STMICROELECTRONICS TD350ID

TD350
Advanced IGBT/MOSFET driver
Features
■
1.5 A source/2.3 A sink typ gate drive
■
Active Miller clamp feature
■
Two steps turn-off with adjustable level and
delay
■
Desaturation detection
■
Fault status output
■
Negative gate drive ability
■
Input compatible with pulse transformer or
optocoupler
■
Separate sink and source outputs for easy gate
drive
■
UVLO protection
■
2 kV ESD protection (HBM)
Description
Innovative active Miller clamp function avoids the
need of negative gate drive in most applications
and allows the use of a simple bootstrap supply
for the high side driver
Applications
■
1200 V 3-phase inverter
■
Motor control
■
UPS systems
TD350 is an advanced gate driver for IGBT and
power MOSFET. Control and protection functions
are included and allow the design of high
reliability systems.
TD350 includes a two-level turn-off feature with
adjustable level and delay. This function protects
against excessive overvoltage at turn-off in case
of overcurrent or short-circuit condition. Same
delay is applied at turn-on to prevent pulse width
distortion.
TD350 also includes an IGBT desaturation
protection and a FAULT status output.
TD350 is compatible with both pulse transformer
and optocoupler signals.
Table 1.
Device summary
Order codes
Temperature range
Package
-40, +125°C
SO-14
TD350ID
Tube
TD350IDT
April 2010
Packaging
Tape and reel
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
1/17
www.st.com
17
Contents
TD350
Contents
1
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2
Pin connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3
Absolute maximum ratings
4
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5
Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
.................................. 5
5.1
Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.2
Voltage reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.3
Desaturation protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.4
Active Miller clamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.5
Two level turn-off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.6
Minimum ON time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.7
Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.8
Fault status output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.9
Undervoltage protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6
Timing diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
7
Typical performance curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8
Application diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
9
Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
10
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2/17
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
TD350
Block diagram
Figure 1.
Schematic block diagram
Vref
UVLO
IN
Pulse Transformer
Vref
VREF
Vref
Optionnal
FAULT
NC
Vref
COFF
Off
delay
NC
VH
LVOFF
16V
VH
Block
VH
DESAT
Desat
OUTH
Control
1
Block diagram
VL
OUTL
CLAMP
-10V
GND
Off Level
TD350
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
3/17
Pin connections
2
TD350
Pin connections
Figure 2.
Pin connections (top view)
IN
1
14
DESAT
VREF
2
13
VH
FAULT
3
12
OUTH
NC
4
11
OUTL
COFF
5
10
VL
NC
6
9
CLAMP
7
8
GND
LVOFF
Table 2.
4/17
TD350
Pin description
Name
Pin number
Type
IN
1
Analog input
VREF
2
Analog output
+5V reference voltage
FAULT
3
Digital output
Fault status output
NC
4
Not connected
COFF
5
Timing capacitor
NC
6
Not connected
LVOFF
7
Analog input
Turn off level
GND
8
Power supply
Signal ground
CLAMP
9
Analog output
Miller clamp
VL
10
Power supply
Negative supply
OUTL
11
Analog output
Gate drive output (sink)
OUTH
12
Analog output
Gate drive output (source)
VH
13
Power supply
Positive supply
DESAT
14
Analog input
Desaturation protection
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
Function
Input
Turn off delay
TD350
Absolute maximum ratings
3
Absolute maximum ratings
Table 3.
Key parameters and their absolute maximum ratings
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
VHL
Maximum supply voltage (VH - VL)
28
V
VH
Maximum VH voltage vs. GND
28
V
VL
Minimum VL voltage vs. GND
-12
V
Vout
Voltage on OUTH, OUTL, CLAMP pins
VL-0.3 to VH+0.3
V
Vdes
Voltage on DESAT, FAULT, LVOFF pin
-0.3 to VH+0.3
V
Vother
Voltage on other pins (IN, COFF, VREF)
-0.3 to 7
V
500
mW
-55 to 150
°C
Maximum junction temperature
150
°C
Rthja
Thermal resistance junction-ambient
125
°C/W
Rthjc
Thermal resistance junction-case
22
°C/W
ESD
Electrostatic discharge (HBM)
2
kV
Value
Unit
Pd
Power dissipation
Tstg
Storage temperature
Tj
Table 4.
Symbol
Operating conditions
Parameter
VH
Positive supply voltage vs. GND
UVLO to 26
V
VL
Negative supply voltage vs. GND
0 to -10
V
26
V
-40 to 125
°C
VH-VL
Toper
Maximum total supply voltage
Operating free air temperature range
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
5/17
Electrical characteristics
4
TD350
Electrical characteristics
TA = -20 to 125 °C, VH=16 V, VL=-10 V (unless otherwise specified)
Table 5.
Electrical characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Test condition
Min
Typ
0.8
1.0
Max
Unit
Input
Vton
IN turn-on threshold voltage
Vtoff
IN turn-off threshold voltage
tonmin
Iinp
Minimum pulse width
100
V
4.0
4.2
V
135
220
ns
1
μA
5.15
5.22
V
V
IN input current
Voltage reference (1)
Vref
Voltage reference
Iref
Maximum output current
T=25°C
Tmin<T<Tmax
4.85
4.77
5.00
10
mA
Desaturation protection
Vdes
Desaturation threshold
Ides
Source current
6.5
7.2
7.9
V
μA
250
Fault output
tfault
Delay for fault detection
VFL
FAULT low voltage
IFLsink=10mA
500
ns
1
V
Clamp
Vtclamp
VCL
CLAMP pin voltage threshold
Clamp low voltage
2.0
T=25°C; ICLsink=500mA
Tmin<T<Tmax; ICLsink=500mA
V
VL+2.5
VL+3.0
V
V
2.65
V
500
Ω
120
200
μA
-0.15
0
V
VL+0.35
V
VL+1.0
VL+1.5
V
V
Off delay
Vtdel
Voltage threshold
2.35
Rdel
Discharge resistor
I=1mA
Iblvoff
LVOFF peak input current (sink)
LVOFF=12V
Violv
Offset voltage
LVOFF=12V
2.50
Off levels
-0.3
Outputs
VOL1
Output low voltage at Iosink=20mA
VOL2
Output low voltage at Iosink=200mA
6/17
T=25°C
Tmin<T<Tmax
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
TD350
Table 5.
Electrical characteristics
Electrical characteristics (continued)
Symbol
Parameter
VOL3
Output low voltage at Iosink=500mA
T=25°C
Tmin<T<Tmax
VOH1
Output high voltage 1
Iosource=20mA
VH-2.5
V
VOH2
Output high voltage 2
Iosource=200mA
VH-3.0
V
VOH3
Output high voltage 3
Iosource=500mA
VH-4.0
V
tr
Rise time
CL=1nF, 10% to 90%
VL=0
VL=-10V
130
175
ns
ns
tf
Fall time (2)
CL=1nF, 90% to 10%
VL=0
VL=-10V
75
90
ns
ns
600
ns
650
ns
570
ns
620
ns
tpd_on
tpd_off
Δtw
Test condition
Min
Typ
500
Max
Unit
VL+2.5
VL+3.0
V
V
10% output change;
T=25°C
400
10% output change;
Tmin<T<Tmax
350
10% output change;
T=25°C
350
10% output change;
Tmin<T<Tmax
300
10% output change
25
50
120
ns
Turn-on propagation delay
450
Turn-off propagation delay
Input to output pulse distortion
Under voltage lockout (UVLO)
UVLOH
UVLO top threshold
10
11
12
V
UVLOL
UVLO bottom threshold
9
10
11
V
0.5
1
Vhyst
UVLO hysteresis
UVLOH-UVLOL
V
Supply current
Iin
Quiescent current
Output=0V, no load
5
mA
1. Recommended capacitor range on VREF pin is 10 nF to 100 nF.
2. 2 step turn-off disabled
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
7/17
Functional description
TD350
5
Functional description
5.1
Input
The input is compatible with optocouplers or pulse transformers. The input is triggered by
the signal edge and allows the use of low-sized, low-cost pulse transformer. Input is active
low (output is high when input is low) to ease the use of optocoupler. When driven by a pulse
transformer, the input pulse (positive and negative) width must be larger than the minimum
pulse width tonmin.
5.2
Voltage reference
A voltage reference is used to create accurate timing for the two-level turn-off with external
resistor and capacitor.
5.3
Desaturation protection
Desaturation protection ensures the protection of the IGBT in the event of overcurrent.
When the DESAT voltage goes higher that 7 V, the output is driven low (with 2-level turn-off
if applicable). The FAULT output is activated. The FAULT state is exited at the next falling
edge of IN input.
A programmable blanking time is used to allow enough time for IGBT saturation. Blanking
time is provided by an internal current source and external capacitor.
DESAT input can also be used with an external comparator for overcurrent or over
temperature detection.
5.4
Active Miller clamp
A Miller clamp allows the control of the Miller current during a high dV/dt situation and can
avoid the use of a negative supply voltage.
During turn-off, the gate voltage is monitored and the clamp output is activated when gate
voltage goes below 2 V (relative to GND). The clamp voltage is VL+3 V max for a Miller
current up to 500 mA. The clamp is disabled when the IN input is triggered again.
5.5
Two level turn-off
The two-level turn-off is used to increase the reliability of the application.
During turn-off, gate voltage can be reduced to a programmable level in order to reduce the
IGBT current (in the event of over-current). This action avoids both dangerous overvoltage
across the IGBT, and RBSOA problems, especially at short circuit turn-off.
Turn-off (Ta) delay is programmable through an external resistor and capacitor for accurate
timing.
Turn-off delay (Ta) is also used to delay the input signal to prevent distortion of input pulse
width.
8/17
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
TD350
5.6
Functional description
Minimum ON time
In order to ensure the proper operation of the 2-level turn-off function, the input ON time
(Twin) must be greater than the Twinmin value:
Twinmin=Ta+2*Rdel*Coff
Rdel is the internal discharge resistor and Coff is the external timing capacitor.
Input signals smaller than Ta are ignored. Input signals larger than Twinmin are transmitted to
the output stage after the Ta delay with minimum width distortion (ΔTw=Twout-Twin).
For an input signal width Twin between Ta and Twinmin, the output width Twout is reduced
below Twin (pulse distortion) and the IGBT could be partially turned on. These input signals
should be avoided during normal operation.
5.7
Output
The output stage is able to sink 2.3 A and source 1.5 A typical at 25 °C (1.2 A/0.75 A
minimum over the full temperature range). Separated sink and source outputs allow
independent gate charge and discharge control without an extra external diode.
5.8
Fault status output
Fault output is used to signal a fault event (desaturation, UVLO) to a controller. The fault pin
is designed to drive an optocoupler.
5.9
Undervoltage protection
Undervoltage detection protects the application in the event of a low VH supply voltage
(during start-up or a fault situation). During undervoltage, the OUTH pin is open and the
OUTL pin is driven low (active pull-down for VH>2 V, passive pull-down for VH<2 V). Fault
output signals the undervoltage state and is reset only when undervoltage state disappears.
Figure 3.
Undervoltage protection
UVH
UVL
Vccmin
VH
2V
OUT
FAULT
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
9/17
Functional description
Figure 4.
TD350
Detailed internal schematic
UVLO
Comp_Input
IN
Delay
VREF
Vref
1V-4V
VH
250uA
Comp_Desat
DESAT
7.2V
Control Block
Vref
FAULT
Comp_DelayOff
COFF
Comp_Clamp
2.5V
S2
2V
CLAMP
VH
OUTH
VH
OUTL
2-level OFF driver
LVOFF
VL
GND
rev. 3
10/17
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
TD350
6
Timing diagrams
Timing diagrams
Figure 5.
Turn-on and turn-off
Twin
IN
COFF
Ta
Ta
VH level
LVOFF
OUT
Twout
VL level
Open
CLAMP
VH level
Miller plateau
Vge
Clamp threshold
VL level
Vce
Figure 6.
Minimum ON time
Tin<Ta
Ta<Tin<Twinmin
Tin>Twinmin
IN
2.5V
COFF
Ta
Ta
Ta
VH level
LVOFF
OUT
VL level
Open
CLAMP
Figure 7.
Desaturation fault
IN
2.5V
COFF
Ta
Ta
Ta
VH level
LVOFF
VL level
OUT
7V
DESAT
Desat Blanking Time
open
FAULT
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
11/17
Typical performance curves
TD350
7
Typical performance curves
Figure 8.
Supply current vs temperature
Figure 9.
5.0
Low level output voltage vs temp.
3.0
VOL-VL (V)
In (mA)
4.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
Iosink=500mA
1.0
Iosink=200mA
1.0
Iosink=20mA
0.0
0.0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
-50
125
-25
0
Figure 10. Desaturation threshold vs temp.
100
125
5.10
8
Vref (V)
Vdes (V)
75
5.20
9
7
5.00
4.90
6
4.80
5
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
-50
125
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
Temp (°C)
Temp (°C)
Figure 12. High level output voltage vs temp.
Figure 13. Desaturation source current vs
temp.
4.0
500
400
Iosource=500mA
2.0
Iosource=200mA
1.0
Iosource=20mA
Ides (uA)
3.0
VH-VOH (V)
50
Figure 11. Voltage reference vs temp.
10
300
200
100
0.0
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
Temp (°C)
12/17
25
Temp (°C)
Temp (°C)
-50
-25
0
25
50
Temp (°C)
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
75
100
125
TD350
Application diagrams
Figure 14. Single supply IGBT drive with active Miller clamp and 2-level turn-off
VH
UVLO
IN
5.1V
VREF
FAULT
NC
Off
delay
COFF
Vref
NC
LVOFF
VH
16V
VH
Block
Vref
OUTH
Control
Vref
DESAT
Desat
VL
OUTL
CLAMP
GND
Off Level
TD350
Figure 15. Large IGBT drive with negative gate drive and desaturation detection
Vref
UVLO
IN
Pulse Transformer
VREF
Vref
FAULT
OUTH
VL
OUTL
NC
COFF
Vref
Off
delay
NC
LVOFF
VH
16V
VH
Block
Vref
Control
VH
DESAT
Desat
-10V
CLAMP
GND
Off Level
TD350
Figure 16. Use of DESAT input for direct overcurrent detection
6REF
6REF
56,/
).
0ULSE4RANSFORMER
6REF
62%&
6REF
&!5,4
.#
6REF
#/&&
/FF
DELAY
.#
6(
,6/& &
6
6(
"LOCK
6(
$%3!4
$ESAT
/54(
#ONTROL
8
Application diagrams
6,
/54,
#,!-0
'.$
/FF,EVEL
4$
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
13/17
Package mechanical data
9
TD350
Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
Table 6.
SO-14 mechanical data
mm.
inch
Dim.
Min
Typ
A
a1
Max
Typ
1.75
0.1
0.2
a2
Max
0.068
0.003
0.007
1.65
0.064
b
0.35
0.46
0.013
0.018
b1
0.19
0.25
0.007
0.010
C
0.5
0.019
c1
45° (typ.)
D
8.55
8.75
0.336
0.344
E
5.8
6.2
0.228
0.244
e
1.27
0.050
e3
7.62
0.300
F
3.8
4.0
0.149
0.157
G
4.6
5.3
0.181
0.208
L
0.5
1.27
0.019
0.050
M
0.68
S
14/17
Min
8° (max.)
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
0.026
TD350
Package mechanical data
Figure 17. Package dimensions
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
15/17
Revision history
10
TD350
Revision history
Table 7.
Document revision history
Date
16/17
Revision
Changes
3
No history because migration
01-Aug-2004
4
Updated: Coverpage and Figure 7
17-Feb-2010
5
Updated: Coverpage, Table 3, Table 5 and Figure 16
28-Apr-2010
6
Updated: Table 5
Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
TD350
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Doc ID 9525 Rev 6
17/17