MPY534 ® Precision ANALOG MULTIPLIER FEATURES DESCRIPTION ● ±0.25% max 4-QUADRANT ACCURACY The MPY534 is a high accuracy, general purpose four-quadrant analog multiplier. Its accurately laser trimmed transfer characteristics make it easy to use in a wide variety of applications with a minimum of external parts and trimming circuitry. Its differential X, Y and Z inputs allow configuration as multiplier, squarer, divider, square-rooter and other functions while maintaining high accuracy. ● WIDE BANDWIDTH: 1MHz min, 3MHz typ ● ADJUSTABLE SCALE FACTOR ● STABLE AND RELIABLE MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION ● LOW COST The wide bandwidth of this new design allows accurate signal processing at higher frequencies suitable for video signal processing. It is capable of performing IF and RF frequency mixing, modulation and demodulation with excellent carrier rejection and very simple feedthrough adjustment. APPLICATIONS ● PRECISION ANALOG SIGNAL PROCESSING ● VIDEO SIGNAL PROCESSING ● VOLTAGE CONTROLLED FILTERS AND OSCILLATORS ● MODULATION AND DEMODULATION An accurate internal voltage reference provides precise setting of the scale factor. The differential Z input allows user selected scale factors from 0.1 to 10 using external feedback resistors. ● RATIO AND PERCENTAGE COMPUTATION +VS Voltage Reference and Bias SF –VS Transfer Function X1 VOUT = A V-I (X1 – X2) (Y1 – Y2) SF X2 – (Z1 – Z2) Multiplier Core Y1 V-I Y2 VOUT A Z1 V-I 0.75 Attenuator Precision Output Op Amp Z2 International Airport Industrial Park • Mailing Address: PO Box 11400 Tel: (520) 746-1111 • Twx: 910-952-1111 • Cable: BBRCORP • • Tucson, AZ 85734 • Street Address: 6730 S. Tucson Blvd. • Tucson, AZ 85706 Telex: 066-6491 • FAX: (520) 889-1510 • Immediate Product Info: (800) 548-6132 © PDS-614D 1985 Burr-Brown Corporation Printed in U.S.A. October, 1993 SPECIFICATIONS ELECTRICAL TA = +25°C and VS = ±15VDC, unless otherwise specified. MPY534J PARAMETER MIN MULTIPLIER PERFORMANCE Transfer Function TYP MPY534K MAX ±1.5 ±0.022 * NOISE Noise Spectral Density: SF = 10V Wideband Noise: f = 10Hz to 5MHz f = 10Hz to 10kHz OUTPUT Output Voltage Swing Output Impedance (f ≤ 1kHz) Output Short Circuit Current (RL = 0, TA = min to max) Amplifier Open Loop Gain (f = 50Hz) INPUT AMPLIFIERS (X, Y and Z) Input Voltage Range Differential VIN (VCM = 0) Common-Mode VIN (VDIFF = 0) (see Typical Performance Curves) Offset Voltage X, Y Offset Voltage Drift X, Y Offset Voltage Z Offset Voltage Drift Z CMRR Bias Current Offset Current Differential Resistance 10V ±1.0 DIVIDER PERFORMANCE Transfer Function (X1 > X2) ±1.0 ±0.015 MIN TYP MPY534S MAX MIN * + Z2 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.008 TYP MPY534T MAX MIN * ±0.25 TYP MAX UNITS * ±1.0 ±0.01 % % %/°C * ±1.0 ±2.0 ±0.02 ±0.1 * ±0.25 * % ±0.02 * ±0.01 ±0.01 ±0.005 * ±0.02 * ±0.005 * %/°C % ±0.4 * ±0.2 ±0.01 ±0.3 ±0.1 ±0.10 ±0.12 ±0.005 * ±0.4 * * * * * % % ±0.3 ±0.15 ±0.3 ±0.05 ±0.12 ±0.3 * * % ±0.01 ±2 100 ±0.1 ±15 ±0.003 * * * ±10 * ±5 * * * * 300 % mV µV/°C ±30 * 1 3 * * * ±30 500 * * * MHz * * 50 20 * * * * * * kHz V/µs * 2 * * * µs * 0.8 * * * µV/√Hz * * 1 90 * * * * * * mVrms µVrms ±11 * 60 MPY534L MAX ±0.25 * ±5 200 DYNAMICS Small Signal BW, (VOUT = 0.1Vrms) 1% Amplitude Error (CLOAD = 1000pF) Slew Rate (VOUT = 20Vp-p) Settling Time (to 1%, ∆VOUT = 20V) TYP (X1 – X2)(Y1 – Y2) * Total Error(1) (–10V ≤ X, Y ≤ +10V) TA = min to max Total Error vs Temperature Scale Factor Error (SF = 10.000V Nominal)(2) Temperature Coefficient of Scaling Voltage Supply Rejection (±15V ±1V) Nonlinearity: X (X = 20Vp-p, Y = 10V) Y (Y = 20Vp-p, X = 10V) Feedthrough(3) X (Y Nulled, Y = 20Vp-p 50Hz) Y (X Nulled, Y = 20Vp-p 50Hz) Output Offset Voltage Output Offset Voltage Drift MIN * 0.1 * * * V Ω * 30 * * * mA * 70 * * * dB * * ±12 ±10 * * * * * * V V ±5 100 ±5 200 80 * * * * ±20 ±30 70 * 10V * ±2 50 ±2 100 90 0.8 0.1 10 (Z2 – Z1) (X1 – X2) ±10 ±15 * 2.0 * * * * * * * 0.05 * ±5 100 ±5 * ±10 60 * 0.2 * 80 * * * ±20 * * * ±30 500 * * 2.0 * * * * * * 300 * 2.0 mV µV/°C mV µV/°C dB µA µA MΩ + Y1 Error(1) Total (X = 10V, –10V ≤ Z ≤ +10V) (X – 1V, –1V ≤ Z ≤+1V) (0.1V ≤ X ≤ 10V, –10V ≤ Z ≤ 10V) ±0.75 ±0.35 ±0.2 ±0.75 * % ±2.0 ±1.0 ±0.8 ±2.0 * % ±2.5 ±1.0 ±0.8 ±2.5 * % ® MPY534 2 SPECIFICATIONS (CONT) ELECTRICAL TA = +25°C and VS = ±15VDC, unless otherwise specified. MPY534J PARAMETER MIN TYP SQUARE PERFORMANCE Transfer Function MPY534K MAX Total Error (–10V ≤ X ≤ 10V) 0.6 SQUARE-ROOTER PERFORMANCE Transfer Function (Z1 ≤ Z2) Total Error(1) (1V ≤ Z ≤ 10V) * ±1.0 10V ±0.3 MPY534L MAX MIN + Z2 √10V(Z2 – Z1) + X2 ±0.5 * * * TEMPERATURE RANGE Operating Storage TYP (X1 – X2)2 * POWER SUPPLY Supply Voltage: Rated Performance Operating Supply Current, Quiescent MIN * * * * ±8 * * 0 –65 ±15 4 TYP MPY534S MAX MIN * +70 +150 * * MPY534T MAX MIN TYP MAX UNITS * * * ±0.2 ±0.6 * % * ±0.25 * ±1.0 * ±0.5 % * ±18 6 TYP * * * * * * * –55 * * * ±20 * * +125 * –55 * * ±20 * VDC VDC mA +125 * °C °C *Specifications same as for MPY534K. NOTES: (1) Figures given are percent of full scale, ±10V (i.e., 0.01% = 1mV). (2) May be reduced to 3V using external resistor between –Vs and SF. (3) Irreducible component due to nonlinearity; excludes effect of offsets. PIN CONFIGURATIONS X1 Top View X2 TO-100 10 9 1 +VS SF 2 8 Out Y1 3 7 Z1 Y2 6 4 5 Top View Z2 –VS DIP X1 1 14 +VS X2 2 13 NC NC 3 12 Out SF 4 11 Z1 NC 5 10 Z2 Y1 6 9 NC Y2 7 8 –VS ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PARAMETER MPY534J, K, L Power Supply Voltage Power Dissipation Output Short-Circuit to Ground Input Voltage (all X, Y and Z) Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) MPY534S, T ±18 ±20 500mW * Indefinite * ±VS * 0°C to +70°C –55°C to +125°C –65°C to +150°C * +300°C * ORDERING INFORMATION MODEL MPY534JD MPY534JH MPY534KD MPY534KH MPY534LD MPY534LH MPY534SD MPY534SH MPY534TD MPY534TH *Specification same as for MPY534K. PACKAGE INFORMATION MODEL MPY534JD MPY534JH MPY534KD MPY534KH MPY534LD MPY534LH MPY534SD MPY534SH MPY534TD MPY534TH PACKAGE Ceramic DIP Metal TO-100 Ceramic DIP Metal TO-100 Ceramic DIP Metal TO-100 Ceramic DIP Metal TO-100 Ceramic DIP Metal TO-100 PACKAGE DRAWING NUMBER(1) PACKAGE TEMPERATURE RANGE Ceramic DIP Metal TO-100 Ceramic DIP Metal TO-100 Ceramic DIP Metal TO-100 Ceramic DIP Metal TO-100 Ceramic DIP Metal TO-100 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C –55°C to +125°C –55°C to +125°C –55°C to +125°C –55°C to +125°C 169 007 169 007 169 007 169 007 169 007 NOTE: (1) For detailed drawing and dimension table, please see end of data sheet, or Appendix D of Burr-Brown IC Data Book. ® 3 MPY534 DICE INFORMATION PAD FUNCTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Y1 Y2 –VS Z2 Z1 Output +VS X1 X2 SF (Scale Factor) Substrate Bias: The back of the die should not be used for the –VS connection. NC = No Connection. MECHANICAL INFORMATION Die Size Die Thickness Min. Pad Size MILS (0.001") MILLIMETERS 100 x 92 ±5 20 ±3 4x4 2.54 x 2.34 ±0.13 0.51 ±0.08 0.10 x 0.10 Backing Gold MPY534 DIE TOPOGRAPHY TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES TA = +25°C, VS = ±15VDC, unless otherwise noted. BIAS CURRENTS vs TEMPERATURE (X,Y or Z Inputs) AC FEEDTHROUGH vs FREQUENCY 800 700 100 Bias Current (nA) Peak-to-Peak Feedthrough (mV) 1k X Feedthrough 10 Y Feedthrough 1 600 500 Scaling Voltage = 10V 400 300 Scaling Voltage = 3V 200 100 0.1 0 10 100 10k 1k 100k 1M 10M –60 –40 –20 Frequency (Hz) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Temperature (°C) INPUT DIFFERENTIAL-MODE/COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO vs FREQUENCY 10 90 VCM 80 CMRR (dB) 70 5 Typical for all inputs 60 50 –12 –10 –5 Specified Accuracy 5 10 12 VDIFF 40 VS = ±15V 30 –5 20 10 0 100 10k 1k 100k 1M –10 Functional Derated Accuracy Frequency (Hz) ® MPY534 4 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES (CONT) TA = +25°C, ±VCC = 15VDC, unless otherwise noted. FREQUENCY RESPONSE vs DIVIDER DENOMINATOR INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY vs FREQUENCY 50 40 1.25 Output, VO/ VZ (dB) Noise Spectral Density (µV/√Hz) 1.5 1 0.75 VX = 100mVDC VZ = 10mVrms 30 20 VX = 1VDC VZ = 100mVrms 10 0 VX = 10VDC VZ = 1Vrms –10 –20 0.5 10 1k 100 10k 1k 100k 10k INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL RANGE vs SUPPLY VOLTAGES 10M FREQUENCY RESPONSE AS A MULTIPLIER 14 10 0dB = 0.1Vrms; RL = 2kΩ 12 Output Response (dB) Peak Positive or Negative Signal (V) 1M 100k Frequency (Hz) Frequency (Hz) Output, RL ≥ 2kΩ 10 All Inputs, SF = 10V 8 6 4 CL = 0pF CL ≤ 1000pF CF = 0pF –10 –20 10 12 14 16 18 20 CL ≤ 1000pF CF ≤ 200pF With X10 Feedback Attenuator –30 8 CL = 1000pF 0 10k 100k Positive or Negative Supply (V) Normal Connection 1M 10M Frequency (Hz) THEORY OF OPERATION The transfer function for the MPY534 is: VOUT = A (X1 – X2) (Y1 – Y2) SF an application circuit can be analyzed by assigning circuit voltages for all X, Y and Z inputs and setting the bracketed quantity equal to zero. For example, the basic multiplier connection in Figure 1, Z1 = VOUT and Z2 = 0. The quantity within the brackets then reduces to: – (Z1 – Z2) where: A = Open-loop gain of the output amplifier (typically 85dB at DC). (X1 – X2) (Y1 – Y2) SF SF = Scale Factor. Laser-trimmed to 10V but adjustable over a 3V to 10V range using external resistor. – (VOUT – 0) = 0 This approach leads to a simple relationship which can be solved for VOUT. The scale factor is accurately factory-adjusted to 10V and is typically accurate to within 0.1% or less. The scale factor may be adjusted by connecting a resistor or potentiometer between pin SF and the –VS power supply. The value of the external resistor can be approximated by: X, Y, A are input voltages. Full-scale input voltage is equal to the selected SF. (Max input voltage = ±1.25 SF.) An intuitive understanding of transfer function can be gained by analogy to an op amp. By assuming that the open-loop gain, A, of the output amplifier is infinite, inspection of the transfer function reveals that any VOUT can be created with an infinitesimally small quantity within the brackets. Then, RSF = 5.4kΩ SF 10 – SF ® 5 MPY534 Internal device tolerances make this relationship accurate to within approximately 25%. Some applications can benefit from reduction of the SF by this technique. The reduced input bias current and drift achieved by this technique can be likened to operating the input circuitry in a higher gain, thus reducing output contributions to these effects. Adjustment of the scale factor does not affect bandwidth. X Input ±10V FS ±12V PK +15V +VS X2 Out +15V VOUT, ±12V PK MPY534 470kΩ 50kΩ The MPY534 is fully characterized at VS = ±15V, but operation is possible down to ±8V with an attendant reduction of input and output range capability. Operation at voltages greater than ±15V allows greater output swing to be achieved by using an output feedback attenuator (Figure 2). X1 SF Z1 Y1 Z2 Y2 –VS = (X1 – X2) (Y1 – Y2) 10V + Z2 1kΩ –15V Optional Offset Trim Circuit Y Input ±10V FS ±12V PK –15V Optional Summing Input, Z, ±10V PK FIGURE 1. Basic Multiplier Connection. BASIC MULTIPLIER CONNECTION Figure 1 shows the basic connection as a multiplier. Accuracy is fully specified without any additional user trimming circuitry. Some applications can benefit from trimming one or more of the inputs. The fully differential inputs facilitate referencing the input quantities to the source voltage common terminal for maximum accuracy. They also allow use of simple offset voltage trimming circuitry as shown on the X input. X Input ±10V FS ±12V PK X1 +VS X2 Out +15V VOUT, ±12V PK = (X1 – X2) (Y1 – Y2) (Scale = 1V) MPY534 The differential Z input allows an offset to be summed in VOUT. In basic multiplier operation, the Z2 input serves as the output voltage reference and should be connected to the ground reference of the driven system for maximum accuracy. Y Input ±10V FS ±12V PK A method of changing (lowering) SF by connecting to the SF pin was discussed previously. Figure 2 shows another method of changing the effective SF of the overall circuit using an attenuator in the feedback connection to Z1. This method puts the output amplifier in a higher gain and is thus accompanied by a reduction in bandwidth and an increase in output offset voltage. The larger output offset may be reduced by applying a trimming voltage to the high impedance input Z2. SF Z1 Y1 Z2 Y2 –VS 90kΩ Optional Peaking Capacitor CF = 200pF 10kΩ –15V FIGURE 2. Connections for Scale-Factor of Unity. X Input ±10V FS ±12V PK X1 +VS X2 Out +15V IOUT = (X1 – X2) (Y1 – Y2) 10V MPY534 The flexibility of the differential Z inputs allows direct conversion of the output quantity to a current. Figure 3 shows the output voltage differentially-sensed across a series resistor forcing an output-controlled current. Addition of a capacitor load then creates a time integration function useful in a variety of applications such as power computation. Y Input ±10V FS ±12V PK SF Z1 Y1 Z2 Y2 –VS –15V Current Sensing Resistor, RS, 2kΩ min x 1 RS Integrator Capacitor (see text) FIGURE 3. Conversion of Output to Current. SQUARER CIRCUIT DIVIDER CIRCUIT Squarer operation is achieved by paralleling the X and Y inputs of the standard multiplier circuit. Inverted output can be achieved by reversing the differential input terminals of either the X or Y input. Accuracy in the squaring mode is typically a factor of two better than the specified multiplier mode with maximum error occurring with small (less than 1V) inputs. Better accuracy can be achieved for small input voltage levels by using a reduced SF value. The MPY534 can be configured as a divider as shown in Figure 4. High impedance differential inputs for the numerator and denominator are achieved at the Z and X inputs, respectively. Feedback is applied to the Y2 input, and Y1 can be summed directly into VOUT. Since the feedback connection is made to a multiplying input, the effective gain of the output op amp varies as a function of the denominator input voltage. Therefore, the bandwidth of the divider function is proportional to the denominator voltage (see Typical Performance Curves). ® MPY534 6 APPLICATIONS Accuracy of the divider mode typically ranges from 0.75% to 2.0% for a 10 to 1 denominator range depending on device grade. Accuracy is primarily limited by input offset voltages and can be significantly improved by trimming the offset of the X input. A trim voltage of ±3.5mV applied to the “low side” X input (X2 for positive input voltages on X1) can produce similar accuracies over a 100 to 1 denominator range. To trim, apply a signal which varies from 100mV to 10V at a low frequency (less than 500Hz) to both inputs. An offset sine wave or ramp is suitable. Since the ratio of the quantities should be constant, the ideal output would be a constant 10V. Using AC coupling on an oscilloscope, adjust the offset control for minimum output voltage variation. A +VS X1 A–B 2 +15V VOUT = (A2 – B2)/10V 10kΩ X2 Out 30kΩ MPY534 SF Z1 10kΩ 10kΩ B (A + B) 2 Y1 Z2 Y2 –VS –15V Output, ±12V PK + X Input (Denominator) ±10V FS ±12V PK – X1 +VS +15V VOUT = X2 10V(Z2 – Z1) (X1 – X2) FIGURE 6. Difference-of-Squares. + Y1 Out MPY534 Optional Summing Input ±10V PK SF Y1 Y2 Z1 Z2 –VS +VS X1 Z Input (Numerator) ±10V FS, ±12V PK +15V Control Input, EC, Zero to ±5V X2 Set Gain 1kΩ 2kΩ 39kΩ MPY534 SF –15V VOUT = ±12V PK = (EC ES)/0.1V Out Z1 –VS 1kΩ Y1 Z2 Y2 –VS 0.005µF Signal Input, ES, ±5V PK FIGURE 4. Basic Divider Connection. SQUARE-ROOTER A square-rooter connection is shown in Figure 5. Input voltage is limited to one polarity (positive for the connection shown). The diode prevents circuit latch-up should the input go negative. The circuit can be configured for negative input and positive output by reversing the polarity of both the X and Y inputs. The output polarity can be reversed by reversing the diode and X input polarity. A load resistance of approximately 10kΩ must be provided. Trimming for improved accuracy would be accomplished at the Z input. –15V NOTES: (1) Gain is X10 per volt of EC, zero to X50. (2) Wideband (10Hz to 30Hz) output noise is 3mVrms, typ, corresponding to a FS S/N ratio of 70dB. (3) Noise referred to signal input, with EC = ±5V, is 60µVrms, typ. (4) Bandwidth is DC to 20kHz, –3dB, indepedent of gain. FIGURE 7. Voltage-Controlled Amplifier. Output, ±12V PK X1 +VS X2 Out +15V VOUT = 10V(Z2 – Z1) + X2 1kΩ +15V X1 Optional Summing 400pF Input, X, ±10V PK X2 +VS Out MPY634 SF Z1 Y1 Z2 Y2 –VS Reverse this and X inputs for Negative Outputs RL (Must be Provided) 18kΩ MPY534 SF Z1 Y1 Z2 10kΩ Input, Eθ 0 to +10V Z Input 10V FS 12V PK VOUT = (10V) sinθ Where θ = (π/2) (Eθ /10V) 4.7kΩ 4.3kΩ 3kΩ Y2 –VS –15V FIGURE 8. Sine-Function Generator. –15V FIGURE 5. Square-Rooter Connection. ® 7 MPY534 Modulation Input, ±EM X2 X2 +15V +VS X1 9kΩ +VS X2 Out +15V Out VOUT = (100V) VOUT = 1 ± (EM/10V) EC sin ωt MPY534 SF 1kΩ Z1 Carrier Input EC sin ωt Y1 A–B B MPY534 SF Z1 Y1 Z2 Y2 –VS Z2 Y2 –VS –15V The SF pin or a Z-attenuator can be used to provide overall signal amplification. Operation from a single supply is possible; bias Y2 to VS/2. X1 +VS X2 Out FIGURE 10. Percentage Computer. VOUT = ±5V PK Y' 1 + Y' = (10V) Z1 Where Y' = Input, Y ±10V FS Z2 Y2 –VS –15V +15V MPY534 Y1 A Input (±) B Input (Postive Only) FIGURE 9. Linear AM Modulator. SF X1 Y (10V) –15V FIGURE 11. Bridge-Linearization Function. The information provided herein is believed to be reliable; however, BURR-BROWN assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies or omissions. BURR-BROWN assumes no responsibility for the use of this information, and all use of such information shall be entirely at the user’s own risk. Prices and specifications are subject to change without notice. No patent rights or licenses to any of the circuits described herein are implied or granted to any third party. BURR-BROWN does not authorize or warrant any BURR-BROWN product for use in life support devices and/or systems. ® MPY534 8