MT88E45B 4-Wire Calling Number Identification Circuit 2 (4-Wire CNIC2) Features • • • • • • • • • Compatible with: • Bellcore GR-30-CORE, SR-TSV-002476, ANSI/TIA/EIA-716, TIA/EIA-777; • ETSI ETS 300 778-1 (FSK only variant) & -2; • BT (British Telecom) SIN227 & SIN242 Bellcore ‘CPE Alerting Signal’ (CAS), ETSI ‘Dual Tone Alerting Signal’ (DT-AS), BT Idle State and Loop State ‘Tone Alert Signal’ detection 1200 baud Bell 202 and CCITT V.23 FSK demodulation Separate differential input amplifiers with adjustable gain for Tip/Ring and telephone hybrid or speech IC connections Selectable 3-wire FSK data interface (bit stream or 1 byte buffer) Facility to monitor the stop bit for framing error check FSK Carrier detect status output 3 to 5V +/- 10% supply voltage Uses 3.579545MHz crystal or ceramic resonator Low power CMOS with power down Applications • • • • Bellcore CID (Calling Identity Delivery) and CIDCW (Calling Identity Delivery on Call Waiting) telephones and adjuncts ETSI, BT CLIP (Calling Line Identity Presentation) and CLIP with Call Waiting telephones and adjuncts Fax and answering machines Computer Telephony Integration (CTI) systems Ordering Information MT88E45BS 20 Pin SOIC MT88E45BN 20 Pin SSOP -40°C to 85°C Description The MT88E45B is a low power CMOS integrated circuit suitable for receiving the physical layer signals used in North American (Bellcore) Calling Identity Delivery on Call Waiting (CIDCW) and Calling Identity Delivery (CID) services. It is also suitable for ETSI and BT Calling Line Identity Presentation (CLIP) and CLIP with Call Waiting services. The MT88E45B contains a 1200 baud Bell 202/ CCITT V.23 FSK demodulator and a CAS/DT-AS detector. Two input op-amps allow the MT88E45B to be connected to both Tip/Ring and the telephone hybrid or speech IC receive pair for optimal CIDCW telephone architectural implementation. FSK demodulation is always on Tip/Ring, while CAS detection can be on Tip/Ring or Hybrid Receive. Tip/ Ring CAS detection is required for the Bellcore/TIA Multiple Extension Interworking (MEI) and BT’s onhook CLIP. A selectable FSK data interface allows the data to be processed as a bit stream or extracted from a 1 byte on chip buffer. Power management has been incorporated to power down the FSK or CAS section when not required. Full chip power down is also available. The MT88E45B is suitable for applications using a fixed power source (with a +/10% variation) between 3 and 5V. MODE FSKen+Tip/Ring CASen IN1+ + IN1- - Anti-Alias Filter PWDN GS1 + IN2- - Carrier Detector Hybrid CASen PWDN MODE Bias Generator PWDN FSKen OSC2 2130Hz Bandpass CASen Control Bit Decode Oscillator OSC1 DATA Data Timing Recovery DCLK FSKen CASen GS2 VREF FSK Demodulator PWDN PWDN IN2+ FSK Bandpass 2750Hz Bandpass CD DR STD Tone Detection Algorithm CASen Guard Time Mux • May 2003 DR/STD ST/GT EST Vdd Vss CB0 CB1 CB2 Figure 1 - Functional Block Diagram 1 MT88E45B Data Sheet VREF 1 20 IN2+ IN1+ 2 19 IN2- IN1- 3 18 GS2 GS1 4 17 CB2 Vss 5 16 CB1 OSC1 6 15 Vdd OSC2 7 14 CD CB0 8 13 ST/GT DCLK 9 12 EST DATA 10 11 DR/STD MT88E45B Figure 2 - Pin Connections Pin Description Pin # Name 1 VREF Voltage Reference (Output). Nominally Vdd/2. It is used to bias the Tip/Ring and Hybrid input opamps. 2 IN1+ Tip/Ring Op-amp Non-inverting (Input). 3 IN1- Tip/Ring Op-amp Inverting (Input). 4 GS1 Tip/Ring Gain Select (Output). This is the output of the Tip/Ring connection op-amp. The opamp should be used to connect the MT88E45B to Tip and Ring. The Tip/Ring signal can be amplified or attenuated at GS1 via selection of the feedback resistor between GS1 and IN1-. FSK demodulation (which is always on Tip/Ring) or CAS detection (for MEI or BT on-hook CLIP) of the GS1 signal is enabled via the CB1 and CB2 pins. See Tables 1 and 2. 5 Vss Power supply ground. 6 OSC1 Oscillator (Input). Crystal connection. This pin can also be driven directly from an external clock source. 7 OSC2 Oscillator (Output). Crystal connection. When OSC1 is driven by an external clock, this pin should be left open. 8 9 2 Description CB0 Control Bit 0 (CMOS Input). This pin is used primarily to select the 3-wire FSK data interface mode. When it is low, interface mode 0 is selected where the FSK bit stream is output directly. When it is high, interface mode 1 is selected where the FSK byte is stored in a 1 byte buffer which can be read serially by the application’s microcontroller. The FSK interface is consisted of the DATA, DCLK and DR/STD pins. See the 3 pin descriptions to understand how CB0 affects the FSK interface. When CB0 is high and CB1, CB2 are both low the MT88E45B is put into a power down state consuming minimal power supply current. See Tables 1 and 2. DCLK 3-wire FSK Interface Data Clock (Schmitt Input/CMOS Output). In mode 0 (when the CB0 pin is logic low) this is a CMOS output which denotes the nominal mid-point of a FSK data bit. In mode 1 (when the CB0 pin is logic high) this is a Schmitt trigger input used to shift the FSK data byte out to the DATA pin. MT88E45B Data Sheet Pin Description Pin # Name 10 11 12 13 DATA Description 3-wire FSK Interface Data (CMOS Output). Mark frequency corresponds to logical 1. Space frequency corresponds to logical 0. In mode 0 (when the CB0 pin is logic low) the FSK serial bit stream is output to the DATA pin directly. In mode 1 (when the CB0 pin is logic high) the start bit is stripped off, the data byte and the trailing stop bit are stored in a 9 bit buffer. At the end of each word signalled by the DR/STD pin, the microcontroller should shift the byte out onto the DATA pin by applying 8 read pulses to the DCLK pin. A 9th DCLK pulse will shift out the stop bit for framing error checking. DR/STD 3-wire FSK Interface Data Ready/CAS Detection Delayed Steering (CMOS Output). Active low. When FSK demodulation is enabled via the CB1 and CB2 pins this pin is the Data Ready output. It denotes the end of a word. In both FSK interface modes 0 and 1, it is normally hi and goes low for half a bit time at the end of a word. But in mode 1 if DCLK starts during DR low, the first rising edge of the DCLK input will return DR to high. This feature allows an interrupt requested by a low going DR to be cleared upon reading the first DATA bit. When CAS detection is enabled via the CB1 and CB2 pins this pin is the Delayed Steering output. It goes low to indicate that a time qualified CAS has been detected. EST CAS Detection Early Steering (CMOS Output). Active high. This pin is the raw CAS detection output. It goes high to indicate the presence of a signal meeting the CAS accept frequencies and signal level. It is used in conjunction with the ST/GT pin and external components to time qualify the detection to determine whether the signal is a real CAS. ST/GT CAS Detection Steering/Guard Time (CMOS Output/Analog Input). It is used in conjunction with the EST pin and external components to time qualify the detection to determine whether the signal is a real CAS. A voltage greater than VTGt at this pin causes the MT88E45B to indicate that a CAS has been detected by asserting the DR/STD pin low. A voltage less than VTGt frees up the MT88E45B to accept a new CAS and returns DR/STD to high. 14 CD Carrier Detect (CMOS Output). Active low. A logic low indicates that an FSK signal is present. A time hysteresis is provided to allow for momentary signal discontinuity. The demodulated FSK data is ignored by the MT88E45B until carrier detect has been activated. 15 Vdd Positive power supply. 16 CB1 Control Bit 1 (CMOS Input). Together with CB2 this pin selects the MT88E45B’s functionality between FSK demodulation, Tip/Ring CAS detection and Hybrid CAS detection. When CB0 is high and CB1, CB2 are both low the MT88E45B is put into a power down state consuming minimal power supply current. See Tables 1 and 2. 17 CB2 Control Bit 2 (CMOS Input). Together with CB1 this pin selects the MT88E45B’s functionality between FSK demodulation, Tip/Ring CAS detection and Hybrid CAS detection. When CB0 is high and CB1, CB2 are both low the MT88E45B is put into a power down state consuming minimal power supply current. See Tables 1 and 2. 18 GS2 Hybrid Gain Select (Output). This is the output of the hybrid receive connection op-amp. The opamp should be used to connect the MT88E45B to the telephone hybrid or speech IC receive pair. The hybrid receive signal can be amplified or attenuated at GS2 via selection of the feedback resistor between GS2 and IN2-. When the CPE is off-hook CAS detection of the GS2 signal should be enabled via the CB1 and CB2 pins. See Tables 1 and 2. 19 IN2- Hybrid Op-amp Inverting (Input). 20 IN2+ Hybrid Op-amp Non-Inverting (Input). 3 MT88E45B CB0 CB1 CB2 Data Sheet FSK Interface Function 0/1 1 1 Set by CB0 FSK Demodulation. Tip/Ring input (GS1) selected. DR/STD is DR. 0/1 1 0 Set by CB0 Hybrid CAS Detection. Hybrid Receive input (GS2) selected. DR/STD is STD. 0/1 0 1 Set by CB0 Tip/Ring CAS Detection. Tip/Ring input (GS1) selected. DR/STD is STD. When the line is off-hook, a Bellcore/TIA Multiple Extension Interworking (MEI) compatible Type 2 CPE should be able to detect CAS from Tip/Ring while the CPE is on-hook because it may be the ACK sender. Tip/Ring CAS detection is also required for BT’s on-hook CLIP. 1 0 0 Mode 1 Power Down. The MT88E45B is disabled and draws virtually no power supply current. 0 0 0 Mode 0 Reserved for factory testing. Table 1 - CB0/1/2 Functionality The number of control bits (CB) required to interface the MT88E45B with the microcontroller depends on the functionality of the application, as shown in Table 2. Control s Functionality Group Description FSK (mode 0 or 1) and Hybrid CAS only (Non MEI compatible) CB2 CB0 is hardwired to Vdd or Vss to select the FSK interface. CB1 hardwired to Vdd. The microcontroller uses CB2 to select between the 2 functions. FSK (mode 0 or 1), Hybrid CAS, Tip/Ring CAS (MEI compatible or BT on-hook CLIP) CB1 CB2 CB0 is hardwired to Vdd or Vss to select the FSK interface. The microcontroller uses CB1 and CB2 to select between the 3 functions. FSK (mode 1), Hybrid CAS, Tip/Ring CAS, Power Down (MEI compatible or BT on-hook CLIP) CB1 CB2 CB0 is hardwired to Vdd to select FSK interface mode 1. The microcontroller uses CB1 and CB2 to select between the 4 functions. FSK (mode 0), Hybrid CAS, Tip/Ring CAS, Power Down (MEI compatible or BT on-hook CLIP) CB0 CB1 CB2 All 3 pins are required. Table 2 - Control Bit Functionality Groups Functional Overview The MT88E45B is compatible with FSK and FSK plus CAS (CPE Alerting Signal) based Caller ID services around the world. Caller ID is the generic name for a group of services offered by telephone operating companies whereby information about the calling party is delivered to the subscriber. In Europe and some other countries Caller ID is known as Calling Line Identity Presentation (CLIP). ETSI calls CAS ‘Dual Tone Alerting Signal’ (DT-AS), BT calls it ‘Tone Alert Signal’. Depending on the service, data delivery can occur when the line is in the on-hook or off-hook state. In most countries the data is modulated in either Bell 4 202 or CCITT V.23 FSK format and transmitted at 1200 baud from the serving end office to the subscriber’s terminal. Additionally in off-hook signalling, the special dual tone CAS is used to alert the terminal before FSK data transmission. BT uses CAS to alert the terminal prior to FSK in both onhook (Idle State) and off-hook (Loop State) signalling. In North America, Caller ID uses the voiceband data transmission interface defined in the Bellcore document GR-30-CORE. The terminal or CPE (Customer Premises Equipment) requirements are defined in Bellcore document SR-TSV-002476. Typical services are CND (Calling Number Delivery), CNAM (Calling Name Delivery), VMWI (Visual Data Sheet Message Waiting Indicator) and CIDCW (Calling Identity Delivery on Call Waiting). In Europe, Caller ID requirements are defined by ETSI. The CPE documents are ETS 300 778-1 for on-hook, ETS 300 778-2 for off-hook. The end office requirements are ETS 300 659-1 (on-hook) and ETS 300 659-2 (off-hook). ETSI has defined services such as CLIP and CLIP with Call Waiting which are similar to those of Bellcore. Some European countries produce their own national specifications. For example, in the UK BT’s standards are SIN227 and SIN242, the UK CCA (Cable Communications Association) standard is TW/P&E/312. In on-hook Caller ID, such as CND, CNAM and CLIP, the information is typically transmitted (in FSK) from the end office before the subscriber picks up the phone. There are various methods such as between the first and second rings (North America), between an abbreviated ring and the first true ring (Japan, France and Germany). On-hook Caller ID can also occur without ringing for services such as VMWI. In BT’s on-hook CLIP, the signalling begins with a line polarity reversal, followed by CAS and then FSK. Bellcore calls an on-hook capable Caller ID CPE a ‘Type 1 CPE’. In off-hook Caller ID, such as CIDCW and CLIP with Call Waiting, information about a new calling party is sent to the subscriber who is already engaged in a call. Bellcore’s method uses CAS to alert the CPE. When the CPE detects CAS and there are no offhook extensions, the CPE should mute its transmission path and send an acknowledgment to the end office via a DTMF digit called ACK. Upon receiving ACK, the end office will send the FSK data. Bellcore calls an off-hook capable CPE a ‘Type 2 CPE’. A Type 2 CPE is capable of off-hook and Type 1 functionalities and should ACK with a DTMF ‘D’. The ETSI and BT off-hook signalling protocols are similar to Bellcore’s but with timing and signal parametric differences. ETSI has no requirement for off-hook extension checking before ACK. One factor affecting the quality of the CIDCW service is the CPE’s CAS speech immunity. Although the end office has muted the far end party before and after it sends CAS, the near end (the end which is to receive the information) user may be still talking. Therefore the CPE must be able to detect CAS successfully in the presence of near end speech. This is called the talkdown immunity. The CPE must also be immune to imitation of CAS by speech from both ends of the connection because the CAS detector is continuously exposed to speech throughout the call. This is called the talkoff immunity. MT88E45B If the CPE is a telephone, one way to achieve good CAS speech immunity is to put CAS detection on the telephone hybrid or speech IC receive pair instead of on Tip and Ring. Talkdown immunity improves because the near end speech has been attenuated while the CAS level is the same as on Tip/Ring, resulting in improved signal to speech ratio. Talkoff immunity is also improved because the near end speech has been attenuated. In the Bellcore SR-TSV-002476 Issue 1 off-hook protocol, the CPE should not ACK if it detected an off-hook extension. The FSK will not be sent and the customer will not receive the Call Waiting ID. Bellcore, together with the TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) TR41.3.1 working group, has defined a CPE capability called Multiple Extension Interworking (MEI) which overcomes this problem. In the MEI scheme, all MEI compatible CPEs must be capable of detecting CAS when the line is offhook, even though the CPE itself may be on-hook. This is because under some conditions an on-hook CPE may become the ACK sender. Another reason for the on-hook CPE to detect CAS is to maintain synchronous call logs between on and off-hook CPEs. When CAS is received and all off-hook CPEs are MEI compatible, one of the CPEs will ACK and all compatible CPEs will receive FSK. A problem arises in a CPE where the CAS detector is connected only to the hybrid or speech IC receive pair: it cannot detect CAS when it is on-hook. The reason is that when the CPE is on-hook either the hybrid/speech IC is non functional or the signal level is severely attenuated. Therefore an on-hook Type 2 CPE must be capable of detecting CAS from Tip/ Ring, in addition to detecting CAS from the hybrid/ speech IC receive signal when it is off-hook. The MT88E45B offers an optimal solution which combines good speech immunity and MEI compatibility. Two input op-amps allow the MT88E45B to be connected both to Tip/Ring and to the hybrid/speech IC receive pair. Both connections can be differential or single ended. FSK demodulation is always on the Tip/Ring signal. CAS detection can be from the Tip/Ring or hybrid/speech IC receive signal. Being able to detect CAS on Tip/ Ring also makes the MT88E45B suitable for BT onhook CLIP applications. For applications such as those in most European countries where Tip/Ring CAS detection is not needed, then the Tip/Ring and Hybrid op-amp gains can be tailored independently to meet country specific FSK and CAS signal level requirements 5 MT88E45B respectively. Note that since the Hybrid op-amp is for CAS detection only, its gain can always be tailored specifically for the CAS signal level. The FSK demodulator is compatible with Bellcore, ETSI and BT standards. The demodulated FSK data is either output directly (bit stream mode) or stored in a one byte buffer (buffer mode). In the buffer mode, the stop bit immediately following a byte is also stored and can be shifted out after the data byte. This facility allows for framing error checking required in Type 2 CPEs. In the bit stream mode, two timing signals are provided. One indicates the bit sampling instants of the data byte, the other the end of byte. A carrier detector indicates presence of signal and shuts off the data stream when there is no signal. The entire chip can be put into a virtually zero current power down mode. The input op-amps, FSK demodulator, CAS detector and the oscillator are all shut off. Furthermore, power management has been incorporated to minimize operating current. When FSK is selected the CAS detector is powered down. When CAS is selected the FSK demodulator is powered down. Functional Description 3 to 5V Operation The MT88E45B’s FSK and CAS reject levels are proportional to Vdd. When operated at Vdd equal 3V +/- 10%, to keep the FSK and CAS reject levels as at 5V (nominal) the Tip/Ring and Hybrid op-amp gains should be reduced from those of 5V. Gains for nominal Vdd (with a +/- 10% variation) other than 3 or 5V can be chosen as interpolation between the 3 and 5V settings. Input Configuration The MT88E45B provides an input arrangement comprised of two op-amps and a bias source (VREF). VREF is a low impedance voltage source which is used to bias the op-amp inputs at Vdd/2. The Tip/ Ring op-amp (IN1+, IN1-, GS1 pins) is for connecting to Tip and Ring. The Hybrid op-amp (IN2+, IN2-, GS2 pins) is for connecting to the telephone hybrid or speech IC receive pair. Either FSK or CAS detection can be selected for the Tip/Ring connection, while the hybrid connection is for CAS detection only. Phrased in another way, FSK demodulation is always on Tip/Ring, while CAS detection can be on Tip/Ring or Hybrid Receive. Tip/ Ring CAS detection is required for MEI and BT onhook CLIP, while Hybrid CAS detection is needed for optimal CAS speech immunity. 6 Data Sheet The feedback resistor connected between GS1 and IN1- can be used to adjust the Tip/Ring signal gain. The feedback resistor connected between GS2 and IN2- can be used to adjust the hybrid receive signal gain. When the Tip/Ring op-amp is selected, the GS2 signal is ignored. When the Hybrid op-amp is selected, the GS1 signal is ignored. Either or both op-amps can be configured in the single ended input configuration shown in Figure 3, or in the differential input configuration shown in Figure 4. IN+ C IN- RIN Voltage Gain (AV) = RF / RIN Highpass Corner Frequency f-3dB = 1/(2πRINC) RF GS VREF Figure 3 - Single Ended Input Configuration C1 R1 IN+ IN- C2 R4 R5 GS R3 R2 VREF Differential Input Amplifier C1 = C2 R1 = R4 (For unity gain R5= R4) R3 = (R2R5) / (R2 + R5) Voltage Gain Highpass Corner Frequency (AVdiff) = R5/R1 f-3dB = 1/(2πR1C1) Input Impedance (ZINdiff) = 2 R12 + (1/ωC)2 Figure 4 - Differential Input Configuration CAS Detection In North America, CAS is used in off-hook signalling only. In Europe (ETSI) it is used in off-hook signalling, and by BT in both on and off-hook signalling. ETSI calls it the Dual Tone Alerting Signal (DT-AS). Although the ETSI on-hook standard contains a DT-AS specification, BT is the only administration known to employ CAS in on-hook signalling. (BT calls it Tone Alert Signal.) The CAS/ DT-AS characteristics are summarized in Table 3. MT88E45B Data Sheet BTc (Off-hook = ‘Loop State’) (On-hook = ‘Idle State’) Bellcorea (Off-hook only) ETSIb (Off-hook) +/-0.5% +/-0.5% Off-hook: +/-0.6% On-hook: +/-1.1% Signal Level (per tone) -14 to -32 dBmd -9.78 to -32.78 dBm (-12 to -35 dBVe) +0.22 to -37.78 dBm (-2 to -40 dBV) Reject Level (per tone) -45 dBm Maximum Twist (V2130Hz/V2750Hz) +/-6 dB +/-6 dB +/-7 dB 75 to 85 ms 75 to 85 ms Off-hook: 80 to 85 ms On-hook: 88 to 110 ms 2130 Hz and 2750 Hz CAS/DT-AS Characteristics Frequency Tolerance Duration On-hook: -43.78 dBm (-46 dBV) Reject Duration Signal to Noise Ratio Off-hook: <=70 ms On-hook: <=20 ms Speech Speech Off-hook: Speech On-hook: >= 20 dB (300-3400 Hz) Hybrid Op-amp (GS2) Gain Vdd = 5V +/- 10% 0 to -5 dB 0 to -5 dB 0 dB Hybrid Op-amp (GS2) Gain Vdd = 3V +/- 10% -3.5 to -8.5 dB -3.5 to -8.5 dB -3.5 dB a. SR-TSV-002476, Issue 1 Dec 1992 b. ETS 300 778-2 Jan 98. The DT-AS plus FSK variant of ETSI on-hook signalling described in ETS 300 778-1 is not supported because on-hook DT-AS uses the GS1 op-amp. With the GS1 gain in Table 4, the DT-AS minimum level will be below the MT88E45B’s minimum accept level. c. SIN227 Issue 3 Nov 97, SIN242 Issue 2 Nov 96 d. dBm - Decibels above or below a reference power of 1 mW into 600 ohms. 0 dBm = 0.7746 Vrms. e. dBV - Decibels above or below a reference voltage of 1 Vrms. 0 dBV = 1 Vrms Table 3 - CAS/DT-AS Characteristics Table 3 shows the Hybrid op-amp (GS2) gain for operation at 3V and 5V nominal Vdd, with a ± 10% Vdd variation. For 3V operation, the Hybrid op-amp gain should be reduced from the 5V setting to maintain the CAS reject level and to maintain the talkoff immunity: the CAS threshold is directly proportional to Vdd, when Vdd is reduced the threshold becomes lower, hence lower level CAS are accepted. If the gain is not reduced, the MT88E45B will be more talkoff prone. In Table 3, the GS2 gain is shown as a range. By adopting the lower gain, talkoff immunity can be improved. When CAS detection is selected, the dual purpose output pin DR/STD is STD. STD goes low when CAS has been detected, and returns high after CAS has ended. CAS Guard Time The guard time circuit shown in Figure 5 implements a timing algorithm which determines whether the signal is a CAS. Proper selection of the guard time(s) is key to good speech immunity. The first indication that there might be a CAS is when EST goes high. EST high indicates that both tones are present. EST low indicates that one or both tones is not present. STD low indicates that CAS has been detected. When STD returns high it indicates that CAS has ended. The timing algorithm consists of 2 components: a tone present guard time (tGP) and a tone absent guard time (tGA). tGP sets the minimum accept duration for CAS. That is, both tones must be detected continuously for tGP for STD to go low to indicate that CAS has been detected. For STD to return high to indicate that CAS has ended, one or both tones must have disappeared for tGA. The purpose of tGA is to bridge over momentary EST dropouts once EST has met the minimum tone duration so as to decrease the likelihood of a long talkoff being broken up into several talkoffs. Usually tGA is set very short or removed altogether because there is another way to deal with the problem (by ignoring further detections for 2 seconds after every detection). 7 MT88E45B Data Sheet MT88E45B Both Tones Present Vdd P Q1 C + ST/GT - VTGt Vdiode Comparator R1 R2 N Q2 Rp=R1 || R2 = Vss EST DR/STD Indicates STD in CAS detection mode CAS tDP tDA tABS EST tREC tGP tGA tGP=R1C ln [Vdd / (Vdd-VTGt)] tGA=RpC ln Vdd - Vdiode (Rp/R2) VTGt - Vdiode (Rp/R2) Rp=R1 || R2 ST/GT tGA=0 if R2=0 STD Figure 5 - CAS Guard Time Circuit Operation Tone present guard time (tGP) operation: In Figure 5 initially there is no CAS, EST is low so Q1 is off. C has been fully charged applying 0V to ST/GT so Q2 is on. When both tones are detected EST goes high and turns off Q2. Because C has been fully charged (ST/GT=0V), the comparator output is low and Q1 stays off. With both Q1 and Q2 off the high at EST discharges C through R1 and the ST/GT voltage increases from 0V. When the voltage exceeds the comparator threshold VTGt, which is typically 0.5 Vdd, the comparator output goes high; Q1 turns on and accelerates the discharge of C (ST/GT goes quickly to Vdd); STD goes low to indicate that a valid CAS has been received. If one or both tones disappeared before tGP has been reached (i.e. when ST/GT voltage is still below VTGt), Q2 turns back on and charges C quickly to bring the ST/GT voltage back to 0V. Then if EST goes high again the tGP duration must start over. Tone absent guard time (tGA) operation: In Figure 5 initially both tones have been detected for tGP so C is fully discharged and ST/GT is at Vdd. While both tones continue to be detected EST stays high; ST/GT 8 is at Vdd (the comparator output is high); so Q1 is on and Q2 is off. When one or both tones stop EST goes low and turns off Q1. Because C is fully discharged (ST/GT=Vdd), the comparator output is high and Q2 stays off. With both Q1 and Q2 off the low at EST charges C through Rp=(R1 || R2) and the ST/GT voltage falls towards 0V. When the voltage has fallen below VTGt, the comparator output goes low. Since EST is also low Q2 turns on and accelerates the charging of C so that ST/GT goes quickly to 0V. STD goes high to indicate that the CAS has ended. If EST goes back to high before tGA has been reached (i.e. when ST/GT voltage is still above VTGt), Q1 turns back on and discharges C quickly to bring the ST/GT voltage back to Vdd. Then if EST goes low again the tGA duration must start over. To set tGA=0, set R2 to 0. In Figure 5, tDP is the delay from the start of CAS to EST responding, tDA is the delay from the end of CAS to EST responding. The total delay from the start of CAS to STD responding is tREC=tDP+tGP. The total delay from the end of CAS to STD responding is tABS=tDA+tGA. MT88E45B Data Sheet Parameter North America: Bellcorea Europe: ETSIb UK: BTc Mark (Logical 1) Frequency 1200 Hz +/- 1% 1300 Hz +/- 1.5% Space (Logical 0) Frequency 2200 Hz +/- 1% 2100 Hz +/- 1.5% -4.23 to -36.20 dBm (476 to 12 mVrms)d -5.78 to -33.78 dBme (-8 to -36 dBV)f,g Signal Reject Level -48.24 dBm (3mVrms) for On-hook No Ring Signalling such as VMWI On-hook only: -47.78 dBm (-50dBV) Transmission Rate 1200 baud +/- 1% 1200 baud +/- 1% Twist (VMARK/VSPACE) -6 to +10 dB -6 to +6 dB Signal to Noise Ratio Single Tone (f): -18 dB (f<=60Hz) -12 dB (60<f<=120Hz) -6 dB (120<f<=200Hz) +25 dB (200<f<3200Hz) +6 dB (f>=3200Hz) >= 25 dB (300 to 3400 Hz) >= 20 dB (300 to 3400 Hz) Tip/Ring Op-Amp (GS1) Gain Vdd = 5V +/- 10% 0 dB -2 dBh 0 dB Tip/Ring Op-Amp (GS1) Gain Vdd = 3V +/- 10% -3.5 dB -5.5 dBi -3.5 dB Received Signal Level a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. -5.78 to -37.78 dBm (-8 to -40 dBV) ANSI/TIA/EIA-716 and TIA/EIA-777. Bellcore has agreed to the values and will synchronize its requirements. ETS 300 778-1 (On-hook) Sep 97, ETS 300 778-2 (Off-hook) Jan 98. SIN 227 Issue 3 Nov 97, SIN242 Issue 2 Nov 96. North American on-hook signalling range. The off-hook range is inside the on-hook range: 190mVrms to 12mVrms. dBm - Decibels above or below a reference power of 1 mW into 600 ohms. 0 dBm = 0.7746 Vrms dBV - Decibels above or below a reference voltage of 1 Vrms. 0 dBV = 1 Vrms. ETSI on-hook signalling range. The off-Hook signalling levels are inside this range: -8.78 to -30.78 dBm (-11 to -33 dBV). The 5V ETSI Tip/Ring op-amp gain can be 0 dB if there is no FSK reject level requirement. The 3V ETSI Tip/Ring op-amp gain can be -3.5dB if there is no FSK reject level requirement. Table 4 - FSK Signal Characteristics FSK Demodulation The FSK characteristics are shown in Table 4. In North America, TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) also sets standards. The Type 1 Caller ID CPE standard is ANSI/TIA/EIA-716. The Type 2 standard is TIA/EIA-777. The North American FSK characteristics in Table 4 are from ANSI/TIA/EIA716. They differ from those Bellcore published in SRTSV-002476 and SR-3004. Bellcore is represented in TR41.3.1 and will synchronize to the TIA requirements in its future documents. The TIA Type 1 standard includes an FSK reject level: • • if data is not preceded by ringing (e.g. VMWI), FSK signals below 3mVrms (-48.24 dBm) shall be rejected if data is preceded by ringing, FSK detection may be extended below 3mVrms The MT88E45B is compliant with the Bellcore/TIA, ETSI and BT requirements with the Tip/Ring op-amp gains in Table 4. In Europe if the country specific FSK requirements do not incorporate ETSI’s FSK reject level then the Tip/Ring op-amp gain can also be 0dB at 5V and -3.5dB at 3V to meet the ETSI minimum CAS level for on-hook signalling (-40 dBV). For 3V operation, the FSK receiver becomes more sensitive and lower level signals will be accepted than at 5V. To maintain the FSK reject level, the Tip/ Ring input op-amp gain should be reduced. Note that since the Tip/Ring op-amp is also used for Tip/Ring CAS detection, the CAS level will also be reduced for on-hook detection. FSK Data Interface The MT88E45B provides a powerful dual mode 3wire interface so that the data bytes in the demodulated FSK bit stream can be extracted without the need either for an external UART or for the CPE’s microcontroller to perform the function in 9 MT88E45B software. The interface is specifically designed for the 1200 baud rate and is consisted of 3 pins: DATA, DCLK (Data Clock) and DR (Data Ready). DR/STD is a dual purpose output pin. When FSK is selected it is DR. Two modes (modes 0 and 1) are selectable via the CB0 pin. In mode 0, the FSK bit stream is output directly. In mode 1, the data byte and the trailing stop bit are stored in a 9 bit buffer. If mode 1 is desired, the CB0 pin can be hardwired to Vdd. If mode 0 is desired and full chip power down is not required, the CB0 pin can be hardwired to Vss. In Bellcore’s off-hook protocol, a Type 2 CPE should restore the voicepath within 50ms after the end of the FSK signal. Due to noise, end of carrier detection is not always reliable. The TIA Type 2 standard stipulates that the CPE must detect the end of FSK when any one of the following occurs: • • • absence of carrier signal or, more than five framing errors (trailing stop bit a 0 instead of a 1) have been detected in the FSK message or, more than 150ms of continuous mark signal or space signal has been detected. Mode 0 - Bit Stream Mode This mode is selected when the CB0 pin is low. In this mode the FSK data is output directly to the DATA pin. DCLK and DR pins are timing signal outputs (see Figure 13). For each received stop and start bit sequence, the MT88E45B outputs a fixed frequency clock string of 8 pulses at the DCLK pin. Each DCLK rising edge occurs in the middle of a DATA bit cell. DCLK is not generated for the start and stop bits. Consequently, DCLK will clock only valid data into a peripheral device such as a serial to parallel shift register or a microcontroller. The MT88E45B also outputs an end of word pulse (Data Ready) at the DR pin. DR goes low for half a nominal bit time at the beginning of the trailing stop bit. It can be used to interrupt a microcontroller or cause a serial to parallel converter to parallel load its data into the microcontroller. Since the DR rising edge occurs in the middle of the stop bit, it can also be used to read the stop bit to check for framing error. Alternatively, DCLK and DATA may occupy 2 bits of a microcontroller’s input port. The microcontroller polls the input port and saves the DATA bit whenever DCLK changes from low to high. When DR goes low, 10 Data Sheet the word may then be assembled from the last 8 saved bits. DATA may also be connected to a personal computer’s serial communication port after conversion from CMOS to RS-232 voltage levels. Mode 1 - Buffer Mode This mode is selected when the CB0 pin is high. In this mode the received byte is stored on chip. At the end of a byte DR goes low to indicate that a new byte has become available. The microcontroller applies DCLK pulses to read the register contents serially out of the DATA pin (see Figure 14). Internal to the MT88E45B, the start bit is stripped off, the data bits and the trailing stop bit are sampled and stored. Midway through the stop bit, the 8 data bits and the stop bit are parallel loaded into a 9 bit shift register and DR goes low. The register’s contents are shifted out to the DATA pin on the supplied DCLK’s rising edges in the order they were received. The last bit must be shifted out and DCLK returned to low before the next DR. DCLK must be low for tDDS before DR goes low and must remain low for tDDH after DR has gone low (see Figure 14). If DCLK begins while DR is low, DR will return to high upon the first DCLK rising edge. If DR interrupts a microcontroller then this feature allows the interrupt to be cleared by the first read pulse. Otherwise DR is low for half a nominal bit time (1/2400 sec). Reading the stop bit allows the software to check for framing errors. When framing error is not checked the microcontroller only needs to send 8 DCLK pulses to shift the data byte out. Carrier Detect The carrier detector provides an indication of the presence of a signal in the FSK frequency band. It detects the presence of a signal of sufficient amplitude at the output of the FSK bandpass filter. The signal is qualified by a frequency aware digital algorithm before the CD output is set low to indicate carrier detection. A 10ms hysteresis is provided to allow for momentary signal dropout once CD has been activated. CD is released when there is no activity at the FSK bandpass filter output for 10ms. When CD is inactive (high), the raw output of the FSK demodulator is ignored by the internal data timing recovery circuit. In mode 0 the DATA, DCLK and DR pins are forced high. In mode 1 the output shift register is not updated and DR is high; if DCLK is clocked, DATA is undefined. MT88E45B Data Sheet Note that signals such as speech, CAS and DTMF tones also lie in the FSK frequency band and the carrier detector may be activated by these signals. They will be demodulated and presented as data. To avoid the false data, the MT88E45B should be put into CAS or power down mode when FSK is not expected. Ringing, on the other hand, does not pose a problem as it is ignored by the carrier detector. Interrupt The DR/STD output can be used to interrupt a microcontroller. When the MT88E45B is the only interrupt source, DR/STD can be connected directly to the microcontroller’s interrupt input. Figure 9 shows the necessary connections when the MT88E45B is one of many interrupt sources. The diodes and resistors implement a wired-or so that the microcontroller is interrupted (INT low active or falling edge triggered) when one or more of INT1, INT2 or DR/STD is low. The microcontroller can determine which one of DR/STD, INT1 or INT2 caused the interrupt by reading them into an input port. When system power is first applied and CB0/1/2 have already been configured to select CAS detection, DR/STD will power up as logic low. This is because there is no charge across the ST/GT capacitor in Figure 5, hence ST/GT is at Vdd which causes STD to be low. If DR/STD is used to interrupt a microcontroller the interrupt will not clear until the capacitor has charged up. Therefore upon initial power up the microcontroller should ignore this interrupt source until there is sufficient time to charge the capacitor. Alternatively, the MT88E45B can be put into power down mode: DR/STD goes high and clears the interrupt, ST/GT goes low and the capacitor will charge up quickly. Power Down selected, the CAS detector is powered down. When CAS is selected the FSK demodulator is powered down. The two input op-amps are not affected and both will remain operational. Oscillator The MT88E45B requires a 3.579545MHz crystal or ceramic resonator to generate its oscillator clock. To meet the CAS detection frequency tolerance specifications the crystal or resonator must have a 0.1% frequency tolerance. The crystal specification is as follows: (e.g. CTS MP036S) Frequency: Frequency Tolerance: Resonance Mode: Load Capacitance: Maximum Series Resistance: Maximum Drive Level: 3.579545MHz ± 0.1% (over temperature range of the application) Parallel 18pF 150Ω 2mW Alternatively an external clock source can be used. In which case the OSC1 pin should be driven directly from a CMOS buffer and the OSC2 pin left open. For 5V+/-10% applications any number of MT88E45B’s can be connected as shown in Figure 6 so that only one crystal is required. MT88E45B OSC1 OSC2 3.579545 MHz MT88E45B OSC1 OSC2 MT88E45B OSC1 OSC2 to the next MT88E45B (For 5V+/-10% applications only) Figure 6 - Common Crystal Connection The MT88E45B can be powered down to consume virtually no power supply current via a state of the CB0/1/2 pins. Momentary transition of CB0/1/2 into the power down code will not activate power down. In power down mode both input op-amps, VREF and the oscillator are non functional. DCLK becomes an input because to select the power down state CB0 is 1 which will select FSK interface mode 1. If the application uses FSK interface mode 0 and the MT88E45B needs to be powered down then a pull down resistor should be added at the DCLK pin to define its state during power down (R15 in Figure 7). When the MT88E45B is powered down DATA, DR/ STD, CD are high; EST and ST/GT are low. To reduce the operating current an Intelligent Power Down feature has been incorporated. When FSK is 11 MT88E45B Data Sheet Application Circuits Tx+ TIP TIP RING RING Telephone Hybrid or Speech IC (Symbolic) Microphone Tx- Rx+ Speaker Rx- R5 C1 R1 D1 R6 R3 D2 D3 C2 R2 R11 MT88E45B R7 VREF IN2+ IN1+ IN2- IN1- GS2 GS1 CB2 Vss CB1 OSC1 Vdd OSC2 CD R10 R8 C3 R9 C4 R12 R4 D4 = To Microcontroller Vss Xtal = From Microcontroller (FSK Interface Mode 1 selected) R15 is required only if both FSK interface mode 0 and power down features are used. R15 Vdd C5 ST/GT CB0 DCLK EST DATA DR/STD C6 R13 R14 D5 Unless stated otherwise, resistors are 1%, 0.1Watt; capacitors are 5%, 6.3V. C6 should be connected directly across Vdd and Vss pins For 1000Vrms, 60Hz isolation from Tip to Earth and Ring to Earth: R1,R2 430K, 0.5W, 5%, 475V min. C1,C2 2n2, 1332V min. (e.g. IRC type GS-3) If the 1000Vrms is handled by other methods then this circuit has to meet the FCC Part 68 Type B Ringer requirements: R1,R2 432K, 0.1W, 1%, 56V min. C1,C2 2n2, 212V min. Common to both sets of R1,R2: R3,R4 34K R8,R9 464K R13 825K R14 226K or 26K1 R15 100K, 20% C3,C4 C5 C6 D1-D4 D5 Xtal 2n2 100n 100n, 20% Diodes. 1N4148 or equivalent Diode. 1N4148 or equivalent 3.579545MHz, 0.1% crystal or ceramic resonator R5,R10 R6,R11 R7,R12 5V, 0dB gain 53K6 60K4 464K 3V, -3.5dB gain 35K7 40K2 309K Figure 7 - Application Circuit: Bellcore MEI Compatible Type 2 Telephone 12 MT88E45B Data Sheet 1.00 0.95 Gain ratio for Bellcore GS1, GS2 ETSI GS2 op amps 0.90 0.85 0.794 Gain Ratio 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.65 Gain ratio for ETSI GS1 op amp 0.668 0.60 0.55 0.531 0.50 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Nominal Vdd (Volts) Figure 8 - Gain Ratio as a Function of Nominal Vdd Gain Setting Resistor Calculation Example for Figure 8: • • • For the desired nominal Vdd, use Figure 8 to determine approximate Av. For the GS1 op-amp, start with the 0dB gain setting resistor values of R50dB, R6 0dB and R7 0dB. In Figure 7 these values are 53K7, 60K4 and 464K respectively. Keep C1,C2,R1,R2,R3,R4 as in Figure 7 to maintain the highpass corner frequency constant for all gain settings. For the desired gain setting of Av: R7Av= R70dB x AV Scaled for desired gain. Choose the closest standard resistor value as R7Av. Actual Av from now on is R7Av/R70db R5Av= R50dB x AV Scaled for good common mode range. Choose the closest standard resistor value as R5Av. 1/R6Av = 1/R5Av - 1/R7Av • Calculate R6Av so that R5Av=R6Av || R7Av. Choose the closest standard resistor value as R6Av. Repeat for R 10, R 11, R 12 for the GS2 op-amp. Example: • • • For a gain of -3.5dB, Av=10 -3.5/20 = 0.668 R7 -3.5dB= 464K x 0.668 = 309K9, the closest standard resistor value is 309K. Av is now 309K/464K = 0.666 R5 -3.5dB= 53K6 x 0.666 = 35K7, the closest standard resistor value is 35K7. Therefore R6 -3.5dB is calculated to be 40K4, the closest standard resistor value is 40K2. 13 MT88E45B Data Sheet Vdd Interrupt Source 1 INT1 (Open Drain) Interrupt Source 2 Resistor (R1) Vdd Resistor (R2) Microcontroller D1 R1 can be opened and D1 shorted if the microcontroller does not read the INT1 pin. INT2 (CMOS) INT(input) MT88E45B DR/STD (CMOS) Input Port Bit Figure 9 - Application Circuit: Multiple Interrupt Source 14 MT88E45B Data Sheet Absolute Maximum Ratings* - Voltages are with respect to VSS unless otherwise stated Parameter Symbol Min Max Units 1 Supply voltage with respect to Vss VDD -0.3 6 V 2 Voltage on any pin other than supplies ** VPIN Vss-0.3 VDD+0.3 V 3 Current at any pin other than supplies IPIN 10 mA 4 Storage Temperature TST -65 150 o C * Exceeding these values may cause permanent damage. Functional operation under these conditions is not implied. ** Under normal operating conditions voltage on any pin except supplies can be minimum VSS-1V to maximum VDD+1V for an input current limited to less than 200µΑ Recommended Operating Conditions - Voltages are with respect to ground (VSS) unless otherwise stated. Characteristics Sym Min 2.7 1 Power Supplies VDD 2 Clock Frequency fOSC 3 Tolerance on Clock Frequency 4 Operating Temperature ‡ Typical figures are at 25 oC Typ‡ Max Units 5.5 V 3.579545 MHz ∆fOSC -0.1 +0.1 % TOP -40 85 oC and are for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing. DC Electrical Characteristics† Characteristics 1 2 Standby Supply Current S U P P L Y Sym IDDQ Operating Supply Current VDD = 5V ±10% VDD = 3V ±10% IDD 3 Power Consumption PO 4 Schmitt Input High Threshold VT+ Schmitt Input Low Threshold DCLK 5 6 CB0 CB1 CB2 7 DCLK DATA DR/STD CD, EST ST/GT Min Typ‡ Max Units Test Conditions 0.1 15 µA All inputs are VDD/VSS except for oscillator pins. No analog input. outputs unloaded. CB0/1/2 = 1/0/0 2.8 1.5 8 4.5 mA mA 44 mW 0.44*VDD 0.64*VDD V VT- 0.27*VDD 0.47*VDD V Schmitt Hysteresis VHYS 0.2 CMOS Input High Voltage VIH 0.7*VDD VDD V CMOS Input Low Voltage VIL VSS 0.3*VDD V Output High Source Current IOH 0.8 All inputs are VDD/VSS except for oscillator pins. No analog input. outputs unloaded. V mA VOH=0.9*VDD 15 MT88E45B Data Sheet DC Electrical Characteristics† (continued) Characteristics 8 DCLK DATA DR/STD CD, EST ST/GT 9 IN1+ IN1IN2+ IN2- Sym Min Output Low Sink Current IOL 2 Input Current Iin1 ST/GT 11 VREF 12 13 ST/GT Max Units Test Conditions mA VOL=0.1*VDD 1 µA Vin=VDD to VSS Iin2 10 µA Vin=VDD to VSS Output HighImpedance Current Ioz1 5 µA Vout =VDD to VSS Output Voltage VREF 0.5VDD+0.1 V Output Resistance RREF 2 kΩ Comparator Threshold Voltage VTGt 0.5VDD+0.05 V DCLK CB0 CB1 CB2 10 Typ‡ 0.5VDD -0.1 0.5VDD-0.05 No Load † DC Electrical Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions, unless otherwise stated. ‡ Typical figures are at 25oC and are for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing. AC Electrical Characteristics† - CAS Detection Characteristic Sym Min Typ‡ Max Unit Notes* 1 Lower Tone Frequency fL 2130 Hz 2 Upper Tone Frequency fH 2750 Hz 3 Frequency Deviation: Accept 1.1% range within which tones are accepted 4 Frequency Deviation: Reject 3.5% range outside of which tones are rejected 5 Accept Signal Level (per tone) -40 -37.78 6 -2 0.22 dBV dBm 1, 5, 6 Reject Signal Level (per tone) Vdd=5V +/-10% only -46 -43.78 dBV dBm 2, 5, 6 7 Reject Signal Level (per tone) Vdd=3V+/-10% or 5V+/-10% -47.22 -45 dBV dBm 1, 5, 6 8 Twist: 20 log (V2130Hz/V2750Hz) +7 dB 9 Signal to Noise Ratio -7 SNRCAS 20 dB 3,4 † AC Electrical Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions, unless otherwise stated. ‡ Typical figures are at 25oC and are for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing *Notes: 1. Tip/Ring signal level. Input op-amp configured to 0dB gain at Vdd=5V+/-10%, -3.5dB at Vdd=3V+/-10%. 2. Tip/Ring signal level. Input op-amp configured to 0dB gain at Vdd=5V+/-10%. 3. Both tones have the same amplitude. 4. Band limited random noise 300-3400Hz. Measurement valid only when tone is present. 5. dBV - Decibels above or below a reference voltage of 1 Vrms. 0 dBV = 1 Vrms. Signal level is per tone. 6. dBm - Decibels above or below a reference power of 1 mW into 600 ohms. 0 dBm = 0.7746 Vrms. Signal level is per tone. 16 MT88E45B Data Sheet AC Electrical Characteristics† - FSK Demodulation Characteristics Sym Min Typ‡ -40 -37.78 10.0 Max Units -6.45 -4.23 476 dBV dBm mVrms 1, 2, 4, 5 -48.24 -50.46 3 dBm dBV mVrms 1, 2, 4, 5 1 Accept Signal Level Range 2 Bell 202 Format Reject Signal Level 3 Transmission Rate 1188 1200 1212 baud 4 Mark and Space Frequencies Bell 202 1 (Mark) Bell 202 0 (Space) 1188 2178 1200 2200 1212 2222 Hz Hz 1280.5 2068.5 1300 2100 1319.5 2131.5 Hz Hz +10 dB CCITT V.23 1 (Mark) CCITT V.23 0 (Space) 5 Twist: 20 log (VMARK/VSPACE) 6 Signal to Noise Ratio -6 SNRFSK 20 dB Notes* 1,3 † AC Electrical Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions, unless otherwise stated. ‡ Typical figures are nominal values and are for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing. *Notes: 1. Both mark and space have the same amplitude. 2. Tip/Ring signal level. Input op-amp configured to 0dB gain at Vdd=5V+/-10%, -3.5dB at Vdd=3V+/-10%. 3. Band limited random noise (200-3400Hz). Present when FSK signal is present. Note that the BT band is 300-3400Hz, the Bellcore band is 0-4kHz. 4. dBV - Decibels above or below a reference voltage of 1 Vrms. 0 dBV = 1 Vrms. 5. dBm - Decibels above or below a reference power of 1 mW into 600 ohms. 0 dBm = 0.7746 Vrms. Electrical Characteristics† - Gain Setting Amplifiers Characteristics Sym Min Max Units 1 µA Test Conditions VSS ≤ VIN ≤ VDD 1 Input Leakage Current IIN 2 Input Resistance Rin 3 Input Offset Voltage VOS 4 Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR 30 dB 1kHz ripple on VDD 5 Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR 40 dB VCMmin ≤ VIN ≤ VCMmax 6 DC Open Loop Voltage Gain AVOL 40 dB 7 Unity Gain Bandwidth fC 0.3 MHz 8 Output Voltage Swing VO 0.5 9 Capacitive Load (GS1,GS2) CL 10 Resistive Load (GS1,GS2) RL 100 11 Common Mode Range Voltage VCM 1.0 10 MΩ 25 mV VDD-0.5 V 50 pF Load ≥ 100kΩ kΩ VDD-1.0 V † Electrical characteristics are over recommended operating conditions, unless otherwise stated. 17 MT88E45B Data Sheet AC Electrical Characteristics† - CAS Detection Timing Characteristics Sym Min Max Units tDP 0.5 10 ms See Figures 16, 17 2 Tone absent detect time tDA 0.1 8 ms † AC Electrical Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated. See Figures 16, 17 1 Tone present detect time Notes AC Electrical Characteristics† - Oscillator and Carrier Detect Timing Characteristics 1 2 OSC2 3 4 CD 5 Sym Min Max Units Power-up time tPU 50 ms Power-down time tPD 10 ms Input FSK to CD low delay tCP 25 ms Input FSK to CD high delay tCA Hysteresis 10 ms 10 ms Notes † AC Electrical Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated. AC Electrical Characteristics† - 3-Wire FSK Data Interface Timing (Mode 0) Characteristics 1 Sym Min Typ‡ Max Units Notes* Rise time tRR 200 ns into 50pF Load Fall time tRF 200 ns into 50pF Load 3 Low time tRL 4 Rate 2 5 DR/STD DATA 6 7 DATA DCLK Input FSK to DATA delay 415 416 417 µs 2 1188 1200 1212 baud 1 1 5 ms tIDD Rise time tR 200 ns into 50pF Load Fall time tF 200 ns into 50pF Load DATA to DCLK delay tDCD 6 416 µs 1, 2, 3 9 DCLK to DATA delay tCDD 6 416 µs 1, 2, 3 10 Frequency fDCLK0 1201.6 1202.8 1204 Hz 2 High time tCH 415 416 417 µs 2 Low time tCL 415 416 417 µs 2 tCRD 415 416 417 µs 2 8 11 DCLK 12 13 DCLK DR/STD DCLK to DR delay † AC Electrical Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated. ‡ Typical figures are at 25oC and are for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing. *Notes: 1. FSK input data at 1200 ±12 baud. 2. OSC1 at 3.579545 MHz ±0.1%. 3. Function of signal condition. 18 MT88E45B Data Sheet AC Electrical Characteristics† - 3-Wire FSK Data Interface Timing (Mode 1) Characteristics 1 Frequency 2 DCLK 3 4 DCLK DR/STD 5 Sym Min Max Units 1 MHz 70 % 100 ns fDCLK1 Duty cycle 30 Rise time tR1 DCLK low set up before DR tDDS 500 ns DCLK low hold time after DR tDDH 500 ns Notes † AC Electrical Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated. AC Electrical Characteristics - Timing Parameter Measurement Voltage Levels Characteristics Sym Level Units 1 CMOS Threshold Voltage VCT 0.5*VDD V 2 Rise/Fall Threshold Voltage High VHM 0.7*VDD V 3 Rise/Fall Threshold Voltage Low VLM 0.3*VDD V Notes 19 MT88E45B Data Sheet tCDD tDCD VHM VCT VLM DATA tF tR VHM VCT VLM DCLK tCL tCH tR tF Figure 10 - DATA and DCLK Mode 0 Output Timing tRR tRF VHM VCT VLM DR tRL Figure 11 - DR Output Timing VHM DCLK VLM tR1 Figure 12 - DCLK Mode 1 Input Timing 20 MT88E45B Data Sheet start TIP/RING (A/B) WIRES b7 stop start b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 stop tIDD DATA (Output) b6 b7 start b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 stop start start b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 stop b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 start b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 stop b0 b1 b2 b3 stop DCLK (Output) tCL tCH tCRD 1/fDCLK0 DR (Output) tRL Figure 13 - 3-Wire FSK Data Interface Timing (Mode 0) Demodulated Data (Internal Signal) DR (Data Ready) (Output) Word N+1 Word N stop 7 1 0 start 2 3 4 5 6 Note 1 7 stop tRL Note 2 >tDDS >tDDH 1/fDCLK1 DCLK (Data Clock) (Schmitt Input) DATA (Output) 7 stop 0 Word N-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 stop 0 Word N The DCLK input must be low before and after DR falling edge. Note 1: DCLK occurs during DR low and returns DR to high. Note 2: DCLK occurs after DR, so DR is low for half a nominal bit time. Figure 14 - 3-Wire FSK Data Interface Timing (Mode 1) 21 MT88E45B TIP/RING Data Sheet 1st Ring PWDN Note 1 Ch. seizure B A C Mark D Data 2nd Ring F E Note 2 Note 3 tPU Note 2 Note 4 tPD OSC2 FSKen Note 1 tCP tCA CD DR Note 5 DCLK DATA ..101010.. Data A = 2sec typical B = 250-500ms C = 250ms D = 150ms E = feature specific Max C+D+E = 2.9 to 3.7sec F ≥ 200ms Figure 15 - Application Timing for Bellcore On-hook Data Transmission Associated with Ringing, e.g., CID Notes: This on-hook case application is included because a CIDCW (off-hook) CPE must be also capable of receiving on-hook data transmission (with ringing) from the end office. 1) PWDN and FSKen are internal signals decoded from CB0/1/2. 2) The CPE designer may choose to enable the MT88E45B only after the end of ringing to conserve power in a battery operated CPE. CD is not activated by ringing. 3) The microcontroller in the CPE powers down the MT88E45B after CD has become inactive. 4) The microcontroller times out if CD is not activated. 5) This signal represents the mode of the DR/STD pin. 22 MT88E45B Data Sheet CPE goes off-hook CPE unmutes handset and enables keypad CPE mutes handset & disables keypad CPE sends TIP/RING CAS A Note 1 B ACK Note 5 C D Mark E Data F G PWDN Note 8 Hybrid CASen Note 8 FSKen Note 8 Note 2 Note 3 Note 4 tPU OSC2 EST ST/GT tDP tDA tGA VTGt tGP tREC tABS STD Note 9 Note 6 Note 7 tCP tCA CD DR Note 9 DCLK DATA Data A = 75-85ms B = 0-100ms C = 55-65ms D = 0-500ms E = 58-75ms F = feature specific G ≤ 50ms Figure 16 - Application Timing for Bellcore Off-hook Data Transmission, e.g., CIDCW Notes: 1) In a CPE where AC power is not available, the designer may choose to switch over to line power when the CPE goes off-hook and use battery power while on-hook. The CPE must also be CID (on-hook) capable because a CIDCW CPE includes CID functionality. 2) Non-FSK signals such as CAS, speech and DTMF tones are in the same frequency band as FSK. They will be demodulated and give false data. Therefore the MT88E45B should be taken out of FSK mode when FSK is not expected. 3) The MT88E45B may be put into FSK mode as soon as the CPE has finished sending the acknowledgment signal ACK. TR-NWT000575 specifies that ACK = DTMF ‘D’ for non-ADSI CPE, ‘A’ for ADSI CPE. 4) The MT88E45B should be taken out of FSK mode when CD has become inactive, or after 5 framing errors have been detected, or after 150ms of continuous mark signal or space signal has been received. The framing errors need not be consecutive. 5) In an unsuccessful attempt where the end office does not send the FSK signal, the CPE should unmute the handset and enable the keypad after interval D has expired. 6) The total recognition time is t REC = tGP + tDP , where t GP is the tone present guard time and t DP is the tone present detect time. V TGt is the comparator threshold (refer to Figure 5 for details). 7) The total tone absent time is t ABS = tGA + tDA , where tGA is the tone absent guard time and tDA is the tone absent detect time. V TGt is the comparator threshold (refer to Figure 5 for details). 8) PWDN, Hybrid CASen and FSKen are internal signals decoded from CB0/1/2. 9) This signal represents the mode of the DR/STD pin. 23 MT88E45B Data Sheet Line Reversal A/B Wires ‘Idle State Tone Alert Signal’ Ch. seizure DT-AS A B C Mark D E Data G F PWDN Note 4 Note 6 Tip/Ring CASen Note 6 Ring 50-150ms tDP tDA EST Note 1 tGP tGA Note 2 VTGt ST/GT tREC tABS Note 3 STD Note 7 TE DC load 15±1ms < 0.5mA (optional) <120µAµ 20±5ms TE AC load Current wetting pulse (see SIN227) Note 4 Zss (Refer to SIN227) FSKen Note 5 Note 6 tCP tCA CD DR Note 7 DCLK ..101010.. DATA tPU OSC2 Data tPD A ≥ 100ms B = 88-110ms C ≥ 45ms (up to 5sec) D = 80-262ms E = 45-75ms F ≤ 2.5sec (typ. 500ms) G > 200ms Note: All values obtained from SIN227 Issue 1 Figure 17 - Application Timing for BT Caller Display Service (CDS), e.g., CLIP Notes: 1) The total recognition time is tREC = tGP + tDP , where t GP is the tone present guard time and tDP is the tone present detect time. V TGt is the comparator threshold (refer to Figure 5 for details). 2) The total tone absent time is t ABS = tGA + tDA , where t GA is the tone absent guard time and tDA is the tone absent detect time. V TGt is the comparator threshold (refer to Figure 5 for details). 3) By choosing t GA=15ms, tABS will be 15-25ms so that the current wetting pulse and AC load can be applied right after the STD rising edge. 4) SIN227 specifies that the AC and DC loads should be removed between 50-150ms after the end of the FSK signal, indicated by CD returning to high. The MT88E45B may also be powered down at this time. 5) The MT88E45B should be taken out of FSK mode when FSK is not expected to prevent the FSK demodulator from reacting to other in-band signals such as speech, DT-AS/CAS and DTMF tones. 6) PWDN, Tip/Ring CASen, FSKen are internal signals decoded from CB0/1/2. 7) This signal represents the mode of the DR/STD pin. 24 MT88E45B Data Sheet Line Reversal (Optionally sent) A/B Wires PWDN Note 3 Ch. seizure Ring Burst A First Complete Ring Cycle B C Mark D Data E F Note 2 50-150ms Note 1 250-400ms TE DC load TE AC load FSKen Note 3 tCP tCA CD DR Note 4 DCLK ..101010.. DATA tPU OSC2 Data tPD A = 200-450ms B ≥ 500ms C = 80-262ms D = 45-262ms E ≤ 2.5s (typ. 500ms) F >200ms Note: Parameter F from "CCA Exceptions Document Issue 3" Figure 18 - Application Timing for UK’s CCA Caller Display Service (CDS), e.g., CLIP Notes: 1) From TW/P&E/312. Start time: The CPE should enter the signalling state by applying the DC and AC terminations within this time after the end of the ring burst. 2) End time: The CPE should leave the signalling state by removing the DC and AC terminations within this time after the end of Data, indicated by CD returning to high. The MT88E45B should also be taken out of FSK mode at this time to prevent the FSK demodulator from reacting to other in-band signals such as speech, and DTMF tones. 3) PWDN and FSKen are internal signals decoded from CB0/1/2. 4) This signal represents the mode of the DR/STD pin. 25 For more information about all Zarlink products visit our Web Site at www.zarlink.com Information relating to products and services furnished herein by Zarlink Semiconductor Inc. or its subsidiaries (collectively “Zarlink”) is believed to be reliable. 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