Data Sheet, Rev. 1.0, May 2010 BTM7745G High Current H-Bridge Trilith IC 3G Automotive Power High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Table of Contents Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4 4.1 4.2 Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Pin Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Pin Definitions and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 General Product Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thermal Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.4 6.3.5 6.3.6 6.4 6.4.1 6.4.2 6.4.3 6.4.4 6.4.5 Block Description and Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Supply Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Power Stages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Power Stages - Static Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Switching Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Power Stages - Dynamic Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Protection Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Overvoltage Lock Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Undervoltage Shut Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Overtemperature Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Current Limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Short Circuit Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Electrical Characteristics - Protection Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Control and Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Input Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Dead Time Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Status Flag Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Truth Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Electrical Characteristics - Control and Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 7 7.1 Application Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Application and Layout Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 8 Package Outlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 9 Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Data Sheet 2 6 6 7 8 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge Trilith IC 3G 1 BTM7745G Overview Features • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Integrated high current H-Bridge Path resistance of max. 500 mΩ @ 150 °C (typ. 250 mΩ @ 25 °C) Low quiescent current of typ. 5µA @ 25 °C Current limitation level of 12 A typ. (6 A min.) Driver circuit with logic inputs Status flag diagnosis Overtemperature shut down with latch behaviour Overvoltage lock out PG-DSO-36-29 Undervoltage shut down Switch-mode current limitation for reduced power dissipation in overcurrent situation Integrated dead time generation Operation up to 28V Green Product (RoHS compliant) AEC Qualified Description The BTM7745G is a fully integrated high current H-bridge for motor drive applications. It contains two p-channel highside MOSFETs and two n-channel lowside MOSFETs with an integrated driver IC in one package. Due to the p-channel highside switches the need for a charge pump is eliminated thus minimizing EMI. Interfacing to a microcontroller is made easy by the integrated driver IC which features logic level inputs, diagnosis,dead time generation and protection against overtemperature, overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent and short circuit. The BTM7745G provides an optimized solution for protected high current motor drives with very low board space consumption. Type Package Marking BTM7745G PG-DSO-36-29 BTM7745G Data Sheet 3 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Diagram 2 Block Diagram VS VS Overtemp. detection HS1 HS2 Undervolt. detection Overcurr. Detection HS1 Overvolt. detection Overcurr. Detection HS2 Gate Driver HS HS off OUT1 Gate Driver HS Digital Logic LS off LS off Gate Driver LS HS off OUT2 Gate Driver LS Overcurr. Detection LS1 Overcurr. Detection LS2 LS1 LS2 GND GND IN1 Figure 1 Block Diagram 3 Terms IN2 INH ST following figure shows the terms used in this data sheet. IS , -ID(HS) VS IIN1 VDS(HS) VS IN1 VIN1 IOUT , ID, IL I IN2 VIN2 OUT1 IN2 VSD(LS) IINH VINH VOUT IOUT , I D, IL INH OUT2 IST VST VDS(HS) VSD(LS) ST VOUT GND IGND , I D(LS) Figure 2 Data Sheet Terms 4 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Pin Configuration 4 Pin Configuration 4.1 Pin Assignment OUT1 1 36 OUT1 OUT1 2 35 OUT1 OUT1 3 34 OUT1 OUT1 4 33 OUT1 GND 5 32 VS GND 6 31 VS GND 7 30 VS GND 8 29 VS IN1 9 28 ST IN2 10 27 INH VS 11 26 GND VS 12 25 GND VS 13 24 GND VS 14 23 GND OUT2 15 22 OUT2 OUT2 16 21 OUT2 OUT2 17 20 OUT2 OUT2 18 19 OUT2 Figure 3 Pin Configuration BTM7745G 4.2 Pin Definitions and Functions Pins written in bold type need power wiring. Pin Symbol Function 1..4, 33..36 OUT1 Output of first half bridge 5..8, 23..26 GND Ground 9 IN1 Input of first half bridge 10 IN2 Input of second half bridge 11..14, 29..32 VS Supply, all pins to be connected and shorted externally 15..22 OUT2 Output of second half bridge 27 INH Inhibit pin, to set device in sleep/stand-by mode 28 ST Status signal, open drain output Data Sheet 5 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G General Product Characteristics 5 General Product Characteristics 5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute Maximum Ratings 1) Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C; all voltages with respect to ground (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter 5.1.1 Supply voltage 5.1.2 Logic Input Voltage 5.1.3 HS/LS continuous drain current 5.1.4 Voltage at ST pin 5.1.5 ST pin continuous current 5.1.6 ST pin peak current Symbol Limit Values Unit Conditions Min. Max. VS VIN1,VIN2, VINH ID(HS) ID(LS) VST IST IST -0.3 45 V – -0.3 5.5 V – -3.2 3.2 A TC < 85°C switch active -0.3 45 V – 0 2 mA – 0 4 mA tpeak < 10µs Tj Tstg -40 150 °C – -55 150 °C – kV HBM2) Thermal Maximum Ratings 5.1.7 Junction temperature 5.1.8 Storage temperature ESD Susceptibility 5.1.9 ESD susceptibility VESD IN1, IN2, ST, INH OUT1, OUT2, GND, VS -2 -4 2 4 1) Not subject to production test, specified by design. 2) HBM according to EIA/JESD 22-A 114B (1.5 kΩ, 100pF) Note: Stresses above the ones listed here may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Note: Integrated protection functions are designed to prevent IC destruction under fault conditions described in the data sheet. Fault conditions are considered as “outside” normal operating range. Protection functions are not designed for continuous repetitive operation. Data Sheet 6 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G General Product Characteristics Maximum Single Pulse Current 20 Imax [A] 15 10 5 0 0,0001 0,001 0,01 0,1 1 10 100 tpulse [s] BTM7745G Maximum Single Pulse Current (TC = Tj(0) < 85°C) Figure 4 This diagram shows the maximum single pulse current that can be driven for a given pulse time tpulse. The maximum reachable current may be smaller depending on the current limitation level. Pulse time may be limited due to thermal protection of the device. 5.2 Pos. Functional Range Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Max. Unit Conditions 5.2.1 Supply Voltage Range for Normal Operation VS(nor) 8 18 V VS pins shorted 5.2.2 Extended Supply Voltage Range for Operation VS(ext) 5.5 28 V VS pins shorted; Parameter deviations possible; 1) 5.2.3 Junction Temperature Tj -40 150 °C – 1) Overtemperature protection available up to supply voltage VS = 18V. Note: Within the functional range the IC operates as described in the circuit description. The electrical characteristics are specified within the conditions given in the related electrical characteristics table. Data Sheet 7 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G General Product Characteristics 5.3 Thermal Resistance Note: This thermal data was generated in accordance with JEDEC JESD51 standards. For more information, go to www.jedec.org. Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions 5.3.1 Thermal Resistance Junction to Soldering Point, Low Side Switch RthjSP(LS) = ΔTj(LS)/ Pv(LS) RthjSP(LS) – – 29 K/W 1) 5.3.2 Thermal Resistance Junction to Soldering Point, High Side Switch RthjSP(HS) = ΔTj(HS)/ Pv(HS) RthjSP(HS) – – 29 K/W 1) 5.3.3 Thermal Resistance Junction to Soldering Point, both switches RthjSP= max[ΔTj(HS), ΔTj(LS)] / (Pv(HS) + Pv(LS)) RthjSP – – 29 K/W 1) 5.3.4 Thermal Resistance Junction-Ambient Rthja – 46 – K/W 1) 2) ; 1) Not subject to production test, specified by design. 2) Specified Rthja value is according to Jedec JESD51-2, -7 at natural convection on FR4 2s2p board; The product (chip+package) was simulated on a 76.2 x 114.3 x 1.5 mm board with 2 inner copper layers (2 x 70µm Cu, 2 x 35µm Cu). Transient thermal impedance Zthja Figure 5 is showing the typical transient thermal impedance of high side or low side switch of BTM7745G mounted according to JEDEC JESD51-7 at natural convection on FR4 2s2p board. The device (chip+package) was simulated on a 76.2 x 114.3 x 1.5 mm board with 2 inner copper layers (2 x 70µm Cu, 2 x 35µm Cu). For the simulation each chip was separately powered with 1W at an ambient temperature Ta of 85°C. 50 45 40 Zth-ja [K/W] 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0,001 High side sw itch / Low side sw itch 0,01 0,1 1 10 100 1000 tpulse [s] Figure 5 Data Sheet Typical transient thermal impedance of BTM7745G on JESD51-7 2s2p board (1W each chip (separately heated), Ta = 85°C, single pulse) 8 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Description and Characteristics 6 Block Description and Characteristics 6.1 Supply Characteristics VS = 8 V to 18 V, Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C, IL = 0A, VS pins shorted, all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Max. Unit Test Conditions General 6.1.1 Supply Current IS(on) – 5 9.5 mA VINH or VIN1 or VIN2 = 5 V DC-mode normal operation (no fault condition) 6.1.2 Quiescent Current IS(off) – 5 15 µA VINH = VIN1 = VIN2 = 0 V Tj < 85 °C; 1) – – 30 µA VINH = VIN1 = VIN2 = 0 V 1) Not subject to production test, specified by design. I S ( o f f ) [µA] 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -40 0 40 80 120 160 T [°C] Figure 6 Data Sheet Typical Quiescent Current vs. Junction Temperature (typ. @ VS = 13.5V) 9 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Description and Characteristics 6.2 Power Stages The power stages of the BTM7745G consist of p-channel vertical DMOS transistors for the high side switches and n-channel vertical DMOS transistors for the low side switches. All protection and diagnostic functions are located in a separate control chip. Both switches, high side and low side, allow active freewheeling and thus minimize power dissipation in the forward operation of the integrated diodes. The on state resistance RON is dependent on the supply voltage VS as well as on the junction temperature Tj. The typical on state resistance characteristics are shown in Figure 7. Low Side Switch High Side Switch 400 RON(L S) [mΩ] RON (HS) [mΩ] 250 200 T j = 150°C 150 350 300 Tj = 150°C 250 200 Tj = 25°C 100 Tj = 25°C 150 Tj = -40°C Tj = -40°C 100 50 50 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 4 VS [V] Figure 7 Data Sheet 8 12 16 20 24 28 VS [V] Typical On State Resistance vs. Supply Voltage 10 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Description and Characteristics 6.2.1 Power Stages - Static Characteristics VS = 8 V to 18 V, Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C, VS pins shorted, all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Unit Test Conditions mΩ IOUT = 1 A VS = 13.5 V Tj = 25 °C; 1) Tj = 150 °C µA VINH = VIN1 = VIN2 = 0 V VOUT = 0 V Tj < 85 °C; 1) Tj = 150 °C V IOUT = -1 A Tj = -40 °C; 1) Tj = 25 °C; 1) Tj = 150 °C mΩ IOUT = -1 A VS = 13.5 V Tj = 25 °C; 1) Tj = 150 °C µA VINH = VIN1 = VIN2 = 0 V VOUT = VS Tj < 85 °C; 1) Tj = 150 °C V IOUT = 1 A Tj = -40 °C; 1) Tj = 25 °C; 1) Tj = 150 °C Max. High Side Switch - Static Characteristics 6.2.1 On state high side resistance RON(HS) – – 6.2.2 Leakage current high side 100 140 IL(LKHS) – – 6.2.3 Reverse diode forward-voltage high side 2) – 190 – – 1 5 VDS(HS) – – – 0.9 0.8 0.6 – – 0.8 Low Side Switch - Static Characteristics 6.2.4 On state low side resistance RON(LS) – – 6.2.5 6.2.6 Leakage current low side Reverse diode forward-voltage low side 2) 150 250 – 300 -IL(LKLS) – – – – 1 3 – – – 0.9 0.8 0.6 – – 0.8 VSD(LS) 1) Not subject to production test, specified by design. 2) Due to active freewheeling diode is conducting only until related switch is on. Data Sheet 11 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Description and Characteristics 6.2.2 Switching Times IN tdr(HS ) t df (HS ) tf (HS ) t r(HS ) t V OUT 90% 90% ΔVOUT ΔVOUT 40% 40% t Figure 8 Definition of switching times high side (Rload to GND) IN tdf (LS ) tf (LS ) t dr(LS ) tr(LS ) t V OUT 60% 60% ΔVOUT ΔVOUT 10% 10% t Figure 9 Definition of switching times low side (Rload to VS) Due to the timing differences for the rising and the falling edge there will be a slight difference between the length of the input pulse and the length of the output pulse. It can be calculated using the following formulas: • • ΔtHS = (tdr(HS) + 0.2 tr(HS)) - (tdf(HS) + 0.8 tf(HS)) ΔtLS = (tdf(LS) + 0.2 tf(LS)) - (tdr(LS) + 0.8 tr(LS)). Data Sheet 12 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Description and Characteristics 6.2.3 Power Stages - Dynamic Characteristics VS = 13.5V, Tj = +150 °C,RLoad = 12 Ω, VINH = 5V, VS pins shorted, all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Max. Unit Test Conditions High Side Switch Dynamic Characteristics 6.2.7 Rise-time of HS tr(HS) 5 15 25 µs – 6.2.8 Slew rate HS on ΔVOUT/ – 0.4 – V/µs – 6.2.9 Switch on delay time HS 50 95 140 µs – 6.2.10 Fall-time of HS tr( HS) tdr(HS) tf(HS) 5 15 25 µs – 6.2.11 Slew rate HS off -ΔVOUT/ – 0.4 – V/µs – 6.2.12 Switch off delay time HS tf(HS) tdf(HS) 25 55 80 µs – Low Side Switch Dynamic Characteristics 6.2.13 Rise-time of LS tr(LS) 10 20 30 µs – 6.2.14 Slew rate LS switch off ΔVOUT/ – 0.4 – V/µs – 6.2.15 Switch off delay time LS 30 60 90 µs – 6.2.16 Fall-time of LS tr(LS) tdr(LS) tf(LS) 10 20 30 µs – 6.2.17 Slew rate LS switch on -ΔVOUT/ – 0.4 – V/µs – Switch on delay time LS tf(LS) tdf(LS) 40 80 120 µs – 6.2.18 6.3 Protection Functions The device provides integrated protection functions. These are designed to prevent IC destruction under fault conditions described in the data sheet. Fault conditions are considered as “outside” normal operating range. Protection functions are not to be used for continuous or repetitive operation, with the exception of the current limitation (Chapter 6.3.4). Overvoltage, overtemperature and overcurrent are indicated by switching the open drain output ST to low. Although the slew rate is defined as above (Chapter 6.2.3), in case of overvoltage and overcurrent the device will have a higher slew rate of typically 11V/µs. In the following the protection functions are listed in order of their priority. Overvoltage lock out overrides all other error modes. 6.3.1 Overvoltage Lock Out To assure a high immunity against overvoltages (e.g. load dump conditions) the device shuts both lowside MOSFETs off and turns both highside MOSFET on, if the supply voltage VS is exceeding the over voltage protection level VOV(OFF). The IC operates in normal mode again with a hysteresis VOV(HY) if the supply voltage decreases below the switch-on voltage VOV(ON). This behavior of the BTM7745G will lead to freewheeling in highside during over voltage. Data Sheet 13 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Description and Characteristics 6.3.2 Undervoltage Shut Down To avoid uncontrolled motion of the driven motor at low voltages the device shuts off (both outputs are tri-state), if the supply voltage VS drops below the switch-off voltage VUV(OFF). In this case all latches will be reset. The IC becomes active again with a hysteresis VUV(HY) if the supply voltage rises above the switch-on voltage VUV(ON). 6.3.3 Overtemperature Protection The BTM7745G is protected against overtemperature by integrated temperature sensors. Each half bridge, which consists of one high side and one low side switch, is protected by one temperature sensor located in the high side switch. Both temperature sensors function independently. A detection of overtemperature through temperature sensor leads to a shut down of both switches in the half bridge. This state is latched until the device is reset by a low signal with a minimum length of treset simultaneously at the INH pin and both IN pins, provided that its temperature has decreased at least the thermal hysteresis ΔT in the meantime. Overtemperature protection is available up to supply voltage VS = 18V. For sufficient over temperature protection please consider also operation below the limitations outlined in Figure 4 and Figure 5. Repetitive use of the overtemperature protection might reduce lifetime. 6.3.4 Current Limitation The current in the bridge is measured in all four switches. As soon as the current in forward direction in one switch is reaching the limit ICLx, this switch is deactivated for tCLS. In case of INH = 5V (high) the other switch of the same half bridge is activated for the same time (tCLS). During that time all changes at the related IN pin are ignored. However, the INH pin can still be used to switch all MOSFETs off. After tCLS the switches return to their initial setting. The error signal at the ST pin is reset after 1.5 * tCLS if no overcurrent state is detected in the meantime. Unintentional triggering of the current limitation by short current spikes (e.g. inflicted by EMI coming from the motor) is suppressed by internal filter circuitry. Due to thresholds and reaction delay times of the filter circuitry the effective current limitation level ICLx depends on the slew rate of the load current di/dt as shown in Figure 11. IL t C LS 1. 5 *tC LS IC Lx I C Lx 0 O t VST 5V O Figure 10 Data Sheet t Timing Diagram Current Limitation and Status Flag 14 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Description and Characteristics Low Side Switch High Side Switch 14 Tj = -40°C 13 ICLH0 I C L L [A] I C L H [A] 14 Tj = 25°C Tj = 150°C Tj = -40°C 13 ICLL0 Tj = 25°C Tj = 150°C 12 12 11 11 10 10 0 50 100 0 150 50 100 dIL/dt [A/ms] dIL/dt [A/ms] Current Limitation Level vs. Current Slew Rate dIL/dt Figure 11 High Side Switch Low Side Switch 16 16 15 15 14 13 ICLL [A] IC LH [A] 150 Tj = -40°C 14 13 Tj = 25°C 12 11 Tj = -40°C 11 10 10 9 9 8 6 10 14 18 22 Tj = 150°C 8 26 6 VS [V] Figure 12 Tj = 25°C 12 Tj = 150°C 10 14 18 22 26 VS [V] Typical Current Limitation Detection Levels vs. Supply Voltage In combination with a typical inductive load, such as a motor, this results in a switched mode current limitation. This method of limiting the current has the advantage that the power dissipation in the BTM7745G is much smaller than by driving the MOSFETs in linear mode. Therefore it is possible to use the current limitation for a short time without exceeding the maximum allowed junction temperature (e.g. for limiting the inrush current during motor start up). However, the regular use of the current limitation is allowed as long as the specified maximum junction temperature is not exceeded. Exceeding this temperature can reduce the lifetime of the device. Data Sheet 15 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Description and Characteristics 6.3.5 Short Circuit Protection The device provides embedded protection functions against • • • output short circuit to ground output short circuit to supply voltage short circuit of load The short circuit protection is realized by the previously described current limitation in combination with the overtemperature shut down (see Chapter 6.3.3) of the device. 6.3.6 Electrical Characteristics - Protection Functions VS = 8 V to 18 V, Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C, VS pins shorted, all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Max. Unit Test Conditions Over Voltage Lock Out 6.3.1 Switch-ON voltage VOV(ON) 27.8 – – V Vs decreasing 6.3.2 Switch-OFF voltage VOV(OFF) 28 – 30 V Vs increasing 6.3.3 ON/OFF hysteresis VOV(HY) – 0.2 – V 1) Under Voltage Shut Down 6.3.4 Switch-ON voltage VUV(ON) – – 5.5 V VS increasing 6.3.5 Switch-OFF voltage VUV(OFF) 4.0 – 5.4 V VS decreasing 6.3.6 ON/OFF hysteresis VUV(HY) – 0.2 – V 1) Thermal Shut Down 6.3.7 Thermal shut down junction temperature TjSD 155 175 200 °C 1) 6.3.8 Thermal switch on junction temperature TjSO 153 – 190 °C 1) 6.3.9 Thermal hysteresis ΔT – 7 – °C 1) 6.3.10 Reset pulse at INH and IN pin treset (INH, IN1 and IN2 low) 8 – – µs 1) ; VS ≤ 18 V Current Limitation 6.3.11 Current limitation detection level high side ICLH0 6 12 16 A VS = 13.5 V 6.3.12 Current limitation detection level low side ICLL0 6 12 16 A VS = 13.5 V 6.3.13 Shut off time for HS and LS tCLS 50 100 200 µs VS = 13.5 V, Tj = 25 °C 1) Not subject to production test, specified by design. Data Sheet 16 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Description and Characteristics 6.4 Control and Diagnostics 6.4.1 Input Circuit The control inputs INx and INH consist of TTL/CMOS compatible schmitt triggers with hysteresis which control the integrated gate drivers for the MOSFETs. To set the device in stand-by mode, INH and INx pins need to be all connected to GND. When the INH is high, in each half bridge one of the two power switches (HSx or LSx) is switched on, while the other power switch is switched off, depending on the status of the INx pin. When INH is low, a high INx signal will turn the corresponding highside switches on. This provides customer the possibility to switch on one high side switch while keeping the other switches off and therefore to do an open load detection together with external circuitry (see also Chapter 7 - Application Information). A low on all INx and INH signal will turn off both power switches. To drive the logic inputs no external driver is needed, therefore the BTM7745G can be interfaced directly to a microcontroller. 6.4.2 Dead Time Generation In bridge applications it has to be assured that the highside and lowside MOSFET are not conducting at the same time, connecting directly the battery voltage to GND. This is assured by a circuit in the driver IC, which senses the status of the MOSFETs to ensure that the high or low side switch can be switched on only if the corresponding low or high side switch is completely turned off. 6.4.3 Status Flag Diagnosis The status pin provides diagnostic signal of the device. It is an open drain output which requires a pull-up resistor. In case of overvoltage, overtemperature and overcurrent situation the status output is switched to low. In case of current limitation the status output is activated for 1.5 * tCLS. Data Sheet 17 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Description and Characteristics 6.4.4 Truth Table Device State Normal operation Open-Load detection mode Inputs Outputs Mode INH IN1 IN2 HS1 LS1 HS2 LS2 0 0 0 OFF OFF OFF OFF 1 ST Stand-by mode, reset 1 0 0 OFF ON OFF ON 1 – 1 0 1 OFF ON ON OFF 1 – 1 1 0 ON OFF OFF ON – 1 1 1 ON OFF ON 1 OFF 1 – 0 0 1 OFF OFF ON OFF 1 Enable Open-load detection 0 1 0 ON OFF OFF OFF 1 Enable Open-load detection 0 1 1 ON OFF ON OFF 1 Over-voltage (OV) X X X ON OFF ON OFF 0 Under-voltage (UV) Shut-down of LSS, HSS activated, error detected X X X OFF OFF OFF OFF 1 UV lockout, reset Overtemperature or 0 short circuit of HSS or 1 LSS 1) X 0 0 OFF OFF OFF OFF 1 Stand-by mode, reset of latch X X OFF OFF OFF OFF 0 1 X Shut-down with latch, error detected X X 1 1 0 X ON 1 1 X OFF ON 0 1 1 Current limitation mode half bridge 1 Current limitation mode half bridge 2 OFF X X 0 Short Circuit in LS1 detected, half bridge 2 operates in normal mode X X 0 Short Circuit in HS1 detected, half bridge 2 operates in normal mode X OFF OFF X X 0 Short Circuit in HS1 detected X 0 X X ON OFF 0 1 X 1 X X OFF ON 0 X 1 X X OFF OFF 0 0 Short Circuit in LS2 detected, half bridge 1 operates in normal mode Short Circuit in HS2 detected, half bridge 1 operates in normal mode Short Circuit in HS2 detected 1) In short circuit of HSS or LSS, the junction temperature will arise and as soon as the over temperature shut down threshold is reached the device will shut down and latch the status. Short circuit of HSS and LSS itself won’t be detected as failure. Inputs: Switches Status Flag ST: 0 = Logic LOW OFF = switched off 0 = Logic LOW (error) 1 = Logic HIGH ON = switched on 1 = Logic HIGH (normal operation) X = 0 or 1 X = switched on or off Data Sheet 18 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Block Description and Characteristics 6.4.5 Electrical Characteristics - Control and Diagnostics VS = 8 V to 18 V, Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C, VS pins shorted, all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Max. Unit Test Conditions Control Inputs (IN and INH) 6.4.1 High level threshold voltage VINH(H), – INH, IN1, IN2 VIN1(H), VIN2(H) 1.6 2 V – 6.4.2 Low level threshold voltage VINH(L), 1.1 INH, IN1, IN2 VIN1(L), VIN2(L) 1.4 – V – 6.4.3 Input voltage hysteresis VINHHY,VINHY – 200 – mV 1) 6.4.4 Input current IINH(H), IIN1(H), IIN2(H) – 30 200 µA VIN1,VIN2,VINH = 5.5 V 6.4.5 Input current IINH(L), IIN1(L), IIN2(L) – 25 125 µA VIN1, VIN2, VINH = 0.4 V VST(LOW) IST(LK) – – 0.4 V – – 1 µA IST = 1.6 mA VST = 0...28 V Status Signal 6.4.6 Status Low output voltage 6.4.7 Status leakage current 1) Not subject to production test, specified by design. Data Sheet 19 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Application Information 7 Application Information Note: The following information is given as a hint for the implementation of the device only and shall not be regarded as a description or warranty of a certain functionality, condition or quality of the device. Voltage Regulator Microcontroller XC866 I/O WO Reset RO Vdd I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O RST 4.7kΩ D Vss VS HS1 VS DZ1 10V GND R1 10kΩ CD 47nF BTM7745G INH I Q CQ 22µF I/O TLE 4278G Reverse Polarity Protection e.g. IPD50P03P4L-11 VS HS2 CSc CS RINH 4.7kΩ IN1 OUT1 RIN1 4.7kΩ IN2 ST M OUT2 RIN2 4.7kΩ LS1 LS2 GND GND RD1 Figure 13 RD2 Application Diagram Note: This is a very simplified example of an application circuit. The function must be verified in the real application. 7.1 Application and Layout Considerations Due to the fast switching times for high currents, special care has to be taken during the PCB layout. Stray inductances have to be minimized in the power bridge design as it is necessary in all switched high power bridges. The BTM7745G has no separate pin for power ground and logic ground. Therefore it is recommended to assure that the offset between power ground and logic ground pins of the device is minimized. It is also necessary to ensure that all VS pins are at the same voltage level. Therefore the VS pins need to be shorted together. Voltage differences between the VS pins may cause parameter deviations (such as reduced current limits) up to a latched shutdown of the device with error signal on the ST pin, similar to overtemperature shutdown. Due to the fast switching behavior of the device in current limitation mode or overvoltage lock out a low ESR electrolytic capacitor Cs of at least 100 µF from VS to GND is recommended. This prevents destructive voltage peaks and drops on VS. This is recommended for both PWM and non PWM controlled applications. The value of the capacitor must be verified in the real application. In addition a ceramic capacitor Csc from VS to GND close to each device is recommended to provide current for the switching phase via a low inductance path and therefore reducing noise and ground bounce. A reasonable value for this capacitor would be about 470 nF. Data Sheet 20 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Application Information It is recommended to do the freewheeling in the low side path to ensure a proper function and avoid unintended overtemperature detection and shutdown. For proper operation it is also recommended to put a pull-down resistor RDx on each output OUTx to GND with a value in the range of e.g. 1...10 kΩ. These resistors can also be used for open load detection. Considerations for Open Load Detection Mode As mentioned in Chapter 6.4.1 both high side switches can be switched on independently while all other switches are off. This will be realized by setting the corresponding IN signal to high while INH and the other IN are low. Device State Open-Load detection mode Inputs Outputs Mode INH IN1 IN2 HS1 LS1 0 0 1 OFF 0 1 0 0 1 1 HS2 LS2 ST OFF ON OFF 1 HS2 active ON OFF OFF OFF 1 HS1 active ON OFF ON OFF 1 both HSx are active Together with the recommended pull-down resistors on the outputs OUTx to GND this provides the possibility to do an open load detection in H-bridge configuration. In case of one high side is active while the other half bridge is off (HS off and LS off) a current of up to 2mA will be sourced out of the OUT of the high ohmic half bridge. This has to be considered while choosing the right value of the pull-down resistor. Data Sheet 21 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Package Outlines C 17 x 0.65 = 11.05 0.33 ±0.08 1.1 7.6 -0.2 1) 0.1 C 36x SEATING PLANE 0.23 +0.09 0.35 x 45˚ 8˚ MAX. 0.65 2.65 MAX. Package Outlines 0.2 -0.1 STAND OFF 2.45 -0.2 8 0.7 ±0.2 10.3 ±0.3 D 2) 0.17 M C A-B D 36x A 36 1 19 Ejector Mark Depth 0.2 MAX. 18 B 1) 12.8 -0.2 Index Marking 1) Does not include plastic or metal protrusion of 0.15 max. per side 2) Does not include dambar protrusion of 0.05 max. per side PG-DSO-36-20, -29, -34, -43, -44-PO V05 Footprint 0.45 0.65 1.67 9.73 HLGF1145 Figure 14 PG-DSO-36-29 (Plastic Green Dual Small Outline Package) Green Product (RoHS compliant) To meet the world-wide customer requirements for environmentally friendly products and to be compliant with government regulations the device is available as a green product. Green products are RoHS-Compliant (i.e Pb-free finish on leads and suitable for Pb-free soldering according to IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020). For further information on alternative packages, please visit our website: http://www.infineon.com/packages. Data Sheet 22 Dimensions in mm Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 High Current H-Bridge BTM7745G Revision History 9 Revision History Revision Date Changes 1.0 2010-05-28 Initial version Data Sheet Data Sheet 23 Rev. 1.0, 2010-05-28 Edition 2010-05-28 Published by Infineon Technologies AG 81726 Munich, Germany © 2010 Infineon Technologies AG All Rights Reserved. Legal Disclaimer The information given in this document shall in no event be regarded as a guarantee of conditions or characteristics. With respect to any examples or hints given herein, any typical values stated herein and/or any information regarding the application of the device, Infineon Technologies hereby disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of any kind, including without limitation, warranties of non-infringement of intellectual property rights of any third party. Information For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office (www.infineon.com). Warnings Due to technical requirements, components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office. Infineon Technologies components may be used in life-support devices or systems only with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered.