M TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 Inverting Charge Pump Voltage Doublers with Active High Shutdown Features General Description • • • • • • • The TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 are CMOS charge pump converters that provide an inverted doubled output from a single positive supply. An on-board oscillator provides the clock and only three external capacitors are required for full circuit implementation. Switching frequencies are 12kHz for the TC1682, 35kHz for the TC1683, and 125kHz for the TC1684. When the SHDN pin is held at a logic high, the device goes into a very low power mode of operation consuming less than 1µA (typ) of supply current. Small 8-Pin MSOP Package Operates from 1.8V to 5.5V 120 Ohms (typ) Output Resistance 99% Voltage Conversion Efficiency Only 3 External Capacitors Required Power-Saving Shutdown Mode Low Active Supply Current - 95µA (typ) for TC1682 - 225µA (typ) for TC1683 - 700µA (typ) for TC1684 • Fully Compatible with 1.8V Logic Systems Applications • • • • • LCD Panel Bias Cellular Phones PA Bias Pagers PDAs, Portable Data Loggers Battery-Powered Devices Low output source impedance (typically 120Ω), provides output current up to 10mA. The TC1682/ TC1683/TC1684 feature a 1.8V to 5.5V operating voltage range and high efficiency, which make them an ideal choice for a wide variety of applications requiring a negative doubled voltage derived from a single positive supply (for example: generation of -7.2V from a +3.6V lithium cell or -10V generated from a +5V logic supply). The minimum external part count, small physical size and shutdown mode feature make this family of products useful for a wide variety of negative bias power supply applications. Device Selection Table Part Number Package Osc. Freq. (kHz) Operating Temp. Range TC1682EUA 8-Pin MSOP 12 -40°C to +85°C TC1683EUA 8-Pin MSOP 35 -40°C to +85°C TC1684EUA 8-Pin MSOP 125 -40°C to +85°C Functional Block Diagram + C1 C1+ C1– C2+ + C2 Package Type C2– 8-Pin MSOP VIN SHDN TC1682 TC1683 TC1684 Input OFF ON VOUT = -(2 x VIN) GND VOUT C1– 1 C2+ 2 C2– 3 VOUT 4 TC1682 TC1683 TC1684 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. 8 SHDN 7 C1+ 6 VIN 5 GND – C OUT + C1 must have a voltage rating ≥ VIN C2 and COUT must have a voltage rating ≥ 2VIN DS21537B-page 1 TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS *Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Absolute Maximum Ratings* Input Voltage (VIN to GND)....................... +6.0V, -0.3V Output Voltage (VOUT to GND)............... -12.0V, +0.3V Current at VOUT Pin.............................................20mA Short-Circuit Duration VOUT to GND ..............Indefinite Power Dissipation (TA ≤ 70°C) 8-Pin MSOP .............................................320mW Operating Temperature Range.............-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature (Unbiased) .......-65°C to +150°C TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Electrical Characteristics: TA = -40°C to +85°C, VIN = +5V, C1 = C2 = 3.3µF (TC1682), C1 = C2 = 1µF (TC1683), C1 = C2 = 0.33µF (TC1684), SHDN = GND, Typical values are at TA = +25°C Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units Device Test Conditions IDD Supply Current — — — 95 225 700 160 480 1500 µA TC1682 TC1683 TC1684 ISHDN Shutdown Supply Current — 0.5 2 µA All SHDN = VIN = +5V VMIN Minimum Supply Voltage 1.8 — — V All RLOAD = 1kΩ VMAX Maximum Supply Voltage — — 5.5 V All RLOAD = 1kΩ FOSC Oscillator Frequency 8.4 24.5 65 12 35 125 15.6 45.5 170 kHz VIH SHDN Input Logic High 1.4 — — V All VIL SHDN Input Logic Low — — 0.4 V All VIN = VMIN to VMAX VEFF Voltage Conversion Efficiency 95 99 — % All RLOAD = ∞ ROUT Output Resistance — 120 170 Ω All ILOAD = 0.5mA to 10mA (Note 1) TWK Wake-up Time From Shutdown Mode — — — 1800 600 200 — — — µsec TC1682 TC1683 TC1684 RLOAD = 2kΩ Note 1: TC1682 TC1683 TC1684 VIN = VMIN to VMAX Capacitor contribution is approximately 20% of the output impedance (ESR = 1/ pump frequency x capacitance). DS21537B-page 2 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 2.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 2-1. TABLE 2-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLE Pin No. (8-Pin MSOP) Symbol 1 C1– C1 commutation capacitor negative terminal. 2 C2+ C2 commutation capacitor positive terminal. 3 C2– C2 commutation capacitor negative terminal. 4 VOUT Doubling inverting charge pump output (-2 x VIN). 5 GND Ground. 6 VIN 7 C1+ 8 SHDN 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. Description Positive power supply input. C1 commutation capacitor positive terminal. Shutdown input (active high). DS21537B-page 3 TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 3.0 DETAILED DESCRIPTION The TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 inverting charge pump converters perform a -2x multiplication of the voltage applied to the VIN pin. Conversion is performed using two synchronous switching matrices and three external capacitors. When the shutdown input is held at a logic high, the device goes into a very low power mode of operation consuming less than 1µA of supply current. Figure 3-1 is a block diagram representation of the TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 architecture. The first switching stage inverts the voltage present at VIN and the second stage uses the ‘-VIN’ output generated from the first stage to produce the ‘-2X’ output function from the second stage switching matrix. FIGURE 3-1: Each device contains an on-board oscillator that synchronously controls the operation of the charge pump switching matrices. The TC1682 synchronously switches at 12kHz, the TC1683 synchronously switches at 35kHz, and the TC1684 synchronously switches at 125kHz. The different oscillator frequencies for this device family allow the user to trade-off capacitor size versus supply current. Faster oscillators can use smaller external capacitors, but will consume more supply current (see Section 1.0 Electrical Characteristics). When the shutdown input is in a high state, the oscillator and both switch matrices are powered off placing the TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 in the shutdown mode. When the VIN supply input is powered from an external battery, the shutdown mode minimizes power consumption, which in turn will extend the life of the battery. TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 ARCHITECTURE VIN + -VIN C1 Switch Matrix (1st Stage) ENABLE Oscillator ENABLE + VOUT = -2VIN C2 Switch Matrix (2nd Stage) COUT + ENABLE SHDN DS21537B-page 4 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 4.0 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION 4.3 4.1 Output Voltage Considerations The VIN input should be capacitively bypassed to reduce AC impedance and minimize noise effects due to the switching internal to the device. It is recommended that a large value capacitor (at least equal to C1) be connected from VIN to GND for optimal circuit performance. The TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 perform inverting voltage conversions but do not provide any type of regulation. The output voltage will droop in a linear manner with respect to the output load current. The value of the equivalent output resistance is approximately 120Ω nominal at +25°C and VIN = +5V. In this particular case, the output is approximately -10V at very light loads and will droop according to the equation below: VDROOP = IOUT x ROUT 4.2 Capacitor Selection In order to maintain the lowest output resistance and output ripple voltage, it is recommended that low ESR capacitors be used. Additionally, larger values of C1 and C2 will lower the output resistance and larger values of COUT will reduce output ripple. Note: For proper charge pump operation, C1 must have a voltage rating greater than or equal to VIN, while C2 and COUT must have a voltage rating greater than or equal to 2VIN. Table 4-1 shows various values of C1/C2 and the corresponding output resistance values for VIN = 5V @ +25°C. Table 4-2 shows the output voltage ripple for various values of COUT (again assuming VIN = 5V @ +25°C). The VRIPPLE values assume a 1mA output load current and a 0.1Ω ESRCOUT. Input Supply Bypassing 4.4 Shutdown Input The TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 is enabled when SHDN is low, and disabled when SHDN is high. This input cannot be allowed to float. (If SHDN is not required, see the TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 data sheet.) The SHDN input should be limited to 0.3V above VIN. 4.5 Inverting Voltage Doubler The most common application for the TC1682/TC1683/ TC1684 devices is the inverting voltage doubler (Figure 4-1). This application uses three external capacitors: C1, C2 and COUT. Note: A power supply bypass capacitor is recommended. The output is equal to -2VIN plus any voltage drops due to loading. Refer to Table 4-1 and Table 4-2 for capacitor selection guidelines. FIGURE 4-1: VIN CIN + + TABLE 4-1: TC1683 ROUT(Ω) TC1684 ROUT(Ω) 0.33 633 184 120 1 262 120 102 3.3 120 95 84 TABLE 4-2: OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE VS. COUT2 (ESR = 0.1Ω) IOUT = 1mA COUT (µF) TC1682 VRIPPLE (mV) TC1683 VRIPPLE (mV) TC1684 VRIPPLE (mV) 0.33 192 60 27 1 63 21 16 3.3 17 8 7 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. 7 C1+ 1 C1– 2 C2+ 6 VIN 8 SHDN C1 OUTPUT RESISTANCE VS. C1/C2 (ESR = 0.1Ω) TC1682 ROUT(Ω) C1, C2 (µF) INVERTING VOLTAGE DOUBLER TEST CIRCUIT + TC1682 TC1683 TC1684 C2 VOUT 3 Device TC1682 TC1683 TC1684 4.6 C2– CIN 3.3µF 1µF 0.33µF 4 VOUT COUT C1 3.3µF 1µF 0.33µF RL + GND 5 C2 3.3µF 1µF 0.33µF COUT 3.3µF 1µF 0.33µF Layout Considerations As with any switching power supply circuit, good layout practice is recommended. Mount components as close together as possible to minimize stray inductance and capacitance. Also use a large ground plane to minimize noise leakage into other circuitry. DS21537B-page 5 TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 5.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 5.1 Package Marking Information Package marking data not available at this time. 5.2 Taping Form Component Taping Orientation for 8-Pin MSOP Devices User Direction of Feed PIN 1 P Standard Reel Component Orientation for TR Suffix Device Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size Package 8-Pin MSOP 5.3 Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size 12 mm 8 mm 2500 13 in Package Dimensions 8-Pin MSOP PIN 1 .122 (3.10) .114 (2.90) .197 (5.00) .189 (4.80) .026 (0.65) TYP. .122 (3.10) .114 (2.90) .043 (1.10) MAX. .016 (0.40) .010 (0.25) .006 (0.15) .002 (0.05) .008 (0.20) .005 (0.13) 6° MAX. .028 (0.70) .016 (0.40) Dimensions: inches (mm) DS21537B-page 6 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 Sales and Support Data Sheets Products supported by a preliminary Data Sheet may have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences and recommended workarounds. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please contact one of the following: 1. 2. 3. Your local Microchip sales office The Microchip Corporate Literature Center U.S. FAX: (480) 792-7277 The Microchip Worldwide Site (www.microchip.com) Please specify which device, revision of silicon and Data Sheet (include Literature #) you are using. New Customer Notification System Register on our web site (www.microchip.com/cn) to receive the most current information on our products. 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21537B-page7 TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 NOTES: DS21537B-page8 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. TC1682/TC1683/TC1684 Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended through suggestion only and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. No representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights. 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