ETC CH7003B-T

CH7003B
CHRONTEL
Digital PC to TV Encoder
Features
General Description
• Input data path handles 8, 12, or 16-bit words in
multiplexed or non-multiplexed form
Chrontel’s CH7003 digital PC to TV encoder is a standalone integrated circuit which provides a PC 99 compliant
solution for TV output. It provides a universal digital input
port to accept a pixel data stream from a compatible VGA
controller (or equivalent) and converts this directly into
NTSC or PAL TV format, with simultaneous composite
and S-Video outputs.
This circuit integrates a digital NTSC/PAL encoder with 9bit DAC interface, and new adaptive flicker filter, and high
accuracy low-jitter phase locked loop to create outstanding
quality video. Through its TrueScaleTM scaling and deflickering engine, the CH7003 supports full vertical and
horizontal underscan capability and operates in 5 different
resolutions including 640x480 and 800x600.
A new universal digital interface along with full
programmability make the CH7003 ideal for system-level
PC solutions. All features are software programmable
through a standard I2C port, to enable a complete PC
solution using a TV as the primary display.
• Decodes pixel data in YCrCb (CCIR601 or 656) or
RGB (15, 16 or 24-bit) formats
• Supports 640x480, 640x400, 720x400, 800x600 and
512x384 input resolutions
• Adjustable underscan for most modes† ¥
• High quality 4-line flicker filtering †
• High resolution on-chip PLL
• Fully programmable through I2C port
• Supports NTSC, NTSC-EIA (Japan), and PAL (B, D,
G, H, I, M and N) TV formats
• Provides Composite, S-Video and SCART outputs
• CCIR624-3 compliant (see exceptions)
• Auto-detection of TV presence
• Sub-carrier genlock and dot crawl control
• Programmable power management
• 9-bit video DAC outputs
• Complete Windows and DOS driver software
• Offered in a 44-pin PLCC, 44-pin TQFP
† Patent number 5,781,241
¥ Patent number 5,914,753
LINE
MEMORY
YUV-RGB CONVERTER
RGB-YUV
CONVERTER
TRUE SCALE
SCALING & DEFLICKERING
ENGINE
DIGITAL
D[15:0 ]
PIXEL DATA
INPUT
INTERFACE
Y/R
NTSC/PAL
TRIPLE
ENCODER
& FILTERS
DAC
C/G
CVBS/G
RSET
SYSTEM CLOCK
I 2C REGISTER & CONTROL
BLOCK
PLL
SC
XCLK
SD
ADDR
TIMING & SYNC GENERATOR
H
V
XI XO/FIN CSYNC P-OUT BCO
Figure 1: Functional Block Diagram
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
1
D[2]
D[1]
D[0]
V
H
XCLK
DVDD
P-OUT
DGND
BCO
AGND
5
4
3
2
1
44
43
42
41
40
CH7003B
6
CHRONTEL
D[3]
7
39
XO/FIN
D[4]
8
38
XI
D[5]
9
37
AVDD
D[6]
10
36
DVDD
DVDD
11
35
ADDR
D[7]
12
34
DGND
D[8]
13
33
SC
DGND]
14
32
SD
D[9]
15
31
VDD
D[10]
16
30
RSET
D[11]
17
29
GND
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
DVDD
CSYNC
DGND
GND
CVBS
C
Y
20
D[14]
21
19
D[13]
D[15]
18
D[12]
CHRONTEL
CH7003
Figure 2: 44-pin PLCC
2
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
D[2]
D[1]
D[0]
V
H
XCLK
DVDD
P-OUT
DGND
BCO
AGND
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
Figure 3: 44-pin TQFP
D[3]
1
33
XO/FIN
D[4]
2
32
XI
D[5]
3
31
AVDD
D[6]
4
30
DVDD
DVDD
5
29
ADDR
D[7]
6
28
DGND
D[8]
7
27
SC
DGND]
8
26
SD
D[9]
9
25
VDD
D[10]
10
24
RSET
D[11]
11
23
GND
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
D[12]
D[13]
D[14]
D[15]
DVDD
CSYNC
DGND
GND
CVBS
C
Y
CHRONTEL
CH7003
Figure 3: 44-PIN TQFP
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
3
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Table 1. Pin Description
4
44-Pin
PLLC
44-Pin
TQFP
Type
Symbol
Description
21-15,
13-12,
10-4
15,14,
13,12,
11,10,
9,7,6,4,
3,2,
1,44,43,
42
In
D15-D0
Digital Pixel Inputs
These pins accept digital pixel data streams with either 8, 12, or 16-bit
multiplexed or 16-bit non-multiplexed formats, determined by the input
mode setting (see Registers and Programming section). Inputs D0 - D7 are
used when operating in 8-bit multiplexed mode. Inputs D0 - D11 are used
when operating in 12-bit mode. Inputs D0 - D15 are used when operating
in 16-bit mode. The data structure and timing sequence for each mode is
described in the section on Digital Video Interface.
43
37
Out
P-OUT
Pixel Clock Output
The CH7003, operating in master mode, provides a pixel data clocking
signal to the VGA controller. This pin provides the pixel clock output signal
(adjustable as 1X, 2X or 3X) to the VGA controller (see the section on
Digital Video Interface and Registers and Programming for more details).
The capacitive loading on this pin should be kept to a minimum.
1
39
In
XCLK
Pixel Clock Input
To operate in a pure master mode, the P-OUT signal should be connected
to the XCLK input pin. To operate in a pseudo-master mode, the P-OUT
clock is used as a reference frequency, and a signal locked to this output (at
1X, 1/2X, or 1/3X the P-OUT frequency) is input to the XCLK pin. To operate
in slave mode, the CH7003 accepts an external pixel clock input at this pin.
The capacitive loading on this pin should be kept to a minimum.
3
41
In/Out
V
Vertical Sync Input/Output
This pin accepts the vertical sync signal from the VGA controller, or outputs
a vertical sync to the VGA controller. The capacitive loading on this pin
should kept to a minimum.
2
40
In/Out
H
Horizontal Sync Input/Output
This pin accepts the horizontal sync from the VGA controller, or outputs a
horizontal sync to the VGA controller. The capacitive loading on this pin
should be kept to a minimum.
41
35
Out
BCO
Buffered Clock Output
This pin provides a buffered output of the 14.31818 MHz crystal input
frequency for other devices and remains active at all times (including
power-down). The output can also be selected to be other frequencies (see
Registers and Programming).
38
32
In
XI
Crystal Input
A parallel resonance 14.31818 MHz (± 50 ppm) crystal should be attached
between XI and XO/FIN. However, if an external CMOS clock is attached to
XO/FIN, XI should be connected to ground.
39
33
In
XO/FIN
Crystal Output or External Fref
A 14.31818 MHz (± 50 ppm) crystal may be attached between XO/FIN and
XI. An external CMOS compatible clock can be connected to XO/FIN as an
alternative.
30
24
In
RSET
28
22
Out
Y/R
Luminance Output
A 75 Ω termination resistor with short traces should be attached between Y
and ground for optimum performance. In normal operating modes other
than SCART, this pin outputs the luma video signal. In SCART mode, this
pin outputs the red signal.
27
21
Out
C/G
Chrominance Output
A 75 Ω termination resistor with short traces should be attached between C
and ground for optimum performance. In normal operating modes other
than SCART, this pin outputs the chroma video signal. In SCART mode,
this pin outputs the green signal.
Reference Resistor
A 360 Ω resistor with short and wide traces should be attached between
RSET and ground. No other connections should be made to this pin.
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Table 1. Pin Description (continued)
44-Pin
PLLC
44-Pin
TQFP
Type
Symbol
Description
26
20
Out
CVBS/B
Composite Video Output
A 75 Ω termination resistor with short traces should be attached between
CVBS and ground for optimum performance. In normal operating modes
other than SCART, this pin outputs the composite video signal. In SCART
mode, this pin outputs the blue signal.
23
17
Out
CSYNC
Composite Sync Output
A 75 Ω termination resistor with short traces should be attached between
CSYNC and ground for optimum performance. In SCART mode, this pin
outputs the composite sync signal.
32
26
In/Out
SD
Serial Data (External pull-up required)
This pin functins as SD, the serial data pin of the I2C interface port (see the
I 2C Port Operation section for details).
33
27
In
SC
Serial Clock (Internal pull-up)
This pin functions as the serial clock pin of the I 2C interface port (see the
I 2C Port Operation section for details).
35
29
In
ADDR
40
34
Power
AGND
Analog ground
These pins provide the ground reference for the analog section of CH7003,
and MUST be connected to the system ground, to prevent latchup.
37
31
Power
AVDD
Analog Supply Voltage
These pins supply the 5V power to the analog section of the CH7003.
31
25
Power
VDD
DAC Power Supply
These pins supply the 5V power to CH7003’s internal DACs.
29, 25
19,23
Power
GND
DAC Ground
These pins provide the ground reference for CH7003’s internal DACs.
44, 36,
22, 11
5,16,
30,38
Power
DVDD
Digital Supply Voltage
These pins supply the 3.3V power to the digital section of CH7003.
42, 34,
24, 14
8, 18,
28, 36
Power
DGND
Digital Ground
These pins provide the ground reference for the digital section of CH7003,
and MUST be connected to the system ground to prevent latchup.
N/A
N/A
Out
R
R (Red) Component Output
This pin provides the analog Red component of the digital RGB input in the
RGB Pass-Through mode.
N/A
N/A
Out
G
G (Green) Component Output
This pin provides the analog Green component of the digital RGB input in
the RGB Pass-Through mode.
N/A
N/A
Out
B
B (Blue) Component Output
This pin provides the analog Blue component of the digital RGB input in the
RGB Pass-Though mode.
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
I2C Address Select (Internal pull-up)
This pin is the I2C Address Select, which corresponds to bits 1 and 0 of the
I2C device address (see the I 2C Port Operation section for details), creating
an address selection as follows:
ADDR
I2C Address Selected
1
1110101 = 75H = 117
0
1110110 = 76H = 118
5
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Digital Video Interface
The CH7003 digital video interface provides a flexible digital interface between a computer graphics controller and
the TV encoder IC, forming the ideal quality/cost configuration for performing the TV-output function. This digital
interface consists of up to 16 data signals and 4 control signals, all of which are subject to programmable control
through the CH7003 register set. This interface can be configured as 8, 12 or 16-bit inputs operating in either
multiplexed mode or 16-bit input operation in de-multiplexed mode. It will also accept either YCrCb or RGB (15,
16 or 24-bit) data formats. A summary of the data format modes is as follows:
Table 2. Input Data Formats
Bus Width
Transfer Mode
Color Space and Depth
Format Reference
16-bit
Non-multiplexed
RGB 16-bit
5-6-5 each word
15-bit
Non-multiplexed
RGB 15-bit
5-5-5 each word
16-bit
Non-multiplexed
YCrCb (24-bit)
CbY0,CrY1...(CCIR656 style)
8-bit
2X-multiplexed
RGB 15-bit
5-5-5 over two bytes
8-bit
2X-multiplexed
RGB 16-bit
5-6-5 over two bytes
8-bit
3X-multiplexed
RGB 24-bit
8-8-8 over three bytes
8-bit
2X-multiplexed
YCrCb (24-bit)
Cb,Y0,Cr,Y1,(CCIR656 style)
12-bit
2X-multiplexed
RGB 24
8-8-8 over two words - ‘C’ version
12-bit
2X-multiplexed
RGB 24
8-8-8 over two words - ‘I’ version
16-bit
2X-multiplexed
RGB 24 (32)
8-8,8X over two words
The clock and timing signals used to latch and process the incoming pixel data is dependent upon the clock mode.
The CH7003 can operate in either master (the CH7003 generates a pixel frequency which is either returned as a
phase-aligned pixel clock or used directly to latch data), or slave mode (the graphics chip generates the pixel clock).
The pixel clock frequency will change depending upon the active image size (e.g., 640x480 or 800x600), the desired
ouput format (NTSC or PAL), and the amount of scaling desired. The pixel clock may be requested to be 1X, 2X or
3X the pixel data rate (subject to a 100 MHz frequency limitation). In the case of a 1X pixel clock the CH7003 will
automatically use both clock edges if a multiplexed data format is selected.
Sync Signals: Horizontal and vertical sync signals will normally be supplied by the VGA controller, but may be
selected to be generated by the CH7003. In the case of CCIR656 style input, embedded sync may also be used. In
each case, the horizontal timing signal (horizontal sync) must be derived from the pixel clock, with the period set to
exactly 8 times (9 times for 720x400 modes) the pixel clock period, times an integer value. Each line to be set, is set
up by the leading edge of Horizontal sync. The vertical timing signal must be able to be set to any integer number of
lines between 420 and 836.
Master Clock Mode: The CH7003 generates a clock signal (output at the P-OUT pin) which will be used by the
VGA controller as a frequency reference. The VGA controller will then generate a clock signal which will be input
via the XCLK input. This incoming signal will be used to latch (and de-multiplex, if required) incoming data. The
XCLK input clock rate must match the input data rate, and the P-OUT clock can be requested to be 1X, 2X or 3X
the pixel data rate. As an alternative, the P-OUT clock signal can also be used as the input clock signal (connected
directly to the XCLK input) to latch the incoming data. If this mode is used, the incoming data must meet setup and
hold times with respect to the XCLK input (with the only internal adjustment being XCLK polarity).
Slave Clock Mode: The VGA controller will generate a clock which will be input to the XCLK pin (no clock
signal will be output on the P-OUT pin). This signal must match the input data rate, must occur at 1X, 2X or 3X the
pixel data rate, and will be used to latch (and de-multiplex if required) incoming data. Also, the graphics IC
transmits back to the TV encoder the horizontal and vertical timing signals, and pixel data, each of which must meet
the specified setup and hold times with respect to the pixel clock.
Pixel Data: Active pixel data will be expected after a programmable number pixels times the multiplex rate after
the leading edge of Horizontal Sync. In other words, specifying the horizontal back porch value (as a pixel count),
plus horizontal sync width, will determine when the chip will begin to sample pixels.
6
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Digital Video Interface (continued)
Non-multiplexed Mode
In the 15/16-bit mode shown in Figure 4, the pixel data bus represents a 15/16-bit non-multiplexed data stream,
which contains either RGB or YCrCb formatted data. When operating in RGB mode, each 15/16-bit Pn value will
contain a complete pixel encoded in either 5-6-5 or 5-5-5 format. When operating in YCrCb mode, each 16-bit Pn
word will contain an 8-bit Y (luminance) value on the upper 8 bits, and an 8-bit C (color difference) value on the
lower 8 bits. The color difference will be transmitted at half the data rate of the luminance data, with the sequence
being set as Cb followed by Cr. The Cb and Cr data will be co-sited with the Y value transmitted with the Cb value,
with the data sequence described in Table 3. The first active pixel is SAV pixels after the leading edge of horizontal
sync, where SAV is a bus-controlled register.
tHSW
HSYNC
ttPP1
tHD
tPH
PH 1
POut/
XCLK
ttSP1
AVR
SAV
SP
Pixel
Data
P0a
P0
P0b
P1
tHP
tHP1
P1a
P2
P1b
P3
P2a
P4
P2b
P5
Figure 4: Non-multiplexed Data Transfers
Table 3. 15/16-bit Non-multiplexed Data Formats
IDF#
Format
Pixel#
Bus Data
0
RGB 5-6-5
D[15]
D[14]
D[13]
D[12]
D[11]
D[10]
D[9]
D[8]
D[7]
D[6]
D[5]
D[4]
D[3]
D[2]
D[1]
D[0]
P0
R0[4]
R0[3]
R0[2]
R0[1]
R0[0]
G0[5]
G0[4]
G0[3]
G0[2]
G0[1]
G0[0]
B0[4]
B0[3]
B0[2]
B0[1]
B0[0]
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
P1
R1[4]
R1[3]
R1[2]
R1[1]
R1[0]
G1[5]
G1[4]
G1[3]
G1[2]
G1[1]
G1[0]
B1[4]
B1[3]
B1[2]
B1[1]
B1[0]
3
RGB 5-5-5
P0
x
R2[4]
R2[3]
R2[2]
R2[1]
R2[0]
G2[4]
G2[3]
G2[2]
G2[1]
G2[0]
B2[4]
B2[3]
B2[2]
B2[1]
B2[0]
P1
x
R3[4]
R3[3]
R3[2]
R3[1]
R3[0]
G3[4]
G3[3]
G3[2]
G3[1]
G3[0]
B3[4]
B3[3]
B3[2]
B3[1]
B3[0]
1
YCrCb (16-bit)
P0
Y0[7]
Y0[6]
Y0[5]
Y0[4]
Y0[3]
Y0[2]
Y0[1]
Y0[0]
Cb0[7]
Cb0[6]
Cb0[5]
Cb0[4]
Cb0[3]
Cb0[2]
Cb0[1]
Cb0[0]
P1
Y1[7]
Y1[6]
Y1[5]
Y1[4]
Y1[3]
Y1[2]
Y1[1]
Y1[0]
Cr0[7]
Cr0[6]
Cr0[5]
Cr0[4]
Cr0[3]
Cr0[2]
Cr0[1]
Cr0[0]
P2
Y2[7]
Y2[6]
Y2[5]
Y2[4]
Y2[3]
Y2[2]
Y2[1]
Y2[0]
Cb2[7]
Cb2[6]
Cb2[5]
Cb2[4]
Cb2[3]
Cb2[2]
Cb2[1]
Cb2[0]
P3
Y3[7]
Y3[6]
Y3[5]
Y3[4]
Y3[3]
Y3[2]
Y3[1]
Y3[0]
Cr2[7]
Cr2[6]
Cr2[5]
Cr2[4]
Cr2[3]
Cr2[2]
Cr2[1]
Cr2[0]
7
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Digital Video Interface (continued)
When IDF = 1, (YCrCb 16-bit mode), H and V sync signals can be embedded into the data stream. In this mode, the
embedded sync will be similar to the CCIR656 convention (not identical, since that convention is for 8-bit data
streams), and the first byte of the ‘video timing reference code’ will be assumed to occur when a Cb sample would
occur – if the video stream was continuous. This is delineated in Table 4 below.
Table 4. YCrCb Non-multiplexed Mode with Embedded Syncs
IDF#
Format
Pixel#
Bus Data
1
YCrCb 16-bit
D[15]
D[14]
D[13]
D[12]
D[11]
D[10]
D[9]
D[8]
D[7]
D[6]
D[5]
D[4]
D[3]
D[2]
D[1]
D[0]
P0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
P1
S[7]
S[6]
S[5]
S[4]
S[3]
S[2]
S[1]
S[0]
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P2
Y0[7]
Y0[6]
Y0[5]
Y0[4]
Y0[3]
Y0[2]
Y0[1]
Y0[0]
Cb0[7]
Cb0[6]
Cb0[5]
Cb0[4]
Cb0[3]
Cb0[2]
Cb0[1]
Cb0[0]
P3
Y1[7]
Y1[6]
Y1[5]
Y1[4]
Y1[3]
Y1[2]
Y1[1]
Y1[0]
Cr0[7]
Cr0[6]
Cr0[5]
Cr0[4]
Cr0[3]
Cr0[2]
Cr0[1]
Cr0[0]
P4
Y2[7]
Y2[6]
Y2[5]
Y2[4]
Y2[3]
Y2[2]
Y2[1]
Y2[0]
Cb2[7]
Cb2[6]
Cb2[5]
Cb2[4]
Cb2[3]
Cb2[2]
Cb2[1]
Cb2[0]
P5
Y3[7]
Y3[6]
Y3[5]
Y3[4]
Y3[3]
Y3[2]
Y3[1]
Y3[0]
Cr2[7]
Cr2[6]
Cr2[5]
Cr2[4]
Cr2[3]
Cr2[2]
Cr2[1]
Cr2[0]
P6
Y4[7]
Y4[6]
Y4[5]
Y4[4]
Y4[3]
Y4[2]
Y4[1]
Y4[0]
Cb4[7]
Cb4[6]
Cb4[5]
Cb4[4]
Cb4[3]
Cb4[2]
Cb4[1]
Cb4[0]
P7
Y5[7]
Y5[6]
Y5[5]
Y5[4]
Y5[3]
Y5[2]
Y5[1]
Y5[0]
Cr4[7]
Cr4[6]
Cr4[5]
Cr4[4]
Cr4[3]
Cr4[2]
Cr4[1]
Cr4[0]
In this mode, the S[7..0] byte contains the following data:
S[6]
S[5]
S[4]
=
=
=
F
V
H
=
=
=
1 during field 2, 0 during field 1
1 during field blanking, 0 elsewhere
1 during EAV (the synchronization reference at the end of active video)
0 during SAV (the synchronization reference at the start of active video)
Bits S[7] and S[3..0] are ignored.
Multiplexed Mode
Each rising edge (or each rising and falling edge) of the XCLK signal will latch data from the graphics chip. The
multiplexed input data formats are shown in Figure 5 and 6. The Pixel Data bus represents an 8-, 12-, or 16-bit
multiplexed data stream, which contains either RGB or YCrCb formatted data. In IDF settings of 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9,
the input data rate is 2X PCLK, and each pair of Pn values (e.g., P0a and P0b) will contain a complete pixel,
encoded as shown in the tables below. When IDF = 6, the input data rate is 3X PCLK, and each triplet of Pn values
(e.g., P0a, P0b and P0c) will contain a complete pixel, encoded as shown in the tables below. When the input is
YCrCb, the color-difference data will be transmitted at half the data rate of the luminance data, with the sequence
being set as Cb, Y, Cr, Y where Cb0,Y0,Cr0 refers to co-sited luminance and color-difference samples — and the
following Y1 byte refers to the next luminance sample, per CCIR656 standards. However, the clock frequency is
dependent upon the current mode (not 27MHz, as specified in CCIR656.)
8
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Digital Video Interface (continued)
tHSW
HS
tP2
tHD
tPH2
XCLK
DEC = 0
tSP2
tHP2
XCLK
DEC = 1
tSP2
D[15:0]
P0a
P0b
P1a
tHP2
P1b
tSP2
tHP2
P2a
P2b
Figure 5: Multiplexed Pixel Data Transfer Mode
Table 5. RGB 8-bit Multiplexed Mode
IDF#
Format
Pixel#
Bus Data
7
RGB 5-6-5
D[7]
D[6]
D[5]
D[4]
D[3]
D[2]
D[1]
D[0]
P0a
G0[2]
G0[1]
G0[0]
B0[4]
B0[3]
B0[2]
B0[1]
B0[0]
P0b
R0[4]
R0[3]
R0[2]
R0[1]
R0[0]
G0[5]
G0[4]
G0[3]
P1a
G1[2]
G1[1]
G1[0]
B1[4]
B1[3]
B1[2]
B1[1]
B1[0]
8
RGB 5-5-5
P1b
R1[4]
R1[3]
R1[2]
R1[1]
R1[0]
G1[5]
G1[4]
G1[3]
P0a
G0[2]
G0[1]
G0[0]
B0[4]
B0[3]
B0[2]
B0[1]
B0[0]
P0b
x
R0[4]
R0[3]
R0[2]
R0[1]
R0[0]
G0[4]
G0[3]
P1a
G1[2]
G1[1]
G1[0]
B1[4]
B1[3]
B1[2]
B1[1]
B1[0]
P1b
x
R1[4]
R1[3]
R1[2]
R1[1]
R1[0]
G1[4]
G1[3]
Table 6. RGB 12-bit Multiplexed Mode
IDF#
Format
Pixel#
Bus Data
4
12-bit RGB (12-12)
D[11]
D[10]
D[9]
D[8]
D[7]
D[6]
D[5]
D[4]
D[3]
D[2]
D[1]
D[0]
P0a
G0[3]
G0[2]
G0[1]
G0[0]
B0[7]
B0[6]
B0[5]
B0[4]
B0[3]
B0[2]
B0[1]
B0[0]
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
P0b
R0[7]
R0[6]
R0[5]
R0[4]
R0[3]
R0[2]
R0[1]
R0[0]
G0[7]
G0[6]
G0[5]
G0[4]
P1a
G1[3]
G1[2]
G1[1]
G1[0]
B1[7]
B1[6]
B1[5]
B1[4]
B1[3]
B1[2]
B1[1]
B1[0]
5
12-bit RGB (12-12)
P1b
R1[7]
R1[6]
R1[5]
R1[4]
R1[3]
R1[2]
R1[1]
R1[0]
G1[7]
G1[6]
G1[5]
G1[4]
P0a
G0[4]
G0[3]
G0[2]
B0[7]
B0[6]
B0[5]
B0[4]
B0[3]
G0[0]
B0[2]
B0[1]
B0[0]
P0b
R0[7]
R0[6]
R0[5]
R0[4]
R0[3]
G0[7]
G0[6]
G0[5]
R0[2]
R0[1]
R0[0]
G0[1]
P1a
G1[4]
G1[3]
G1[2]
B1[7]
B1[6]
B1[7]
B1[4]
B1[3]
G1[0]
B1[2]
B1[1]
B1[0]
P1b
R1[7]
R1[6]
R1[5]
R1[4]
R1[3]
G1[7]
G1[6]
G1[5]
R1[2]
R1[1]
R1[0]
G1[1]
9
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Digital Video Interface (continued)
Table 7. RGB 16-bit Muliplexed Mode
IDF#
Format
Pixel#
Bus Data
2
16-bit RGB (16-8)
D[15]
D[14]
D[13]
D[12]
D[11]
D[10]
D[9]
D[8]
D[7]
D[6]
D[5]
D[4]
D[3]
D[2]
D[1]
D[0]
P0a
G0[7]
G0[6]
G0[5]
G0[4]
G0[3]
G0[2]
G0[1]
G0[0]
B0[7]
B0[6]
B0[5]
B0[4]
B0[3]
B0[2]
B0[1]
B0[0]
P0b
A0[7]
A0[6]
A0[5]
A0[4]
A0[3]
A0[2]
A0[1]
A0[0]
R0[7]
R0[6]
R0[5]
R0[4]
R0[3]
R0[2]
R0[1]
R0[0]
P1a
G1[7]
G1[6]
G1[5]
G1[4]
G1[3]
G1[2]
G1[1]
G1[0]
B1[7]
B1[6]
B1[5]
B1[4]
B1[3]
B1[2]
B0[1]
B0[0]
P1b
A1[7]
A1[6]
A1[5]
A1[4]
A1[3]
A1[2]
A1[1]
A1[0]
R1[7]
R1[6]
R1[5]
R1[4]
R1[3]
R1[2]
R1[1]
R1[0]
Note: The AX[7:0] data is ignored.
Table 8. YCrCb Multiplexed Mode
IDF#
Format
Pixel#
Bus Data
9
YCrCb 8-bit
D[7]
D[6]
D[5]
D[4]
D[3]
D[2]
D[1]
D[0]
P0a
Cb0[7]
Cb0[6]
Cb0[5]
Cb0[4]
Cb0[3]
Cb0[2]
Cb0[1]
Cb0[0]
P0b
Y0[7]
Y0[6]
Y0[5]
Y0[4]
Y0[3]
Y0[2]
Y0[1]
Y0[0]
P1a
Cr0[7]
Cr0[6]
Cr0[5]
Cr0[4]
Cr0[3]
Cr0[2]
Cr0[1]
Cr0[0]
P1b
Y1[7]
Y1[6]
Y1[5]
Y1[4]
Y1[3]
Y1[2]
Y1[1]
Y1[0]
P2a
Cb2[7]
Cb2[6]
Cb2[5]
Cb2[4]
Cb2[3]
Cb2[2]
Cb2[1]
Cb2[0]
P2b
Y2[7]
Y2[6]
Y2[5]
Y2[4]
Y2[3]
Y2[2]
Y2[1]
Y2[0]
P3a
Cr2[7]
Cr2[6]
Cr2[5]
Cr2[4]
Cr2[3]
Cr2[2]
Cr2[1]
Cr2[0]
P3b
Y3[7]
Y3[6]
Y3[5]
Y3[4]
Y3[3]
Y3[2]
Y3[1]
Y3[0]
When IDF = 9 (YCrCb 8-bit mode), H and V sync signals can be embedded into the data stream. In this mode, the
embedded sync will follow the CCIR656 convention, and the first byte of the “video timing reference code” will be
assumed to occur when a Cb sample would occur if the video stream was continuous. This is delineated in Table 9.
10
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Digital Video Interface (continued)
Table 9. YCrCb Multiplexed Mode with Embedded Syncs
IDF#
Format
Pixel#
Bus Data
9
YCrCb 8-bit
P0a
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
D[7]
D[6]
D[5]
D[4]
D[3]
D[2]
D[1]
D[0]
P0b
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P1a
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P1b
S[7]
S[6]
S[5]
S[4]
S[3]
S[2]
S[1]
S[0]
P2a
Cb2[7]
Cb2[6]
Cb2[5]
Cb2[4]
Cb2[3]
Cb2[2]
Cb2[1]
Cb2[0]
P2b
Y2[7]
Y2[6]
Y2[5]
Y2[4]
Y2[3]
Y2[2]
Y2[1]
Y2[0]
P3a
Cr2[7]
Cr2[6]
Cr2[5]
Cr2[4]
Cr2[3]
Cr2[2]
Cr2[1]
Cr2[0]
P3b
Y3[7]
Y3[6]
Y3[5]
Y3[4]
Y3[3]
Y3[2]
Y3[1]
Y3[0]
In this mode, the S[7..0] byte contains the following data:
S[6]
S[5]
S[4]
=
=
=
F
V
H
=
=
=
1 during field 2, 0 during field 1
1 during field blanking, 0 elsewhere
1 during EAV (the synchronization reference at the end of active video)
0 during SAV (the synchronization reference at the start of active video)
Bits S[7] and S[3..0] are ignored.
tHSW
HSYNC
tP3
tHD
tPH3
POut/
XCLK
tSP3
Pixel
D[7:0]
Data
P0a
tHP3
P0b
P0c
P1a
P1b
P1c
Figure 6: Multiplexed Pixel Data Transfer Mode (IDF = 6)
Table 10. RGB 8-bit Multiplexed Mode (24-bit Color)
IDF#
Format
Pixel#
Bus Data
6
RGB 8-bit
D[7]
D[6]
D[5]
D[4]
D[3]
D[2]
D[1]
D[0]
P0a
B0[7]
B0[6]
B0[5]
B0[4]
B0[3]
B0[2]
B0[1]
B0[0]
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
P0b
G0[7]
G0[6]
G0[5]
G0[4]
G0[3]
G0[2]
G0[1]
G0[0]
P0c
R0[7]
R0[6]
R0[5]
R0[4]
R0[3]
R0[2]
R0[1]
R0[0]
P1a
B1[7]
B1[6]
B1[5]
B1[4]
B1[3]
B1[2]
B1[1]
B1[0]
P1b
G1[7]
G1[6]
G1[5]
G1[4]
G1[3]
G1[2]
G1[1]
G1[0]
P1c
R1[7]
R1[6]
R1[5]
R1[4]
R1[3]
R1[2]
R1[1]
R1[0]
P2a
B2[7]
B2[6]
B2[5]
B2[4]
B2[3]
B2[2]
B2[1]
B2[0]
P2b
G2[7]
G2[6]
G2[5]
G2[4]
G2[3]
G2[2]
G2[1]
G2[0]
P2C
R2[7]
R2[6]
R2[5]
R2[4]
R2[3]
R2[2]
R2[1]
R2[0]
11
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Functional Description
The CH7003 is a TV-output companion chip to graphics controllers providing digital output in either YUV or RGB
format. This solution involves both hardware and software elements which work together to produce an optimum
TV screen image based on the original computer generated pixel data. All essential circuitry for this conversion are
integrated on-chip. On-chip circuitry includes memory, memory control, scaling, PLL, DAC, filters, and
NTSC/PAL encoder. All internal signal processing, including NTSC/PAL encoding, is performed using digital
techniques to ensure that the high-quality video signals are not affected by drift issues associated with analog
components. No additional adjustment is required during manufacturing.
CH7003 is ideal for PC motherboards, web browsers, or VGA add-in boards where a minimum of discrete support
components (passive components, parallel resonance 14.31818 MHz crystal) are required for full operation.
Architectural Overview
The CH7003 is a complete TV output subsystem which uses both hardware and software elements to produce an
image on TV which is virtually identical to the image that would be displayed on a monitor. Simply creating a
compatible TV output from a VGA input involves a relatively straightforward process. This process includes a
standard conversion from RGB to YUV color space, converting from a non-interlaced to an interlaced frame
sequence, and encoding the pixel stream into NTSC or PAL compliant format. However, creating an optimum
computer-generated image on a TV screen involves a highly sophisticated process of scaling, deflickering, and
filtering. This results in a compatible TV output that displays a sharp and subtle image, of the right size, with
minimal artifacts from the conversion process.
As a key part of the overall system solution, the CH7003 software establishes the correct framework for the VGA
input signal to enable this process. Once the display is set to a supported resolution (either 640x480 or 800x600),
the CH7003 software may be invoked to establish the appropriate TV output display. The software then programs
the various timing parameters of the VGA controller to create an output signal that will be compatible with the
chosen resolution, operating mode, and TV format. Adjustments performed in software include pixel clock rates,
total pixels per line, and total lines per frame. By performing these adjustments in software, the CH7003 can render
a superior TV image without the added cost of a full frame buffer memory – normally used to implement features
such as scaling and full synchronization.
The CH7003 hardware accepts digital RGB or YCrCb inputs, which are latched in synchronization with the pixel
clock. These inputs are then color-space converted into YUV in 4-2-2 format and stored in a line buffer memory.
The stored pixels are fed into a block where scan-rate conversion, underscan scaling and 2-line, 3-line, 4-line and 5line vertical flicker filtering are performed. The scan-rate converter transforms the VGA horizontal scan-rate to
either NTSC or PAL scan rates; the vertical flicker filter eliminates flicker at the output while the underscan scaling
reduces the size of the displayed image to fit onto a TV screen. The resulting YUV signals are filtered through
digital filters to minimize aliasing problems. The digital encoder receives the filtered signals and transforms them to
composite and S-Video outputs, which are converted by the three 9-bit DACs into analog outputs.
Color Burst Generation*
The CH7003 allows the sub-carrier frequency to be accurately generated from a 14.31818 MHz crystal oscillator,
leaving the sub-carrier frequency independent of the sampling rate. As a result, the CH7003 may be used with any
VGA chip (with an approprate digital interface) since the CH7003 sub-carrier frequency can be generated without
being dependent on the precise pixel rates of VGA controllers. This feature is a significant benefit, since even a
± 0.01% sub-carrier frequency variation may be enough to cause some television monitors to lose color lock.
In addition, the CH7003 has the capability to genlock the color burst signal to the VGA horizontal sync frequency,
which enables a fully synchronous system between the graphics controller and the television. When genlocked, the
CH7003 can also stop "dot crawl" motion (for composite mode operation, in NTSC modes) to eliminate the
annoyance of moving borders. Both of these features are under programmable control through the register set.
Display Modes
The CH7003 display mode is controlled by three independent factors: input resolution, TV format, and scale factor,
which are programmed via the display mode register. It is designed to accept input resolutions of 640x480,
800x600, 640x400 (including 320x200 scan-doubled output), 720x400, and 512x384. It is designed to support
12
*Patent number 5,874,846
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Display Modes (continued)
output to either NTSC or PAL television formats. The CH7003 provides interpolated scaling with selectable factors
of 5:4, 1:1, 7:8, 5:6, 3:4 and 7:10 in order to support adjustable overscan or underscan operation when displayed on
a TV. This combination of factors results in a matrix of useful operating modes which are listed in detail in
Table 11.
Table 11. CH7003 Display Modes
Input
(active)
Resolution
Scale
Factor
Active
TV Lines
Percent (1)
Overscan
Pixel
Clock
Horizontal
Total
NTSC
NTSC
NTSC
NTSC
NTSC
NTSC
NTSC
NTSC
NTSC
NTSC
NTSC
NTSC
NTSC
640x480
640x480
640x480
800x600
800x600
800x600
640x400
640x400
640x400
720x400
720x400
512x384
512x384
1:1
7:8
5:6
5:6
3:4
7:10
5:4
1:1
7:8
5:4
1:1
5:4
1:1
480
420
400
500
450
420
500
400
350
500
400
480
384
10%
(3%)
(8%)
16%
4%
(3%)
16%
(8%)
(19%)
16%
(8%)
10%
(11%)
24.671
28.196
30.210
39.273
43.636
47.832
21.147
26.434
30.210
23.790
29.455
20.140
24.671
784
784
800
1040
1040
1064
840
840
840
945
936
800
784
525
600
630
630
700
750
420
525
600
420
525
420
525
PAL
PAL
PAL
PAL
PAL
PAL
PAL
PAL
PAL
PAL
PAL
PAL
640x480
640x480
640x480
800x600
800x600
800x600
640x400
640x400
720x400
720x400
512x384
512x384
5:4
1:1
5:6
1:1
5:6
3:4
5:4
1:1
5:4
1:1
5:4
1:1
600
480
400
600
500
450
500
400
500
400
480
384
14%
(8%)
(29%)
14%
(4%)
(15%)
(4%)
(29%)
(4%)
(29%)
(8%)
(35%)
21.000
26.250
31.500
29.500
36.000
39.000
25.000
31.500
28.125
34.875
21.000
26.250
840
840
840
944
960
936
1000
1008
1125
1116
840
840
500
625
750
625
750
836
500
625
500
625
500
625
TV Format
Standard
Vertical
Total
(1) Note: Percent underscan is a calculated value based on average viewable lines on each TV format, assuming an average TV ovescan
of 10%. (Negative values) indicate modes which are operating in underscan.
For NTSC: 480 active lines - 10% (overscan) = 432 viewable lines (average)
For PAL: 576 active lines - 10% (overscan) = 518 viewable lines (average)
The inclusion of multiple levels of scaling for each resolution have been created to enable optimal use of the
CH7003 for different application needs. In general, underscan (modes where percent overscan is negative) provides
an image that is viewable in its entirety on screen; it should be used as the default for most applications (e.g.,
viewing text screens, operating games, running productivity applications, working within Windows). Overscanning
provides an image that extends past the edges of the TV screen, exactly like normal television programs and movies
appear on TV, and is only recommended for viewing movies or video clips coming from the computer.
Anti-flicker Filter
The CH7003 integrates an advanced 4-line (3-line for 1:1 modes) vertical deflickering filter circuit to help eliminate
the flicker associated with interlaced displays. When operating in scaled display modes, this flicker circuit provides
an adaptive filter algorithm for implementing flicker reduction with selections of high or low flicker content. When
operating in scale factors other than (1:1) display modes, it provides a selection of high or low flicker content. When
operating in non-scaled (1:1) display modes, it provides a selection of four anti-flicker filter modes (non-filtering
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
13
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Anti-flicker Filter (continued)
and three levels of flicker filtering). These modes are fully programmable via I2C, and are listed under the flicker
filter register.
Internal Voltage Reference
An on-chip bandgap circuit is used in the DAC to generate a reference voltage which, in conjunction with a
reference resistor at pin RSET, and register controlled divider, sets the output ranges of the DACs. The CH7003
bandgap reference voltage is 1.235 volts nominal for NTSC or PAL-M, or 1.317 volts nominal (for PAL or NTSCJ), which is determined by IDF register bit 6 (DACG bit). The recommended value for the reference resistor RSET
is 360 ohms (though this may be adjusted in order to achieve a different output level). The gain setting for DAC
output is 1/48 th. Therefore, for each DAC, the current output per LSB step is determined by the following equation:
ILSB = V(RSET)/RSET reference resistor* 1/GAIN
For DACG=0, this is: ILSB = 1.235/360 * 1/48 = 71.4 µA (nominal)
For DACG=1, this is: ILSB = 1.317/360 * 1/48 = 76.2 µA (nominal)
Power Management
The CH7003 supports five operating states including Normal [On], Power Down, Full Power Down, S-Video Off,
and Composite Off to provide optimal power consumption for the application involved. Using the programmable
power down modes accessed over the I2C port, the CH7003 may be placed in either Normal state, or any of the four
power managed states, as listed below (see “Power Management Register” under the Register Descriptions section
for programming information). To support power management, a TV sensing function (see “Connection Detect
Register” under the Register Descriptions section) is provided, which identifies whether a TV is connected to either
S-Video or composite (or neither). This sensing function can then be used to enter into the appropriate operating
state (e.g., if TV is sensed only on composite, the S-Video Off mode could be set by software).
Table 12. Power Management
Operating State
Functional Description
Normal (On):
In the normal operating state, all functions and pins are active
Power Down:
In the power-down state, most pins and circuitry are disabled.The BCO
pin will continue to provide either the VCO divided by K3, or 14.318
MHz out.
S-Video Off:
Power is shut off to the unused DAC’s associated with S-Video
outputs.
Composite Off:
In Composite-off state, power is shut off to the unused DAC associated
with CVBS output.
Full Power Down:
In this power-down state, all but the I2C circuits are disabled. This
places the CH7003 in its lowest power consumption mode.
Luminance and Chrominance Filter Options
The CH7003 contains a set of luminance filters to provide a controllable bandwidth output on both CVBS and
S-Video outputs. All values are completely programmable via the Video Bandwidth Register. For all graphs shown,
the horizontal axis is frequency in MHz, and the vertical axis is gain in dBs. The composite luminance and
chrominance video bandwidth output is shown in Table 13.
14
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Luminance and Chrominance Filter Options (continued)
Table 13. Video Bandwidth
Mode
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Chrominance Bandwidth(MHz)
00
0.62
0.78
0.53
0.65
0.83
1.03
0.70
0.87
0.74
0.93
0.63
0.78
0.89
0.62
0.78
0.93
0.64
0.74
0.79
0.77
0.95
1.02
0.77
0.86
0.94
CBW[1:0]
01
10
0.68
0.80
0.85
1.00
0.58
0.68
0.71
0.83
0.91
1.07
1.13
1.32
0.77
0.90
0.95
1.12
0.81
0.95
1.02
1.20
0.68
0.80
0.86
1.00
0.98
1.15
0.68
0.80
0.85
1.00
1.02
1.20
0.71
0.83
0.81
0.95
0.87
1.02
0.85
1.00
1.03
1.22
1.12
1.32
0.85
0.99
0.94
1.11
1.03
1.21
11
0.95
1.18
0.81
0.99
1.27
1.57
1.07
1.33
1.13
1.42
0.95
1.19
1.36
0.95
1.18
1.42
0.98
1.13
1.21
1.18
1.44
1.56
1.18
1.31
1.44
Luminance Bandwidth with Sin(X) /X (MHz)
CVBS
S-Video
S-Video
YCV
0
2.26
2.82
1.93
2.36
3.03
3.75
2.56
3.17
2.69
3.39
2.28
2.84
3.25
2.26
2.82
3.39
2.35
2.70
2.89
2.82
3.44
3.73
2.82
3.13
3.43
1
3.37
4.21
2.87
3.52
4.51
5.59
3.81
4.72
4.01
5.05
3.39
4.24
4.84
3.37
4.21
5.05
3.50
4.02
4.31
4.20
5.13
5.56
4.20
4.66
5.11
YSV[1:0], YPEAK = 0
00
01
1X
2.26
3.37
5.23
2.82
4.21
6.53
1.93
2.87
4.46
2.36
3.52
5.46
3.03
4.51
7.00
3.75
5.59
8.68
2.56
3.81
5.92
3.17
4.72
7.33
2.69
4.01
6.22
3.39
5.05
7.84
2.28
3.39
5.26
2.84
4.24
6.58
3.25
4.84
7.52
2.26
3.37
5.23
2.82
4.21
6.53
3.39
5.05
7.84
2.35
3.50
5.43
2.70
4.02
6.24
2.89
4.31
6.68
2.82
4.20
6.53
3.44
5.13
7.97
3.73
5.56
8.63
2.82
4.20
6.52
3.13
4.66
7.24
3.43
5.11
7.94
YSV[1:0], YPEAK = 1
00
01
1X
2.57
4.44
5.23
3.21
5.56
6.53
2.19
3.79
4.46
2.68
4.64
5.46
3.44
5.95
7.00
4.27
7.38
8.68
2.91
5.04
5.92
3.60
6.23
7.33
3.06
5.29
6.22
3.85
6.67
7.84
2.59
4.48
5.26
3.23
5.59
6.58
3.70
6.39
7.52
2.57
4.44
5.23
3.21
5.56
6.53
3.85
6.67
7.84
2.67
4.62
5.43
3.07
5.30
6.24
3.29
5.68
6.68
3.21
5.55
6.53
3.92
6.77
7.97
4.24
7.34
8.63
3.20
5.54
6.52
3.56
6.16
7.24
3.90
6.75
7.94
The composite luminance and chrominance frequency response is depicted in Figure 7 through 9.
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
15
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Luminance and Chrominance Filter Options (continued)
00
-66
-1212
-1818
)nn
<<i>
i>
(YCVdB
YCVdB
-2424
-3030
-3636
-4242 0
0
11
22
33
77
5 5 f 6f 6
n,i n , i
44
6
106
10
88
10
10
99
11
11
12
12
6
Figure 7: Composite Luminance Frequency Response (YCV = 0)
0
0
-66
-12
12
18
-18
<i >
YSVdB<i> n
(YSVdB
)n
24
-24
30
-30
36
-36
42
-42
00
11
22
33
44
55
66
fn,ifn , i
10 610
77
88
99
10
10
11
11
12
12
6
Figure 8: S-Video Luminance Frequency Response (YSV = 1X, YPEAK = 0)
16
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Luminance and Chrominance Filter Options (continued)
00
-66
-12
12
18
-18
<i >
UVfirdB
n
(UVfirdB<i>)n
24
-24
30
-30
36
-36
42
-42
00
11
22
33
44
55
66
7
7
88
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
fn,ifn , i
66
1010
Figure 9: Chrominance Frequency Response
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
17
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
NTSC and PAL Operation
Composite and S-Video outputs are supported in either NTSC or PAL format. The general parameters used to
characterize these outputs are listed in Table 14 and shown in Figure 10. (See Figure 13 through 18 for
illustrations of composite and S-Video output waveforms.)
CCIR624-3 Compliance
The CH7003 is predominantly compliant with the recommendations called out in CCIR624-3. The following are
the only exceptions to this compliance:
• The frequencies of Fsc, Fh, and Fv can only be guaranteed in master or psuedo-master modes, not in slave mode
when the graphics device generates these frequencies.
• It is assumed that gamma correction, if required, is performed in the graphics device which establishes the color
reference signals.
• All modes provide the exact number of lines called out for NTSC and PAL modes respectively, except mode 21,
which outputs 800x600 resolution, scaled by 3:4, to PAL format with a total of 627 lines (vs. 625).
• Chroma signal frequency response will fall within 10 % of the exact recommended value.
• Pulse widths and rise/fall times for sync pulses, front/back porches, and equalizing pulses are designed to
approximate CCIR624-3 requirements, but will fall into a range of values due to the variety of clock frequencies
used to support multiple operating modes.
Table 14. NTSC/PAL Composite Output Timing Parameters (in µS)
Symbol
Description
Level (mV)
Duration (uS)
NTSC
PAL
NTSC
PAL
287
300
1.49 - 1.51
1.48 - 1.51
0
0
4.69 - 4.72
4.69 - 4.71
A
Front Porch
B
Horizontal Sync
C
Breezeway
287
300
0.59 - 0.61
0.88 - 0.92
D
Color Burst
287
300
2.50 - 2.53
2.24 - 2.26
E
Back Porch
287
300
1.55 - 1.61
2.62 - 2.71
F
Black
340
300
0.00 - 7.50
0.00 - 8.67
G
Active Video
340
300
37.66 - 52.67
34.68 - 52.01
H
Black
340
300
0.00 - 7.50
0.00 - 8.67
For this table and all subsequent figures, key values are:
Note:
18
1.
2.
3.
4.
RSET = 360 ohms; V(RSET) = 1.235V; 75 ohms doubly terminated load.
Durations vary slightly in different modes due to the different clock frequencies used.
Active video and black (F, G, H) times vary greatly due to different scaling ratios used in different modes.
Black times (F and H) vary with position controls.
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
A
CH7003B
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Figure 10: NTSC / PAL Composite Output
START
START
O
OF
F
V
VS
SY
YN
NC
C
A
N
NA
ALLO
OG
G
StartA
of
field FIELD
1
FIELD
11
523
520
520
524
521
521
525
522
522
523
523
1
524
524
2
3
525
525
114
Pre-equalizing
pulse interval
22
5
336
447
669
558
10
77
12
9
9
11
88
Post-equalizing
pulse interval
Vertical sync
pulse interval
Reference
Line
A
AN
NA
ALLO
OG
G
vertical
sub-carrier
phase
FIELD
FIELD
t1+V interval
color
field 2
12
261
258
258
262
259
259
263
260
260
264
261
261
265
262
262
267
264
264
266
263
263
268
265
265
270
267
267
269
266
266
271
268
268
272
269
269
273
270
270
274
271
271
275
272
272
START
OF
VSYNC
Start of
field 2
Reference
ANALOG
sub-carrier
FIELD 1 phaset2+V
color field 2
523
520
524
521
525
522
523
1
Start of
field 3
2
524
14
525
3
36
25
7
4
85
10
7
9
6
12
9
11
8
Reference
ANALOG
sub-carrier
FIELD phase
2
t3+V
color field 3
261
258
262
259
263
260
264
261
262
265
266
263
264
267
265
268
269
266
270
267
268
271
272
269
273
270
274
271
272
275
Start of
field 4
Reference
sub-carrier phase
color field 4
Figure 11: Interlaced NTSC Video Timing
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
19
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
START
OF
VSYNC
ANALOG
FIELD 1
620
620
621
621
622
622
623
623
624
625
1
2
3
4
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
10
ANALOG
FIELD 2
308
308
309
309
310
310
311
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
318
319
319
320
320
321
321
322
322
323
323
ANALOG
FIELD 3
620
620
621
621
622
622
623
623
624
625
1
2
3
4
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
10
ANALOG
FIELD 4
308
308
BU
UR
RS
ST
T
B
BL
LA
AN
NK
KIIN
NG
G
B
INTERVALS
309
309
310
310
311
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
318
319
319
320
320
321
321
322
322
323
323
4
°°RE
BU
UR
RS
ST
TP
PH
HA
AS
SE
E=
=R
RE
EF
FE
ER
RE
EN
NC
CE
EP
P3H
HA
AS
SE
B
E=
=1
13
35
5 R
EL
LA
AT
TIIV
VE
ET
TO
OU
U
PA
AL
LS
SW
WIIT
TC
CH
H=
=0
0,, +
+V
VC
CO
OM
MP
PO
ON
NE
EN
N
P
T
2T
1H
°° E
BU
UR
RS
ST
TP
PH
HA
AS
SE
E=
=R
RE
EF
FE
ER
RE
EN
B
NC
CE
EP
P
HA
AS
SE
E+
+9
90
0 °°=
=2
22
25
5R
R
EL
LA
AT
TIIV
VE
ET
TO
OU
U
PA
AL
LS
SW
WIIT
TC
CH
H=
=1
1,, --V
VC
CO
OM
MP
PO
ON
NE
EN
P
NT
T
Figure 12: Interlaced PAL Video Timing
20
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
White
Yellow
26.66
24.66
1.000
0.925
Cyan
Green
21.37
19.37
0.801
0.726
Magenta
Red
16.22
14.22
0.608
0.533
Blue
Black
Blank
11.08
9.08
7.65
0.415
0.340
0.287
Sync
0.00
0.000
Color bars:
Black
Blue
Red
Magenta
V
Green
Cyan
Yellow
mA
White
Color/Level
Figure 13: NTSC Y (Luminance) Output Waveform (DACG = 0)
26.75
24.62
1.003
0.923
Cyan
Green
21.11
18.98
0.792
0.712
Magenta
Red
15.62
13.49
0.586
0.506
Blue
10.14
0.380
Blank/Black
8.00
0.300
Sync
0.00
0.000
Black
White
Yellow
Color bars:
Blue
Red
Magenta
V
Green
Cyan
Yellow
mA
White
Color/Level
Figure 14: PAL Y (Luminance) Video Output Waveform (DACG = 1)
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
21
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
0.842
Peak Burst
18.08
0.678
Blank
14.29
0.536
Peak Burst
10.51
0.394
Black
22.44
Blue
Yellow/Blue
Red
0.968
0.938
Magenta
25.80
25.01
Green
Cyan/Red
Green/Magenta
Cyan
V
Yellow
mA
White
Color bars:
Color/Level
3.579545 MHz Color Burst
(9 cycles)
Yellow/Blue
6.15
0.230
Green/Magenta
Cyan/Red
3.57
2.79
0.134
0.105
Figure 15: NTSC C (Chrominance) Video Output Waveform (DACG = 0)
0.897
Peak Burst
19.21
0.720
Blank
15.24
0.572
Peak Burst
11.28
0.423
Black
23.93
Blue
Yellow/Blue
Red
1.032
1.000
Magenta
27.51
26.68
Green
Cyan/Red
Green/Magenta
Cyan
V
Yellow
mA
White
Color bars:
Color/Level
4.433619 MHz Color Burst
(10 cycles)
Yellow/Blue
6.56
0.246
Green/Magenta
Cyan/Red
3.81
2.97
0.143
0.111
Figure 16: PAL C (Chrominance) Video Output Waveform (DACG = 1)
22
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Black
Peak Burst
Blue
White
Color bars:
Red
1.233
Magenta
32.88
Green
Peak Chrome
Cyan
V
Yellow
mA
White
Color/Level
1.000
26.66
11.44
0.429
Black
9.08
0.340
Blank
7.65
0.281
Peak Burst
4.450
0.145
3.579545 MHz Color Burst
(9 cycles)
Sync
0.00
0.000
Figure 17: Composite NTSC Video Output Waveform (DACG = 0)
Black
Blue
Red
Magenta
33.31 1.233
26.75 1.003
Peak Burst
11.97
0.449
Blank/Black
8.00
0.300
Peak Burst
4.04
0.151
Sync
Color bars:
Green
V
Cyan
White
mA
White
Peak Chrome
Yellow
Color/Level
0.00
0.000
4.433619 MHz Color Burst
(10 cycles)
Figure 18: Composite PAL Video Output Waveform (DACG = 1)
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
23
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
I2C Port Operation
The CH7003 contains a standard I2C control port, through which the control registers can be written and read. This
port is comprised of a two-wire serial interface, pins SD (bi-directional) and SC, which can be connected directly to
the SDB and SCB buses as shown in Figure 19.
The Serial Clock line (SC) is input only and is driven by the output buffer of the master device (also shown in
Figure 19). The CH7003 acts as a slave, and generation of clock signals on the bus is always the responsibility of
the master device. When the bus is free, both lines are HIGH. The output stages of devices connected to the bus
must have an open-drain or open-collector to perform the wired-AND function. Data on the bus can be transferred
up to 400 kbit/s.
+VDD
RP
SDB (Serial Data Bus)
SCB (Serial Clock Bus)
SD
SC
DATAN2
OUT
MASTER
SCLK
OUT
FROM
MASTER
DATA IN
MASTER
BUS MASTER
DATAN2
OUT
SCLK
IN1
DATA
IN1
DATAN2
OUT
SCLK
IN2
SLAVE
DATA
IN2
SLAVE
Figure 19: Connection of Devices to the Bus
Electrical Characteristics for Bus Devices
The electrical specifications of the bus devices’ inputs and outputs and the characteristics of the bus lines connected
to them are shown in Figure 19. A pull-up resistor (RP) must be connected to a 5V ± 10% supply. The CH7003 is
a device with input levels related to VDD.
Maximum and minimum values of pull-up resistor (R P)
The value of RP depends on the following parameters:
• Supply voltage
• Bus capacitance
• Number of devices connected (input current + leakage current = Iinput)
The supply voltage limits the minimum value of resistor R P due to the specified minimum sink current of 3mA at
VOLmax = 0.4 V for the output stages:
RP >= (VDD – 0.4) / 3 (RP in kΩ)
The bus capacitance is the total capacitance of wire, connections and pins. This capacitance limits the maximum
value of RP due to the specified rise time. The equation for RP is shown below:
RP <= 103/C (where: RP is in kΩ and C, the total capacitance, is in pF)
The maximum HIGH level input current of each input/output connection has a specified maximum value of 10 µA.
Due to the desired noise margin of 0.2VDD for the HIGH level, this input current limits the maximum value of R P.
The RP limit depends on VDD and is shown below:
RP <= (100 x VDD)/ Iinput (where: RP is in kΩ and Iinput is in µA)
24
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Transfer Protocol
Both read and write cycles can be executed in “Alternating” and “Auto-increment” modes. Alternating mode
expects a register address prior to each read or write from that location (i.e., transfers alternate between address and
data). Auto-increment mode allows you to establish the initial register location, then automatically increments the
register address after each subsequent data access (i.e., transfers will be address, data, data, data...). A basic serial
port transfer protocol is shown in Figure 20 and described below.
SD
I2C
1-7
8
Device ID
R/W*
SC
Start
Condition
9
1-8
ACK
Data1
CH7003
acknowledge
9
1-8
ACK
Data n
CH7003
acknowledge
9
ACK
CH7003
acknowledge
Stop
Condition
Figure 20: Serial Port Transfer Protocol
1. The transfer sequence is initiated when a high-to-low transition of SD occurs while SC is high; this is the
“START” condition. Transitions of address and data bits can only occur while SC is low.
2. The transfer sequence is terminated when a low-to-high transition of SD occurs while SC is high; this is the
“STOP” condition.
3. Upon receiving the first START condition, the CH7003 expects a Device Address Byte (DAB) from the
master device. The value of the device address is shown in the DAB data format below.
4. After the DAB is received, the CH7003 expects a Register Address Byte (RAB) from the master. The
format of the RAB is shown in the RAB data format below (note that B7 is not used).
Device Address Byte (DAB)
B7
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
B1
B0
1
1
1
0
1
ADDR*
ADDR
R/W
5. After the DAB is received, the CH7003 expects a Register Address Byte (RAB) from the master. The
format of the RAB is shown in the RAB data format below (note that B7 is not used).
R/W
Read/Write Indicator
“0”:
master device will write to the CH7003 at the register location specified by the address
AR[5:0]
“1”:
master device will read from the CH7003 at the register location specified by the
address AR[5:0].
Register Address Byte (RAB)
B7
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
B1
B0
1
AutoInc
AR[5]
AR[4]
AR[3]
AR[2]
AR[1]
AR[0]
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
25
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Transfer Protocols (continued)
AutoInc
Register Address Auto-Increment - to facilitate sequential R/W of registers.
“1”:
Auto-Increment enabled (auto-increment mode).
Write: After writing data into a register, the Address Register will automatically be
incremented by one.
Read: Before loading data from a register to the on-chip temporary register (getting ready to
be serially read), the Address Register will automatically be incremented by one.
However, for the first read after an RAB, the Address Register will not be changed.
“0”:
Auto-Increment disabled (alternating mode).
Write: After writing data into a register, the Address Register will remain unchanged until a
new RAB is written.
Read: Before loading data from a register to the on-chip temporary register (getting ready to
be serially read), the Address Register will remain unchanged.
AR[5:0]
Specifies the Address of the Register to be Accessed.
This register address is loaded into the Address Register of the CH7003. The R/W access, which
follows, is directed to the register specified by the content stored in the Address Register.
The following two sections describe the operation of the serial interface for the four combinations of R/W = 0,1 and
AutoInc = 0,1.
CH7003 Write Cycle Protocols (R/W = 0)
Data transfer with acknowledge is required. The acknowledge-related clock pulse is generated by the mastertransmitter. The master-transmitter releases the SD line (HIGH) during the acknowledge clock pulse. The slavereceiver must pull down the SD line, during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that it remains stable LOW during the
HIGH period of the clock pulse. The CH7003 always acknowledges for writes (see Figure 21). Note that the
resultant state on SD is the wired-AND of data outputs from the transmitter and receiver.
SD Data Output
By Master-Transmitter
not acknowledge
SD Data Output
By the CH7003
SC from
Master
acknowledge
1
2
Start
Condition
8
9
clock pulse for
acknowledgement
Figure 21: Acknowledge on the Bus
Figure 22 shows two consecutive alternating write cycles for AutoInc = 0 and R/W = 0. The byte of information,
following the Register Address Byte (RAB), is the data to be written into the register specified by AR[5:0]. If
AutoInc = 0, then another RAB is expected from the master device, followed by another data byte, and so on.
26
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Transfer Protocols (continued)
CH7003
acknowledge
SD
CH7003
acknowledge
CH7003
acknowledge
CH7003
acknowledge
CH7003
acknowledge
I2C
SC
Start
Condition
1-7
8
9
1-8
9
1-8
9
1-8
9
1-8
9
Device ID
R/W*
ACK
RAB
ACK
Data
ACK
RAB
ACK
Data
ACK
Stop
Condition
Figure 22: Alternating Write Cycles
Note: The acknowledge is from the CH7003 (slave).
If AutoInc = 1, then the register address pointer will be incremented automatically and subsequent data bytes will be
written into successive registers without providing an RAB between each data byte. An Auto-increment write cycle
is shown in Figure 23.
CH7003
acknowledge
SD
CH7003
acknowledge
CH7003
acknowledge
CH7003
acknowledge
I2C
SC
Start
Condition
1-7
8
9
1-8
9
1-8
9
1-8
9
Device ID
R/W*
ACK
RAB n
ACK
Data n
ACK
Data n+1
ACK
Stop
Condition
Figure 23: Auto-Increment Write Cycle
Note: The acknowledge is from the CH7003 (slave).
When the auto-increment mode is enabled (AutoInc is set to 1), the register address pointer continues to increment
for each write cycle until AR[5:0] = 2A (2A is the address of the Address Register). The next byte of information
represents a new auto-sequencing “Starting address,” which is the address of the register to receive the next byte.
The auto-sequencing then resumes based on this new “Starting address.” The auto-increment sequence can be
terminated any time by either a “STOP” or “RESTART” condition. The write operation can be terminated with a
“STOP” condition.
CH7003 Read Cycle Protocols (R/W = 1)
If a master-receiver is involved in a transfer, it must signal the end of data to the slave-transmitter by not generating
an acknowledge on the last byte that was clocked out of the slave. The slave-transmitter CH7003 releases the data
line to allow the master to generate the STOP condition or the RESTART condition.
To read the content of the registers, the master device starts by issuing a “START” condition (or a “RESTART”
condition). The first byte of data, after the START condition, is a DAB with R/W = 0. The second byte is the RAB
with AR[5:0], containing the address of the register that the master device intends to read from in AR[5:0]. The
master device should then issue a “RESTART” condition (“RESTART” = “START,” without a previous “STOP”
condition). The first byte of data, after this RESTART condition, is another DAB with R/W=1, indicating the
master’s intention to read data hereafter. The master then reads the next byte of data (the content of the register
specified in the RAB). If AutoInc = 0, then another RESTART condition, followed by another DAB with R/W = 0
and RAB, is expected from the master device. The master device then issues another RESTART, followed by
another DAB. After that, the master may read another data byte, and so on. In summary, a RESTART condition,
followed by a DAB, must be produced by the master before each of the RAB, and before each of the data read
events. Two consecutive alternating read cycles are shown in Figure 24.
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
27
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Transfer Protocols (continued)
.
CH7003
acknowledge
CH7003
acknowledge
CH7003
acknowedge
Master
does not
acknowledge
SD
I2C
1-7
SC
Start
Condition
I2C
9
1-8
9
ACK
RAB 1
ACK
8
Device ID R/W*
10
Restart
Condition
1-7
9
1-8
9
ACK
Data 1
ACK
8
Device ID R/W*
10
Restart
Condition
Master does
not acknowledge
CH7003
acknowledge
CH7003
acknowledge
CH7003
acknowledge
I2 C
8
9
1-8
9
R/W*
ACK
RAB 2
ACK
1-7
Device ID
I2C
10
1-7
Restart Device ID
Condition
8
9
1-8
9
R/W*
ACK
Data 2
ACK
Stop
Condition
Figure 24: Alternating Read Cycle
If AutoInc = 1, then the address register will be incremented automatically and subsequent data bytes can be read
from successive registers, without providing a second RAB.
CH7003
acknowledge
CH7003
CH7003
acknowledge
Master
acknowledge
Master does
not acknowledge
just before Stop
condition
SD
I2C
SC
1-7
8
Start Device ID R/W*
Condition
I2 C
9
1-8
9
ACK
RAB n
ACK
10
1-7
8
Restart Device ID R/W*
Condition
9
1-8
9
1-8
9
ACK
Data n
ACK
Data
n+1
ACK
Stop
Condition
Figure 25: Auto-increment Read Cycle
When the auto-increment mode is enabled (AutoInc is set to 1), the Address Register will continue incrementing for
each read cycle. When the content of the Address Register reaches 2A, it will wrap around and start from 00h again.
The auto increment sequence can be terminated by either a “STOP” or “RESTART” condition. The read operation
can be terminated with a “STOP” condition. Figure 25 shows an auto-increment read cycle terminated by a STOP or
RESTART condition.
28
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Registers and Programming
The CH7003 is a fully programmable device, providing for full functional control through a set of registers accessed
from the I2C port. The CH7003 contains a total of 31 registers, which are listed in Table 15 and described in detail
under Register Descriptions. Detailed descriptions of operating modes and their effects are contained in the previous
section, Functional Description. An addition (+) sign in the Bits column below signifies that the parameter contains
more than 8 bits, and the remaining bits are located in another register.
Table 15. Register Map
Register
Symbol
Address
Bits
Functional Summary
Display Mode
DMR
00H
8
Display mode selection
Flicker Filter
FFR
01H
2
Flicker filter mode selection
Video Bandwidth
VBW
03H
7
Luma and chroma filter bandwidth
selection
Data format and bit-width selections
Input Data Format
IDF
04H
6
Clock Mode
CM
06H
7
Sets the clock mode to be used
Start Active Video
SAV
07H
8+
Active video delay setting
Position Overflow
PO
08H
3
MSB bits of position values
Black Level
BLR
09H
8
Black level adjustment
Input latch clock edge select
HPR
0AH
8+
Enables horizontal movement of
displayed image on TV
VPR
0BH
8+
Enables vertical movement of displayed
image on TV
SPR
0DH
4
Determines the horizontal and vertical
sync polarity
PMR
0EH
5
Enables power saving modes
Horizontal Position
Vertical Position
Sync Polarity
Power Management
Connection Detect
CDR
10H
4
Detection of TV presence
Contrast Enhancement
CE
11H
3
Contrast enhancement setting
PLL M and N
extra bits
MNE
13H
5
Contains the MSB bits for the M and N
PLL values
PLL-M Value
PLLM
14H
8+
Sets the PLL M value - bits (7:0)
PLL-N Value
PLLN
15H
8+
Sets the PLL N value - bits (7:0)
Buffered Clock
BCO
17H
6
Determines the clock output at pin 41
Subcarrier Frequency
Adjust
FSCI
18H - 1FH
4 each
Determines the subcarrier frequency
PLL and Memory
Control
PLLC
20H
6
Controls for the PLL and memory
sections
CIV Control
CIVC
21H
3
Control of CIV value
Calculated Fsc
Increment Value
CIV
22H - 24H
8 each
Readable register containing the
calculated subcarrier increment value
Version ID
VID
25H
5
Device version number
Test
TR
26H - 29H
30
Reserved for test (details not included
herein)
Address
AR
2AH
6
Current register being addressed
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
29
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
Table 16. I2C Alternate Register Map
Register
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
00H
IR2
IR1
IRO
VOS1
VOS0
SR2
SR1
SR0
FF1
FF0
01H
02H
03H
FLFF
04H
CVBW
CBW1
DACG
RGBBP
CBW0
YPEAK
YSV1
YSV0
YCV
IDF3
IDF2
IDF1
IDF0
MCP
XCM1
XCM0
PCM1
PCM0
SAV4
SAV3
SAV2
SAV1
SAV0
SAV8
HP8
VP8
05H
06H
CFRB
M/S*
07H
SAV7
SAV6
SAV5
08H
09H
BL7
BL6
BL5
BL4
BL3
BL2
BL1
BL0
0AH
HP7
HP6
HP5
HP4
HP3
HP2
HP1
HP0
0BH
VP7
VP6
VP5
VP4
VP3
VP2
VP1
VP0
DES
SYO
VSP
HSP
Reset*
PD2
PD1
PD0
YT
CT
CVBST
SENSE
CE2
CE1
CE0
0CH
0DH
0EH
SCART
0FH
10H
11H
12H
13H
Reserved
Reserved
N9
N8
M8
14H
M7
M6
M5
M4
M3
M2
M1
M0
15H
N7
N6
N5
N4
N3
N2
N1
N0
SHF2
SHF1
16H
17H
SHF0
SCO2
SCO1
SCO0
18H
FSCI31
FSCI30
FSCI29
FSCI28
19H
FSCI27
FSCI26
FSCI25
FSCI24
1AH
FSCI23
FSCI22
FSCI21
FSCI20
FSCI19
FSCl18
FSCl17
FSCl16
1CH
FSCI15
FSCl14
FSCl13
FSCI12
1DH
FSCI11
FSCl10
FSCl9
FSCI8
1EH
FSCI7
FSCI6
FSCI5
FSCI4
1BH
\
\
1FH
20H
FSCI3
FSCI2
FSCI1
FSCI0
PLLCPl
PLLCAP
PLLS
PLL5VD
PLL5VA
MEM5V
21H
ClVH1
ClVH0
AClV
22H
CIV23
CIV22
CIV21
CIV20
CIV19
CIV18
CIV17
CIV16
23H
CIV15
CIV14
CIV13
CIV12
CIV11
CIV10
CIV9
CIV8
24H
CIV7
CIV6
CIV5
CIV4
CIV3
CIV2
CIV1
CIVO
VID4
VID3
VID2
VID1
VID0
AR4
AR3
AR2
AR1
AR0
25H
2AH
30
AR5
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions
Symbol: DMR
Display Mode Register
Address: 00H
Bits: 8
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
IR2
IR1
IR0
VOS1
VOS0
SR2
SR1
SR0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
This register provides programmable control of the CH7003 display mode, including input resolution (IR[2:0]),
output TV standard (VOS[1:0]), and scaling ratio (SR[2:0]). The mode of operation is determined according to the
table below (default is Mode 17 640x480 input, NTSC output, 7/8’s scaling).
Table 17. Mode Selection
Mode
IR[2:0]
VOS
[1:0]
SR
[2:0]
Input Data
Format
(Active
Video)
Total Pixels/Line
x Total
Lines/Frame
Output
Format
Scaling
Pixel Clock
(MHz)
0
000
00
000
512x384
840x500
PAL
5/4
21.000000
1
000
00
001
512x384
840x625
PAL
1/1
26.250000
2
000
01
000
512x384
800x420
NTSC
5/4
20.139860
3
000
01
001
512x384
784x525
NTSC
1/1
24.671329
4
001
00
000
720X400
1125X500
PAL
5/4
28.125000
5
001
00
001
720x400
1116x625
PAL
1/1
34.875000
6
001
01
000
720x400
945x420
NTSC
5/4
23.790210
7
001
01
001
720x400
936x525
NTSC
1/1
29.454545
8
010
00
000
640x400
1000x500
PAL
5/4
25.000000
9
010
00
001
640x400
1008x625
PAL
1/1
31.500000
10
010
01
000
640x400
840x420
NTSC
5/4
21.146853
11
010
01
001
640x400
840x525
NTSC
1/1
26.433566
12
010
01
010
640x400
840x600
NTSC
7/8
30.209790
13
011
00
000
640x480
840x500
PAL
5/4
21.000000
14
011
00
001
640x480
840x625
PAL
1/1
26.250000
15
011
00
011
640x480
840x750
PAL
5/6
31.500000
16
011
01
001
640x480
784x525
NTSC
1/1
24.671329
17
011
01
010
640x480
784x600
NTSC
7/8
28.195804
18
011
01
011
640x480
800x630
NTSC
5/6
30.209790
19
100
00
001
800x600
944x625
PAL
1/1
29.500000
20
100
00
011
800x600
960x750
PAL
5/6
36.000000
21
100
00
100
800x600
936x836
PAL
3/4
39.000000
22
100
01
011
800x600
1040x630
NTSC
5/6
39.272727
23
100
01
100
800x600
1040x700
NTSC
3/4
43.636364
24
100
01
101
800x600
1064x750
NTSC
7/10
47.832168
VOS[1:0]
00
01
10
11
Output Format
PAL
NTSC
PAL-M
NTSC-J
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
31
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
Flicker Filter Register
Bit:
7
Symbol: FFR
Address: 01H
Bits: 2
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
FF1
FF0
Type:
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
1
The flicker filter register provides for adjusting the operation of the scan rate conversion/flicker filter. As a function
of the CH7003 scaling/filtering architecture, the selection of scaling modes affects the available selections of flicker
filtering. When operating in non-scaling modes (i.e., modes with scaling of 1/1), the FF[1:0] selects from four
different amounts of flicker reduction. When operating in modes with scaling other than 1/1, FF[1] selects from two
different amounts of flicker reduction, where bit FF[0] is ignored in these scaling settings. The tables below show
the various flicker filter settings.
Table 18. Non-scaled Modes (1/1 ratio)
FFR[1:0]
Mode
Comments
00
0:1:0
No filtering (flicker filtering is disabled)
01
1:2:1
Moderate flicker filtering (default mode)
10
1:3:1
Low flicker reduction
11
1:1:1
High flicker reduction
Table 19. Scaled Modes (non1/1scale ratio)
FFR[1:0]
Mode
Comments
0X
3-line
3-line flicker filter, moderate flicker reduction
1X
4-line
4-line flicker filter, minimum flicker
Video Bandwidth Register
Symbol: VBW
Address: 03H
Bits: 7
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
FLFF
CVBW
CBW1
CBW0
YPEAK
YSV1
YSV0
YCV
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
This register enables the selection of alternative filters for use in the luma and chroma channels. There are currently
4 filter options defined for the chroma channel, 4 filter options in the S-Video luma channel and two filter options in
the composite luma channel. Table 20 and Table 21 show the various settings.
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201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
Table 20. Luma Filter Bandwidth
YCV
Luma Composite Video Filter Adjust
0
Low bandwidth
1
High bandwidth
YSV[1:0]
Luma S-Video Filter Adjust
00
Low bandwidth
01
Medium bandwidth
10
High bandwidth
11
Reserved (decode this and handle the same as 10)
YPEAK
Disables the Y-peaking circuit
0
Disables the peaking filter in luma S-Video channel
1
Enables the peaking filter in luma S-Video channel
Table 21. Chroma Filter Bandwidth
CBW[1:0]
Chroma Filter Adjust
00
Low bandwidth
01
Medium bandwidth
10
Med-high bandwidth
11
High bandwidth
•
Bit 6 (CVBW) outputs the S-Video luma signal on both the S-Video luma output and the CVBS output. A "1"
in this location enables the output of a black and white image on composite, thereby eliminating the degrading
effects of the color signal (such as dot crawl or false colors), which is useful for viewing text with high
accuracy.
•
Bit 7 (FLFF) controls the flicker filter used in the 7/10’s scaling modes. In these scaling modes, setting FLFF
to one causes a five line flicker filter to be used. The default setting of zero uses a four line flicker filter.
Input Data Format Register
Bit:
7
Symbol: IDF
Address: 04H
Bits: 6
6
5
Symbol:
DACG
Type:
R/W
Default:
0
4
3
2
1
0
RGBBP
IDF3
IDF2
IDF1
IDF0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
This register sets the variables required to define the incoming pixel data stream, including data format and input bit
width, and VBI encoding.
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
33
CHRONTEL
Register Descriptions (continued)
Table 22. Input Data Format
IDF[3:0]
Description
0000
16-bit non-multiplexed RGB (16-bit color, 565) input
0001
16-bit non-multiplexed YCrCb (24-bit color) input (Y non-multiplexed, CrCb multiplexed)
0010
16-bit multiplexed RGB (24-bit color) input
0011
15-bit non-multiplexed RGB (15-bit color, 555) input
0100
12-bit multiplexed RGB (24-bit color) input (“C” multiplex scheme)
0101
12-bit multiplexed RGB2 (24-bit color) input (“I” multiplex scheme)
0110
8-bit multiplexed RGB (24-bit color, 888) input
0111
8-bit multiplexed RGB (16-bit color, 565) input
1000
8-bit multiplexed RGB (15-bit color, 555) input
1001-1111
8-bit multiplexed YCrCb (24-bit color) input (Y, Cr and Cb are multiplexed)
RGBBP (bit 5): Setting this bit enables the RGB pass-through mode. Setting this bit to a 1 causes the input RGB
signal to be directly output at the DACs (subject to a pipeline delay). If RGBBP=0, the bypass mode is disabled.
DACG (bit 6): This bit controls the gain of the D/A converters. When DACG=0, the nominal DAC current is 71
µA, which provides the correct levels for NTSC and PAL-M. When DACG=1, the nominal DAC current is 76µA,
which provides the correct levels for PAL and NTSC-J.
Clock Mode Register
Symbol: CM
Address: 06H
Bits: 7
Bit:
7
6
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
CFRB
M/S*
5
MCP
XCM1
XCM0
PCM1
PCM0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
The setting of the clock mode bits determines the clocking mechanism used in the CH7003. The clock modes are
shown in the table below. PCM controls the frequency of the pixel clock, and XCM identifies the frequency of the
XCLK input clock.
Note: For what was formerly defined as the master mode, the user must now externally connect the P-OUT clock to the
XCLK input pin. Although it is possible to set the XCM [1:0] and PCM[1:0] values independent of the input data format,
there are only certain combinations of input data format, XCM and PCM, that will result in valid data being demultiplexed
at the input of the device. Refer to the “Input Data Format Register” for these combinations.
34
Rev 3.0, 06/30/98
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
Table 23. Clock Modes
XCM[1:0]
PCM[1:0]
XCLK
P-OUT
Input Data Modes Supported
00
00
1X
1X
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9
00
01
1X
2X
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9
00
1X
1X
3X
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9
01
00
2X
1X
2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9
01
01
2X
2X
2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9
01
1X
2X
3X
2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9
1X
00
3X
1X
6
1X
01
3X
2X
6
1X
1X
3X
3X
6
The Clock Mode Register also contains the following bits:
•
MCP (bit 4) determines which edge of the pixel clock output will be used to latch input data. Zero selects the
negative edge, one selects the positive edge.
•
Bit 5 Unused
•
M/S* (bit 6) determines whether the device operates in master or slave clock mode. In master mode (1), the
14.31818MHz clock is used as a frequency reference, and the display mode register is decoded to determine
the PLL divider settings. In slave mode (0) the XCLK input is used as a reference to the PLL, and is divided
by the value specified by XCM[1:0]. The divide by N is forced to one.
•
Bit 7 (CFRB) sets whether the chroma subcarrier free-runs, or is locked to the video signal. One causes the
subcarrier to lock to the TV vertical rate, and should be used when the ACIV bit is set to zero. Zero causes the
subcarrier to free-run, and should be used when the ACIV bit is set to one.
Start Active Video Register
Symbol: SAV
Address: 07H
Bits: 8
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
SAV7
SAV6
SAV5
SAV4
SAV3
SAV2
SAV1
SAV0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
This register sets the delay, in pixel increments, from leading edge of horizontal sync to start of active video. The
entire bit field SAV[8:0] is comprised of this register SAV[7:0], plus the MSB value contained in the position
overflow register, bit SAV8. This is decoded as a whole number of pixels, which can be set anywhere between 0
and active data must be a multiple of two clocks. In any 3X clock mode, the number of 3X clocks from the leading
edge of sync to the first active data must be a multiple of three clocks.
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
35
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
Position Overflow Register
Bit:
7
6
Symbol: PO
Address: 08H
Bits: 3
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
SAV8
HP8
VP8
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
0
0
This position overflow register contains the MSB values for the SAV, HP, and VP values, as follows:
•
VP8 (bit 0) is the MSB of the vertical position value (see explanation under “Vertical Position Register”).
•
HP8 (bit 1) is the MSB of the horizontal position value (see explanation under “Horizontal Position
Register”).
SAV8 (bit 2) is the MSB of the start of active video value (see explanation under “Start Active Video
Register”).
•
Black Level Register
Symbol: BLR
Address: 09H
Bits: 8
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
BL7
BL6
BL5
BL4
BL3
BL2
BL1
BL0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
This register sets the black level. The luminance data is added to this black level, which must be set between 90 and
208, with the default value being 127. Recommended values for NTSC and PAL-M are 127, 105 for PAL and 100
for NTSC-J. This value must be set to zero when in SCART mode.
Horizontal Position Register
Symbol: HPR
Address: 0AH
Bits: 8
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
HP7
HP6
HP5
HP4
HP3
HP2
HP1
HP0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
The horizontal position register is used to shift the displayed TV image in a horizontal direction (left or right) to
achieve a horizontally centered image on screen. The entire bit field, HP[8:0] is comprised of this register HP[7:0]
plus the MSB value contained in the position overflow register, bit HP8. Increasing this value moves the displayed
image position RIGHT; decreasing this value moves the displayed image position LEFT. Each increment moves the
image position by 4 input pixels.
36
201-0000-023 Rev.4.1, 8/2/99
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
Vertical Postiion Register
Symbol: VPR
Address: 0BH
Bits: 8
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
VP7
VP6
VP5
VP4
VP3
VP2
VP1
VP0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
This register is used to shift the displayed TV image in a vertical direction (up or down) to achieve a vertically centered image on screen. This bit field, VP[8:0] represents the TV line number (relative to the VGA vertical sync)
used to initiate the generation and insertion of the TV vertical interval (i.e., the first sequence of equalizing pulses).
Increasing values delay the output of the TV vertical sync, causing the image position to move UP on the TV screen.
Decreasing values, therefore, move the image position DOWN. Each increment moves the image position by one
TV line (approximately 2 VGA lines). The maximum value that should be programmed into the VP[8:0] value is
the number of TV lines minus 1, divided by 2 (262, 312 or 313). When panning the image up, the number should be
increased until (TVLPF-1) / 2 is reached; the next step should be to reset the value to zero. When panning the image
down the screen, the VP[8:0] value should be decremented until the value zero is reached. The next step should set
the value to (TVLPF-1) / 2, and then decrementing can continue. If this value is programmed to a number greater
than (TV lines per frame-1) /2, a TV vertical SYNC will not be generated.
Sync Polarity Register
Bit:
7
Symbol: SPR
Address: 0DH
Bits: 4
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
DES
SYO
VSP
HSP
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
0
0
0
This register provides selection of the synchronization signal input to, or output from, the CH7003.
• HSP (bit 0) is Horizontal Sync Polarity - an HSP value of zero means the horizontal sync is active low, and a
value of one means the horizontal sync is active high.
•
•
•
VSP (bit 1) is Vertical Sync Polarity - a VSP value of zero means the vertical sync is active low, and a value
of one means the vertical sync is active high.
SYO (bit 2) is Sync Direction - a SYO value of zero means that H and V sync are input to the CH7003. A
value of one means that H and V sync are output from the CH7003.
DES (bit 3) is Detect Embedded Sync - a DES value of zero means that H and V sync will be obtained from
the direct pin inputs. A DES value of one means that H and V sync will be detected from the embedded codes
on the pixel input stream. Note that this will only be valid for the YCrCb input modes.
Note: When sync direction is set to be an output, horizontal sync will use a fixed pulse width of 64 pixels and vertical
sync will use a fixed pulse width of 2 lines.
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CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
Power Management Register
Bit:
7
6
Symbol: PMR
Address: 0EH
Bits: 5
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
SCART
Reset*
PD2
PD1
PD0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
1
0
1
1
This register provides control of the power management functions, a software reset (ResetB), and the SCART output
enable. The CH7003 provides programmable control of its operating states, as described in the table below.
Table 24. Power Management
PD[2:0]
Operating State
Functional Description
000
Composite Off
CVBS DAC is powered down.
001
Power Down
Most pins and circuitry are disabled (except for the bandgap
reference and the buffered clock outputs which are limited to
the 14MHz output and VCO divided outputs).
010
S-Video Off
S-Video DACs are powered down.
011
Normal (On)
All circuits and pins are active.
1XX
Full Power Down
All circuitry is powered down, except I 2C circuit
Reset* (bit 3) is soft reset. Setting this bit to 0 will reset all circuitry requiring a power on reset, except for this bit
itself and the I2C state machines. After reset, this bit should be set back to 1 for normal operation to continue.
SCART (bit 4) is the SCART enable. Setting SCART = 0 means the CH7003 will operate normally, outputting Y/C
and CVBS from the three DACs. SCART=1 enables SCART output, which will cause R, G and B to be output from
the DACs and composite sync from the CSYNC pin.
Note: For complete details regarding the operation of these modes, see the Power Management in Functional Description
sections.
Connection Detect Register
Bit:
7
6
Symbol: CDR
Address: 10H
Bits: 4
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
YT
CT
CVBST
SENSE
Type:
R
R
R
W
Default:
0
0
0
0
The Connection Detect Register provides a means to sense the connection of a TV to either S-Video or Composite
video outputs. The status bits, YT, CT, and CVBST correspond to the DAC outputs for S-Video (Y and C outputs)
and Composite video (CVBS), respectively. However, the values contained in these status bits are NOT VALID
until a sensing procedure is performed. Use of this register requires a sequence of events to enable the sensing of
outputs, then reading out the applicable status bits. The detection sequence works as follows:
1. Ensure the power management register Bits 2-0 is set to 011 (normal mode).
38
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CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
2. Set the SENSE bit to a 1. This forces a constant current output onto the Y, C, and CVBS outputs. Note that
during SENSE = 1, these 3 analog outputs are at steady state and no TV synchronization pulses are asserted.
3. Reset the SENSE bit to 0. This triggers a comparison between the voltage sensed on these analog outputs
and the reference value expected (Vthreshold = 1.235V). If the measured voltage is below this threshold
value, it is considered connected, if it is above this voltage it is considered unconnected. During this step,
each of the three status bits corresponding to individual analog outputs will be set if they are NOT
connected.
4. Read the status bits. The status bits, YT, CT, and CVBST (corresponding to S-Video Y and C outputs and
composite video) now contain valid information which can be read to determine which outputs are
connected to a TV. Again, a “0” indicates a valid connection, a “1” indicates an unconnected output.
Contrast Enhancement Register
Bit:
7
6
Symbol: CE
Address: 11H
Bits: 3
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
CE2
CE1
CE0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
1
1
This register provides control of the contrast enhancement feature of the CH7003, according to the table below. At
a setting of 000, the video signal will be pulled towards the maximum black level. As the value of CE[2:0] is
increased, the amount that the signal is pulled towards black is decreased until unity gain is reached at a setting of
011. From this point on, the video signal is pulled towards the white direction, with the effect increasing with
increasing settings of CE[2:0].
Table 25. Contrast Enhancement Function
CE[2:0]
Description (all gains limited to 0-255)
000
Contrast enhancement gain 3 Yout = (5/4)*(Yin-102) = Enhances Black
001
Contrast enhancement gain 2 Yout = (9/8)*(Yin-57)
010
Contrast enhancement gain 1 Yout = (17/16)*(Yin-30)
011
Normal mode Yout = (1/1)*(Yin-0) = Normal Contrast
100
Contrast enhancement gain 1 Yout = (17/16)*(Yin-0)
101
Contrast enhancement gain 2 Yout = (9/8)*(Yin-0)
110
Contrast enhancement gain 3 Yout = (5/4)*(Yin-0)
111
Contrast enhancement gain 4 Yout = (3/2)*(Yin-0) = Enhances White
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CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
256
224
192
160
128
96
64
32
0
0
32
64
96
128
160
192
224
256
Figure 26: Luma Transfer Function at different contrast enhancement settings
PLL Overflow Register
Bit:
7
6
Symbol: MNE
Address: 13H
Bits: 5
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
Reserved
Reserved
N9
N8
M8
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
0
0
0
0
The PLL Overflow Register contains the MSB bits for the ‘M’ and ‘N’ values, which will be described in the PLLM and PLL-N registers, respectively. The reserved bits should not be written to.
PLL M Value Register
Symbol: PLLM
Address: 14H
Bits: 8
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
M7
M6
M5
M4
M3
M2
M1
M0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
The PLL M value register determines the division factor applied to the frequency reference clock before it is input to
the PLL phase detector when the CH7003 is operating in master or pseudo-master clock mode. In slave mode, an
external pixel clock is used instead of the frequency reference, and the division factor is determined by the
XCM[3:0] value. This register contains the lower 8 bits of the complete 9-bit M value.
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CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
PLL N Value Register
Symbol: PLLN
Address: 15H
Bits: 8
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
N7
N6
N5
N4
N3
N2
N1
N0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The PLL N value register determines the division factor applied to the VCO output before being applied to the PLL
phase detector, when the CH7003 is operating in master or pseudo-master mode. In slave mode, the value of ‘N’ is
always 1. This register contains the lower 8 bits of the complete 10-bit N value. The pixel clock generated in a
master and pseudo-master modes is calculated according to the equation below:
Fpixel = Fref* [(N+2) / (M+2)]
When using a 14.318 MHz frequency reference, the required M and N values for each mode are shown in the table
below.
Table 26. M and N Values for Each Mode
Mode
VGA Resolution, TV
Standard, Scaling Ratio
512X384, PAL, 5:4
N 10bits
20
M 9bits
Mode
VGA Resolution, TV
Standard, Scaling Ratio
N 10bits
M 9-bits
13
14
640X480, PAL, 5:4
640X480, PAL, 1:1
20
13
1
512X384, PAL, 1:1
9
13
4
9
4
2
512X384, NTSC, 5:4
126
89
15
640X480, PAL, 5:6
9
3
3
512X384, NTSC, 1:1
110
63
16
640X480, NTSC, 1:1
110
63
4
720X400, PAL, 5:4
53
26
17
640X480, NTSC, 7:8
126
63
5
720X400, PAL, 1:1
339
138
18
640X480, NTSC, 5:6
190
89
6
720X400, NTSC, 5:4
106
63
19
800X600, PAL, 1:1
647
313
7
720X400, NTSC, 1:1
70
33
20
800X600, PAL, 5:6
86
33
8
640X400, PAL, 5:4
108
61
21
800X600, PAL, 3:4
284
103
9
640X400, PAL, 1:1
9
3
22
800X600, NTSC, 5:6
94
33
10
640X400, NTSC, 5:4
94
63
23
800X600, NTSC, 3:4
62
19
11
640X400, NTSC, 1:1
22
11
24
800X600, NTSC, 7:10
302
89
12
640X400, NTSC, 7:8
190
89
0
Buffered Clock Output Register
Bit:
7
6
Symbol: BCO
Address: 17H
Bits: 5
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
SHF2
SHF1
SHF0
SCO2
SCO1
SCO0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
0
0
0
0
0
The buffered clock output register determines which clock is selected to be output at the buffered clock output pin,
and what frequency value should be output if a VCO derived signal is output. The tables below show the possible
output signals.
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CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
Table 27. Clock Output Selection
SCO[2:0]
Buffered Clock Output
000
14 MHz crystal
001
(For test use only)
010
VCO divided by K3 (see Table 28 )
011
Field ID signal
100
(for test use only)
101
(for test use only)
110
TV horizontal sync (for test use only)
111
TV vertical sync (for test use only)
Table 28. K3 Selection
SHF[2:0]
K3
000
2.5
001
3
010
3.5
011
4
100
4.5
101
5
110
6
111
7
Sub-carrier Value Registers
Bit:
7
6
Symbol: FSCI
Address: 018H - 1FH
Bits: 4 each
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
FSCI#
FSCI#
FSCI#
FSCI#
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
The lower four bits of registers18H through 1F contain a 32-bit value which is used as an increment value for the
ROM address generation circuitry. the bit locations fare shown below:
Register
18H
19H
1AH
1BH
1CH
1DH
1EH
1FH
42
Contents
FSCI[31:28]
FSCI[27:24]
FSCI[23:20]
FSCI[19:16]
FSCI[15:12]
FSCI[11:8]
FSCI[7:4]
FSCI[3:0]
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CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
When the CH7003 is operating in the master clock mode, the tables below should be used to set the FSCI registers.
When using these values, the ACIV bit in register 21H should be set to "0" and the CFRB bit in register 06H should
be set to“1”.
Table 29. FSCI Values (525-Lines Modes)
Mode
NTSC
"Normal Dot Crawl"
NTSC
"No Dot Crawl"
PAL-M
"Normal Dot Crawl
2
763,363,328
763,366,524
762,524,467
3
623,153,737
623,156,346
622,468,953
6
574,429,782
574,432,187
573,798,541
7
463,962,517
463,964,459
463,452,668
10
646,233,505
646,236,211
645,523,358
11
516,986,804
516,988,968
516,418,687
12
452,363,454
452,365,347
451,866,351
16
623,153,737
623,156,346
622,468,953
17
545,259,520
545,261,803
544,660,334
18
508,908,885
508,911,016
508,349,645
22
521,957,831
521,960,016
521,384,251
23
469,762,048
469,764,015
469,245,826
24
428,554,851
438,556,645
428,083,911
Table 30. FSCI Values (625-Lines Modes)
Mode
PAL
"Normal Dot Crawl"
PAL-N
"Normal Dot Crawl"
0
806,021,060
651,209,077
1
644,816,848
520,967,262
4
601,829,058
486,236,111
5
485,346,014
392,125,896
8
677,057,690
547,015,625
9
537,347,373
434,139,385
13
806,021,060
651,209,077
14
644,816,848
520,967,262
15
537,347,373
434,139,385
19
645,499,916
521,519,134
20
528,951,320
427,355,957
21
488,262,757*
394,482,422
When the CH7003 is operating in the slave clock mode, the ACIV bit in register 21H should be set to "1" and the
CFRB bit in register 06H should be set to “0”.
*Note: For reduced cross-color and cross-luminance artifacts, a value of 488,265,597 can be used with CFRB = "0"
& ACIV = "0".
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CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
PLL Control Register
Bit:
7
Symbol: PLLC
Address: 20H
Bits: 6
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
PLLCPI
PLLCAP
PLLS
PLL5VD
PLL5VA
MEM5V
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
0
1
0
1
0
The following PLL and memory controls are available through the PLL control register:
44
MEM5V
MEM5V is set to 1 when the memory supply is 5 volts. The default value of 0 is used when the
memory supply is 3.3 volts.
PLL5VA
PLL5VA is set to 1 when the phase-locked loop analog supply is 5 volts (default). A value of 0 is
used when the phase-locked loop analog supply is 3.3 volts.
PLL5VD
PLL5VD is set to 1 when the phase-locked loop digital supply is 5 volts. A value of 0 is used when
the phase-locked loop digital supply is 3.3 volts (default).
PLLS
PLLS controls the number of stages used in the PLL. When the PLL5VA is 1 (5V analog PLL
supply) PLLS should be 1, and seven stages are used. When PLL5VA is 0 (3.3V analog PLL
supply) PLLS shold be 0, and five stages are used.
PLLCAP
PLLCAP controls the loop filter capacitor of the PLL. A recommended listing of PLLCAP vs.
Mode is shown in Table 30.
PLLCPI
PLLCHI controls the charge pump current of the PLL. The default value of 0 should be used.
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CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
Table 31. PLL Capacitor Setting
Mode
PLLCAP
Value
0
1
1
1
2
1
3
0
4
1
5
0
6
1
7
1
8
0
9
1
10
1
11
1
12
0
13
1
14
1
15
1
16
0
17
0
18
0
19
0
20
1
21
0
22
1
23
1
24
0
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CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
CIV Control Register
Bit:
7
Symbol: CIVC
Address: 21H
Bits: 3
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
CIVH1
CIVH0
ACIV
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
0
0
1
The following controls are available through the CIV control register:
ACIV
When the automatic calculated increment value is 1, the number calculated and present at the CIV
registers will automatically be used as the increment value for subcarrier generation, removing the
need for the user to read the CIV value and write in a new FSCI value. Whenever this bit is set to
1,
the subcarrier generation must be forced to free-run mode.
CIVH[1:0]
These bits control the hysteresis circuit which is used to calculate the CIV value.
Calculated Increment Value Register
Bit:
Symbol: CIV
Address: 22H - 24H
Bits: 8 each
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
CIV#
CIV#
CIV#
CIV#
CIV#
CIV#
CIV#
CIV#
Type:
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Default:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The CIV registers 22H through 24H, toghether with 2 bits from register 2H, define a 24-bit value, which is the
calculated increment value that should be used as the upper 24 bits of FSCI. This value is determined by a
comparison of the pixel clock and the 14MHz clock. The bit locations and calculation of CIV are specified as the
following:
Register
22H
23H
24H
Contents
CIV[23:16]
CIV[15:8]
CIV[7:0]
Version ID Register
Symbol: VID
Address: 25H
Bits: 5
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
N/A
N/A
N/A
VID4
VID3
VID2
VID1
VID0
Type:
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Default:
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
This read-only register contains a 5-bit value indicating the identification number assigned to this version of the
CH7003. The default value shown is pre-programmed into this chip and is useful for checking for the correct
version of this chip, before proceeding with its programming.
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CH7003B
Register Descriptions (continued)
Address Register
Bit:
7
Symbol: AR
Address: 2AH
Bits: 6
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol:
AR5
AR4
AR3
AR2
AR1
AR0
Type:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Default:
X
X
X
X
X
X
The Address Register points to the register currently being accessed. Since the most significant four bits of all
addresses are zero, this register contains only the six least significant bits, AR[5:0].
Electrical Specification
Table 32. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol
Description
VDD relative to GND
Input voltage of all digital pins1
Min
GND - 0.5
Analog output short circuit duration
TSC
Typ
- 0.5
Max
Units
7.0
V
VDD + 0.5
Indefinite
V
Sec
TAMB
Ambient operating temperature
- 55
85
°C
TSTOR
Storage temperature
- 65
150
°C
TJ
Junction temperature
150
°C
Vapor phase soldering (one minute)
220
°C
TVPS
Notes:
1 Stresses greater than those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the
device. These are stress ratings only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above
those indicated under the normal operating conditions section of this specification is not recommended.
Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect reliability.
2 The device is fabricated using high-performance CMOS technology. It should be handled as an ESD-sensitive
device. Voltage on any signal pin that exceeds the power supply voltage by more than +0.5V can induce
destructive latchup.
Table 33. Recommended Operating Conditions
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
DAC power supply voltage
4.75
5.00
5.25
V
AVDD
Analog supply voltage
4.75
5.00
5.25
V
DVDD
Digital supply voltage
3.0
3.3
3.6
V
25
70
°C
VDD
Description
TA
Ambient operating temperature
RL
Output load to DAC outputs
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
0
37.5
Ω
47
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
Electrical Specifications (continued)
Table 34. Electrical Characteristics (Operating Conditions: TA = 0oC - 70oC, VDD = 5V ± 5%)
Symbol
Description
Min
Video D/A resolution
9
Full scale output current
Typ
Max
Unit
9
9
Bits
36.4
mA
Video level error
10
%
Note: As applied to Tables 30, 31,32, 33, 34. Recommended Operating Conditions are used as test conditions unless
otherwise specified. External voltage reference used with RSET = 360 Ω, VREF = 1.235V, and NTSC CCIR601
operation. Typical values are based on 25o C and typical supply levels.
Table 35. CH7003 Supply Current Characteristics
Description
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Normal Operation
IDD1
DVDD supply current
57
mA
IDD2
AVDDsupply current
9
mA
IDD3
VDD supply current
102
mA
Normal Operation S-Video only
IDD1
DVDD supply current
57
mA
IDD2
AVDDsupply current
9
mA
IDD3
VDD supply current
65
mA
Normal Operation, composite only
IDD1
DVDD supply current
57
mA
IDD2
AVDDsupply current
9
mA
IDD3
VDD supply current
42
mA
IDD1
DVDD supply current
9
mA
IDD2
AVDDsupply current
9
mA
IDD3
VDD supply current
0.2
mA
IDD1
DVDD supply current
<0.1
mA
IDD2
AVDDsupply current
<0.2
mA
IDD3
VDD supply current
0.2
mA
Partial Power Down
Full Power Down
Notes:
5. The above data is typical at 25oC with the following supply voltages: DVDD=3.6V, AVDD=5.0V and
VDD=5.0V
6. Current is mesured in normal circuit configuration with output loads connected; device operating in mode 17
with P-OUT at 2X.
7. Actual current will depend on many factors, including operating mode, image content, output clock
selections, etc. This table is intended as a general guide only.
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CH7003B
Electrical Specifications (continued)
Table 36. Digital Inputs/Outputs
Symbol
Description
Max
Unit
0.4
V
3.4
VDD + 0.5
V
SD Input
Low Voltage
GND-0.5
1.4
V
VDATAIH
D[0-15] Input
High Voltage
2.5
DVDD+0.5
V
VDATAIL
D[0-15] Input
GND-0.5
0.8
V
VSDOL
SD Output
Low Voltage
VIICIH
SD Input
High Voltage
VIICIL
Test Condition
Min
Typ
IOL = 3.2 mA
Low Voltage
VP-OUTOH
P-OUT Output
High Voltage
IOL = - 400 µA
VP-OUTOL
P-OUT Output
Low Voltage
IOL = 3.2 mA
Note:
2.8
V
0.2
V
1. VIIC - refers to I2C pins SD and SC.
2. VDATA - refers to all digital pixel and clock inputs.
3. VSD - refers to I2C pin SD as an output
4. VP-OUT - refers to pixel data output.
Table 37. Timing - TV Encoder
Symbol
Description
Min
tP1
Pixel Clock Period
20
tPH1
Pixel Clock High Time
8
tdc1
Pixel Clock Duty Cycle (tPH1/tP1)
40
tP2
Pixel Clock Period
10
tPH2
Pixel Clock High Time
tdc2
Pixel Clock Duty Cycle (tPH2/tP2)
40
tP3
Pixel Clock Period
10
tPH3
Pixel Clock High Time
tdc3
Pixel Clock Duty Cycle (tPH3/tP3)
Typ
50
Max
Unit
50
nS
25
nS
60
%
25
nS
nS
50
60
%
17
nS
nS
40
50
60
%
Table 38. Timing - Graphics
Symbol
Description
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
tHSW
Horizontal Sync Pulse Width
1
t
HD
Pixel Clock to Horizontal Leading Edge Delay
2
tSP1,tSP2,tSP3
Setup time from Pixel Data to Pixel Clock
2
nS
tHP1,tHP2,tHP3
Hold time from Pixel Clock to Pixel Data
2
nS
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
tp
17
nS
49
CHRONTEL
CH7003B
ORDERING INFORMATION
Part number
Package type
Number of pins
Voltage supply
CH7003B-V
PLCC
44
3V/5V
CH7003B-T
TQFP
44
3V/5V
Chrontel
2210 O’Toole Avenue
San Jose, CA 95131-1326
Tel: (408) 383-9328
Fax: (408) 383-9338
www.chrontel.com
E-mail: [email protected]
1998 Chrontel, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Chrontel PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR AND SHOULD NOT BE USED WITHIN LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS OR NUCLEAR FACILITY APPLICATIONS WITHOUT THE
SPECIFIC WRITTEN CONSENT OF Chrontel. Life support systems are those intended to support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when used as directed can reasonably
expect to result in personal injury or death. Chrontel reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice to improve and supply the best possible product and is not
responsible and does not assume any liability for misapplication or use outside the limits specified in this document. We provide no warranty for the use of our products and assume no
liability for errors contained in this document. Printed in the U.S.A.
201-0000-023 Rev 4.1, 8/2/99
50