TSC101 High side current sense amplifier Features ■ Independent supply and input common-mode voltages ■ Wide common-mode operating range: 2.8 to 30V ■ Wide common-mode surviving range: -0.3 to 60V (load-dump) ■ Wide supply voltage range: 4 to 24V ■ Low current consumption: ICC max = 300µA ■ Internally fixed gain: 20V/V, 50V/V or 100V/V ■ Buffered output L SOT23-5 (Plastic package) Pin connections (top view) Applications Out 1 ■ Automotive current monitoring ■ Notebook computers ■ DC motor control ■ Photovoltaic systems ■ Battery chargers ■ Precision current sources 5 Vcc Gnd 2 Vp 3 4 Vm Description The TSC101 measures a small differential voltage on a high-side shunt resistor and translates it into a ground-referenced output voltage. The gain is internally fixed. Wide input common-mode voltage range, low quiescent current, and tiny SOT23 packaging enable use in a wide variety of applications. Input common-mode and power supply voltages are independent. Common-mode voltage can range from 2.8V to 30V in operating conditions and up to 60V in absolute maximum ratings. Current consumption lower than 300µA and wide supply voltage range allow to connect the power supply to either side of the current measurement shunt with minimal error. October 2007 Rev 2 1/17 www.st.com 17 Application schematics and pin description 1 TSC101 Application schematics and pin description The TSC101 high-side current-sense amplifier features a 2.8V to 30V input common-mode range that is independent of supply voltage. The main advantage of this feature is to allow high-side current sensing at voltages much greater than the supply voltage (VCC). Figure 1. Application schematics Vsense Iload 2.8V to 30V Rsense 3 load 4 Vp Vm Rg1 Rg2 4V to 24V 5 VCC 1 Rg3 Out Vout=Av.Vsense Gnd 2 Table 1 describes the function of each pin. The pin positions are shown in the illustration on the cover page and in Figure 1 above. Table 1. 2/17 Pin descriptions Symbol Type Function Out Analog output The output voltage, proportional to the magnitude of the sense voltage Vp-Vm. Gnd Power supply Ground line. VCC Power supply Positive power supply line. Vp Analog input Connection for the external sense resistor. The measured current enters the shunt on the Vp side. Vm Analog input Connection for the external sense resistor. The measured current exits the shunt on the Vm side. TSC101 2 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Vid Vi Parameter Input pins differential voltage (Vp-Vm) Input pin voltages (Vp and Vm) (1) (1) Value Unit ±60 V -0.3 to 60 V -0.3 to 25 V VCC DC supply voltage Vout DC output pin voltage(1) -0.3 to VCC V Tstg Storage temperature -55 to 150 °C Maximum junction temperature 150 °C SOT23-5 thermal resistance junction to ambient 250 °C/W HBM: human body model(2) 2.5 kV 150 V Tj Rthja ESD (3) MM: machine model 1. Voltage values are measured with respect to the ground pin. 2. Human body model: A 100pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged through a 1.5kΩ resistor between two pins of the device. This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. 3. Machine model: A 200pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly between two pins of the device with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5Ω). This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. Table 3. Symbol Operating conditions Parameter Value Unit VCC DC supply voltage from Tmin to Tmax 4.0 to 24 V Toper Operational temperature range (Tmin to Tmax) -40 to 125 °C Vicm Common mode voltage range 2.8 to 30 V 3/17 Electrical characteristics TSC101 3 Electrical characteristics Table 4. Supply(1) Symbol ICC Parameter Total supply current Test conditions Min. Vsense=0V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Typ. Max. Unit 165 300 µA 1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb=25°C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out. Table 5. Symbol Input(1) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit CMR Common mode rejection Variation of Vout versus Vicm referred to input(2) 2.8V< Vicm < 30V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 90 105 dB SVR Supply voltage rejection Variation of Vout versus VCC(3) 4.0V< VCC < 24V Vsense=30mV Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 90 105 dB Vos Input offset voltage(4) Tamb= 25° C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax ±0.2 ±0.9 dVos/dT Input offset drift vs. T Tmin < Tamb < Tmax -3 Ilk Input leakage current VCC= 0V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Iib Input bias current Vsense= 0V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 5.5 ±1.5 ±2.3 mV µV/°C 1 µA 8 µA 1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb=25°C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out. 2. See Common mode rejection ratio (CMR) on page 11 for the definition of CMR. 3. See Supply voltage rejection ratio (SVR) on page 11 for the definition of SVR. 4. See Gain (Av) and input offset voltage (Vos) on page 11 for the definition of Vos. 4/17 TSC101 Table 6. Electrical characteristics Output(1) Symbol Parameter Test conditions Av Gain TSC101A TSC101B TSC101C ΔAv Gain accuracy Tamb=25°C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Output voltage drift vs. T(2) Tmin < Tamb < Tmax ΔVout/ΔT ΔVout/ΔIout Output stage load regulation Min. Typ. Max. 20 50 100 V/V ±2.5 ±4.5 0.4 -10mA < Iout <10mA Iout sink or source current 3 Unit % mV/°C 4 mV/mA ΔVout Total output voltage accuracy(3) Vsense=50mV Tamb=25° C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax ±2.5 ±4.5 % ΔVout Total output voltage accuracy Vsense=100mV Tamb=25° C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax ±3.5 ±5 % ΔVout Total output voltage accuracy Vsense=20mV Tamb=25° C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax ±8 ±11 % ΔVout Total output voltage accuracy Vsense=10mV Tamb=25° C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax ±15 ±20 % Isc-sink Short-circuit sink current Out connected to VCC, Vsense=-1V 30 60 mA Short-circuit source current Out connected to Gnd Vsense=1V 15 26 mA Voh Output stage high-state saturation voltage Voh=VCC-Vout Vsense=1V Iout=1mA 0.8 1 V Vol Output stage low-state saturation voltage Vsense=-1V Iout=1mA 50 100 mV Isc-source 1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb=25°C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out. 2. See Output voltage drift versus temperature on page 12 for the definition. 3. Output voltage accuracy is the difference with the expected theoretical output voltage Vout-th=Av*Vsense. See Output voltage accuracy on page 13 for a more detailed definition. 5/17 Electrical characteristics Table 7. Frequency response(1) Symbol ts SR BW TSC101 Parameter Test conditions Output settling to 1% final value Vsense=10mV to 100mV, Cload=47pF TSC101A TSC101B TSC101C Slew rate Vsense=10mV to 100mV 3dB bandwidth Cload=47pF, Vsense=100mV TSC101A TSC101B TSC101C Min. 0.55 Typ. Max. Unit 3 6 10 µs 0.9 V/µs 500 670 450 kHz 1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb=25°C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out. Table 8. Symbol Noise(1) Parameter Total output voltage noise Test conditions Min. Typ. 50 Max. Unit nV/√ Hz 1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb=25°C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out. Electrical characteristics curves In all of the electrical characteristics curves that follow, the tested device is a TSC101C, and the test conditions are Tamb=25°C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out unless otherwise specified. 6/17 TSC101 Electrical characteristics Figure 2. Supply current vs. supply voltage (Vsense= 0V) Figure 3. Supply current vs. Vsense 500 260 450 240 T=- 40°C 220 400 T=25°C T=25°C 350 300 I CC (µA) 200 I CC (µA) T=- 40°C 180 250 200 160 150 T=125°C 140 T=125°C 100 120 50 100 0 5 Figure 4. 10 15 VCC (V) 20 25 30 -120 -80 Vp pin input bias current vs. Vsense Figure 5. -40 T=25°C 35 T=- 40°C Iib (µA) I ib (µA) 9 8 6 T=25°C 25 20 5 T=125°C 4 15 3 10 2 5 1 T=125°C 0 0 0 40 80 120 Vsense (mV) Figure 6. 120 7 30 -40 80 10 T=- 40°C 40 -80 40 Vm pin input bias current vs. Vsense 45 -120 0 0 Vsense (mV) -120 -80 -40 0 Vsense (mV) 40 80 120 Minimum common mode operating voltage vs. temperature 2.8 2.7 VCC=5V 2.6 Voltage (V) 2.5 2.4 2.3 VCC=12V 2.2 2.1 2 1.9 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 T (°C) 7/17 Electrical characteristics Figure 7. TSC101 Output stage low-state saturation voltage versus output current (Vsense= -1V) Figure 8. Output stage high-state saturation voltage versus output current (Vsense= +1V) 2000 400 300 output stage sinking current 250 T=125°C 350 200 output stage sourcing current Voh (mV) Vol (mV) output stage sourcing current T=25°C output stage sinking current 1500 T=- 40°C 1000 150 500 100 50 T=125°C T=- 40°C -10 -5 Figure 9. -10 0 -50 Iout (mA) 5 T=25°C 0 0 -5 0 10 5 10 I out (mA) Output short-circuit source current Figure 10. Output short-circuit sink current versus temperature (Out pin versus temperature (Out pin connected to ground) connected to VCC) 70 34 68 32 64 28 62 Iout (µA) Iout (µA) 66 30 26 60 58 56 24 54 22 52 20 -50 -25 50 0 25 50 75 100 125 T (°C) 10 0 Vout -Vout0 (mV) -5 0 T=- 40°C T=25°C 5 -10 -20 T=125°C -30 output stage sourcing current -40 -50 Iout (mA) 8/17 -25 0 25 50 T (°C) Figure 11. Output stage load regulation -10 -50 output stage sinking current 10 75 100 125 TSC101 Electrical characteristics Figure 12. Input offset drift versus temperature Figure 13. Output voltage drift versus temperature 300 80 200 60 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -100 -200 Vout - Vout (25°C) (mV) Vos - Vos (25°C) (µV) 100 40 20 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -20 -300 -40 -400 -60 -500 T (°C) T (°C) Figure 14. Bode diagram (Vsense=100mV) Figure 15. Power-supply rejection ratio versus frequency 50 110 40 100 30 90 TSC101C 10 PSRR (dB) Gain (dB) 20 TSC101B 0 TSC101A 80 70 -10 60 -20 -30 50 -40 40 1.E+01 -50 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 1.E+06 1.E+07 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 Frequency (Hz) Frequency (Hz) Figure 16. Total output voltage accuracy versus Vsense Vout accuracy 100% T=25°C 10% Tmin < T < Tmax 1% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Vsense (mV) 9/17 Electrical characteristics TSC101 Figure 17. Output voltage versus Vsense Figure 18. Output voltage versus Vsense (detail for low Vsense values) 12 1.0 0.9 10 0.8 0.6 Vout (V) Vout (V) 6 TSC101A 0.5 0.3 TSC101B 2 0.2 TSC101C 0 100 200 300 TSC101A 0.1 0 400 500 600 700 Vsense (mV) -4 0.0 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 Vsense (mV) Figure 19. Step response Timebase 5µs/div Vsense 100mV/div TSC101C TSC101B TSC101A Vout 2V/div 10/17 TSC101B 0.4 4 -100 TSC101C 0.7 8 12 14 16 18 20 TSC101 4 Parameter definitions Parameter definitions Common mode rejection ratio (CMR) The common-mode rejection ratio (CMR) measures the ability of the current-sensing amplifier to reject any DC voltage applied on both inputs Vp and Vm. The CMR is referred back to the input so that its effect can be compared with the applied differential signal. The CMR is defined by the formula: ΔV out CMR = – 20 ⋅ log -----------------------------ΔV icm ⋅ Av Supply voltage rejection ratio (SVR) The supply-voltage rejection ratio (SVR) measures the ability of the current-sensing amplifier to reject any variation of the supply voltage VCC. The SVR is referred back to the input so that its effect can be compared with the applied differential signal. The SVR is defined by the formula: ΔV out SVR = – 20 ⋅ log ----------------------------ΔV CC ⋅ Av Gain (Av) and input offset voltage (Vos) The input offset voltage is defined as the intersection between the linear regression of the Vout versus Vsense curve with the X-axis (see Figure 20). If Vout1 is the output voltage with Vsense=Vsense1=50mV and Vout2 is the output voltage with Vsense=Vsense2=5mV, then Vos can be calculated with the following formula: V sense1 – V sense2 V os = V sense1 – ⎛ ------------------------------------------------ ⋅ V out1⎞ ⎝ V out1 – V out2 ⎠ The amplification gain Av is defined as the ratio between output voltage and input differential voltage: V out Av = ----------------V sense 11/17 Parameter definitions TSC101 Figure 20. Vout versus Vsense characteristics: detail for low Vsense values Vout1 Vout2 Vsense Vos 5mV 50mV Output voltage drift versus temperature The output voltage drift versus temperature is defined as the maximum variation of Vout with respect to its value at 25°C, over the temperature range. It is calculated as follows: ΔV out V out ( T amb ) – V out ( 25° C ) ----------------- = max -------------------------------------------------------------------------ΔT T amb – 25° C with Tmin < Tamb < Tmax. Figure 21 provides a graphical definition of output voltage drift versus temperature. On this chart, Vout is always comprised in the area defined by dotted lines representing the maximum and minimum variation of Vout versus T. Figure 21. Output voltage drift versus temperature 80 Vout - Vout (25°C) (mV) 60 40 20 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 -20 -40 -60 T (°C) 12/17 75 100 125 TSC101 Parameter definitions Output voltage accuracy The output voltage accuracy is the difference between the actual output voltage and the theoretical output voltage. Ideally, the current sensing output voltage should be equal to the input differential voltage multiplied by the theoretical gain, as in the following formula: Vout-th=Av . Vsense The actual value is very slightly different, mainly due to the effects of: ● the input offset voltage Vos, ● non-linearity Figure 22. Vout vs. Vsense theoretical and actual characteristics Vout actual ideal Vout accuracy for Vsense= 10mV Vsense 10mV The output voltage accuracy, expressed in percentage, can be calculated with the following formula: abs ( V out – ( A v ⋅ V sense ) ) ΔV out = ------------------------------------------------------------------------A v ⋅ V sense with Av=20V/V for TSC101A, Av=50V/V for TSC101B and Av=100V/V for TSC101C. 13/17 Application information 5 TSC101 Application information The TSC101 can be used to measure current and to feed back the information to a microcontroller, as shown in Figure 23. Figure 23. Typical application schematic Vsense Iload 2.8V to 30V Rsense load Vp Vm Rg1 Rg2 TSC101 5V Vreg VCC VCC ADC Rg3 Out Microcontroller Vout Gnd Gnd The current from the supply flows to the load through the Rsense resistor causing a voltage drop equal to Vsense across Rsense. The amplifier input currents are negligible, therefore its inverting input voltage is equal to Vm. The amplifier's open-loop gain forces its non-inverting input to the same voltage as the inverting input. As a consequence, the amplifier adjusts current flowing through Rg1 so that the voltage drop across Rg1 exactly matches Vsense. Therefore, the drop across Rg1 is: VRg1=Vsense=Rsense.Iload If IRg1 is the current flowing through Rg1, then IRg1 is given by the formula: IRg1=Vsense/Rg1 The IRg1 current flows entirely into resistor Rg3 (the input bias current of the buffer is negligible). Therefore, the voltage drop on the Rg3 resistor can be calculated as follows: VRg3=Rg3.IRg1=(Rg3/Rg1).Vsense Because the voltage across the Rg3 resistor is buffered to the Out pin, Vout can be expressed as: Vout=(Rg3/Rg1).Vsense or Vout=(Rg3/Rg1).Rsense.Iload The resistor ratio Rg3/Rg1 is internally set to 20V/V for TSC101A, to 50V/V for TSC101B and to 100V/V for TSC101C. The Rsense resistor and the Rg3/Rg1 resistor ratio (equal to Av) are important parameters because they define the full scale output range of your application. Therefore, they must be selected carefully. 14/17 TSC101 6 Package information Package information In order to meet environmental requirements, STMicroelectronics offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an STMicroelectronics trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. Figure 24. SOT23-5 package Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Min. Typ. Mils Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 0.90 1.45 35.4 57.1 A1 0.00 0.15 0.00 5.9 A2 0.90 1.30 35.4 51.2 b 0.35 0.50 13.7 19.7 C 0.09 0.20 3.5 7.8 D 2.80 3.00 110.2 118.1 E 2.60 3.00 102.3 118.1 E1 1.50 1.75 59.0 68.8 e 0.95 37.4 e1 1.9 74.8 L 0.35 0.55 13.7 21.6 15/17 Ordering information TSC101 7 Ordering information Table 9. Order codes Part number Temperature range Package Packaging TSC101AILT TSC101BILT -40°C, +125°C SOT23-5 Tape & reel TSC101CILT (1) TSC101AIYLT TSC101BIYLT(1) -40°C, +125°C (1) SOT23-5 (Automotive grade) Tape & reel TSC101CIYLT Marking Gain O104 20 O105 50 O106 100 O101 20 O102 50 O103 100 1. Qualification and characterization according to AEC Q100 and Q003 or equivalent, advanced screening according to AEC Q001 & Q 002 or equivalent are on-going. 8 Revision history Table 10. Document revision history Date Revision 5-Mar-2007 Rev 1 First release, preliminary data. Rev 2 Document status promoted from preliminary data to datasheet. Added test results in electrical characteristics tables. Added electrical characteristics curves. 22-Oct-2007 16/17 Changes TSC101 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale. Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. 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