Data Sheet, Rev. 1.0, Sept. 2009 BTN7963B High Current PN Half Bridge NovalithIC™ Automotive Power High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Table of Contents 1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 2.1 2.2 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 3.1 3.2 Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Pin Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Pin Definitions and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 General Product Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thermal Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.3.5 5.3.6 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5 5.4.6 Block Description and Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Supply Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Power Stages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Power Stages - Static Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Switching Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Power Stages - Dynamic Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Protection Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Overvoltage mode (Smart Clamping) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Undervoltage Shut Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Overtemperature Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Current Limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Short Circuit Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Electrical Characteristics - Protection Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Control and Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Input Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Dead Time Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Adjustable Slew Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Status Flag Diagnosis With Current Sense Capability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Truth Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Electrical Characteristics - Control and Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 Application Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Layout Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Half-bridge Configuration Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Package Outlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 8 Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Data Sheet 2 6 6 8 8 22 22 22 23 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge NovalithIC™ 1 BTN7963B Overview Features • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Path resistance of max. 30.5 mΩ @ 150 °C (typ. 16 mΩ @ 25 °C) High Side: max. 12.8 mΩ @ 150 °C (typ. 7 mΩ @ 25 °C) Low Side: max. 17.7 mΩ @ 150 °C (typ. 9 mΩ @ 25 °C) Enhanced switching speed for reduced switching losses (rise/fall times down to typ. 550ns) Extended operating voltage range down to 4.5 V (high side switch) Low quiescent current of typ. 7 μA @ 25 °C PWM capability of up to 25 kHz combined with active freewheeling Switched mode current limitation for reduced power dissipation in overcurrent Current limitation level of 33 A min. / 47 A typ. (low side) Status flag diagnosis with current sense capability Overtemperature shut down with latch behaviour Smart clamping in overvoltage Undervoltage shut down Driver circuit with logic level inputs Adjustable slew rates for optimized EMI Operation up to 28V Green Product (RoHS compliant) AEC Qualified PG-TO263-7-1 Description The BTN7963B is an integrated high current half bridge for motor drive applications. It is part of the NovalithIC™ family containing one p-channel highside MOSFET and one n-channel lowside MOSFET with an integrated driver IC in one package. Due to the p-channel highside switch the need for a charge pump is eliminated thus minimizing EMI. Interfacing to a microcontroller is made easy by the integrated driver IC which features logic level inputs, diagnosis with current sense, slew rate adjustment, dead time generation, smart clamping in overvoltage, and protection against overtemperature, undervoltage, overcurrent and short circuit. The BTN7963B provides a cost optimized solution for protected high current PWM motor drives with very low board space consumption. Type Package Marking BTN7963B PG-TO263-7-1 BTN7963B Data Sheet 3 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Diagram 2 Block Diagram The BTN7963B is part of the NovalithIC™ family containing three separate chips in one package: One p-channel highside MOSFET and one n-channel lowside MOSFET together with a driver IC, forming an integrated high current half-bridge. All three chips are mounted on one common lead frame, using the chip on chip and chip by chip technology. The power switches utilize vertical MOS technologies to ensure optimum on state resistance. Due to the p-channel highside switch the need for a charge pump is eliminated thus minimizing EMI. Interfacing to a microcontroller is made easy by the integrated driver IC which features logic level inputs, diagnosis with current sense, slew rate adjustment, dead time generation, smart clamping in overvoltage and protection against overtemperature, undervoltage, overcurrent and short circuit. The BTN7963B can be combined with other BTN7963B to form H-bridge and 3-phase drive configurations. 2.1 Block Diagram VS Undervolt. detection Overvolt. detection Current Sense Overcurr. Detection HS Overtemp. detection Gate Driver HS IS Digital Logic LS off IN OUT HS off Gate Driver LS INH Overcurr. Detection LS Slewrate Adjustment SR GND Figure 1 Block Diagram 2.2 Terms Following figure shows the terms used in this data sheet. VS I VS , -I D( HS) I IN IN V IN VS IINH I OUT , I L INH V INH VDS (HS ) O UT ISR VSD (LS ) V OUT SR VSR I IS IS V IS G ND IGND , I D( LS) Figure 2 Data Sheet Terms 4 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Pin Configuration 3 Pin Configuration 3.1 Pin Assignment 8 1234 5 67 Figure 3 Pin Assignment BTN7963B (top view) 3.2 Pin Definitions and Functions Pin Symbol I/O Function 1 GND - Ground 2 IN I Input Defines whether high- or lowside switch is activated 3 INH I Inhibit When set to low device goes in sleep mode 4,8 OUT O Power output of the bridge 5 SR I Slew Rate The slew rate of the power switches can be adjusted by connecting a resistor between SR and GND 6 IS O Current Sense and Diagnostics 7 VS - Supply Bold type: pin needs power wiring Data Sheet 5 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B General Product Characteristics 4 General Product Characteristics 4.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute Maximum Ratings 1) Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C; all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Conditions Min. Max. -0.3 28 V – – 40 V 2) Voltages 4.1.1 Supply Voltage 4.1.2 Supply Voltage for Load Dump Protection (VS(LD)= VA + VS with VA = 13.5V) VS VS(LD) Ri = 2 Ω RL = 0.5 Ω td = 400ms suppressed pulse 4.1.3 Logic Input Voltage 4.1.4 Voltage at SR Pin 4.1.5 Voltage between VS and IS Pin 4.1.6 Voltage at IS Pin VIN VINH VSR VS -VIS VIS -0.3 5.3 V – -0.3 1.0 V – -0.3 45 V – -20 28 V – ID(HS) ID(LS) -44 44 A TC < 85°C switch active -40 40 A TC < 125°C switch active -90 90 A TC < 85°C tpulse = 10ms Currents 4.1.7 4.1.8 HS/LS Continuous Drain Current3) HS/LS Pulsed Drain Current3) ID(HS) ID(LS) single pulse -85 85 A TC < 125°C tpulse = 10ms single pulse 4.1.9 HS/LS PWM Current 3) ID(HS) ID(LS) -55 55 A TC < 85°C f = 1kHz, DC = 50% -50 50 A TC < 125°C f = 1kHz, DC = 50% -60 60 A TC < 85°C f = 20kHz, DC = 50% -54 54 A TC < 125°C f = 20kHz, DC = 50% -40 150 °C – -55 150 °C – Temperatures 4.1.10 Junction Temperature 4.1.11 Storage Temperature Data Sheet Tj Tstg 6 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B General Product Characteristics Absolute Maximum Ratings (cont’d)1) Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C; all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Unit Conditions kV HBM4) Max. ESD Susceptibility 4.1.12 ESD Resistivity HBM IN, INH, SR, IS OUT, GND, VS VESD -2 -6 2 6 1) Not subject to production test, specified by design 2) VS(LD) is setup without the DUT connected to the generator per ISO7637-1; Ri is the internal resistance of the load dump test pulse generator; td is the pulse duration time for load dump pulse (pulse 5) according ISO 7637-1, -2. 3) Maximum reachable current may be smaller depending on current limitation level 4) ESD susceptibility, HBM according to EIA/JESD22-A114-B (1.5 kΩ, 100 pF) Note: Stresses above the ones listed here may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Note: Integrated protection functions are designed to prevent IC destruction under fault conditions described in the data sheet. Fault conditions are considered as “outside” normal operating range. Protection functions are not designed for continuous repetitive operation. Maximum Single Pulse Current 100 90 80 |I max | [A] 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1,0E-03 1,0E-02 1,0E-01 1,0E+00 1,0E+01 t pulse[s] Figure 4 BTN7963B Maximum Single Pulse Current (TC < 85°C) This diagram shows the maximum single pulse current that can be driven for a given pulse time tpulse. The maximum reachable current may be smaller depending on the current limitation level. Pulse time may be limited due to thermal protection of the device. Data Sheet 7 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B General Product Characteristics 4.2 Pos. Functional Range Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Max. Unit Conditions 4.2.1 Supply Voltage Range for Normal Operation VS(nor) 8 18 V – 4.2.2 Extended Supply Voltage Range for Operation VS(ext) VUV(OFF)max 28 V Parameter Deviations possible 4.2.3 Junction Temperature Tj -40 °C – 150 Note: Within the functional or operating range, the IC operates as described in the circuit description. The electrical characteristics are specified within the conditions given in the Electrical Characteristics table. 4.3 Pos. Thermal Resistance Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions 4.3.1 Thermal Resistance Junction-Case, Low Side Switch1) Rthjc(LS) = ΔTj(LS)/ Pv(LS) RthJC(LS) – 1.3 1.8 K/W – 4.3.2 Thermal Resistance Junction-Case, High Side Switch1) Rthjc(HS) = ΔTj(HS)/ Pv(HS) RthJC(HS) – 0.6 0.9 K/W – 4.3.3 Thermal Resistance Junction-Case, both Switches1) Rthjc = max[ΔTj(HS), ΔTj(LS)] / (Pv(HS) + Pv(LS)) RthJC – 0.7 1.0 K/W – 4.3.4 Thermal Resistance Junction-Ambient1) RthJA – 20 – K/W 2) 1) Not subject to production test, specified by design 2) Specified RthJA value is according to Jedec JESD51-2,-5,-7 at natural convection on FR4 2s2p board; The Product (Chip+Package) was simulated on a 76.2 x 114.3 x 1.5 mm board with 2 inner copper layers (2 x 70µm Cu, 2 x 35µm Cu). Where applicable a thermal via array under the exposed pad contacted the first inner copper layer. Data Sheet 8 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics 5 Block Description and Characteristics 5.1 Supply Characteristics VS = 8 V to 18 V, Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C, IL = 0 A, all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Max. – 2 3 Unit Conditions mA VINH = 5 V VIN = 0 V or 5 V RSR = 0 Ω General 5.1.1 IVS(on) Supply Current DC-mode normal operation (no fault condition) 5.1.2 IVS(off) Quiescent Current – 7 12 µA – – 65 µA VINH = 0 V VIN = 0 V or 5 V Tj < 85 °C VINH = 0 V VIN = 0 V or 5 V I V S (o f f ) [µA] 25 20 15 10 5 0 -40 0 40 80 120 160 T [°C] Figure 5 Data Sheet Typical Quiescent Current vs. Junction Temperature 9 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics 5.2 Power Stages The power stages of the BTN7963B consist of a p-channel vertical DMOS transistor for the high side switch and a n-channel vertical DMOS transistor for the low side switch. All protection and diagnostic functions are located in a separate top chip. Both switches can be operated up to 25 kHz, allowing active freewheeling and thus minimizing power dissipation in the forward operation of the integrated diodes. The on state resistance RON is dependent on the supply voltage VS as well as on the junction temperature Tj. The typical on state resistance characteristics are shown in Figure 6. Low Side Switch 25 25 RON(LS ) [mΩ] RON(HS) [mΩ ] High Side Switch 20 15 Tj = 150°C 10 20 15 Tj = 150°C 10 Tj = 25°C Tj = 25°C Tj = -40°C Tj = -40°C 5 5 4 8 12 16 20 24 4 28 Data Sheet 12 16 20 24 28 VS [V] VS [V] Figure 6 8 Typical ON State Resistance vs. Supply Voltage 10 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics 5.2.1 Power Stages - Static Characteristics VS = 8 V to 18 V, Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C, all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Unit Conditions mΩ IOUT = 9 A; VS = 13.5 V Tj = 25 °C; 1) Tj = 150 °C VINH = 0 V; VOUT = 0 V Tj < 85 °C; 1) VINH = 0 V; VOUT = 0 V Tj = 150 °C IOUT = -9 A Tj = -40 °C; 1) Tj = 25 °C; 1) Tj = 150 °C Max. High Side Switch - Static Characteristics 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 ON State High Side Resistance Leakage Current High Side RON(HS) IL(LKHS) Reverse Diode Forward-Voltage VDS(HS) High Side2) – – 7 10 – 12.8 – – 1 µA – – 50 µA – – – 0.9 0.8 0.6 – – 0.8 – – 9 14 – 17.7 – – 1 µA – – 10 µA V Low Side Switch - Static Characteristics 5.2.4 5.2.5 5.2.6 ON State Low Side Resistance Leakage Current Low Side RON(LS) IL(LKLS) Reverse Diode Forward-Voltage VSD(LS) Low Side2) mΩ V – – – 0.9 0.8 0.7 – – 0.9 1) Not subject to production test, specified by design 2) Due to active freewheeling, diode is conducting only for a few µs, depending on Data Sheet 11 IOUT = -9 A; VS = 13.5 V Tj = 25 °C; 1) Tj = 150 °C VINH = 0 V; VOUT = VS Tj < 85 °C; 1) VINH = 0 V; VOUT = VS Tj = 150 °C IOUT = 9 A Tj = -40 °C; 1) Tj = 25 °C; 1) Tj = 150 °C RSR Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics 5.2.2 Switching Times IN t dr(HS ) t r(HS ) t df (HS ) tf (HS ) t VOUT 90% 90% ΔVOUT ΔVOUT 10% 10% t Figure 7 Definition of switching times high side (Rload to GND) IN tdf (LS ) t f (LS ) tdr(LS ) tr(LS ) t VOUT 90% 90% ΔV OUT ΔVOUT 10% 10% t Figure 8 Definition of switching times low side (Rload to VS) Due to the timing differences for the rising and the falling edge there will be a slight difference between the length of the input pulse and the length of the output pulse. It can be calculated using the following formulas: • • ΔtHS = (tdr(HS) + 0.5 tr(HS)) - (tdf(HS) + 0.5 tf(HS)) ΔtLS = (tdf(LS) + 0.5 tf(LS)) - (tdr(LS) + 0.5 tr(LS)). Data Sheet 12 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics 5.2.3 Power Stages - Dynamic Characteristics VS = 13.5 V, Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C, Rload = 2 Ω, all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Unit Conditions Max. High Side Switch Dynamic Characteristics 5.2.7 5.2.8 5.2.9 5.2.10 5.2.11 Rise-Time of HS Slew Rate HS on1) Switch on Delay Time HS Fall-Time of HS Slew Rate HS off1) tr(HS) ΔVOUT/ tr( HS) µs 0.2 – 0.8 0.6 1 2.7 1 – 7 10.8 – 1.5 18 10.8 4 54 – 13.5 1.2 – 2 2 2.8 7.8 2.8 – 17 0.25 – 0.8 0.65 1 3.6 1.05 – 8 16.6 10.8 3 43.2 – 13.5 V/µs tdr(HS) Switch off Delay Time HS tf(HS) RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ µs -ΔVOUT/ tf(HS) 10.3 RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ V/µs tdf(HS) RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ µs 1 1.6 2.4 – 2.3 – 1.5 6 14 1) Not subject to production test, calculated value; |ΔVOUT|/ tr(HS) or |-ΔVOUT|/ tf(HS) Data Sheet RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ µs – 1.4 5.2.12 RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ 13 RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics VS = 13.5 V, Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C, Rload = 2 Ω, all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Unit Conditions Max. Low Side Switch Dynamic Characteristics 5.2.13 5.2.14 Rise-Time of LS Slew Rate LS off1) tr(LS) 5.2.16 5.2.17 Switch off Delay Time LS Fall-Time of LS Slew Rate LS on1) 0.2 – 0.8 0.55 1 3 0.9 – 7 12 – 1.5 19.6 10.8 3.6 54 – 13.5 0.3 – 0.8 0.8 1.2 3.6 1.3 – 7 0.2 – 0.8 0.55 1 3 0.9 – 8 19.6 10.8 3.6 54 – 13.5 ΔVOUT/ tr(LS) 5.2.15 µs V/µs tdr(LS) Switch on Delay Time LS tf(LS) RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ µs -ΔVOUT/ tf(LS) 12 RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ V/µs tdf(LS) RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ µs 1.8 2.7 3.6 – 3.8 – 3 11 20 1) Not subject to production test, calculated value; |ΔVOUT|/ tr(LS) or |-ΔVOUT|/ tf(LS) Data Sheet RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ µs – 1.4 5.2.18 RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ 14 RSR = 0 Ω RSR = 5.1 kΩ RSR = 51 kΩ Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics 5.3 Protection Functions The device provides integrated protection functions. These are designed to prevent IC destruction under fault conditions described in the data sheet. Fault conditions are considered as “outside” normal operating range. Protection functions are not to be used for continuous or repetitive operation, with the exception of the current limitation (Chapter 5.3.4). In case of overtemperature the BTN7963B will apply the slew rate determined by the connected slew rate resistor. In all other fault conditions the highest slew rate possible will be applied independent of the connected slew rate resistor. Overvoltage, overtemperature and overcurrent are indicated by a fault current IIS(LIM) at the IS pin as described in the paragraph “Status Flag Diagnosis With Current Sense Capability” on Page 19 and Figure 12. In the following the protection functions are listed in order of their priority. 5.3.1 Overvoltage mode (Smart Clamping) If the supply voltage is exceeding the over voltage level VOVM(ON) the device enters the overvoltage mode. The IC operates in normal mode again with a hysteresis VOVM(HY) if the supply voltage decreases below the Overvoltage Mode OFF voltage level VOVM(off). In case of overvoltage the device shuts the lowside MOSFET off and a fault current IIS(LIM) is provided at the IS pin. The highside MOSFET is still operational and follows the inputs IN and INH. Current Limitation and Overtemperature Protection are still active for the highside switch, and can independently switch off the highside MOSFET, if it was on before. If the highside MOSFET is off, an implemented voltage clamp mechanism keeps the voltage drop -VDS(HS) over the highside at a certain level -VDS(HS)_CL. 5.3.2 Undervoltage Shut Down To avoid uncontrolled motion of the driven motor at low voltages the device shuts off (output is tri-state), if the supply voltage drops below the switch-off voltage VUV(OFF). The IC becomes active again with a hysteresis VUV(HY) if the supply voltage rises above the switch-on voltage VUV(ON). Note: With decreasing Vs < VUV(OFF)max, activation of the Current Limitation mode may occur before Undervoltage Shut Down with ambient temperatures less than 25°C. See Table “Switch-OFF Voltage” on Page 18. 5.3.3 Overtemperature Protection The BTN7963B is protected against overtemperature by an integrated temperature sensor. Overtemperature leads to a shut down of both output stages. This state is latched until the device is reset by a low signal with a minimum length of treset at the INH pin, provided that its temperature has decreased at least the thermal hysteresis ΔT in the meantime. Repetitive use of the overtemperature protection impacts lifetime. 5.3.4 Current Limitation The current in the bridge is measured in both switches. As soon as the current in forward direction in one switch (high side or low side) is reaching the limit ICLx, this switch is deactivated and the other switch is activated for tCLS. During that time all changes at the IN pin are ignored. However, the INH pin can still be used to switch both MOSFETs off. After tCLS the switches return to their initial setting. The error signal at the IS pin is reset after 2 * tCLS. Unintentional triggering of the current limitation by short current spikes (e.g. inflicted by EMI coming from the motor) is suppressed by internal filter circuitry. Due to thresholds and reaction delay times of the filter circuitry the effective current limitation level ICLx depends on the slew rate of the load current dI/dt as shown in Figure 10. Data Sheet 15 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics IL tCLS ICLx ICLx 0 t Figure 9 Timing Diagram Current Limitation (Inductive Load) High Side Switch Low Side Switch 80 80 Tj = -40°C 75 Tj = 25°C I C L L [A] I C L H [A] 75 70 Tj = 150°C 65 60 70 65 60 ICLH0 55 55 50 50 45 45 40 40 ICLL0 Tj = 25°C Tj = -40°C Tj = 150°C 35 35 0 500 1000 1500 0 2000 500 dIL/dt [A/ms] Figure 10 Data Sheet 1000 1500 2000 dIL/dt [A/ms] Typical Current Limitation Level vs. Current Slew Rate dI/dt 16 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics Low Side Switch High Side Switch 70 I C L L [ A] I C L H [ A] 70 Tj = -40°C 65 Tj = 25°C Tj = 150°C 65 60 60 55 55 50 50 Tj = -40°C Tj = 25°C Tj = 150°C 45 45 40 40 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 4 20 6 8 10 14 16 18 20 VS [V] VS [V] Figure 11 12 Typical Current Limitation Detection Levels vs. Supply Voltage In combination with a typical inductive load, such as a motor, this results in a switched mode current limitation. This method of limiting the current has the advantage of greatly reduced power dissipation in the BTN7963B compared to driving the MOSFET in linear mode. Therefore it is possible to use the current limitation for a short time without exceeding the maximum allowed junction temperature (e.g. for limiting the inrush current during motor start up). However, the regular use of the current limitation is allowed as long as the specified maximum junction temperature is not exceeded. Exceeding this temperature can reduce the lifetime of the device. 5.3.5 Short Circuit Protection The device is short circuit protected against • • • output short circuit to ground output short circuit to supply voltage short circuit of load The short circuit protection is realized by the previously described current limitation in combination with the overtemperature shut down of the device. Data Sheet 17 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics 5.3.6 Electrical Characteristics - Protection Functions VS = 8 V to 18 V, Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C, all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Conditions VS increasing VS decreasing, Min. Typ. Max. – – 5.5 V 3.0 – 4.5 V Under Voltage Shut Down 5.3.1 5.3.2 Switch-ON Voltage Switch-OFF Voltage 1) VUV(ON) VUV(OFF) IN = 1, INH = 1 5.3.3 ON/OFF hysteresis VUV(HY) 3.0 – 5.5 V VS decreasing, IN = 0, INH = 1 – 0.2 – V 2) 27.8 – – V – 30 V VS decreasing VS increasing 0.2 – V 2) – – V ID(HS) = -1 mA, HSS off, Over Voltage Mode 5.3.4 Over voltage Mode OFF Voltage VOVM(OFF) 5.3.5 Over voltage Mode ON Voltage 5.3.6 ON/OFF hysteresis 5.3.7 Drain Source Clamp Voltage High Side Switch VOVM(ON) 28 VOVM(HY) – -VDS(HS)_CL 30 2) Current Limitation 5.3.8 Current Limitation Detection level ICLH0 High Side 45 62 80 A VS = 13.5 V 5.3.9 Current Limitation Detection level ICLL0 Low Side 33 47 60 A VS = 13.5 V tCLS 70 115 210 µs VS = 13.5 V; 2) Current Limitation Timing 5.3.10 Shut OFF Time for HS and LS Thermal Shut Down 5.3.11 Thermal Shut Down Junction Temperature TjSD 155 175 200 °C – 5.3.12 Thermal Switch ON Junction Temperature TjSO 150 – 190 °C – 5.3.13 Thermal Hysteresis ΔT – 7 – K 2) 5.3.14 Reset Pulse at INH Pin (INH low) treset 4 – – µs 2) 1) With decreasing Vs < VUV(OFF)max, activation of the Current Limitation mode may occur before Undervoltage Shut Down with ambient temperatures less than 25°C. 2) Not subject to production test, specified by design Data Sheet 18 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics 5.4 Control and Diagnostics 5.4.1 Input Circuit The control inputs IN and INH consist of TTL/CMOS compatible schmitt triggers with hysteresis which control the integrated gate drivers for the MOSFETs. Setting the INH pin to high enables the device. In this condition one of the two power switches is switched on depending on the status of the IN pin. To deactivate both switches, the INH pin has to be set to low. No external driver is needed. The BTN7963B can be interfaced directly to a microcontroller, as long as the maximum ratings in Chapter 4.1 are not exceeded. 5.4.2 Dead Time Generation In bridge applications it has to be assured that the highside and lowside MOSFET are not conducting at the same time, connecting directly the battery voltage to GND. This is assured by a circuit in the driver IC, generating a so called dead time between switching off one MOSFET and switching on the other. The dead time generated in the driver IC is automatically adjusted to the selected slew rate. 5.4.3 Adjustable Slew Rate In order to optimize electromagnetic emission, the switching speed of the MOSFETs is adjustable by an external resistor. The slew rate pin SR allows the user to optimize the balance between emission and power dissipation within his own application by connecting an external resistor RSR to GND. 5.4.4 Status Flag Diagnosis With Current Sense Capability The status pin IS is used as a combined current sense and error flag output. In normal operation (current sense mode), a current source is connected to the status pin, which delivers a current proportional to the forward load current flowing through the active high side switch. If the high side switch is inactive or the current is flowing in the reverse direction no current will be driven except for a marginal leakage current IIS(LK). The external resistor RIS determines the voltage per output current. E.g. with the nominal value of 8.5k for the current sense ratio kILIS = IL / IIS, a resistor value of RIS = 1 kΩ leads to VIS = (IL / 8.5 A)V. In case of a fault condition the status output is connected to a current source which is independent of the load current and provides IIS(lim). The maximum voltage at the IS pin is determined by the choice of the external resistor and the supply voltage. In case of current limitation the IIS(lim) is activated for 2 * tCLS. Normal operation: current sense mode Fault condition: error flag mode VS VS ESD-ZD IIS~ ILoad IIS(lim) Figure 12 Data Sheet ESD-ZD IS Sense output logic IIS~ ILoad RIS VIS IIS(lim) Sense output logic IS R IS V IS Sense Current and Fault Current 19 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics IIS [mA] IIS(lim) er low i kil hi e alu v s u val lis r ki ghe e Current Sense Mode (High Side) Error Flag Mode ICLx Figure 13 Sense Current vs. Load Current 5.4.5 Truth Table Device State Inputs Outputs [A] Mode INH IN HSS 0 X OFF OFF 0 Stand-by mode 1 0 OFF ON 0 LSS active 1 1 ON OFF CS HSS active 0 X OFF (CL) OFF 1 HSS possible Smart Clamping; error detected 1 0 OFF (CL) OFF 1 Shut-down of LSS, HSS possible Smart Clamping, error detected 1 1 ON OFF 1 HSS active (OC and OT still valid), LSS off, error detected Under-Voltage (UV) X X OFF OFF 0 UV lockout Overtemperature (OT) or Short Circuit of HSS or LSS 0 X OFF OFF 0 Stand-by mode, reset of latch 1 X OFF OFF 1 Shut-down with latch, error detected Current Limitation Mode/ Overcurrent (OC) 1 1 OFF ON 1 Switched mode, error detected1) 1 0 ON OFF 1 Switched mode, error detected1) Normal Operation Over-Voltage Mode (OVM) 1) Will return to normal operation after LSS IL IS tCLS; Error signal is reset after 2*tCLS (see Chapter 5.3.4) Inputs Switches 0 = Logic LOW OFF = switched off CS = Current sense mode 1 = Logic HIGH ON = switched on 1 = Logic HIGH (error) X = 0 or 1 CL = Smart Clamping Data Sheet Status Flag IS 20 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Block Description and Characteristics 5.4.6 Electrical Characteristics - Control and Diagnostics VS = 8 V to 18 V, Tj = -40 °C to +150 °C, all voltages with respect to ground, positive current flowing into pin (unless otherwise specified) Pos. Parameter Symbol Limit Values Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions Control Inputs (IN and INH) 5.4.1 High level Voltage INH, IN VINH(H) VIN(H) – – 1.75 1.6 2.15 2 V – 5.4.2 Low level Voltage INH, IN VINH(L) VIN(L) 1.1 1.4 – V – 5.4.3 Input Voltage hysteresis VINHHY VINHY – – 350 200 – – mV 1) 5.4.4 Input Current high level – 30 150 µA VIN = VINH = 5.3 V 5.4.5 Input Current low level IINH(H) IIN(H) IINH(L) IIN(L) – 25 125 µA VIN = VINH = 0.4 V 103 RIS = 1 kΩ IL = 30 A IL = 15 A IL = 5 A VS = 13.5 V RIS = 1kΩ VIN = 0 V or VINH = 0 V VIN = VINH = 5 V IL = 0 A Current Sense 5.4.6 Current Sense ratio in static oncondition kILIS = IL / IIS kILIS 6 5.5 5 8.5 8.5 8.5 11 11.5 12.5 4 5 6.5 mA 5.4.7 Maximum analog Sense Current, IIS(lim) Sense Current in fault Condition 5.4.8 Isense Leakage current IISL – – 1 µA 5.4.9 Isense Leakage current, active high side switch IISH – 1 80 µA 1) Not subject to production test, specified by design Data Sheet 21 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Application Information 6 Application Information Note: The following information is given as a hint for the implementation of the device only and shall not be regarded as a description or warranty of a certain functionality, condition or quality of the device. 6.1 Application Example Microcontroller XC866 Voltage Regulator I/O WO Reset Vdd RO Q D CQ 22µF I/O I/O I/O RIN1 RINH1 10kΩ 10kΩ I/O TLE 4278G I DZ 1 10V CS 470µF GND CD 47nF Vss BTN7963B INH VS OUT CSc1 470nF CSc2 470nF M VS RSR1 0..51kΩ e.g. IPD80P03P4L -07 R1 10kΩ RINH2 10kΩ RIN2 10kΩ INH IN OUT IS SR SR RIS12 470Ω VS BTN7963B IN IS Reverse Polarity Protection GND GND RSR2 0..51kΩ High Current H-Bridge Figure 14 Application Example: H-Bridge with two BTN7963B Note: This is a simplified example of an application circuit. The function must be verified in the real application. 6.2 Layout Considerations Due to the fast switching times for high currents, special care has to be taken to the PCB layout. Stray inductances have to be minimized in the power bridge design as it is necessary in all switched high power bridges. The BTN7963B has no separate pin for power ground and logic ground. Therefore it is recommended to assure that the offset between the ground connection of the slew rate resistor, the current sense resistor and ground pin of the device (GND / pin 1) is minimized. If the BTN7963B is used in a H-bridge or B6 bridge design, the voltage offset between the GND pins of the different devices should be small as well. A ceramic capacitor from VS to GND close to each device is recommended to provide current for the switching phase via a low inductance path and therefore reducing noise and ground bounce. A reasonable value for this capacitor would be about 470 nF. The digital inputs need to be protected from excess currents (e.g. caused by induced voltage spikes) by series resistors in the range of 10 kΩ. Data Sheet 22 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Application Information 6.3 Half-bridge Configuration Considerations If the BTN7963B is used in a half-bridge configuration with the load connected between OUT and VS and the supply voltage is exceeding the Overvoltage Mode ON level VOVM(ON), the implemented “Overvoltage mode (Smart Clamping)” feature leads to automatically turning off the low side switch. If the load is connected between OUT and GND and the supply voltage is exceeding the Overvoltage Mode ON level VOVM(ON) while the high side switch is turned off and low side MOSFET is on, the low side MOSFET will be turned off. If the voltage drop over the high side switch exceeds the high side clamp voltage -VDS(HS)_CL a current can flow through the high side switch and the load to GND. It shall be insured that the power dissipated in the NovalithIC™ does not exceed the maximum ratings. Microcontroller XC866 Voltage Regulator I/O WO Reset Vdd RO Q D CQ 22µF I/O I/O RIN 10kΩ I/O RINH 10kΩ Vss TLE 4278G Reverse Polarity Protection I DZ 1 10V CS 470µF GND CD 47nF R1 10kΩ VS e.g. IPD80P03P4L -07 BTN7963B INH VS IN IS OUT CSc 470nF M SR RIS 1kΩ RSR 0..51kΩ GND High Current Half-Bridge Figure 15 Application Example: Half-Bridge with a BTN7963B (Load to GND) Note: This is a simplified example of an application circuit. The function must be verified in the real application. Data Sheet 23 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Package Outlines 7 Package Outlines 4.4 10 ±0.2 1.27 ±0.1 0...0.3 B 0.05 2.4 0.1 4.7 ±0.5 2.7 ±0.3 7.551) 1±0.3 9.25 ±0.2 (15) A 8.5 1) 0...0.15 7 x 0.6 ±0.1 6 x 1.27 0.5 ±0.1 0.25 M A B 8˚ MAX. 1) Typical Metal surface min. X = 7.25, Y = 6.9 All metal surfaces tin plated, except area of cut. 0.1 B GPT09114 Footprint 4.6 16.15 9.4 10.8 0.47 0.8 8.42 Figure 16 PG-TO263-7-1 (Plastic Green Transistor Single Outline Package) Green Product (RoHS compliant) To meet the world-wide customer requirements for environmentally friendly products and to be compliant with government regulations the device is available as a green product. Green products are RoHS-Compliant (i.e Pb-free finish on leads and suitable for Pb-free soldering according to IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020). For further information on alternative packages, please visit our website: http://www.infineon.com/packages. Data Sheet 24 Dimensions in mm Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 High Current PN Half Bridge BTN7963B Revision History 8 Revision History Revision Date Changes 1.0 2009-09-09 Initial version Data Sheet Data Sheet 25 Rev. 1.0, 2009-09-09 Edition 2009-09-09 Published by Infineon Technologies AG 81726 Munich, Germany © 2009 Infineon Technologies AG All Rights Reserved. Legal Disclaimer The information given in this document shall in no event be regarded as a guarantee of conditions or characteristics. With respect to any examples or hints given herein, any typical values stated herein and/or any information regarding the application of the device, Infineon Technologies hereby disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of any kind, including without limitation, warranties of non-infringement of intellectual property rights of any third party. Information For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office (www.infineon.com). Warnings Due to technical requirements, components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office. Infineon Technologies components may be used in life-support devices or systems only with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered.