DATA SHEET AS5163 12 BIT AUTOMOTIVE Angle Position Sensor General Description The AS5163 is a contactless magnetic angle position sensor for accurate angular measurement over a full turn of 360°. A sub range can be programmed to achieve the best resolution for the application. It is a system-on-chip, combining integrated Hall elements, analog front end, digital signal processing and best in class automotive protection features in a single device. Benefits To measure the angle, only a simple two-pole magnet, rotating over the center of the chip, is required. The magnet may be placed above or below the IC. The absolute angle measurement provides instant indication of the magnet’s angular position with a resolution of 0.022° = 16384 positions per revolution. According to this resolution the adjustment of the application specific mechanical positions are possible. The angular output data is available over a 12 bit PWM signal or 12 bit ratiometric analog output. The AS5163 operates at a supply voltage of 5 V and the supply and output pins are protected against overvoltage up to +27 V. In addition the supply pins are protected against reverse polarity up to – 18 V. - Unique fully differential patented solution - Best protections for automotive applications - Easy to program - Flexible interface selection PWM, analog output - Ideal for applications in harsh environments due to contactless position sensing - Robust system, tolerant to magnet misalignment, air gap variations, temperature variations and external magnetic fields - No calibration required because of inherent accuracy. - High driving capability of analog output (including diagnostics) Key Features − 360° contactless high resolution angular position encoding − User programmable start and end point of the application region. − User programmable clamping levels and programming of the transition point. − Powerful analog output • short circuit monitor • Figure 1: Typical arrangement of AS5163 and magnet Applications - High driving capability for resistive and capacitive loads − − Wide temperature range: - 40°C to + 150°C Small Pb-free package: TSSOP 14. − Broken GND and VDD detection over a wide range of different load conditions. Automotive applications: - throttle and valve position sensing - gearbox position sensor - Headlight position control - Torque sensing - pedal position sensing - non contact potentiometers Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 1 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Blockdiagram Figure 2: Block diagram AS5163 Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 2 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Contents 1 PIN CONFIGURATION ............................................................................................................ 7 1.1 2 P IN D ESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................... 7 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ....................................................................................... 8 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 A BSOLUTE M AXIMUM R ATINGS ............................................................................................... 8 O PERATING C ONDITIONS ......................................................................................................... 8 T IMING C ONDITIONS ............................................................................................................... 8 M AGNETIC I NPUT S PECIFICATION ............................................................................................ 8 E LECTRICAL S YSTEM S PECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................... 9 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................. 9 4 OPERATION ........................................................................................................................... 10 4.1 VDD V OLTAGE M ONITOR ..................................................................................................... 10 4.1.1 VDD Overvoltage Management ...................................................................................... 10 4.1.2 VDD5 Undervoltage Management .................................................................................. 11 5 ANALOG OUTPUT ................................................................................................................. 11 5.1 P ROGRAMMING P ARAMETERS ................................................................................................ 12 5.1.1 Application specific angular range programming ........................................................... 12 5.1.2 Application specific programming of the break point ...................................................... 12 5.1.3 Full Scale Mode ............................................................................................................ 13 5.1.4 Resolution of the Parameters ......................................................................................... 13 5.1.5 Analogue Output Diagnostic Mode ................................................................................. 14 5.2 A NALOG O UTPUT D RIVER P ARAMETERS ................................................................................. 15 6 PULSE WIDTH MODULATION (PWM) OUTPUT ................................................................. 16 7 KICK DOWN FUNCTION ....................................................................................................... 17 8 PROGRAMMING THE AS5163............................................................................................... 18 8.1 H ARDWARE S ETUP ............................................................................................................... 19 8.2 P ROTOCOL TIMING AND COMMANDS OF SINGLE PIN INTERFACE ................................................ 19 8.2.1 Unblock ........................................................................................................................ 21 8.2.2 WRITE128 ..................................................................................................................... 22 8.2.3 READ128 ...................................................................................................................... 23 8.2.4 DOWNLOAD ................................................................................................................. 24 8.2.5 UPLOAD ....................................................................................................................... 24 8.2.6 FUSE ............................................................................................................................ 24 8.2.7 PASS2FUNC ................................................................................................................. 25 8.2.8 READ ............................................................................................................................ 25 8.2.9 WRITE .......................................................................................................................... 25 8.3 OTP P ROGRAMMING D ATA ................................................................................................... 26 8.4 R EAD /W RITE USER DATA ...................................................................................................... 28 8.5 P ROGRAMMING P ROCEDURE .................................................................................................. 29 9 CHOOSING THE PROPER MAGNET .................................................................................... 30 9.1 9.2 P HYSICAL P LACEMENT OF THE M AGNET ................................................................................. 31 M AGNET P LACEMENT ........................................................................................................... 31 Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 3 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 10 PACKAGE DRAWINGS AND MARKINGS ......................................................................... 32 11 ORDERING INFORMATION............................................................................................... 32 12 REVISION HISTORY........................................................................................................... 33 CONTACT ..................................................................................................................................... 33 HEADQUARTERS ......................................................................................................................... 33 COPYRIGHTS ............................................................................................................................... 33 DISCLAIMER................................................................................................................................ 33 Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 4 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER List of Figures F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE F IGURE 1: T YPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF AS5163 AND MAGNET ................................................................ 1 2: B LOCK DIAGRAM AS5163 ................................................................................................... 2 3: P IN CONFIGURATION TSSOP14 ............................................................................................ 7 4: C ONNECTIONS FOR 5V SUPPLY VOLTAGES .......................................................................... 10 5: P ROGRAMMING OF AN INDIVIDUAL APPLICATION RANGE ...................................................... 12 6: I NDIVIDUAL PROGRAMMING OF THE BREAK POINT BP .......................................................... 13 7: F ULL SCALE MODE ............................................................................................................ 13 8: O VERVIEW ABOUT THE ANGULAR OUTPUT VOLTAGE ............................................................ 14 9: PWM OUTPUT SIGNAL ....................................................................................................... 16 10: K ICK D OWN H YSTERESIS IMPLEMENTATION ...................................................................... 17 11: P ROGRAMMING SCHEMATIC OF THE AS5163 ..................................................................... 19 12: B IT CODING OF THE SINGLE PIN PROGRAMMING INTERFACE ................................................ 19 13: P ROTOCOL D EFINITION .................................................................................................... 20 14: B US TIMING FOR THE WRITE128 COMMAND ..................................................................... 20 15: B US TIMING FOR THE READ128 COMMAND ....................................................................... 20 16: B US TIMING FOR THE READ COMMANDS .......................................................................... 21 17: U NBLOCK SEQUENCE ....................................................................................................... 21 18: F RAME ORGANISATION OF THE WRITE128 COMMAND ....................................................... 22 19: F RAME ORGANISATION OF THE READ128 COMMAND ......................................................... 23 20: F RAME O RGANISATION OF THE DOWNLOAD COMMAND .................................................. 24 21: F RAME ORGANISATION OF THE UPLOAD COMMAND ......................................................... 24 22: F RAME ORGANISATION OF THE FUSE COMMAND ............................................................... 24 23: F RAME ORGANISATION OF THE PASS2FUNC COMMAND .................................................... 25 24: F RAME ORGANISATION OF THE READ COMMAND .............................................................. 25 25: F RAME ORGANISATION OF THE WRITE COMMAND ............................................................. 25 26: T YPICAL MAGNET (6 X 3 MM ) AND MAGNETIC FIELD DISTRIBUTION ....................................... 30 27: D EFINED CHIP CENTER AND MAGNET DISPLACEMENT RADIUS ............................................. 31 28: V ERTICAL PLACEMENT OF THE MAGNET ............................................................................ 31 29: P ACKAGE D IMENSIONS AND M ARKING ............................................................................. 32 Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 5 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER List of Tables T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE T ABLE 1: P IN DESCRIPTION TSSOP14 .................................................................................................. 7 2: A BSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ............................................................................................. 8 3: O PERATING C ONDITIONS ...................................................................................................... 8 4 T IMING CONDITIONS .............................................................................................................. 8 5: M AGNET I NPUT S PECIFICATION ............................................................................................. 9 6: R ESOLUTION OF THE PROGRAMMING PARAMETERS ............................................................... 13 7: DIFFERENT FAILURE CASES OF AS5163 ................................................................................ 15 8: G ENERAL P ARAMETERS O UTPUT D RIVER ............................................................................. 15 9: E LECTRICAL PARAMETERS FOR THE ANALOGUE OUTPUT STAGE ............................................. 16 10: PWM SIGNAL PARAMETERS .............................................................................................. 17 11: E LECTRICAL PARAMETERS FOR THE PWM OUTPUT MODE .................................................... 17 12: P ROGRAMMING PARAMETERS FOR THE K ICK D OWN FUNCTION ............................................. 18 13: E LECTRICAL PARAMETERS OF THE KDOWN OUTPUT .......................................................... 18 14: OTP COMMANDS AND COMMUNICATION INTERFACE MODES ................................................. 20 15: OTP D ATA O RGANISATION P ART 1.................................................................................... 26 16: OTP D ATA O RGANISATION P ART 2.................................................................................... 27 17: R EAD /W RITE DATA .......................................................................................................... 28 18: P ACKAGE D IMENSIONS ..................................................................................................... 32 19: O RDERING I NFORMATION ................................................................................................. 32 Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 6 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Pin Configuration VDD 1 14 OUT VDD5 2 13 NC NC 3 VDD3 4 GNDA 5 NC NC AS5163 1 12 GNDP 11 KDOWN 10 NC 6 9 NC 7 8 GNDD Figure 3: Pin configuration TSSOP14 1.1 Pin Description Table 1: Pin description TSSOP14 shows the description of each pin of the standard TSSOP14 package (Thin Shrink Small Outline Package, 14 leads; see Figure 3). Pins 1, 2, 4, 5, 8 and 12 are supply pins and outputs of the internal voltage regulators. Pins 3, 6, 7, 9, 10 and 13 are used for fabrication test purpose and should be connected according Table 1 at the application board. Pin 11 is one additional output pin which can be used for a compare function including a hysteresis. An open drain configuration is used. If the internal angle is above a programmable threshold the output is switched to low. Below the threshold the output is high using a pull up resistor. Pin 14 is the output pin which is used for the analog output or digital PWM output mode. In addition this pin is used for programming of the device. Pin Symbol Type Description 1 VDD S Positive supply pin. This pin is over voltage protected. 2 VDD5 S 4,5V-Regulator output, internally regulated from VDD. This pin needs an external ceramic capacitor of 2.2 µF 3 NC 4 VDD3 S 3,45V-Regulator output, internally regulated from VDD5. This pin needs an external ceramic capacitor of 2.2 µF 5 GNDA S Analogue ground pin. Connected to ground in the application. 6 NC DIO/AIO Test pins for fabrication. Connected to ground in the application. 7 NC DIO/AIO Test pins for fabrication. Open in the application. 8 GNDD 9 NC 10 NC 11 KDOWN 12 GNDP 13 NC 14 OUT DIO/AIO Test pins for fabrication. Connected to ground in the application. S Digital ground pin. Connected to ground in the application. DIO/AIO Test pins for fabrication. Connected to ground in the application. DIO/AIO Test pins for fabrication. Connected to ground in the application. DO_OD Kick down functionality. S Analogue ground pin. Connected to ground in the application. DIO/AIO DIO/AIO Test pins for fabrication. Connected to ground in the application. Output pin can be programmed as analogue output or PWM output. Over this pin the programming is possible. Table 1: Pin description TSSOP14 S DO_OD DI/AIO DO_T supply pin digital output open drain multi purpose pin digital output /tri-state Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 7 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 2 Electrical Characteristics 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings“ may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Operating Conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Parameter Symbol Min Value Unit Note DC supply voltage at pin VDD Overvoltage VDD -18 27 V No operation Output voltage OUT Vout -0.3 27 V permanent Output voltage KDOWN VKDOWN -0.3 27 V permanent DC supply voltage at pin VDD3 VDD3 -0.3 5.5 V DC supply voltage at pin VDD5 VDD5 -0.3 7 V Input current (latchup immunity) Iscr -100 100 mA Norm: JEDEC 78 Norm: MIL 883 E method 3015 Electrostatic discharge ESD ±4 kV VDD, GND, OUT and KDOWN Pin. All other pins ± 2 kV Storage temperature Tstrg Body temperature (Lead-free package) TBody Humidity non-condensing -55 H 5 125 °C 260 °C 85 % Min – 67°F ; Max +257°F t=20 to 40s, Norm: IPC/JEDEC J-Std-020C Lead finish 100% Sn “matte tin” Table 2: Absolute maximum ratings 2.2 Operating Conditions Parameter Symbol Min Ambient temperature Tamb -40 Supply current Isupp Typ Max +150 15 Unit °C Note -40°F…+302°F mA Supply voltage at pin VDD VDD 4.5 5.0 5.5 V Voltage regulator output voltage at pin VDD3 VDD3 3.3 3.45 3.6 V Voltage regulator output voltage at pin VDD5 VDD5 4.5 5V Operation V Table 3: Operating Conditions 2.3 Timing Conditions Parameter Symbol Internal Master Clock FRCOT Interface Clock Time TCLK WachDog error detection time Min Typ 4.05 Max 4.5 Unit 4.95 222.2 MHz ns TDETWD 12 Note ±10% TCLK = 1 / FRCOT ms Table 4 Timing conditions 2.4 Magnetic Input Specification (Operating conditions: T am b = -40 to +150°C, VDD5 = 4.5-5.5V (5V operation) unless otherwise noted) Two-pole cylindrical diametrically magnetized source: Parameter Symbol Min Diameter dmag Thickness tmag 2.5 Magnetic input field amplitude Bpk 30 Revision 2.4 Typ Max 6 Unit Note mm Recommended magnet: Ø 6mm x 2.5mm for cylindrical magnets mm 70 mT www.austriamicrosystems.com Required vertical component of the magnetic field strength on the die’s surface, measured along a concentric circle with a radius of 1.1mm Page 8 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Parameter Magnetic offset Symbol Min Typ Boff Field non-linearity Displacement radius Disp 0.25 Eccentricity Ecc 100 Max Unit ± 10 mT Constant magnetic stray field 5 % Including offset gradient 1 mm Offset between defined device center and magnet axis (see Figure 27). Dependant on the selected magnet. µm Eccentricity of magnet center to rotational axis -0.12 Recommended magnet material and temperature drift Note NdFeB (Neodymium Iron Boron) %/K SmCo (Samarium Cobalt) -0.035 Table 5: Magnet Input Specification 2.5 Electrical System Specifications (Operating conditions: T am b = -40 to +150°C, VDD = 4.5-5.5V (5V operation) unless otherwise noted) Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Note Resolution Analog and PWM Output RES 12 bit Integral non-linearity (optimum) 360 degree full turn INLopt ± 0.5 deg Maximum error with respect to the best line fit. Centered magnet without calibration, Tamb =25 °C. Integral non-linearity (optimum) 360 degree full turn INLtemp ± 0.9 deg Maximum error with respect to the best line fit. Centered magnet without calibration, Tamb = -40 to +150°C Integral non-linearity 360 degree full turn INL ± 1.4 deg Best line fit = (Errmax – Errmin) / 2 Over displacement tolerance with 6mm diameter magnet, without calibration, Tamb = -40 to +150°C Transition noise TN Deg RMS 1 sigma Power-on reset thresholds Von Voff On voltage; 300mV typ. hysteresis Off voltage; 300mV typ. hysteresis 0.06 1.37 1.08 2.2 1.9 2.9 2.6 V V Power-up time tPwrUp 10 ms System propagation delay absolute output : delay of ADC, DSP and absolute interface tdelay 100 µs DC supply voltage 3.3V (VDD3) DC supply voltage 3.3V (VDD3) Fast mode, times 2 in slow mode Table 5: Electrical System Specifications Note: The INL performance is specified over the full turn of 360 degrees. An operation in an angle segment increases the accuracy. A two point linearization is recommended to achieve the best INL performance for the chosen angle segment. 3 Functional Description The AS5163 is manufactured in a CMOS process and uses a spinning current Hall technology for sensing the magnetic field distribution across the surface of the chip. The integrated Hall elements are placed around the center of the device and deliver a voltage representation of the magnetic field at the surface of the IC. Through Sigma-Delta Analog / Digital Conversion and Digital Signal-Processing (DSP) algorithms, the AS5163 provides accurate high-resolution absolute angular position information. For this purpose a Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) calculates the angle and the magnitude of the Hall array signals. The DSP is also used to provide digital information at the outputs that indicate movements of the used magnet towards or away from the device’s surface. Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 9 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER A small low cost diametrically magnetized (two-pole) standard magnet provides the angular position information (see Figure 26). The AS5163 senses the orientation of the magnetic field and calculates a 14-bit binary code. This code is mapped to a programmable output characteristic. The type of output is programmable and can be selected as PWM or analog output. This signal is available at the pin 14 (OUT). The analog and PWM output can be configured in many ways. The application angular region can be programmed in a user friendly way. The start angle position T1 and the end point T2 can be set and programmed according the mechanical range of the application with a resolution of 14 bits. In addition the T1Y and T2Y parameter can be set and programmed according the application. The transition point 0 to 360 degree can be shifted using the break point parameter BP. This point is programmable with a high resolution of 14 bits of 360 degrees. The voltage for clamping level low CLL and clamping level high CLH can be programmed with a resolution of 7 bits. Both levels are individually adjustable. These parameters are also used to adjust the PWM duty cycle. The AS5163 provides also a compare function. The internal angular code is compared to a programmable level using hysteresis. The function is available over the output pin 11 (KDOWN). The output parameters can be programmed in an OTP register. No additional voltage is required to program the AS5163. The setting may be overwritten at any time and will be reset to default when power is cycled. To make the setting permanent, the OTP register must be programmed by using a lock bit the content could be frozen for ever. The AS5163 is tolerant to magnet misalignment and unwanted external magnetic fields due to differential measurement technique and Hall sensor conditioning circuitry. 4 Operation The AS5163 operates at 5V ±10%, using two internal Low-Dropout (LDO) voltage regulators. For operation, the 5V supply is connected to pin VDD. While VDD3 and VDD5 (LDO outputs) must be buffered by 2.2µF capacitors, the VDD requires a 1µF capacitor. All capacitors (low ESR ceramic) are supposed to be placed close to the supply pins (see Figure 4). The VDD3 and VDD5 outputs are intended for internal use only. It must not be loaded with an external load. 5V Operation 2.2µF VDD5 2.2µF VDD3 1µF VDD LDO LDO Internal VDD4.5V Internal VDD3.45V 4.5 - 5.5V GND Figure 4: Connections for 5V supply voltages Note: The pins VDD3 and VDD5 must always be buffered by a capacitor. It must not be left floating, as this may cause instable internal supply voltages which may lead to larger output jitter of the measured angle. The supply pins are over voltage protected up to 27 V. In addition the device has a reverse polarity protection. 4.1 4.1.1 VDD Voltage Monitor VDD Overvoltage Management If the voltage applied to the VDD pin exceeds the over-voltage upper threshold for longer than the detection time the device enters a low power mode reducing the power consumption. When the overvoltage event has passed and the voltage applied Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 10 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER to the VDD pin falls below the over-voltage lower threshold for longer than the recovery time the device enters the normal mode. 4.1.2 VDD5 Undervoltage Management When the voltage applied to the VDD5 pin falls below the under-voltage lower threshold for longer than the VDD5_detection time the device stops the clock of the digital part and the output drivers are turned off to reduce the power consumption. When the voltage applied to the VDD5 pin exceeds the VDD5 undervoltage upper threshold for longer than the VDD5_recovery time the clock is restarted and the output drivers are turned on. 5 Analog Output By default (after programmed Mem_Lock_AMS OTP bit) the analog output mode is selected. The pin OUT provides an analog voltage that is proportional to the angle of the rotating magnet and ratiometric to the supply voltage VDD. It can source or sink currents up to ±8mA in normal operation. Above this limit the short circuit operation mode is activated. Due to an intelligent approach a permanent short circuit will not damage the device. This is also feasible in a high voltage condition up to 27 V and at the highest specified ambient temperature. After the digital signal processing (DSP) a 12-bit Digital-to-Analog converter and output stage provides the output signal. The DSP maps the application range to the output characteristic. An inversion of the slope is also programmable to allow inversion of the rotation direction. The reference voltage for the Digital-to-Analog converter (DAC) is taken internally from VDD / 2. In this mode, the output voltage is ratiometric to the supply voltage. An on-chip diagnostic feature force the analog output in the desired failure band. This will happen in case of a broken supply, too high or low magnetic field, short circuit and overvoltage condition. The Analog output is selected with the unprogrammed OTP bit OP_MODE(0). Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 11 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 5.1 Programming Parameters The analog output voltage modes are programmable by OTP. Depending on the application, the analog output can be adjusted. The user can program the following application specific parameters: T1 Mechanical angle start point T2 Mechanical angle end point T1Y Voltage level at the T1 position T2Y Voltage level at the T2 position CLL Clamping Level Low CLH Clamping Level High BP Break point (transition point 0 to 360 degree) These parameters are input parameters. Over the provided programming software and programmer these parameters are converted and finally written into the AS5163 128 bit OTP memory. 5.1.1 Application specific angular range programming The application range can be selected by programming T1 with a related T1Y and T2 with a related T2Y into the AS5163. The internal gain factor is calculated automatically. The clamping levels CLL and CLH can be programmed independent from the T1 and T2 position and both levels can be separately adjusted. Figure 5: Programming of an individual application range Figure 5 shows a simple example of the selection of the range. The mechanical starting point T1 and the mechanical end point T2 are defining the mechanical range. A sub range of the internal Cordic output range is used and mapped to the needed output characteristic. The analog output signal has 12 bit, hence the level T1Y and T2Y can be adjusted with this resolution. As a result of this level and the calculated slope the clamping region low is defined. The break point BP defines the transition between CLL and CLH. In this example the BP is set to 0 degree. The BP is also the end point of the clamping level high CLH. This range is defined by the level CLH and the calculated slope. Both clamping levels can be set independently form each other. The minimum application range is 10 degrees. 5.1.2 Application specific programming of the break point The break point BP can be programmed as well with a resolution of 14 bits. This is important when the default transition point is inside the application range. In such a case the default transition point must be shifted out of the application range. The parameter BP defines the new position. The function can be used also for an on-off indication. Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 12 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Application range 90 degree electrical range T2 mechanical range T1 100%VDD CLH clamping range high CLH 0 degree T2Y 180 degree T1Y CLL CLL BP 0 clamping range low T1 T2 clamping range low 270 degree Figure 6: Individual programming of the break point BP 5.1.3 Full Scale Mode Analogue output Voltage Without programming the parameters T1 and T2 the AS5163 is in the full scale mode. Figure 7: Full scale mode For simplification, Figure 7 describes a linear output voltage from rail to rail (0V to VDD) over the complete rotation range. In practice, this is not feasible due to saturation effects of the output stage transistors. The actual curve will be rounded towards the supply rails (as indicated Figure 7). 5.1.4 Resolution of the Parameters The programming parameters have a wide resolution up to 14 bits. Parameter Symbol Resolution Note Mechanical angle start point T1 14 bits Mechanical angle stop point T2 14 bits Mechanical start voltage level T1Y 12 bits Mechanical stop voltage level T2Y 12 bits Clamping level low CLL 7 bits 4096 LSBs is the max. level Clamping level high CLH 7 bits 31 LSBs is the min. level Break point BP 14 bits Table 6: Resolution of the programming parameters Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 13 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 100 96 Failure Band High Clamping Region High CLH T2Y Application Region T1Y CLL Clamping Region Low 4 Failure Band Low 0 Figure 8: Overview about the angular output voltage Figure 8 gives an overview about the different ranges. The failure bands are used to indicate a wrong operation of the AS5163. This can be caused due to a broken supply line. By using the specified load resistors the output level will remain in these bands during a fail. It is recommended to set the clamping level CLL above the lower failure band and the clamping level CLH below the higher failure band. 5.1.5 Analogue Output Diagnostic Mode Due to the low pin count in the application a wrong operation must be indicated by the output pin OUT. This could be realized using the failure bands. The failure band is defined with a fixed level. The failure band low is specified from 0 to 4 % of the supply range. The failure band high is defined from 100 to 96 %. Several failures can happen during operation. The output signal remains in these bands over the specified operating and load conditions. All different failures can be grouped into the internal alarms (failures) and the application related failures. CLOAD ≤ 42 nF, RPU= 2k…5.6kOhm RPD= 2k…5.6kOhm load pull-up Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Page 14 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Type Failure mode Symbol Out of magnetic range Application related failures Note Could be switched off by one OTP bit ALARM_DISABLE MAGRng High/Low Cordic overflow COF High/Low Programmable by OTP bit DIAG_HIGH. Offset compensation finished OCF High/Low Programmable by OTP bit DIAG_HIGH. Watch dog fail WDF High/Low Programmable by OTP bit DIAG_HIGH. Oscillator fail OF High/Low Programmable by OTP bit DIAG_HIGH. Overvoltage condition OV (too less or too high magnetic input) Internal alarms (failures) Failure band Broken VDD BVDD Broken VSS BVSS Short circuit output SCO Programmable by OTP bit DIAG_HIGH. Dependent on the load resistor High/Low Pull up failure band high Pull down failure band low High/Low Switch off short circuit dependent Table 7: different failure cases of AS5163 For efficient use of diagnostics it is recommended to program to clamping levels CLL and CLH. 5.2 Analog Output Driver Parameters The output stage is configured in a push-pull output. Therefore it is possible to sink and source currents. CLOAD≤ 42 nF, RPU= 2k…5.6kOhm RPD= 2k…5.6kOhm load pull-up Parameter Symbol Min Short circuit output current (low side driver) IOUTSCL Short circuit output current (high side driver) Typ Max Unit Note 8 32 mA VOUT=27V IOUTSCH -8 -32 mA VOUT=0V Short circuit detection time TSCDET 20 400 us output stage turned off Short circuit recovery time TSCREC 1.5 15 ms output stage turned on Output Leakage current ILEAKOUT -20 20 uA VOUT=5V; VDD=0V Output voltage broken GND with pull-up BGNDPU 96 100 %VDD Output voltage broken GND with pull-down BGNDPD 0 4 %VDD Output voltage broken VDD with pull-up BVDDPU 96 100 %VDD Output voltage broken VDD with ull-down BVDDPD 0 4 %VDD Table 8: General Parameters Output Driver Note: A Pull-Up/Down load up to 1kOhm with increased diagnostic bands from 0%-6% and 94%-100%. Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 15 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Parameter Output Voltage Range Symbol Min VOUT 4 Typ Max Unit 96 % VDD 10 LSB Output Integral nonlinearity VOUTINL Output Differential nonlinearity VOUTDNL -10 10 LSB Output Offset VOUTOFF -50 50 mV Update rate of the Output VOUTUD Output Step Response VOUTSTEP Output Voltage Temperature drift VOUTDRIFT Output ratiometricity error VOUTRATE Noise VOUTNOISE 100 us Note at 2048 LSB level info parameter Between 10% and 90 %, RPUOUT =1kOhm, CLOUT=1nF; VDD=5V of value at mid code; info parameter 555 us -1 1 % -1.5 1.5 %VDD 0.04*VDD≤VOUT≤0.96*VDD 10 mVpp 1Hz…30kHz; at 2048 LSB level Table 9: Electrical parameters for the analogue output stage 6 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Output The AS5163 provides a pulse width modulated output (PWM), whose duty cycle is proportional to the measured angle. This output format is selectable over the OTP memory OP_MODE(0) bit. If output pin OUT is configured as open drain configuration an external load resistor (pull up) is required. The PWM frequency is internally trimmed to an accuracy of ±10% over full temperature range. This tolerance can be cancelled by measuring the ratio between the on and off state. In addition the programmed clamping levels CLL and CLH will also adjust the PWM signal characteristic. Figure 9: PWM output signal Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 16 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER The PWM frequency can be programmed by the OTP bits PWM_frequency (1:0). Therefore 4 different frequencies are possible. Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Note PWM frequency1 fPWM1 123.60 137.33 151.06 Hz PWM_frequency (1:0) = “00” PWM frequency2 fPWM2 247.19 274.66 302.13 Hz PWM_frequency (1:0) = “01” PWM frequency3 fPWM3 494.39 549.32 604.25 Hz PWM_frequency (1:0) = “10” PWM frequency4 fPWM4 988.77 1098.63 1208.50 Hz PWM_frequency (1:0) = “11” MIN pulse width PWMIN (1+1)*1/ fPWM µs MAX pulse width PWMAX (1+4094)*1/ fPWM ms Table 10: PWM signal parameters Taking into consideration the AC characteristic of the PWM output including load it is recommended to use the clamping function. The 0 to 4 % and 96 to 100 % range is recommended. Parameter Max Unit 0 0.4 V IOUT=8mA ILEAK -20 20 uA VOUT=5V PWM duty cycle range PWMDC 4 96 % PWM slew rate PWMSRF 1 4 V/us 100 mV Output voltage low Output leakage Symbol Min PWMVOL Typ Note Between 75 % and 25 % Voltage difference between VDD of ASIC and pull-up load supply 2 ∆SUPP RPUOUT = 1kΩ, CLOUT= 1nF, VDD= 5V Table 11: Electrical parameters for the PWM output mode 7 Kick Down function The AS5163 provides a special compare function. Using a programmable angle value with a programmable hysteresis this function is implemented. It will be indicated over the open drain output pin KDOWN. If the actual angle is above the programmable value plus the hysteresis, the output is switched to low. The output will remain at low level until the value KD is reached in the reverse direction. Figure 10: Kick Down Hysteresis implementation Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 17 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Parameter Symbol Resolution KD 6 bits Kick down angle Note KDHYS (1:0) = “00” 8 LSB hysteresis Kick down Hysteresis KDHYS (1:0) = “01” 16 LSB hysteresis 2 bits KDHYS KDHYS (1:0) = “10” 32 LSB hysteresis KDHYS (1:0) = “11” 64 LSB hysteresis Table 12: Programming parameters for the Kick Down function Pull up resistance 1k to 5.6K to VDD Cload max 42nF Symbol Min Max Unit Short circuit output current (Low Side Driver) Parameter IOUTSC 6 24 mA VKDOWN=27V Short circuit detection time TSCDET 20 400 us output stage turned off Short circuit recovery time TSCREC 1.5 15 ms output stage turned on Output voltage low KDVOL 0 1.1 V IKDOWN=6mA KDILEAK -20 20 uA VKDOWN=5V KDSRF 1 4 V/us Output leakage KDOWN slew rate (falling edge) Typ 2 Note Between 75 % and 25 %, RPUKD = 1kΩ, CLKD= 1nF, VDD= 5V Table 13: Electrical parameters of the KDOWN output 8 Programming the AS5163 The AS5163 programming is a one-time-programming (OTP) method, based on polysilicon fuses. The advantage of this method is that no additional programming voltage is needed. The internal LDO provides the current for programming. The OTP consists of 128 bits; several bits are available for user programming. In addition factory settings are stored in the OTP memory. Both regions are independently lockable by build in lock bits. A single OTP cell can be programmed only once. Per default, the cell is “0”; a programmed cell will contain a “1”. While it is not possible to reset a programmed bit from “1” to “0”, multiple OTP writes are possible, as long as only unprogrammed “0”bits are programmed to “1”. Independent of the OTP programming, it is possible to overwrite the OTP register temporarily with an OTP write command. This is possible only if the user lock bit is not programmed. Due to the programming over the output pin the device will initially start in the communication mode. In this mode the digital angle value can be read with a specific protocol format. It is a bidirectional communication possible. Parameters can be written into the device. A programming of the device is triggered by a specific command. With another command (pass2func) the device can be switched into operation mode (analog or PWM output). In case of a programmed user lock bit the AS5163 automatically starts up in the functional operation mode. No communication of the specific protocol is possible after this. Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 18 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 8.1 Hardware Setup For OTP memory access the pin OUT and the supply connection is required. Without the programmed Mem_Lock_USER OTP bit the device will start up in the communication mode and will remain into an IDLE operation mode. The pull up resistor R Communica tion is required during startup. Figure 1 shows the configuration of an AS5163. Figure 11: Programming schematic of the AS5163 8.2 Protocol timing and commands of single pin interface During the communication mode the output level is defined by the external pull up resistor R Communication . The output driver of the device is in tri-state. The bit coding (shown in Figure 12) has been chosen in order to allow the continuous synchronization during the communication, which can be required due to the tolerance of the internal clock frequency. Figure 12 shows how the different logic states '0' and '1' are defined. The period of the clock T CLK is defined with 222.2 ns. The voltage levels V H and V L are CMOS typical. Each frame is composed by 20 bits. The 4 MSB (CMD) of the frame specifies the type of command that is passed to the AS5163. 16 data bits contains the communication data. There will be no operation in case of the usage of a not specified CMD. The sequence is oriented in a way that the LSB of the data is coming first followed by the command. Depending on the command the number of frames is different. The single pin programming interface block of the AS5163 can operate in slave communication or master communication mode. In the slave communication mode the AS5163 receives the data organized in frames. The programming tool is the driver of the single communication line and can pull down the level. In case of the master communication mode the AS5163 transmits data in the frame format. The single communication line can be pulled down by the AS5163. Figure 12: Bit coding of the single pin programming interface Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 19 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Figure 13: Protocol Definition AS5X63 Command Number Communication Mode CMD of Frames 0x0 1 0x9 8 Possible Interface Description commands UNBLOCK Resets the interface SLAVE WRITE128 Writes 128 bits (user + factory settings) into the device SLAVE READ128 Read 128 bits (user + factory settings) from the device SLAVE and MASTER 0xA 9 UPLOAD Transfers the register content into the OTP memory SLAVE 0x6 1 DOWNLOAD Transfers the OTP content to the register content SLAVE 0x5 1 FUSE Command for permanent programming SLAVE 0x4 1 PASS2FUNC Change operation mode from communication to operation SLAVE 0x7 1 READ Read related to the address the user data SLAVE and MASTER 0xB 2 WRITE Write related to the address the user data SLAVE 0xC 1 (0x1) Table 14: OTP commands and communication interface modes Note: The command CMD 0x2 is reserved for AMS test purpose. When single pin programming interface bus is in high impedance state the logical level of the bus is held by the pull up resistor R Communica tion . Each communication begins by a condition of the bus level which is called START. This is done by forcing the bus in logical low level (done by the programmer or AS5163 depending on the communication mode). Afterwards the bit information of the command is transmitted as shown in Figure 14. MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB LSB Figure 14: Bus timing for the WRITE128 command Figure 15: Bus timing for the READ128 command In case of READ or READ128 command (Figure 15) the idle phase between the command and the answer is 10 TBIT (TSW). Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 20 of 33 MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB MSB LSB LSB MSB LSB AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Figure 16: Bus timing for the READ commands In case of a WRITE command, the device stays in slave communication mode and will not switch to master communication mode. When using other commands like DOWNLOAD, UPLOAD, etc. instead of READ or WRITE, it does not matter what is written in the address fields (ADDR1, ADDR2). 8.2.1 Unblock The Unblock command can be used to reset only the one-wire interface of the AS5163 in order to recover the possibility to communicate again without the need of a POR after a stacking event due to noise on the bus line or misalignment with the AS5163 protocol. The command is composed by a not idle phase of at least 6 TBIT followed by a packet with all 20 bits at zero (see picture below). Figure 17: Unblock sequence Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 21 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 8.2.2 WRITE128 Figure 18 shows the format of the frame and the command: DATA1 DATA0 MSB LSB LSB CMD MSB LSB 1 DATA3 DATA2 MSB LSB LSB DATA5 DATA6 MSB LSB DATA11 DATA10 DATA13 0 0 MSB 0 0 0 CMD 1 LSB MSB 0 MSB LSB DATA14 MSB LSB 0 CMD DATA12 MSB LSB DATA15 0 MSB LSB 1 LSB MSB 0 MSB LSB MSB LSB 0 CMD 1 LSB 0 CMD DATA8 LSB 0 MSB 0 MSB LSB 1 DATA9 0 CMD 1 LSB MSB 0 MSB LSB MSB LSB 1 CMD DATA4 MSB LSB DATA7 0 MSB LSB 1 LSB MSB 0 MSB 0 0 0 CMD MSB LSB 1 MSB 0 0 0 Figure 18: Frame organisation of the WRITE128 command The command contains 8 frames. With this command the AS5163 is only receiving frames. This command will transfer the data in the special function registers (SFRs) of the device. The data is not permanent programmed using this command. Table 15 and Table 16 describe the organization of the OTP data bits. The access is performed with CMD field set to 0x9. The next 7 frames with CMD field set to 0x1. The 2 bytes of the first command will be written at address 0 and 1 of the SFRs, the 2 bytes of the second at address 2 and 3 and so on in order to cover all the 16 bytes of the 128 SFRs. Note: It is important to complete always the command. All 8 frames are needed. In case of a wrong command or a communication error a power on reset must be performed. The device will be delivered with the programmed Mem_Lock_AMS OTP bit. This bit locks the content of the factory settings. It is impossible to overwrite this particular region. The written information will be ignored. Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 22 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 8.2.3 READ128 Figure 19 shows the format of the frame and the command: Figure 19: Frame organisation of the READ128 command Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 23 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER The command is composed by a first frame transmitted to the AS5163. The device is in slave communication mode. The device remains for the time T SW ITCH in IDLE mode before changing into the master communication mode. The AS5163 starts to send 8 frames. This command will read the SFRs. The numbering of the data bytes correlates with the address of the related SFR. An even parity bit is used to guarantee a correct data transmission. Each parity (P) is related to the frame data content of the 16 bit word. The MSB of the CMD dummy (P) is reserved for the parity information. 8.2.4 DOWNLOAD Figure 20 shows the format of the frame. DO NOT CARE DO NOT CARE MSB LSB LSB CMD MSB LSB 1 MSB 0 1 0 Figure 20: Frame Organisation of the DOWNLOAD command The command consists of one frame received by the AS5163 (slave communication mode). The OTP cell fuse content will be downloaded into the SFRs. The access is performed with CMD field set to 0x5. 8.2.5 UPLOAD Figure 21 shows the format of the frame: DO NOT CARE DO NOT CARE MSB LSB LSB CMD MSB LSB 0 MSB 1 1 0 Figure 21: Frame organisation of the UPLOAD command The command consists of one frame received by the AS5163 (slave communication mode) and transfers the data from the SFRs into the OTP fuse cells. The OTP fuses are not permanent programmed using this command. The access is performed with CMD field set to 0x6. 8.2.6 FUSE Figure 22 shows the format of the frame: DO NOT CARE LSB DO NOT CARE MSB LSB CMD MSB LSB 0 MSB 0 1 0 Figure 22: Frame organisation of the FUSE command The command consists of one frame received by the AS5163 (slave communication mode) and it is giving the trigger to permanent program the non volatile fuse elements. The access is performed with CMD field set to 0x4. Note: After this command the device starts to program automatically the build in programming procedure. It is not allowed to send other commands during this programming time. This time is specified to 4ms after the last CMD bit. Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 24 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 8.2.7 PASS2FUNC Figure 23 shows the format of the frame: DO NOT CARE DO NOT CARE MSB LSB LSB CMD MSB LSB 1 MSB 1 1 0 Figure 23: Frame organisation of the PASS2FUNC command The command consists of one frame received by the AS5163 (slave communication mode). This command stops the communication receiving mode, releases the reset of the DSP of the AS5163 device and starts to work in functional mode with the values of the SFR currently written. The access is performed with CMD field set to 0x7. 8.2.8 READ Figure 24 shows the format of the frame: Figure 24: Frame organisation of the READ command The command is composed by a first frame sent to the AS5163. The device is in slave communication mode. The device remains for the time T SW ITCH in IDLE mode before changing into the master communication mode. The AS5163 starts to send the second frame transmitted by the AS5163. The access is performed with CMD field set to 0xB. When the AS5163 has received the first frame it sends a frame with data value of the address specified in the field of the first frame. Table 17 shows the possible readable data information for the AS5163 device. An even parity bit is used to guarantee a correct data transmission. The parity bit (P) is generated by the 16 data bits. The MSB of the CMD dummy (P) is reserved for the parity information. 8.2.9 WRITE Figure 25 shows the format of the frame: DATA LSB ADDR MSB LSB CMD MSB LSB 0 MSB 0 1 1 Figure 25: Frame organisation of the WRITE command The command consists of one frame received by the AS5163 (slave communication mode). The data byte will be written to the address. The access is performed with CMD field set to 0xC. Table 17 shows the possible write data information for the AS5163 device. Note: It is not recommended to access OTP memory addresses using this command. Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 25 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 8.3 OTP Programming Data Data Byte Bit Nr. DATA15 (0x0F) Factory Settings DATA14 (0x0E) DATA13 (0x0D) DATA12 (0x0C) DATA11 (0x0B) Custom er Settings DATA10 (0x0A) DATA9 (0x09) DATA8 (0x08) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Symbol Default AMS_Test AMS_Test AMS_Test AMS_Test AMS_Test AMS_Test AMS_Test AMS_Test AMS_Test AMS_Test AMS_Test AMS_Test ChipID<0> ChipID<1> ChipID<2> ChipID<3> ChipID<4> ChipID<5> ChipID<6> ChipID<7> ChipID<8> ChipID<9> ChipID<10> ChipID<11> ChipID<12> ChipID<13> ChipID<14> ChipID<15> ChipID<16> ChipID<17> ChipID<18> ChipID<19> ChipID<20> MemLock_AMS KD<0> KD<1> KD<2> KD<3> KD<4> KD<5> ClampLow<0> ClampLow<1> ClampLow<2> ClampLow<3> ClampLow<4> ClampLow<5> ClampLow<6> DITH_DISABLE ClampHi<0> ClampHi<1> ClampHi<2> ClampHi<3> ClampHi<4> ClampHi<5> ClampHi<6> DIAG_HIGH OffsetIn<0> OffsetIn<1> OffsetIn<2> OffsetIn<3> OffsetIn<4> OffsetIn<5> OffsetIn<6> OffsetIn<7> FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Description AMS Test area Chip ID Lock of the Factory Setting Area Kick Down Threshold Clamping Level Low DAC12/DAC10 Mode Clamping Level High Diagnostic Mode, default =0 for Failure Band Low Offset Table 15: OTP Data Organisation Part 1 Note: Factory settings (FS) are used for testing and programming at AMS. These settings are locked (only read access possbile). Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 26 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER DATA7 (0x07) DATA6 (0x06) DATA5 (0x05) DATA4 (0x04) DATA3 (0x003) DATA2 (0x02) DATA1 (0x01) DATA0 (0x00) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 OffsetIn<8> OffsetIn<9> OffsetIn<10> OffsetIn<11> OffsetIn<12> OffsetIn<13> OP_Mode<0> OP_Mode<1> OffsetOut<0> OffsetOut<1> OffsetOut<2> OffsetOut<3> OffsetOut<4> OffsetOut<5> OffsetOut<6> OffsetOut<7> OffsetOut<8> OffsetOut<9> OffsetOut<10> OffsetOut<11> KDHYS<0> KDHYS<1> PWM Frequency<0> PWM Frequency<1> BP<0> BP<1> BP<2> BP<3> BP<4> BP<5> BP<6> BP<7> BP<8> BP<9> BP<10> BP<11> BP<12> BP<13> FAST_SLOW EXT_RANGE Gain<0> Gain<1> Gain<2> Gain<3> Gain<4> Gain<5> Gain<6> Gain<7> Gain<8> Gain<9> Gain<10> Gain<11> Gain<12> Gain<13> Invert_slope Lock_OTPCUST redundancy<0> redundancy<1> redundancy<2> redundancy<3> redundancy<4> redundancy<5> redundancy<6> redundancy<7> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Offset Selection of Analog="00" or PWM="01" Output Offset Kick Down Hysteresis select the PWM frequency (4 frequencies) Break Point Output Data Rate enables a wider z-Range Gain Clockwise/counterclockwise rotation Customer Memory Lock Redundancy Bits Table 16: OTP Data Organisation Part 2 Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 27 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Data Content: • Redundancy (7:0): For a better programming reliability a redundancy is implemented. In case, the programming of one bit failed this function can be used. With an address (7:0) one bit can be selected and programmed. • Lock_OTPCUST = 1, locks the customer area in the OTP and the device is starting up from now on in operating mode. • Invert_Slope = 1, inverts the output characteristic in analog output mode. • Gain (7:0): With this value one can adjust the steepness of the output slope. • EXT_RANGE = 1, provides a wider z-Range of the magnet by turning off the alarm function. • FAST_SLOW = 1, improves the noise performance due to internal filtering. • BP (13:0): The breakpoint can be set with resolution of 14 bit. • PWM Frequency (1:0): 4 different frequency settings possible. Please refer to Table 10. • KDHYS (1:0) avoids flickering at the KDOWN output (pin 11). For settings refer to Table 12. • OffsetOut (11:0) Output characteristic parameter • ANALOG_PWM = 1, selects the PWM output mode. • OffsetIn (13:0) Output characteristic parameter • DIAG_HIGH = 1: In case of an error, the signal goes into high failure-band. • ClampHI (6:0) sets the clamping level high with respect to VDD. • DITH_DISABLE disables filter at DAC • ClampLow (6:0) sets the clamping level low with respect to VDD. • KD (5:0) sets the kick-down level with respect to VDD. 8.4 Read/Write user data R/W USER DATA Area Region Address Address 0x10 16 Bit7 Bit6 0x11 17 0 0 0x12 18 OCF COF 0x17 23 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 DSP_RES R1K_10K CORDIC_OUT[7:0] CORDIC_OUT[13:8] 0 0 0 AGC_VALUE[7:0] 0 Read only Read and Write Table 17: Read/Write data Data Content: Data only for read: • CORDIC_OUT(13:0): 14 bit absolute angular position data. • OCF (Offset Compensation Finished): logic high indicates the finished Offset Compensation Algorithm. As soon as this bit is set, the AS5163 has completed the startup and the data is valid. • COF (Cordic Overflow): Logic high indicates an out of range error in the CORDIC part. When this bit is set, the CORDIC_OUT(13:0) data is invalid. The absolute output maintains the last valid angular value. This alarm may be resolved by bringing the magnet within the X-Y-Z tolerance limits. • AGC_VALUE (7:0) magnetic field indication. Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 28 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER Data for write and read: • DSP_RES resets the DSP part of the AS5163 the default value is 0. This is active low. The interface is not affected by this reset. • R1K_10K defines the threshold level for the OTP fuses. Can bit can be changed for verification purpose. A verification of the programming of the fuses is possible. The verification is mandatory after programming. 8.5 Programming Procedure • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Pull-up on out pin; VDD=5V; Wait startup time, device enters communication mode; Write128 command: the trimming bits are written in the SFR memory; Read128 command: the trimming bits are read back; Upload command: the SFR memory is transferred into the OTP RAM; Fuse command: the OTP RAM is written in the Poly Fuse cells. Wait fuse time (6 ms); Write command (R1K_10K=1): Poly Fuse cells are transferred into the RAM cells compared with 10KOhm resistor; Download command: the OTP RAM is transferred into the SFR memory; Read128 command: the fused bits are read back; Write command (R1K_10K=0): Poly Fuse cells are transferred into the RAM cells compared with 1KOhm resistor; Download command: the OTP RAM is transferred into the SFR memory; Read128 command: the fused bits are read back; Pass2Func command: go back in normal mode. For Further information please refer to Application Note AN_AS5163-10. Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 29 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 9 Choosing the Proper Magnet The AS5163 works with a variety of different magnets in size and shape. A typical magnet could be 6mm in diameter and ≥2.5mm in height. Magnetic materials such as rare earth AlNiCo/SmCo5 or NdFeB are recommended. The magnetic field strength perpendicular to the die surface has to be in the range of ±30mT…±70mT (peak). The magnet’s field strength should be verified using a gauss-meter. The magnetic field B v at a given distance, along a concentric circle with a radius of 1.1mm (R1), should be in the range of ±30mT…±70mT (see Figure 26). typ. 6mm diameter N S Magnet axis R1 Magnet axis Vertical field component N S R1 concentric circle; radius 1.1mm Vertical field component Bv (30…70mT) 0 360 36 0 Figure 26: Typical magnet (6x3mm) and magnetic field distribution Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 30 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 9.1 Physical Placement of the Magnet The best linearity can be achieved by placing the center of the magnet exactly over the defined center of the chip as shown in the drawing below: 3.2 mm 3.2 mm 1 2.5 mm Defined center Rd 2.5 mm Area of recommended maximum magnet misalignment Figure 27: Defined chip center and magnet displacement radius 9.2 Magnet Placement The magnet’s center axis should be aligned within a displacement radius R d of 0.25mm (larger magnets allow more displacement) from the defined center of the IC. The magnet may be placed below or above the device. The distance should be chosen such that the magnetic field on the die surface is within the specified limits (see Figure 27). The typical distance “z” between the magnet and the package surface is 0.5mm to 1.5mm, provided the use of the recommended magnet material and dimensions (6mm x 3mm). Larger distances are possible, as long as the required magnetic field strength stays within the defined limits. However, a magnetic field outside the specified range may still produce usable results, but the out-of-range condition will be indicated by an alarm forcing the output into the failure band. N S Package surface Die surface 0.2299±0.100 0.2341±0.100 0.7701±0.150 Figure 28: Vertical placement of the magnet Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 31 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 10 Package Drawings and Markings 14-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package TSSOP-14 Figure 29: Package Dimensions and Marking Dimensions Marking: AYWWIZZ mm A: Pb-Free Identifier inch Symbol Min Typ A Max Min Typ 1.2 Max Y: Last Digit of Manufacturing Year .047 WW: Manufacturing Week A1 0.05 0.10 0.15 .002 .004 .006 I: Plant Identifier A2 0.8 1 1.05 0.031 0.039 0.041 ZZ: Traceability Code b 0.19 0.30 0.007 D 4.9 5 5.1 0.193 0.197 0.201 E 6.2 6.4 6.6 0.244 0.252 0.260 E1 4.3 4.4 4.48 0.169 0.173 0.176 e 0.012 0.65 .0256 Table 18: Package Dimensions JEDEC Package Outline Standard: MO - 153 Thermal Resistance R th(j-a) : 89 K/W in still air, soldered on PCB IC's marked with a white dot or the 11 Ordering Information The devices are available as standard products, shown in Table 19. Model Description Delivery Form Package AS5163HTSU 12 –Bit Programmable Magnetic Rotary Encoder Tubes TSSOP 14 Table 19: Ordering Information Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 32 of 33 AS5163 12-BIT PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC ROTARY ENCODER 12 Revision History Revision Date Owner Description 1.1 04-Nov-2008 rfu, mub 1.2 23-Feb-2009 rfu 2.02 19-May-2009 rfu, mub 2.1 14-July-2009 rfu rename ALARM_DISABLE to EXT_RANGE, add Rev.History table 2.2 05-Nov-2009 rfu Update of Digital Protocol (Chapter 7) 2.3 27-Nov-2009 rfu Remove Digital Protocol (Chapter 7) 2.4 10-Dec-2009 rfu Update of Benefits First draft Timing in communication-protocol, corrections of OTP-table, new structure of chapters Draft for ES2 + Errata Sheet Contact Headquarters austriamicrosystems AG A 8141 Schloss Premstätten, Austria Phone: +43 3136 500 0 Fax: +43 3136 525 01 www.austriamicrosystems.com Copyrights Copyright © 1997-2009, austriamicrosystems AG, Schloss Premstaetten, 8141 Unterpremstaetten, Austria-Europe. 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No obligation or liability to recipient or any third party shall arise or flow out of austriamicrosystems AG rendering of technical or other services. Revision 2.4 www.austriamicrosystems.com/AS5163 Page 33 of 33