TD350 Advanced IGBT/MOSFET driver Features ■ 1.5 A source/2.3 A sink typ gate drive ■ Active Miller clamp feature ■ Two steps turn-off with adjustable level and delay ■ Desaturation detection ■ Fault status output ■ Negative gate drive ability ■ Input compatible with pulse transformer or optocoupler ■ Separate sink and source outputs for easy gate drive ■ UVLO protection ■ 2 kV ESD protection (HBM) Description Innovative active Miller clamp function avoids the need of negative gate drive in most applications and allows the use of a simple bootstrap supply for the high side driver Applications ■ 1200 V 3-phase inverter ■ Motor control ■ UPS systems TD350 is an advanced gate driver for IGBT and power MOSFET. Control and protection functions are included and allow the design of high reliability systems. TD350 includes a two-level turn-off feature with adjustable level and delay. This function protects against excessive overvoltage at turn-off in case of overcurrent or short-circuit condition. Same delay is applied at turn-on to prevent pulse width distortion. TD350 also includes an IGBT desaturation protection and a FAULT status output. TD350 is compatible with both pulse transformer and optocoupler signals. Table 1. Device summary Order codes Temperature range Package -40, +125°C SO-14 TD350ID Tube TD350IDT April 2010 Packaging Tape and reel Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 1/17 www.st.com 17 Contents TD350 Contents 1 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Pin connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Absolute maximum ratings 4 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 .................................. 5 5.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.2 Voltage reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.3 Desaturation protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.4 Active Miller clamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.5 Two level turn-off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.6 Minimum ON time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5.7 Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5.8 Fault status output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5.9 Undervoltage protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 6 Timing diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 7 Typical performance curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 8 Application diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 9 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 10 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2/17 Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 TD350 Block diagram Figure 1. Schematic block diagram Vref UVLO IN Pulse Transformer Vref VREF Vref Optionnal FAULT NC Vref COFF Off delay NC VH LVOFF 16V VH Block VH DESAT Desat OUTH Control 1 Block diagram VL OUTL CLAMP -10V GND Off Level TD350 Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 3/17 Pin connections 2 TD350 Pin connections Figure 2. Pin connections (top view) IN 1 14 DESAT VREF 2 13 VH FAULT 3 12 OUTH NC 4 11 OUTL COFF 5 10 VL NC 6 9 CLAMP 7 8 GND LVOFF Table 2. 4/17 TD350 Pin description Name Pin number Type IN 1 Analog input VREF 2 Analog output +5V reference voltage FAULT 3 Digital output Fault status output NC 4 Not connected COFF 5 Timing capacitor NC 6 Not connected LVOFF 7 Analog input Turn off level GND 8 Power supply Signal ground CLAMP 9 Analog output Miller clamp VL 10 Power supply Negative supply OUTL 11 Analog output Gate drive output (sink) OUTH 12 Analog output Gate drive output (source) VH 13 Power supply Positive supply DESAT 14 Analog input Desaturation protection Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 Function Input Turn off delay TD350 Absolute maximum ratings 3 Absolute maximum ratings Table 3. Key parameters and their absolute maximum ratings Symbol Parameter Value Unit VHL Maximum supply voltage (VH - VL) 28 V VH Maximum VH voltage vs. GND 28 V VL Minimum VL voltage vs. GND -12 V Vout Voltage on OUTH, OUTL, CLAMP pins VL-0.3 to VH+0.3 V Vdes Voltage on DESAT, FAULT, LVOFF pin -0.3 to VH+0.3 V Vother Voltage on other pins (IN, COFF, VREF) -0.3 to 7 V 500 mW -55 to 150 °C Maximum junction temperature 150 °C Rthja Thermal resistance junction-ambient 125 °C/W Rthjc Thermal resistance junction-case 22 °C/W ESD Electrostatic discharge (HBM) 2 kV Value Unit Pd Power dissipation Tstg Storage temperature Tj Table 4. Symbol Operating conditions Parameter VH Positive supply voltage vs. GND UVLO to 26 V VL Negative supply voltage vs. GND 0 to -10 V 26 V -40 to 125 °C VH-VL Toper Maximum total supply voltage Operating free air temperature range Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 5/17 Electrical characteristics 4 TD350 Electrical characteristics TA = -20 to 125 °C, VH=16 V, VL=-10 V (unless otherwise specified) Table 5. Electrical characteristics Symbol Parameter Test condition Min Typ 0.8 1.0 Max Unit Input Vton IN turn-on threshold voltage Vtoff IN turn-off threshold voltage tonmin Iinp Minimum pulse width 100 V 4.0 4.2 V 135 220 ns 1 μA 5.15 5.22 V V IN input current Voltage reference (1) Vref Voltage reference Iref Maximum output current T=25°C Tmin<T<Tmax 4.85 4.77 5.00 10 mA Desaturation protection Vdes Desaturation threshold Ides Source current 6.5 7.2 7.9 V μA 250 Fault output tfault Delay for fault detection VFL FAULT low voltage IFLsink=10mA 500 ns 1 V Clamp Vtclamp VCL CLAMP pin voltage threshold Clamp low voltage 2.0 T=25°C; ICLsink=500mA Tmin<T<Tmax; ICLsink=500mA V VL+2.5 VL+3.0 V V 2.65 V 500 Ω 120 200 μA -0.15 0 V VL+0.35 V VL+1.0 VL+1.5 V V Off delay Vtdel Voltage threshold 2.35 Rdel Discharge resistor I=1mA Iblvoff LVOFF peak input current (sink) LVOFF=12V Violv Offset voltage LVOFF=12V 2.50 Off levels -0.3 Outputs VOL1 Output low voltage at Iosink=20mA VOL2 Output low voltage at Iosink=200mA 6/17 T=25°C Tmin<T<Tmax Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 TD350 Table 5. Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics (continued) Symbol Parameter VOL3 Output low voltage at Iosink=500mA T=25°C Tmin<T<Tmax VOH1 Output high voltage 1 Iosource=20mA VH-2.5 V VOH2 Output high voltage 2 Iosource=200mA VH-3.0 V VOH3 Output high voltage 3 Iosource=500mA VH-4.0 V tr Rise time CL=1nF, 10% to 90% VL=0 VL=-10V 130 175 ns ns tf Fall time (2) CL=1nF, 90% to 10% VL=0 VL=-10V 75 90 ns ns 600 ns 650 ns 570 ns 620 ns tpd_on tpd_off Δtw Test condition Min Typ 500 Max Unit VL+2.5 VL+3.0 V V 10% output change; T=25°C 400 10% output change; Tmin<T<Tmax 350 10% output change; T=25°C 350 10% output change; Tmin<T<Tmax 300 10% output change 25 50 120 ns Turn-on propagation delay 450 Turn-off propagation delay Input to output pulse distortion Under voltage lockout (UVLO) UVLOH UVLO top threshold 10 11 12 V UVLOL UVLO bottom threshold 9 10 11 V 0.5 1 Vhyst UVLO hysteresis UVLOH-UVLOL V Supply current Iin Quiescent current Output=0V, no load 5 mA 1. Recommended capacitor range on VREF pin is 10 nF to 100 nF. 2. 2 step turn-off disabled Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 7/17 Functional description TD350 5 Functional description 5.1 Input The input is compatible with optocouplers or pulse transformers. The input is triggered by the signal edge and allows the use of low-sized, low-cost pulse transformer. Input is active low (output is high when input is low) to ease the use of optocoupler. When driven by a pulse transformer, the input pulse (positive and negative) width must be larger than the minimum pulse width tonmin. 5.2 Voltage reference A voltage reference is used to create accurate timing for the two-level turn-off with external resistor and capacitor. 5.3 Desaturation protection Desaturation protection ensures the protection of the IGBT in the event of overcurrent. When the DESAT voltage goes higher that 7 V, the output is driven low (with 2-level turn-off if applicable). The FAULT output is activated. The FAULT state is exited at the next falling edge of IN input. A programmable blanking time is used to allow enough time for IGBT saturation. Blanking time is provided by an internal current source and external capacitor. DESAT input can also be used with an external comparator for overcurrent or over temperature detection. 5.4 Active Miller clamp A Miller clamp allows the control of the Miller current during a high dV/dt situation and can avoid the use of a negative supply voltage. During turn-off, the gate voltage is monitored and the clamp output is activated when gate voltage goes below 2 V (relative to GND). The clamp voltage is VL+3 V max for a Miller current up to 500 mA. The clamp is disabled when the IN input is triggered again. 5.5 Two level turn-off The two-level turn-off is used to increase the reliability of the application. During turn-off, gate voltage can be reduced to a programmable level in order to reduce the IGBT current (in the event of over-current). This action avoids both dangerous overvoltage across the IGBT, and RBSOA problems, especially at short circuit turn-off. Turn-off (Ta) delay is programmable through an external resistor and capacitor for accurate timing. Turn-off delay (Ta) is also used to delay the input signal to prevent distortion of input pulse width. 8/17 Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 TD350 5.6 Functional description Minimum ON time In order to ensure the proper operation of the 2-level turn-off function, the input ON time (Twin) must be greater than the Twinmin value: Twinmin=Ta+2*Rdel*Coff Rdel is the internal discharge resistor and Coff is the external timing capacitor. Input signals smaller than Ta are ignored. Input signals larger than Twinmin are transmitted to the output stage after the Ta delay with minimum width distortion (ΔTw=Twout-Twin). For an input signal width Twin between Ta and Twinmin, the output width Twout is reduced below Twin (pulse distortion) and the IGBT could be partially turned on. These input signals should be avoided during normal operation. 5.7 Output The output stage is able to sink 2.3 A and source 1.5 A typical at 25 °C (1.2 A/0.75 A minimum over the full temperature range). Separated sink and source outputs allow independent gate charge and discharge control without an extra external diode. 5.8 Fault status output Fault output is used to signal a fault event (desaturation, UVLO) to a controller. The fault pin is designed to drive an optocoupler. 5.9 Undervoltage protection Undervoltage detection protects the application in the event of a low VH supply voltage (during start-up or a fault situation). During undervoltage, the OUTH pin is open and the OUTL pin is driven low (active pull-down for VH>2 V, passive pull-down for VH<2 V). Fault output signals the undervoltage state and is reset only when undervoltage state disappears. Figure 3. Undervoltage protection UVH UVL Vccmin VH 2V OUT FAULT Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 9/17 Functional description Figure 4. TD350 Detailed internal schematic UVLO Comp_Input IN Delay VREF Vref 1V-4V VH 250uA Comp_Desat DESAT 7.2V Control Block Vref FAULT Comp_DelayOff COFF Comp_Clamp 2.5V S2 2V CLAMP VH OUTH VH OUTL 2-level OFF driver LVOFF VL GND rev. 3 10/17 Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 TD350 6 Timing diagrams Timing diagrams Figure 5. Turn-on and turn-off Twin IN COFF Ta Ta VH level LVOFF OUT Twout VL level Open CLAMP VH level Miller plateau Vge Clamp threshold VL level Vce Figure 6. Minimum ON time Tin<Ta Ta<Tin<Twinmin Tin>Twinmin IN 2.5V COFF Ta Ta Ta VH level LVOFF OUT VL level Open CLAMP Figure 7. Desaturation fault IN 2.5V COFF Ta Ta Ta VH level LVOFF VL level OUT 7V DESAT Desat Blanking Time open FAULT Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 11/17 Typical performance curves TD350 7 Typical performance curves Figure 8. Supply current vs temperature Figure 9. 5.0 Low level output voltage vs temp. 3.0 VOL-VL (V) In (mA) 4.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 Iosink=500mA 1.0 Iosink=200mA 1.0 Iosink=20mA 0.0 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -50 125 -25 0 Figure 10. Desaturation threshold vs temp. 100 125 5.10 8 Vref (V) Vdes (V) 75 5.20 9 7 5.00 4.90 6 4.80 5 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -50 125 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Temp (°C) Temp (°C) Figure 12. High level output voltage vs temp. Figure 13. Desaturation source current vs temp. 4.0 500 400 Iosource=500mA 2.0 Iosource=200mA 1.0 Iosource=20mA Ides (uA) 3.0 VH-VOH (V) 50 Figure 11. Voltage reference vs temp. 10 300 200 100 0.0 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Temp (°C) 12/17 25 Temp (°C) Temp (°C) -50 -25 0 25 50 Temp (°C) Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 75 100 125 TD350 Application diagrams Figure 14. Single supply IGBT drive with active Miller clamp and 2-level turn-off VH UVLO IN 5.1V VREF FAULT NC Off delay COFF Vref NC LVOFF VH 16V VH Block Vref OUTH Control Vref DESAT Desat VL OUTL CLAMP GND Off Level TD350 Figure 15. Large IGBT drive with negative gate drive and desaturation detection Vref UVLO IN Pulse Transformer VREF Vref FAULT OUTH VL OUTL NC COFF Vref Off delay NC LVOFF VH 16V VH Block Vref Control VH DESAT Desat -10V CLAMP GND Off Level TD350 Figure 16. Use of DESAT input for direct overcurrent detection 6REF 6REF 56,/ ). 0ULSE4RANSFORMER 6REF 62%& 6REF &!5,4 .# 6REF #/&& /FF DELAY .# 6( ,6/& & 6 6( "LOCK 6( $%3!4 $ESAT /54( #ONTROL 8 Application diagrams 6, /54, #,!-0 '.$ /FF,EVEL 4$ Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 13/17 Package mechanical data 9 TD350 Package mechanical data In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK® is an ST trademark. Table 6. SO-14 mechanical data mm. inch Dim. Min Typ A a1 Max Typ 1.75 0.1 0.2 a2 Max 0.068 0.003 0.007 1.65 0.064 b 0.35 0.46 0.013 0.018 b1 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010 C 0.5 0.019 c1 45° (typ.) D 8.55 8.75 0.336 0.344 E 5.8 6.2 0.228 0.244 e 1.27 0.050 e3 7.62 0.300 F 3.8 4.0 0.149 0.157 G 4.6 5.3 0.181 0.208 L 0.5 1.27 0.019 0.050 M 0.68 S 14/17 Min 8° (max.) Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 0.026 TD350 Package mechanical data Figure 17. Package dimensions Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 15/17 Revision history 10 TD350 Revision history Table 7. Document revision history Date 16/17 Revision Changes 3 No history because migration 01-Aug-2004 4 Updated: Coverpage and Figure 7 17-Feb-2010 5 Updated: Coverpage, Table 3, Table 5 and Figure 16 28-Apr-2010 6 Updated: Table 5 Doc ID 9525 Rev 6 TD350 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. 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