PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single chip 2.4 GHz Transceiver FEATURES APPLICATIONS • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • True single chip GFSK transceiver in a small 24-pin package (QFN24 5x5mm) Data rate 0 to1Mbps Only 2 external components Multi channel operation • 125 channels • Channel switching time <200µs. • Support frequency hopping Data slicer / clock recovery of data Address and CRC computation DuoCeiver™ for simultaneous dual receiver topology ShockBurst™ mode for ultra-low power operation and relaxed MCU performance Power supply range: 1.9 to 3.6 V Low supply current (TX), typical 10.5mA peak @ -5dBm output power Low supply current (RX), typical 18mA peak in receive mode 100 % RF tested No need for external SAW filter World wide use • • • Wireless mouse, keyboard, joystick Keyless entry Wireless data communication Alarm and security systems Home automation Surveillance Automotive • • • • Telemetry Intelligent sports equipment Industrial sensors Toys • • • GENERAL DESCRIPTION nRF2401A is a single-chip radio transceiver for the world wide 2.4 - 2.5 GHz ISM band. The transceiver consists of a fully integrated frequency synthesizer, a power amplifier, a crystal oscillator and a modulator. Output power and frequency channels are easily programmable by use of the 3-wire serial interface. Current consumption is very low, only 10.5mA at an output power of -5dBm and 18mA in receive mode. Built-in Power Down modes makes power saving easily realizable. QUICK REFERENCE DATA Parameter Minimum supply voltage Maximum output power Maximum data rate Supply current in transmit @ -5dBm output power Supply current in receive mode Temperature range Sensitivity Supply current in Power Down mode Value Unit 1.9 0 1000 10.5 18 -40 to +85 -93 400 V dBm kbps mA mA °C dBm nA Table 1 nRF2401A quick reference data Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 1 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Type Number Description Version NRF2401A NRF2401AG NRF2401A-EVKIT 24 pin QFN 5x5 24 pin QFN 5x5, lead free (green) Evaluation kit (2 test PCB, 2 configuration PCB, SW) A A 1.0 Table 2 nRF2401A ordering information VSS=0V VSS=0V VSS=0V VSS=0V VDD=3V VDD=3V VDD=3V DVDD BLOCK DIAGRAM XC1 PWR_UP DuoCeiverTM XC2 ShockBurstTM DEMOD CE DR2 Data Channel 2 DOUT2 CLK2 DR1 Data Channel 1 DATA CLK1 3-wire interface Clock Recovery, DataSlicer ADDR Decode CRC Code/Decode FIFO In/Out IF BPF VSS_PA=0V VDD_PA=1.8V LNA Frequency Synthesiser ANT1 GFSK Filter PA 400Ω ANT2 CS IREF 22kΩ Figure 1 nRF2401A with external components. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 2 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PIN FUNCTIONS Pin Name Pin function Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 CE DR2 CLK2 DOUT2 CS DR1 CLK1 Digital Input Digital Output Digital I/O Digital Output Digital Input Digital Output Digital I/O 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 DATA DVDD VSS XC2 XC1 VDD_PA ANT1 ANT2 VSS_PA VDD VSS IREF VSS VDD VSS PWR_UP VDD Digital I/O Power Output Power Analog Output Analog Input Power Output RF RF Power Power Power Analog Input Power Power Power Digital Input Power Chip Enable Activates RX or TX mode RX Data Ready at Data Channel 2 (ShockBurst™ only) Clock Output/Input for RX Data Channel 2 RX Data Channel 2 Chip Select Activates Configuration Mode RX Data Ready at Data Channel 1 (ShockBurst™ only) Clock Input (TX) & Output/Input (RX) for Data Channel 1 3-wire interface RX Data Channel 1/TX Data Input/ 3-wire interface Positive Digital Supply output for de-coupling purposes Ground (0V) Crystal Pin 2 Crystal Pin 1 Power Supply (+1.8V) to Power Amplifier Antenna interface 1 Antenna interface 2 Ground (0V) Power Supply (+3V DC) Ground (0V) Reference current Ground (0V) Power Supply (+3V DC) Ground (0V) Power Up Power Supply (+3V DC) Table 3 nRF2401A pin function PIN ASSIGNMENT VDD PWR_UP VSS VDD VSS IREF 24 22 21 20 19 23 18 VSS 17 VDD 3 16 VSS_PA 4 15 ANT2 CS 5 14 ANT1 DR1 6 13 VDD_PA CE 1 DR2 2 nRF2401A QFN24 5x5 CLK2 7 8 9 10 11 12 CLK1 DATA DVDD VSS XC2 XC1 Figure 2 nRF2401A pin assignment (top view) for a QFN24 5x5 package. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 3 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Conditions: VDD = +3V, VSS = 0V, TA = - 40ºC to + 85ºC Symbol Parameter (condition) Notes Min. Typ. Max. Units 1.9 -40 3.0 +27 3.6 +85 V ºC VDD- 0.3 Vss VDD 0.3 V V VDD- 0.3 Vss VDD 0.3 V V 1) 2) 2400 4 2524 20 3) >0 250 MHz MHz kHz kbps kbps MHz Operating conditions VDD TEMP Supply voltage Operating Temperature Digital input pin VIH VIL HIGH level input voltage LOW level input voltage Digital output pin VOH VOL HIGH level output voltage (IOH=-0.5mA) LOW level output voltage (IOL=0.5mA) fOP Operating frequency Crystal frequency Frequency deviation Data rate ShockBurst™ Data rate Direct Mode Channel spacing General RF conditions fXTAL ∆f RGFSK RGFSK FCHANNEL ±156 1000 1000 1 Transmitter operation PRF PRFC PRFCR PBW PRF2 PRF3 IVDD IVDD IVDD IVDD IVDD Maximum Output Power RF Power Control Range RF Power Control Range Resolution 20dB Bandwidth for Modulated Carrier 2nd Adjacent Channel Transmit Power 2MHz 3rd Adjacent Channel Transmit Power 3MHz Supply current @ 0dBm output power Supply current @ -20dBm output power Average Supply current @ -5dBm output power, ShockBurst™ Average Supply current in stand-by mode Average Supply current in power down 4) 5) 5) 6) 13 8.8 0.8 dBm dB dB kHz dBm dBm mA mA mA 7) 12 400 µA nA 18 19 23 25 -93 -85 10/4 -20/0 -37/-20 -43/-30 -45/-41 mA mA mA mA dBm dBm dB dB dB dB dB 16 0 20 +4 ±3 1000 -20 -40 Receiver operation IVDD IVDD IVDD IVDD RXSENS RXSENS C/ICO C/I1ST C/I2ND C/I3RD RXB 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Supply current one channel 250kbps Supply current one channel 1000kbps Supply current two channels 250kbps Supply current two channels 1000kbps Sensitivity at 0.1%BER (@250kbps) Sensitivity at 0.1%BER (@1000kbps) C/I Co-channel 1st Adjacent Channel Selectivity C/I 1MHz 2nd Adjacent Channel Selectivity C/I 2MHz 3rd Adjacent Channel Selectivity C/I 3MHz Blocking Data Channel 2 8) 8) 8) 8) Usable band is determined by local regulations The crystal frequency may be chosen from 5 different values (4, 8, 12, 16, and 20MHz) which are specified in the configuration word, see Table 8. 16MHz are required for 1Mbps operation. Data rate must be either 250kbps or 1000kbps. Antenna load impedance = 100Ω+j175Ω Antenna load impedance = 100Ω+j175Ω. Effective data rate 250kbps or 1Mbps. Antenna load impedance = 100Ω+j175Ω. Effective data rate 10kbps. Current if 4 MHz crystal is used. 250kbps/1000kbps. Table 4 nRF2401A RF specifications Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 4 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PACKAGE OUTLINE nRF2401AG uses the GREEN QFN24 5x5 package, with matt tin plating. nRF2401A uses the QFN24 5x5 package, with SnPb plating. Dimensions are in mm. Package Type Punch QFN24 (5x5 mm) Min typ. Max A 0.8 0.9 A1 0.0 0.02 0.05 A2 0.65 0.69 b 0.25 0.3 0.35 D/E D1/E1 e 5 BSC 4.75 BSC 0.65 BSC J 3.47 3.57 3.67 K 3.47 3.57 3.67 L 0.3 0.4 0.5 Figure 3 nRF2401AG GREEN Package outline. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 5 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 R 1.235 1.335 1.435 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Absolute Maximum Ratings Supply voltages VDD............................- 0.3V to + 3.6V VSS .................................................. 0V Input voltage VI ....................... - 0.3V to VDD + 0.3V Output voltage VO ...................... - 0.3V to VDD + 0.3V Total Power Dissipation PD (TA=85°C) ............................. 90mW Temperatures Operating Temperature…. - 40°C to + 85°C Storage Temperature….… - 40°C to + 125°C Note: Stress exceeding one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. ATTENTION! Electrostatic Sensitive Device Observe Precaution for handling. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 6 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Glossary of Terms Term Description CLK CRC CS CE DR GFSK ISM MCU OD PWR_DWN PWR_UP RX ST_BY TX Clock Cyclic Redundancy Check Chip Select Chip Enable Data Ready Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying Industrial-Scientific-Medical Micro controller Overdrive Power Down Power Up Receive Standby Transmit Table 5 Glossary Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 7 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver MODES OF OPERATION Overview The nRF2401A can be set in the following main modes depending on three control pins: Mode Active (RX/TX) Configuration Stand by Power down PWR_UP CE CS 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 X 0 1 0 X Table 6 nRF2401A main modes For a complete overview of the nRF2401A I/O pins in the different modes please refer to Table 7. Active modes The nRF2401A has two active (RX/TX) modes: • • ShockBurst™ Direct Mode The device functionality in these modes is decided by the content of a configuration word. This configuration word is presented in configuration section. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 8 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ShockBurst™ The ShockBurst™ technology uses on-chip FIFO to clock in data at a low data rate and transmit at a very high rate thus enabling extremely power reduction. When operating the nRF2401A in ShockBurst™, you gain access to the high data rates (1 Mbps) offered by the 2.4 GHz band without the need of a costly, high-speed micro controller (MCU) for data processing. By putting all high speed signal processing related to RF protocol on-chip, the nRF2401A offers the following benefits: • • • Highly reduced current consumption Lower system cost (facilitates use of less expensive micro controller) Greatly reduced risk of ‘on-air’ collisions due to short transmission time The nRF2401A can be programmed using a simple 3-wire interface where the data rate is decided by the speed of the micro controller. By allowing the digital part of the application to run at low speed while maximizing the data rate on the RF link, the nRF ShockBurst™ mode reduces the average current consumption in applications considerably. ShockBurst™ principle When the nRF2401A is configured in ShockBurst™, TX or RX operation is conducted in the following way (10 kbps for the example only). Continuous 10kbps nRF2401A 8-bit MCU FIFO ShockBurstTM 1Mbps Figure 4 Clocking in data with MCU and sending with ShockBurst technology Without ShockBurstTM, running at speed dictated by 10Kbs MCU 10mA periode 10mA period 0 20 40 60 10Kbs MCU with ShockBurstTM 80 100 140 120 160 180 200 220 Time mS Figure 5 Current consumption with & without ShockBurst technology Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 9 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 240 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver NO nRF2401A in ShockBurstTM TX (CE=hi)? YES Data content of registers: uController Loading ADDR and PAYLOAD data ADDR PAYLOAD Maximum 256 bits nRF2401A Calculating CRC ADDR PAYLOAD CRC NO CE=Low? YES nRF2401A Adding Preamble Preamble nRF2401A Sending ShockBurstTM Package (250 or 1000kbps) YES ADDR PAYLOAD CRC Input FIFO not Empty NO Sending completed? Figure 6 Flow Chart ShockBurst™ Transmit of nRF2401A nRF2401A ShockBurst™ Transmit: MCU interface pins: CE, CLK1, DATA 1. When the application MCU has data to send, set CE high. This activates nRF2401A on-board data processing. 2. The address of the receiving node (RX address) and payload data is clocked into the nRF2401A. The application protocol or MCU sets the speed <1Mbps (ex: 10kbps). 3. MCU sets CE low, this activates a nRF2401A ShockBurst™ transmission. 4. nRF2401A ShockBurst™: • RF front end is powered up • RF package is completed (preamble added, CRC calculated) • Data is transmitted at high speed (250 kbps or 1 Mbps configured by user). • nRF2401A return to stand-by when finished Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 10 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver nRF2401A in ShockBurstTM RX? NO YES Data content of registers: nRF2401A Detects PREAMBLE and Incoming Data Preamble ADDR PAYLOAD CRC NO Correct ADDR? ADDR PAYLOAD CRC ADDR PAYLOAD CRC ADDR PAYLOAD CRC YES nRF2401A Receives Data and Checking CRC NO nRF2401A Checks: Correct CRC? YES NO nRF2401A Set Data Ready (DR1/2) high PAYLOAD uController Clocks out Payload PAYLOAD nRF2401A Register Empty? YES nRF2401A Sets Data Ready (DR1/2) low Output Register Empty Figure 7 Flow Chart ShockBurst™ Receive of nRF2401A Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 11 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver nRF2401A ShockBurst™ Receive: MCU interface pins: CE, DR1, CLK1 and DATA (one RX channel receive) 1. Correct address and size of payload of incoming RF packages are set when nRF2401A is configured to ShockBurst™ RX. 2. To activate RX, set CE high. 3. After 200 µs settling, nRF2401A is monitoring the air for incoming communication. 4. When a valid package has been received (correct address and CRC found), nRF2401A removes the preamble, address and CRC bits. 5. nRF2401A then notifies (interrupts) the MCU by setting the DR1 pin high. 6. MCU may (or may not) set the CE low to disable the RF front end (low current mode). 7. The MCU will clock out just the payload data at a suitable rate (ex. 10 kbps). 8. When all payload data is retrieved nRF2401A sets DR1 low again, and is ready for new incoming data package if CE is kept high during data download. If the CE was set low, a new start up sequence can begin, see Figure 16. Direct Mode In direct mode the nRF2401A works like a traditional RF device. Data must be at 1Mbps ±200ppm, or 250kbps ±200ppm at low data rate setting, for the receiver to detect the signals. Direct Mode Transmit: MCU interface pins: CE, DATA 1. When application MCU has data to send, set CE high 2. The nRF2401A RF front end is now immediately activated, and after 200 µs settling time, data will modulate the carrier directly. 3. All RF protocol parts must hence be implemented in MCU firmware (preamble, address and CRC). Direct Mode Receive: MCU interface pins: CE, CLK1, and DATA 1. Once the nRF2401A is configured and powered up (CE high) in direct RX mode, DATA will start to toggle due to noise present on the air. 2. CLK1 will also start to toggle as nRF2401A is trying to lock on to the incoming data stream. 3. Once a valid preamble arrives, CLK1 and DATA will lock on to the incoming signal and the RF package will appear at the DATA pin with the same speed as it is transmitted. 4. To enable the demodulator to re-generate the clock, the preamble must be 8 bits toggling hi-low, starting with low if the first data bit is low. 5. In this mode no data ready (DR) signals is available. Address and checksum verification must also be done in the receiving MCU. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 12 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver DuoCeiver™ Simultaneous Two Channel Receive Mode In both ShockBurst™ & direct modes the nRF2401A can facilitate simultaneous reception of two parallel independent frequency channels at the maximum data rate. This means: • nRF2401A can receive data from two 1 Mbps transmitters (ex: nRF2401A or nRF2402) 8 MHz (8 frequency channels) apart through one antenna interface. • The output from the two data channels is fed to two separate MCU interfaces. • Data channel 1: CLK1, DATA, and DR1 • Data channel 2: CLK2, DOUT2, and DR2 • DR1 and DR2 are available only in ShockBurst™. The nRF2401A DuoCeiver™ technology provides 2 separate dedicated data channels for RX and replaces the need for two, stand alone receiver systems. nRF2401A Tx/Rx nRF2401A Tx/Rx nRF2401A Tx/Rx Figure 8 Simultaneous 2 channel receive on nRF2401A There is one absolute requirement for using the second data channel. For the nRF2401A to be able to receive at the second data channel the frequency channel must be 8MHz higher than the frequency of data channel 1. The nRF2401A must be programmed to receive at the frequency of data channel 1. No time multiplexing is used in nRF2401A to fulfil this function. In direct mode the MCU must be able to handle two simultaneously incoming data packets if it is not multiplexing between the two data channels. In ShockBurst™ it is possible for the MCU to clock out one data channel at a time while data on the other data channel waits for MCU availability, without any lost data packets, and by doing so reduce the needed performance of the MCU. FRF1 Clock Recovery, DataSlicer ADDR, CRC Check DR1 CLK1 DATA Data(FRF1) FRF2=FRF1+8MHz Clock Recovery, DataSlicer ADDR, CRC Check DR2 CLK2 DOUT2 Data(FRF2) Figure 9 DuoCeiverTM with two simultaneously independent receive channels. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 13 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Configuration Mode In configuration mode a configuration word of up to 15 bytes is downloaded to nRF2401A. This is done through a simple 3-wire interface (CS, CLK1 and DATA). For more information on configuration please refer to the nRF2401A Device configuration chapter on page16. Stand-By Mode Stand by mode is used to minimize average current consumption while maintaining short start up times. In this mode, part of the crystal oscillator is active. Current consumption is dependent on crystal frequency (Ex: 12 µA @ 4 MHz, 32 µA @ 16 MHz). The configuration word content is maintained during stand by. Power Down Mode In power down the nRF2401A is disabled with minimal current consumption, typically less than 1µA. Entering this mode when the device is not active minimizes average current consumption, maximizing battery lifetime. The configuration word content is maintained during power down. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 14 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 X 0 0 1 1 1 Stand by Stand by Stand by Stand by Configuration TX ShockBurst™ TX Direct RX ShockBurst™ in one channel RX ShockBurst™ in two channels RX Direct in one channel RX Direct in two channels 1 X 1 1 0 X 1 Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 Page 15 of 38 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway 1 In = X means the input should be set to either “low” or “high”. 2 Input if DR1 is “low”. 3 Output if DR1 is “high” Table 7 Pin configuration of nRF2401A. 1 1 0 1 0 Power down 1 0 0 PWR_UP Power down X ShockBurst - 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 X X X 1 CE CS 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Phone +4772898900 INPUT PINS X RXMODE MODE SWITCHES Power down nRF2401A MODES Pin configuration for the different modes of nRF2401A nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PRODUCT SPECIFICATION - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 CLK In CLK In CLK In X In CLK In CLK Out CLK Out CLK CLK In direction CLK1 In X In X In CLK In X In X In BIDIR PINS direction DATA In X In X In X In X In X 2 In DATA 3 Out DATA In CONFIG DATA In DATA In DATA Out DATA Out DATA Out DATA Out DATA X In X In X In X In X In CLK Out 0 Out CLK X In direction CLK2 In X In X In X In X In X In 0 0 0 0 DR1 DR1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 DR2 0 0 0 0 DR2 DR2 0 0 0 0 0 0 DR2 0 DR1 OUTPUT PINS DATA 0 DATA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DOUT2 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver DEVICE CONFIGURATION All configuration of the nRF2401A is done via a 3-wire interface to a single configuration register. The configuration word can be up to 15 bytes long for ShockBurst™ use and up to 2 bytes long for direct mode. Configuration for ShockBurst™ operation The configuration word in ShockBurst™ enables the nRF2401A to handle the RF protocol. Once the protocol is completed and loaded into nRF2401A only one byte, bit[7:0], needs to be updated during actual operation. The configuration blocks dedicated to ShockBurst™ is as follows: • Payload section width: Specifies the number of payload bits in a RF package. This enables the nRF2401A to distinguish between payload data and the CRC bytes in a received package. • Address width: Sets the number of bits used for address in the RF package. This enables the nRF2401A to distinguish between address and payload data. • Address (RX Channel 1 and 2): Destination address for received data. • CRC: Enables nRF2401A on-chip CRC generation and de-coding. NOTE: These configuration blocks, with the exception of the CRC, are dedicated for the packages that a nRF2401A is to receive. In TX mode, the MCU must generate an address and a payload section that fits the configuration of the nRF2401A that is to receive the data. When using the nRF2401A on-chip CRC feature ensure that CRC is enabled and uses the same length for both the TX and RX devices. PRE-AMBLE ADDRESS PAYLOAD CRC Figure 10 Data packet set-up Configuration for Direct Mode operation For direct mode operation only the two first bytes (bit[15:0]) of the configuring word are relevant. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 16 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Configuration Word overview General device configuration ShockBurst™ configuration Bit Number position of bits Name Function 143:120 24 TEST Reserved for testing 119:112 8 DATA2_W Length of data payload section RX channel 2 111:104 8 DATA1_W Length of data payload section RX channel 1 103:64 40 ADDR2 Up to 5 byte address for RX channel 2 63:24 40 ADDR1 Up to 5 byte address for RX channel 1 23:18 6 ADDR_W Number of address bits (both RX channels). 17 1 CRC_L 8 or 16 bit CRC 16 1 CRC_EN Enable on-chip CRC generation/checking. 15 1 RX2_EN Enable two channel receive mode 14 1 CM Communication mode (Direct or ShockBurst™) 13 1 RFDR_SB RF data rate (1Mbps requires 16MHz crystal) 12:10 3 XO_F Crystal frequency 9:8 2 RF_PWR RF output power 7:1 7 RF_CH# Frequency channel 0 1 RXEN RX or TX operation Table 8 Table of configuration words. The configuration word is shifted in MSB first on positive CLK1 edges. New configuration is enabled on the falling edge of CS. NOTE. On the falling edge of CS, the nRF2401A updates the number of bits actually shifted in during the last configuration. Ex: If the nRF2401A is to be configured for 2 channel RX in ShockBurst™, a total of 120 bits must be shifted in during the first configuration after VDD is applied. Once the wanted protocol, modus and RF channel are set, only one bit (RXEN) is shifted in to switch between RX and TX. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 17 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Configuration Word Detailed Description The following describes the function of the 144 bits (bit 143 = MSB) that is used to configure the nRF2401A. General Device Configuration: bit[15:0] ShockBurst™ Configuration: bit[119:16] Test Configuration: bit[143:120] MSB D143 D142 D141 1 0 0 TEST D140 D139 D138 Reserved for testing 0 1 1 D137 D136 1 0 MSB D135 0 TEST D134 D133 0 D119 0 D111 0 D132 0 1 D130 0 D129 D128 DATA1_W D110 D109 D108 D107 D106 D105 Data width channel#1 in # of bits excluding addr/crc 0 1 0 0 0 0 D101 0 0 0 D62 … D61 0 …. …. 0 … D127 Reserved for testing 0 0 0 DATA2_W D118 D117 D116 D115 D114 D113 Data width channel#2 in # of bits excluding addr/crc 0 1 0 0 0 0 D102 0 D131 0 D103 D63 D13 OD 0 D125 D124 D123 D122 D121 D120 Close PLL in TX 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 Default 0 D104 Default 0 ADDR1 D31 D30 D29 D28 Channel#1 Address RX (up to 40bit) 1 1 1 0 D67 D66 D65 D64 0 1 1 1 D27 D26 D25 D24 0 1 1 1 Default Default Default Default RF-Programming D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 XO Frequency RF Power 0 1 1 1 1 LSB D7 D6 0 0 D5 D4 D3 Channel selection 0 0 0 D2 D1 1 0 D0 RXEN 0 Table 9 Configuration data word The MSB bit should be loaded first into the configuration register. Default configuration word: h8E08.1C20.2000.0000.00E7.0000.0000.E721.0F04. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 Default D112 CRC D17 D16 CRC Mode 1 = 16bit, 0 = 8bit CRC 1 = enable; 0 = disable 0 1 D14 BUF 0 D126 ADDR2 D71 D70 D69 D68 Channel#2 Address RX (up to 40bit) 1 1 1 0 ADDR_W D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 Address width in # of bits (both channels) 0 0 1 0 0 0 D15 Two Ch. 0 Default - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 18 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 Default PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ShockBurst™ configuration: The section bit[119:16] contains the segments of the configuration register dedicated to ShockBurst™ operational protocol. After VDD is turned on ShockBurst™ configuration is done once and remains set whilst VDD is present. During operation only the first byte for frequency channel and RX/TX switching need to be changed. PLL_CTRL PLL_CTRL D121 D120 PLL 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Open TX/Closed RX Open TX/Open RX Closed TX/Closed RX Closed TX/Open RX Table 10 PLL setting. Bit 121-120: PLL_CTRL: Controls the setting of the PLL for test purposes. With closed PLL in TX no deviation will be present. For normal operational mode these two bits must both be low. DATAx_W DATA2_W 119 118 117 111 110 109 116 115 114 113 112 106 105 104 DATA1_W 108 107 Table 11 Number of bits in payload. Bit 119 – 112: DATA2_W: Length of RF package payload section for receive-channel 2. Bit 111 – 104: DATA1_W: Length of RF package payload section for receive-channel 1. NOTE: The total number of bits in a ShockBurst™ RF package may not exceed 256! Maximum length of payload section is hence given by: DATAx _ W (bits ) = 256 − ADDR _ W − CRC Where: ADDR_W: length of RX address set in configuration word B[23:18] CRC: check sum, 8 or 16 bits set in configuration word B[17] PRE: preamble, 8 bits are automatically included Shorter address and CRC leaves more room for payload data in each package. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 19 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ADDRx ADDR2 103 102 101 …. 71 70 63 62 61 …. 31 30 69 68 67 66 65 64 28 27 26 25 24 ADDR1 29 Table 12 Address of receiver #2 and receiver #1. Bit 103 – 64: ADDR2: Receiver address channel 2, up to 40 bit. Bit 63 – 24: ADDR1 ADDR1: Receiver address channel 1, up to 40 bit. NOTE! Bits in ADDRx exceeding the address width set in ADDR_W are redundant and can be set to logic 0. ADDR_W & CRC ADDR_W 23 22 21 20 19 18 CRC_L CRC_EN 17 16 Table 13 Number of bits reserved for RX address + CRC setting. Bit 23 – 18: ADDR_W: Number of bits reserved for RX address in ShockBurst™ packages. NOTE: Maximum number of address bits is 40 (5 bytes). Values over 40 in ADDR_W are not valid. Bit 17: CRC_L: Bit: 16: CRC_EN: CRC length to be calculated by nRF2401A in ShockBurst™. Logic 0: 8 bit CRC Logic 1: 16 bit CRC Enables on-chip CRC generation (TX) and verification (RX). Logic 0: On-chip CRC generation/checking disabled Logic 1: On-chip CRC generation/checking enabled NOTE: An 8 bit CRC will increase the number of payload bits possible in each ShockBurst™ data packet, but will also reduce the system integrity. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 20 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver General device configuration: This section of the configuration word handles RF and device related parameters. Modes: RX2_EN CM RFDR_SB 15 14 13 XO_F 12 RF_PWR 11 10 9 8 Table 14 RF operational settings. Bit 15: RX2_EN: Logic 0: One channel receive Logic 1: Two channels receive NOTE: In two channels receive, the nRF2401A receives on two, separate frequency channels simultaneously. The frequency of receive channel 1 is set in the configuration word bit[7-1], receive channel 2 is always 8 channels (8 MHz) above receive channel 1. Bit 14: Communication Mode: Logic 0: nRF2401A operates in direct mode. Logic 1: nRF2401A operates in ShockBurst™ mode Bit 13: RF Data Rate: Logic 0: 250 kbps Logic 1: 1 Mbps NOTE: Utilizing 250 kbps instead of 1Mbps will improve the receiver sensitivity by 10 dB. 1Mbps requires 16MHz crystal. Bit 12-10: XO_F: Selects the nRF2401A crystal frequency to be used: D12 0 0 0 0 1 XO FREQUENCY SELECTION D11 D10 Crystal Frequency [MHz] 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 4 8 12 16 20 Table 15 Crystal frequency setting. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 21 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Bit 9-8: RF_PWR: Sets nRF2401A RF output power in transmit mode: RF OUTPUT POWER D9 D8 P [dBm] 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 -20 -10 -5 0 Table 16 RF output power setting. RF channel & direction RF_CH# 7 6 5 4 3 RXEN 2 1 0 Table 17 Frequency channel and RX / TX setting. Bit 7 – 1: RF_CH#: Sets the frequency channel the nRF2401A operates on. The channel frequency in transmit is given by: ChannelRF = 2400 MHz + RF _ CH # ⋅ 1.0 MHz RF_CH #: between 2400MHz and 2527MHz may be set. The channel frequency in data channel 1 is given by: ChannelRF = 2400 MHz + RF _ CH # ⋅ 1.0 MHz (Receive at PIN#8) RF_CH #: between 2400MHz and 2524MHz may be set. NOTE: The channels above 83 can only be utilized in certain territories (ex: Japan) The channel frequency in data channel 2 is given by: ChannelRF = 2400 MHz + RF _ CH # ⋅ 1.0 MHz +8MHz (Receive at PIN#4) RF_CH #: between 2408MHz and 2524MHz may be set. Bit 0: Set active mode: Logic 0: transmit mode Logic 1: receive mode Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 22 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver DATA PACKAGE DESCRIPTION PRE-AMBLE ADDRESS PAYLOAD CRC Figure 11 Data Package Diagram The data packet for both ShockBurst™ mode and direct mode communication is divided into 4 sections. These are: 1. PREAMBLE 2 ADDRESS 3 PAYLOAD 4 CRC • • The preamble field is required in ShockBurst™ and Direct modes. Preamble is 8 bits in length and is dependent of the first data bit in direct mode. PREAMBLE 1st ADDR-BIT 01010101 0 10101010 1 • Preamble is automatically added to the data packet in ShockBurst™ and thereby gives extra space for payload. In Direct mode MCU must handle preamble. In ShockBurst™ mode RX, the preamble is removed from the received output data, in direct mode the preamble is transparent to the output data. • The address field is required in ShockBurst™ mode.1 • 8 to 40 bits length. • Address automatically removed from received packet in ShockBurst™ mode. In Direct mode MCU must handle address. • The data to be transmitted • In ShockBurst™ mode payload size is 256 bits minus the following: (Address: 8 to 40 bits. + CRC 8 or 16 bits). • In Direct mode the maximum packet size (length) is for 1Mbps 4000 bits (4ms). • The CRC is optional in ShockBurst™ mode, and is not used in Direct mode. • 8 or 16 bits length • The CRC is removed from the received output data in ShockBurst™ RX. Table 18 Data package description 1 Suggestions for the use of addresses in ShockBurst™: In general more bits in the address gives less false detection, which in the end may give lower data packet loss. A. The address made by (5, 4, 3, or 2) equal bytes are not recommended because it in general will make the packet-error-rate increase. B. Addresses where the level shift only one time (i.e. 000FFFFFFF) could often be detected in noise that may give a false detection, which again may give raised packet-error-rate. Direct mode will be dependent on the software used in the MCU, but it is recommended to have the same restrictions on addresses for this mode. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 23 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver IMPORTANT TIMING DATA The following timing applies for operation of nRF2401A. nRF2401A Timing Information nRF2401A timing Max. PWR_DWN Î Configuration mode PWR_DWNÎ Active mode (RX/TX) ST_BY Î TX ShockBurst™ ST_BY Î TX Direct Mode ST_BY Î RX mode Minimum delay from CS to data. Minimum delay from CE to data. Minimum delay from DR1/2 to clk. Maximum delay from clk to data. Delay between edges Setup time Hold time Delay to finish internal GFSK data Minimum input clock high Set-up of data in Direct Mode Minimum clock high in Direct Mode Minimum clock low in Direct Mode Time on air, TX Direct mode Min. 3ms 3ms 195µs 202µs 202µs 5µs 5µs 50ns 50ns 50ns 500ns 500ns 1/data rate 500ns 50ns 300ns 230ns 4ms Name Tpd2cfgm Tpd2a Tsby2txSB Tsby2txDM Tsby2rx Tcs2data Tce2data Tdr2clk Tclk2data Td Ts Th Tfd Thmin Tsdm Thdm Tldm ToaDM Table 19 Operational timing of nRF2401A When the nRF2401A is in power down it must always settle in stand by for 3ms before it can enter configuration or one of the active modes. PWR_UP CS CE CLK1 DATA Tpd2cfgm Figure 12 Timing diagram for power down (or VDD off) to configuration mode for nRF2401A. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 24 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PWR_UP CS CE CLK1 DATA Tpd2a Figure 13 Power down (or VDD off) to active mode Note that the configuration word will be lost when VDD is turned off and that the device then must be configured before going to one of the active modes. If the device is configured one can go directly from power down to the wanted active mode. Note: CE and CS may not be high at the same time. Setting one or the other decides whether configuration or active mode is entered. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 25 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Configuration mode timing When one or more of the bits in the configuration word needs to be changed the following timing apply. t=0 PWR_UP CS CE CLK1 DATA Td CS CE Thmin CLK1 MSB Tcs2data DATA Ts Th Figure 14 Timing diagram for configuration of nRF2401A If configuration mode is entered from power down, CS can be set high after Tpd2sby as shown in Figure 12. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 26 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ShockBurst™ Mode timing ShockBurst™ TX: t=0 PWR_UP CS CE CLK1 DATA . ANT1/ANT2 Tsby2txSB Td Toa CS THmin CE CLK1 Tce2data DATA Ts Th Figure 15 Timing of ShockBurst™ in TX The package length and the data rate give the delay Toa (time on air), as shown in the equation. TOA = 1 / datarate ⋅ (# databits + 1) Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 27 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ShockBurst™ RX: t=0 PWR_UP CS CE DR1/2 CLK1/2 DATA/DOUT2 . ANT1/ANT2 Td Tsby2rx CE DR1/2 Thmin CLK1/2 Tclk2data Td Tdr2clk DATA/ DOUT2 Figure 16 Timing of ShockBurst™ in RX The CE may be kept high during downloading of data, but the cost is higher current consumption (18mA) and the benefit is short start-up time (200µs) when DR1 goes low. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 28 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Direct Mode Direct Mode TX: t=0 PWR_UP CS CE CLK1 DATA ANT1/ANT2 Td Tsby2txDM ToaDM Tfd Figure 17 Timing of direct mode TX In TX direct mode the input data will be sampled by nRF2401A and therefore no clock is needed. The clock must be stable at low level during transmission due to noise considerations. The exact delay Tsby2txDM is given by the equation: Tsby 2txDM = 194us + 1 / FXO ⋅ 14 + 2.25us The maximum length of a package (ToaDM) over all voltages and temperatures is 4ms. This is limited by frequency drift in the transmitter and is independent of data rate and frequency channel. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 29 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Direct Mode RX: t=0 PWR_UP CS CE CLK1/2 DATA/DOUT2 ANT1/ANT2 Td Tsby2rx CE Thdm Tldm CLK1/2 DATA/DOUT2 Tsdm Figure 18 Timing of direct mode RX Tsby2rx describes the delay from the positive edge of CE to start detection of (demodulating) incoming data. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 30 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PERIPHERAL RF INFORMATION Antenna output The ANT1 & ANT2 output pins provide a balanced RF output to the antenna. The pins must have a DC path to VDD, either via a RF choke or via the center point in a dipole antenna. The load impedance seen between the ANT1/ANT2 outputs should be in the range 200-700Ω. A load of 100Ω+j175Ω is recommended for maximum output power (0dBm). Lower load impedance (for instance 50 Ω) can be obtained by fitting a simple matching network. Output Power adjustment Power setting bits of configuring word RF output power DC current consumption 11 0 dBm ±3dB 13.0 mA 10 -5 dBm ±3dB 10.5 mA 01 -10 dBm ±3dB 9.4 mA 00 -20 dBm ±3dB 8.8 mA Conditions: VDD = 3.0V, VSS = 0V, TA = 27ºC, Load impedance = 100Ω+j175Ω. Table 20 RF output power setting for the nRF2401A. Crystal Specification Tolerance includes initially accuracy and tolerance over temperature and aging. Frequency CL ESR C0max Tolerance 4 8 12 16 20 12pF 12pF 12pF 12pF 12pF 150 Ω 100 Ω 100 Ω 100 Ω 100 Ω 7.0pF 7.0pF 7.0pF 7.0pF 7.0pF ±30ppm ±30ppm ±30ppm ±30ppm ±30ppm Table 21 Crystal specification of the nRF2401A To achieve a crystal oscillator solution with low power consumption and fast start-up time, it is recommended to specify the crystal with a low value of crystal load capacitance. Specifying CL=12pF is OK, but it is possible to use up to 16pF. Specifying a lower value of crystal parallel equivalent capacitance, C0 will also work, but this can increase the price of the crystal itself. Typically C0=1.5pF at a crystal specified for C0max=7.0pF. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 31 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Sharing crystal with micro controller. When using a micro controller to drive the crystal reference input XC1 of the nRF2401A transceiver some rules must be followed. Crystal parameters: When the micro controller drives the nRF2401A clock input, the requirement of load capacitance CL is set by the micro controller only. The frequency accuracy of 30 ppm is still required to get a functional radio link. The nRF2401A will load the crystal by 0.5pF at XC1 in addition to the PBC routing. Input crystal amplitude & Current consumption The input signal should not have amplitudes exceeding any rail voltage, but any DCvoltage within this is OK. Exceeding rail voltage will excite the ESD structure and the radio performance is degraded below specification. If testing the nRF2401A with a RF source with no DC offset as the reference source, the input signal will go below the ground level, which is not acceptable. XO_OUT Buffer: Sine to full swing Amplitude controlled current source Current starved inverter: XOSC core Vdd Vdd Vss Vss ESD ESD XC1 Figure 19 XC2 Principle of crystal oscillator It is recommended to use a DC-block before the XC1 pin so that the internal ESD structures will self bias the XC1 voltage . The nRF2401A crystal oscillator is amplitude regulated. To achieve low current consumption and also good signal-to-noise ratio, it is recommended to use an input signal larger than 0.4 V-peak. The needed input swing is independent of the crystal Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 32 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver frequency. When clocking the nRF2401A externally, XC2 is not used and can be left as an open pin. Frequency Reference MCU In direct mode there is a requirement on the accuracy of the data rate. For the receiver to detect the incoming data and recover the clock, the data rate must be within ±200ppm, given that the data is "random", i.e. there is a statistical calculation on how often a preamble like sequence is present in the data. The clock is synchronized for any preamble detection, be it a dedicated preamble or part of the data stream. PCB layout and de-coupling guidelines A well-designed PCB is necessary to achieve good RF performance. Keep in mind that a poor layout may lead to loss of performance, or even functionality, if due care is not taken. A fully qualified RF-layout for the nRF2401A and its surrounding components, including matching networks, can be downloaded from www.nordicsemi.no. A PCB with a minimum of two layers including a ground plane is recommended for optimum performance. The nRF2401A DC supply voltage should be de-coupled as close as possible to the VDD pins with high performance RF capacitors, see Table 22. It is preferable to mount a large surface mount capacitor (e.g. 4.7µF tantalum) in parallel with the smaller value capacitors. The nRF2401A supply voltage should be filtered and routed separately from the supply voltages of any digital circuitry. Long power supply lines on the PCB should be avoided. All device grounds, VDD connections and VDD bypass capacitors must be connected as close as possible to the nRF2401A IC. For a PCB with a topside RF ground plane, the VSS pins should be connected directly to the ground plane. For a PCB with a bottom ground plane, the best technique is to have via holes as close as possible to the VSS pads. One via hole should be used for each VSS pin. Full swing digital data or control signals should not be routed close to the crystal or the power supply lines. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 33 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver APPLICATION EXAMPLE nRF2401A with single ended matching network xxx VDD C5 1nF R2 22K 1 2 3 4 5 6 L4 nRF2401 CE DR2 CLK2 DOUT2 CS DR1 C9 1.0pF 18 17 16 15 14 13 VSS VDD VSS_PA ANT2 ANT1 VDD_PA 5.6nH C10 C11 L3 5.6nH L1 3.3nH RF I/O 2.2pF xxx 4.7pF L2 C4 2.2nF CLK1 DATA DVDD VSS XC2 XC1 xxx PWR_UP CE DR2 CLK2 DOUT2 CS DR1 CLK1 DATA VDD PWR_UP VSS VDD VSS IREF 24 23 22 21 20 19 C6 10nF C3 4.7pF 10nH C8 1.0pF 7 8 9 10 11 12 U1 nRF2401 QFN24/5X5 X1 C7 33nF 16 MHz R1 1M C1 22pF C2 22pF xxx Figure 20 nRF2401A schematic for RF layouts with single end 50Ω antenna Component C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 R1 R2 U1 X1 L1 L2 L3 L4 C8 C9 C10 C11 Description Capacitor ceramic, 50V, NPO Capacitor ceramic, 50V, NPO Capacitor ceramic, 50V, NPO Capacitor ceramic, 50V, X7R Capacitor ceramic, 50V, X7R Capacitor ceramic, 50V, X7R Capacitor ceramic, 50V, X7R Resistor Resistor nRF2401A transceiver Crystal, CL = 12pF, ESR < 100 ohm Inductor, wire wound 2) Inductor, wire wound 2) Inductor, wire wound 2) Inductor, wire wound 2) Ceramic capacitor, 50V, NP0 Ceramic capacitor, 50V, NP0 Ceramic capacitor, 50V, NP0 Ceramic capacitor, 50V, NP0 Size Value Toleranc e Units 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 QFN24 / 5x5 LxWxH = 4.0x2.5x0.8 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 22 22 4.7 2.2 1.0 10 33 1.0 22 nRF2401A 161) ±5% ±5% ±5% ±10% ±10% ±10% ±10% ±1% ±1% pF pF pF nF nF nF nF MΩ kΩ +/- 30 ppm MHz 3.3 10 5.6 5.6 1.0 1.0 2.2 4.7 ± 5% ± 5% ± 5% ± 5% ± 0.1 pF ± 0.1 pF ± 0.25 pF ± 0.25 pF nH nH nH nH pF pF pF pF Table 22 Recommended components (BOM) in nRF2401A with antenna matching network 1) nRF2401A can operate at several crystal frequencies, please refer to page 31. Wire wound inductors are recommended, other can be used if their self-resonant frequency (SFR) is > 2.7 GHz 2) Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 34 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PCB layout example Figure 21 shows a PCB layout example for the application schematic in Figure 20. A double-sided FR-4 board of 1.6mm thickness is used. This PCB has a ground plane on the bottom layer. Additionally, there are ground areas on the component side of the board to ensure sufficient grounding of critical components. A large number of via holes connect the top layer ground areas to the bottom layer ground plane. No components in bottom layer Top silk screen Bottom view Top view Figure 21 nRF2401A RF layout with single ended connection to 50Ω antenna and 0603 size passive components Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 35 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver DEFINITIONS Data sheet status Objective product specification Preliminary product specification Product specification This data sheet contains target specifications for product development. This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published from Nordic Semiconductor ASA later. This data sheet contains final product specifications. Nordic Semiconductor ASA reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design and supply the best possible product. Limiting values Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Specifications sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification. Table 23. Definitions Nordic Semiconductor ASA reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the product to improve reliability, function or design. Nordic Semiconductor ASA does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuits described herein. LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Nordic Semiconductor ASA customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Nordic Semiconductor ASA for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. Product Specification: Revision Date: 23.12.2004. Data sheet order code: 231204-nRF2401A or 231204-nRF2401AG All rights reserved ®. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 36 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver YOUR NOTES Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 37 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF2401A Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Nordic Semiconductor ASA – World Wide Distributors For Your nearest dealer, please see http://www.nordicsemi.no Main Office: Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Phone: +47 72 89 89 00, Fax: +47 72 89 89 89 Visit the Nordic Semiconductor ASA website at http://www.nordicsemi.no Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.0 - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Page 38 of 38 - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989 December 2004