H CAT661 EE GEN FR ALO High Frequency 100mA CMOS Charge Pump, Inverter/Doubler LE FEATURES ■ Converts V+ to V- or V+ to 2V+ A D F R E ETM ■ Pin-compatible to MAX660, LTC660 with higher frequency operation ■ Low output resistance, 10Ω max. ■ High power efficiency ■ Available in 8-pin SOIC andDIP packages ■ Selectable charge pump frequency of 25kHz ■ Lead-free, halogen-free package option or 135kHz; optimize capacitor size. ■ Low quiescent current APPLICATIONS ■ Negative voltage generator ■ Low EMI power source ■ Instrumentation ■ Voltage doubler ■ GaAs FET biasing ■ LCD contrast bias ■ Voltage splitter ■ Lithium battery power supply ■ Cellular phones, pagers DESCRIPTION The CAT661 is a charge-pump voltage converter. It can invert a positive input voltage to a negative output. Only two external capacitors are needed. With a guaranteed 100mA output current capability, the CAT661 can replace a switching regulator and its inductor. Lower EMI is achieved due to the absence of an inductor. connected to V+. The operating frequency can also be adjusted with an external capacitor at the OSC pin or by driving OSC with an external clock. In addition, the CAT661 can double a voltage supplied from a battery or power supply. Inputs from 2.5V to 5.5V will yield a doubled, 5V to 11V output. The CAT661 can replace the MAX660 and the LTC660 in applications where higher oscillator frequency and smaller capacitors are needed. In addition, the CAT661 is pin compatible with the 7660/1044, offering an easy upgrade for applications with 100mA loads. Both 8-pin DIP and SO packages are available. For die availability, contact Catalyst Semiconductor marketing. A Frequency Control pin (BOOST/FC) is provided to select either a high (typically 135kHz) or low (25kHz) internal oscillator frequency, thus allowing quiescent current vs. capacitor size trade-offs to be made. The 135kHz frequency is selected when the FC pin is TYPICAL APPLICATION +VIN 1.5V to 5.5V C1 + 1 BOOST/FC 2 CAP+ 3 4 GND CAT661 CAP- V+ 8 OSC 7 LV OUT 6 5 Inverted Negative Voltage Output C1 VIN = 2.5V to 5.5V VOLTAGE INVERTER © Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc. Characteristics subject to change without notice + 1 BOOST/FC V+ 8 2 CAP+ OSC 7 3 GND LV 6 4 CAP- OUT 5 CAT661 Doubled Positive Voltage Output POSITIVE VOLTAGE DOUBLER 1 Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K CAT661 PIN CONFIGURATION SOIC 8-Lead (V) PDIP 8-Lead (L) 8 V+ BOOST/FC 1 CAT661 CAP+ 2 7 OSC GND 3 6 LV CAP- 4 5 OUT (Top View) PIN DESCRIPTIONS Circuit Configuration Pin Number Name 1 Boost/FC Inverter Freqency Control for the internal oscillator. With an external oscillator BOOST/FC has no effect. Boost/FC Oscillator Frequency Doubler Oscillator Frequency Open 25kHz typical, 10kHz minimum 40kHz typical V+ 135kHz typical, 80kHz minimum 135kHz typical, 40kHz minimum Same as inverter. 2 CAP+ Charge Pump Capacitor. Positive terminal. Same as inverter. 3 GND Power Supply Ground. Power supply. Positive voltage input. 4 CAP- Charge pump capacitor. Negative terminal. Same as inverter. 5 OUT Output for negative voltage. Power supply ground. 6 LV Low-Voltage selection pin. When the input voltage is less than 3V, connect LV to GND. For input voltages above 3V, LV may be connected to GND or left open. If OSC is driven externally, connect LV to GND. LV must be tied to OUT for all input voltages. 7 OSC Oscillator control input. An external capacitor can be connected to lower the oscillator frequency. An external oscillator can drive OSC and set the chip operating frequency. The charge-pump frequency is one-half the frequency at OSC. Same as inverter. Do not overdrive OSC in doubling mode. Standard logic levels will not be suitable. See the applications section for additional information. 8 V+ Power supply. Positive voltage input. Positive voltage output. ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number CAT661ELA CAT661EVA CAT661EVA-T3 Package Quanity PDIP, 8-lead SOIC SOIC 50/tube 100/tube 3,000/reel Package Marking 661ELA 661EVA 661EVA Note: All packages are RoHS compliant. Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K 2 CAT661 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS V+ to GND ............................................................. 6V Storage Temperature ......................... -65°C to 160°C Lead Soldering Temperature (10 sec) ............. 300°C Input Voltage (Pins 1, 6 and 7) .. -0.3V to (V+ + 0.3V) ESD Rating-Human Body Model ..................... 2000V BOOST/FC and OSC Input Voltage ........... The least negative of (Out - 0.3V) or (V+ - 6V) to (V+ + 0.3V) Note: TA = Ambient Temperature These are stress ratings only and functional operation is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for prolongued time periods may affect device reliability. All voltages are with respect to ground. Output Short-circuit Duration to GND .............. 1 sec. (OUT may be shorted to GND for 1 sec without damage but shorting OUT to V+ should be avoided.) Operating Ambient Temperature Ranges Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = 70°C) Plastic DIP ................................................ 730mW CAT661E .............. -40°C to 85°C SO ............................................................ 500mW TDFN ............................................................... 1W ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS V+ = 5V, C1 = C2 = 100µF, Boost/FC = Open, COSC = 0pF, and Test Circuit is Figure 1 unless otherwise noted. Temperature is TA = TAMIN to TAMAX unless otherwise noted. Parameter Supply Voltage Supply Current Symbol VS IS Conditions Min. Output Resistance IOUT RO Max. Units V Inverter: LV = Open. RL = 1kΩ 3.0 5.5 Inverter: LV = GND. RL = 1kΩ 1.5 5.5 Doubler: LV = OUT. RL = 1kΩ 2.5 5.5 BOOST/FC = open, LV = Open BOOST/FC = V+ , LV = Open Output Current Typ OUT is more negative than -4V 0.2 0.5 1 3 100 C1 = C2 = 10µF, mA mA 3.5 10 3.5 10 Ω BOOST/FC = V+ (C1, C2 ESR ≤ 0.5Ω) C1 = C2 = 100µF (Note 2) Oscillator Frequency FOSC BOOST/FC = Open 10 25 (Note 3) BOOST/FC = V+ 80 135 OSC Input Current Power Efficiency IOSC PE ±2 ±10 µA 96 98 % 92 96 BOOST/FC = Open BOOST/FC = V+ RL = 1kΩ connected between V+ and kHz OUT, TA = 25°C (Doubler) RL = 500Ω connected between GND and OUT, TA = 25°C (Inverter) IL = 100mA to GND, TA = 25°C (Inverter) Voltage Conversion VEFF No load, TA = 25°C 88 99 99.9 % Efficiency 1. In Figure 1, test circuit electrolytic capacitors C1 and C2 are 100µF and have 0.2Ω maximum ESR. Higher ESR levels may reduce efficiency and output voltage. 2. The output resistance is a combination of the internal switch resistance and the external capacitor ESR. For maximum voltage and efficiency keep external capacitor ESR under 0.2Ω. 3. FOSC is tested with COSC = 100pF to minimize test fixture loading. The test is correlated back to COSC=0pF to simulate the capacitance at OSC when the device is inserted into a test socket without an external COSC. 3 Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K CAT661 Figure 1. Test Circuit Voltage Inverter 1 V+ 2 + 3 C1 100µF 4 BOOST/FC V+ CAP+ OSC CAT661 GND LV CAP- OUT 8 IS 7 V+ 5V External Oscillator 6 COSC 5 RL IL VOUT C2 + 100µF TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS Typical characteristic curves are generated using the circuit in Figure 1. Inverter test conditions are: V+ 5V, LV = GND, BOOST/FC = Open and TA = 25˚C unless otherwise indicated. Note that the charge-pump frequency is one-half the oscillator frequency. Supply Current vs. Input Voltage Supply Current vs. Temperature (No Load) 250 1200 INPUT CURRENT [µA] INPUT CURRENT [µA] 1400 1000 800 FC = V+ 600 400 FC = open 200 VIN = 5V 200 150 VIN = 3V 100 50 VIN = 2V 0 1 2 3 4 5 INPUT VOLTAGE [V] 0 -50 6 0 25 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE [oC] Output Resistance vs. Temperature (50Ω load) Output Resistance vs. Input Voltage 10 8 OUTPUT RESISTANCE [Ω] OUTPUT RESISTANCE [Ω] -25 8 6 4 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 VIN = 3V 5 VIN = 2V 4 3 VIN = 5V 2 -50 INPUT VOLTAGE [V] Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K 7 4 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE [oC] CAT661 TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS Inverted Output voltage vs. Load, V+ = 5V Output Voltage Drop vs. Load Current 1.0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE [V] INV. OUTPUT VOLTAGE [V] 5.0 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.0 0.6 0.4 20 40 60 80 LOAD CURRENT [mA] 0.2 100 V+ = 5V 0 40 60 80 100 Oscillator Frequency vs. Supply Voltage 200 40 160 FREQUENCY [kHz] 50 30 FC = Open 20 20 LOAD CURRENT [mA] Oscillator Frequency vs. Supply Voltage 10 FC = V+ 120 80 40 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE [V] 1 6 Supply Current vs. Oscillator Frequency 2 3 4 5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE [V] 6 Efficiency vs. Load Current 10000 100 NoLoad No L d 90 EFFICIENCY [%] INPUT CURRENT [µA] V+ = 3V 0.0 0 FREQUENCY [kHz] 0.8 1000 100 10 1 V+ =5V V+ = 3V 80 70 60 50 40 10 100 1000 OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY [KHz] 0 50 100 LOAD CURRENT [mA] 5 Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K CAT661 Figure 2. Test Circuit Voltage Doubler 1 V+ 2 C1 + 100µF V+ 5V 3 4 BOOST/FC V+ CAP+ OSC CAT661 GND LV CAP- OUT 8 10V VOUT 7 External Oscillator 6 5 C2 100µF TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS Typical characteristic curves are generated using the circuit in Figure 2. Doubler test conditions are: V+ 5V, LV = GND, BOOST/FC = Open and TA = 25˚C unless otherwise indicated. Supply Current vs. Input Voltage (No Load) Output Resistance vs. Input Voltage 10 OUTPUT RESISTANCE [Ω] INPUT CURRENT [µA] 3000 2500 2000 1500 FC = V+ 1000 FC = open 500 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 8 6 4 2 0 6 1 2 3 INPUT VOLTAGE [V] Supply Current vs. Oscillator Frequency 5 6 Output Voltage Drop vs. Load Current 1.0 10000 No Load OUTPUT VOLTAGE [V] INPUT CURRENT [µA] 4 INPUT VOLTAGE [V] 1000 100 0.8 0.6 0.4 V+ = 3V 0.2 V+ = 5V 0.0 10 1 10 100 1000 0 OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY [KHz] Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K 20 40 60 80 LOAD CURRENT [mA] 6 100 CAT661 APPLICATION INFORMATION Circuit Description and Operating Theory The 1/FC1 term can be modeled as an equivalent impedance REQ. A simple equivalent circuit is shown in figure 4. This circuit does not include the switch resistance nor does it include output voltage ripple. It does allow one to understand the switch-capacitor topology and make prudent engineering tradeoffs. The CAT661 switches capacitors to invert or double an input voltage. Figure 3 shows a simple switch capacitor circuit. In position 1 capacitor C1 is charged to voltage V1. The total charge on C1 is Q1 = C1V1. When the switch moves to position 2, the input capacitor C1 is discharged to voltage V2. After discharge, the charge on C1 is Q2 = C1V2. For example, power conversion efficiency is set by the output impedance, which consists of REQ and switch resistance. As switching frequency is decreased, REQ, the 1/FC1 term, will dominate the output impedance, causing higher voltage losses and decreased efficiency. As the frequency is increased quiescent current increases. At high frequency this current becomes significant and the power efficiency degrades. The charge transferred is: ∆Q = Q1 - Q2 = C1 × (V1 - V2) If the switch is cycled "F" times per second, the current (charge transfer per unit time) is: The oscillator is designed to operate where voltage losses are a minimum. With external 150µF capacitors, the internal switch resistances and the Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) of the external capacitors determine the effective output impedance. I = F × ∆Q = F × C1 (V1 - V2) Rearranging in terms of impedance: (V1-V2) I= = (1/FC1) V1-V2 A block diagram of the CAT661 is shown in figure 5. REQ Figure 3. Switched-Capacitor Building Block V1 Figure 4. Switched-Capacitor Equivalent Circuit REQ V2 C1 C2 V1 RL V2 C2 RL REQ = 1 FC1 7 Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K CAT661 OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY CONTROL The switching frequency can be raised, lowered or driven from an external source. Figure 6 shows a functional diagram of the oscillator circuit. The CAT661 oscillator has four control modes: BOOST/FC Pin Connection OSC Pin Connection Nominal Oscillator Frequency Open Open 25kHz BOOST/FC= V+ Open 135kHz Open or BOOST/FC= V+ External Capacitor — Open External Clock Frequency of external clock If BOOST/FC and OSC are left floating (Open), the nominal oscillator frequency is 25kHz. The pump frequency is one-half the oscillator frequency. an external capacitor at OSC, the operating frequency can be set. Note that the frequency appearing at CAP+ or CAP- is one-half that of the oscillator. By connecting the BOOST/FC pin to V+, the charge and discharge currents are increased, and the frequency is increased by approximately 6 times. Increasing the frequency will decrease the output impedance and ripple currents. This can be an advantage at high load currents. Increasing the frequency raises quiescent current but allows smaller capacitance values for C1 and C2. Driving the CAT661 from an external frequency source can be easily achieved by driving Pin 7 and leaving the BOOST pin open, as shown in figure 6. The output current from Pin 7 is small, typically 1µA to 8µA, so a CMOS can drive the OSC pin. For 5V applications, a TTL logic gate can be used if an external 100kΩ pull-up resistor is used as shown in figure 7. If pin 7, OSC, is loaded with an external capacitor the frequency is lowered. By using the BOOST/FC pin and Figure 5. CAT661 Block Diagram V+ (8) SW1 BOOST/FC Ο 8x (1) CAP+ (2) SW2 + C1 OSC 2 CAP(4) Ο OSC (7) VOUT (5) C2 + LV (6) CLOSED WHEN V+ > 3.0V GND (3) (N) = Pin Number Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K 8 CAT661 CAPACITOR SELECTION Low ESR capacitors are necessary to minimize voltage losses, especially at high load currents. The exact values of C1 and C2 are not critical but low ESR capacitors are necessary. Output voltage ripple is determined by the value of C2 and the load current. C2 is charged and discharged at a current roughly equal to the load current. The internal switching frequency is one-half the oscillator frequency. The ESR of capacitor C1, the pump capacitor, can have a pronounced effect on the output. C1 currents are approximately twice the output current and losses occur on both the charge and discharge cycle. The ESR effects are thus multiplied by four. A 0.5Ω ESR for C1 will have the same effect as a 2Ω increase in CAT661 output impedance. VRIPPLE = IOUT/(FOSC x C2) + IOUT x ESRC2 For example, with a 25kHz oscillator frequency (12.5kHz switching frequency), a 150µF C2 capacitor with an ESR of 0.2Ω and a 100mA load peak-to-peak the ripple voltage is 45mV. VRIPPLE vs. FOSC VRIPPLE (mV) IOUT (mA) FOSC (kHz) C2 (µF) C2 ESR (Ω) 45 100 25 150 0.2 25 100 135 150 0.2 Figure 6. Oscillator Figure 7. External Clocking V+ V+ 7.0 I REQUIRED FOR TTL LOGIC I BOOST/FC (1) NC 1 2 + C1 3 4 BOOST/FC CAP+ CAT661 V+ OSC GND LV CAP- OUT 8 100k 7 OSC INPUT 6 5 -V+ OSC (7) + C2 ~18pF 7.0 I I LV (6) 9 Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K CAT661 CAPACITOR SUPPLIERS The following manufacturers supply low-ESR capacitors: Manufacturer Capacitor Type Phone WEB Email Comments AVX/Kyocera TPS/TPS3 843-448-9411 www.avxcorp.com [email protected] Tantalum Vishay/Sprague 595 402-563-6866 www.vishay.com — Aluminum Sanyo MV-AX, UGX 619-661-6835 www.sanyo.com Nichicon F55 847-843-7500 www.nichicon-us.com [email protected] Aluminum — HC/HD Tantalum Aluminum Capacitor manufacturers continually introduce new series and offer different package styles. It is recommended that before a design is finalized capacitor manufacturers should be surveyed for their latest product offerings. CONTROLLING LOSS IN CAT661 APPLICATIONS There are three primary sources of voltage loss: The effective output impedance of a CAT661 circuit is approximately: 1. Output resistance VLOSS = ILOAD x ROUT, where ROUT is the CAT661 output resistance and ILOAD is the load current. 2. Charge pump (C1) capacitor ESR: VLOSSC1 ≈ 4 x ESRC1 x ILOAD, where ESRC1 is the ESR of capacitor C1. 3. Output or reservoir (C2) capacitor ESR: VLOSSC2 = ESRC2 x ILOAD, where ESRC2 is the ESR of capacitor C2. Rcircuit ≈ Rout 661 + (4 x ESRC1) + ESRC2 VOLTAGE INVERSION POSITIVE-TO-NEGATIVE The CAT661 easily provides a negative supply voltage from a positive supply in the system. Figure 8 shows a typical circuit. The LV pin may be left floating for positive input voltages at or above 3.3V. Increasing the value of C2 and/or decreasing its ESR will reduce noise and ripple. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS NC 1 2 + C1 3 4 V+ BOOST/FC OSC CAP+ CAT661 GND LV CAP- OUT 8 VIN 7 1.5V to 5.5V 6 5 + Figure 8: Voltage Inverter Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K 10 C2 VOUT = -VIN CAT661 POSITIVE VOLTAGE DOUBLER The voltage doubler circuit shown in figure 9 gives VOUT = 2 x VIN for input voltages from 2.5V to 5.5V. 1N5817* 1 2 + 3 VIN 4 2.5V to 5.5V V+ BOOST/FC OSC CAP+ CAT661 GND LV CAP- OUT 8 7 VOUT = 2VIN + 6 5 *SCHOTTKY DIODE IS FOR START-UP ONLY Figure 9: Voltage Doubler PRECISION VOLTAGE DIVIDER A precision voltage divider is shown in figure 10. With load currents under 100nA, the voltage at pin 2 will be within 0.002% of V+/2 . 1 2 + V+ + 0.002% 2 IL < 100nA BOOST/FC V+ OSC CAP+ CAT661 8 7 3 GND LV 6 4 CAP- OUT 5 V+ 3V to 11V + Figure 10: Precision Voltage Divider (Load ≤ 100nA) 11 Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K CAT661 BATTERY VOLTAGE SPLITTER Positive and negative voltages that track each other can be obtained from a battery. Figure 11 shows how a 9V battery can provide symmetrical positive and negative voltages equal to one-half the battery voltage. BATTERY 9V 1 VBAT 2 + 3V < VBAT < 11V V+ BOOST/FC OSC CAP+ CAT661 V + BAT (4.5V) 2 8 7 3 GND LV 6 4 CAP- OUT 5 - VBAT (-4.5V) 2 + Figure 11: Battery Splitter CASCADE OPERATION FOR HIGHER NEGATIVE VOLTAGES The CAT661 can be cascaded as shown in figure 12 to generate more negative voltage levels. The output resistance is approximately the sum of the individual CAT661 output resistance. VOUT= -N x VIN, where N represents the number of cascaded devices. +VIN 8 2 C1 + 3 4 8 2 CAT661 "1" C1N + 3 5 CAT661 "N" 5 4 + C2 VOUT = -NVIN Figure 12: Cascading to Increase Output Voltage Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K 12 + C2 CAT661 PARALLEL OPERATION Paralleling CAT661 devices will lower output resistance. As shown in figure 13, each device requires its own pump capacitor, C2, but the output reservoir capacitor is shared with all devices. The value of C2 should be increased by a factor of N, where N is the number of devices. ROUT (of CAT661) ROUT = N (NUMBER OF DEVICES) +VIN 8 2 C1 + 3 4 8 2 CAT661 "1" C1N + 5 3 4 CAT661 "N" 5 + C2 Figure 13: Reduce Output Resistance by Paralleling Devices 13 Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K CAT661 PACKAGE OUTLINE DRAWINGS SOIC 8-Lead 150mils (V) E1 E SYMBOL MIN A 1.35 A1 0.10 0.25 b 0.33 0.51 MAX 1.75 c 0.19 0.25 D 4.80 5.00 E 5.80 6.20 E1 3.80 e PIN # 1 IDENTIFICATION NOM 4.00 1.27 BSC h 0.25 0.50 L 0.40 1.27 θ 0º 8º TOP VIEW D h A1 θ A c e b L SIDE VIEW END VIEW For current Tape and Reel information, download the PDF file from: http://www.catsemi.com/documents/tapeandreel.pdf. Notes: 1. Al dimensions are in millimeters. Angles in degrees. 2. Complies with JEDEC standard MS-012. Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K 14 CAT661 PDIP 8-Lead 300mils (L) SYMBOL MIN NOM A A1 E1 5.33 0.38 A2 2.92 3.30 4.95 b 0.36 0.46 0.56 b2 1.14 1.52 1.78 c 0.20 0.25 0.36 D 9.02 9.27 10.16 E 7.62 7.87 8.25 e PIN # 1 IDENTIFICATION MAX 2.54 BSC E1 6.10 eB 7.87 L 2.92 6.35 7.11 10.92 3.30 3.80 D TOP VIEW E A2 A A1 c b2 L e eB b SIDE VIEW END VIEW For current Tape and Reel information, download the PDF file from: http://www.catsemi.com/documents/tapeandreel.pdf. Notes: 1. Al dimensions are in millimeters. Angles in degrees. 2. Complies with JEDEC standard MS-001. 15 Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K CAT661 EXAMPLE OF ORDERING INFORMATION Prefix CAT Optional Company ID Device # Suffix 661 Product Number 661 EVA Package ELA: PDIP EVA: SOIC T3 Tape & Reel T: Tape & Reel 3: 3000/Reel Notes: (1) All packages are RoHS-compliant (Lead-free, Halogen-free). (2) The standard lead finish is Matte-Tin. (3) The device used in the above example is a CAT661W-T3 (SOIC, Tape & Reel). Doc. No. MD-5003, Rev. K 16 REVISION HISTORY Date Rev. Reason 10/15/03 G Updated Description - eliminated Commercial temperature range 10/27/04 H Minor changes throughout data sheet 1/20/2005 I Changed ordering information for CAT661EXA to CAT661EVA 04/22/2005 J Changed ordering information for CAT661EXA-TE13 to CAT661EVA-TE13 Removed Preliminary Information from data sheet header 11/16/2007 K Update Features and Description Update Package Outline Drawings and remove TDFN Add Example of Ordering Information Add Ordering Part Number Add "MD-" to document number Copyrights, Trademarks and Patents © Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc. Trademarks and registered trademarks of Catalyst Semiconductor include each of the following: Adaptive Analog™, Beyond Memory™, DPP™, EZDim™, LDD™, MiniPot™, Quad-Mode™ and Quantum Charge Programmable™ Catalyst Semiconductor has been issued U.S. and foreign patents and has patent applications pending that protect its products. CATALYST SEMICONDUCTOR MAKES NO WARRANTY, REPRESENTATION OR GUARANTEE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING THE SUITABILITY OF ITS PRODUCTS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NOR THAT THE USE OF ITS PRODUCTS WILL NOT INFRINGE ITS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OR THE RIGHTS OF THIRD PARTIES WITH RESPECT TO ANY PARTICULAR USE OR APPLICATION AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF ANY SUCH USE OR APPLICATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES. Catalyst Semiconductor products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Catalyst Semiconductor product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Catalyst Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes to or discontinue any product or service described herein without notice. Products with data sheets labeled "Advance Information" or "Preliminary" and other products described herein may not be in production or offered for sale. Catalyst Semiconductor advises customers to obtain the current version of the relevant product information before placing orders. Circuit diagrams illustrate typical semiconductor applications and may not be complete. Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc. Corporate Headquarters 2975 Stender Way Santa Clara, CA 95054 Phone: 408.542.1000 Fax: 408.542.1200 www.catsemi.com Publication #: Revison: Issue date: MD-5003 K 11/16/07