NEW PRODUCTS 7 INDUSTRY’S FIRST SINGLE-CHIP LSI WITH RF AMPLIFIER FOR CD PLAYER µPD63710 Masanori Ogura Introduction The compact-disc player market is now mature, in fact saturated, in the home audio and portable fields. However, this is not the case in the automobile field, where the market is expected to grow at a rate of about 10% annually. The most recent player systems are required to offer high cost performance as well as be space saving by reducing the number of components. Especially in the field of automobiles, a compact disc player needs to be as small as possible because it must coexist with other equipment such as a mini-disc player and an in-dash TV in a limited space. The singlechip LSI for CD, µPD63710, to be introduced in this article has been developed to satisfy these requirements. The µPD63710 integrates the functions necessary for a compact disc player on a Spindle motor CD mechanism single chip, and in addition to existingproduct specifications, contains an RF amplifier and its peripheral components to enhance system integration. As a result, this LSI can reduce the number of external components, helping to create a small and cost-effective system (Fig. 1). Product Outline • Industry-first integration of digital servo L channel R channel Pickup (focus/tracking coil) Sled motor Post filter µPD63710 Signals A to F RF amplifier EFM Data processor D/A converter CD-TEXT interface CD-TEXT decoder TE,FE MIRR,DEFECT,RFOK Digital servo processor FD TD MD SD 4-channel driver Servo D/A converter Microcontroller interface System control microcontroller 4-bit/8-bit µPD78058, etc. Fig. 1 System Configuration Example of CD Player Using µPD63710 Published April 1999 2nd Systems Engineering Department, Semiconductor Solution Engineering Division Fig. 2 Internal Block Diagram of µPD63710 A.VDD Comparator MIRR TEO FEO A3T MIRR comparator Tracking register Focus register RFOK comparator DEFECT comparator Microcontroller interface A/D converter PN LD PD A.GND TEC TE2 TEO FOK A.VDD TE- AGCO FEO RF amplifier block DEFECT EFM FE- EFM Switch SVDRAM interface SVDRAM SVROM MULTIPLIER ADDER interface Noise shaper Output buffer Noise shaper Output buffer x8 oversampling digital filter De-emphasis circuit D/A interface circuit ROM decoder SVCRAM interface SVCRAM Timing generator OSC Digital audio interface Digital PLL Subcode processor CD-TEXT decoder VDD REFOUT TEVCA Auto gain control MD A.VDD EFM E RFI ADDER A.GND F TBAL D C3T EFM demodulator GND B SD C TD CLV processor RFMODE A FBAL FD/TD/SD/MD control ATEST 16K SRAM TEST A.GND FD Memory processor TSTB RF- DACO D/A TSCK EQ1 TSI EQ2 ASY EFM comparator TSO Microcontroller interface PACK RFO AGCI Error correction processor Output processor X.GND XTAL XTAL X.VDD L+ L- R- R+ DA.VDD NC DA.GND DA.GND NC DA.VDD VDD SI SO SCK STB A0 RST FOK MIRR HOLD GND VDD EMPH FLAG DIN DOUT SCKIN SCKO LRCKIN LRCK WDCK TX GND C16M LIMIT VDD LOCK RFCK WFCK PLCK GND C1D1 C1D2 C2D1 C2D2 C2D3 • • • • • • • • • for CD, signal processor for CD, audio DAC, and RF amplifier on a single chip Supports standard-speed/double-speed play back Employs a digital loop filter for 4-channel servo control. Because the filter coefficient is programmable, various filter characteristics can be realized to accord with the CD mechanism used (sampling frequency of digital filter: 176.4 kHz). Realizes fully automatic adjustment of servo system by microcontroller. Offset/ gain/balance for both focusing and tracking can be automatically controlled by microcontroller. Includes a digital attenuation function that can set 256 steps independently for L/R channels as audio output processing. CIRC error correction function. C1: Duplex correction C2: Quadruplex correction (in CD-ROM mode) Includes a x8 oversampling digital filter and 4th-order ∆Σ 1-bit D/A converter for audio. Supports both current output and voltage output pickups Supply voltage: 5 V, single power source Package: 100-pin plastic LQFP (fine pitch) (14 mm x 14 mm) Figure 2 shows the internal block diagram of the µPD63710. Features 1. Integration of functions necessary for compact disc player on single chip The biggest feature of the µPD63710 is the incorporation of the industry’s first CMOS RF amplifier and its peripheral components. In addition, this LSI integrates the functions necessary for a compact disc player, such as digital servo, CD signal processor, and audio DAC, on a single chip, contributing to the creation of a small-size and cost-effective application set. 2. Employment of digital PLL circuit Because a digital PLL is employed for bit clock playback, no external component is necessary for this block. As a result, fluctuations in characteristics due to temperature changes and aging can be suppressed. 3. Flexible setting of filter coefficients The four-channel servo system employs a digital loop filter. The coefficients of each filter can be flexibly set. By this, various characteristics that match the optimum servo characteristics of the pickup to be used can be realized. In addition, offset, gain, and balance for focusing and tracking can be automatically adjusted by a microcontroller, so that the optimum servo characteristics can always be realized without being affected by variations of the pickup and disc. 4. CD-TEXT decode function The µPD63710 has a CD-TEXT decode function (that also supports Mode2), which facilitates the creation of a small-size and high-performance system. Support Tools To evaluate and verify the basic functions of the µPD63710 and to develop the microcontroller firmware, a µPD63710 evaluation board is available. In addition, filter simulation software that sets the coefficient of the internal digital loop filter of the µPD63710 to the optimum value is also available. 1. Outline of µPD63710 evaluation board The µPD63710 evaluation board has a microcontroller (µPD78P058) for system control and the firmware already written to the memory has the following specifications: • Key input from a key matrix board or key input from a personal computer via RS232C interface can be selected. • Under the control of a personal computer, the board can be directly operated with the servo coefficients calculated with filter simulation software. • Because each servo of focus, spindle, tracking, and sled can be individually controlled in the servo evaluation mode, evaluation and verification can be µPD63710 evaluation board 12V Battery CD mechanical board Post filter +audio amp. Driver Power supply LCD-unit µPD63710 RS-232C µCOM LED Socket DAI RS-232C Simulation software Key Key matrix µCOM ICE Fig. 3 Configuration of µPD63710 Evaluation Board Fig. 4 Display Example for Calculating Frequency Characteristics with µPD63710 Filter Simulation Software performed with an emphasis placed on the servo characteristics of the µPD63710. • In the system evaluation mode, the basic operations of a CD player, such as fastforward/rewind, random, and repeat playback, can be verified. By connecting an emulation board with an emulation probe, firmware of a microcontroller can be developed instead of using the µPD78P058 (Fig. 3). 2. Outline of µPD63710 filter simulation software The µPD63710 filter simulation software performs the following simulation for each of the filters for focus, tracking, sled, spindle, and gain detection: • If a specific coefficient is set, the frequency characteristics of the gain and phase under the set conditions are calculated. • By setting a filter type and parameters related to the filter type, the characteristics that can be realized are approximated and coefficients are calculated. • An output wave with a sine wave input to the filter is shown above (Fig. 4). The calculated coefficients can be saved to or read from a file. Future Development NEC has successfully integrated an RF amplifier on an LSI for CD, which has been considered a difficult task. Based on this success, NEC will continue promoting the development of SOC (System-On-a-Chip).