TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 3-V TO 20-V INPUT SYNCHRONOUS BUCK CONTROLLER Check for Samples :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 CONTENTS FEATURES 1 • • • • • • • • • • • Input Voltage Range from 3 V to 20 V 300 KHz (TPS40303), 600 KHz (TPS40304) and 1.2 MHz (TPS40305) Switching Frequencies High- and Low-Side FET RDS(on) Current Sensing Programmable Thermally Compensated OCP Levels Programmable Soft-Start 600 mV, 1% Reference Voltage Voltage Feed-Forward Compensation Supports Pre-Biased Output Frequency Spread Spectrum Thermal Shutdown Protection at 145°C 10-Pin 3 mm × 3 mm SON Package with Ground Connection to Thermal Pad Device Ratings 2 Electrical Characteristics 3 Device Information 8 Application Information 10 Design Examples 14 Additional References 24 X APPLICATIONS • • • • POL Modules Printer Digital TV Telecom DESCRIPTION The TPS4030x is a family of cost-optimized synchronous buck controllers that operate from 3-V to 20-V input. The controller implements a voltage-mode control architecture with input-voltage feed-forward compensation that responds instantly to input voltage change. The switching frequency is fixed at 300 KHz, 600 KHz or 1.2 MHz. Frequency Spread Spectrum feature adds dither to the switching frequency, significantly reducing the peak EMI noise and making it much easier to comply with EMI standards. The TPS4030x offers design with a variety of user programmable functions, including soft-start, Over- Current Protection (OCP) levels, and loop compensation. OCP level may be programmed by a single external resistor connected from LDRV pin to circuit ground. During initial power on, the TPS4030x enters a calibration cycle, measures the voltage at the LDRV pin, and sets an internal OCP voltage level. During operation, the programmed OCP voltage level is compared to the voltage drop across the low side FET when it is on to determine whether there is an overcurrent condition. The TPS4030x then enters a shutdown and restart cycle until the fault is removed. SIMPLIFIED APPLICATION DIAGRAM VOUT VIN TPS4030x 5 FB BOOT 6 4 COMP HDRV 7 3 PGOOD SW 8 2 EN/SS LDRV/OC 9 1 VDD VOUT SD VIN BP 10 GND PAD UDG-09158 1 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. ORDERING INFORMATION OPERATING FREQUENCY PACKAGE TAPE AND REEL QUANTITY PART NUMBER 250 TPS40305DRCT 3000 TPS40305DRCR 1.2 MHz 600 kHz Plastic 10-Pin SON (DRC) 300 kHz 250 TPS40304DRCT 3000 TPS40304DRCR 250 TPS40303DRCT 3000 TPS40303DRCR ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1) VALUE UNIT VDD –0.3 to 22 V SW –3 to 27 V SW (< 100 ns pulse width, 10 µJ) –5 V BOOT –0.3 to 30 V HDRV –5 to 30 V BOOT-SW, HDRV-SW (differential from BOOT or HDRV to SW) –0.3 to 7 V COMP, PGOOD, FB, BP, LDRV, EN/SS –0.3 to 7 V TJ Operating junction temperature range –40 to 145 °C Tstg Storage temperature –55 to 150 °C (1) Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other condition beyond those included under recommended operating conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods of time may affect device reliability. DISSIPATION RATINGS AIRFLOW (LFM) RθJA HIGH-K BOARD (1) (°C/W) POWER RATING (W) TA = 25°C POWER RATING (W) TA = 85°C 0 (Natural Convection) 47.9 2.08 0.835 200 40.5 2.46 0.987 400 38.2 2.61 1.04 PACKAGE 10-Pin SON (DRC) (1) Ratings based on JEDEC High Thermal Conductivity (High K) Board. For more information on the test method, see TI technical brief (SZZA017). RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS MIN VDD Input voltage TJ Operating junction temperature NOM MAX UNIT 3 20 V –40 125 °C MAX UNIT ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD) PROTECTION MIN TYP Human body model (HBM) 2000 V Charge device model (CDM) 1500 V 2 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TJ = –40°C to 125°C, VVDD = 12 V, all parameters at zero power dissipation (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX TJ = 25°C, 3 V < VVDD < 20 V 597 600 603 –40°C < TJ < 125°C, 3 V < VVDD < 20 V 594 600 606 UNIT VOLTAGE REFERENCE VFB FB input voltage mV INPUT SUPPLY VVDD Input supply voltage range 20 V IDDSD Shutdown supply current VEN/SS < 0.2 V 3 70 100 µA IDDQ Quiescent, non-switching Let EN/SS float, VFB = 1 V 2.5 3.5 mA V ENABLE/SOFT-START VIH High-level input voltage, EN/SS 0.55 0.70 1.00 VIL Low-level input voltage, EN/SS 0.27 0.30 0.33 V ISS Soft-start source current 8 10 12 µA VSS Soft-start voltage level 0.4 0.8 1.3 V 6.2 6.5 6.8 V 70 110 mV 300 330 kHz BP REGULATOR VBP Output voltage IBP = 10 mA VDO Regulator dropout voltage, VVDD – VBP IBP = 25 mA, VVDD = 3 V OSCILLATOR TPS40303 fSW PWM frequency TPS40304 270 3 V < VVDD < 20 V 540 600 660 kHz 1.02 1.20 1.38 MHz VVDD/6.6 VVDD/6 VVDD/5.4 TPS40305 (1) VRAMP Ramp amplitude fSWFSS Frequency spread spectrum frequency deviation fMOD Modulation frequency 12% V fSW 25 KHz PWM TPS40303 DMAX (1) Maximum duty cycle TPS40304 90% VFB = 0 V, 3 V < VVDD < 20 V TPS40305 tON(min) (1) tDEAD 90% 85% Minimum controllable pulse width 100 HDRV off to LDRV on 5 25 35 LDRV off to HDRV on 5 25 30 Gain bandwidth product 10 24 Open loop gain 60 Output driver dead time ns ns ERROR AMPLIFIER GBWP AOL (1) (1) IIB Input bias current (current out of FB pin) VFB = 0.6 V IEAOP Output source current VFB = 0 V 2 IEAOM Output sink current VFB = 1 V 2 (1) MHz dB 75 nA mA Ensured by design. Not production tested. Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 Submit Documentation Feedback 3 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) TJ = –40°C to 125°C, VVDD = 12 V, all parameters at zero power dissipation (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT PGOOD VOV Feedback upper voltage limit for PGOOD 655 675 700 VUV Feedback lower voltage limit for PGOOD 500 525 550 VPGD-HYST PGOOD hysteresis voltage at FB 25 40 RPGD PGOOD pull down resistance VFB = 0 V, IFB = 5 mA 30 70 Ω PGOOD leakage current 550 mV < VFB < 655 mV, VPGOOD = 5 V 10 20 µA IPGDLK mV OUTPUT DRIVERS RHDHI High-side driver pull-up resistance VBOOT – VSW = 5 V, IHDRV = –100 mA 0.8 1.5 2.5 Ω RHDLO High-side driver pull-down resistance VBOOT – VSW = 5 V, IHDRV = 100 mA 0.5 1.0 2.2 Ω RLDHI Low-side driver pull-up resistance ILDRV = -100 mA 0.8 1.5 2.5 Ω RLDLO Low-side driver pull-down resistance ILDRV = 100 mA 0.35 0.60 1.20 (2) High-side driver rise time CLOAD = 5 nF tHFALL (2) tLRISE (2) tLFALL (2) tHRISE Ω 15 ns High-side driver fall time 12 ns Low-side driver rise time 15 ns Low-side driver fall time 10 ns Minimum pulse time during short circuit 250 ns Switch leading-edge blanking pulse time 150 OVERCURRENT PROTECTION tPSSC(min) tBLNKH (2) (2) VOCH OC threshold for high side FET TJ = 25°C IOCSET OCSET current source TJ = 25°C VLD-CLAMP Maximum clamp voltage at LDRV VOCLOS OC comparator offset voltage for low side FET TJ = 25°C Programmable OC range for low side FET TJ = 25°C VOCLPRO VTHTC (2) (2) tOFF OC threshold temperature coefficient (both high side and low side) OC retry cycles on EN/SS pin ns 360 450 580 mV 9.5 10.0 10.5 µA 260 340 400 mV –8 8 mV 12 300 mV 3000 ppm 4 Cycle BOOT DIODE VDFWD Bootstrap diode forward voltage IBOOT = 5 mA 0.8 V 145 °C 20 °C THERMAL SHUTDOWN TJSD (2) TJSDH (2) 4 Junction shutdown temperature (2) Hysteresis Ensured by design. Not production tested. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 314 625 313 620 VVDD = 3V 312 311 310 309 VVDD = 12 V 308 307 VVDD = 20 V fSW – Switching Frequency – kHz fSW – Switching Frequency – kHz SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 306 VVDD = 20 V 615 610 605 VVDD = 12 V 600 VVDD = 3V 595 590 585 TPS40303 305 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 TPS40304 580 –40 –25 –10 95 110 125 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C TJ – Junction Temperature – °C Figure 1. Figure 2. SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE QUIESCENT CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 2.24 1.4 VVDD = 20 V 2.22 1.3 1.25 1.2 VVDD = 3V VVDD = 12 V 1.15 1.1 IDDQ – Quiescent Current – mA 1.35 fSW – Switching Frequency – MHz 5 2.20 2.18 2.16 2.14 1.05 TPS40305 1 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C 2.12 –40 –25 –10 VVDD = 12 V 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C Figure 3. Figure 4. Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 Submit Documentation Feedback 5 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) OCSET CURRENT SOURCE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 72 14 70 13 IOCSET – OCSET Current Source– mA IDD(SD)– Shutdown Current – mA SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 68 66 64 62 60 12 11 10 9 8 7 VVDD = 12 V 58 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 6 –40 –25 –10 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 Figure 5. Figure 6. FEEDBACK REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE ENABLE HIGH-LEVEL THRESHOLD VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 740 VIH – Enable High-Level Threshold Voltage – mV 600.6 600.4 600.2 600 599.8 599.6 599.4 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C 720 700 680 660 640 620 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C Figure 7. 6 20 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C 600.8 VFB – Feedback Reference Voltage – mV 5 Figure 8. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) ENABLE LOW-LEVEL THRESHOLD VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE HIGH-SIDE OVERCURRENT THRESHOLD vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 303.0 VIL – Enable Low-Level Threshold Voltage – mV VOCH – High-Side Overcurrent Threshold – mV 600 302.5 302.0 301.5 301.0 300.5 300.0 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 550 500 450 400 350 –40 –25 –10 95 110 125 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C TJ – Junction Temperature – °C Figure 9. Figure 10. POWER GOOD THRESHOLD VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE SOFT-START VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 800 1000 750 975 Overvoltage VSS – Soft-Start Voltage – mV VOV/VUV – Power Good Threshold Voltage – mV 5 700 650 600 550 500 950 925 900 875 850 825 800 Undervoltage 450 400 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 775 80 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C 750 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C Figure 11. Figure 12. Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 Submit Documentation Feedback 7 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com DEVICE INFORMATION TERMINAL CONFIGURATION The package is an 10-Pin SON (DRC) package. Note: The thermal pad is an electrical ground connection. FB COMP PGOOD EN/SS VDD 5 4 3 2 1 8 9 10 SW LDRV/ OC BP Thermal Pad 6 7 BOOT HDRV PIN FUNCTIONS TERMINAL I/O DESCRIPTION NAME NO. BOOT 6 I Gate drive voltage for the high side N-channel MOSFET. A 100 nF capacitor (typical) must be connected between this pin and SW. For low input voltage operation, an external schottky diode from BP to BOOT is recommended to maximize the gate drive voltage for the high-side. BP 10 O Output bypass for the internal regulator. Connect a low ESR bypass ceramic capacitor of 1 µF or greater from this pin to GND. COMP 4 O Output of the error amplifier and connection node for loop feedback components. EN/SS 2 I Logic level input which starts or stops the controller via an external user command. Letting this pin float turns the controller on. Pulling this pin low disables the controller. This is also the soft-start programming pin. A capacitor connected from this pin to GND programs the soft-start time. The capacitor is charged with an internal current source of 10 µA. The resulting voltage ramp of this pin is also used as a second non-inverting input to the error amplifier after a 0.8 V (typical) level shift downwards. Output regulation is controlled by the internal level shifted voltage ramp until that voltage reaches the internal reference voltage of 600 mV – the voltage ramp of this pin reaches 1.4 V (typical). Optionally, a 267 kΩ resistor from this pin to BP enables frequency spread spectrum feature. FB 5 I Inverting input to the error amplifier. In normal operation, the voltage on this pin is equal to the internal reference voltage. PGOOD 3 O Open drain power good output. HDRV 7 O Bootstrapped gate drive output for the high side N-channel MOSFET. LDRV/OC 9 O Gate drive output for the low side synchronous rectifier N-channel MOSFET. A resistor from this pin to GND is also used to determine the voltage level for OCP. An internal current source of 10 µA flows through the resistor during initial calibration and that sets up the voltage trip point used for OCP. VDD 1 I Power input to the controller. Bypass VDD to GND with a low ESR ceramic capacitor of at least 1.0-µF close to the device. SW 8 O Sense line for the adaptive anti-cross conduction circuitry. Serves as common connection for the flying high side FET driver. GND 8 Thermal Pad Ground connection to the controller. This is also the thermal pad used to conduct heat from the device. This connection serves a twofold purpose. The first is to provide an electrical ground connection for the device. The second is to provide a low thermal impedance path from the device die to the PCB. This pad should be tied externally to a ground plane. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 TPS4030x BLOCK DIAGRAM + 10 mA Soft Start 0.6 VREF + 12.5% SS SS EN/SS 2 SD VDD 1 BP 10 COMP 4 FB + References OC SD Spread Spectrum Oscillator Clock PWM Logic 5 7 HDRV 8 SW 9 LDRV/OC BP Anti-Cross Conduction and Pre-Bias Circuit + 10 mA 0.6 VREF PGOOD BOOT PWM + SS 6 0.6 VREF BP Calibration Circuit BP 0.6 VREF –12.5% Fault Controller Clock 6-V Regulator FB + Thermal Shutdown 750 kW 3 OC Threshold Setting Fault Controller OC PAD UDG-09160 GND Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 Submit Documentation Feedback 9 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com APPLICATION INFORMATION Introduction The TPS4030x is a family of cost-optimized synchronous buck controllers providing high-end features to construct high-performance DC/DC converters. Pre-bias capability eliminates concerns about damaging sensitive loads during startup. Programmable over-current protection levels and hiccup over-current fault recovery maximize design flexibility and minimize power dissipation in the event of a prolonged output short. Frequency Spread Spectrum (FSS) feature reduces peak EMI noise by spreading the initial energy of each harmonic along a frequency band, thus giving a wider spectrum with lower amplitudes. Voltage Reference The 600 mV band gap cell is internally connected to the non-inverting input of the error amplifier. The reference voltage is trimmed with the error amplifier in a unity gain configuration to remove amplifier offset from the final regulation voltage. The 1% tolerance on the reference voltage allows the user to design a very accurate power supply. Enable Functionality, Startup Sequence and Timing After input power is applied, an internal current source of 40 µA starts to charge up the soft-start capacitor connected from EN/SS to GND. When the voltage across that capacitor increases to 0.7 V, it enables the internal BP regulator followed by a calibration. The total calibration time is about 1.9 ms. See Figure 13. During the calibration, the device performs in the following way. It disables the LDRV drive and injects an internal 10 µA current source to the resistor connected from LDRV to GND. The voltage developed across that resistor is then sampled and latched internally as the OCP trip level until one cycles the input or toggles the EN/SS. 2.0 VIN – Input Voltage – V VEN/SS 1.6 Calibration Time 1.9 ms 1.3 V 1.2 0.8 0.7 V 0.4 VSS_INT 0 t – Time – ms UDG-09159 Figure 13. Startup Sequence and Timing The voltage at EN/SS is internally clamped to 1.3 V before and/or during calibration to minimize the discharging time once calibration is complete. The discharging current is from an internal current source of 140 µA and it pulls the voltage down to 0.4 V. It then initiates the soft-start by charging up the capacitor using an internal current source of 10 µA. The resulting voltage ramp on this pin is used as a second non-inverting input to the error amplifier after an 800 mV (typical) downward level-shift; therefore, actual soft-start will not take place until the voltage at this pin reaches 800 mV. If EN/SS is left floating, the controller starts automatically. EN/SS must be pulled down to less than 270 mV to guarantee that the chip is in shutdown mode. 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 Soft-Start Time The soft-start time of the TPS4030x is user programmable by selecting a single capacitor. The EN/SS pin sources 10 µA to charge this capacitor. The actual output ramp-up time is the amount of time that it takes for the 10 µA to charge the capacitor through a 600mV range. There is some initial lag due to calibration and an offset (800 mV) from the actual EN/SS pin voltage to the voltage applied to the error amplifier. The soft-start is done in a closed loop fashion, meaning that the error amplifier controls the output voltage at all times during the soft start period and the feedback loop is never open as occurs in duty cycle limit soft-start schemes. The error amplifier has two non-inverting inputs, one connected to the 600 mV reference voltage, and the other connected to the offset EN/SS pin voltage. The lower of these two voltages is what the error amplifier controls the FB pin to. As the voltage on the EN/SS pin ramps up past approximately 1.4 V (800 mV offset voltage plus the 600 mV reference voltage), the 600 mV reference voltage becomes the dominant input and the converter has reached its final regulation voltage. The capacitor required for a given soft-start ramp time for the output voltage is given by Equation 1. æI ö CSS = ç SS ÷ ´ t SS V è FB ø (1) where • • • • CSS is the required capacitance on the EN/SS pin (F) ISS is the soft-start source current (10 µA) VFB is the feedback reference voltage (0.6 V) tSS is the desired soft-start ramp time (s) Oscillator and Frequency Spread Spectrum (FSS) The oscillator frequency is internally fixed. The TPS40303 operating frequency is 300 KHz, the TPS40304 operating frequency is 600 KHz and the TPS40305 operating frequency is 1.2 MHz. Connecting a resistor with a value of 267 kΩ ± 10% from BP to EN/SS enables the FSS feature. When enabled, it spreads the internal oscillator frequency over a minimum 12% window using a 25-kHz modulation frequency with triangular profile. By modulating the switching frequency, side-bands are created. The emission power of the fundamental switching frequency and its harmonics is distributed into smaller pieces scattered around many side-band frequencies. The effect significantly reduces the peak EMI noise and makes it much easier for the resultant emission spectrum to pass EMI regulations. Overcurrent Protection Programmable OCP level at LDRV is from 6 mV to 150 mV at room temperature with 3000 ppm temperature coefficient to help compensate for changes in the low side FET channel resistance as temperature increases. With a scale factor of 2, the actual trip point across the low side FET is in the range of 12 mV to 300 mV. The accuracy of the internal current source is ±5%. Overall offset voltage, including the offset voltage of the internal comparator and the amplifier for scale factor of 2, is limited to ±8 mV. Maximum clamp voltage at LDRV is 340 mV to avoid turning on the low side FET during calibration and in a pre-biased condition. The maximum clamp voltage is fixed and it does not change with temperature. If the voltage drop across ROCSET reaches the 340 mV maximum clamp voltage during calibration (No ROCSET resistor included), it disables OC protection. Once disabled, there is no low side or high side current sensing. OCP level at HDRV is fixed at 450 mV with 3000 ppm temperature coefficient to help compensate for changes in the high side FET channel resistance as temperature increases. OCP at HDRV provides pulse-by-pulse current limiting. Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 Submit Documentation Feedback 11 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com OCP sensing at LDRV is a true inductor valley current detection, using sample and hold. Equation 2 can be used to calculate ROCSET: ææ ö æI öö ç ç IOUT(max ) - ç P-P ÷ ÷ ´ RDS(on ) - VOCLOS ÷ è 2 øø ç ÷ ROCSET = ç è ÷ 2 ´ IOCSET ç ÷ ç ÷ è ø (2) where • • • • • • IOCSET is the internal current source VOCLOS is the overall offset voltage IP-P is the peak-to-peak inductor current RDS(on) is the drain to source on-resistance of the low-side FET IOUT(max) is the trip point for OCP ROCSET is the resistor used for setting the OCP level To avoid over-current tripping in normal operating load range, calculate ROCSET using the equation above with: • The maximum RDS(ON) at room temperature • The lower limit of VOCLOS (–8 mV) and the lower limit of IOCSET (9.5 µA) from the Electrical Characteristics table. • The peak-to-peak inductor current IP-P at minimum input voltage Overcurrent is sensed across both the low-side FET and the high-side FET. If the voltage drop across either FET exceeds the OC threshold, a count increments one count. If no OC is detected on either FET, the fault counter decrements by one count. If three OC pulses are summed, a fault condition is declared which cycles the soft-start function in a hiccup mode. Hiccup mode consists of four dummy soft-start timeouts followed by a real one if overcurrent condition is encountered during normal operation, or five dummy soft-start timeouts followed by a real one if overcurrent condition occurs from the beginning during start. This cycle continues indefinitely until the fault condition is removed. Drivers The drivers for the external high-side and low-side MOSFETs are capable of driving a gate-to-source voltage of VBP. The LDRV driver for the low-side MOSFET switches between BP and GND, while HDRV driver for the high-side MOSFET is referenced to SW and switches between BOOT and SW. The drivers have non-overlapping timing that is governed by an adaptive delay circuit to minimize body diode conduction in the synchronous rectifier. Pre-Bias Startup The TPS4030x contains a circuit to prevent current from being pulled from the output during startup in the condition the output is pre-biased. There are no PWM pulses until the internal soft-start voltage rises above the error amplifier input (FB pin), if the output is pre-biased. Once the soft-start voltage exceeds the error amplifier input, the controller slowly initiates synchronous rectification by starting the synchronous rectifier with a narrow on time. It then increments that on time on a cycle-by-cycle basis until it coincides with the time dictated by (1-D), where D is the duty cycle of the converter. This approach prevents the sinking of current from a pre-biased output, and ensures the output voltage startup and ramp to regulation is smooth and controlled. 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 Power Good The TPS4030x provides an indication that output is good for the converter. This is an open drain signal and pulls low when any condition exists that would indicate that the output of the supply might be out of regulation. These conditions include the following: • VFB is more than ±12.5% from nominal • Soft-start is active • A short circuit condition has been detected NOTE When there is no power to the device, PGOOD is not able to pull close to GND if an auxiliary supply is used for the power good indication. In this case, a built in resistor connected from drain to gate on the PGOOD pull down device makes the PGOOD pin look approximately like a diode to GND. Thermal Shutdown If the junction temperature of the device reaches the thermal shutdown limit of 145°C, the PWM and the oscillator are turned off and HDRV and LDRV are driven low. When the junction cools to the required level (125°C typical), the PWM initiates soft start as during a normal power-up cycle. Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 Submit Documentation Feedback 13 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com DESIGN EXAMPLES Design Example 1: Using the TPS40305 for a 12 V to 1.8 V Point-of-Load Synchronous Buck Regulator 12 V to 1.8 V Point-of-Load Synchronous Buck Regulator The following example illustrates the design process and component selection for a 12 V to 1.8 V point-of-load synchronous buck regulator using the TPS40305. Table 1. Design Example Electrical Characteristics PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX VIN Input voltage 8 VIN(ripple) Input ripple voltage IOUT = 10 A VOUT Output voltage 0 A ≤ IOUT ≤ 10 A Line regulation 8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 14 V 0.5% Load regulation 0 A ≤ IOUT ≤ 10 A 0.5% VRIPPLE Output voltage ripple IOUT = 10 A VOVER Output overshoot IOUT falling from 7 A to 3 A 100 VUNDER Output undershoot IOUT rising from 3 A to 7 A 100 IOUT Output current 4.5 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V tSS Soft start time VIN = 12 V ISCP Short circuit current trip point f SW Switching frequency η Efficiency VIN = 12 V, IOUT = 5 A 90% η Full load efficiency VIN = Nom, IOUT = Max 80% 1.764 1.800 V 0.6 V 1.836 V 36 mV mV mV 0 10 1.5 13 UNIT 14 A ms 15 A 1200 kHz + Figure 14. TPS40305 Design Example Schematic The list of materials for this application is shown in Table 3. The loop response and efficiency from boards built using this design are shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16. Gerber Files and additional application information are available from the factory. Design Procedure Selecting the Switching Frequency To achieve the small size for this design the TPS40305, with f component size. 14 Submit Documentation Feedback SW = 1200 kHz, is selected for minimal external Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 Inductor Selection (L1) Synchronous buck power inductors are typically sized for approximately 30% peak-to-peak ripple current (IRIPPLE) Given this target ripple current, the required inductor size can be calculated in Equation 3. L» VIN(max ) - VOUT 0.3 ´ IOUT ´ VOUT 1 14 V - 1.8 V 1.8 V 1 ´ = ´ ´ = 471nH VIN(max ) fSW 0.3 ´ 10A 14 V 1200 kHz (3) Selecting a standard 400-nH inductor value, solve for IRIPPLE =3.5 A The RMS current through the inductor is approximated by Equation 4. IL(rms ) = IL(avg)2 + 2 1 I 12 RIPPLE = IOUT 2 + 2 1 I 12 RIPPLE = 102 + 1 3.52 12 = 10.05 A (4) Output Capacitor Selection (C12) The selection of the output capacitor is typically driven by the output transient response. Equation 5 and Equation 6 overestimate the voltage deviation to account for delays in the loop bandwidth and can be used to determine the required output capacitance. 2 I I I I ´L ´L VOVER < TRAN ´ DT = TRAN ´ TRAN = TRAN COUT COUT VOUT VOUT ´ COUT VUNDER < (5) ITRAN2 ´L ´L ITRAN I I ´ DT = TRAN ´ TRAN = COUT COUT VIN - VOUT (VIN - VOUT )´ COUT (6) If VIN(min) > 2 x VOUT, use overshoot (Equation 5) to calculate minimum output capacitance. If VIN(min) < 2 x VOUT, use undershoot(Equation 6) to calculate minimum output capacitance. COUT(min) = ITRAN(max)2 ´ L (VOUT )´ VOVER = 42 ´ 400nH = 35 mF 1.8 ´ 100mV With a minimum capacitance, the maximum allowable ESR is determined by approximated by Equation 8. æ IRIPPLE VRIPPLE(total) - ç VRIPPLE(total) - VRIPPLE(cap) è 8 ´ COUT ´ fSW = ESRMAX = IRIPPLE IRIPPLE (7) the maximum ripple voltage and is ö ÷ ø æ ö 3.5 A 36mV - ç ÷ 8 ´ 35 m F ´ 1200kHz è ø = 7mW = 3.5 A (8) Two 0805, 22-µF, 6.3 V, X5R ceramic capacitors are selected to provide more than 35-µF of minimum capacitance and less than 7 mΩ of ESR (2.5 mΩ each). Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 Submit Documentation Feedback 15 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com Peak Current Rating of Inductor With output capacitance, it is possible to calculate the charge current during start-up and determine the minimum saturation current rating for the inductor. The start-up charging current is approximated by Equation 9. V ´ COUT 1.8 V ´ 2 ´ 22 mF ICHARGE = OUT = = 0.053 A tSS 1.5ms (9) IL(peak ) = IOUT(max) + 12 IRIPPLE + ICHARGE = 10 A + 12 ´ 3.5 A + 0.053 A = 11.8 A (10) Table 2. Inductor Requirements SYMBOL L PARAMETER Inductance VALUE UNITS 400 nH IL(rms) RMS current (thermal rating) 10.05 A IL(peak) Peak current (saturation rating) 11.8 A A PG0083.401, 400 nH inductor is selected for its small size, low DCR (3.0mΩ) and high-current handling capability (17-A thermal, 27-A saturation). Input Capacitor Selection (C8) The input voltage ripple is divided between capacitance and ESR. For this design VRIPPLE(cap) = 150 mV and VRIPPLE(esr) = 150 mV. The minimum capacitance and maximum ESR are estimated by Equation 11. ILOAD ´ VOUT 10 ´ 1.8 V = = 12.5 mF CIN(min) = VRIPPLE(cap) ´ VIN ´ fSW 150mV ´ 8 V ´ 1200kHz (11) ESR MAX = VRIPPLE(esr ) ILOAD + 1 = 2 IRIPPLE 150 mV = 12.7 m W 11.75 A (12) The RMS current in the input capacitors is estimated by Equation 13. IRM S (cin ) = ILO A D ´ D ´ (1 - D ) = 10 A ´ 0.225 ´ (1 - 0.225 ) = 4.17 A RM S (13) Two 1210, 10-µF, 25-V, X5R ceramic capacitors with approximately 2-mΩ of ESR and a 2.5-A RMS current rating each are selected. Higher voltage capacitors are selected to minimize capacitance loss at the DC bias voltage to ensure the capacitors allow sufficient capacitance at the working voltage. MOSFET Switch Selection (Q1 and Q2) Reviewing available TI NexFET MOSFETs using TI’s NexFET MOSFET selection tool, the CSD16410Q5A and CSD16322Q5 5 mm × 6 mm MOSFETs are selected. These two FETs have maximum total gate charges of 5 nC and 10 nC respectively, which draws 18 mA at 1.2 MHz from the BP regulator, less than its 50 mA minimum rating. Bootstrap Capacitor (C6) To ensure proper charging of the high-side FET gate, limit the ripple voltage on the boost capacitor to less than 50 mV. CBOOST = 20 ´ QG2 = 20 ´ 5nC = 100nF (14) VDD Bypass Capacitor (C7) Per the TPS40305 Electrical Characteristics specifications, select a 1.0-µF X5R or better ceramic bypass capacitor for VDD. BP Bypass Capacitor (C5) As listed in the Electrical Characteristics table, a minimum of 1.0-µF ceramic capacitance is required to stabilize the BP regulator. To limit regulator noise to less than 10 mV, the value of the bypass capacitor is calculated in Equation 15. 16 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 CBP = 100 ´ MAX(QG1,QG2 ) (15) Since Q1 is larger than Q2, and the total gate charge of Q1 is 10 nC, a BP capacitor of 1.0 µF is calculated. A standard value of 1.0 µF is selected to limit noise on the BP regulator. Short Circuit Protection (R11) The TPS40305 uses the negative drop across the low-side FET at the end of the OFF time to measure the inductor current. Allowing for 30% over maximum load and 20% rise in RDS(on)Q1 for self-heating, the voltage drop across the low-side FET at current limit is given by Equation 16. VOC = (1.3 ´ ILOAD - 21 IRIPPLE ) ´ 1.2 ´ RDS(on )Q1 = (1.3 ´ 10 A - 21 3.5 A) ´ 1.2 ´ 4.6mW = 62.1mV (16) The TPS40305 internal temperature coefficient helps compensate for the MOSFET’s RDS(on) temperature coefficient, so the current limit programming resistor is selected by Equation 17. VOC - VOCLOS(min) 62.1mV - ( -8mV) RCS = = = 3.69kW » 3.74kW 2 ´ IOCSET(min) 2 ´ 9.5 mA (17) Feedback Divider (R4, R5) The TPS40305 controller uses a full operational amplifier with an internally fixed 0.600-V reference. R4 is selected between 10 kΩand 50 kΩ for a balance of feedback current and noise immunity. With R4 set to 10 kΩ, The output voltage is programmed with a resistor divider given by Equation 18. VFB ´ R4 0.600 V ´ 10.0kW R5 = = = 5.0kW » 4.99kW VOUT - VFB 1.8 V - 0.600 V (18) Compensation: (C2, C3, C4, R3, R6) Using the TPS40k Loop Stability Tool for 100 kHz bandwidth and 60° phase margin with a R4 value of 10.0 kΩ, the following values are returned. • C2 = C_1 = 820 pF • C3 = C_3 = 150 pF • C4 = C_2 = 3300 pF • R3 = R_2 = 422 Ω • R6 = R_3 = 2.20 kΩ Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 Submit Documentation Feedback 17 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com Design Example Typical Performance Characteristics GAIN AND PHASE vs FREQUENCY EFFICIENCY vs LOAD CURRENT 225 95 180 90 135 85 40 90 80 20 45 0 0 100 -20 h – Efficiency – % Gain – dB 60 VIN = 8 V Phase – ° 80 Phase VIN = 14 V IOUT = 10 A BW = 82 kHz Phase Margin 55° VIN = 12 V VIN = 14 V 75 70 65 -45 Gain 60 -90 -40 55 -60 0.1 1 10 100 -135 1k 50 f – Frequency – kHz 0 4 2 6 8 10 ILOAD – Load Current – A Figure 15. Figure 16. .. vs .. Figure 17. Output Ripple (500 MHz Bandwidth) 18 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 TPS40305 Design Example List of Materials Table 3. Design Example List of Materials REFERENCE DESIGNATOR QTY VALUE DESCRIPTION SIZE PART NUMBER MFR C1 1 3.3 nF Capacitor, Ceramic, 10 V, X7R, 20% 0603 Std Std C2 1 820 pF Capacitor, Ceramic, 25 V, X7R, 10% 0603 Std Std C3 1 150 pF Capacitor, Ceramic, 25 V, X7R, 10% 0603 Std Std C4 1 3300 pF Capacitor, Ceramic, 25 V, X7R, 10% 0603 Std Std C5 1 1.0 µF Capacitor, Ceramic, 10 V, X7R, 20% 0805 Std Std C6 1 100 nF Capacitor, Ceramic, 16 V, X7R, 20% 0603 Std Std C7 1 1 µF Capacitor, Ceramic, 25 V, X7R, 20% 0805 Std Std C8 2 10 µf Capacitor, Ceramic, 25 V, X7R, 10% 1210 Std Std EEVFK1E331P Panasonic C11 1 330 µF Capacitor, Aluminum, 25 V, ±20%, 160mohms 0.328 x 0.390 inch C12 2 22 µF Capacitor, Ceramic, 6.3 V, X5R, 20% 0805 Std Std Inductor, SMT, 17 A 0.268 x 0.268 inch PG0083.401 Pulse L1 1 0.32 µH Q1 1 MOSFET, N-Channel, 25 V, 97 A, 4.6 mΩ QFN-8 POWER CSD16322Q5 TI Q2 1 MOSFET, N-Channel, 25V, 59 A, 9.6 mΩ QFN-8 POWER CSD16410Q5A TI R3 1 422 Ω Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std R4 1 10.0 kΩ Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std R5 1 4.99 kΩ Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std R6 1 2.20 kΩ Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std R8 1 100 kΩ Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std R10 1 2Ω Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std R11 1 3.74 kΩ Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std U1 1 IC, 3V-20V sync. 1.2MHz Buck controller DRC10 TPS40305DRC TI Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 Submit Documentation Feedback 19 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com Layout Information 20 Figure 18. Top Copper with Components .. .. Figure 19. Top Internal Copper Layout .. .. Figure 20. Bottom Internal Copper Layout Figure 21. Bottom Copper Layer Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 Design Example 2: A High Current, Low Voltage Design Using the TPS40304 For this 20-A, 12-V to 1.2-V design, the 600kHz, TPS40304 was selected for the balance between small size and high efficiency. System Design Specifications The system design specifications are shown in Table 4. Table 4. Design Example Electrical Characteristics PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP 8.0 MAX VIN Input voltage VINripple Input ripple IOUT = 20 A VOUT Output voltage 0 A ≤IOUT ≤ 20 A Line regulation 8 V ≤ VIN ≤14 V 0.5% Load regulation 0 A ≤IOUT ≤ 20 A 0.5% VRIPPLE Output ripple IOUT = 20 A VOVER Output overshoot 5 A ≤IOUT ≤ 15 A 100 VUNDER Output undershoot 5 A ≤IOUT ≤ 15 A 100 IOUT Output current 8 V ≤ VIN ≤14 V tSS Soft-start time VIN = 12 V ISCP Short-circuit current trip point Efficiency fSW 1.164 1.200 UNIT 14 V 0.5 V 1.236 V 36 0 mV mV mV 20 1.5 A ms 26 A VIN = 12 V, IOUT = 12 A % Switching frequency 600 Size kHz 1.5 in2 Schematic + + Figure 22. TPS40304 Design Example Schematic Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 Submit Documentation Feedback 21 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com Typical Performance Characteristics EFFICIENCY vs LOAD CURRENT GAIN AND PHASE vs FREQUENCY 100 95 225 VIN = 8 V 90 75 Gain – dB VIN = 14 V 80 VIN = 12 V 70 60 135 40 90 20 45 0 0 Phase – ° Phase 85 h – Efficiency – % 180 80 65 –20 –45 Gain 60 –40 –90 55 –60 1k 50 0 5 10 15 20 10 k 100 k –135 1M f – Frequency – Hz ILOAD – Load Current – A Figure 23. Figure 24. Figure 25. Output Ripple 10 mV/div, 2-µs/div, 20-MHz Bandwidth 22 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 www.ti.com SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 Design Example 3: A Synchronous Buck Application Using the TPS40303 This example illustrates a 3.3-V/5-V/12-V to 0.6-V at 10-A synchronous buck application using the TPS40303 switching at 300 kHz. Schematic + + Figure 26. TPS40303 Design Example Schematic Typical Performance Characteristics A typical efficiency graph for this design example using the TPS40303 is shown in Figure 27.The typical line and load regulation this design example using the TPS40303 is shown in Figure 28 Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 Submit Documentation Feedback 23 TPS40303, TPS40304, TPS40305 SLUS964 – NOVEMBER 2009 www.ti.com EFFICIENCY vs LOAD CURRENT 100 LINE AND LOAD REGULATION 601 VIN = 3.3 V 90 600 VIN = 3.3 V VOUT – Output Voltage – V 80 h – Efficiency – % 70 VIN = 5 V 60 50 VIN = 12 V 40 30 599 598 597 VIN = 5 V 596 595 20 VIN = 12 V 594 10 593 0 2 0 8 6 4 0 10 2 4 6 8 10 ILOAD – Load Current – A ILOAD – Load Current – A Figure 27. Figure 28. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES Related Devices The devices listed in have characteristics similar to the TPS4030x and may be of interest. Table 5. Related Devices DEVICE DESCRIPTION TPS40192/3 4.5 V to 18 V Input 10-pin Synchronous Buck Controller with Power Good TPS40195 4.5 V to 20 V Synchronous Buck Controller with Synchronization and Power Good TPS40190 Low Pin Count Synchronous Buck Controller References These references, design tools and links to additional references, including design software, may be found at http://power.ti.com 1. Additional PowerPAD™ information may be found in Applications Briefs (SLMA002A) and (SLMA004). 2. Under The Hood Of Low Voltage DC/DC Converters – SEM1500 Topic 5 – 2002 Seminar Series 3. Understanding Buck Power Stages in Switchmode Power Supplies, (SLVA057), March 1999 4. Designing Stable Control Loops – SEM 1400 – 2001 Seminar Series Package Outline and Recommended PCB Footprint The following pages outline the mechanical dimensions of the 10-pin DRC package and provide recommendations for PCB layout. 24 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s) :TPS40303 TPS40304 TPS40305 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 11-Dec-2009 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty TPS40303DRCR ACTIVE SON DRC 10 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS40303DRCT ACTIVE SON DRC 10 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS40304DRCR ACTIVE SON DRC 10 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS40304DRCT ACTIVE SON DRC 10 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS40305DRCR ACTIVE SON DRC 10 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS40305DRCT ACTIVE SON DRC 10 250 CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. Addendum-Page 1 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment. TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any TI patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI products or services are used. Information published by TI regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof. Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI. Reproduction of TI information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. Reproduction of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation. Information of third parties may be subject to additional restrictions. Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for any such statements. TI products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications (such as life support) where a failure of the TI product would reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing such use. Buyers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their applications, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of TI products in such safety-critical applications, notwithstanding any applications-related information or support that may be provided by TI. Further, Buyers must fully indemnify TI and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of TI products in such safety-critical applications. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in military/aerospace applications or environments unless the TI products are specifically designated by TI as military-grade or "enhanced plastic." Only products designated by TI as military-grade meet military specifications. Buyers acknowledge and agree that any such use of TI products which TI has not designated as military-grade is solely at the Buyer's risk, and that they are solely responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with such use. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in automotive applications or environments unless the specific TI products are designated by TI as compliant with ISO/TS 16949 requirements. Buyers acknowledge and agree that, if they use any non-designated products in automotive applications, TI will not be responsible for any failure to meet such requirements. Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions: Products Applications Amplifiers amplifier.ti.com Audio www.ti.com/audio Data Converters dataconverter.ti.com Automotive www.ti.com/automotive DLP® Products www.dlp.com Communications and Telecom www.ti.com/communications DSP dsp.ti.com Computers and Peripherals www.ti.com/computers Clocks and Timers www.ti.com/clocks Consumer Electronics www.ti.com/consumer-apps Interface interface.ti.com Energy www.ti.com/energy Logic logic.ti.com Industrial www.ti.com/industrial Power Mgmt power.ti.com Medical www.ti.com/medical Microcontrollers microcontroller.ti.com Security www.ti.com/security RFID www.ti-rfid.com Space, Avionics & Defense www.ti.com/space-avionics-defense RF/IF and ZigBee® Solutions www.ti.com/lprf Video and Imaging www.ti.com/video Wireless www.ti.com/wireless-apps Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated