ΣDECO SM5865CM D/A Converter for Digital Audio NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS INC. OVERVIEW PINOUT The SM5865CM is a 24-bit input D/A converter LSI for high-quality digital audio equipment. It comprises newly developed DEM (dynamic element matching) circuits, 3rd-order Σ∆ noise shaper and 31-level quantizer to realize super low total harmonic distortion and wide dynamic range. Also, the device is widely reduced residual quantization noise up to high-frequency bandwidth in the audio band so the order of the required final-stage analog lowpass filter can be reduced, making it ideal for application with high-frequency sampling format. The output stage employs differential current outputs for highaccuracy analog signals, with appropriate lowpass filtering of the output signal. This device can be used in combination with an 8-times oversampling digital filter of SM5847AF and others like that for the compatibility with 192kHz sampling format. (Top view) DVSS 24 1 AVSSA DI RA IOUTA WCKI VBA IWSL N.C. S M 5 8 6 5 CM BCKI RSTN TSTN TO DVDD CKI AVDDA AVDDB RB IOUTB VBB N.C. CKDVN CVSS FEATURES ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Mono-channel D/A converter LSI High performance • 0.00030 % (–110.5dB) typ. THD + N • 117 dB typ. Dynamic range • 120 dB typ. S/N Input interface • 20 or 24-bit word length • MSB first, right-justified format • 8 or 4 times oversampling at fs = 16/32/44.1/48/ 88.2/96/176.4/192 kHz System clock frequency • 192/256/384/512/768/1024 fs Single 5 V operating supply voltage 24-pin SSOP package Molybdenum-gate CMOS process 13 AVSSB PACKAGE DIMENSIONS (Unit: mm) Weight: 0.23g 24-pin SSOP 5.40 0.20 7.80 0.30 ■ ■ 12 ORDERING INFORMATION 24-pin SSOP 1.80 SM5865CM 0.8 0.36 0.10 0.10 0.12 M +0.20 1.90−0.10 Package 0.10 0.10 Device + 0.10 0.15 − 0.05 10.05 0.20 10.20 0.30 0.50 0.20 0 10 NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—1 SM5865CM BLOCK DIAGRAM TO 8 TSTN RSTN 7 IWSL 6 WCKI 5 BCKI 4 3 DI 2 Input interface 9 DVDD CKI CKDVN CVSS 10 Timing control Divider Interpolation 11 1 12 Noise shaper AVSSB Noise shaper 13 24 31 Level DEM DAC 15 31 Level DEM DAC 16 DVSS 17 18 19 31 Level DEM DAC 31 Level DEM DAC 21 22 AVSSA 23 RA IOUTA VBA AVDDA AVDDB RB IOUTB VBB NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—2 SM5865CM PIN DESCRIPTION Number Name I/O Description 1 DVSS – Digital ground 2 DI I Data input 3 BCKI I Bit clock input 4 WCKI I Word clock input 5 IWSL Ip Input data word length select. 24-bit when HIGH, and 20-bit when LOW. 6 RSTN Ip System reset. Reset when LOW. 7 TSTN Ip Test pin. Tie HIGH or leave open for normal operation. 8 TO O Test output 9 DVDD – Digital supply 10 CKI I System clock input 11 CKDVN Ip System clock frequency divider ratio select. 1 when HIGH (no division), and 2 when LOW (half of the input frequency). 12 CVSS – System clock ground 13 AVSSB – Analog ground B 14 N. C. – Leave open for no connection or connect with ground 15 VBB O 1/2 supply output B 16 IOUTB O Inverse-phase analog output B 17 RB I Built-in resistor connection B 18 AVDDB – Analog supply B 19 AVDDA – Analog supply A 20 N. C. – Leave open for no connection or connect with ground 21 VBA O 1/2 supply output A 22 IOUTA O In-phase analog output A 23 RA I Built-in resistor connection A 24 AVSSA – Analog ground A IP : Pull-up input NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—3 SM5865CM SPECIFICATIONS Absolute Maximum Ratings DVSS = AVSSA = AVSSB = CVSS = 0 V, DVDD = AVDDA = AVDDB Parameter Symbol Rating Unit Supply voltage range DVDD, AVDDA, AVDDB −0.3 to 7.0 V Input voltage range1 VIN DVSS − 0.3 to DVDD + 0.3 V Storage temperature range Tstg −55 to 125 °C Power dissipation PD 250 mW Symbol Rating Unit DVDD, AVDDA, AVDDB 4.5 to 5.5 V DVDD − AVDDA, DVDD − AVDDB, AVDDA − AVDDB, DVSS − AVSSA, DVSS − AVSSB, AVSSA − AVSSB, DVSS − CVSS, AVSSA − CVSS, AVSSB − CVSS ±0.1 V Topr −40 to 85 °C 1. Pins DI, BCKI, WCKI, CKDVN, IWSL, RSTN, TSTN. Also applicable during supply switching. Recommended Operating Conditions DVSS = AVSSA = AVSSB = CVSS = 0 V, DVDD = AVDDA = AVDDB Parameter Supply voltage range Supply voltage variation Operating temperature range NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—4 SM5865CM DC Electrical Characteristics Recommended operating conditions, unless otherwise specified. Rating Parameter DVDD, AVDDA, AVDDB supply current1 Symbol IDD Condition Unit min typ max fCKI = 11.2896 MHz – 7 11 mA fCKI = 16.9344 MHz – 10 14 mA fCKI = 24.576 MHz – 15 19 mA fCKI = 36.864 MHz – 21 26 mA CKI HIGH-level input voltage VIHC 0.7 × DVDD – – V CKI LOW-level input voltage VILC – – 0.3 × DVDD V CKI input voltage VINAC 1.0 – – Vp-p AC coupling HIGH-level input voltage2 VIH 2.4 – – V LOW-level input voltage2 VIL – – 0.5 V HIGH-level output voltage3 VOH IOH = −1 mA DVDD − 0.4 – – V LOW-level output voltage3 VOL IOL = 1 mA – – 0.4 V CKI HIGH-level input current IIHC VIN = DVDD 30 60 120 µA CKI LOW-level input current IILC VIN = 0 V 30 60 120 µA LOW-level input current4 IIL2 VIN = 0 V – 5 15 µA HIGH-level input leakage current5 IIH1 VIN = DVDD – – 1.0 µA LOW-level input leakage current5 IIL1 VIN = 0 V – – 1.0 µA HIGH-level input leakage current4 IIH2 VIN = DVDD – – 1.0 µA 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. No output load, NPC-standard input data pattern. Pins DI, BCKI, WCKI, CKDVN, IWSL, RSTN, TSTN. Pin TO. Pins CKDVN, IWSL, RSTN, TSTN. Pins DI, BCKI, WCKI. NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—5 SM5865CM AC Electrical Characteristics System clock Input (CKI) Rating Parameter Symbol Unit min typ max CKI clock frequency fCKI 5 – 60 MHz HIGH-level clock pulsewidth tCWH 5 – – ns LOW-level clock pulsewidth tCWL 5 – – ns 1/f CKI VIHC 0.5∗DVDD VILC CKI t CWL t CWH Internal System Clock Rating Parameter Internal system clock frequency Symbol Condition fSYS Unit min typ max 5 – 46 MHz Internal system clock frequency is the same as the CKI clock frequency when CKDVN = HIGH. Internal system clock frequency is half the CKI clock frequency when CKDVN = LOW. Reset Input (RSTN) Rating Parameter Symbol Condition At power ON RSTN LOW-level pulsewidth tRSTN After power ON Unit min typ max 1 – – µs 100 – – ns NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—6 SM5865CM Serial input (BCKI, DI, WCKI) Rating Parameter Symbol Unit min typ max BCKI HIGH-level pulsewidth tBCWH 10 – – ns BCKI LOW-level pulsewidth tBCWL 10 – – ns BCKI pulse cycle tBCY 22 – – ns DI setup time tDS 5 – – ns DI hold time tDH 5 – – ns WCKI edge to first BCKI rising edge tWB 10 – – ns Last BCKI rising edge to WCKI edge tBW 10 – – ns BCKI 1.5V t BCWH t BCWL t BCY DI 1.5V t DS t DH WCKI 1.5V t WB t BW Group Delay Rating Parameter Group delay1 Symbol Tgd Condition Unit min typ max – – 2/fsi s 1. fsi is the input sampling rate of SM5865CM. For example, fsi is 384kHz when this LSI is used in combination with an 8-times oversampling digital filter of which input sampling rate is 48kHz. NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—7 SM5865CM AC Analog Characteristics Measurement Conditions External 8fs digital filter : NPC SM5847AF External operational amplifier : JRC NJM5534D Supply voltage SM5865CM : DVDD = AVDDA = AVDDB = 5V, DVSS = AVSSA = AVSSB = CVSS = 0V SM5847AF : + 3.3V NJM5534D : ± 15V Ambient temperature : 25 °C Input data of SM5847AF : 48kHz sampling (fs), 24-bit data System clock : 24.576MHz (= 512fs), (64fs noise shaper operation) Audio analyzer : Audio Precision System Two (RMS mode) Measurement filter condition : THD + N 22HzHPF, 20kHzLPF (FLP-A20K) : D.R 22HzHPF, 22kHzLPF, A-weight (FIL-AWT) : S/N 22HzHPF, 22kHzLPF, A-weight (FIL-AWT) Measurement circuits diagram : See next page. Analog Characteristics Rating Parameter Output level1 Total harmonic distortion Symbol Condition Unit min typ max Vout 1 kHz, 0 dB 1.28 1.33 1.38 Vrms THD + N 1 kHz, 0 dB – 0.00030 (− 110.5dB) 0.00060 (− 104.4dB) % Dynamic range D.R 1 kHz, −60 dB 111 117 – dB Signal-to-noise ratio S/N 1 kHz, 0/−∞ dB 117 120 – dB Gain drift G.D – 10 – ppm/°C 1. Vout is the output level of the first I–V conversion stage. NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—8 + GND C8 0.1µ GND 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 AVSSB N.C. VBB IOUTB RB AVDDB AVDDA N.C. VBA IOUTA RA AVSSA IC1 SM5865CM CVSS CKDVN CKI DVDD TO TSTN RSTN IWSL WCKI BCKI DI DVSS 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 GND GND C6 0.1µ GND GND R7 4.7k R6 4.7k VDD C1 330p C7 470µ VDD + CKI VDD C9 100µ WCKI BCKI DI GND 1 3 2 6 R1 820 VCC VEE VEE U2 4 1 8 NJM5534D 6 R2 820 U1 4 1 8 NJM5534D C2 330p 7 5 3 2 7 5 VCC 3 2 6 C5 4.7µ R4 620 C4 220p VEE GND U3 4 1 8 NJM5534D 7 5 VCC R3 620 C3 220p R5 470 GND J1 OUT 2Vrms SM5865CM Measurement circuit NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—9 SM5865CM Dynamics Characteristics (under Measurement Conditions in page 8) +0 +0 -10 -10 -20 -20 -30 -30 -40 -40 -50 -50 -60 -60 d B r -70 -80 d B r A -90 A -70 -80 -90 -100 -100 -110 -110 -120 -120 -130 -130 -140 -140 -150 -150 -160 -160 2k 4k 6k 8k 10k 12k 14k 16k 18k 20k 10k 20k 30k 40k Hz 70k 80k 90k 100k Figure 2. 0dB input FFT (2) (1kHz notchfilter 32768point 8average) -80 +0 -82 -10 -84 -20 -86 -30 -88 -40 -90 -92 -50 -94 -60 -96 -70 -98 d B -80 -100 -102 -90 A 60k Hz Figure 1. 0dB input FFT (1) (1kHz notchfilter 32768point 8average) d B r 50k -104 -100 -106 -110 -108 -120 -110 -112 -130 -114 -140 -116 -150 -118 -120 -160 2k 4k 6k 8k 10k 12k 14k 16k 18k 20k 10 20 50 100 200 Hz 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k Hz Figure 3. –60dB input FFT (32768point 8average) Figure 4. THD + N vs. Frequency 1 -70 0.5 -72.5 0.2 -77.5 -75 -80 0.1 -82.5 -85 0.05 -87.5 -90 0.02 % 0.01 d -92.5 B -95 r 0.005 A -97.5 -100 -102.5 0.002 -105 -107.5 0.001 -110 -112.5 0.0005 -115 -117.5 0.0002 0.0001 -60 -120 -120 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 dBFS -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 +0 dBFS +0 Figure 5. THD + N(%) vs. Amplitude Figure 6. THD + N (dB) vs. Amplitude +0 +1 -10 +0.9 +0.8 -20 +0.7 -30 +0.6 +0.5 -40 +0.4 -50 d B r A +0.3 +0.2 d +0.1 B +0 r -60 -70 A -80 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -90 -0.4 -100 -0.5 -0.6 -110 -0.7 -120 -0.8 -0.9 -130 -140 -140 -1 10 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 dBFS -60 -50 Figure 7. Linearity -40 -30 -20 -10 +0 20 50 100 200 500 Hz 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k Figure 8. Evaluation Board Frequency Response NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—10 SM5865CM FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Analog Outputs IOUTA, IOUTB The SM5865CM input data in-phase signal is processed by noise shaper A and 31-level DEM-DAC with current output on differential output A, and input data reverse-phase signal is processed by noise shaper B and 31level DEM-DAC with current output on differential output B. Differential outputs A and B also have separate in-phase and reverse-phase outputs: A in-phase output and B reverse-phase output are connected internally and output on IOUTA, and B in-phase output and A reverse-phase output are connected internally and output on IOUTB. The IOUTA and IOUTB current outputs are I/V converted by external circuit and then input to a differential input op-amp to obtain the final analog signal. RA, RB Internal resistors are connected between IOUTA and RA pins and between IOUTB and RB pins, which serve as the op-amp feedback resistors. The feedback resistors have a resistance of 4.7kΩ. The I/V converter output gain can be adjusted by connecting external resistors in parallel or serial with the internal resistors. Note, however, that the internal resistance can vary from device to device by ±10%, and if external resistors are used, the output level changes depending on the difference between each resistor ratio. If the I/V converter gain is increased, a dynamic range higher even than that given in “Analog Characteristics (page 8)” can be obtained. In-phase output A Data input Noise shaper A RA IOUTA 31 Level DEM DAC Inverse-phase output A In-phase output B Noise shaper B RB IOUTB 31 Level DEM DAC Inverse-phase output B Figure 9. Analog outputs NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—11 SM5865CM VBA, VBB A 0.5VDD signal is output from VBA, VBB using a resistor divider network. Using these pins allows the use of the SM5865CM to replace the pin-compatible SM5865BM product. RA 31 Level DEM DAC IOUTA 31 Level DEM DAC VBA SM5865CM RB 31 Level DEM DAC IOUTB 31 Level DEM DAC VBB Figure 10. VBA, VBB Audio Data Input (DI, BCKI, WCKI, IWSL) ■ Input data format The audio data is input in MSB-first, 2s-complement, 24-bit/20-bit serial format. The input word bit length is selected by IWSL, 24-bit when HIGH, and 20-bit when LOW. ■ Jitter-free function The SM5865CM serial input data from DI synchronize with the word clock (WCKI) and are read into the first register stage, and those also synchronize with the clock derived from divided system clock and are read into the next register stage. This word clock and the system clock are always phase compared. When a phase shift was detected, the comparison result is used to perform input timing adjustment in the system clock. Therefore this process enable internal calculations not to be affected by generated large jitter on the word clock or changing the sampling rate during inputting data. System Clock Divider (CKDVN) The SM5865CM has a built-in clock frequency divider. The divider enables the internal system clock to operate at half the input frequency, for example when the external system clock input frequency is high. System Reset (RSTN) The device should be reset in the following cases. ■ ■ At power ON When the system clock CKI stops, or other abnormalities occur. The device is reset by applying a LOW-level pulse on RSTN. NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—12 SM5865CM Theoretical Quantization Noise Reduction The SM5865CM employs a 3rd-order 31-level quantized noise shaper to widely reduce quantization noise in the audio band to the high frequency bandwidth. The theoretical quantization noise level at 16fs to 96fs operation is shown in figure 11. 0 10 0 dB sine wave equivalent white noise level 20 30 16fs 40 Quantization noise (dB) 24fs 16-bit, fs quantization noise level 50 32fs 60 48fs 64fs 70 80 96fs 90 100 110 120 130 20-bit, fs quantization noise level 140 150 24-bit, fs quantization noise level 160 170 180 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Frequency (fs) Figure 11. Theoretical quantization noise level NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—13 SM5865CM Internal Oversampling Operation The SM5865CM accepts data output from an 8-times or 4-times oversampling digital filter, and oversampled internally again up to the noise shaper operating rate. The internal oversampling factor is determined automatically from the system clock input frequency and the input sampling frequency. This internal oversampling factor (n) must be an integer satisfying the conditions shown in table 1. Table 1. Operating conditions Parameter fWCKI and fCKI compulsory conditions1 Noise shaper operating frequency CKDVN = HIGH CKDVN = LOW f CKI = f WCKI × 8 × n f CKI = f WCKI × 16 × n where n = 1, 2, 3, ... where n = 1, 2, 3, ... f CKI f ns = f WCKI × n = ---------8 f CKI f ns = f WCKI × n = ---------16 1. fWCKI = word clock frequency, fCKI = input system clock frequency, n = internal oversampling factor Word clock input SM5865CM WCKI System clock input CKI System clock divider select CKDVN Figure 12. Clock-related inputs NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—14 SM5865CM System Clock Frequencies Table 2 shows some possible combinations for the circuit configuration shown in figure 13. fs fWCKI Interpolating filter SM5865CM (8-times/4-times) fCKI CKDVN Figure 13. Circuit configuration Table 2. System clock frequencies (CKDVN = HIGH) fs System clock frequency1 fCKI Noise shaper operating rate Internal factor (8fs input) Internal factor (4fs input) 16 kHz 6.144 MHz (384fs) 48fs 6 12 16 kHz 8.192 MHz (512fs) 64fs 8 16 16 kHz 12.288 MHz (768fs) 96fs 12 24 32 kHz 6.144 MHz (192fs) 24fs 3 6 32 kHz 8.192 MHz (256fs) 32fs 4 8 32 kHz 12.288 MHz (384fs) 48fs 6 12 32 kHz 16.384 MHz (512fs) 64fs 8 16 32 kHz 24.576 MHz (768fs) 96fs 12 24 44.1 kHz 8.4672 MHz (192fs) 24fs 3 6 44.1 kHz 11.2896 MHz (256fs) 32fs 4 8 44.1 kHz 16.9344 MHz (384fs) 48fs 6 12 44.1 kHz 22.5792 MHz (512fs) 64fs 8 16 44.1 kHz 33.8688 MHz (768fs) 96fs 12 24 48 kHz 9.216 MHz (192fs) 24fs 3 6 48 kHz 12.288 MHz (256fs) 32fs 4 8 48 kHz 18.432 MHz (384fs) 48fs 6 12 48 kHz 24.576 MHz (512fs) 64fs 8 16 48 kHz 36.864 MHz (768fs) 96fs 12 24 88.2 kHz 16.9344 MHz (192fs) 24fs 3 6 88.2 kHz 22.5792 MHz (256fs) 32fs 4 8 88.2 kHz 33.8688 MHz (384fs) 48fs 6 12 88.2 kHz 45.1584 MHz (512fs) 64fs 8 16 96 kHz 18.432 MHz (192fs) 24fs 3 6 96 kHz 24.576 MHz (256fs) 32fs 4 8 96 kHz 36.864 MHz (384fs) 48fs 6 12 176.4 kHz 33.8688 MHz (192fs) 24fs 3 6 176.4 kHz 45.1584 MHz (256fs) 32fs 4 8 192 kHz 36.864 MHz (192fs) 24fs 3 6 1. When CKDVN = LOW, the system clock frequency fCKI is halved, so the values shown are half the input frequency required for the same sampling rate and internal factors. NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—15 SM5865CM TIMING DIAGRAMS 192fs System Clock Input Timing 1 / 8fs WCKI CKI BCKI (1)20bit * LSB MSB DI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 BCKI (2)20bit LSB MSB DI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 BCKI (3)24bit LSB MSB DI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 384fs System Clock Input Timing 1 / 8fs WCKI CKI BCKI (1)20bit * LSB MSB DI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 BCKI (2)20bit MSB DI LSB 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 BCKI (3)24bit MSB DI LSB 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 *: Data can be input at any period within the word clock cycle. NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—16 SM5865CM 256fs System Clock Input Timing 1 / 8fs WCKI CKI BCKI (1)20bit * LSB MSB DI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 BCKI (2)20bit LSB MSB DI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 BCKI (3)24bit * LSB MSB DI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 BCKI (4)24bit LSB MSB DI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 512fs System Clock Input Timing 1 / 8fs WCKI CKI BCKI (1)20bit * LSB MSB DI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 BCKI (2)20bit LSB MSB DI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 BCKI (3)24bit * LSB MSB DI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 BCKI (4)24bit MSB DI LSB 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 *: Data can be input at any period within the word clock cycle. NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—17 SM5865CM TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Input Interface Circuit XTI DOL DOR SM5847AF WCKO BCKO CKI DI WCKI BCKI SM5865CM CKI DI WCKI BCKI SM5865CM NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—18 SM5865CM Analog Output Circuits Analog Output Circuit 1 RA 31 Level DEM DAC IOUTA 31 Level DEM DAC SM5865CM RB 31 Level DEM DAC IOUTB 31 Level DEM DAC Analog Output Circuit 2 RA 31 Level DEM DAC IOUTA 31 Level DEM DAC SM5865CM RB 31 Level DEM DAC IOUTB 31 Level DEM DAC Note that the output analog characteristics and other specifications are not guaranteed for particular formats or application circuits. Note that NPC has no responsibility for patents related to application circuits in these datasheets. NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—19 SM5865CM NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS INC. reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this data sheet in order to improve the design or performance and to supply the best possible products. Nippon Precision Circuits Inc. assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuits shown in this data sheet, conveys no license under any patent or other rights, and makes no claim that the circuits are free from patent infringement. Applications for any devices shown in this data sheet are for illustration only and Nippon Precision Circuits Inc. makes no claim or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the use specified without further testing or modification. The products described in this data sheet are not intended to use for the apparatus which influence human lives due to the failure or malfunction of the products. Customers are requested to comply with applicable laws and regulations in effect now and hereinafter, including compliance with export controls on the distribution or dissemination of the products. Customers shall not export, directly or indirectly, any products without first obtaining required licenses and approvals from appropriate government agencies. NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS INC. NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS INC. 4-3, Fukuzumi 2-chome Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8430, Japan Telephone: +81-3-3642-6661 Facsimile: +81-3-3642-6698 http://www.npc.co.jp/ Email: [email protected] NC0019AE 2000.12 NIPPON PRECISION CIRCUITS—20