PAS5101PE Specification PAS5101PE CMOS 1.3MEGA DIGITAL IMAGE SESNSOR General Description The PAS5101PE is a highly integrated CMOS active-pixel image sensor that has resolution of 1280( H ) x 1024 ( V ). To have an excellent image quality, the PAS5101PE output 10-bits RGB raw data though a parallel data bus. It is available in 48-pin LCC. The PAS5101PE can be programmed to set the exposure time for different luminance condition via I2CTM serial control bus. By programming the internal register sets, it performs on-chip frame rate adjustment, offset correction DAC, programmable gain control, 10-bits ADC, 10-bits output companding, interpolated subsampling and defect compensation. Features Key Specification z 1.3Mega resolution, ~1/3” Lens. Supply Voltage z Bayer RGB color filter array. z 10-bits parallel RGB raw data output. z On-Chip 10-bits pipeline A/D converter. z On-Chip programmable gain amplifier Pixel Size 4-bits color gain amplifier. Max. Frame Rate 4-bits global gain amplifier. 2.5v ~ 3.3v Resolution 1280 ( H ) x 1024 ( V ) Array Diagonal 5.9mm ( ~1/3” Optic ) 3.6μm x 3.6μm ~15 fps @ 1.3Mega Max. System Clock Up to 48MHz Max. Pixel Clock Up to 24MHz z Digital gain stage. z Continuous variable frame time. z Continuous variable exposure time. Color Filter z I2CTM interface. Exposure Time z 20mA power dissipation ( 15fps / 2.5v ). z < 10uA low power-down dissipation. z Window-of-Interest (WOI). z RGB Bayer Pattern ~ Frame time to Line time Scan Mode Progressive Sensitivity TBD Sub-sampling. S/N Ratio TBD z Defect compensation. Chief Ray Angle z Lens shading compensation. Package Type 20° ~ 24° 48-pin LCC All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 1 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification NC PX7 VSSD PX9 SYSCLK RESET PXCLK VDDMD VSYNC NC NC Pin Assignment NC 1. 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 NC 19 6 NC NC 20 5 NC NC 21 4 HSYNC PX8 22 3 NC VDDD 23 2 NC PX6 24 PAS5101PE 1 VDDMA -- Top View -PX0 NC 28 45 PWDN NC 29 44 NC NC 30 43 NC 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 VSSA 32 PX3 31 40 41 42 NC VDDA NC 46 NC 27 NC PX1 SDA VREF SCL 26 PX2 PX5 PX4 NC NC 48 47 NC 25 Figure 1.1 Shows the PAS5101PE pin diagram All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 2 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification Pin No. Name Type Description 1 VDDMA PWR Analog main power, 2.5V. 2-3 NC 4 HSYNC OUT Horizontal synchronization signal. 5-8 NC 9 VSYNC OUT Vertical synchronization signal. 10 VDDMD PWR Digital main power, 2.5~3.3V. 11 PXCLK OUT Pixel clock output. 12 RESET IN Resets all registers to default values ( chip reset if high .) 13 SYSCLK IN Master clock input. 14 PX9 OUT Digital data out. 15 VSSD PWR Digital ground. 16 PX7 OUT Digital data out. 17-21 NC 22 PX8 OUT Digital data out. 23 VDDD PWR Nc, Internal Regulator 1.8V 24 PX6 OUT Digital data out. 25 PX0 OUT Digital data out. 26 PX5 OUT Digital data out. 27 PX1 OUT Digital data out. 28-32 NC 33 PX4 OUT Digital data out. 34 PX3 OUT Digital data out. 35 PX2 OUT Digital data out. 36 SCL IN I2C clock. 37 SDA I/O I2C data. Internal pull high resister is 10KΩ. 38 NC 39 VSSA GND Analog ground. 40-44 NC 45 PWDN IN Power Down (chip power down if high ). 46 VDDA PWR Analog power, 2.5V. 47 VREF ANA Internal voltage reference. 48 NC All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 3 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification 2. Sensor Array Format & Output Timing 2.1. Physical Sensor Array Format Figure 2.1 Physical Sensor Array Format 2.2. Output Timing 1.3Mega mode ( 1288 x 1032 ) pixel readout: H_Start[9:0] = 0, V_Start[8:0] = 0, LPF[7:0] = 1035, Nov_Size_By4[7:0] = 63, H_Size[9:0] = 1287, V_Size[8:0]= 1035, Figure 2.2 Inter-line timing All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 4 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification Figure 2.3 Inter-frame timing Figure 2.4 Inter-frame timing @ Dark masked All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 5 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification 3. Block Diagram & Function Description 3.1. Block Diagram Figure 3.1 Shows the PAS5101PE sensor block diagram The PAS5101PE is a 1/3” CMOS imaging sensor with 1280 ( H ) x 1024 ( V ) physical pixels. The active region of sensor array is 1288 ( H ) x 1032 ( V ) as shown in Figure 3.1. The sensor array is cover with Bayer pattern color filters and μ-lens. The first pixel location ( 0,0 ) is programmable in 2 direction ( X and Y ) and the default value is at the left-down side of sensor array. After a programmable exposure time, the image is sampled first with CDS ( Correlated Double Sampling ) block to improve S/N ration and reduce fixed pattern noise. Three analog gain stages are implemented before signal transferred by the 10-bits A/D converter. The front gain stage ( FG ) can be programmed to fit the saturation level of sensor to the full-range input of ADC. The programmable color gain stage ( CG ) is used to balance the luminance response difference between B/G/R. The global gain stage ( GG ) is programmed to adapt the gain to the image luminance. The fine gained signal will be digitized by the on-chip 10-bits A/D converter. After the image data has been digitized, further alteration to the signal can be applied before the data is output. 3.2. Defect Compensation The defect compensation block can detect the possible defect pixel and replace it with average output of like-colored pixels on either side of defective pixel. There is no limitation in the capability of defect number. This function is also Enable / Disable by user. 3.3. Companding Curves The companding function is used to simulate the gamma curve and do non-linear transformation before the data is output. There are 4 curves selected by setting register Compand_Sel as shown in Figure 3.2 and this function is also Enable / Disable by user. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 6 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification Figure 3.2 Companding curves program by Compand_EnH and Compand_Sel 3.4. Power Down Mode The PAS5101PE can be power down by setting register “SW_PwrDn” or by enable PWDN pin. PAS5101PE supports two power down modes : z Software Power Down : Set register “SW_PwrDn” = 0x01 to power down all the internal block except I2CTM. z Hardware Power Down : Pull PWDN pin to high to power down the chip. The chip will go into standby mode. 3.5. Reset Mode The PAS5101PE can be reset by setting “SW_Reset” or by enable Reset pin. PAS5101PE supports two reset modes : z Software Reset : Set register “SW_Reset” = 0x01 to reset all the I2CTM registers. It’s only reset the register value not reset full chip. z HardwareReset : Pull Reset pin to high to reset the full chip. 3.6. Window-of-Interest ( WOI ) Users are allowed to define window size as well as window location in PAS5101PE. The location of window can be anywhere in the pixel array. Window size and window location is defined by register “H_Start”, “V_Start”, “V_Size” and “H_Size”; The “H_Start” defines the starting column while “V_Start” defines the starting rom of the window; The “H_Size” define the column width of the window and “V_Size” defines the row depth of the window. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 7 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification Figure 3.3 3.7.1. Output timing of WOI Hardware windowing VGA ( 640x480 ) pixels readout ( With 4 dark lines ): H_Start[9:0] = 0, V_Start[8:0] = 0, LPF[7:0] = 483, Nov_Size_By4[7:0] = 63, H_Size[9:0] = 639, V_Size[8:0]= 483, Figure 3.4 Inter-line timing of W.O.I Figure 3.5 Inter-frame timing of W.O.I All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 8 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification 3.7. Sub-Sampling PAS5101PE can be programmed to output image in VGA、 QVGA and QQVGA size. In the VGA subsampling mode, both vertical and horizontal pixels are sub-sampling at 1/2; In QVGA sub-sampling mode, both vertical and horizontal pixels are sub-sampling at 1/4; While in QQVGA sub-sampling mode, subsampling at 1/8. By programming Skip_Analog and Skip_Digital, The maximum sub-sampling rate is 1/32 ( Skip_Analog + Skip_Digital ). 3.7.1. Skip_Analog Sub-sampling ( Skip_Analog ) to VGA ( 640x480 ) pixels readout ( With 4 dark lines ): H_Start[9:0] = 0, V_Start[8:0] = 0, H_Size[9:0] = 1287, V_Size[8:0]= 1035, LPF[7:0] = 519, Nov_Size_By4[7:0] = 63, Skip_Analog = 1 ( sub-sampling 1/2 ) Figure 3.6 Valid pixel = ( H_Size + 1 ) / Skip_Analog = 1288 / 2 = 644 Valid line = (((( V_Siez + 1 ) – 4 ) / Skip_Analog ) + 4) = (((( 1035 + 1 ) – 4 ) / 2 ) + 4 ) = 520 Figure 3.7 Inter-line timing of W.O.I All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 9 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification Figure 3.8 Inter-frame timing of W.O.I 3.7.2. Skip_Digital Sub-sampling ( Skip_Digital ) to VGA ( 640x480 ) pixels readout ( With 4 dark lines ): H_Start[9:0] = 0, V_Start[8:0] = 0, H_Size[9:0] = 1287, LPF[7:0] = 1036, Nov_Size_By4[7:0] = 63, Skip_Digital = 1 V_Size[8:0]= 1035, Valid pixel = ( H_Size + 1 ) / Skip_Digital = 1288 / 2 = 644 Valid line = ( V_Siez + 1 ) / Skip_Digital = ( 1035 + 1 ) / 2 = 518 Figure 3.9 Inter-line timing Figure 3.10 Inter-frame timing All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 10 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification 4. I2CTM Bus PAS5101PE supports I2C bus transfer protocol and is acting as slave device. The 7 bits unique slave address is “1000000” and supports receiving / transmitting speed up to 400KHz. 4.1. I2C Bus Overview z Only two wires SDA ( serial data ) and SCL ( serial clock ) carry information between the devices connected to the I2C bus. Normally both SDA and SCL lines are open collector structure and pull high by external pull-up resistors. z Only the master can initiates a transfer ( start ), generates clock signals, and terminates a transfer ( stop ). z Start and stop condition : A high to low transition of the SDA line while SCA is high defines a start condition. A low to high transition of the SDA line while SCA is high defines a stop condition. Please refer to Figure 4.1. z Valid data : The data on the SDA line must be stable during the high period of the SCA clock. Within each byte, MSB is always transferred first. Read / Write control bit is the LSB of the first byte. Please refer to Figure 4.2. z Both the master and slave can transmit and receive data from the bus. z Acknowledge : The receiving device should pull down the SDA line during high period of the SCL clock line when a complete byte was transferred by transmitter. In the case of a master received data from a slave, the master does not generate an acknowledgment on the last byte to indicate the end of a master read cycle. Figure 4.1 Start and Stop conditions Figure 4.2 Valid Data All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 11 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification 4.2. Data Transfer Format 4.2.1. Master transmits data to salve ( write cycle ) z S : Start. z A : Acknowledge by salve. z P : Stop. z RW : The LSB of 1ST byte to decide whether current cycle is read or write cycle. RW = 1 – Read cycle, RW = 0 – Write cycle. z SUBADDRESS : The address values of PAS5101PE internal control registers. ( Please refer to PAS5101PE register description ) During write cycle, the master generates start condition and then places the 1st byte data that are combined slave address ( 7 bits ) with a read / write control bit to SDA line. After slave ( PAS5101PE ) issues acknowledgment, the master places 2nd byte ( Sub Address ) data on SDA line. Again follow the PAS5101PE acknowledgment, the master places the 8 bits data on SDA line and transmit to PAS5101PE control register ( address was assigned by 2nd byte ). After PAS5101PE issue acknowledgment, the master can generate a stop condition to end of this write cycle. In the condition of multi-byte write, the PAS5101PE sub-address is automatically increment after each DATA byte transferred. The data and A cycles is repeat until last byte write. Every control registers value inside PAS5101PE can be programming via this way. 4.2.2. Slave transmits data to master ( read cycle ) z The sub-address was taken from previous write cycle. z The sub-address is automatically increment after each byte read. z Am : Acknowledge by master. z Note there is no acknowledgment from master after last byte read. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 12 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification During read cycle, the master generates start condition and then place the 1st byte data that are combined slave address ( 7 bits ) with a read / write control bit to SDA line. After issue acknowledgment, 8 bits DATA was also placed on SDA line by PAS5101PE. The 8 bits data was read from PAS5101PE internal control register that address was assigned by previous write cycle. Follow the master acknowledgment, the PAS5101PE place the next 8 bits data ( address is increment automatically ) on SDA line and then transmit to master serially. The DATA and Am cycles is repeat until the last byte read. After last byte read, Am is no longer generated by master but instead by keep SDA line high. The slave ( PAS5101PE ) must releases SDA line to master to generate STOP condition. 4.3. I2CTM Bus Timing 4.4. I2CTM Bus Timing Specification Parameter Symbol Standard Mode Unit Min. Max fscl 10 400 KHz tHD:STA 4.0 - μs Low period of the SCL clock. tLOW 4.7 - μs High period of the SCL clock. tHIGH 0.75 - μs tSU;STA 4.7 - μs SCL clock frequency. Hold time ( repeated ) Start condition. After this period, the first clock pulse is generated. Set-up time for a repeated START condition. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 13 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification Data hold time. For I2C-bus device. tHD;DAT 0 3.45 μs Data set-up time. tSU;DAT 250 - ns Rise time of both SDA and SCL signals. tr 30 N.D. ns ( notel ) Fall time of both SDA and SCL signals. tf 30 N.D. ns ( notel ) tSU;STO 4.0 - μs Bus free time between a STOP and START. tBUF 4.7 - μs Capacitive load for each bus line. Cb 1 15 pF Noise margin at LOW level for each connected device. ( Including hysteresis ) VnL 0.1 VDD - V Noise margin at HIGH level for each connected device. ( including hysteresis ) VnH 0.2 VDD - V Set-up time for STOP condition. Note : It depends on the “high” period time of SCL. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 14 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification 5. Specifications Absolute Maximum Ratings -40℃ ~ +125℃ Ambient Storage Temperature Supply Voltage ( with respect to ground ) VDDD 3V VDDA 3V VDDMD 4V VDDMA 4V All Input / Output Voltage ( with respect to ground ) -0.3V to VDDMD + 1V Lead temperature, Surface-mount process +230℃ ESD rating, Human Body model 2000V DC Electrical Characteristics ( Ta = 0℃ ~ 70℃ ) Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit 2.4 2.5 2.6 V Type : POWER VDDA DC supply voltage – Analog VDDD DC supply voltage – Digital VDDMD DC supply voltage – I/O IDD Operating Current ( ~ 15fps / 2.5v ) 20 mA IPWDN Power Down Current 10 μA 1.8 2.4 V 3.3 V Type : IN & I/O Reset and System Clock 0.7 x VDDMD VIH Input Voltage HIGH V VIL Input Voltage LOW 0.3 x VDDMD V CIN Input Capacitor 10 pF Type : OUT & I/O for PX 0 : 7, PXCLK, H/VSYNC & SDA, load 10pF, 1.2KΩ, 2.5V VOH Output Voltage HIGH VOL Output Voltage LOW 0.9 x VDDMD V 0.1 x VDDMD All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. V 15 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification AC Operating Condition Symbol Parameter Sysclk Pxclk Min. Typ. Max. Unit Master clock frequency 48 MHz Pixel clock output frequency 24 MHz Sensor Characteristics Parameter Typ. Unit Sensitivity TBD V/Lux-sec Signal to Noise Ratio TBD dB Dynamic Range TBD dB Temperature Range Operation -10 ~ +70 Stable Image 0 ~ +50 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. ℃ 16 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 25 26 27 PX0 PX5 PX1 30 29 28 24 23 22 PX6 PX8 21 NC NC NC PX1 PX5 PX0 PX6 VDDD PX8 NC NC 31 20 NC 18 NC NC 17 32 19 PX7 PAS5101PE 33 PX4 NC 34 NC 16 DGND 15 PX9 PX3 PX7 SYSCLK 35 PX2 PX2 PX4 RESET 36 SCL 37 SCL SDA SDA VSSD PXCLK 38 PX3 14 PX9 13 SYSCLK 12 RESET 11 PXCLK VDDMD AGND 39 NC 10 VDDMD VSSA VSYNC 9 40 VSYNC NC 8 NC NC 41 7 NC NC NC NC PWDN VDDA VREF NC VDDMA NC NC HSY NC NC NC E-mail: [email protected] 42 VDDMA PWDN 46 45 43 44 VREF VDDMA HSY NC 47 48 1 2 3 4 5 6 U1 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. VDDMD PX9 SY SCLK PX8 DGND PX7 PXCLK PX6 PX2 PX5 PX3 PX4 PX1 PX0 AGND SDA VDDMA SCL RESET VSY NC PWDN HSY NC 0.1uF C4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 AGND 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 JP1 Notes: VDDMD is 2.5V ~ 3.3V sensor IO power. VDDMA is 2.5V sensor analog power. C1 should close to sensor VDDA and AGND. C2 should close to sensor VREF and AGND. DGND AGND VDDMA 0.1uF C2 6. CONN FLEX 24/SM VREF PAS5101PE Specification Reference Circuit Schematic 17 PixArt Imaging Inc. v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification 7. Package Information All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 18 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification 8. Reflow Profile for Non Lead-Free All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 19 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27 PAS5101PE Specification 9. Lens & Holder 9.1. LarGan 40-900L 9.2. LarGan 40-519C 9.3. MaxEmil SS-4828GA 9.4. 久禾 PEH-0116-03AA All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 20 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] v1.0 2005/4/27