual RAM is unreachable. Handshake. Begins the handshake sequence.The modem engine generates all the sequences defined in the ITU-T recommendations. A status report indicatesto the controlprocessorthe state of the handshake. This command only applies to modes where a handshake sequence is defined. A CONF command must have been issued prior to the use of HSHK. Non parametric command. FAX Sto p. Sto p FAX Half-duplex transmitter. Non parametric command. Retrain. Begin a retrain sequence in V.32bis/V.32 or V.22bis modes as d e s cr ib e d in the I TU-T recommendations (ST75C540 only). Tra n s mit Da ta . St a rt /st o p th e transmission of data. After a XMIT command, the ST75C530/540sends the data contained in its dual port RAM. Selects the Transmission Format. This command configures the data interface for bo th re ceive r and tra nsmitter according to the selected data format. Parametric command (HDLC, UART or synchronous). VI.2.1.3 - Memory Handling Commands MWI MWLO MW MRI MRLO MR CR Memory Write Indirect Memory Write Low Word Memory Write. This command is used to write an arbitrary 16-bit value into the writable memory location currently specified by a parameter. Parametric command. Memory Read Indirect Memory Read Low Word MemoryRead. This command allows the controller to read any of the ERAM or CRO M (S T7 5 C5 3 0 /5 40 me mo ry spaces) location without interrupting the processor. Parametric command. Complex Read. This command allows the controller to read at the same time the real and imaginary part of a complex value stored in a double ERAM or CROM location. This feature is very interesting for eye pattern software control and for equalization monitoring. This command insures that the real and imaginary parts are sampled in the memory at the same time (integrity). Parametric command. 25/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VI - USER INTERFACE (continued) VI.2.1.4 - Configuration Control Commands ASEL Select the Analog path option, like Microphone input, Speaker attenuation. Parametric command. CONF Configure. This command configures the modem engine for data transmission and handshake procedures (if any) in any of the supported modes. The transmission parameters are set to their default values and can be modified with the MODC command. Parametric command. MODC Modify Configuration. This command allows modification of some of the parameters which have been set up by the CONF command. It can also be used to alter the mode of operations (short train). Parametric command. DOSR Define Optional Status Report. This command allows the modification of the optional status report located in the status area of the dual port RAM. One can thus select a particular parameter to be monitored during all modes of operation. Parametric command. DSIT Define Status Interrupt. This command allows the programming of the status word bit that will generate an Interrupt to the controller. Parametric command. VI.2.1.5 - Tone Generation Commands TONE DEFT TGEN SelectTone. Programsthe tonegenerator(s) for the desired default tone(s). Additional mnemonics provide quick programming of DTMF tones or other currently used tones. Parametric command. De f ine To n e . Pro gra ms t h e t o n e generator(s) for arbitrary tone synthesis. Parametric command. Tone Generator Control. Enables or dis a b le s t he t on e ge n era t or(s). Parametric command. VI.2.1.6 - Tone Detection Commands TDRC TDWC TDRW 26/84 Read Tone Detector Coefficient. Read on e To n e De t e ct or Coe f f ic ie nt . Parametric command. Write Tone Detector Coefficient. Write on e To n e De t e ct or Coe f f ic ie nt . Parametric command. Read Tone Detector Wiring. Read one Tone Det ecto r Wirin g co nne ction. Parametric command. TDWW Write Tone Detector Wiring. Write one Tone De tecto r Wiring connection. Parametric command. TDZ Clear Tone Detector Cell. Clear internal variables of a Tone Detector Cell. Parametric command. VI.2.1.7 - Miscellaneous Commands CALL Call a Subroutine. Call a subroutine with one Parameter. Parametric command. JSR Call a Low Level Subroutine. Call an internal subroutine with one parameter. Parametric command. VI.3 - Command Set Short Form Mnemonic XMIT SETGN SLEEP HSHK RTRA* INIT CSE FORM DOSR ASEL TONE TGEN DEFT MR CR MW DSIT IDT JSR CALL TDRC TDRW TDWC TDWW TDZ CONF MODC STOP SYNC MRI MRLO MWI MWLO * ST75C540 only. CCI Command Value Description 0x01 Transmit Data 0x02 Set Transmit Gain 0x03 Power Down the ST75C530/540 0x04 FAX Start Transmitter 0x05 Retrain (V.32bis/V.32 and V.22bis) 0x06 Initialize (Software Reset) 0x08 Clear Error Status Word 0x09 Define Data Format 0x0A Define Optional Status Report 0x0B Select the Analog Path Options 0x0C Generate Predefined Tones 0x0D Enable Tone Generator 0x0E Define Arbitrary Tone 0x10 Memory Read 0x11 Complex Read 0x12 Memory Write 0x13 Define Status Interrupt 0x14 Return Product Identification Code 0x18 Call a Low Level Routine 0x19 Call a Routine 0x1A Tone Detector Read Coefficient 0x1B Tone Detector Read Wiring 0x1C Tone Detector Write Coefficient 0x1D Tone Detector Write Wiring 0x1E Tone Detector Clear Cell 0x20 Configure 0x21 Modify Default Configuration 0x25 FAX Stop Transmitter 0x26 FAX Synchronize Receiver 0x28 Memory Read Indirect 0x29 Memory Read Low Word 0x2A Memory Write Indirect 0x2B Memory Write Low Word ST75C530 - ST75C540 VI - USER INTERFACE (continued) VI.4 - Status - Reports VI.4.1 - Status The ST75C530/540 has a dedicated status reporting area located in its dual port RAM. This allow a continuous monitoring of the status variables without interrupting the ST75C530/540. The first status byte gives the error status. Issuing of an error status can also be flagged by a maskable interrupt for the controller. The signification of the error codes are given in Chapter VIII. The second and third status bytes give the general status of the modem. These status include for example the ITU-T circuit status and other items described in Chapter VIII “STATUS DESCRIPTION”. These two status can generate, when a change occurs, an interrupt to the controller ; each bit of the two byte word can be masked independently. The forth byte gives in real time a measure of the receptionquality. Thisinformationmay be used by the controller to monitor the quality of the received bits. Four other locations are dedicated for custom status reporting. The controller can program the ST75C530/540 for a real time monitoring of any of its internal RAM location. High byte or low byte of any word can thus be monitored. VI.4.2 - Reports The ST75C530/540 features an acknowledge and report facility. The acknowledge of a command is monitored by a counter COMACK located in the dual port RAM. Each time a command is read from the command area, the ST75C530/540 will increment this counter. For instance, when a MR (Memory Read) command is issued, the data is first written in the report area, and the counter is incremented afterwards. This way of processinginsures data integrity and gives additional synchronization between the controller and the data pump. VI.5 - Data Exchanges The ST75C530/540 accepts many kinds of data exchange: the defaultmode uses the synchronous parallel exchange. Other modes include HDLC framing support and UART. Detailed description of the Data Buffer Exchanges modes is available in the paragraph X. VI.5.1 - Synchronous Parallel Mode The data exchanges are made through the dual port RAM and are byte synchronous oriented. The double buffer facilities of the ST75C530/540 allow an efficient buffering of the data. VI.5.1.1 - Transmit The controller must first fill at least the first buffer of data (Tx Buffer 0) with the bits to be transmitted. In order to perform this operation, the controller must first check the Tx Buffer 0 status word DTTBS0. If this buffer is empty, the controller fills the data buffer locations (up to 64 bits), and then writes in DTTBS0 the number of bytes contained in the buffer. The controller can then either proceed with the second buffer or initiate the transmission with a XMIT command. The ST75C530/540copies the contentsof the data buffer and then clears the buffer status word in order to make it again available, then generates an IT2 interrupt. The number of bytes specified by the status word is then queued for transmission. The process goes on with the two buffers until an XMIT command stops the transmission. After the finishing XMIT command has been issued, the last buffers are emptied by the ST75C530/540. Errors occur when both buffersare empty while the transmit bit queue is also empty. Error is signalled with an IT0 interruption to the controller. VI.5.1.2 - Receive The controller should take care of releasing the Rx buffers before the Data Carrier Detect goes true. This is made by writing zero in the Rx Buffer Status 0 and 1. The ST75C530/540 then fills the first buffer, and once filled sets the status word with the number of bytes received and then generates an IT3 interrupt. It then takes control of the second buffer and operates the same way. The controller must check the status of the buffers and empty them. Once the data read, the controller must release the used buffer and wait for the next buffer to be filled. Error occurs when both buffers are declared full, and incoming bits continue to arrive from the line. Error is signaled by an IT0 interrupt. VI.5.2 - HDLC Parallel Mode This mode implements part of the High Level Data Link Control formats and procedures. It is well suited for error correcting protocols like ECM or FAXT4/T30 recommendations.It supportsthe flagging generation,16-bit Frame Check Sequence,as well as the Zero insertion/deletion mechanism. VI.5.3 - UART Parallel Mode This mode implement a 7 or 8 bit data format, it is well suited for Caller ID or Minitel applications. 27/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION Commands are presented according to the following form : COMMAND Opcode COMMAND Command Name Meaning Hexadecimal digit X X X X X X X X Synopsis Short description of the functions performed by the command. Parameters Field Byte Pos. Value Definition Name X b..a Explanation of the parameter Default value xx * Field Byte Pos. Value Name of the addressed bit field. Index (or address in the dual port RAM) of the parameter byte (from 1 to 4). Bit field position inside the parameter byte. Can either be a single position (from 0 to 7, 0 being LSB) or a range. Possiblevaluesforthebit(resp. bitfield). Rangemeansallvaluesare allowed.Astarmeansa default value. Valuesare expressed eitherunderthe form of a bit string, or underhexadecimal format. ASEL Opcode: ASEL 0B 0 Synopsis Parameters 0 0 1 0 1 1 Select the analog path options. This command select the Attenuation/Mute of the outputs TxA1/TxA2 and SPK1/SPK2/SPK3. This command select also the source of the Mic signal MIC1/MIC2/MIC2 and the source of the Line Signal RxA/MIC3. Field ASEL_ASPK1 Byte 1 Pos. 7..4 ASEL_MICSEL 2 1..0 ASEL_LINESEL 2 2 ASEL_ESPK1 2 3 ASEL_ESPK2 2 4 ASEL_ESPK3 2 5 ASEL_MTXA 2 7 CALL Opcode: 0 Value 0000* 0001 0010 ... 1010 1011 Other 00* 01 10 11 0* 1 0* 1 0* 1 0* 1 0* 1 Definition Infinity attenuation 30dB attenuation 27dB attenuation ... 3dB attenuation 0dB attenuation Reserved Select Rx input as MIC1 Select Rx input as MIC1 Select Rx input as MIC2 Select Rx input as MIC3 Select RxA as line input Select Mic3 as line input SPK1 output muted SPK1 output normal SPK2 output muted SPK2 output normal SPK3 output muted SPK3 output normal TxA output normal TxA output muted CALL Call a Subroutine 19 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 Synopsis CALL allows to execute a part of the ST75C530/540 firmware with a specific argument. Field Byte Pos. Value Definition Parameters C_ADDR_L C_ADDR_H C_DATA_L C_DATA_H 1 2 3 4 7..0 7..0 7..0 7..0 Low byte of the call address High byte of the call address Low byte of the argument High byte of the argument This instruction can be used with SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics Application Laboratory Support for special applications development or debugging needs. Contact your local representative. 28/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) CONF Opcode : 0 Synopsis 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 CONF allows the complete definition of the ST75C530/540 operation, including the mode of operation (Tone, FAX Transmit, Voice Transmit, Voice Receive, DTMF Receiver, ...) and the Modem or Vocoder Parameters (Standard, speed, ...). According with the 4 first bits of the CONF Parameter the ST75C530/540 is put into the following mode of operation. CONF_ OPER 0000* 0001 0010 0100 1000 1001 1100 1111 Other Notes : CONF Configure for Operations 20 Mode TONE TONECID(1) DECODER TRANSPARENT CODER ROOM-MONITOR HANDSET/HANDSFREE MODEM Reserved Detectors Tone 16 6 0 6 0 0 0 0 (2) Tone 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2(7) (3) DTMF Ring VAD V.21 Flag CPT (5) Answ (6) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No(4) Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No No No No No No Yes No No No Yes Yes No No No No No Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No No(4) Yes Yes No No Yes No No No No 1. This mode includes V.23/Bell202 FSK Demodulator and UART. 2. This primary Tone Detectors allows Detection of signal up to 3.3kHz. (Sampling Rate 7.2kHz). 3. Thissecondary ToneDetectorsallowsDetectionofsignalupto1.8kHz(withSamplingRate4.8kHz) or upto3.3kHz(withSamplingRate9.6kHz). 4. The DTMF detector and Call Progress Tone detector (CPT) are available only for V.21 Channel 2. 5. STA_CPT0, STA_CPT1 and STA_CPT10 in STATUS0. 6. STA_CCITT and STA_AT in STATUS1. 7. Not available in V.32bis/V.32. 29/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) Parameters When the CONF_OPER is set to F, selecting the Modem Mode of operation,the parameters have the following meaning : Field Notes : 30/84 Byte Pos. Value CONF_OPER 1 3..0 1111 Definition CONF_ANAL 1 4 0 1 Normal mode Analog loop back (test mode only) CONF_PSTN 1 5 0 1 PSTN (carrier detect set to -43/-48dBm) Leased line (carrier detect -33/-38dBm) CONF_AO 1 6 0 1 Answer mode Originate mode CONF_DTINIT (only in tone mode) 1 7 0 1 Global init of secondary tone detector Partial init of secondary tone detector (8) CONF_MODE 2 5..0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D Other CONF_TXEQ 2 7..6 0 1 2 3 No transmit equalizer Transmit equalizer #1 Transmit equalizer #2 Transmit equalizer #3 (V.17/V.33/V.29/V.27ter) CONF_CAR 3 0 0 1 1800Hz carrier (V.17/V.33 only) 1700Hz carrier (V.17/V.33 only) CONF_TCM 3 1 0 1 Treillis coding not allowed (V.32 only) Treillis coding allowed (V.32bis, V.32) CONF_SP0 3 7..4 xxx1 xx1x x1xx 1xxx 1200bps allowed (V.22, V.22bis) (10) 2400bps allowed (V.22bis, V.27) (10) 4800bps allowed (V.32bis, V.32, V.27, V.29) (10) 7200bps allowed (V.32bis, V.29, V.17) (10) CONF_SP1 4 2..0 xx1 x1x 1xx 9600bps allowed (V.32bis, V.32, V.29, V.17) (10) 12000bps allowed (V.32bis, V.17, V.33) (10) 14400bps allowed (V.32bis, V.17, V.33) (10) Select Modem Mode Automode (V.32bis/V.32/V.22bis/V.22) (9) Bell 103 (full duplex) (9) Bell 212A (full duplex) V.21 (full duplex) V.23 (full duplex) V.22 (full duplex) (9) V.22bis (full duplex) (9) V.27ter V.29 V.17 V.32 (full duplex) (9) V.32bis (full duplex) (9) V.33 (half duplex) V.21 channel 2 Reserved 8. With conf 80 00 00 00 the coefficients of secondary tone detectors are not initialized. 9. ST75C540 only. 10. V.22bis, V.22, V.32bis and V.32 modes ST75C540 only. ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) Parameters CODER and DECODER Modes In the VOCODER Modes, either CODER or DECODER, (CONF_OPER equals 2 or 8) the parameters have the following meaning : Byte Pos. Value CONF_OPER Field 1 3..0 - Define mode : see table above Definition CONF_CODE 3 0 0 1 Low bit rate coded ADPCM coded CONF_VPF 3 1 0 1 Decoder post filter off Decoder post filter on (not in ADPCM) CONF_VASP 3 3..2 00 01 10 11 ADPCM 32000 bps ADPCM 24000 bps ADPCM 16000 bps Reserved CONF_EC 3 4 0 1 Line echo canceller disabled Line echo canceller enabled CONF_SRC 3 5 0 1 Coder source is line input Coder source is audio input CONF_SUPSIL 3 6 0 1 Coder silence supressor disabled Coder silence supressor enabled CONF_ERCOR 3 7 0 1 Low bit rate decoder disable error correction Low bit rate decoder enable error correction Parameters ROOM-MONITOR Mode In the ROOM MONITOR Mode (CONF_OPER equals 9) the parameters have the following meaning : Byte Pos. Value CONF_OPER Field 1 3..0 1001 CONF_EC 3 4 0 1 Definition Define ROOM-MONITOR mode Line echo canceller disabled Line echo canceller enabled Parameters HANDSET/HANDSFREE Mode In the HANDSET/HANDSFREE mode (CONF_OPER equals C), the parameters have the following meaning : Byte Pos. Value CONF_OPER Field 1 3..0 1100 Definition CONF_INHINI 3 6 0 1 Init all telephony parameters Disable init of telephony parameters CONF_HFREE 3 7 0 1 Handset mode Handsfree mode CONF_LEC 4 0 0 1 Line echo canceller enabled Line echo canceller disabled CONF_AEC 4 1 0 1 Audio echo canceller enabled Audio echo canceller disabled CONF_FULLD 4 2 0 1 Full duplex mode enabled Half duplex mode enabled CONF_SOFTRx 4 3 0 1 Softclipping enabled on Rx Softclipping disabled on Tx CONF_AGC 4 4 0 1 AGC active AGC frozen CONF_SOFTTx 4 5 0 1 Softclipping enabled on Tx Softclipping disabled on Rx Define HANDSET/HANDSFREE mode 31/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) CR Opcode: 11 0 Synopsis Parameters 0 0 Field CR_ADDR_L CR_ADDR_H Parameters Byte 1 2 Parameters 0 Field ERR_MASK Parameters 32/84 Value 1 Definition Low byte of the 16-bit address High byte of the 16-bit address CSE 0 1 0 0 Pos. 7..0 Value 0 Definition Error mask. See report appendix for detailed meaning DEFT Define Arbitrary Tone 0E 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 DEFT programs one of the four tone generator for arbitrary tone generation.The parameter is the frequency of the generated tone expressed in Hertz between 0 and 3600Hz. Field TONE_GEN_SL TONE_FREQ_L TONE_FREQ_H TONE_SCALE Byte 1 2 3 4 Pos. 1..0 7..0 7..0 7..0 Value Definition Index of the tone generator (3..0) Low byte of the frequency High byte of the frequency (internally masked with 0F) Amplitude scaling factor (high byte) 3F gives the nominal amplitude DOSR Define Optional Status Report 0A 0 Synopsis Pos. 7..0 7..0 0 Byte 1 DOSR Opcode: 0 CSE is used to clear the ST75C530/540 error status SYSERR byte. It is also used as an acknowledge to the error condition handler. 0 Synopsis 0 08 DEFT Opcode: 0 Clear Error Status 0 Synopsis 1 CR allows thereading ofa complex parameter.The parameterspecifiestheparameteraddress(for the real part : the imaginary part is next location). CR returns the high byte value of both real and imaginary part of the addressedcomplex parameter(see ChapterVIII “STATUS DESCRIPTION”). CSE Opcode: CR Complex Read 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 DOSR specifies the address of the RAM variables to be monitored in the 4 locations STAOPT[0..3] of the dual port RAM. It also specifies the assignment within the 4 locations. Field STA_OPT_ASS STA_OPT_ADL STA_OPT_ADH STA_OPT_HL Byte 1 2 3 3 Pos. 1..0 7..0 3..0 7 Value 0..3 0 1 Definition Index of the STAOPT destination Low byte of source address High byte of source address Select low byte of source Select high byte of source ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) DSIT Opcode: 13 0 Synopsis Parameters Note : 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 DSIT specifies the bit mask used with the STATUS[0] and STATUS[1] byte to generate an interrupt IT4 to controller. Each time a bit change happens in the status words, assuming the corresponding bit mask will be set, an interrupt will be generated. Field STA_IT_MSK0 STA_IT_MSK1 Byte 1 2 Pos. 7..0 7..0 Value Definition Status[0] bit mask pattern Status[1] bit mask pattern The default IT Status is 0x3F for STATUS[0]and 0xFF for STATUS[1]. FORM Opcode: DSIT Define Status Interrupt FORM Select Transmission Format 09 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Synopsis FORM defines the type of transmission used on the line. Parameters Field Byte Pos. Value Note : X_SYNC 1 2..0 X_ANBIT 2 1..0 X_APAR 2 3..2 X_ASTOP 2 5 1. Valid only when transmitting. HSHK Opcode: Parameter HSHK Handshake 04 0 Synopsis Definition Synchronous format Transmit continous “1” (1) HDLC framing Transmit continous ”0” (1) UART 7 Bit per character 8 Bit per character No parity Even parity Odd parity 1 stop bit(1) 2 stop bit(1) 000* 001 010 011 100 00 01 00 01 10 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 HSHK is used to command the ST75C530/540 to begin the transmit handshake sequence processing. The progress of the handshake is reported to the control processor. Non parametric command. 33/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) IDT Opcode: 0 Synopsis Parameter 0 0 Parameter Note : Parameters 0 0 INIT 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 INIT forces the ST75C530/540to reset all parameters to their default conditions and restart operations. Non parametric command. This command makes a software reset of the ST75C530/540 and so cannot have the regular handshake protocol. It does not increment the COMACK, neither generate an Interrupt. JSR Call a Low Level Subroutine 18 0 Synopsis 1 Initialization JSR Opcode: 0 06 0 Synopsis 1 IDT ReturntheST75C530/540HardwareandSoftwarereleasenumber.SeeparagraphVIII.1.4. Non parametric command. INIT Opcode: IDT Identify 14 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 JSR allows to execute a part of the ST75C530/540 firmware with a specific argument. Field C_ADDR_L Byte 1 Pos. 7..0 Value Definition Low byte of the call address C_ADDR_H 2 7..0 High byte of the call address C_DATA_L 3 7..0 Low byte of the argument C_DATA_H 4 7..0 High byte of the argument This instruction can be used with SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics Application Laboratory Support for special applications development or debugging needs. Contact your local representative. 34/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) MODC Opcode: 0 Synopsis 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 MODC allows the modification of the parameters defined by the CONF command. Parameters Field MODC_SDM Byte 1 Pos. 0 MODC_DV21F 1 1 MODC_DDTMF 1 2 MODC_DTDT4 1 3 MODC_DTDT16 1 4 MODC_SH 1 6 MODC_FS 1 7 MODC_V22G (6) 2 1..0 MODC_FPT 2 3..2 MODC_NOTA (6) 2 4 Value 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0* 1 0* 1 00* 01 10 00* 01 10 0* 1 Notes : MODC Modify Configuration 21 MODC_NOSA (6) 2 6 MODC_NOQA (6) 2 7 MODC_ADCFD 3 0..3 MODC_COD 3 5 MODC_LEC 4 0 MODC_AEC 4 1 MODC_FULLD 4 2 MODC_SOFTRx 4 3 MODC_AGC 4 4 MODC_SOFTTx 4 5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 0* 1 0* 1 0000* 0001 0010 0011 1111 1110 1101 0111 Other 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Definition Normal data mode Short data mode (e.g. TVR) (5) Normal V.21ch2 (1) Disable V.21ch2 flag detector Normal DTMF detector (1) Disable DTMF detector Normal secondary tone detector (1) Disable secondary tone detector Normal primary tone detector (1) Disable primary tone detector Normal training sequence Short training sequence (2) Secondary tone detector sampling frequency is 4.8kHz Secondary tone detector sampling frequency is 9.6kHz No guard tone 1800Hz guard tone (V.22bis/V.22) 550Hz guard tone (V.22bis/V.22) No echo protection tone Long echo protection tone (180ms) (4) Short echo protection tone (30ms) (4) Answer mode : generate answer tone for handshake Originate mode : wait answer tone for handshake Answer mode : do not generate answer Originate mode : do not wait answer tone Cut answer tone when receiving AA (V.32bis, V.32) Continue answer tone when receiving AA. Enable V.32bis/V.32 autoretrain on quality. Disable V.32bis/V.32 autoretrain on quality. Low bit rate decoder voice frame duration 30ms (nominal) Low bit rate decoder voice frame duration 35ms (+16%) Low bit rate decoder voice frame duration 40ms (+33%) Low bit rate decoder voice frame duration 45ms (+50%) Low bit rate decoder voice frame duration 25ms (-16%) Low bit rate decoder voice frame duration 20ms (-33%) Low bit rate decoder voice frame duration 15ms (-50%) Low bit rate decoder pause Reserved Low bit rate coder disabled Low bit rate coder enabled(3) Line echo canceller enabled Line echo canceller disabled Audio echo canceller enabled Audio echo canceller disabled(3) Full duplex mode enabled Half duplex mode enabled Softclipping enabled on Rx Softclipping disabled on Rx AGC active AGC frozen Softclipping enabled on Tx Softclipping disabled on Tx In the modes where they are active. Short train sequence must be preceded by at least one successful long train sequence at the same data rate. For V.17 a successful long train at any data rate must preceded the short train. Only coder or decoder can be enabled at the same time. Only when sending V.17, V.33, V.29 or V.27ter. French Minitel Application (TVR : Teletel Vitesse Rapide). ST75C540 only 35/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) MR Opcode: 0 Synopsis 0 0 Byte Pos. 1 7..0 Low byte of the 16-bit address MR_ADDR_H 2 7..0 High byte of the 16-bit address 0 1 Field MRI_IADDR Byte 1 Pos. 7..0 MRI 0 1 0 0 Value 0 Definition Indirect Address MRLO Memory Read Low Word 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 MRLO allows the reading of the memory location which address coresponds to the previous MR or MRI Absolute Adress minus 1. This command must be preceded by a MR or MRI command. This command does not have any parameter. The double word reading is executed by the MR or MRI previous command. MW Memory Write 12 0 36/84 Definition 29 MW Parameters 0 MRI allows the reading of a 16-bit parameter. The parameter specifies an indirect address. Refer to the “RAM Mapping Application Note” (delivered on request according to revision number). The advantage to use MRI instead of MR is that the Indirect Address is constant over the different release of the product. 0 Synopsis Value Memory Read Indirect MRLO Opcode: 0 28 Parameters Synopsis 0 Field 0 Opcode: 0 MR_ADDR_L MRI Synopsis 1 MR allowsthereadingof a 16-bitparameter.The parameterspecifiestheparameteraddress. Parameters Opcode: MR Memory Read 10 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 MW allows the writing of a 16-bit parameter. The parameter specifies the address as well as the value to be transferred. Field MW_ADDR_L Byte 1 Pos. 7..0 Value Definition Low byte of the 16-bit address MW_ADDR_H 2 7..0 High byte of the 16-bit address MW_VALUE_L 3 7..0 Low byte of the 16-bit value MW_VALUE_H 4 7..0 High byte of the 16-bit value ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) MWI Opcode: 0 Synopsis Parameters 0 1 Parameters Pos. 7..0 MWI_IVALUE_L 2 7..0 Low byte of the 16-bit value MWI_IVALUE_H 3 7..0 High byte of the 16-bit value Parameters 1 Value 0 Definition Indirect address MWLO Memory Write Low Word 2B 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 MWLO allows the writing of a 16-bit parameter at the address defined by the following MW or MW Absolute Address minus 1. This command must be followed by a MW or MWI command.The double word writing is executed by the MW or MWI following command. Field MWLO_VALUE_L Byte 1 Pos. 7..0 MWLO_VALUE_H 2 7..0 Value Definition Low byte of the 16-bit value High byte of the 16-bit value RTRA Retrain 02A 0 Synopsis 0 Byte 1 RTRA (ST75C540 only) Opcode: 1 Field MWI_IADDR 0 Synopsis 0 MWI allows the writing of a 16-bit parameter. Theparameters specifies an indirect address as well asthe value to be transferred.Referto the “RAM MappingApplicationNote” (deliveredon request accordingtorevisionnumber).TheadvantagetouseMWIinsteadofMWisthattheIndirectAddress is constant over the differentrelease of the product. MWLO Opcode: MWI Memory Write Indirect 2A 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 RTRAis used to force the ST75C530/540to initiate a retrain sequence or a rate negotiation. If MODC_NOQUA bit is set, the ST75C530/540 will initiate a transmission at the maximum speed defined by the RTRA parameter, otherwise it will found the best reliable speed based on the quality of the line (within the RTRA allowed speed). Field RTRA_NEG0 Byte 1 Pos. 0 Value 0 1 Definition Retrain (V.22bis, V.32, V.32bis) Ratr negotiation (V.32bis, V.22bis) RTRA_SP0 1 7..4 xxx1 xx1x x1xx 1xxx 1200bps 2400bps 4800bps 7200bps RTRA_SP1 2 2..0 xx1 x1x 1xx 9600bps allowed (V.32bis, V.32) 12000bps allowed (V.32bis) 14400bps allowed (V.32bis) allowed (V.22bis) allowed (V.22bis) allowed (V.32bis, V.32) allowed (V.32bis) 37/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) SETGN Opcode: 0 Synopsis SETGN Set Output Gain 02 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 SETGN is a command which sets the scaling factor of the transmit samples. It is used for setting the output level or for setting the level of the tone generators. The gain value is given in the form of a 2’s complement 16-bit value. Parameter Field GAIN_L GAIN_H Byte 1 2 Pos. 7..0 7..0 Value range FF* range 7F* Definition Low byte of the 16-bit gain value High byte of the 16-bit gain value Example Gain (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 Gain (Hex) 7FFF 7214 65AC 5A9D 50C3 Gain (dB) -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 Gain (Hex) 47FA 4026 392C 32F5 2D6A Gain (dB) -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 Gain (Hex) 287A 2413 2026 1CA7 198A The multiplication factor is : 10(-1/20) = 0.89125 for 1dB step. SLEEP Opcode: SLEEP Turn to Sleep Mode 03 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Synopsis SLEEP is used to force the ST75C530/540 to turn to low power mode. Parameter Non parametric command. Note : When receiving this command the ST75C530/540 will stop processing and so cannot have the regular handshake protocol. It does not increment the COMACK, neither generate an Interrupt. STOP Opcode: STOP FAX Stop Transmitter 25 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 Synopsis STOP is used, in FAX Modes, to force the ST75C530/540 to turn off the transmitter in accordance with the corresponding ITU-T V.33/V.17/V.29/V.27recommendation. Parameter Non parametric command. Note : When receiving this command the ST75C530/540 will stop sending regular Data. This command must be preceded by a XMIT Stop command. The ST75C530/540 will wait until all the transmit buffers are sent before starting the Stop sequence. SYNC Opcode: 26 0 Synopsis Parameters 38/84 SYNC FAX Synchronize the Receiver 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 SYNC is used, in FAX Modes, to force the ST75C530/540 to Start/Stop the receiver in accordance with the corresponding ITU-T V.33/V.17/V.29/V.27recommendation.As soon as the ST75C530/540 receives the SYNC Start command it sets its receiver to detect the FAX synchronization signal.This command is the equivalent HSHK command for the receiver. Field RX_SYNC Byte 1 Pos. 0 Value 0* 1 Definition Stop receiver Start receiver synchronization ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) TDRC Opcode: 1A 0 Synopsis TDRC Tone Detector Read Coefficient 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 TDRC Read one Coefficient of the selected Tone Detector Cell. Parameters Field TD_CELL Byte 1 Pos. 4..0 Value 0..13 Definition Tone detector cell number TD_C_ADDR 2 7..0 0..B 10 20 30 (1) 40 (1) Biquad coefficient Energy coefficient Static level Energy coefficient for relative comparison Gain for relative comparison The command answer is : Low Byte of Coefficient followed by High Byte of Coefficient. Note 1 : Value 30 and 40 of byte 2 are available only for secondary tone detector. TDRW Opcode: 0 Synopsis Parameters TDRW Tone Detector Read Wiring 1B 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 TDRW Read Wiring of the selected Tone Detector Cell. Field TD_CELL Byte 1 Pos. 4..0 Value 0..13 Definition Tone detector cell number 0 0 1 Other Biquad and energy input Comparator inputs Reserved For primary tone detector TD_W_ADDR 2 The command answer is : a) If TD_W_ADDR = 0 : - First Byte is the Node Number of the Signal connected to Biquadratic Filter input. - Second Byte is the Node Number of the Signal connected to the Energy estimator input. b) if TD_W_ADDR = 1 : - First Byte is the Node Number of the Signal connected to Comparator Negative input. - Second Byte is the Node Number of the Signal connectedto the Comparator Positive input. For secondary tone detector TD_W_ADDR is not defined. - First byte is 00 if relative comparison is not mandatory, First byte is 01 if relative comparison is mandatory. - Second byte is for the configuration of the secondary tone detector : C0 configuration 1+1 of secondary tone detectors, E0 configuration 1+1+2, F0 configuration 1+1+1. 39/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) TDWC Opcode: 0 Synopsis Parameters Note 1 : 0 0 Field TD_CELL TD_C_ADDR Byte 1 2 Pos. 4..0 7..0 TD_COEFL TD_COEFH 3 4 7..0 7..0 Parameters 1 1 Value 0..13 0..B 10 20 30 (1) (1) 40 0 Definition Tone detector cell number Biquad coefficient Energy coefficient Static level Energy coefficient for relative comparison Gain for relative comparison Low byte of coefficient High byte of coefficient TDWW Tone Detector Write Wiring 1D 0 0 1 1 1 TDWW Write Wiring of the selected Tone Detector Cell. Field TD_CELL Byte 1 Pos. 4..0 Value 0..13 Definition Tone detector cell number Value 0 1 Other Definition Biquad and energy input Comparator inputs Reserved For Primary Tone Detector Field TD_W_ADDR Byte 2 Pos. 0 If TD_W_ADDR = 0 (Select Biquad and Energy Inputs) Field TD_W_ERN TD_W_BIQ Byte 3 4 Pos. Value 0..3F 0..3F Definition Energy estimator signal input Biquad filter signal input If TD_W_ADDR = 1 (Select Comparator Inputs) Field TD_W_CN TD_W_CP Byte 3 4 Pos. Value 0..3F 0..3F Definition Negative comparator signal input Positive comparator signal input Value 00 01 other 0 C0 E0 F0 other Definition Relative comparison not enable Relative comparison enable Reserved Mandatory 1+1 configuration 1+1+2 configuration 1+1+1+1 configuration Reserved For Secondary Tone Detector 40/84 0 Value 30 and 40 of byte 2 are available only for secondary tone detector. 0 Synopsis 1 TDWC Write one Coefficient of the selected Tone Detector Cell. TDWW Opcode: TDWC Tone Detector Write Coefficient 1C Field TD_4DIFF Byte 2 Pos. 7..0 TD_4_CONF TD_4_CONF2 3 4 7..0 7..0 0 1 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) TDZ Opcode: 0 Synopsis 0 Field TD_CELL Byte 1 TGEN Parameters 1 1 1 1 Pos. 4..0 Value 0..13 0 Definition Tone detector cell number TGEN Enable/Disable Tone Generators 0D 0 Synopsis 0 TDZ Clears all internal variables of one Tone detector cell including Filter local variables and energy estimator. This command must be sent after changing coefficients of a cell to avoid instability. Parameters Opcode: TDZ Tone Detector Clear Cell 1E 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 Enable or disable one of the four tone generator, define the output of the tone generator either Line or Audio. Field TONE_0_ENA Byte 1 Pos. 0 TONE_1_ENA 1 1 TONE_2_ENA 1 2 TONE_3_ENA 1 3 TONE_0_OUT 1 4 TONE_1_OUT 1 5 TONE_2_OUT 1 6 TONE_3_OUT 1 7 Value 0* 1 0* 1 0* 1 0* 1 0* 1 0* 1 0* 1 0* 1 Generator #0 Generator #0 Generator #1 Generator #1 Generator #2 Generator #2 Generator #3 Generator #3 Generator #0 Generator #0 Generator #1 Generator #1 Generator #2 Generator #2 Generator #3 Generator #3 Definition disabled enabled disabled enabled disabled enabled disabled enabled output to line output to audio output to line output to audio output to line output to audio output to line output to audio 41/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VII - COMMAND SET DESCRIPTION (continued) TONE Opcode: 0C 0 Synopsis Parameters 0 0 Field TONE_SELECT Byte 1 Pos. 5..0 Value 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F 10 11 12 13 14 TONE_OUT 1 7 0 1 Parameters 42/84 1 1 0 0 Definition DTMF digit 0 DTMF digit 1 DTMF digit 2 DTMF digit 3 DTMF digit 4 DTMF digit 5 DTMF digit 6 DTMF digit 7 DTMF digit 8 DTMF digit 9 DTMF digit A DTMF digit B DTMF digit C DTMF digit D DTMF digit * DTMF digit # Answer tone 2100Hz Tone 1650Hz Tone 2225Hz Tone 1300Hz Tone 1100Hz Output on line Output on audio XMIT Start/stop Transmission 01 0 Synopsis 0 TONE programs the tone generator for the predifined tones. The tone generator #0 and eventualy #1 are reprogrammed with this command. The tone generator #0 and eventualy the #1 are enabled. Using a value not in the following table will disable tone generator #0 and #1. XMIT Opcode: TONE Predefined Tones 0 0 0 0 0 XMIT start or stop the transmission of the Transmit Data. Field TX_START Byte 1 Pos. 0 Value 0* 1 Definition Stop transmission Start transmission 0 1 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VIII - STATUS DESCRIPTION This appendix is dedicated to the ST75C530/540 reporting features. In the following sections the command acknowledge process and the report and status definitions are explained. In the case of a memory reading command (CR, TDRC, TDRW, IDT or MR) once the command entered is executed,the reportarea is filled and the acknowledge counter is incremented afterwards. This insures that the controller will read the value corresponding to its request. Furthermore, the ST75C530/540 resets the value of the COMSYS register and the interruption IT6 is raised. VIII.1 - Command Acknowledge and Report VIII.1.1 - Command Acknowledge Process The ST75C530/540 features an acknowledge process based on a counter COMACK. On poweron reset (or INIT command), this counter’s value is set to 0. Each time a command is successfully executed by the ST75C530/540, the acknowledge counter COMACK is incremented. This allows a precise monitoring of the command entered and avoids command collision. VIII.1.2 - Reports Specification The report section of the Dual Port RAM is dedicated to memoryreading. In response to a CR, MR, MRI, MRLO, TDRC, TDRW, IDT commands, the value read is transferred to the report registers COMREP[0..1]. Figure 16 : Command Acknowledge Process BEGIN COMSYS = 0 No Yes COMMAND EXIST No CLEAR ANSWER EXECUTE COMMAND COPY ANSWER INTO COMREP SET SYSERR ERR_IPRM SET SYSERR ERR_IOCD INCREMENT COMACK ASSERT INTERRUPT IT0 ASSERT INTERRUPT IT0 CLEAR COMSYS ASSERT INTERRUPT IT6 75C53020.EPS Yes END 43/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VIII - STATUS DESCRIPTION (continued) VIII.1.3 - CR Command Issuing a CR command causes the ST75C530/540 to dump a specific memory location in complex mode. This instruction is particularly useful for equalizer state analysis or for software eye-pattern display. The report area has this meaning : RP7 RP6 RP5 RP4 RP3 RP2 RP1 RP0 COMREP[0] IP7 IP6 IP5 IP4 IP3 IP2 IP1 IP0 COMREP[1] RP0..RP7 is the MSB part of the 16-bit value of the real part and IP0..IP7is the MSB part of the imaginary part. The CR command insures that the real and imaginary part of the desired complex value are sampled internally at the same time. The address given in the parameter field of CR is the address of the real part. VIII.1.4 - MR/TDRC/TDRW/IDT/MRI/MRLO Commands The report issued by the MR/TDRC/TDRW/IDT/MRI/MRLO commands follow the same rules as for CR. The report meaning is : D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 COMREP[0] D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 COMREP[1] D0..D15 is the 16-bit value requested by the command. In the case of IDT,D15..D12 containsthe productidentification(3 for ST75C530,7 for ST75C5540), D11..D8 contains the hardware revision identification and D7..D0 contains the software revision identification. VIII.2 - Modem Status VIII.2.1 - Modem Status Description The Status of ST75C530/540 is divided into 4 fields : - The error status byte SYSERR that provides information about error. This status can trigger an IT0 interrupt, - The general status byte STATUS[0] and STATUS[1] that contains all the modem signals. These status bytes can trigger an IT4 interrupt, - The quality status STAQUA, that contains the quality of the received transmission, - The optional status bytes STAOP[0], STAOP[1], STAOP[2] and STAOP[3], that contains additional information regarding the ST75C530/540 operating mode. This default information can be changed to monitor any internal variables using the DOSR command. All these informations are updated on a Baud basis : Mode V.32bis/V.32 (ST75C540 only) Baud Rate (2) (Hz) 2400 V.22bis/V.22/Bell 212A (ST75C540 only) 2400 Tone 2400 Bell 103 (full duplex) 2400 V.21 (full duplex) 2400 V.23 (full duplex) 2400 V.27ter 2400bps 1200 V.27ter 4800bps 1600 (1) V.29 2400 V.17/V.33 2400 V.21 channel 2 2400 HANDSET, CODER or DECODER Modes 1200 Notes : 1. In this mode the tone detectors outputs are update 800 times by second. 2. This baud rate defines also, the maximum command rate. Each baud time the ST75C530/540 looks at the COMSYS location (Address $00) to see if a command have been sent by the host processor. If the content of this location is different from zero the ST75C530/540 execute the command. 44/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VIII - STATUS DESCRIPTION (continued) Starting at the adddress $08 the status area have the following format : Add. $08 Bit Name 7 SYSERR ERR_RTK 6 5 4 - - ERR_IPRM ERR_IOCD ERR_VOCO ERR_RX ERR_TX STA_CPT0 STA_RING STA_106 STA_AT STA_CCITT $09 STATUS0 STA_109F STA_CPT10 STA_CPT1 $0A STATUS1 STA_DTMF STA_FLAG STA_RNEG STA_HR STA_CLR* STA_RTRN* $0B STAQUA $0C STAOP0 $0D STAOP1 $0E STAOP2 $0F STAOP3 - 3 2 1 0 STA_107 STA_109 STA_VAD STA-TIM STA_H Quality Depend on operating mode (see below) * ST75C540 only VIII.2.2 - Error Status The error status changes each time an error occurs. When the ST75C530/540 signals an error by setting one of the SYSERR bit, it generates an interrupt IT0. These bits can only be cleared by the host controler using the CSE command. The meaning of the different bits of the SYSERR byte is discribed below : SYSERR Pos. Meaning when set ERR_TX Field 0 Transmit buffer underflow. Loss of synchronisation between the host and ST75C530/540 transmit data buffer managment. ERR_RX 1 Receive buffer overflow. Loss of synchronisation between the host and ST75C530/540 receive data buffer managment. ERR_VOCO 2 Vocoder buffer underflow (Decoder) or overflow (Coder). Lost of synchronisation between the Host and ST75C530/540 VOCODER Buffer management. ERR_IOCD 3 Incorrect command ERR_IPRM 4 Incorrect parameter for the command ERR_RTK 7 Real time kernel error. ST75C530/540 not able to perform all its tasks within the baud period (transmit or receive samples lost). 45/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VIII - STATUS DESCRIPTION (continued) VIII.2.3 - Modem General Status The modem general status word is composed of two bytes STATUS[0] and STATUS[1]. Any bit changecan generate an IT4 interrupt. Using the DSIT command allows the selection of the corresponding bit that will generate an interrupt each time they will change. The default pattern is $3F for STATUS[0] and $FF for STATUS[1]. The different bits have the following meaning : STATUS[0] Field Pos. Meaning when set STA_109 STA_VAD 0 In FAX MODEM and TONECID modes STA_109 : CCITT Circuit 109 (Carrier Detect). Indicates that valid data are received. In CODER and DECODER modes : VAD: Voice Activity Detected STA_107 1 CCITT Circuit 107 (Data Set Ready). Valid only in FAX & DATA MODEM modes. STA_106 2 CCITT Circuit 106 (Clear To Send). Indicates that the training sequence has been completed and that any data in the Transmit Buffer will be transmitted. Valid only in FAX & DATA MODEM modes. STA_RING 3 Ring Detected. A valid ring signal is present at the Ring pin. Valid only in Tones modes. The precise frequency can be read in the optional status byte STAOP2. STA_CPT0 4 In TONE and TONECID modes STA_CPT0: Call progress tone detector #0. Low pass filter 650Hz. STA_CPT1 5 In TONE and TONECID modes STA_CPT1: Call progress tone detector #1. High pass filter 600Hz. STA_CPT10 6 In TONE and TONECID modes STA_CPT10: Signal in Filter #0 is higher than #1. STA_109F 7 In FAX MODEM mode, V.22bis mode* and TONECID mode STA_109F: Fast Carrier Detect. * ST75C540 only STATUS[1] Field Pos. Meaning STA_H 0 Transmit synchronisation in progress. Valid only in FAX & DATA MODEM modes. STA_TIM* 1 Handshake timeout. Valid only in Data Modem mode. STA_CCITT 2 CCITT 2100Hz versus 2225Hz answer tone detect. Valid if STA_AT is set. Valid only in Tone mode. STA_AT 3 Answer tone (either 2100Hz or 2225Hz) detected. Valid only in Tone mode. STA_HR STA_RTRN* 4 STA_HR : Receive synchronisation in progress. Valid only in Fax Modem mode. STA_RTRN : Remote retrain detec, valid only in V.32bis/V.32/V.22bis Data Modem modes. STA_RENEG* 5 Remote rate negotiation detected, valid only in V.32bis/V.32/V.22bis Data Modem modes. STA_FLAG STA_CLR* 6 STA_FLAG : V.21 channel 2 flag detect. Valid only in FAX Modem mode and Tone mode. STA_CLR : Remote clear down detected V.32bis/V.32 Data Modem modes. STA_DTMF 7 DTMF digit detect. The digit itself is available in the optional status byte STAOP3. * ST75C540 only 46/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VIII - STATUS DESCRIPTION (continued) VIII.2.4 - Quality Status The quality bytes STAQUAand STAQUAS monitor an evaluationof the line quality. They are updated once per baud and their value ranges from 127 (perfect quality) to 0 (terrible quality). This value is automaticaly adjusted according to the current receiving mode. Refer to the following chart to convert the value of STAQUA into its Bit Error Rate equivalence. The time constant for STAQUA is 100ms. The slow quality byte (available on STAOP1 in Fax and Data mode except FSK) STAQUAS gives the equivalent quality with a 1 seconde time constant. -2 BER 1e -3 1e -4 1e -5 1e -6 1e -7 1e -8 75C53021.EPS STAQUA 1e -9 1e 0 31 63 95 127 VIII.2.5 - Optional Status According to the operating mode of the ST75C530/540 the optional status is displaying different informations. The optional status are automatically reprogrammed after each CONF command with the address of the variablesto monitor accordingwith theoperating mode selected (CONF_OPER).Afterthe CONF command the user must overwrite this default programming by using the DOSR command. In order to change the default set-up please refer to the “RAM Mapping application note” (delivered on request according to revision number) to obtain the addresses of the DSP Internal variables. VIII.2.5.1 - Default Optional Status in All modes Except MODEM While in Tone mode the format of the STAOP word is as follows : Optional Status Words Add. Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 $0C STAOP0 TDT7 TDT6 TDT5 TDT4 TDT3 TDT2 TDT1 TDT0 $0D STAOP1 TDT15 TDT14 TDT13 TDT12 TDT11 TDT10 TDT9 TDT8 $0E STAOP2 $0F STAOP3 RING_PERIOD (1) TDT19 TDT18 TDT17 TDT16 DTMF_DIGIT (4) Notes : 1. RING_PERIOD is valid when the Bit 3 of the STATUS0 (STA_RING goes high. This value is updated at eac h falling edge of the RING Signal. The RING_PERIOD value must be multiplied by 2400 to obtain the Period in second. 2. TDTx (x in [0..15]) is the Output of the 16 Tone detectors x (sampling rate 7200Hz). 3. TDTy (y in [16..19] is the Output of the secondary Tone detectors (sampling rate 4800Hz or 9600Hz) with absolute comparison or relative comparison. 4. DTMF_DIGIT is valid when the Bit 7 of STATUS1 (STA_DTMF) goes high. This value remains unchanged until a new DTMF Digit is detected. 47/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VIII - STATUS DESCRIPTION (continued) VIII.2.5.2 - Default Optional Status in Fax Mode While in Fax Modem mode the format of the STAOP word is as follows : Optional Status Words in MODEM Mode Add. Bit Name 7 $0C STAOP0 $0D STAOP1 $0E STAOP2 $0F 6 x x 5 4 3 x SPEED 2 1 0 (2)(5) SPVAL (1)(5) STAQUAS PNSUCs STAOP3 TDT19 PRDETs TDT18 PNDETs TDT17 SCR1s PRs TDT16 PNs P2s DTMF_DIGIT P1s (4) Notes : 1. SPVAL is active in V.33 receiver only at the same time as the rising transition of the SCR1s signal. When SPVAL is set, it indicates that the SPEED bits contain the Data speed information. 2. SPEED is valid in V.33 receiver only it can have 2 values, after the SCR1s signal goes high : 1000 for 14400bps and 0111 for 12000bps. 3. The STAOP2 Bit reflects the progression of the Synchronisation. 4. Only valid in V.21 Channel 2 Receive mode. The STAOP2 Bits have the following meanings : STAOP2 in Fax Modem Mode Name Position P1s 0 Description Unmodulated carrier sequence. Optional, used for echo protection. P2s 1 Continuous 180° phase reversal sequence PNs 2 Equalizer trainning sequence PRs 3 V.33 and V.17 rate sequence SCR1s 4 Continuous scrambled 1 sequence PNDETs 5 Turned on after PN sequence detection PRDETs 6 Turned on after PR sequence detection (V.33 and V.17 only) PNSUCs 7 Turned on after succesfull training of the receive equalizer. When on at the end of the synchronization, the transmition BER is statisticaly bellow 10ppm. 48/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VIII - STATUS DESCRIPTION (continued) With the following timing : P1 Transmit T2 T1 P2 PN R SCR1 T3 T4 T5 T6 Data STA_H P1s P2s PNs PRs SCR1s (6) T7 Receive STA_HR T7 T8 T8 T8 T8 (7) STA_109F P2s PNDETs PNs PRDETs (1) PNSUCs (2) (8) SCR1s 75C53022.EPS STA_109 RxData Mode T1 (4) T1p (5) T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 V.17 192 30 22 107 1240 27 20 5 7 ms V.17 short 192 30 22 107 16 0 20 5 7 ms Unit V.29 192 30 22 53 160 0 20 5 7 ms V.29 short 192 30 22 41 26 0 8 5 7 ms V.27 4800 192 30 22 31 670 0 5 5 7 ms V.27 4800 short 192 30 22 9 36 0 5 5 7 ms V.27 2400 192 30 22 42 895 0 7 6 7 ms V.27 2400 short 192 30 22 12 48 0 7 6 7 ms 49/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VIII - STATUS DESCRIPTION (continued) Data SCR1 T11 min T10 Transmit STA_H P1s P2s PNs PRs SCR1s (6) Receive T12 T13 (3) STA_HR STA_109F PNDETs (3) PNs PRDETs (3) PNSUCs (3) 75C53023.EPS STA_109 RxData Mode T10 T11 T12 T13 Unit V.17 13 20 8 25 ms V.17 short 13 20 8 25 ms V.29 13 20 8 25 ms V.29 short 13 20 8 25 ms V.27 4800 20 30 8 25 ms V.27 4800 short 20 30 8 25 ms V.27 2400 27 40 8 25 ms V.27 2400 short 27 40 8 25 ms Notes : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. In the case of V.29 or V.27, PRs and PRDETs bits are not active. -5 PNSUCs indicates the quality of the Rx signal that will give a ber of approximation of 1e . After sending the command SYNC0, all bits are reset. When using long echo protection tone, otherwise 0. When using short echo protection tone, otherwise 0. STA-106 is set at the end of T6 and reset at the beginning of T10. After sending the command SYNC1, this bit is set. PNSUC is evaluated twice, first at SCR1 detection and further 256 baud (V.29, V.17, V.33 : 106ms ; V .27 4800bps : 160ms ; V.27 2400bps : 212ms) after STA_109. 9. For V.21 channel 2, timing for loss of STA_109 is 25ms and timing for detection of STA_109 is 7ms. 10. For V.21 channel 2 after a STOP command, STA_H is set to “1” during 13ms when the last HDLC flag is transmitted. 50/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VIII - STATUS DESCRIPTION (continued) VIII.2.5.3 - Default Optional Status in DATA MODEM Mode (ST75C540 only) While in Data Modem mode the format of the STAOP word is as follows : Optional Status Words in MODEM Mode Add. Bit Name 7 6 x x 5 4 3 $0C STAOP0 $0D STAOP1 STAQUAS $0E STAOP2 HSHK_PHA $0F STAOP3 TDT19 TDT18 x TDT17 SPEED TDT16 2 1 (2)(5) 0 SPVAL (1)(5) Not Used Notes : 1. SPVALis active in V.33 receiver only at the same time as the rising transition of the SCR1s signal. When SPVAL is set, it indicates that the SPEED bits contain the Data speed information. 2. SPEED is valid in V.32bis, V.32, V.22bis, V.22, Bell 212A and V.33 receiver only with the following meaning : Bit 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Bit 3 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 Bit 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 Other Bit 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Data Speed 1200bps 2400bps 4800bps 7200bps 9600bps 12000bps 14400bps Reserved 3. The STAOP2 Bit reflects the progression of the Synchronisation. 4. Only valid in V.21 Channel 2 Receive mode. 5. SPVALis active in V.32bis/V.32/V.22bis/V.22 at the end of the training sequence and at least 8 baud before entering Data mode. SPVALand SPEED are also updated with each retrain and rate negotiation. 6. The SPAOP1 bits reflect the progression of the synchronization in Data modes. 51/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 VIII - STATUS DESCRIPTION (continued) The STAOP2 Bits have the following meanings in Data Modem mode : HSHK_PHA(R) Handshake progression counter contains information about the progress of the hadshake in V.32 and V.22bismodes. This 8-bit value is available in STAOP2 in modem mode. It can be read to examine the progressio of the handshake and it contains normal values and error values as below : AUTOBAUD ORIG MODE Event HSHK_PHA Value Wait Answer Tone Wait End Answer Tone Not Autobaud and Waiting USC1 Autobaud Waiting AC or USC1 $01 $02 $03 $04 AUTOBAUD ANSW MODE Event HSHK_PHA Value Waiting HSK Command Generating Answer Tone Generating Silence $10 $11 $12 V.32 ORIG MODE EVENT HSHK_PHA Normal Value HSHK_PHA Error Value AC_DET AC/CA DET CA/AC DET NO AC DET S_DET SB_DET R1_DET S_DET SB_DET R3_DET E_DET DATA_MODE $20 $21 $22 $23 $24 $25 $26 $27 $28 $29 $2A $30 $1 $2 $B for RTN, $C for RTN $4 $5 $6 $7 $8 $9, $D no R5 det after RRN $A EVENT HSHK_PHA Normal Value HSHK_PHA Error Value AA_DET AA/CC DET NO CC DET S_DET SB_DET2 SB_DET R2_DET E_DET DATA_MODE $40 $41 $42 $43 $44 $45 $46 $47 $50 $8 for RTN, $9 for RRN $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6, $A if no R det after RRN $7 V.32 ANSW MODE V.22bis ORIG MODE EVENT HSHK_PHA Normal Value HSHK USC1_DET SCR1_DET S1_DET DATA_MODE $60 $61 $62 $63 $70 V.22bis ANSW MODE 52/84 EVENT HSHK_PHA Normal Value HSHK SCR1_DET S1_DET DATA_MODE $80 $82 $83 $90 ST75C530 - ST75C540 IX - TONE DETECTORS IX.1 - Overview The general purpose ST75C530/540 tone detectors block is a powerful module that covers a lot of applications : - call progress tone detection, fully programmable for all countries, - FAX, voice, data automatic detection, - call waiting detection, while in vocoder or data mode. IX.2 - Description The primary tone detector block is a set of 16 identical Cells. Each cell is composed of a Double Biquadratic Filter, a Power estimator section, a Static level and a Level comparator. Each Biquadratic Filter, Power Estimator and Static Level can be programmed using a complete set of commands (TDRC, TDRW, TDWC, TDWW, TDZ). The wiring between the different Cells can be defined by the user, using the associated command allowing a wide range of applications. The sampling frequency is 7200Hz, allowing detection of signals less than 3300Hz.The level of detection is programmable from -6dBm down to -51dBm. The 16 Comparator Outputs give, on a baud basis, the information into two 8 bits words TONEDET0 (for cells number 0 to 7) and TONEDET1 (for cells number 8 to F). These TONEDET variables can be accessed using a MRI command or, more easily, monitored on a baud basis using the DOSR command. The 16 primary tonedetectorsare initializedeach time entering the tone mode. However the previous coefficient values could be kept using a MW command. The secondary tone detector have been added to the ST75C530/540. The filter structure is the same as the primary tone detector. The sampling rate is 4800Hz allowing detection of signal less than 1800Hz by defaultprogramming or with a MODC command, the sampling rate is 9600Hz allowing detection of signal less than 3300Hz. The level of detection is programmable from -6dBm down to -51dBm. In order to increase the reliability of the detection, using a TDWW command, 2 comparisonsare provided,one with a fixed level (absolute) or with the receive signal (relative). The 4 secondary tone detectors are initialiazed each time entering the tone mode. However the previous coefficient values could be kept using a CONF command. ThecommandTDRC, TDWC, TDWW, TDRW, TDZ with the TD_CELL parameter of 0x10, 0x11, 0x12 or 0x13 can be used to program these filters. IX.2.1 - Biquadratic Filters Each Biquadratic Filter is a double regular section that can perform any Transfer function with 4 Poles and 4 Zeros. This routine is run on a sample basis. Figure 17 : Biquadratic IIR Filter C0 C5 CB C6 2 2 Z -1 Z -1 C1 C3 C7 Z -1 C2 Z -1 OUT C9 Z -1 C4 C8 75C53024.EPS IN CA The corresponding transfer function is : CB + 2 ⋅ C9 ⋅ z−1 + 2 ⋅ CA ⋅ z−2 −1 Out C5 + 2 ⋅ C3 ⋅ z−1 + 2 ⋅ C4 ⋅ z−2 ⋅ C6 ⋅ ⋅z = C0 ⋅ Input 1 − 2 ⋅ C1 ⋅ z−1 − 2 ⋅ C2 ⋅ z−2 1 − 2 ⋅ C7 ⋅ z−1 − 2 ⋅ C8 ⋅ z−2 Note : All coefficients are coded on 16 bits 2’s complement in the range +1, -1 (Q15). To avoid the possibility of overflow the user must check that the internal node must not be higher that 0.5 (in Q15 representation). 53/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 IX - TONE DETECTORS (continued) corresponding bit into the TONEDET[0..1] word; if not it clear this bit. IX.2.2 - Power Estimation The Power estimation Cell is needed to measure the amplitude of the different tones. It is run on a sample basis. IX.2.5 - Wiring The user must specify the connection (wiring) between the input/outputof the Filter, the input/output of the Power estimator, the output of the static levels and the two inputs of the Comparators. The output signals have an absolute address: Figure 18 : Power Estimator OUT + IN ABS(.) Z -1 P1 75C53025.EPS Z -1 The corresponding transfer function is : Out = | Input| ⋅ z −1 ⋅ P1 1 − (1 − P1) ⋅ z −1 IX.2.3 - Static Level A single Threshold level is associated with each Cell. It canbe use to comparethe output of a Power Estimation with an Absolute Value. IX.2.4 - Comparator The Comparator computes, on a baud basis, the differenceof the signal on its Positive and Negative Inputs. If the result is Higher that zero it sets the 54/84 Node Address Signal Name Address Description Ground 00 Signal always equal to 0000 RxSig 01 Receive signal from the Analog front end RxSig2 02 Receive signal multiplied by 2 RxSig4 03 Receive signal multiplied by 4 04..0F Reserved Filter[0..F] 10..1F Biquadratic Filter Outputs Power[0..F] 20..2F Power Estimator Outputs Level[0..F] 30..3F Static Levels The user will specify the inputs of the filters, Power and Comparator. At leastone input must comefrom the RxSig (node 01, 02 or 03). It is mandatory to connect all unused cell inputs to the Ground signal (node 00). ST75C530 - ST75C540 IX - TONE DETECTORS (continued) Figure 19 : Tone Detector Wiring Address (first half) BIQUADRATIC FILTER #0 @10 POWER #0 @20 @30 COMP. #0 LEVEL #0 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #1 @11 POWER #1 @21 @31 COMP. #1 LEVEL #1 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #2 @12 POWER #2 @22 @32 COMP. #2 LEVEL #2 @00 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #3 @13 POWER #3 D0 @23 D1 @33 COMP. #3 D3 Rx SIGNAL @02 2 D2 LEVEL #3 @01 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #4 @14 POWER #4 D4 @24 @34 COMP. #4 LEVEL #4 @03 D5 D6 D7 2 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #5 @15 POWER #5 @25 @35 TONEDET0 COMP. #5 LEVEL #5 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #6 @16 POWER #6 @26 @36 COMP. #6 LEVEL #6 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #7 @17 POWER #7 @27 @37 COMP. #7 75C53026.EPS GROUND LEVEL #7 55/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 IX - TONE DETECTORS (continued) Figure 20 : Tone Detector Wiring Address (second half) BIQUADRATIC FILTER #8 @18 POWER #8 LEVEL #8 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #9 @19 POWER #9 LEVEL #9 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #A @1A POWER #A LEVEL #A BIQUADRATIC FILTER #B @1B POWER #B LEVEL #B @28 @38 COMP. #8 @29 @39 COMP. #9 @2A @3A COMP. #A D0 @2B @3B COMP. #B D1 D2 D3 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #C @1C POWER #C D4 @2C @3C COMP. #C LEVEL #C D5 D6 D7 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #D @1D POWER #D @2D @3D TONEDET1 COMP. #D LEVEL #D BIQUADRATIC FILTER #E @1E POWER #E @2E @3E COMP. #E LEVEL #E @1F POWER #F @2F @3F LEVEL #F 56/84 COMP. #F 75C53027.EPS BIQUADRATIC FILTER #F ST75C530 - ST75C540 IX - TONE DETECTORS (continued) Figure 21a : Secondary Tone Detector Configuration (2 tone detectors 1 + 1) INPUT SIGNAL FOURTH ORDER IIR FILTER #16 POW () #16 COMPARATOR #16 absolu AND TDT16 Relative AND TDT17 Relative LEVEL #16 POW () #20 COMPARATOR #16 GAIN #16 OR -TD4DIFF or TDWW 1001 00C0 FOURTH ORDER IIR FILTER #17 POW () #17 COMPARATOR #17 absolu LEVEL #17 COMPARATOR #17 GAIN #17 OR 75C53028.EPS POW () #20 -TD4DIFF or TDWW 1100 00C0 Figure 21b : Secondary Tone Detector Configuration (3 tone detectors 1 + 1 + 2) FOURTH ORDER IIR FILTER #16 INPUT SIGNAL POW () #16 COMPARATOR #16 absolu AND TDT16 Relative AND TDT17 Relative AND TDT18 Relative LEVEL #16 POW () #20 COMPARATOR #16 GAIN #16 OR -TD4DIFF or TDWW 1001 00E0 FOURTH ORDER IIR FILTER #17 POW () #17 COMPARATOR #17 absolu LEVEL #17 POW () #20 COMPARATOR #17 GAIN #17 OR -TD4DIFF or TDWW 1100 00E0 FOURTH ORDER IIR FILTER #19 POW () #18 COMPARATOR #18 absolu LEVEL #18 POW () #20 GAIN #18 COMPARATOR #18 OR 75C53029.EPS FOURTH ORDER IIR FILTER #18 -TD4DIFF or TDWW 1200 00E0 57/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 IX - TONE DETECTORS (continued) Figure 21c : Secondary Tone Detector Configuration (4 tone detectors 1 + 1 + 1 + 1) INPUT SIGNAL FOURTH ORDER IIR FILTER #16 POW () #16 COMPARATOR #16 absolu AND TDT16 Relative AND TDT17 Relative AND TDT18 Relative AND TDT19 Relative LEVEL #16 POW () #20 COMPARATOR #16 GAIN #16 OR -TD4DIFF or TDWW 1001 00F0 FOURTH ORDER IIR FILTER #17 POW () #17 COMPARATOR #17 absolu LEVEL #17 POW () #20 COMPARATOR #17 GAIN #17 OR -TD4DIFF or TDWW 1100 00F0 FOURTH ORDER IIR FILTER #18 POW () #18 COMPARATOR #18 absolu LEVEL #18 POW () #20 COMPARATOR #18 GAIN #18 OR -TD4DIFF or TDWW 1201 00F0 POW () #19 COMPARATOR #19 absolu LEVEL #19 POW () #20 GAIN #19 COMPARATOR #19 OR -TD4DIFF or TDWW 1300 00F0 58/84 75C53030.EPS FOURTH ORDER IIR FILTER #19 ST75C530 - ST75C540 IX - TONE DETECTORS (continued) IX.3 - Example Hereunder is an example of programming a single Tone detection (using Cell #3) and a complex differential tone detection (using Cell #4 and #5). Bit 3 of the TONEDET variable will be triggered each time the energy of that filtered signal is higher than Static Level number 3. Bit 4 of the TONEDET variable will be on each time a receive signal has an energy higher than the Static Level number 4. Bit 5 will be on only when the Filtered (Filter section 4 and 5) received signal higher than the energy of the wide-band signal number 4 ; this prevents triggering on noise. Figure 22 : Wiring Example @00 GROUND BIQUADRATIC FILTER #3 @13 POWER #3 @23 @33 LEVEL #3 COMP. #3 @01 Rx SIGNAL @14 POWER #4 @24 D3 @34 LEVEL #4 COMP. #4 D5 @03 2 D4 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #5 @15 POWER #5 @25 @35 LEVEL #5 Program Cell #3 : TDWW 03 00 13 Connect Received signal to Filter and Filter to Energy. TDWW 03 01 33 Connect Level to Comparator Neg Input and Energy to Pos Input. Program Cell #4 and #5 : TDWW 04 00 01 Connect Received Signal to Filter and Energy. TDWW 04 01 34 Connect Level to Comparator Neg Input and Energy to Pos Input. TDWW 05 00 15 Connect Filter#4 Output to Filter and Filter to Energy. TDWW 05 01 24 TONEDET0 COMP. #5 75C53031.EPS @02 2 BIQUADRATIC FILTER #4 01 23 01 24 14 25 Connect Wide-band Energy to Neg Input and Energy to Pos Input. 59/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 X - PARALLEL DATA EXCHANGE X.1 - Overview While transmiting (respectively receiving) data to (from) the telephone line data are exchanged between the host and the ST75C530/540. Two totaly independent channels are provived for transmit and receive data. Even while using half duplex modes of operation, the transmitted data comes from the transmit buffers and the receive data arrives in the receive buffers. Two independent interrupts, IT2 (for transmit) and IT3 (for receive) are available for synchronizing the ST75C530/540 and the host. An additional IT0 interruptwill signal the errorsin the synchronization mechanism. The equivalent data flow is as follows (see Figure 20). The ST75C530/540 has a buit-in HDLC capability. This feature automatically performs HDLC framing/deframing, CRC generation/detection and “0” insertion/deletion. The ST75C530/540 have also UART capability, the format of data is selected by the FORM command described bellow. X.2 - Transmit Buffers Two identical buffers are provided to exchangethe dat a bet ween th e host in terface an d the ST75C530/540. When the host is writing data into a buffer, the ST75C530/540 is transmitting the other one. After that, both the host and the ST75C530/540switch to use the other buffer. This mechanism, called “Double-Buffering”, ensures that the host has the maximum time to fill one buffer. The DUAL Ram area associated with the transmit buffers is as following table. Name DTTBS0 DTTBS0 [0] DTTBS0 [1] DTTBS0 [2] DTTBS0 [3] DTTBS0 [4] DTTBS0 [5] DTTBS0 [6] DTTBS0 [7] DTTBS1 DTTBS1 [0] DTTBS1 [1] DTTBS1 [2] DTTBS1 [3] DTTBS1 [4] DTTBS1 [5] DTTBS1 [6] DTTBS1 [7] Address $2E $2F $30 $31 $32 $33 $34 $35 $36 $37 $38 $39 $3A $3B $3C $3D $3E $3F Description Buffer 0 Status Byte Buffer 0 Data Byte 0 Buffer 0 Data Byte 1 Buffer 0 Data Byte 2 Buffer 0 Data Byte 3 Buffer 0 Data Byte 4 Buffer 0 Data Byte 5 Buffer 0 Data Byte 6 Buffer 0 Data Byte 7 Buffer 1 Status Byte Buffer 1 Data Byte 0 Buffer 1 Data Byte 1 Buffer 1 Data Byte 2 Buffer 1 Data Byte 3 Buffer 1 Data Byte 4 Buffer 1 Data Byte 5 Buffer 1 Data Byte 6 Buffer 1 Data Byte 7 Bit 0 (LSB) of the Buffer 0 Data Byte 0 is the first in time to be transmited. According to the Data Format, the Status byte of a buffer has different meanings. However a value of 0 signals to the host that a buffer is empty. This value is set by the ST75C530/540 each time it has emptied the buffer. After having used one buffer, the host must select the other buffer for the next operation. The host must start with the Buffer 0 as soon as the ST_106 signal goes on and BEFORE the XMIT 1 command is sent. A mechanism of interruption (IT2 for Transmit) is associated with the data buffer managment. Each time a buffer is emptied by the ST75C530/540 it generates an interrupt. Figure 23 IT2 HOST INTERFACE Tx Tx BUFFERS HDLC UART MODUL. Telephone Line H HDLC UART DEMOD. Control Data IT3 60/84 75C53032.EPS Rx Rx BUFFERS ST75C530 - ST75C540 X - PARALLEL DATA EXCHANGE (continued) X.3 - Receive Buffers Symetrically two identical buffers are provided to ex c h a n ge re ce iv e da t a b et we e n t h e ST75C530/540 and the host processor. While the ST75C530/540 is filling one of the buffers with the receive bits, the host processor is reading the other buffer. As soon as the host has emptied a buffer it frees it by writing 0 in the buffer status byte. The DUAL Ram area associated with the receive buffers is as following table. Name Address Description DTRBS0 $1C Buffer 0 Status Byte DTRBS0 [0] $1D Buffer 0 Data Byte 0 DTRBS0 [1] $1E Buffer 0 Data Byte 1 DTRBS0 [2] $1F Buffer 0 Data Byte 2 DTRBS0 [3] $20 Buffer 0 Data Byte 3 DTRBS0 [4] $21 Buffer 0 Data Byte 4 DTRBS0 [5] $22 Buffer 0 Data Byte 5 DTRBS0 [6] $23 Buffer 0 Data Byte 6 DTRBS0 [7] $24 Buffer 0 Data Byte 7 DTRBS1 $25 Buffer 1 Status Byte DTRBS1 [0] $26 Buffer 1 Data Byte 0 DTRBS1 [1] $27 Buffer 1 Data Byte 1 DTRBS1 [2] $28 Buffer 1 Data Byte 2 DTRBS1 [3] $29 Buffer 1 Data Byte 3 DTRBS1 [4] $2A Buffer 1 Data Byte 4 DTRBS1 [5] $2B Buffer 1 Data Byte 5 DTRBS1 [6] $2C Buffer 1 Data Byte 6 DTRBS1 [7] $2D Buffer 1 Data Byte 7 The Bit 0 (LSB) of the Buffer 0 Data Byte 0 is the first received bit in time (the oldest). According to the Data Format, the Status byte of a buffer has different meaning. However a value of 0 signals to the ST75C530/540that a buffer is empty. This value is set by the Host each time it has emptied the buffer. After having used one buffer, the host must select the other buffer for the next operation. The Host must start with the Buffer 0 as soon as the STA_109 signal goes. A mechanism of interruption (IT3 for Receive) is associated with the Data Buffer managment. Each time a buffer is filled by the ST75C530/540 it generates an interrupt. X.4 - Interruption Two Interrupt signals are provided in order to synchronize the Data Buffer Exchanges. IT2 is associated with the Transmit Buffer mechanism and IT3 with the Receive Buffer mechanism. In order to enable these interrupts, the Host processor must set the bit 2 (for IT2) and the bit 3 (for IT3) of the ITMASK Register to 1. It must also set the Bit 7 of the ITMASK register to 1 in order to globally enable all the selected sources of interruption. When an Interrupt occurs (low level on SINTR pin) the user must read the ITSRCR Register to determine the source of the interrupt, either IT2 for Tx (if the bit 2 is 1) or IT3 for Rx (if the bit 3 is 1). Once the Interrupt has been serviced, the host must acknowledge it by writing a $00 value into the register ITRES2 for IT2, or ITRES3 for IT3. These registers have the following address : Name ITRES2 ITRES3 ITMASK ITSRCR Address $42 $43 $4F $50 Type Write only Write only Read/Write Read Only Description Clear IT2 Clear IT3 Interrupt Mask Interrupt Source Notes : 1. The ST75C530/540 does not check that the interrupt has been acknowledged. 2. Even if the Host does not use the interruption, the ST75C530/540 will set the bit 2 (for IT2) and/or bit 3 (for IT3) of the ITSRCR. 3. The ST75C530/540 uses only the Data Buffer Status Bytes to detectOverrun or Underrun Error. These errors are reported into the SYSERR byte, and could generate an interrupt IT0. The equivalent schematic is : see Figure 21. The interrupt mechanism assumes that the Host processor uses a Level sensitive interrupt (active low). The Flow chart of the Host interrupt service routine looks generaly like Figure 22. X.5 - Data Format Different Formats of Data can be Transmitted/Received to/from the Telephone Line. These Formats can be selected when entering the Data Mode by using the FORM command. The Format of the Data can be changed,on the fly in the Data Mode during the same communication, by sendinga different FORM commandat anytime. Note that for Full Duplex operation the Data Format is the same for the transmitter and the receiver. 61/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 X - PARALLEL DATA EXCHANGE (continued) Figure 24 ITRES 2 (write only) R Q S (Tx buffer emptied) ITRES 3 (write only) From ST75C540 DSP R Q S (Rx buffer filled) ITSRCR (read only) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ITMASK (read write) 7 75C53033.EPS SINTR Figure 25 IT READ ITSRCR MASK UNWANTED BITS Yes =0 Check only the Interrupt sources that we want to manage under Interrupt RETURN If all sources served return from interrupt BIT 2 = 1 Yes No BIT 3 = 1 No (Other Interrupts) 62/84 Yes EXECUTE IT_TRANSMIT Execute Tx Buffer Management WRITE 00 INTO ITRES2 Reset IT2 EXECUTE IT_RECEIVE Execute Rx Buffer Management WRITE 00 INTO ITRES3 Reset IT3 75C53034.EPS No ST75C530 - ST75C540 X - PARALLEL DATA EXCHANGE (continued) X.6 - FORM Command The FORM command allows the selection of the Data Format. The Parameter syntax is as follows : Field X_SYNC Byte Pos. Value Definition 1 2..0 000* Synchronous format 001 T ransmit continuous “1” (1) 010 HDLC framming 011 T ransmit continuous ”0” (1) 100 UART X_ANBIT 2 1..0 00 7 Bit per character 01 8 Bit per character X_APAR 2 3..2 00 No parity 01 Even parity 10 Odd parity X_ASTOP 2 5 0 1 stop bit(1) 1 2 stop bit(1) Note : 1. Transmit only X.6.1 - Synchronous Mode The synchronous mode is the default mode, if no FORM command is used. The transmitter reads the bits in the DUAL Ram Buffer DTTBFx (starting with the Bit 0 of Byte 0 of Buffer 0) and send them over the Telephone line. The Buffer Status Byte DTTBSx contains the number of Data Bytes to transmit. The Receiver write the received bits coming from the Telephone line and write them into the DUAL Ram Buffer DTRBFx (startingwith theBit 0 of the Byte 0 of theBuffer0).TheBufferStatusByte DTRBSx contains the number of Data Bytes received (generaly 8). The time betweeneach IT2 interrupts(or IT3) is equal to 64-bit if the number of Data Bytes is set to 8. The Host has the full 64 bits time to serve the interrupt : Bit Rate (bps) 14400 12000 9600 7200 4800 2400 1200 300 75 Interrupt Time (ms) 4.4 5.3 6.6 8.8 13.3 26.6 53.3 213.3 853.3 X.6.2 - HDLC Mode The HDLC Format can be used for T.30 or ECM implementations X.6.2.1 - HDLC Transmit TheHDLC Transmitter performsthe following tasks : - Flag generation (7E) while in inter-frame. - Flag generation (7E) at the begining of a frame. - Zero insertion (after 5 consecutive “1”). - CRC16 computation. - CRC16 transmission at the end of a frame. - Flag generation (7E) at the end of a frame. - Abort frame. - Programmable number of Starting flags. - Programmable number of Inter frame flags. - Programmable number of Ending flags. The Buffer Status Byte DTTBSx defines the frame type, and the number of Data Bytes to transmit. X.6.2.2 - HDLC Receive The HDLC Receiver performs the following tasks : - Flag recognition. - Opening flag recognition. - Zero deletion. - CRC16 computation. - CRC16 check ; error CRC16 detection. - Closing flag recognition. - Abort frame detection. - Received CRC. The BufferStatusByte DTRBSx containsthe frame type, the number of Data Bytes and the error report if any. The errors detected are : - CRC16 Error : Wrong CRC received. - Non byte-alligned frame : The number of Data bits betweenthe beginingoftheframe andtheendofthe frame (after “zero” deletion)is not a byte- multiple. - Aborted frame : More that 6 consecutive “1” received. X.6.3 - UART Mode In the UART mode the buffers contains only one Character to transmit or received. The worse case of interruptrate isobtained with the lower character bit length (7bit of data, no parity and 1 stop bit) and is provided in the following table. Bit Rate (bps) 14400 12000 9600 7200 4800 2400 1200 300 75 Interrupt Time (ms) 0.41 0.41 0.82 1.25 1.64 3.75 7.5 30 120 X.6.3.1 - UART Transmit TheUART Transmitter performsthe following tasks : - Start bit generation. - Parity Computation. - Stop Bit generation. - Break generation. X.6.3.2 - UART Receive The UART Receiver performs the following tasks : - Start bit recognition. - Parity Checking. - Stop bit Checking. - Break detection. 63/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XI - TRANSMITTING DATA IN PARALLEL MODE XI.1 - Description XI.1.1 - XMIT Command The XMIT Command works like a CTS signal for the Parallel Data process. When XMIT is off, the ST75C530/540 transmits continuous “1”. When on the ST75C530/540transmits Data in accordance with the FORM command and starts to manage the Data Buffer. This command can be sent at any time, while in Data Mode (see Table below). transmission, to stop sending the carrier on the telephone line. Prior to the STOP command the user must have stop the parallel transmition with a XMIT off command. When the current data buffer will be totaly transmitted, and that no more buffers will be available, that is to said both DTTBF0 and DTTBF1 will be $00 (equivalent to an Underrun condition). XI.1.4 - Timing Here are regular sequences to stop properly the transmition (see Figure 27). XI.1.2 - FORM Command The FORM Command can be sent at any time to redefine the current format. The effect will take place only when XMIT is on. Here is a formal example showing the relationship between XMIT, and FORM Commands (see Figure 26). Field Byte Pos. Value TX_START 1 0 0* 1 XI.1.3 - STOP Command The STOP command is used, at the end of the ** Definition (Off) Send continuous “1” (**). ( O n ) Se n d D a ta according with the Format defined in the FORM command. The XMITOff command takes effect only when the two Transmit buffers are empty : DTTBF0 and DTTBF1 equal to $00. Figure 26 STA_106 DATA TRANSMITTED 1 1 0 1 0 $7E FORM 3 XMIT 1 XMIT 0 75C53035.EPS COMMANDS : XMIT 1 FORM 2 XMIT 0 Figure 27 Case # 1 Synchronous Format STA_106 Feed Last Buffer XMIT 0 STOP DATA TRANSMITTED (ignored until here) Last Buffer 1 Case # 2 HDLC Format STA_106 Feed Last Buffer XMIT 0 STOP DATA TRANSMITTED (ignored until here) Last Buffer CRC16 $7E 1 Case # 3 UART Format XMIT 0 STOP DATA TRANSMITTED 64/84 (ignored until here) Last Buffer 1 75C53036.EPS STA_106 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XI - TRANSMITTING DATA IN PARALLEL MODE (continued) FSK Standard V.21 Bell 103 V.23 Originate V.23 Answer Note 1 : Establish a V.29 transmition and send the very first Buffer (see Figure 29). Figure 28 Nominal Transmit Bit Rate (Hz) (1) 300 300 75 1200 T he accur acy of the B i t cl ock is given by t he ST75C530/540 oscillator, and must better than 100ppm. XI.2 - Modem Flow Chart When Data Mode, each time the ST75C530/540 need a bit to transmit it executes the following routine (see Figure 28). Where x starts with the value 0 and toggle thereafter between 1 and 0. XI.3 - Host Flow Chart Here after are Flowcharts to : - Establish a V.29 transmission - Send Synchronous continuous “$AA, $55, $AA, $55, ...” sequence.The managmentof the Buffers are done under Interrupt. - Stop properly the transmition. BEGIN READ BIT IN INTERNAL BUFFER INTERNAL BUFFER EMPTY No Yes RETURN SELECT NEXT DUAL RAM BUFFER X DTTBSx = 0 Yes No SIGNAL ERROR INTO ERR_TX MOVE DTTBFx DATA TO INTERNAL BUFFER RAISE IT0 INTERRUPT CLEAR DTTBSx RAISE IT2 INTERRUPT SELECT DUAL RAM BUFFER x = 0 RETURN RETURN 75C53037.EPS XI.1.5 - FSK Full Duplex Mode In FSK Full duplex Mode the parallel mode assumes that the Bit time duration is the nominal Bit rate. Each bit element from the Transmit buffer is maintained during the full bit time. The Nominal bit clock is defined as follows : Figure 29 CONF 0F 08 00 01 Select V.29 9600bps Subroutine : FILL FIRST BUFFER HSHK Start V.29 sequence WRITE AA, 55 ... INTO DTTBF [0..7] FORM 00 (opt) Format synchronous FILL FIRST BUFFER Fill the first buffer # 0 WRITE 08 INTO DTTBFS0 SELECT NEXT BUFFER IBUF = 1 STA_106 = 1 No Wait until end of training Tx_COMPLETED = FALSE Yes Start to transmit the first buffer ENABLE IT2 ITMASK = 0 x 84 75C53038.EPS XMIT 1 RET 65/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XI - TRANSMITTING DATA IN PARALLEL MODE (continued) DTTBSx buffer. An abort frame is transmitted in place of the regular Buffer. - This condition cannot append in UART mode. When an underflow condition occur the host must restart the whole parallel initialization, as explained above. These flowcharts show two CPU variables labeled IBUF and Tx_Completed, they are necessary for the understanding of the mechanism, but there is different manners to implement it. These two variables have the following meanning : - IBUF : Thisis thenumberof the DUALRAM Buffer currently in use by the Host processor. It starts with 0 and then alternate 1, 0, 1, 0, ... - Tx_Completed : This is a Flag to dialog with the interrupt process in order to stop properly the transmition. The other Buffers are sent under interrupt control (refer to the interrupt flow chart, Figure 30). To stop properly the transmition, without loss of Data (see Figure 31). Figure 31 Stop sending parallel data (delayed) XMIT 00 STOP Stop signal Tx_COMPLETED = TRUE Semaphore with interrupt No Wait until last buffer is transmitted and CCITT stop sequence completed EXECUTE_IT_TRANSMIT STA_106 = 1 Yes Tx_COMPLETED ? Yes No (1) Yes WRITE AA, 55, ... INTO DTTBF1 WRITE AA, 55, ... INTO DTTBF0 WRITE 08 INTO DTTBS1 WRITE 08 INTO DTTBS0 IBUF = 0 IBUF = 1 RETURN XI.4 - Error Detection Error occurs when the ST75C530/540 need some bitsfrom the transmitbuffer DTTBSx and this buffer is empty. This condition is called “Underflow”. This error is signaled in the bit ERR_TX of the SYSERR byte, and generates an interrupt IT0. To clear the error a CSE 01 command must be issued. An Underflow contition occurs when : - In synchronous mode: the host processor “forgets” to feed the current DTTBSx buffer. - In HDLC mode: when, while inside a frame, the host processor “forgets” to feed the current 66/84 XI.5.2 - Status Word Format The Transmit Status Bytes DTTBS0 or DTTBS1 have the same following meaning(see table below). 75C53039.EPS (1) XI.5 - Synchronous Mode XI.5.1 - Description In synchronousmode the ST75C530/540transmits the bits contained in the DUAL RAM Buffer without any modification. It starts with the Bit 0 of the DTTBF0[0] byte. No IBUF = 1 DTTBSx in Synchronous Mode Field Pos. Value BUFF_LENG 3 .. 0 0 1 2 .. 8 Other Other 7 .. 4 0 Definition Buffer empty. 1 Byte to transmit (DTTBFx[0]). 2 Bytes to transmit (DTTBFx[0] and DTTBFx[1]). .. 8 Bytes to transmit (DTTBFx[0 .. 7]). Not allowed. Reserved, must be 0. This status byte must be written by the Host, after filing the corresponding data buffer DTTBFx[0..7] with the right number of data bytes to transmit. This status byte is cleared by the ST75C530/540, just before generating the IT2 interrupt. 75C53040.EPS Figure 30 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XI - TRANSMITTING DATA IN PARALLEL MODE (continued) XI.6 - HDLC Mode XI.6.1 - Description will be transmitted, the ST75C530/540 will send 8 consecutive “1” and wait for the next buffer. In HDLC mode the ST75C530/540 transmits the data bytes contained into the DUAL Ram buffer packed inside an HDLC frame. The mechanism is as follows : - While the Host has no frame to transmit, that is: a s lo ng a s DTTBSx e qu a ls $ 0 0, t he ST75C530/540 transmits the HDLC Flag $7E. - When the Host wants to send some data, it feeds the buffer with some data bytes to transmit (between 1 and 8) and set the BUFF_SFRM bit in t he DTTBSx status buffer. At that time the ST75C530/540 start sending data contained in the Buffer, computin the CRC and performing “zero intertion” if needed. - When the host wants to send additional data (within the same frame) it feeds the buffers just like in synchronous mode. If an Underflow condition occurs, the ST75C530/540 will abort the frame by sending 8 consecutive “1”, and the Host must restart the whole parallel initialization. - When the host wants to close a frame, it set the BUFF_EFRM bit in the DTTBSx status buffer. At that time the ST75C530/540 will send the contents of the buffer, then send the CRC and an HDLC closing flag $7E. - If the Host, wants to abort a frame (while sending a frame)it setthe BUFF_FRAB bit in the DTTBSx status buffer.At thattime, as soonas the last buffer XI.6.2 - Status Word Format DTTBSx in HDLC Mode Field Pos. Value Definition BUFF_LENG 3 .. 0 0 Buffer empty. 1 1 Byte to transmit (DTTBFx[0]). 2 2 Bytes to transmit (DTTBFx[0] and DTTBFx[1]). .. .. 8 8 Bytes to transmit (DTTBFx[0 .. 7] ). other Not allowed. BUFF_SFRM 4 0 Data stream. 1 Start of frame : the buffer is a beginning of frame. BUFF_EFRM 5 0 Data stream. 1 End of frame : the buffer will be followed by the transmission of the CRC and closing flag. BUFF_FRAB 6 0 Data stream. 1 Abort frame : 8 consecutive “1” will be transmitted (whatever BUFF_LENG is). Other 7 0 Reserved, must be 0. Notes : 1. A buffer can have BUFF_SFRM and BUFF_EFRM set in the same DTTBSx byte, this means that the frame transmitted is short (between 1 and 8 Bytes long). 2. An ending frame (with BUFF_EFRM set) must have at least ONE byte of data to transmit. XI.6.3 - Single Short Frame (see Figure 32) Figure 32 TRANSMITTED $7E DATA D0 CRC $7E D1 CRC $7E D2 CRC $7E D3 CRC $7E BUFF_FRAB BUFF_SFRM BUFF_EFRM (BUFF_DATA) 0 6 2 D0 D1 0 8 D2 0 5 0 75C53041.EPS BUFF_LENG D3 67/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XI - TRANSMITTING DATA IN PARALLEL MODE (continued) XI.6.4 - Long Frame Figure 33 TRANSMITTED $7E DATA D0 D1 D2 D3 5 8 8 4 D0 D1 D2 D3 D0 D1 D2 5 8 8 x D0 D1 D2 x D0 D1 D2 5 8 8 D0 D1 D2 CRC $7E BUFF_FRAB BUFF_SFRM BUFF_EFRM 0 (BUFF_DATA) 0 75C53042.EPS BUFF_LENG XI.6.5 - Abort Frame Figure 34 TRANSMITTED $7E DATA $7E ABORT D3 D4 D5 6 8 8 D3 D4 D5 BUFF_FRAB BUFF_SFRM BUFF_LENG 0 (BUFF_DATA) 0 75C53043.EPS BUFF_EFRM XI.6.6 - Abort Due to Underflow Figure 35 TRANSMITTED $7E DATA ABORT $7E D3 D4 D5 6 8 8 D3 D4 D5 BUFF_FRAB BUFF_SFRM BUFF_LENG (BUFF_DATA) 0 0 (1) ERR_TX (3) (2) Where : 1. The Underflow condition appears when the ST75C530/540 needs, inside a frame, some bytes to transmit and that the corresponding buffer is empty. 2. The ERR_TX bit is cleared with a CSE 01 Command. 3. After an Underflow condition restart the initialization of the parallel mode and use the buffer number 0. 68/84 75C53044.EPS BUFF_EFRM ST75C530 - ST75C540 XI - TRANSMITTING DATA IN PARALLEL MODE (continued) XI.6.7 - HDLC Special Timming Figure 36 XMIT 0 XMIT 1 _NHFBF DATA TRANSMITTED _NHFCF 7E..7E 7E Time to fill the Buffer 0 (Otherwise Extra Flags Added) DATA Time to fill the Buffer 1 IT Tx STOP IT Tx _NHFST CRC 7E..7E 7E Time to fill the Buffer 0 Time to fill the Buffer 1(Otherwise Extra Flags Added) IT Tx A set of global variables allows the programmation of the number of flags (7E) generated by the ST75C530/540 : - _NHFBF : Number of flags before the first frame. - _NHFCF : Number of flags between frames. - _NHFST : Number of flags after the last frame. The default value for all these variables is 0, the programming range is from 0 to 7FFF (32767). These varaibales must be modified with a MW or MWI command (see Figure 36). XI.7 - UART Mode Description In UART mode the ST75C530/540 transmits the data Character contained into the DUAL Ram buffe. The mechanism is as follows : - While the Host has no character to transmit, that i s: as lo n g a s DTTBSx equals $ 00, the ST75C530/540 transmits continuous “1”. - When the Host wants to send a chacarter,it feeds the buffer with the character to transmit. - The ST75C530/540 start to send a stop bit (“0”) then the charactercontainedin the Buffer,computing the parity. It send the parity bit, if needed, and the stop bits (1 or 2 according with the FORM CRC 7E 7E..7E DATA Time to fill the Buffer 0 IT Tx 75C53045.EPS FORM 2 IT Tx command). - If the user wants to send a break signal, he has to set the BUFF_UBRK bit within the corresponding Status Word (DTTBSx). A break signal is defined as a totaly null character with all stop bits duration maintained to “0” (e.g: if format is 7 bit, even parity and 2 stop bit, break is a ”0” durring 10 bit). Multiple continuous breaks (“0” continuous signal) can be send by using consecutive buffers with BUFF_UBRK set to 1. XI.7.1 - Status Word Format DTTBSx in UART Mode Field Pos. Value BUFF_LENG 3 .. 0 0 1 other Definition Buffer empty. 1 character to transmit (DTTBFx[0]). Not allowed. BUFF_UBRK 6 0 1 Normal character. Break signal : a complete “0” character with all stop bits equal to ”0”. Other 7 0 Reserved, must be 0. 69/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XII - RECEIVING IN PARALLEL MODE Figure 37 75C53046.EPS DEMODULATED SIGNAL SAMPLE TIME RECEIVE BIT 0 0 1 XII.1 - Description When the STA_109 (CD) signal goes on, the ST75C530/540 will write received data into the DUAL RAM buffer DTRBS0 at first. XII.1.1 - Initialization The host processor must enable the IT3 receive interrupt first. Then it must empty the two DTRBS0 and DTRBS1 registers by writting $00 at these locations. As soon as the first IT3 interrupt appears, the host must proceed with the DTRBS0 buffer. XII.1.2 - Loss of Carrier Eac h t ime a lo ss of ca rrier ap pe ars the ST75C530/540 stops updating the Data buffer. If the carrier reappers the host must proceed again with the initialisation sequence. XII.1.3 - FSK Synchronization The FSK Full Duplex demodulator uses an algorithm based on the transitions of the received signal. The synchronization mechanism is adjusted with each signal transiton in order to sample the demod ulated signal at the middle of the bit (see Figure 37). 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 XII.3 - Host Flow Chart Hereafter are flowcharts to : - Establish a V.29 reception. - Receive synchronous data. This task is performed under interrupt. - Handle properly some temporary loss of carrier. Figure 38 BEGIN WRITE BIT IN INTERNAL BUFFER INTERNAL BUFFER FULL No Yes RETURN SELECT NEXT DUAL RAM BUFFER X DTRBSx = 0 No Yes MOVE DATA FROM INTERNAL BUFFER TO DTRBFx SIGNAL ERROR INTO ERR_Rx RAISE IT0 INTERRUPT 70/84 WRITE DTRBSx RAISE IT3 INTERRUPT SELECT DUAL RAM BUFFER x = 0 RETURN RETURN 75C53047.EPS XII.2 - Modem Flow Chart When in parallel data mode, each time the ST75C530/540 has receive some bit of data it executes the following routine (see Figure 38). Where x start with the value 0 and toggle between 1 and 0. ST75C530 - ST75C540 XII - RECEIVING IN PARALLEL MODE (continued) Establish the reception (see Figure 39). Figure 39 CONF 0F 08 00 01 Subroutine : Select V.29 9600bps CLEAR FIRST BUFFER SYNC1 Arm V.29 receiver WRITE 00 INTO DTRBFS0 WRITE 00 INTO DTRBFS1 CLEAR FIRST BUFFER FORM 00 (opt) Clear the first buffers #0 and #1 SELECT NEXT BUFFER IBUF = 0 Format synchronous ENABLE IT3 ITMASK = 0 x 88 STA_109 = 1 No Wait until V.29 carrier detected RET Yes No In case of lost of carrier while in data mode 75C53048.EPS STA_109 = 0 Yes XII.4 - Error Detection Error occurs when the ST75C530/540 has received some bits and that the buffer DTRBSx is not empty, this condition is called “Overflow”. This error is signaled in the bit ERR_RX of the SYSERR byte, and generates an interrupt IT0. To clear the error a CSE 02 command must be issued. An Overflow condition occurs when : - In synchronous mode: the host processor “forgets” to empty the current DTRBSx buffer. - In HDLC mode: when, while inside a frame, the host processors “forgets” to empty the current DTRBSx buffer. - In UART mode, this cannot happen. When an Overflow condition occurs the host must restart the whole parallel initialisation. Figure 40 EXECUTE_IT_RECEIVE No IBUF = 1 (1) Yes (1) READ DTRBS1 EXTRACT BUFF_LENG READ DTRBS0 EXTRACT BUFF_LENG BUFF_LENG TIMES (2) BUFF_LENGTIMES (2) READ DTRBF1 DATA READ DTRBF0 DATA WRITE 00 INTO DTRBS1 WRITE 00 INTO DTRBS0 IBUF = 0 IBUF = 1 75C53049.EPS These flowcharts show one CPU variable labeled IBUF which is necessary for the understanding of the mechanism, but there are different manners to implement it. - IBUF : thisis the number of the DUAL RAM buffer currently in use by the Host processor. It starts wit 0 an then alternates 1, 0, 1, 0, ... The received bits are read by an interrupt routine (See Figure 40). RETURN Notes : 1. At that step the host can check that the corresponding DTRBSx buffer is full (different from $00), otherwise it is an error. 2. This means read BUFF_LENG bytes, inside the Receive buffer DTRBFx starting from location DTRBFx[0] to DTRBFx[BUFF_LENG - 1]. In synchronous mode, the BUFF_LENG isalways 8 bytes, except when a STA_109 lost appears in the middle of the buffer. 71/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XII - RECEIVING IN PARALLEL MODE (continued) XII.5 - Synchronous Mode XII.5.1 - Description In synchronous mode the ST75C530/540 writes the received bit into the DUAL RAM Buffer without any modification. It starts with the Bit 0 of the DTRBF0[0] byte. XII.5.2 - Status Word Format ThereceiveStatus Byte DTRBS0 or DTRBS1 have the same following meaning (See Table below). The BUFF_LENG is always 8 except when a lost of carrier (STA_109 going to 0) happens. This status byte is set by the ST75C530/540, just before generating the IT3 interrupt. XII.6 - HDLC Mode XII.6.1 - Description In HDLC mode the ST75C530/540 extracts from the received HDLC frame the Data information only. It reports, trough the DUAL Ram buffer, only data information and frame validity. The mechanism is as follows : - As long as the ST75C530/540 receives continuous HDLC Flag $7E, nothing happens. Note that the ST75C530/540 allows zero sharing between adjacent flags. - When the ST75C530/540 receives some data, it removes inserted “zero” if needed, and starts to compute the CRC. As soon as its internal buffer is full, the ST75C530/540writes the receiveddata i n t o t he DTRBFx b u f f er a nd se t s t h e BUFF_SFRM inside the DTRBSx status byte. - Wh e n r ec e iv in g ad d it ion a l d a t a, t h e ST75C530/540 feeds the buffer just like in synchronous mode. - When the ST75C530/540 receives a closing flag (which can be shared with the following opening flag) it compares the received CRC with its internal computation. It writes the contents of the received last data into the DTRBFx buffer, sets the BUFF_EFRM bit and reports any frame error in the DTRBSx register via the BUFF_ERRS bits. Reported errors are : • CRC error (lowest priority): the received CRC is not equal to the computed CRC. Some bits, 72/84 inside the frame, are erroneous. • Non Byte-Aligned frame (middle priority): the received data bit count (after deletion of the “zero inserted”), between the opening and the closing flag, is not a multiple of 8. • Aborted frame (highest priority): the frame was aborted with at least 7 consecutive “1” - An abort frame can be also detected, while in the inter frame mode, if instead of receiving $7E flag, the ST75C530/540receive more than 7 consecutive “1”. In this case only one Aborted frame is signaled, event if the ”1” condition is maintained. DTRBSx in Synchronous Mode Field Pos. Value Definition Buffer empty. BUFF_LENG 3 .. 0 0 1 1 Byte received (DTRBFx[0]). 2 2 Bytes received (DTRBFx[0] and DTRBFx[1]). .. .. 8 8 Bytes received (DTRBFx[0 .. 7]). Other Not used. Other 7 .. 4 0 Not used. XII.6.2 - Status Word Format DTRBSx in HDLC Mode Field Pos. Value Definition BUFF_LENG 3 .. 0 0 Buffer empty. 1 1 Byte received (DTRBFx[0]). 2 2 Bytes received (DTRBFx[0] and DTRBFx[1]). .. .. 8 8 Bytes received (DTRBFx[0 .. 7]). other Not allowed. BUFF_ERRS 5 .. 4 0 0 No error. 01 CRC error. 10 Non Byte-Aligned frame. 11 Aborted frame. BUFF_SFRM 6 0 Data stream. 1 Start of frame : the buffer is a beginning of frame. BUFF_EFRM 7 0 Data stream. 1 End of frame : the buffer is a closing frame. ST75C530 - ST75C540 XII - RECEIVING IN PARALLEL MODE (continued) XII.6.3 - Single Short frame Figure 41 RECEIVED DATA $7E D0 CRC $7E D1 CRC $7E D2 CRC $7E D3 CRC $7E BUFF_ERRS BUFF_SFRM BUFF_EFRM 0 6 (BUFF_DATA) 0 2 D0 0 8 D1 75C53050.EPS BUFF_LENG D2 XII.6.4 - Long Frame Figure 42 RECEIVED DATA $7E D0 D1 D2 D3 CRC $7E (1) BUFF_ERRS BUFF_SFRM BUFF_EFRM (BUFF_DATA) 8 8 D0 D1 5 8 D2 0 75C53051.EPS 0 BUFF_LENG D3 Note : 1. If error occurs during the reception, it is signaled in this last buffer. XII.6.5 - Aborted Frame Figure 43 RECEIVED DATA $7E D0 D1 D2 ABORT BUFF_ERRS $7E D4 D3 D5 11 BUFF_SFRM BUFF_EFRM (BUFF_DATA ) 8 8 x D0 D1 x 0 8 75C53052.EPS BUFF_LENG D3 73/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XII - RECEIVING IN PARALLEL MODE (continued) XII.7 - UART Mode XII.7.1 - Description In UART mode the ST75C530/540extracts from the received Characters the Data information only. It reports, troughthe DUAL Ram buffer,onlydatainformation charactervalidity. The mechanism is as follows : - As long as the ST75C530/540 receives continuous “1” nothing happens. - When the ST75C530/540 receives the start bit (“0”) it starts to compute the parity. As soon as the number of data bit (defined by the FORM command) is received, the ST75C530/540writes the received character into the DTRBFx buffer and update the receive Status word DTRBSx. - The Reported errors are : • Parity error (lowest priority): the receivedparity is not equal to the computed parity. Some bits, inside the character, are erroneous. • Stop bit error (middle priority): the bit after the parity was not a stop bit (“1”). Note that if the two stop bit format was selected, only the first stop bit will be checked. • Break Detection (highest priority): the characteris a breaksignal as definedin the transmit section.If the duration of the break is longerthan one character, only one break bufferwill be reported. XI.7.2 - Status Word Format DTRBSx in UART Mode Field Pos. Value Definition BUFF_LENG 3 .. 0 0 1 Other Buffer empty. 1 character received (DTRBFx[0]). Not allowed. 00 01 10 11 No error. Parity error Stop bit error Break signal detected BUFF_ERRS 5..4 XIII - VOCODER DATA EXCHANGE XIII.1 - Overview The ST75C530/540 can receive (or transmit) coded voice from (to) the telephone line or the audio interface. The receiving mode is the CODER mode while the transmit is the DECODER mode. Two formats of Voice compression are provided: Low bit rate and ADPCM. In all the formats and speed the managementof the CodedVoice is exactly the same. In any format a frame of all data equal to zero will be synthesised (DECODER) as a frame of silence. XIII.2 - Vocoder Buffer A buffer area is reserved in the DUAL ram to exchange Voice between the ST75C530/540 and 74/84 the Host processor. Thisareaisusedeitherforrecording (CODER) or playing back (DECODER) the voice signal. The DUAL Ram area associated with the VOCODER is as follows : Name VOCSTA VOCDATA VOCCORR Address $1C $1D..$2E $2F..$30 Description Vocoder Buffer Status Vocoder Buffer Data Vocoder Buffer Corrector The IT1 interrupt signalis dedicatedto the Vocoder Buffer Management. XIII.3 - Transmit (DECODER) This mode is entered with the CONF DECODER command. If the ADPCM or Low bit rate without error correction mode (CONF_ERCOR = 0) are selected, the user needs to feed the vocoder buffer with 18 bytes of voice data, then set the VOCSTA byte with a value different from zero. In the low bit rate with error mode (CONF_ERCOR = 1), the user needsto feed the vocoder buffer with 20 bytes of voice data, then set the VOCSTA byte with a value different from zero. Once the ST75C530/540 have read the buffer, it clears the VOCSTAbyte and raise the IT1 interrupt. The IT1 interrupt rate is as follows : Mode Interrupt Time (ms) Number of Voice Samples in the Buffer (8kHz sampling) ADPCM 32Kpbs 4.5 36 ADPCM 24Kpbs 6 48 ADPCM 16Kpbs 9 72 Low Bit Rate Nominal (with and without error correction) 30 240 Low Bit Rate Depends on Depends on Fast/Slow Playback speed 15 to 45 speed 120 to 360 Low Bit Rate Pause 0 - A silence can be generatedby writing zero to all the VOCDATA bytes (an d VOCCORR b ytes if CONF_ERCOR = 1). The duration of the silence will be the same as the other frames of signal. As the buffer contains always a complete number of samples representing the same duration, it is easy to randomly advance forward/backward in a message. If the user does not feed the Buffer within the Interrupt time, the ST75C530/540 will signal this error by rising the ERR_VOCO in theSYSERRbyte and rising the IT0 Interrupt. In this case the previous frame will be re-transmited. ST75C530 - ST75C540 XIII - VOCODER DATA EXCHANGE (continued) XIII.4 - Receive (CODER) This function can be entered either by : - The CONF CODER Command.This corresponds to the “Normal Answering Machine” function. - The MODC Command with MODC_COD = 1, in the HANDSET Mode. This corresponds, in the HANDSET mode to the “Conversation Recording” function. This reduced sub-mode does not allow ADPCM format and does not perform VAD (Voice Activity Detector). Once this function is selected, the ST75C530/540 starts to code the voice signal, writes one frame of compressed voice into the VOCDATA bytes (if the low bit rate mode is selected, computes always the Corrector bytes and writes them in the VOCCORR bytes)then writes the VOCSTAbyte and generates the IT1 interrupt. The IT1 interrupt rate is as follows : Mode ADPCM 32Kpbs ADPCM 24Kpbs ADPCM 16Kpbs Low Bit Rate (with and without error correction) Interrupt Time (ms) 4.5 6 9 30 Number of Voice Samples in the Buffer (8kHz sampling) 36 48 72 240 Note that the VOCCORR are always computed, whatever the value of CONF_ERCOR. The format of the VOCSTA byte is as follows : Format Low Bit Rate ADPCM Field VOC _VAD VOC _NUM VOC _VAD VOC _NUM VOCSTAT Pos. Value Definition 7 0 VAD Unvoiced Signal. 1 VAD Voice Signal. 4..0 10100 (20 decimal) Number of VOCDATA Bytes 7 0 VAD Unvoiced Signal. 1 VAD Voice Signal. 4..0 10010 (18 decimal) Number of VOCDATA Bytes Note that in “Conversation recording” the VOCSTA byte is always $14. The user must read the VOCDATA (and optionally the VOCCORR) bytes and clear the VOCSTA byte (writing $00). If the user does not clear the VOCSTA byte within the interrupt time, the ST75C530/540 will signal this error by rising the ERR_VOCO in the SYSERR byte and rising the IT0 Interrupt. In this case the current frame is lost. If the CONF_SUPSIL bit is 1 in the CONF CODER command, the interrupts IT1 appears only when the VAD has detected a voiced signal. 75/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XIV - TRANSPARENT MODE DATA EXCHANGE The mode uses the DPR locations to exchange samples between the host and the AFE’s. To allow maximum interrupt latency, the DSP uses internal buffers to store samples and updates the DPR buffers when internal buffers are ready. The DPR buffers are bidirectional, thus doubling the effective DPR capacity. The transfer mechanism is depicted below : 1. At baud rate (every 4 samples at 9.6kHz), the DSP transfers 4 samples from the Modem AFE to the internal receive buffer, after sending them through a high-passfilter with a transferfunction H(z) = (z-1)/ (z-0.875) used to remove all DC components from the signal, and transfers 4 samplesfrom the Internal transmit bufferto the Modem AFE. This comes from the currently implemented internal scheduling. The same operation is performed for the voice AFE. 2. After 3 bauds, the internal receive buffer is full (the internal transmit buffer is also empty), the DPR buffer is copied to the internal transmit buffer, then the internal receive buffer is copied into the DPR. 3. A host interrupt is generated : during servicing, the host reads the DPR sample buffer then writes it with new transmitted samples. XIV.1 - Sample buffers The mode uses the DPR locations to exchange samples between the host and the AFE’s ; since no data transfer (HDLC, UART) occurs in this mode, 76/84 the full 0x10 .. 0x3F DPR locations are available. The Modem sample buffer (MODEMDPR) uses locations 0x10 to 0x27 (24 bytes) to exchange 12 MAFE samples. The audio sample buffer (AUDIODPR) uses locations 0x28 to 0x3F to exchange 12 VAFE samples. Samples are represented in 16-bit linear data format, byte order is little-Endian(Intel-like, LSByteat low address),and consecutive locations correspond to consecutive samples in time. Example : locations (0x10, 0x11) correspond to the first sample (LSB, MSB) received from the line AFE. XIV.2 - Interrupts The DSP signal events to the host using the interrupt mailbox (ITREST[0..6], ITMASK, ITSRCR). IT2 is set by the DSP whenever the DPR buffers are ready. This interrupt source can be masked through ITMASK, and acknowledged using ITSRCR[0..6]. The host interrupt service routine should read received samples from the DPR, write transmitted samples to the DPR, then acknowledge by clearing the IT2 flag. The interrupt latency is approximately equal to the interrupt period, i.e. T = 1/800 = 1.25ms. Overrun and underrun conditions may occur if the host interrupt latency exceeds the previous value. Since this situation is unrecoverable, no specific action is taken. Nevertheless, for debug purposes the user can detect this condition by probing the interrupt line (SINTR), and trigger on a pulse width greater than the maximum allowed latency. ST75C530 - ST75C540 XV - DEFAULT CALL PROGRESS TONE DETECTORS Figure 44 : Call Progress Tone Detector Band 1 dB 0 no detection detection -10 dB no detection detection -8 step = 10Hz reference level = 0dB -20 -16 -24 -40 -32 f (Hz) -50 0 200 400 600 800 1000 75C53053.EPS -30 step = 100Hz reference level = 0dB f (Hz) -40 0 720 1440 2160 2880 3600 75C53054.EPS 0 Figure 45 : Call Progress Tone Detector Band 2 XVI - DEFAULT ANSWER TONE DETECTORS Figure 46 : 2100Hz Answer Tone Detector dB 0 step = 10Hz reference level = 0dB -10 -10 -20 -20 -30 -30 -50 2000 2040 2080 no detection detection step = 10Hz reference level = 0dB -40 no detection detection f (Hz) 2120 2160 2200 75C53055.EPS -40 dB f (Hz) -50 200 320 440 560 680 800 77/84 75C53056.EPS 0 Figure 47 : 440Hz Tone Detector 75C53057.EPS RxA MIC3 MIC2 MIC1 0VA V CM R4 1.2kΩ R3 1.2kΩ R2 1.2kΩ R1 1.2kΩ C20 (1) 2.2nF C19 (1) 2.2nF C18 (1) 2.2nF C17 (1) 2.2nF C9 (1) 100nF C7 (1) 100nF C4 2.2µF C8 4.7µF C5 (1) 100nF C6 2.2µF C2 2.2µF C10 (1) 100nF C16 (1) 100nF VCC C11 4.7µF MIC1 MIC2 8 9 20 DGND1 19 DVDD6 18 DGND6 17 EYEY 16 EYEX 15 TxA1 14 TxA2 13 AGNDM 12 AVDDM 11 RxA 10 MIC3 AGNDRA VCM 6 7 VREFP VREFN 4 5 AGNDTA 3 ST75C530 ST75C540 EXTALL GIO15 GIO16 SA1 GIO17 SA0 TEST0 SD5 RESET SD4 SPK3N SD3 SPK3P SD2 SPK2N SD1 SPK2P SD0 AVDDA DVDD1 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 SD6 SPK1P XTALL SD7 SPK1N DV DD5 DGND2 2 XPLL SR/W 1 GIO14 SA2 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 DGND5 DD2 DV C3 (1) 100nF CLKOUT SDS C1 2.2µF GIO13 SA3 +5VA GIO12 SA4 AGNDM GIO11 SA5 78/84 SA6 AGNDRA C14 (1) 100nF SCS 41 SINTR 42 INT/MOT 43 RGND 44 RELAY0 45 RELAY1 46 RING 47 GIO00 48 GIO01 49 DGND3 50 DVDD3 51 GIO02 52 GIO03 53 GIO04 54 GIO05 55 GIO06 56 GIO07 57 DGND4 58 DVDD4 59 GIO10 60 C12 (1) 100nF VCC C13 (1) 100nF C15 10µF ST75C530 - ST75C540 XVII - ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS Figure 48 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XVIII - PCB DESIGN GUIDELINES Performances of the FAX modem depends on the ST75C530/540 intrinsic performances and on the proper PC board layout. All aspects of the proper engineering practices, for PC board design, are beyond the scope of this paragraph. We recommend the following points : - in a 4-layer PC board : Separated digital ground and analog ground, connected together at one point, as close as possible to the ST75C530/540, - in a 2-layer PC board : Provide a ground grid in all spacearoundandundercomponentsonbothsides of the band and connect to avoid small islands, - both AGNDR and AGNDT must be connected with very low impedance to a single point, (see Chapter I.6, Power Supply), - the four 2.2nF capacitors connected to the RxA and MIC1, MIC2, MIC3 Pins must be as close as possible to them, - thetwo100nFcapacitorsconnectedtotheVREFP and VREFN pins must be as close as possible to them, - analog and digital supplies must be connected together,at a single point, as close as possibleto the chip. XIX - APPENDIX A : MODES OF OPERATION Figure 49 : Tone Mode (TONE) TxA1 ATT_TX 15 4 TONES GENERATOR DAC MUTE Line TxA2 11 16 TONE DETECTORS DUAL RAM INTERFACE HYBRID 14 DTMF DETECTOR DG ADC 4 TONE DETECTORS ATT_LOC V.21 FLAG DETECTOR RxA MUTE [0..-30]dB Step 3dB ATT_SPK 1 2 SPK1 76 DAC RING DETECTOR MUTE SPK3 77 78 MUTE 79 9 Addition of Signals Automatic Gain DG MIC2 8 75C53058.EPS Programmable Attenuation ADC SPK2 MIC1 10 MIC3 Figure 50 : Tone Mode with Caller ID (TONECID) TxA1 ATT_TX 4 TONES GENERATOR 15 DAC MUTE 11 DG ADC 4 TONE DETECTORS ATT_LOC V.21 FLAG DETECTOR UART Line TxA2 6 TONE DETECTORS DUAL RAM INTERFACE HYBRID 14 DTMF DETECTOR RxA MUTE [0..-30]dB Step 3dB ATT_SPK V.23 DEMODULATOR 1 2 SPK1 76 DAC MUTE SPK3 77 78 MUTE 79 9 Programmable Attenuation Addition of Signals DG Automatic Gain ADC 8 SPK2 MIC2 75C53059.EPS RING DETECTOR MIC1 10 MIC3 79/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XIX - APPENDIX A : MODES OF OPERATION (continued) Figure 51 : Fax Modem Mode (MODEM) TxA1 ATT_TX HDLC Tx 15 FAX TRANSMITTER DAC MUTE 14 HYBRID Line HYBRID Line TxA2 DUAL RAM INTERFACE SD[0..7] HANDSHAKE AND STATUS REPORT HDLC Rx 11 DG ADC RxA FAX RECEIVER MUTE [0..-30]dB Step 3dB 4 TONE DETECTORS SINTR 42 1 2 SPK1 76 DAC V.21 FLAG DETECTOR MUTE SPK3 77 ATT_LOC 78 MUTE 79 9 Programmable Attenuation Addition of Signals DG ADC Automatic Gain 8 SPK2 MIC2 75C53060.EPS DTMF DETECTOR (V.21ch2 only) MIC1 10 MIC3 Figure 52 : Data Modem Mode (Full Duplex Modem) (ST75C540 only) UART HDLC Tx TxA1 ATT_TX MODEM TRANSMITTER 15 DAC MUTE 14 TxA2 DUAL RAM INTERFACE SD[0..7] HANDSHAKE AND STATUS REPORT UART HDLC Rx ECHO CANCELLER 11 ADC RxA MUTE [0..-30]dB Step 3dB MODEM RECEIVER SINTR 42 1 2 SPK1 76 DAC MUTE SPK3 77 ATT_LOC 78 MUTE 9 Programmable Attenuation 80/84 Addition of Signals DG Automatic Gain ADC 8 SPK2 MIC2 MIC1 10 MIC3 75C53061.EPS 79 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XIX - APPENDIX A : MODES OF OPERATION (continued) Figure 53 : Decoder Mode (DECODER) TxA1 ATT_TX 15 DAC DECODER MUTE 14 4 TONE GENERATORS HYBRID Line HYBRID Line TxA2 LINE ECHO CANCELLER 11 ADC 4 TONE DETECTORS DUAL RAM INTERFACE RxA DG MUTE [0..-30]dB Step 3dB ATT_LOC DTMF DETECTOR RING DETECTOR 1 2 SPK1 76 DAC MUTE SPK3 77 78 MUTE 9 Programmable Attenuation Addition of Signals ADC Automatic Gain DG 8 SPK2 MIC2 75C53062.EPS 79 MIC1 10 MIC3 Figure 54 : Coder Mode (CODER) TxA1 4 TONE GENERATORS CODER 15 DAC MUTE 14 AGC TxA2 ATT_SEL 11 VOICE ACTIVITY DETECTOR DUAL RAM INTERFACE DTMF DETECTOR ADC RxA MUTE [0..-30]dB Step 3dB DG 4 TONE DETECTORS 1 2 SPK1 76 DAC RING DETECTOR MUTE SPK3 77 ATT_LOC 78 MUTE 9 Programmable Attenuation Addition of Signals DG Automatic Gain ADC ATT_MIC 8 SPK2 MIC2 75C53063.EPS 79 MIC1 10 MIC3 81/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XIX - APPENDIX A : MODES OF OPERATION (continued) Figure 55 : Room Monitoring Mode (ROOM) TxA1 15 DAC MUTE 14 ATT_TX HYBRID Line HYBRID Line TxA2 LINE ECHO CANCELLER 11 ADC DUAL RAM INTERFACE DTMF DETECTOR RxA DG MUTE [0..-30]dB Step 3dB 4 TONE DETECTORS 1 2 SPK1 76 DAC Programmable Attenuation MUTE Addition of Signals SPK3 77 78 MUTE Automatic Gain 79 9 ADC AGC 8 ATT_MIC SPK2 MIC2 75C53064.EPS DG MIC1 10 MIC3 Figure 56 : Telephone Mode (HANDSET) 4 TONE * GENERATOR TxA1 ATT_TX 15 DAC MUTE 14 TxA2 11 ADC DUAL RAM INTERFACE RxA CODER MUTE [0..-30]dB Step 3dB AGC 1 2 SPK1 76 * default is 2. RING DETECTOR DG SPK3 77 78 MUTE 79 9 ADC ATT_MIC 82/84 MUTE 8 SPK2 MIC2 MIC1 10 MIC3 75C53065.EPS 4 TONE * DETECTORS HALF/FULL DUPLEX SPEAKER-PHONE ALGORITHMS DAC AGC ST75C530 - ST75C540 XIX - APPENDIX A : MODES OF OPERATION (continued) Figure 57 : TransparentMode ATT_MODTX ATT_TX ATT_MODRX TxA1 15 4 TONE GENERATORS DAC MUTE HYBRID 14 Line DUAL RAM INTERFACE TxA2 DTMF DETECTOR 11 DC- (*) BLOCK DG ADC 6 PRIMARY TONE DETECTORS 4 SECONDARY TONE DETECTORS RxA MUTE [0..-30]dB Step 3dB ATT_SEL 1 2 SPK1 76 MUTE ATT_LOC SPK3 77 78 ATT_AUDTX 79 ATT_SPK ATT_AUDRX (*) H(z) = Addition of Signals 9 ATT_MIC DC- (*) BLOCKA Programmable Attenuation MUTE DG Automatic Gain ADC 8 SPK2 MIC2 MIC1 10 MIC3 75C53066.EPS DAC z-1 z - 0.875 83/84 ST75C530 - ST75C540 XX - PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 80 PINS - FULL THIN PLASTIC QUAD FLAT PACK (TQFP) A A2 e 80 A1 61 0,10 mm .004 inch 60 20 41 SEATING PLANE E3 E1 E B 1 c Dimensions A A1 A2 B C D D1 D3 e E E1 E3 L L1 K Min. 0.05 1.35 0.22 0.09 0.45 Millimeters Typ. 1.40 0.32 16.00 14.00 12.35 0.65 16.00 14.00 12.35 0.60 1.00 Max. 1.60 0.15 1.45 0.38 0.20 0.75 PM-1S.EPS K 0,25 mm .010 inch GAGE PLANE Min. 0.002 0.053 0.010 0.004 0.020 Inches Typ. 0.055 0.012 0.630 0.551 0.486 0.026 0.630 0.551 0.486 0.024 0.039 Max. 0.063 0.006 0.057 0.014 0.008 0.030 0o (Min.), 7o (Max.) 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