ACST8 Overvoltage protected AC switch Features OUT ■ Triac with overvoltage protection ■ High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 2000 V/µs ■ TO-220FPAB insulated package: 1500 V rms G OUT COM Benefits ■ Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5 ■ High off-state reliability with planar technology ■ Needs no external overvoltage protection ■ Reduces the power passive component count ■ High immunity against fast transients described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards TO-220AB ACST830-8T ■ TO-220FPAB ACST830-8FP OUT G COM D²PAK ACST830-8G Applications ■ G OUT COM AC mains static switching in appliance and industrial control systems Figure 1. Functional diagram Drive of medium power AC loads such as: – Universal motor of washing machine drum – Compressor for fridge or air conditioner OUT Description The ACST8 series belongs to the ACS™/ ACST power switch family built around A.S.D.® (application specific discrete) technology. This high performance device is suited to home appliances or industrial systems and drives an induction motor up to 8 A. This ACST8 device embeds a Triac structure with a high voltage clamping device to absorb the inductive turn off energy and withstand line transients such as those described in the IEC 61000-4-5 standards. ACST8 shows a high noise immunity complying with IEC standards such as IEC 61000-4-4 (fast transient burst test). December 2009 G COM Table 1. Device summary Symbol Value Unit IT(RMS) 8 A VDRM/VRRM 800 V IGT 30 mA TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics. ®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 1/13 www.st.com 13 Characteristics ACST8 1 Characteristics Table 2. Absolute ratings (limiting values) Symbol Parameter Value Unit 8 A TO-220FPAB Tcase = 91 °C TO-220AB / D2PAK Tcase = 105 °C D2PAK with 1 cm2 Cu Tamb = 43 °C 2 A F = 50 Hz tp = 20 ms 80 A F = 60 Hz tp = 16.7 ms 84 A Thermal constraint for fuse selection tp = 10 ms 42 A2s Non repetitive on-state current critical rate of rise IG = 10 mA (tr < 100 ns) Rate period > 1 mn 100 A/µs VPP (1) Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage Tj = 25 °C 2 kV PG(AV) Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W PGM Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 ms) Tj = 125 °C 10 W IGM Peak gate current (tp = 20 ms) Tj = 125 °C 1.6 A Tstg Storage temperature range - 40 to + 150 °C Tj Operating junction temperature range - 40 to + 125 °C Tl Maximum lead soldering temperature during 10 s 260 °C 1500 V IT(RMS) On-state rms current (full sine wave) Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25 °C, full cycle sine wave ITSM I 2t dI/dt VINS(RMS) Insulation rms voltage TO-220FPAB 1. According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 18. Table 3. Electrical characteristics per switch Symbol Test conditions Quadrant Tj Unit IGT(1) VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C Max 30 mA VGT VOUT = 12V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C Max 1.0 V VGD VOUT = VDRM, RL = 3.3 kΩ I - II - III 125 °C Min 0.2 V 25 °C Max 30 mA 25 °C Max 50 mA VOUT = 67% VDRM, gate open 125 °C Min 2000 V/µs Without snubber 125 °C Min 8 A/ms ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms 25 °C Min 850 V IH (2) IOUT = 500 mA IL dV/dt IG = 1.2 x IGT (2) (2) (dI/dt)c VCL I - II - III 1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of IGT(Max) 2. For either positive or negative polarity of OUT pin with reference to COM pin 2/13 Value Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 ACST8 Characteristics Table 4. Static characteristics Symbol Test conditions Value Unit VTM ITM = 11.3 A tp = 500 µs Tj = 25 °C Max 1.5 V VTO Threshold voltage Tj = 125 °C Max 0.9 V RD Dynamic resistance Tj = 125 °C Max 50 mΩ IDRM IRRM 20 µA VOUT = VDRM / VRRM 1 mA Tj = 25 °C Table 5. Max Tj = 125 °C Thermal resistances Symbol Parameter Value Junction to ambient TO-220FPAB TO-220AB 60 Junction to ambient (soldered on 1 cm2 copper pad) D2PAK 45 TO-220FPAB 3.6 Rth(j-a) Rth(j-c) Junction to case (AC) Figure 2. TO-220AB, D2PAK Maximum power dissipation versus Figure 3. on-state rms current P(W) °C/W 2 On-state rms current versus case temperature (full cycle) IT(RMS)(A) 10 9 α=180 ° 9 Unit α=180° TO-220AB D2PACK 8 8 TO-220FPAB 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 180° TC(°C) 1 IT(RMS)(A) 1 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 25 50 75 100 125 3/13 Characteristics Figure 4. ACST8 On-state rms current versus ambient temperature (free air convection, fulle cycle) Figure 5. Relative variation of thermal impedance versus pulse duration K=[Zth/Rth] IT(RMS)(A) 1.0E+00 3.0 TO-220AB α=180° Zth(j-c) Zth(j-a) D2PAK Copper surface = 1cm2 2.5 TO-220FPAB 2.0 TO-220 1.0E-01 1.5 1.0 TO-220AB TO-220FPAB 0.5 Tamb(°C) tp(s) 0.0 0 25 Figure 6. 50 75 100 125 Relative variation of gate trigger current (IGT) and voltage (VGT) versus junction temperature 1.0E-02 1.0E-03 Figure 7. 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03 Relative variation of holding current (IH) and latching current (IL) versus junction temperature IH, IL [T j] / IH, IL [T j=25 °C] IGT, VGT[T j] / IGT, VGT[T j=25 °C] 3.0 1.0E-02 2.5 IGT Q3 Typical values 2.5 2.0 IGT Q1-Q2 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 VGT Q1-Q2-Q3 IL 0.5 0.5 0.0 -50 -25 Figure 8. 90 IH Tj(°C) Tj(°C) 0.0 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 Surge peak on-state current versus Figure 9. number of cycles 0 25 50 75 100 125 Non repetitive surge peak on-state current and corresponding value of I2t versus sinusoidal pulse width ITSM(A), I²t (A²s) ITSM(A) 1000 Tj initial=25 °C 80 t=20ms 70 One cycle Non repetitive Tj initial=25 °C 60 ITSM dI/dt limitation: 100 A/µs 100 50 40 I²t 30 10 Repetitive TC=105 °C 20 sinusoidal pulse with width tP < 10 ms 10 Number of cycles 0 1 4/13 10 100 1000 1 0.01 Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 tP(ms) 0.10 1.00 10.00 ACST8 Characteristics Figure 10. On-state characteristics (maximum Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of values) decrease of main current (dI/dt)c versus junction temperature ITM (A) (dI/dt)c[Tj] / (dI/dt)c[Tj=125°C] 100 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 10 Tj=125 °C Tj max : Vto = 0.90 V Rd = 50 mΩ VTM (V) Tj=25 °C 1 0 1 2 3 4 25 5 Figure 12. Relative variation of static dV/dt immunity versus junction temperature (gate open) dV/dt[Tj] / dV/dt[Tj=125°C] Tj(°C) 50 125 IDRM/IRRM [Tj;V DRM/ VRRM]/IDRM/IRRM [Tj=125°C; 8 00V] VD=VR=530 V 10 100 Figure 13. Relative variation of leakage current versus junction temperature 1.0E+00 11 75 VDRM=VRRM=800 V Different blocking voltages 9 8 VDRM=VRRM=600 V 1.0E-01 7 6 5 4 VDRM=VRRM=200 V 1.0E-02 3 2 Tj(°C) 1 Tj(°C) 1.0E-03 0 25 50 75 100 25 125 Figure 14. Relative variation of clamping voltage (VCL) versus junction temperature (minimum values) 50 75 100 125 Figure 15. Thermal resistance junction to ambient versus copper surface under tab VCL [Tjj/VCL[Tj=25°C] 80 1.15 Rth(j-a) (°C/W) D²PAK Printed circuit board FR4, copper thickness = 35 µm 70 1.10 60 1.05 50 1.00 40 30 0.95 20 0.90 10 Tj (°C) SCU(cm²) 0.85 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 0 Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 5/13 Application information ACST8 2 Application information 2.1 Typical application description The ACST8 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACST8 switch is able to drive an inductive load up to 8 A with no turn off additional snubber. It also provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as high torque operating conditions or inrush current of an AC motor. Figure 16. AC induction motor control – typical diagram AC Motor AC induction motor AC Mains C ACST Phase shift capacitor + protective air inductance ACST Rg Vcc MCU 6/13 L Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 Rg Selection of the rotor direction ACST8 2.2 Application information AC line transient voltage ruggedness In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST8 is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter VCL. The ACST8 switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes, such as inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching to the on state (for less than 10 ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works even with high turn-on current ramp up. The test circuit of Figure 17 represents the ACST8 application, and is used to stress the ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. The ACST8 folds back safely to the on state as shown in Figure 18. The ACST8 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero current crossing. Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Figure 17. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for IEC 61000-4-5 standards R = 13 Ω, L = 2 µH, Vsurge = 2 kV Rg = 82 Ω Surge generator 2kV surge Rgene Model of the load Filtering unit R L ACST8 AC Mains Rg Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 7/13 Ordering information scheme ACST8 Figure 18. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACST8 during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test Vpeak = VCL 1.2/50 µs voltage surge V 0 Ipeak = 160 A I 8/20 µs current surge 0 dI/dt = 180 A/µs 3 Ordering information scheme Figure 19. Ordering information scheme ACS T 8 30 - 8 AC switch Topology T = Triac On-state rms current 8=8A Triggering gate current 30 = 30 mA Repetitive peak off-state voltage 8 = 800 V Package FP = TO-220FPAB T = TO-220AB G = D2PAK Delivery mode TR = Tape and reel Blank = Tube 8/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 FP TR ACST8 4 Package information Package information ● Epoxy meets UL94, V0 ● Recommended torque: 0.4 to 0.6 N·m In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK® is an ST trademark. Table 6. TO-220AB dimensions Dimensions Ref. Dia Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 C 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051 D 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107 E 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027 F 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034 F1 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 F2 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 G 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.202 G1 2.40 2.70 0.094 0.106 H2 10 10.40 0.393 0.409 C L5 L7 L6 L2 F2 D L9 L4 L2 F M G1 Inches A H2 F1 Millimeters 16.4 typ. 0.645 typ. L4 13 14 0.511 0.551 L5 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116 L6 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620 L7 6.20 6.60 0.244 0.259 L9 3.50 3.93 0.137 0.154 E G M Diam. Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 2.6 typ. 3.75 3.85 0.102 typ. 0.147 0.151 9/13 Package information Table 7. ACST8 TO-220FPAB dimensions Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Inches Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.4 4.6 0.173 0.181 B 2.5 2.7 0.098 0.106 D 2.5 2.75 0.098 0.108 E 0.45 0.70 0.018 0.027 F 0.75 1 0.030 0.039 F1 1.15 1.70 0.045 0.067 F2 1.15 1.70 0.045 0.067 G 4.95 5.20 0.195 0.205 G1 2.4 2.7 0.094 0.106 H 10 10.4 0.393 0.409 A B H Dia L6 L2 L7 L3 L5 F1 L4 D F2 F L2 E G1 G 10/13 Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 16 Typ. 0.63 Typ. L3 28.6 30.6 1.126 1.205 L4 9.8 10.6 0.386 0.417 L5 2.9 3.6 0.114 0.142 L6 15.9 16.4 0.626 0.646 L7 9.00 9.30 0.354 0.366 Diam. 3.00 3.20 0.118 0.126 ACST8 Package information Table 8. D2PAK dimensions Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Inches Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 A1 2.49 2.69 0.098 0.106 A2 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009 B 0.70 0.93 0.027 0.037 B2 1.14 1.70 0.045 0.067 C 0.45 0.60 0.017 0.024 C2 1.23 1.36 0.048 0.054 D 8.95 9.35 0.352 0.368 E 10.00 10.40 0.393 0.409 G 4.88 5.28 0.192 0.208 L 15.00 15.85 0.590 0.624 L2 1.27 1.40 0.050 0.055 L3 1.40 1.75 0.055 0.069 M 2.40 3.20 0.094 0.126 A E C2 L2 D L L3 A1 B2 R C B G A2 M * V2 * FLAT ZONE NO LESS THAN 2mm R V2 0.40 typ. 0° 0.016 typ. 8° 0° 8° Figure 20. Footprint (dimensions in mm) 16.90 10.30 5.08 1.30 8.90 Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 3.70 11/13 Ordering information 5 ACST8 Ordering information Table 9. Ordering information Order code Marking ACST830-8FP ACST830-8T ACST8308 Package Weight Base qty Packing mode TO-220FPAB 2.4 g 50 Tube TO-220AB 2.3 g 50 Tube D2PAK 1.5 g 500 Tape and reel ACST830-8GTR 6 Revision history Table 10. 12/13 Document revision history Date Revision Changes Jan-2002 4B 08-Nov-2004 5 TO-220AB and D2PAK packages added. 24-Nov-2004 6 Table 6 page 3: IGT parameter added 18-Dec-2009 7 Added ECOPACK statement. Reformatted for consistency with other datasheets in this product class. Order codes updated. Last update. Doc ID 7463 Rev 7 ACST8 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale. 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