IMAGE SENSOR Flat panel sensor C9311DK High sensitivity, high-speed frame rate, high resolution Flat panel sensor C9311DK is a digital X-ray image sensor newly developed as key devices for real-time imaging applications requiring high resolution X-ray images. Features Applications l Digital radiography l Real time CT l High sensitivity: 1600 LSB/mR l High-speed frame rate: 30 frames/s l 1248 × 1152 pixels l Flat panel structure wituout image distortion l 12-bit digital output ■ Block diagram C9311DK is a flat panel sensor consisting of a sensor board and a control board. The sensor board also has 16 charge-sensitive amplifier arrays each having 156 ch amplifiers with a horizontal shift register. Analog video signals are amplified as the charge on each video line by 2496 ch charge amplifiers with CDS (Correlated Double Sampling) circuits added, and are output each of 16 amplifier arrays. The control board converts the analog video signal into a 12-bit digital signal and outputs it to an external frame grabber through two 12-bit parallel ports. BUFFER AMP BUFFER AMP T718848 PHOTODIODE ARRAY WITH DIRECT DEPOSITED CsI PORT A SCINTILLATOR T1249 T1 T2 B1 B2 B1249 T2495 T1247 B1247 B2495 T2496 T1248 B1248 B2496 PORT B B717601 B-AMP ARRAY No.1 A/D PROCESSING AMP A/D FIFO VIDEO OUTPUT PORT A (12-BIT DIGITAL) FIFO T-AMP ARRAY No.8 B718848 BOTTOM SIDE SHIFT REGISTER TOP SIDE SHIFT REGISTER T-AMP ARRAY No.1 PIXEL NUMBER T717601 PROCESSING AMP B-AMP ARRAY No.8 EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY A.vdd, D.vdd (not attached) BINNING (bin0, bin1) ExtTrgLemo IntExt OSCILLATOR ExtTrgGrb TIMING PULSE GENERATOR Vsync Hsync Pclk BIAS GENERATOR BUFFER AMP PROCESSING AMP A/D BUFFER AMP PROCESSING AMP A/D Note: Signals are read out in order of pixel number. FIFO VIDEO OUTPUT PORT B (12-BIT DIGITAL) FIFO KACCC0278EB KACCC0278EB 1 Flat panel sensor C9311DK ■ G e n e ra l ra tin g s P a ra m ete r P ixe l s ize P h o to dio de a rea N u m b e r o f pixe ls N u m b e r o f ac tive p ixe ls Readout V id eo o u tp u t (D a ta 1 - 1 2 ) O u tp u t da ta rate S yn c h ro n ou s s ig n al (V s yn c, H s yn c , P c lk ) E xtTrg G rb , E xtTrg L e m o , In tE xt, b in0 , bin 1 S c in tilla to r S p e c ifica tio n 100 × 100 1 2 4 .8 × 11 5 .2 1 2 4 8 × 11 5 2 1 2 3 2 × 11 2 0 C h a rg e a m plifie r a rra y LV D S (d iffe re n tia l) 2 -p o rt, 1 2 -bit 3 3 .3 33 LV D S (d iffe re n tia l) TTL D ire c t d e po s itio n C s I U n it µm mm p ixe ls p ixe ls MHz - ■ A b s o lu te m a x im um ra tin g s P a ra m ete r S u p p ly vo ltag e fo r d ig ita l c ircu itry (+ 5 V ) S u p p ly vo ltag e fo r a na log circu itry (+ 5 V ) In p u t vo ltag e (E xtTrg G rb , E xtTrg L e m o , In tE xt, b in 0 , b in 1 ) O p e ra ting tem p e ra tu re * 1 S to ra g e te m p e ratu re * 1 *1 : N o co n d en s ation . S ym b o l D .vd d A .vd d Va lu e + 6 .0 + 6 .0 U n it V V V in 0 to 6 .0 V To p r Ts tg 0 to +3 5 -1 0 to + 5 0 °C °C ■ S p e c ific a tio n (T a = 2 5 °C , A .v d d = 5 .0 V , D .vd d = 5 .0 V ) P a ram e te r S ym b o l M in . Typ . M a x. U n it F ra m e ra te (s in g le o pe ra tio n ) S f (in t) 2 8 .5 30 fra m es /s F ra m e ra te (a n im a tio n 2 × 2 b in n ing ) 30 fra m es /s F ra m e ra te (fa s t 2 × 2 m o d e ) 88 fra m es /s F ra m e ra te e xte rn a l (sin gle ope ra tion ) S f (e xt) S f (in t) to 1 fra m e /s N o is e (rm s ) * 2 N (rm s ) 1500 e le ctro ns S a tu ra tio n c h a rg e C sat 3 .9 M e le c tro n s S e n s itivity * 3 S 1600 2000 L S B /m R R e s o lu tion * 4 R eso 3 .5 5 5 lin e p a irs /m m D yn a m ic ra n ge 2600 D e fe c t line * 5 10 lin es O u tp u t offse t * 6 65 200 LSB *2 : In te rn a ll trig g e r m o de , s ing le o p e ra tion *3 : 8 0 k V p , a c rylic filte r 1 7 0 m m . *4 : S p a tia l fre q ue n c y at C T F = 5 % *5 : A d e fec tive lin e is a ve rtica l o r ho rizo n ta l lin e c on ta in ing 4 o r m o re c on s ec u tive pixe ls th a t p ro d uc e les s tha n 1 /8 o f the a ve ra g e ou tp ut from the su rrou n d in g pixe ls . In th is c as e , o ne o f the follo w in g c o nd itio ns m u s t be m e t. H o rizo n ta l d e fec tive line : D e fec tive p ixe ls a re c on tin u o us ly lo c a te d fro m the o p po site s id e o f th e s h ift re gis te r o n th e u pp er s id e o r lo w e r s id e. Ve rtica l d e fec tive lin e : D e fec tive pixe ls a re co n tin u ou s ly lo c a te d , s ta rtin g from R o w 5 75 to w a rd R o w 0 in th e up p e r h a lf a re a . D e fe c tive pixe ls a re c o n tin uou s ly lo ca te d, s ta rtin g from R ow 5 7 6 to w a rd R o w 11 5 1 in the lo w e r h a lf a re a . A d ja ce n t d e fec tive line s a re not a llo w e d in the ve rtic a l a n d h orizo n ta l d irec tio n s. *6 : A ve ra g e o f all e ffe c tive p ixe ls in s ing le o p e ra tion a t S f (in t) N o te : X -ra y e n e rg y ra ng e is 20 k to 8 0 k V p . ■ Resolution (Ta=25 ˚C, A.vdd=5.0 V, D.vdd=5.0 V) 100 90 80 CTF (%) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 SPATIAL FREQUENCY (line pairs/mm) KACCB0136EA 2 Flat panel sensor C9311DK ■ Timing chart To acquire images through an image grabber board, parameters that match the following timing chart should be described in the software program or parameter file. Tvc (1 FRAME) Tvdpw 1st ROW 2nd ROW Vsync+ (GRABBER) 1st ROW 2nd ROW LAST ROW He Thc (1 LINE) Hsync+ (GRABBER) * All pulses are counted at the 'High' region of the Hsync+ Vsync+ (GRABBER) LAST ROW DUMMY LINES 1st ROW 2nd ROW Hsync+ (GRABBER) Phe Phd Pg Phe Phd Phe Phd Pclk+ (GRABBER) * All pulses are counted at the riging edge of the Pclk+. * The effective video output is only included in the “Phe” region. The “Phe” region is composed with effective pixel clocks and dummy pixel clocks. * Pclk always flows out regardless of the status for Vsync or Hsync. KACCC0279ED Parameter He Phe 1×1 0 560 16 0 1232 16 24 642 634 Dummy Effective Dummy Dummy Effective Dummy Dark reference Phd Pg Fast 2 × 2 0 280 8 0 616 8 12 654 646 Animation 2 × 2 (30 fps) 0 280 8 0 616 8 12 654 646 ■ External trigger mode (single operation) To acquire images in external trigger mode, write parameters in the software program or parameter file by referring to the following timing chart and description. When used in synchronization with a pulsed X-ray source, X-rays should be irradiated during the Txray period. FRAME TIME (Tvc to Tmax) RECOMMENDATION: 50 % OF FRAME TIME ExtTrgLemo ExtTrgGrb (TTL) Tvd Tvc - Tvdpw Txray Vsync+ (LVDS) Hsync+, Pclk+ and Data 1-12 are the same as internal trigger mode. · Tmax is defined as the reciprocal of the minimum value of Sf (ext). · Txray = FRAME TIME - Tvd - (Tvc - Tvdpw) KACCC0341EB Parameter Symbol Delay time (only external trigger mode) Tvd Vsync Cycle time (internal trigger mode) Tvc Dummy pulse width Tvdpw Note: The numbers of siginificant figures is two. (except Tvc) 1 × 1 mode 100 33 210 (Typ.) Unit µs ms µs 3 Flat panel sensor C9311DK ■ System requirements To operate C9311DK at full performance, the following system and peripherals are required. · PC: IBM compatible PC running on Windows XP · Digital frame grabber card: Monochrome 32 bits or more, pixel clock 33.3 MHz or more, LVDS interface synchronous signal (See the frame grabber manual.) · Power source: A.vdd = +5.0 ± 0.1 V (1800 mA), D.vdd = +5.0 ± 0.1 V (500 mA) Please use a low noise series power supply. (Avoid using a switching power supply.) A optional power cable (terminated with an DB-25SF-N plug at one end and open at the other end; 2 m; see Table 2.) and an earth cable (AWG 18; 4 m) comes supplied with C9311DK. An optional frame grabber cable for interface with the 80-pin receptacle (see Table 1) on C9311DK is also available for synchronous signal, video output and external control. The voltages described above are specified at the flat panel sensor side. The impedance of the power cable attached with the flat panel sensor is low enough but it causes 0.1 V approx. drop. Therefore the voltage at the power source side should be set 0.1 V higher than the voltage specified above. Install a noise filter on the AC power input line to prevent surges on the AC line. The earth terminal must be connected to a stable earth point to eliminate noise from surroundings. Table 1: Pin assignment of 80-pin receptacle Pin No. Signal Pin No. Signal 1 A_Data1+ (LSB) 41 B_Data1+ (LSB) 2 A_Data1- (LSB) 42 B_Data1- (LSB) 3 A_Data2+ 43 B_Data2+ 4 A_Data244 B_Data25 A_Data3+ 45 B_Data3+ 6 A_Data346 B_Data37 A_Data4+ 47 B_Data4+ 8 A_Data448 B_Data49 A_Data5+ 49 B_Data5+ 10 A_Data550 B_Data511 A_Data6+ 51 B_Data6+ 12 A_Data652 B_Data613 A_Data7+ 53 B_Data7+ 14 A_Data754 B_Data715 A_Data8+ 55 B_Data8+ 16 A_Data856 B_Data817 A_Data9+ 57 B_Data9+ 18 A_Data958 B_Data919 A_Data10+ 59 B_Data10+ 20 A_Data1060 B_Data1021 A_Data11+ 61 B_Data11+ 22 A_Data1162 B_Data1123 A_Data12+ (MSB) 63 B_Data12+ (MSB) 24 A_Data12- (MSB) 64 B_Data12- (MSB) 25 Reserved 65 Reserved 26 Reserved 66 Reserved 27 Reserved 67 Reserved 28 Reserved 68 Reserved 29 Reserved 69 Reserved 30 Reserved 70 Reserved 31 Reserved 71 Reserved 32 Reserved 72 Reserved 33 IntExt (TTL) 73 ExtTrgGrb (TTL) 34 Reserved 74 Reserved 35 Vsync+ 75 bin0 (TTL) 36 Vsync76 Reserved 37 Hsync+ 77 bin1 (TTL) 38 Hsync78 Reserved 39 Pclk+ 79 GND 40 Pclk80 GND Unless otherwise noted, signal level is LVDS. 80-pin receptacle: PCS-E80LMD made by Honda Tsushin Kogyo Co., Ltd. Mating plug: PCS-E80FA made by Honda Tsushin Kogyo Co., Ltd. Pins described “Reserved” are prepared for an extention of the future. Do not connect any signal or power or GND to this plug. 4 Flat panel sensor C9311DK Ta b le 2 : P o w e r p in c o n n e c tio n a n d c a b le c o lo r P in N o . C a b le c o lo r S ig n a l 1 B ro w n NC 2 O ra n g e NC 3 G re e n A n a lo g G N D 4 P u rp le A n a lo g + 5 V 5 W h ite A n a lo g + 5 V 6 B ro w n D ig ita l G N D 7 O ra n g e D ig ita l + 5 V 8 G re e n D ig ita l + 5 V 9 R e s e rv e d 10 R e s e rv e d 11 R e s e rv e d 12 R e s e rv e d 13 R e s e rv e d 14 Red NC 15 Ye llo w A n a lo g G N D 16 B lu e A n a lo g G N D 17 G ra y A n a lo g + 5 V 18 B la c k D ig ita l G N D 19 Red D ig ita l G N D 20 Ye llo w D ig ita l + 5 V 21 R e s e rv e d 22 R e s e rv e d 23 R e s e rv e d 24 R e s e rv e d 25 R e s e rv e d N C : n o c o n n e c tio n 2 5 -p in re c e p ta c le : D B L C -J 2 5 PA F -1 0 L 6 m a d e b y J A E (J a p a n A v ia tio n E le c tro n ic s In d u s try, L im ite d ) M a tin g p lu g : D B 2 5 S F -N m a d e b y J A E (J a p a n A v ia tio n E le c tro n ic s In d u s try, L im ite d ) M a rk in g c o lo r W h ite W h ite W h ite - W h ite W h ite - Ta b le 3 : B in n in g s e ttin g Mode 1 × 1 A n im a tio n 2 × 2 Fast 2 × 2 b in 0 (P in N o . 7 5 ) Low Low H ig h b in 1 (P in N o . 7 7 ) Low H ig h Low Ta b le 4 : E x te rn a l s yn c h ro n o u s s ig n a l P in N o . S ig n a l C a b le c o lo r 1 E xtTrg L e m o Red 2 GND B la c k 2 -p in re c e p ta c le : E X P.0 S .3 0 2 .H L N m a d e b y L E M O S .A . M a tin g p lu g : F FA .0 S .3 0 2 .C L A C 3 7 m a d e b y L E M O S .A . ■ Connection Install the digital frame grabber board into the PC by the manufacture’s instructions. When a general-purpose frame grabber board is used, binning or trigger operation for bin0, bin1, IntExt and ExtTrg can be controlled with its digital I/O control. (REAR VIEW) PC/AT VIDEO OUTPUT (12-BIT DIGITAL) Vsync, Hsync, Pclk OS + IMAGE ACQUISITION SOFTWARE FRAME GRABBER X-ray SOURCE MONITOR C9311DK IntExt ExtTrgGrb ExtTrgLemo bin0, bin1 VOLTAGE SOURCE (A.vdd, D.vdd) ExtTrgLemo C9311DK KACCC0280EC 5 Flat panel sensor C9311DK 24.7 18 16.07 DIGITAL OUT FROM SINTILLATOR TO TOP COVER 10.5 * 52.75 EXT.TRG. POWER 54 ■ Dimensional outline (unit: mm, tolerance: ±1 mm unless otherwise noted) 76.75 39.5 11 7 8* 151 * 19 * 78.5 * 87.5 * CMOS FLAT PANEL SENSOR C9311DK 234 (1247, 0) 118.5 * (0, 575) (0, 576) 20 * (6 ×) M3 DEPTH 5 (1247, 1151) 18 CMOS FLAT PANEL SENSOR C9311DK ACTIVE AREA 112 ACTIVE AREA 123 35.8 * ±0.5 187 Window material is carbon fiber (1.0 mm thickness). Weight: 4.0 kg KACCA0163ED ■ Notice · Do not subject the Flat Panel Sensor to strong vibration or shock. (Strong shock such as drop impacts may cause permanenat damage to the sensor.) · Users must take responsibility for implementing X-ray shielding safety measures to avoid the risk of X-ray exposure. · Data listed in this datasheet is defined at the time of shipment. Characteristics may vary somewhat due to exposure to X-rays so take proper countermeasures such as making periodic image correction. · This product is warranted for a period of 12 months after the date of the shipment. The warranty is limited to replacement or repair of any defective product due to defects in workmanship or materials used in manufacture. The warranty does not cover loss or damage caused by natural disaster, misuse (including modifications and any use not complying with the environment, application, usage and storage conditions described in this datasheet), or total radiation dose over 25000 Roentgen (90 kV) even within the warranty period. C9311DK conforms to European EMC directives: EN61326 Class A. ■ Frame grabber cables Frame grabber Cable type No. A8406-41 A8406-46 General-purpose A8406-47 A8406-48 A8406-42 A8406-43 IMAQ PCI-1424 *7 A8406-44 A8406-45 *7: Made by NI (National Instruments Corporation) *8: Made by Honda Tsushin Kogyo Co. Ltd. Cable length 5m 7m 10 m 12 m 5m 7m 10 m 12 m Cable end Cable end open PCS-E80FA *8 PCS-XE100MA+ *8 Note: The detailed information for these optional cables is shown in the datasheet of A8406 series. Information furnished by HAMAMATSU is believed to be reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. Specifications are subject to change without notice. No patent rights are granted to any of the circuits described herein. ©2007 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K., Solid State Division 1126-1 Ichino-cho, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu City, 435-8558 Japan, Telephone: (81) 53-434-3311, Fax: (81) 53-434-5184, www.hamamatsu.com U.S.A.: Hamamatsu Corporation: 360 Foothill Road, P.O.Box 6910, Bridgewater, N.J. 08807-0910, U.S.A., Telephone: (1) 908-231-0960, Fax: (1) 908-231-1218 Germany: Hamamatsu Photonics Deutschland GmbH: Arzbergerstr. 10, D-82211 Herrsching am Ammersee, Germany, Telephone: (49) 08152-3750, Fax: (49) 08152-2658 France: Hamamatsu Photonics France S.A.R.L.: 19, Rue du Saule Trapu, Parc du Moulin de Massy, 91882 Massy Cedex, France, Telephone: 33-(1) 69 53 71 00, Fax: 33-(1) 69 53 71 10 United Kingdom: Hamamatsu Photonics UK Limited: 2 Howard Court, 10 Tewin Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 1BW, United Kingdom, Telephone: (44) 1707-294888, Fax: (44) 1707-325777 North Europe: Hamamatsu Photonics Norden AB: Smidesvägen 12, SE-171 41 Solna, Sweden, Telephone: (46) 8-509-031-00, Fax: (46) 8-509-031-01 Italy: Hamamatsu Photonics Italia S.R.L.: Strada della Moia, 1/E, 20020 Arese, (Milano), Italy, Telephone: (39) 02-935-81-733, Fax: (39) 02-935-81-741 6 Cat. No. KACC1115E08 Sept. 2007 DN