HMC992LP5E v01.0811 AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz Typical Applications Features The HMC992LP5E is ideal for: Wide Gain Control Range: -10 to +38 dB • Cellular/3G Infrastructure High Output IP3: +40 dBm • WiBro / WiMAX / 4G Positive Analog Control: 0V to +5V • Microwave Radio & VSAT Configurable with 1 or 2 Attenuators 32 Lead 5x5 mm SMT Package: 25 mm2 • Test Equipment and Sensors • IF & RF Applications General Description Functional Diagram The HMC992LP5E is an IF analog controlled variable gain amplifier composed of two identical voltage variable attenuators in combination with an InGaP HBT gain block MMIC amplifier which operates from 0.1 to 0.8 GHz, and can be controlled to provide anywhere from -10 dB attenuation, to 40 dB of gain. The HMC992LP5E delivers noise figure of 6 dB in its maximum gain state, with output IP3 of up to +40 dBm. The HMC992LP5E is housed in a RoHS compliant 5x5 mm QFN leadless package, and requires no external matching components. Electrical Specifications, TA = +25° C, 50 Ohm System, Vdd = ATTN1Vdd = ATTN2Vdd = DETVDD = +5V [1] Parameter Min. Typ. 1 Attenuator Operation 0.1 - 0.5 GHz 0.8 GHz 35 40 36 dB dB 2 Attenuator Operation 0.1 - 0.3 GHz 0.5 GHz 0.8 GHz 32 38 36 33 dB 1 Attenuator Operation 0.1 - 0.5 GHz 0.8 GHz 25 20 dB 2 Attenuator Operation 0.1 - 0.5 GHz 0.8 GHz 48 42 dB 1 Attenuator Operation 0.1 - 0.5 GHz 0.8 GHz 15 12 dB 2 Attenuator Operation 0.1 - 0.8 GHz 12 dB 1 Attenuator Operation 0.1 GHz 0.3 - 0.5 GHz 0.8 GHz 11 12 14 dB 2 Attenuator Operation 0.1 - 0.8 GHz 12 dB Gain (VCTRL = 0V) Gain Control Range Input Return Loss (VCTRL = 0V) Output Return Loss (VCTRL = 0V) 8-1 Frequency Max. Units For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] HMC992LP5E IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz 8 Electrical Specifications (continued), TA = +25° C, 50 Ohm System, Vdd = ATTN1Vdd = ATTN2Vdd = DETVDD = +5V [1] Parameter Frequency Min. Typ. Max. Units Output Third Order Intercept Point (Two-Tone Output Power= 0 dBm Each Tone) (VCTRL = 0V) 0.1 GHz 0.3 GHz 0.5 GHz 0.8 GHz 42 44 39 35 dBm dBm Output Power for 1dB Compression (VCTRL = 0V) 0.1 GHz 0.3 GHz 0.5 GHz 0.8 GHz 18.5 18.9 19 18.8 dBm dBm Noise Figure (VCTRL = 0V) Supply Current (Idd) 6 dB 215 mA Power Detector Typ. Typ. Typ. Units Input Frequency 100 500 900 MHz ±3 dB Dynamic Range 61 61 62 dB DETOUT Slope 17.2 17.2 17.1 mV/dB DETOUT Intercept -68.1 -68.6 -68.9 dBm -1.3 -1.2 -1.2 dB Veriation of DETOUT with Temperature from -40°C to +85°C @20dBm Input [1] Unless otherwise noted, test conditions: ATTN1 + ATTN2 + AMP1 + AMP2 in cascade. For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT v01.0811 8-2 HMC992LP5E v01.0811 8 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz Gain vs. VCTRL @ 100MHz[1] Gain vs. VCTRL @ 100MHz[2] 40 35 30 30 20 GAIN (dB) GAIN (dB) 40 25 20 15 10 0 10 +25C +85C -40C 5 +25C +85C -40C -10 -20 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 0 5 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 VCTRL (V) VCTRL (V) Gain vs. VCTRL @ 300MHz[1] Gain vs. VCTRL @ 300MHz[2] 45 40 40 30 35 GAIN (dB) 30 GAIN (dB) AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 45 25 20 15 20 10 0 10 +25C +85C -40C 5 +25C +85C -40C -10 -20 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 0 5 0.5 1 1.5 2 VCTRL (V) 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 3.5 4 4.5 5 VCTRL (V) Gain vs. VCTRL @ 500MHz[1] Gain vs. VCTRL @ 500MHz[2] 45 40 40 30 35 GAIN (dB) GAIN (dB) 30 25 20 15 20 10 0 10 +25C +85C -40C 5 +25C +85C -40C -10 -20 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 VCTRL (V) 4 4.5 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 VCTRL (V) [1] ATTN1 + AMP1 + AMP2, CT1=0V [2] ATTN1 + ATTN2 + AMP1 + AMP2, CT1=0V 8-3 For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz 8 Gain vs. VCTRL @ 800MHz[2] 45 40 35 30 30 20 GAIN (dB) GAIN (dB) 40 25 20 15 10 0 10 +25C +85C -40C 5 +25C +85C -40C -10 -20 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 0 5 0.5 1 1.5 2 VCTRL (V) Gain vs. Frequency over VCTRL[1][3] 45 50 4 4.5 5 0V-0.1V 1.5V 30 GAIN (dB) 2V 30 GAIN (dB) 3.5 40 35 25 2.5V 20 3V 15 1.5V 20 2V 10 2.5V 0 4V-5V 10 3V -10 5 4V-5V 0 -20 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 FREQUENCY (GHz) 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 FREQUENCY (GHz) Input Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 100MHz[1] Input Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 100MHz[2] 0 0 -5 -5 +25C +85C -40C -10 INPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) INPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) 3 Gain vs. Frequency over VCTRL[2][3] 0V-0.1V 40 2.5 VCTRL (V) AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT Gain vs. VCTRL @ 800MHz[1] -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 +25C +85C -40C -40 -45 -45 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 VCTRL (V) 4 4.5 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 VCTRL (V) [1] ATTN1 + AMP1 + AMP2, CT1=0V [2] ATTN1 + ATTN2 + AMP1 + AMP2, CT1=0V [3] At 25°C For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] 8-4 HMC992LP5E v01.0811 Input Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 300MHz[2] 0 0 -5 -5 INPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) INPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) Input Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 300MHz[1] -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 +25C +85C -40C -40 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 +25C +85C -40C -40 -45 -45 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 VCTRL (V) 0 -5 INPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) 0 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 +25C +85C -40C -40 3.5 4 4.5 5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 +25C +85C -40C -40 -45 -45 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 VCTRL (V) 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 VCTRL (V) Input Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 800MHz[1] Input Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 800MHz[2] 0 0 -5 -5 INPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) INPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) 3 Input Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 500MHz[2] -5 -35 2.5 VCTRL (V) Input Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 500MHz[1] INPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 +25C +85C -40C -40 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 +25C +85C -40C -40 -45 -45 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 VCTRL (V) 4 4.5 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 VCTRL (V) [1] ATTN1 + AMP1 + AMP2, CT1=0V [2] ATTN1 + ATTN2 + AMP1 + AMP2 , CT1=0V 8-5 For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz Output Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 100MHz[1] +25C +85C -40C -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 -2 +25C +85C -40C -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 -20 -20 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 VCTRL (V) Output Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 300MHz[1] 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 Output Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 300MHz[2] 0 0 -2 +25C +85C -40C -4 OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) 2.5 VCTRL (V) -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 -2 +25C +85C -40C -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 -20 AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 0 -2 OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) 0 -20 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 VCTRL (V) 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 VCTRL (V) Output Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 500MHz[1] Output Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 500MHz[2] 0 0 -2 -2 +25C +85C -40C -4 OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) 8 Output Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 100MHz[2] -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 +25C +85C -40C -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 -20 -20 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 VCTRL (V) 4 4.5 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 VCTRL (V) [1] ATTN1 + AMP1 + AMP2, CT1=0V [2] ATTN1 + ATTN2 + AMP1 + AMP2 , CT1=0V For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] 8-6 HMC992LP5E v01.0811 Output Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 800MHz[2] 0 0 -2 -2 +25C +85C -40C -4 OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) Output Return Loss vs. VCTRL @ 800MHz[1] -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 +25C +85C -40C -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 -20 -20 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 VCTRL (V) 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 Output IP3 vs. VCTRL @ 300MHz [1] 50 50 48 48 +25C +85C -40C 46 46 44 OIP3 (dBm) 44 42 40 38 42 40 38 36 36 34 34 32 32 30 +25C +85C -40C 30 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 VCTRL (V) 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 VCTRL (V) Output IP3 vs. VCTRL @ 500MHz [1] Output IP3 vs. VCTRL @ 800MHz [1] 44 44 42 42 40 40 OIP3 (dBm) OIP3 (dBm) 2.5 VCTRL (V) Output IP3 vs. VCTRL @ 100MHz [1] OIP3 (dBm) AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz 38 36 34 +25C +85C -40C 38 36 34 +25C +85C -40C 32 32 30 30 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 VCTRL (V) 4 4.5 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 VCTRL (V) [1] ATTN1 + AMP1 + AMP2, CT1=0V [2] ATTN1 + ATTN2 + AMP1 + AMP2 , CT1=0V 8-7 For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz Output IP2 vs. Frequency over VCTRL [1] [2] 70 OIP2 (dBm) OIP2 (dBm) 60 55 60 55 50 50 45 45 0.2 0.3 +25C +85C -40C 65 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 40 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.3 FREQUENCY (GHz) Input IP3 vs. Frequency over VCTRL [1][2][5] 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 Input IP3 vs. Frequency over Temperature [1][3][5] 40 10 30 5 20 IIP3 (dBm) IIP3 (dBm) 0.4 FREQUENCY (GHz) 10 0 -5 0 -10 -20 0.1 VCTL=0V VCTL=1V VCTL=2V 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 +25C +85C -40C -10 VCTL=3V VCTL=4V VCTL=5V 0.7 -15 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.3 FREQUENCY (GHz) 0.5 0.6 FREQUENCY (GHz) Output P1dB vs. Frequency over Temperature [1] [4] Noise Figure vs. Frequency over Temperature [1] [3] 19.2 12 +25C +85C -40C 10 19 OP1dB (dBm) 8 NF (dB) 18.8 18.6 6 4 +25C +85C -40C 18.4 18.2 0.1 0.4 AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 70 VCTL=0V VCTL=1V VCTL=2V VCTL=3V VCTL=4V VCTL=5V 65 40 0.1 8 Output IP2 vs. Frequency over Temperature [1] [3] 0.2 0.3 2 0.4 0.5 0.6 FREQUENCY (GHz) [1] ATTN1 + AMP1 + AMP2 [3] VCTRL= 0V [5] CT1=0V 0.7 0.8 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 FREQUENCY (GHz) [2] At 25°C [4] VCTRL= 4V For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] 8-8 HMC992LP5E v01.0811 AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz Absolute Maximum Ratings VDD, DETVDD, DETEN, DETSET,DETRSSI, AMP1OUT, AMP2OUT +5.6 V Continuous Pdiss (T=85 °C) Derate 78.88 mW/°C above 85 °C 3.16 W VCTRL -0.6V to VDD+0.6V Thermal Resistance (Rth) (junction to package bottom) 12.68°C/W ATTN1IN, ATTN2IN Input Power +20 dBm Storage Temperature -65 to +150 °C AMP1IN RF Input Power +10 dBm Operating Temperature -40 to +85 °C AMP2IN RF Input Power +15 dBm ESD Sensitivity (HBM) Class 1B DETOUT Output Current 5 mA DETIN RF Iput Power 12 dBm Junction Temperature 125°C ELECTROSTATIC SENSITIVE DEVICE OBSERVE HANDLING PRECAUTIONS Outline Drawing NOTES: 1. PACKAGE BODY MATERIAL: LOW STRESS INJECTION MOLDED PLASTIC SILICA AND SILICON IMPREGNATED. 2. LEAD AND GROUND PADDLE MATERIAL: COPPER ALLOY. 3. LEAD AND GROUND PADDLE PLATING: 100% MATTE TIN. 4. DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES [MILLIMETERS]. 5. LEAD SPACING TOLERANCE IS NON-CUMULATIVE. 6. CHARACTERS TO BE HELVETICA MEDIUM, .025 HIGH, WHITE INK, OR LASER MARK LOCATED APPROX. AS SHOWN. 7. PAD BURR LENGTH SHALL BE 0.15mm MAX. PAD BURR HEIGHT SHALL BE 0.25mm MAX. 8. PACKAGE WARP SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.05mm 9. ALL GROUND LEADS AND GROUND PADDLE MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB RF GROUND. 10. REFER TO HITTITE APPLICATION NOTE FOR SUGGESTED PCB LAND PATTERN. Package Information Part Number Package Body Material Lead Finish HMC992LP5E RoHS-compliant Low Stress Injection Molded Plastic 100% matte Sn MSL Rating MSL1 [2] Package Marking [1] H992 XXXX [1] 4-Digit lot number XXXX [2] Max peak reflow temperature of 260 °C 8-9 For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz Pin Number Function Description 1, 3, 5-6, 28, 30 ACG1, ACG4, ACG5, ACG6, ACG3, ACG2 AC ground capacitance connection pin. 2, 29 ATTN2OUT, ATTN1OUT These ports are matched to 50 Ohms. Blocking capacitor is required. 4, 9, 31 VDD Power supply for the attenuator. External by pass capacitors are required. See application circuit. 7, 32 ATTN2IN, ATTN1IN These ports are matched to 50 Ohms. Blocking capacitor is required. 8 VCTRL Attenuation control voltage for the attenuator. 0V for minimum attenuation, 5V for maximum attenuation. 10, 11, 26 N/C No connection required. These pins may be connected to RF ground without affecting performance. 12 CT1 Reserved pin and should be connected to ground. 13 DETOUT Logarithmic output that converts the input power to a DC level in controller mode. Output voltage increases with increasing amplitude. Interface Schematic For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 Pin Descriptions 8 - 10 HMC992LP5E v01.0811 AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 8 - 11 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz Pin Descriptions (continued) Pin Number Function Description 14 DETVDD Power supply for the attenuator. External by pass capacitors are required. See application circuit. 15, 17, 22, 24 GND These pins must be connected to RF ground. 16 DETIN Detector RF input pin. 18 DETEN Enable pin. Apply VEN > 0.8xVcc for normal operation. Apply VEN < 0.2xVcc to disable the detector. 19 DETSET Set point input for controller mode. Connect to DETOUT with the resistor network shown in evaluation board drawing for detector mode. 20 DETRSSI Connection for ground referenced external lowpass filter capacitor. 21, 25 AMP2OUT, AMP1OUT These ports are mathed to 50 Ohms. External Choke inductor and DC blocking capacitor are required. See application circuit. 23, 27 AMP2IN, AMP1IN These ports are matched to 50 Ohms. Blocking capacitor is required. Interface Schematic For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz 8 AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT Application Circuit For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] 8 - 12 HMC992LP5E v01.0811 RFOUT1 RFIN1 J2 RFOUT2 Evaluation PCB AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT J3 J4 RFOUT3 C13 C22 L1 L2 C10 C25 C24 R1 R2 R14 VSET DETOUT C30 R13 R11 R18 C27 R5 R3 RFDETIN R10 J6 C29 C18 C19 J7 R8 R6 GND C5 C6 GND VCTRL J5 C11 R9 R4 C16 C17 C3 C14 C15 C4 RSSI DETEN R25 J1 C2 C20 C21 C7 C8 C9 + RFIN2 VDD 8 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz R15 600-00117-00-3 List of Materials for Evaluation PCB EVAL01-HMC992LP5E[1] 8 - 13 Item Description J1-J6 SMA Connector J7 DC Connector Header C2-C10, C22, C24 1 nF Capacitor, 0402 Pkg. C11, C14,C17,C19, C21,C25 100 pF Capacitor, 0402 Pkg. C13 33 µF Capacitor, Tantalum C15-C16, C18, C20, C27, C29 0.1 µF Capacitor, 0402 Pkg. C30 1 µF Capacitor, 0603 Pkg. L1 110 nH Inductor, 0603 Pkg. L2 820 nH Inductor, 0603 Pkg. R1-R6, R9-R10, R13, R18 0 Ohm Resistor, 0402 Pkg. R8 51 Ohms Resistor, 0402 Pkg. R11, R15 10 kOhms Resistor, 0402 Pkg. R14 1 kOhms Resistor, 0402 Pkg. R25 240 Ohms Resistor, 0402 Pkg. Item Description U1 HMC992LP5E IF-Automatic Gain Controller PCB [2] 600-00117-00 Evaluation PCB [1] Reference this number when ordering complete evaluation PCB [2] Circuit Board Material: Rogers 4350 or Arlon 25 FR For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] HMC992LP5E IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz Application Information Introduction The HMC992LP5E is a complete high performance Automatic Gain Control (AGC) solution, housing a Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) core and a control core in a single package. Its unique VVA technology provides constant OIP3 over the entire control voltage range. The HMC992LP5E greatly simplifies the design of gain control loops by increasing the integration level and reducing the number of required circuit elements. The VGA core of the HMC992LP5E is composed of two identical voltage variable attenuators followed by two gain block amplifiers which operate from 10 to 800 MHz. The HMC992LP5E’s control core features a high accuracy log detector. As shown in the functional block diagram, the HMC992LP5E combines all of these cores in a highly compact 5 x 5 mm plastic package, and offers an easy-to-use, temperature stable AGC solution. The HMC992LP5’s VGA core has a flexible structure where a single attenuator (23dB) or two attenuators (46dB) can be used depending upon the dynamic range requirement. The HMC992LP5E is designed to operate in a 50 Ohms impedance system. Inputs and outputs of the HMC992LP5E’s attenuators and amplifiers (ATTIN1, ATTOUT1, ATTIN2, ATTOUT2, AMPIN1, AMPOUT1, AMPIN2, AMPOUT2) are broadband matched to 50 Ohms single-ended and require only external DC blocking capacitors over the entire frequency band of operation. The input of the HMC992LP5E’s built in log detector (RFDETIN) is also broadband matched to 50 Ohms with a single-ended input interface and does not require any matching components. The HMC992LP5E requires a single 5V supply with adequate power supply decoupling as recommended in the application schematic. 8 AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT v01.0811 Figure 1a: The HMC992LP5E’s VGA configuration with 1 attenuator. For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] 8 - 14 HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 Figure 1b: The HMC992LP5E’s VGA configuration with 2 attenuators. VGA Operation The HMC992LP5E’s VGA core can be configured with one or two variable attenuators followed by two fixed gain amplifiers for different control ranges as shown in Figure 1a and Figure 1b (basic connections are not shown). The blocks require only external DC blocking capacitors at their inputs and outputs for interconnections. Note that the link between VCTRL and DETOUT pins must be broken for correct VGA Operation. The VCTRL pin should be used to set the attenuation of the HMC992LP5E. Gain Control Interface VCTRL The VCTRL pin is the gain control pin common to both of HMC992LP5E’s identical voltage variable attenuators. The VCTRL gain control voltage ranges between 1V and 4V. A VCTRL control voltage of 1V provides the lowest attenuation, while 4V provides the highest attenuation. Figure 2 represents the VGA operation of HMC992LP5E with two attenuators and two amplifiers for different gain control voltages applied to the VCTRL pin. The output power increases linearly with the input power until the power saturation is reached when the VCTRL voltage is constant. The useable input power range of such a system is limited by the saturation level of the final stage amplifier. So the input power level required for power saturation and the dynamic range of the 8 - 15 For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz OUTPUT POWER (dBm) VCTRL=1 V VCTRL=2 V VCTRL=3 V VCTRL=4 V 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 INPUT POWER (dBm) Figure 2: Pout vs. Pin at 100 MHz, 1 attenuator HMC992LP5E’s VGA is defined by the value of the gain control voltage applied to the VCTRL pin. Refer to the Figure 2 for the useable input power range at different VCTRL levels. When VCTRL=1V, the gain of HMC992LP5E’s VGA with 2 attenuators is 39 dB at 100 MHz. The input power required for 1 dB compression point at the output is given by: Pin1dB = Pout1dB – Gain (dB) = 18 – 39 = -21 dB. When VCTRL=2V, the gain of the HMC992LP5E’s VGA with 2 attenuators is 25 dB at 100 MHz. The input power required for 1 dB compression point at the output is given by: Pin1dB = Pout1dB – Gain (dB) = 18 – 25 = -7 dB. Therefore, increasing the VCTRL pin voltage reduces the gain of the HMC992LP5E’s VGA and increases input power level required for power saturation. When the input signal is weak, the attenuation level of the variable attenuators should be reduced. When the input signal is large; the attenuation level of the variable attenuators should be increased to achieve a constant output level. The gain control performance of the HMC992LP5E at 300 MHz is shown in Figures 3a and 3b. The HMC992LP5E provides 24 dB of gain control range with a maximum gain of 41.2 dB when it is configured in 1 attenuator + 2 amplifiers mode, and similarly a 48 dB of gain control range with a maximum gain of 39 dB of gain when it is configured in 2 attenuators + 2 amplifiers mode. The HMC992LP5E’s VGA has a very flat linear-in-dB gain control characteristic with a slope of -18.2 dB/V for the 2 attenuator configuration and -9.1 dB/V for the 1 attenuator configuration. The log-linearity error of the HMC992LP5 VGA is typically less than ± 1dB over the entire gain control range as shown in Figure 3a and Figure 3b. The relation between the gain of HMC992LP5E’s VGA and VCTRL pin voltage can be approximated as given in Equation (1). Gain (dB) = 52.5 – 9.1 x VCTRL with one attenuator Equation (1a) Gain (dB) = 61.0 – 18.2 x VCTRL with two attenuators Equation (1b) 45 3 40 2 Error 35 1 30 0 25 -1 Ideal Gain 20 ERROR (dB) GAIN (dB) AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 20 -2 15 -3 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 VCTRL (V) Figure 3a: Gain & Gain Conformance Error vs. VCTRL at 300 MHz, 1 attenuator + 2 amplifiers configuration. For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] 8 - 16 HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz 8 3 GAIN (dB) 30 2 Error 20 1 10 0 0 -1 Ideal Gain -10 ERROR (dB) AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 40 -2 -20 -3 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 VCTRL (V) Figure 3b: Gain & Gain Conformance Error vs. VCTRL at 300 MHz, 2 attenuators + 2 amplifiers configuration. Noise and Distortion As with any multistage VGA consisting of voltage variable attenuators and gain blocks, the noise figure (NF) and input referred distortion (IIP3) characteristics of the HMC992LP5E’s VGA are dependent on the gain control voltage VCTRL. When the attenuation level of the variable attenuators is set to minimum (maximum gain state), the noise figure of the HMC992LP5E’s VGA is minimized; however the IIP3 is degraded to minimum as well. The noise figure and IIP3 of the HMC992LP5E’s VGA increases with the attenuation level of the variable attenuators. For low attenuation levels, the noise contribution from the VGA is important since the input signal is weak. For high attenuation levels of the variable attenuators, the noise contribution from the VGA is less important and the noise requirement of the VGA is relaxed since the input signal is high. The noise figure performance of the HMC992LP5E’s VGA at 300 MHz is shown in Figure 4. The HMC992LP5E’s VGA delivers a noise figure of 6 dB in its maximum gain state when it is configured in 1 attenuator + 2 amplifiers mode. For low attenuation levels of the variable attenuators, IIP3 is less important since high gain of whole VGA improves distortion performance at its output (OIP3). For high attenuation levels of the variable attenuators, IIP3 is more important because of low gain of whole VGA. The distortion performance of the HMC992LP5E’s VGA at 300 MHz is shown in Figure 4. The HMC992LP5E’s VGA provides an almost constant OIP3 of up to +44 dBm in any state when it is configured in one attenuator and two amplifiers mode. 50 40 40 OIP3 30 30 Noise Figure Gain 20 20 10 OIP3 (dBm) NOISE FIGURE, GAIN (dB) 50 10 0 0 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 VCTRL (V) Figure 4: Noise Figure & Gain & OIP3 vs. VCTRL at 300 MHz, 1 attenuator. 8 - 17 For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz The HMC992LP5E can be configured as an AGC amplifier by using VGA core and the built in log detector. An example for AGC amplifier configuration of the HMC992LP5E is depicted in below figure. AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 AGC Operation Figure 5: The HMC992LP5E’s AGC configuration with 2 attenuators. In AGC amplifier configuration, the input signal is amplified by the HMC992LP5E’s VGA. The output of the HMC992LP5E’s VGA core is fed back to the input of the HMC992LP5E’s log detector (RFDETIN) through an external coupler or attenuator to drop the maximum and minimum output level of the HMC992LP5E’s VGA to within the dynamic range of the HMC992LP5E’s log detector. The HMC992LP5E’s log detector produces a voltage at the output of the log detector (DETOUT) proportional to the output power level of the HMC992LP5E’s VGA. The high impedance output pin DETOUT is connected to the gain control pin VCTRL of VGA to form the AGC loop. The VSET pin is the constant output power set point of the AGC amplifier. As a result of negative feedback, the gain of the VGA is automatically adjusted to maintain a constant signal power level at the output of AGC amplifier. The output signal power level is determined by the AGC set point VSET, regardless of the input signal variation. For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] 8 - 18 HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz AGC Set point Interface VSET In closed loop AGC operation the output power level of the HMC992LP5E is controlled by the VSET pin. An input voltage between 0.2V and 1.2V should be applied to the VSET input pin to control the output power level. The VSET vs. the output power characteristic is shown in Figure 6a and Figure 6b for different input power levels and different coupler ratios used. The slope of the gain vs. VSET characteristic is 57dB/V and it is independent of the coupler ratio used. In closed loop operation the HMC992LP5E is able to automatically adjust the RF gain over a gain adjustment range of up to 46 dB at 100 MHz. The HMC992LP5E’s output dynamic range is a function of both input power level and the coupler ratio used to close the AGC loop. The combined effect of the input power and coupler ratio on the output power dynamic range is presented in Figures 6a and 6b. For high input power levels, the maximum level of output dynamic range is limited by the Psat of the VGA or the highest detectable power level by the log detector. To eliminate any limitations that can arise due to highest detectable log detector, a high enough coupler ratio should be chosen to translate the maximum VGA output power level to a value lower than the highest detectable log detector power level. 30 20 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 Input Power = -25 dBm Input Power = -20 dBm Input Power = -15 dBm 10 0 -10 20 dB coupler is used -20 -30 -40 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 VSET (V) Figure 6a: Output Power vs. VSET over Input Power, 2 attenuators @ 300 MHz. 30 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) 20 Coupler= -10 dBm Coupler= -20 dBm Coupler= -30 dBm 10 0 -10 Input Power = -20 dBm -20 -30 -40 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 VSET (V) Figure 6b: Output Power vs. VSET over coupler ratio, 2 attenuators @ 300 MHz. 8 - 19 For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz Similarly, the lower side of the dynamic range is limited by the noise floor of the VGA or the lowest power level detectable by the log detector. To eliminate any limitations on the lower side of the dynamic range, the coupler ratio should be low enough to translate the minimum VGA output power level to a value higher than the lowest detectable log detector power level. Please also refer to the Log Detector section for more information. Figure 7a shows the output power vs. input power transfer characteristic of the HMC992LP5E over different VSET voltages for a closed AGC loop configuration. For low and high input power levels the HMC992LP5E attenuation rage is saturated and the output is a linear function of the input. For input power levels within the dynamic range, the HMC992LP5E automatically adjusts the attenuation level as shown in Figure 7c to maintain a constant output power level. When Vset=0.6 V, the output power level is set to -13 dBm and the HMC992LP5E’s AGC amplifier provides a gain control range of 46 dB from -51 dBm to -5 dBm with an excellent ripple within 0.06 dB. 10 -8 0 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) OUTPUT POWER (dBm) 20 dB coupler is used -10 -20 -30 -40 -70 VSET=0.4V VSET=0.6V VSET=0.8V -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -10 20 dB coupler is used -12 -14 -16 +25C +85C -40C -18 -20 -70 10 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 INPUT POWER (dBm) INPUT POWER (dBm) Figure 7a: Output Power vs. input power over VSET, 2 attenuators @ 300 MHz. Figure 7b: Output Power vs. input power, 2 attenuators @ 400 MHz & VSET=0.6V 5 DETOUT (V) 4 20 dB coupler is used 3 2 1 0 -70 VSET= 0.4V VSET= 0.6V VSET= 0.8V -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 INPUT POWER (dBm) Figure 7c: DETOUT vs. input power over VSET, 2 attenuators @ 300 MHz. For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] 8 - 20 HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 Log Detector The logarithmic detector of the HMC992LP5E converts the average envelope of RF input power to a proportional DC voltage at its output (DETOUT), as shown in Figure 8. In detection mode, the DETOUT pin should be connected to the VSET input. The HMC992LP5E’s logarithmic detector employs a successive compression technology which delivers 50 dB of dynamic range (±1dB) with high conversion accuracy over a wide input frequency range. Note that the link between DETOUT and VCTRL pins must broken and DETOUT must connected to VSET via 1k Ohms resistor for LOGAMP operation. The HMC992LP5E’s logarithmic detector can be used in the controller mode where an external voltage is applied to the VSET pin to create an AGC loop. The linear-in-dB behavior of the HMC992LP5E’s VGA and logarithmic detector creates a linear AGC system. For linear operation, the signal fluctuations at the input of the log detector should remain within the dynamic range of the log detector. In closed loop AGC operation, the HMC992LP5E’s response to large input level changes is not slew-rate limited, and the speed of the transient response can be adjusted through loop filter capacitors C28 and C30 (see Figure 5). To achieve maximum gain adjustment range of the HMC992LP5E, the coupler ratio should be chosen based on the output power desired. A coupler ratio which translates the output power to the center (-25dBm) of the usable dynamic range of the log detector should be chosen. The gain adjustment range of the HMC992L5E is maximized in this configuration. If the linear operation range of the HMC992LP5E is maximized by selecting the appropriate coupler ratio, the HMC992LP5E can handle larger changes in input level. For example, an input voltage of 0.6 V is applied to the Vset pin to set the constant output power level to -13 dBm. A coupler ratio of ~12 dB can be chosen to provide a maximum dynamic range of 46 dBm. 1.5 100 MHz 300 MHz 500 MHz 800 MHz DETOUT (V) 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.3 0 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 INPUT POWER (dBm) Figure 8: DETOUT vs. input power over frequency. 8 - 21 For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] HMC992LP5E v01.0811 IF AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROLLER (IF-AGC), 50 - 800 MHz Loop Bandwidth and Response Time The AGC system has a response time to undesired input level fluctuations. Response time and the stability of the HMC992LP5E’s AGC loop is determined by C28 and C30 in the application schematic. The HMC992LP5E’s response to voltage changes in VSET with C28=C30=1µF when the input level is kept constant is shown in Figure 9. 3.5 VCTRL (V) 3 2.5 2 1.5 Pin= -30 dBm 1 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - SMT 8 TIME (ms) Figure 9: HMC992LP5E’s gain control voltage when VSET is toggled between 0.4V - 0.8V and input level is kept constant in closed loop. For price, delivery and to place orders: Hittite Microwave Corporation, 2 Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA 01824 Phone: 978-250-3343 Fax: 978-250-3373 Order On-line at www.hittite.com Application Support: Phone: 978-250-3343 or [email protected] 8 - 22