Description Features The GM78L00 series in positive voltage regulators are low- Output Current up to 100mA cost devices providing a simple solution for a wide variety Output Voltages 5V, 6V, 8V, 9V, 10V, 12V, of applications, which requires a regulated supply of up to 15V, 18V and24V 100mA. 3- Terminal Regulators These virtually indestructible positive voltage regulators No External Components Required are protected by thermal shutdown and internal currentlimiting. Most applications require no external components. Internal Thermal Overload Protection The GM78L00 is very versatile. To use them as fixed volt- Internal Short Circuit Current-Limiting age regulators in a wide range of applications, including Available in TO-92, SOT-89 and SOP-8 both local and on-card regulation for elimination of noise packages and distribution problems associated with single-point regulation. They can also be used with power pass elements to make high current voltage regulators. The GM78L00 offers impressive performance advantages over old-fashioned zener diode-resistor combinations, providing lower output impedance and reduced quiescent cur- VIN GM78L00 CIN* VOUT CO** 0.33µF GND A common ground is required between the input and the output voltages. The input voltage must remain typically 2.0V above, the output voltage even during the low point on the input ripple voltage. * CIN is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter. ** CO is not needed for stability; however, it does improve transient response. www.gammamicro.com GM78L00 SERIES V0.1 TYPIC APPLICATION CIRCUITS 1 MARKING INFORMATION & PIN CONFIGURATIONS (TOP VIEW) TO-92 SOP-8 SOT-89 GND VIN 78LVV AYWW 8 7 6 5 GM78LVV AYWW 1. INPUT 2. GROUND 3. OUTPUT VOUT 1 2 GND 3 2 GND NC 1 VV A Y WW GM78LVV AYWW 3 1 2 VIN 3 4 VOUT GND =Output Voltage (05:5.0V, 12:12V) =Assembly Location =Year =Weekly NC GND ORDERING INFORMATION Pro Number VOUT Package GM78L05 5.0V TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 GM78L06 6.0V TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 GM78L08 8.0V TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 GM78L09 9.0V TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 GM78L10 10V TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 GM78L12 12V TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 GM78L15 15V TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 GM78L18 18V TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 GM78L24 24V TO-92, SOT-89, SOP-8 GM78L00 SERIES * For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page. 2 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (IO= 1.5A) PARAMETER Input Voltage VI GM78L05 GM78L06 GM78L08 GM78L09 GM78L10 GM78L12 GM78L15 GM78L18 GM78L24 MIN MAX 7 8 10.5 11.5 12.5 14.5 17.5 20 20 23 24 25 27 30 33 39 100 125 21 27 Output Current, IO Operating virtual junction temperature, TJ 0 UNIT V mA °C BLOCK DIAGRAM INPUT Q3 Q5 Q11 15k Q12 Q10 Q1 5.0k 3.0k OUTPUT 3.8k 0-25k Q4 Q6 2.2k 1.2k 1.9k Z1 Q2 2.85k Q9 C Q8 420 Q7 1.0k GROUND SYMBOL VALUE VI 30 35 40 Power Dissipation PD Internally limited W Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ 0 to +150 °C Tstg -65 to +150 °C TL 260 °C PARAMETER UNITS Input Voltage GM78L05 to GM78L10 GM78L12 to GM78L18 GM78L24 Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature 1.6mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 sec. V GM78L00 SERIES ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS 3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified Junction Temperature GM78L05: VI= 10V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted) CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS * 25°C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=7V to 20V 0°C to 125°C IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance VI=7V to 20V VI=8V to 20V VI=8V to 18V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current MIN TYP MAX 4.8 5.0 5.2 4.75 5.0 5.25 4.75 5.0 5.25 32 150 26 100 25°C 25°C 41 25°C 49 V mV dB 15 60 8 30 mV 25°C 42 µV 25°C 1.7 V 25°C 3.8 6 5.5 125°C VI=8V to 20V IO=1mA to 40mA UNIT 1.5 0°C to 125°C 0.1 mA mA GM78L06: VI= 11V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted) CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS * 25°C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=8V to 20V 0°C to 125°C IO= 1mA to 70mA GM78L00 SERIES Input Regulation 4 Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance VI=8V to 20V VI=9V to 20V VI=9V to 19V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current MIN TYP MAX 5.75 6.0 6.25 5.7 6.0 6.3 5.7 6.0 6.3 35 175 29 125 25°C 25°C 25°C 40 48 V mV dB 16 80 9 40 mV 25°C 46 µV 25°C 1.7 V 25°C 3.9 125°C VI=9V to 20V IO=1mA to 40mA UNIT 0°C to 125°C *Pulse testing tehniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. Thermal effects must be taken into account. ** The specification applies only for DC power dissipation permitted by absolute maximum ratings 6 5.5 1.5 0.1 mA mA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified Junction Temperature GM78L08: VI= 14V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted) CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS * 25°C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=10.5V to 23V 0°C to 125°C IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance VI=10.5V to 23V VI=11V to 23V VI=13V to 23V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current MIN TYP MAX 7.7 8.0 8.3 7.6 8.0 8.4 7.6 8.0 8.4 42 175 36 125 25°C 0°C to 125°C 37 25°C 46 80 10 40 54 25°C 1.7 25°C 4 VI=11V to 23V IO=1mA to 40mA mV V 6 1.5 0°C to 125°C mV µV 5.5 125°C V dB 18 25°C UNIT 0.1 mA mA GM78L09: VI= 16V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted) TEST CONDITIONS * 25°C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=12V to 24V 0°C to 125°C IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance VI=12V to 24V VI=13V to 24V VI=15V to 25V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current MIN TYP MAX 8.6 9.0 9.4 8.55 9.0 9.45 8.55 9.0 9.45 45 175 40 125 25°C 25°C 25°C 38 45 90 11 40 58 25°C 1.7 25°C 4.1 125°C VI=13V to 20V IO=1mA to 40mA 0°C to 125°C *Pulse testing tehniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. Thermal effects must be taken into account. ** The specification applies only for DC power dissipation permitted by absolute maximum ratings V mV dB 19 25°C UNIT mV µV V 6 5.5 1.5 0.1 mA mA GM78L00 SERIES CHARACTERISTICS 5 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified Junction Temperature GM78L10: VI= 17V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted) CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS * 25°C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=13V to 25V 0°C to 125°C IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance VI=13V to 25V 0°C to 125°C IO=1mA to 100mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz Dropout Voltage Bias Current MAX 9.6 10 10.4 9.5 10 10.5 9.5 10 10.5 37 25°C IO=1mA to 40mA Bias Current TYP 25°C VI=14V to 25V VI=15V to 25V, f = 120Hz MIN 51 175 42 125 44 90 11 40 62 25°C 1.7 25°C 4 VI=14V to 25V IO=1mA to 40mA mV V 6 1.5 0°C to 125°C mV µV 5.5 125°C V dB 20 25°C UNIT 0.1 mA mA GM78L12: VI= 19V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted) CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS * 25°C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=14.5V to 27V 0°C to 125°C IO= 1mA to 70mA GM78L00 SERIES Input Regulation 6 Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance VI=14.5V to 27V VI=16V to 27V VI=15V to 25V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current MIN TYP MAX 11.5 12 12.5 11.4 12 12.6 11.4 25°C 25°C 25°C 25°C 37 12 12.6 55 250 49 200 42 100 13 50 70 25°C 1.7 4.3 125°C VI=16V to 27V IO=1mA to 40mA 0°C to 125°C *Pulse testing tehniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. Thermal effects must be taken into account. ** The specification applies only for DC power dissipation permitted by absolute maximum ratings V mV dB 22 25°C UNIT mV µV V 6.5 6.0 1.5 0.1 mA mA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified Junction Temperature GM78L15: VI= 23V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted) CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS * 25°C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=17.5V to 30V 0°C to 125°C IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance VI=17.5V to30V VI=19V to 30V VI=18.5V to 28.5V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current MIN TYP MAX 14.4 15 15.6 14.25 15 15.75 14.25 15 15.75 65 300 58 250 25°C 0°C to 125°C 34 25°C 39 150 15 75 82 25°C 1.7 25°C 4.6 VI=14V to 25V IO=1mA to 40mA mV V 6.5 1.5 0°C to 125°C mV µV 6.0 125°C V dB 25 25°C UNIT 0.1 mA mA GM78L18: VI= 26V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted) TEST CONDITIONS * 25°C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=20.5V to 33V 0°C to 125°C IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance VI=20.5V to 33V VI=22V to 33V VI=21.5V to 31.5V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current MIN TYP MAX 17.3 18 18.7 17.1 18 18.9 17.1 18 18.9 70 360 64 300 25°C 25°C 25°C 32 36 V mV dB 27 180 19 90 mV 25°C 89 µV 25°C 1.7 V 25°C 4.7 125°C VI=22V to 33V IO=1mA to 40mA UNIT 0°C to 125°C *Pulse testing tehniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. Thermal effects must be taken into account. ** The specification applies only for DC power dissipation permitted by absolute maximum ratings 6.5 6.0 1.5 0.1 mA mA GM78L00 SERIES CHARACTERISTICS 7 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified Junction Temperature GM78L24: VI= 32V, IO= 40mA, (unless otherwise noted) CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS * 25°C Output Voltage ** IO= 1mA to 40mA VI=26.5V to 39V 0°C to 125°C IO= 1mA to 70mA Input Regulation Ripple Rejection Output Regulation Output Resistance VI=26.5V to39V VI=29V to 39V VI=27.5V to 37.5V, f = 120Hz IO=1mA to 100mA IO=1mA to 40mA f = 10Hz to 100kHz Dropout Voltage Bias Current Bias Current TYP MAX 23 24 25 22.8 24 25.2 22.8 24 25.2 95 480 78 400 25°C 0°C to 125°C 25°C 30 V mV dB 41 240 28 120 97 25°C 1.7 25°C 4.8 0°C to 125°C UNIT 33 25°C 125°C VI=28V to 39V IO=1mA to 40mA MIN mV µV V 6.5 6.0 1.5 0.1 mA mA GM78L00 SERIES *Pulse testing tehniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. Thermal effects must be taken into account. ** The specification applies only for DC power dissipation permitted by absolute maximum ratings 8 VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE(V) 8.0 VI-VO, INPUT/OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE(V) TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS GM78L05 VOUT = 5.0V TJ = 25°C 6.0 IO=1.0mA 4.0 IO=100mA IO=40mA 2.0 0 0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10 VI, INPUT VOLTAGE(V) 2.5 2.0 IO=1.0mA 1.0 0.5 Dropout of Regulation is defined as when VO=2% Of VO 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 2. Dropout Voltage versus Junction Temperature 10,000 PD, POWER DISSIPATION(mW) 5.0 IIB, INPUT BIAS CURRENT(mA) IO=40mA 1.5 Figure 1. Dropout Characteristics 4.0 3.0 2.0 GM78L05 VOUT=5.0V IO=40mA TJ=25°C 1.0 0 0 IO=70mA 5.0 10 15 20 25 30 35 1000 40 No Heatsink 100 R JA=200°C/W PD(max) to 25°C=625mW 10 25 50 75 100 125 150 VI, INPUT VOLTAGE(V) TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE(°C) Figure 3. Input Bias Current versus Input Voltage Figure 4. Maximum Average Power Dissipation versus Ambient Temperature-TO-92 Type Package 35,000 No Heatsink 25,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE(°C) Figure 5. Maximum Average Power Dissipation versus Ambient Temperature SOT-89 Type Package GM78L00 SERIES 20,000 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 PD, POWER DISSIPATION(mW) 30,000 9 APPLICATION INFORMATION Design Considerations The GM78L00 series regulators have thermal overload protection from excessive power, internal short-circuit protection limits each circuit's maximum current, and output transistor safe-area protection for reducing the Where: qJC = thermal resistance of the case between the regulator die and a point on the case directly above the die location. qCA = thermal resistance between the case and air at ambient temperature. output current as the voltage across each pass transistor is increased. Although the internal power dissipation is limited, the junction temperature must be kept below the maximum specified temperature (125°C) in order to meet data sheet specifications. qJL = thermal resistance from regulator die through the input lead to a point 1/16 inch below the regulator case. qLA = total thermal resistance of the input/output ground leads to ambient temperature. qJA = junction to ambient thermal resistance. Thermal Considerations The TO-92 molded package is capable of unusual high power dissipation due to the lead frame design. TJ However, its thermal capabilities are generally overlooked because of a lack of understanding of the thermal paths from the semiconductor junction to ambient temperature. JC While thermal resistance is normally specified for the CA JL PE(W) device mounted 1cm above an infinite heat sink, very little has been mentioned of the options available to im- LA TA prove the conservatively rated thermal capability. An explanation of the thermal paths of the TO-92 will allow the designer to determine the thermal stress which is applying in any given application. The TO-92 Package The TO-92 package thermal paths are complex. In addition to the path through the molding compound to ambient temperature, there is another path through the GM78L00 SERIES leads, in parallel with the case path, to ambient tem- 10 perature, as shown in Figure 5. The total thermal resistance in this model is then: ( JA + CA)( JL + JA= JA + LA) CA + JL + LA Figure 5. TO-92 Thermal Equivalent Circuit SOP-8 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 0.008 +0.0018 -0.0005 0.200 +0.05 -0.01 0 ° ~ 8° 0.028 +0.013 -0.022 Pad Layout 0.060 +0.33 -0.56 0.710 1.52 0.236 ± 0.008 5.990 +0.21 -0.20 0.154 +0.003 -0.004 0.275 0.155 7.0 4.0 PIN INDENT 3.91 ± 0.1 0.024 0.050 0.6 1.270 Inches ( mm ) 0.191 +0.002 -0.004 4.850 +0.05 -0.10 0.057 NOM 1.450 NOM 0.063 ± 0.005 1.600 ± 0.130 ( Inches ) mm 0.007 ± 0.003 0.175 ± 0.075 0.050 NOM 1.270 NOM 0.016 +0.004 -0.003 0.410 +0.10 -0.08 TO-92 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 4.6 ± 0.1 3.6 ± 0.15 2° 2° 4.6 ± 0.1 2.3 2° 1.45 ± 0.1 2° 14.5 ± 0.5 0.38 ± 0.015 1.27 1.27 Unit: mm 3.6 ± 0.15 1.3 ± 0.1 5° 5° GM78L00 SERIES 3 - 0.46 11 SOT-89 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 4.50 ± 0.05 1.650 REF Units: mm Pad Layout 1.50 ± 0.05 1.400 REF 2 R 0.13~4X R 0.13~3X NO DRAFT~2 3 4.20 ± 0.05 2.5 ± 0.05 45° 6° R 0.1 MAX 1.00 ± 0.07 0.7 0.46 ± 0.025 0.38 ± 0.01 1.50 1.5 1.50 3.00 ± 0.025 1.5 6°~2X 1 R 0.13~2X R 0.13~2X Unit: mm 6°~2X ORDERING NUMBER GM78L00 SERIES GM 78L 00 T92 B 12 Gamma Micro. Circuit Type Output Voltage 05: 5.0V, 06: 6.0V 08: 8.0V, 09: 9.0V 10: 10V, 12: 12V 15: 15V, 18: 18V 24: 24V Shipping B : ESD Bag RL: Ammo Pack R: Tape & Reel T: Tube (Tape) Package T92: TO-92 1,000 Units/ ESD Bag 2,000 Units/ Ammo Pack (Tape) S8: SOP-8 100 Units/ Tube 2,500 Units/ Tape & Reel ST89: SOT-89 1,000 Units/ Tape & Reel 13 GM78L00 SERIES