TI UC28025N

SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
FEATURES
D Peak Current Mode, Average Current Mode,
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
DESCRIPTION
The UC28023 and UC28025 are fixed-frequency
PWM controllers optimized for high-frequency
switched-mode power supply applications. The
UC28023 is a single output PWM for single-ended
topologies while the UC28025 offers dual
alternating outputs for double-ended and full
bridge topologies.
or Voltage Mode (with Feed-Forward) Control
Methods
Practical Operation Up to 1 MHz
50-ns Propagation Delay to Output
±1.5-A Peak Totem Pole Outputs
9-V to 30-V Nominal Operational Voltage
Range
Wide Bandwidth Error Amplifier
Fully Latched Logic with Double Pulse
Suppression
Pulse-by-Pulse Current Limiting
Programmable Maximum Duty Cycle Control
Under−Voltage Lockout with Hysteresis
Trimmed 5.1-V Reference with UVLO
Same Functionality as UC3823 and UC3825
Targeted for cost effective solutions with minimal
external components, UC2802x include an
oscillator, a temperature compensated reference,
a wide band width error amplifier, a high-speed
current-sense comparator and high-current
active-high totem-pole outputs to directly drive
external MOSFETs.
Protection circuitry includes a current limit
comparator with a 1-V threshold, a TTL
compatible shutdown port, and a soft-start pin
which will double as a maximum duty cycle clamp.
The logic is fully latched to provide jitter free
operation and prohibit multiple pulses at an
output. An undervoltage lockout section with
800 mV of hysteresis assures low start-up
current. During undervoltage lockout, the outputs
are high impedance. Particular care was given to
minimizing propagation delays through the
comparators and logic circuitry while maximizing
bandwidth and slew rate of the error amplifier.
APPLICATIONS
D Off-Line and DC/DC Power Supplies
D Converters Using Voltage Mode, Peak
D
Current Mode, or Average Current Mode
Control Methods
Single-Ended or Two-Switch Topology
Designs
Devices are available in the industrial temperature
range of −40°C to 105°C. Package offerings are
16-pin SOICW (DW), or 16-pin PDIP (N)
packages.
ORDERING INFORMATION
TA = TJ
−40°C to 105°C
PACKAGED DEVICES
OUTPUT
CONFIGURATION
EXTERNAL CURRENT
LIMIT REFERENCE
PDIP-16 (N)
SOICW−16 (DW)
Single
Yes
UC28023N
UC28023DW
Dual Alternating
No
UC28025N
UC28025DW
(1) The DW package are also available taped and reeled. Add an R suffix to the device type (i.e., UC28023DWR (2,000 devices per reel).
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!%"!/ (( &%!%"*
Copyright  2004, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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1
SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
over operating free-air temperature range unless otherwise noted(1)
Input voltage range,
Output current, IOUT(DC)
Peak output current, pulsed 0.5 ms IOUT(pulsed)
UC28023
UC28025
RATING
UNIT
VC, VCC
OUT
VC, VCC
OUTA, OUTB
30
V
±0.5
A
OUT
OUTA, OUTB
±2.0
A
200
pF
Capacitive load, CLOAD
Analog inputs
Output current, IREF
Output current, ICLOCK
INV, NI, RAMP
INV, NI, RAM
−0.3 V to 7 V
A
SS, ILIM/SD
SS, ILIM/SD
±2.0
A
VREF
VREF
10
CLOCK
CLOCK
−5
Soft-start sink current, ISINK_SS
Output current, IOUT(EA)
SS
SS
5
EAOUT
EAOUT
20
RT
RT
−5
Oscillator charging current, IOSC_CHG
Power Dissipation at TA = 25°C (all packages)
1
Operating junction temperature range, TJ
−55 to 150
Storage temperature, Tstg
−65 to 150
mA
W
°C
C
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds, Tsol
300
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only,
and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is
not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. All voltages are with respect to
GND. All currents are positive into and negative out of the specified terminal.
UC28023
N PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
INV
NI
EAOUT
CLOCK
RT
CT
RAMP
SS
1
16
2
15
3
14
4
13
5
12
6
11
7
10
8
9
UC28023
DW PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
VREF
VCC
OUT
VC
PGND
ILIMREF
GND
ILIM/SD
INV
NI
EAOUT
CLOCK
RT
CT
RAMP
SS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
1
16
2
15
3
14
4
13
5
12
6
11
7
10
8
9
VREF
VCC
OUT
VC
PGND
ILIMREF
GND
ILIM/SD
UC28025
DW PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
UC28025
N PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
INV
NI
EAOUT
CLOCK
RT
CT
RAMP
SS
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
VREF
VCC
OUTB
VC
PGND
OUTA
GND
ILIM/SD
INV
NI
EAOUT
CLOCK
RT
CT
RAMP
SS
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
VREF
VCC
OUTB
VC
PGND
OUTA
GND
ILIM/SD
SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TA = −40°C to 105°C , TJ = TA, RT = 3.65 kΩ, CT = 1 nF, VCC = 15 V (unless otherwise noted)
TEST CONDITIONS
PARAMETER
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
5.05
5.10
5.15
V
2
15
5
15
REFERENCE
VREF
Reference voltage
TJ = 25°C,
IREF = 1 mA
10 V ≤ VCC ≤ 30 V
Line regulation voltage
1 mA ≤ IREF ≤ 10 mA
Load regulation voltage
Temperature stability(1)
T(min) < TA < T(max)
Line, load, temperature
Total output voltage variation(1)
Output noise voltage(1)
10 Hz < f < 10 kHz
Long term stability voltage(1)
TJ = 125°C,
VREF = 0 V
ISS
Short circuit current
OSCILLATOR
fOSC
Initial accuracy(1)
VCLOCK_H
VCLOCK_L
VRAMP(p)
VRAMP(v)
0.2
4.95
0.4
mV/°C
5.25
V
µV
50
1000 hours
Voltage stability(1)
TJ = 25°C
10 V ≤ VCC ≤ 30 V
Temperature stability(1)
Total voltage variation(1)
T(min) < TA < T(max)
Line, temperature
5
25
mV
−20
−50
−100
mA
360
400
440
kHz
0.2%
2.0%
5%
340
460
High-level clock output voltage
3.9
Low-level clock output voltage
Ramp peak voltage(1)
2.3
2.9
2.6
2.8
3.0
0.70
1.00
1.25
1.6
1.8
2.0
Ramp valley voltage(1)
VRAMP(v-p) Ramp vally-to-peak voltage(1)
ERROR AMPLIFIER
Input offset voltage
Input bias current
0.6
3.0
15
IIN
AVOL
Input offset current
0.1
1.0
Open loop gain
1 V ≤ VOUT ≤ 4 V
60
95
CMRR
Common mode rejection ratio
1.5 V ≤ VCM ≤ 5.5 V
75
95
PSRR
Power supply rejection ratio
10 V ≤ VCC ≤ 30 V
85
110
IOUT(sink)
Output sink current
IOUT(src)
VOH
Output source current
V(EAOUT) = 1 V
V(EAOUT) = 4 V
VOL
Low-level output voltage
Unity gain bandwidth(1)
I(EAOUT) = −0.5 mA
I(EAOUT) = 1 mA
Slew rate(1)
kHz
4.5
VIN
IBIAS
High-level output voltage
mV
V
mV
µA
A
dB
1.0
2.5
−0.5
−1.3
4.0
4.7
5.0
0
0.5
1.0
3.0
5.5
MHz
6
12
V/µs
80%
90%
40%
45%
mA
V
PWM COMPARATOR
IBIAS
RAMP bias current
VRAMP = 0 V
UC28023
Maximum duty cycle
Minimum duty cycle
UC28025
(2)
−1
−5
UC28023
0%
UC28025
0%
EAOUT zero DC threshold
VRAMP = 0 V
tDELAY
Delay to output time(1)
(1) Ensured by design. Not production tested.
(2) Tested as 80% minimum for the oscillator which is the equivalent of 40% for UC28025.
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1.10
µA
1.25
1.40
V
50
100
ns
3
SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TA = −40°C to 105°C , TJ = TA, RT = 3.65 kΩ, CT = 1 nF, VCC = 15 V (unless otherwise noted)
TEST CONDITIONS
PARAMETER
MIN
TYP
MAX
3
9
20
1.0
7.5
UNIT
SOFT-START
ICHG
IDISCHG
Charge current
VSS = 0.5 V
VSS = 1.0 V
Discharge current
µA
mA
CURRENT LIMIT/SHUTDOWN
µA
15
mV
Current limit bias current
Offset voltage
UC28023
ILIMREF
Common mode range(1)
UC28023
1.00
Current limit threshold voltage
UC28025
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.25
1.40
1.55
50
80
0.25
0.40
1.2
2.2
tDELAY
OUTPUT
VOL
VOH
0 V < V(ILIM/SD) < 4 V
±10
ILIMIT
ILIMIT
Shutdown threshold voltage
Delay to output time(1)
1.25
V
ns
Low-level output voltage
IOUT = 20 mA
IOUT = 200 mA
13.0
High-level output voltage
IOUT = −20 mA
IOUT = −200 mA
12
13
VC = 30 V
CLOAD = 1 nF
100
500
µA
30
60
ns
Start threshold voltage
8.8
9.2
9.6
Hysteresis
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.1
2.0
25
35
Collector leakage
Rise time / Fall time(1)
V
13.5
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (UVLO)
V
SUPPLY CURRENT
Start-up current
ICC
Operating current
(1) Ensured by design. Not production tested.
VCC = 8 V
VINV = VRAMP = VILIM = 0 VINV = 1 V
THERMAL RESISTANCE
PACKAGE
N(2)
DW(2)
θJA (°C/W)
90(2)
50−100(2)
θJC (°C/W)
45
27
(2) Specified θJA (junction-to-ambient) is for devices mountied to 5-square-inch FR4 PC board with one ounce copper
where noted. When resistance range is given, lower values are for 5-square-inch aluminum PC board. Test PWB is 0.062
inches thick and typically uses 0.635 mm trace width for power packages and 1.3 mm trace widths for non-power
packages with a 100x100 mil probe land area at the end of each trace.
4
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mA
SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
CLOCK 4
UC28025
RT
5
CT
6
11 OUTA
PWM
Latch
+
1.25 V
RAMP 7
13 VC
Toggle F/F
OSCILLATOR
T
R
14 OUTB
SD
EAOUT 3
Wide Bandwidth
Error Amplifier
NI
12 PGND
2
VIN
+
INV
9 µA
1
UC28023
Inhibit
13 VC
14 OUT
SS
8
12 PGND
1V
(UC28025 Only)
ILIMREF 11
(UC28023
Only)
ILIM
Comparator
1V
Shutdown
Comparator
ILIM/SD 9
Internal Bias
1.4 V
16 VREF
VCC 15
VCC Good
REF GEN
9V
GND 10
VREF Good
4V
UVLO
Output Inhibit
UDG−03048
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5
SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
TERMINAL FUNCTIONS
TERMINAL
NAME
I/O
DESCRIPTION
UC28023
UC28025
CLOCK
4
4
O
Output of the internal oscillator
CT
6
6
I
Timing capacitor connection pin for oscillator frequency programming. The timing capacitor should
be connected to the device ground using minimal trace length.
EAOUT
3
3
O
Output of the error amplifier for compensation
GND
10
10
−
Analog ground return pin.
ILIM/SD
9
9
I
Input to the current limit comparator and the shutdown comparator.
ILIMREF
11
−
I
Pin to set the current limit threshold externally.
INV
1
1
I
Inverting input to the error amplifier
NI
2
2
I
Non-inverting input to the error amplifier
OUT
14
−
O
High current totem pole output of the on-chip drive stage.
OUTA
−
11
O
High current totem pole output A of the on-chip drive stage.
OUTB
−
14
O
High current totem pole output B of the on-chip drive stage.
PGND
12
12
−
Ground return pin for the output driver stage
RAMP
7
7
I
Non-inverting input to the PWM comparator with 1.25-V internal input offset. In voltage mode
operation this serves as the input voltage feed-forward function by using the CT ramp. In peak
current mode operation, this serves as the slope compensation input.
RT
5
5
I
Timing resistor connection pin for oscillator frequency programming
SS
8
8
I
Soft-start input pin which also doubles as the maximum duty cycle clamp.
VC
13
13
−
Power supply pin for the output stage. This pin should be bypassed with a 0.1-µF monolithic
ceramic low ESL capacitor with minimal trace lengths.
VCC
15
15
−
Power supply pin for the device. This pin should be bypassed with a 0.1-µF monolithic ceramic
low ESL capacitor with minimal trace lengths
VREF
16
16
O
5.1−V reference. For stability, the reference should be bypassed with a 0.1-µF monolithic ceramic
low ESL capacitor and minimal trace length to the ground plane.
6
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SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
APPLICATION INFORMATION
+
VIN
42 V to 56 V
VOUT 5 V
1 A to 10 A
390 Ω
−
+
0.1 µF
15
13
VCC
VC
4.7 µF
15 V
0.8 µH
1N 5820
16 VREF
OUTB 14
6 µF
1 kΩ
−
5:1
10 kΩ
2 NI
OUTA 11
100 Ω
4.7 µF 12 Ω
1 kΩ
4.3 kΩ
UC28025
4.7 µF
1 kΩ
1 INV
150 pF
ILIM/SD 9
1 nF
22 pF
3.3 kΩ
3 EAOUT
RAMP 7
8.2 kΩ
10 nF
4 CLOCK
5 RT
1.5 kΩ
CT 6
PGND 12
GND
SS
10
8
1 kΩ
120 pF
CT
470 pF
0.1 µF
UDG−03047
Figure 1. Typical Application: 1.5 MHz, 48-V to 5-V DC/DC Push-Pull Converter Using UC28025
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7
SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
APPLICATION INFORMATION
PCB LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS
High speed circuits demand careful attention to layout and component placement. To assure proper
performance of the UC2802x follow these rules:
1. Use a ground plane.
2. Damp or clamp parasitic inductive kick energy from the gate of driven MOSFETs. Do not allow the output
pins to ring below ground. A series gate resistor or a shunt 1-A Schottky diode at the output pin serves this
purpose.
3. Bypass VCC, VC, and VREF. Use 0.1-µF monolithic ceramic capacitors with low equivalent series
inductance. Allow less than 1-cm of total lead length for each capacitor between the bypassed pin and the
ground plane.
4. Treat the timing capacitor, CT, as a bypass capacitor.
ERROR AMPLIFIER
Figure 2 shows a simplified schematic of the UC2802x error amplifier and Figures 3 and 4 show its
characteristics.
5.1 V
INV
16 VREF
3
EAOUT
1
200 Ω
NI
2
UDG−03049
Figure 2. Simplified Error Amplifier Schematic
8
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SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
APPLICATION INFORMATION
GAIN AND PHASE
vs
FREQUENCY
100
VOLTAGE
vs
TIME
5
GAIN
60
AV − Gain − dB
VSEAout − E/A Output Voltage − V
80
40
20
0
0
−90
−20
−40
100
1k
10 k
100 k
1M
10 M
−180
100 M
Phase − °
PHASE
VIN
VOUT
4
3
2
1
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
tdelay − Delay Time− µs
fOSC − Frequency − Hz
Figure 3. Open Loop Frequency Response
0.8
1.0
Figure 4. Unity Gain Slew Rate
CONTROL METHODS
UC2802x
UC2802x
CT
CT
6
RAMP
OSCILLATOR
CT
6
ISENSE
RAMP
1.25 V
1.25 V
7
7
*
CT
OSCILLATOR
*
RSENSE
From
Error Amplifier
UDG−03050
From
Error Amplifier
* A small filter may be required to supress switch noise.
UDG−03050
Figure 6. Peak Current Mode Control
Figure 5. Voltage Mode Control
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9
SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
APPLICATION INFORMATION
OSCILLATOR
DEAD TIME
vs
TIMING CAPACITANCE
10.0
IR
UC2802x
RT
3 kΩ ≤ RT ≤ 100 kΩ
5
4.70
3V
IC = IR
TD − Dead Time − µs
CT
6
5.1 V
CLOCK
4
2.20
1.00
0.47
0.22
Blanking
0.10
TD
400 µA
0.047
0.047
UDG−03052
1.0
2.2
4.7
10.0
22.0
47
CT − Timing Capacitance − nF
Figure 8.
Figure 7. Oscillator Circuit
DEAD TIME
vs
FREQUENCY
TIMING RESISTANCE
vs
FREQUENCY
160
100 k
4.7 nF
140
1 nF
470 pF
10 k
100 nF
TD − Dead Time − ns
RT − Timing Resistance − Ω
2.2 nF
47 nF
RT = 1 nF
120
RT = 470 pF
100
22 nF
10 nF
1k
100
1k
10 k
100 k
1M
100 k
fOSC − Frequency − Hz
fOSC − Frequency − Hz
Figure 10.
Figure 9. Oscillator Circuit
10
80
10 k
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1M
100
SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
APPLICATION INFORMATION
SYNCHRONIZATION
Figure 11 shows a generalized synchronization. Figure 12 shows a synchronozed operation of two units in close
proximity.
UC2802x
(Master)
UC2802x
(Slave)
VREF 16
RT
1.15 Ω
10 µF
CLOCK
43 Ω
0.1 µF
43 Ω
0.1 µF
5
CT
CT
RT
6
CT
2N222
4
RT
RT
5
6
43 Ω
Local
Ramp
0.1 µF
24 Ω
CT
To other
slaves
24 Ω
Local
Ramp
470 Ω
UDG−03050
Figure 11. Generalized Synchronization
UC2802x
(Master)
CLOCK
UC2802x
(Slave)
4
4
CLOCK
16 VREF
RT
RT
5
CT
6
Local
Ramp
5
RT
6
CT
CT
UDG−03050
Figure 12. Synchronization of Two Units In Close
Proximity
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11
SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
APPLICATION INFORMATION
FEEDFORWARD CIRCUIT
VIN
UC2802x
RFF
CFF
7
RAMP
4
CLOCK
6
CT
5
RT
UDG−03050
Figure 13. Feedforward Technique for Off-Line Voltage-Mode Applications
CONSTANT VOLT-SECOND CLAMP CIRCUIT
The circuit for the UC28023 shown in Figure 14 describes achievement a constant volt-second product clamp
over varying input voltages. The ramp generator components, RT and CR are chosen so that the ramp at Pin
9 (ILIM/SD) crosses the 1-V threshold at the same time the desired maximum volt-second product is reached.
The delay through the functional inverter block must be such that the ramp capacitor can be completely
discharged during the minimum deadtime.
UC28023
VIN
OUT
RT
14
ILIM/SD
9
CR
UDG−03050
Figure 14. Achieving Constant Volt-Second Product Clamp with the UC28023
12
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SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
The circuit for the UC28025 shown in Figure 15 describes achievement a constant volt-second product clamp
over varying input voltages. The ramp generator components, RT and CR are chosen so that the ramp at Pin
9 (ILIM/SD) crosses the 1-V threshold at the same time the desired maximum volt-second product is reached.
The delay through the functional inverter block must be such that the ramp capacitor can be completely
discharged during the minimum deadtime.
UC28025
VIN
OUTB
RT
14
ILIM/SD
9
OUTA
11
CR
UDG−03050
Figure 15. Achieving Constant Volt-Second Product Clamp with the UC28025
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13
SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
APPLICATION INFORMATION
OUTPUTS
UC28023 has one output and UC28025 has dual alternating outputs.
UC2802x
SATURATION VOLTAGE
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
3
15 VCC
VSAT − Saturation Voltage − V
13 VC
OUTx
2
Source
1
12 PWRGND
Sink
10 GND
0
0
0.25
Figure 16. Simplified Schematic
10
5
0.2
CLOAD =10 nF
0
0
40
80
120
160
−0.2
10
5
0
0
200
tRISE (tFALL) − Time − ns
100
200
300
400
tRISE (tFALL) − Time − ns
Figure 19.
Figure 18.
14
15
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500
ILOAD − Load Current − A
−0.2
RISE/FALL TIME
vs
OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND LOAD CURRENT
VOUT − Output Voltage − V
VOUT − Output Voltage − V
0
ILOAD − Load Current − A
0.2
CLOAD =1 nF
0
1.50
Figure 17.
RISE/FALL TIME
vs
OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND LOAD CURRENT
15
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
IOUT − Output Current − A
SLUS557B − MARCH 2003 − REVISED APRIL 2004
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Open Loop Laboratory Test Fixture
The following test fixture is useful for exercising many of the UC28025’s functions and measuring their
specifications. As with any wideband circuit, careful ground and by-pass procedures should be followed. The
use of a ground plane is highly recommended.
UC28025
0.1 µF
VCC 15
4 CLOCK
RT 3.65 kΩ
5
RT
0.1 µF
6 CT
200 Ω
3 EAOUT
68 kΩ
10 kΩ
4.7 kΩ
2 NI
22 kΩ
27 kΩ
10 kΩ
1 INV
4.7 kΩ
10 µF
OUTA 11
OUTB 14
27 kΩ
50 Ω
15 V
10 uF
OSCILLATOR VC 13
CT 1.0 nF
7 RAMP
15 V
ERROR
AMPLIFIER
1N5820
1N5820
PGND 12
GND 10
8 SS
0.1 µF
10 µF
VREF 16
9 ILIM/SD
3.3 kΩ
UDG−03051
Figure 20. Laboratory Test Fixture
References
1. 1.5-MHz Current Mode IC Controlled 50−Watt Power Supply, Texas Instruments Application Note Literature
No. SLUA053.
2. The UC3823A,B and UC3825A,B Enhanced Generation of PWM Controllers, Texas Instruments
Application Note Literature No. SLUA125.
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15
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enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue
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amplifier.ti.com
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www.ti.com/audio
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dataconverter.ti.com
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dsp.ti.com
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interface.ti.com
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logic.ti.com
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power.ti.com
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microcontroller.ti.com
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www.ti.com/wireless
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