NSC LM95214CISD

LM95214
Quad Remote Diode and Local Temperature Sensor with
SMBus Interface
General Description
LM95214 is an 11-bit digital temperature sensor with a 2-wire
System Management Bus (SMBus) interface that can very
accurately monitor the temperature of four remote diodes as
well as its own temperature. The four remote diodes can be
external devices such as microprocessors, graphics processors that target the ideality of a 2N3904 transistor or diodeconnected 2N3904s.
The LM95214 reports temperature in two different formats for
+127.875°C/–128°C range and 0°C/255°C range. The
LM95214 TCRIT1, TCRIT2 and TCRIT3 outputs are triggered
when any unmasked channel exceeds its corresponding programmable limit and can be used to shutdown the system, to
turn on the system fans or as a microcontroller interrupt function. The current status of the TCRIT1, TCRIT2 and TCRIT3
pins can be read back from the status registers. Mask registers are available for further control of the TCRIT outputs.
Two LM95214 remote temperature channels have programmable digital filters while the other two remote channels
utilize a fault-queue to minimize unwanted TCRIT events
when temperature spikes are encountered.
For optimum flexibility and accuracy, each LM95214 channel
includes registers for offset correction. A three-level address
pin allows connection of up to 3 LM95214s to the same SMBus master. The LM95214 includes power saving functions
such as: programmable conversion rate, shutdown mode,
and disabling of unused channels.
Features
■ Accurately senses die temperature of 4 remote ICs or
diode junctions and local temperature
■ 0.125°C LSb temperature resolution
■ 0.03125°C LSb remote temperature resolution with digital
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
filter enabled
+127.875°C/–128°C and 0°C/255°C remote ranges
Remote diode fault detection, model selection and offset
correction
Mask and status register support
3 programmable TCRIT outputs with programmable
shared hysteresis and Fault-Queue
Programmable conversion rate and shutdown mode oneshot conversion control
SMBus 2.0 compatible interface, supports TIMEOUT
Three-level address pin
14-pin LLP package
Key Specifications
■ Local Temperature Accuracy
■ Remote Diode Temperature Accuracy
■ Supply Voltage
■ Average Supply Current
(1Hz conversion rate)
±2.0°C (max)
±1.1°C (max)
3.0V to 3.6V
0.57 mA (typ)
Applications
■ Processor/Computer System Thermal Management
(e.g. Laptop, Desktop, Workstations, Server)
Electronic
Test Equipment
■
Office
Electronics
■
■ Programmable digital filters and analog front end filter
Connection Diagram
LLP-14
30006101
TOP VIEW
Pentium™ is a trademark of Intel Corporation.
© 2007 National Semiconductor Corporation
300061
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LM95214 Quad Remote Diode and Local Temperature Sensor with SMBus Interface
March 2007
LM95214
Ordering Information
Package
Marking
NS Package
Number
Transport
Media
LM95214CISD
95214CI
SDA14B (LLP-14)
1000 Units on Tape and Reel
LM95214CISDX
95214CI
SDA14B (LLP-14)
4500 Units on Tape and Reel
Part Number
Simplified Block Diagram
30006102
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2
LM95214
Pin Descriptions
Label
Pin #
NC
1
No Connect
Function
Not connected. May be left floating, connected to GND or
VDD.
Typical Connection
VDD
2
Positive Supply Voltage Input
DC Voltage from 3.0V to 3.6V. VDD should be bypassed with
a 0.1 µF capacitor in parallel with 100 pF. The 100 pF
capacitor should be placed as close as possible to the power
supply pin. Noise should be kept below 200 mVp-p, a 10 µF
capacitor may be required to achieve this.
D4+
3
Diode Current Source
Fourth Diode Anode. Connected to remote discrete diodeconnected transistor junction or to the diode-connected
transistor junction on a remote IC whose die temperature is
being sensed. A capacitor is not required between D4+ and
D-. A 100 pF capacitor between D4+ and D- can be added
and may improve performance in noisy systems. Float this pin
if this thermal diode is not used.
D3+
4
Diode Current Source
Third Diode Anode. Connected to remote discrete diodeconnected transistor junction or to the diode-connected
transistor junction on a remote IC whose die temperature is
being sensed. A capacitor is not required between D3+ and
D-. A 100 pF capacitor between D3+ and D- can be added
and may improve performance in noisy systems. Float this pin
if this thermal diode is not used.
D−
5
Diode Return Current Sink
All Diode Cathodes. Common D- pin for all four remote
diodes.
D2+
6
Diode Current Source
Second Diode Anode. Connected to remote discrete diodeconnected transistor junction or to the diode-connected
transistor junction on a remote IC whose die temperature is
being sensed. A capacitor is not required between D2+ and
D-. A 100 pF capacitor between D2+ and D- can be added
and may improve performance in noisy systems. Float this pin
if this thermal diode is not used.
D1+
7
Diode Current Source
First Diode Anode. Connected to remote discrete diodeconnected transistor junction or to the diode-connected
transistor junction on a remote IC whose die temperature is
being sensed. A capacitor is not required between D1+ and
D-. A 100 pF capacitor between D1+ and D- can be added
and may improve performance in noisy systems. Float this pin
if this thermal diode is not used.
GND
8
Power Supply Ground
System low noise ground.
A0
9
Digital Input
SMBus slave address select pin. Selects one of three
addresses. Can be tied to VDD, GND, or to the middle of a
resistor divider connected between VDD and GND.
TCRIT1
10
Digital Output, Open-Drain
Critical temperature output 1. Requires pull-up resistor. Active
"LOW".
TCRIT2
11
Digital Output, Open-Drain
Critical temperature output 2. Requires pull-up resistor. Active
"LOW".
SMBDAT
12
SMBus Bidirectional Data Line, From and to Controller; may require an external pull-up
Open-Drain Output
resistor
SMBCLK
13
SMBus Clock Input
From Controller; may require an external pull-up resistor
TCRIT3
14
Digital Output, Open-Drain
Critical temperature output 3. Requires pull-up resistor. Active
"LOW".
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LM95214
Typical Application
30006103
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4
Supply Voltage
−0.3V to 6.0V
Voltage at SMBDAT, SMBCLK,
TCRIT1, TCRIT2, TCRIT3
−0.5V to 6.0V
Voltage at Other Pins
−0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V)
D− Input Current
±1 mA
Input Current at All Other Pins (Note 2)
±5 mA
Package Input Current (Note 2)
30 mA
SMBDAT, TCRIT1, TCRIT2,
TCRIT3 Output Sink Current
10 mA
Storage Temperature
−65°C to +150°C
ESD Susceptibility (Note 4)
Human Body Model
2000V
Machine Model
200V
Operating Ratings
(Notes 1, 5)
Operating Temperature Range
Electrical Characteristics Temperature
Range
LM95214CISD
−40°C to +140°C
TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX
Supply Voltage Range (VDD)
−40°C ≤ TA ≤
+125°C
+3.0V to +3.6V
Temperature-to-Digital Converter Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise noted, these specifications apply for VDD = +3.0Vdc to 3.6Vdc. Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN ≤ TA
≤ TMAX; all other limits TA = TJ = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Conditions
Typical
(Note 6)
Limits
(Note 7)
Units
(Limit)
±1
±2
°C (max)
Temperature Error Using Local Diode
TA = -40°C to +125°C, (Note 8)
Temperature Error Using an MMBT3904
Transistor Remote Diode (Note 9)
TA = +25°C to +85°C
TD = +60°C to +100°C
±1.1
°C (max)
TA = +25°C to +85°C
TD = −40°C to +125°C
±1.3
°C (max)
TA = −40°C to +85°C
TD = −40°C to +125°C
±3.0
°C (max)
TA = −40°C to +85°C
TD = 125°C to +140°C
±3.3
°C (max)
Local Diode Measurement Resolution
Remote Diode Measurement Resolution
Digital Filter Off
Digital Filter On (Remote Diodes 1 and 2
only)
Conversion Time of All Temperatures at the
Fastest Setting (Note 11)
Quiescent Current (Note 10)
All Channels are Enabled in Default
State
Bits
°C
11
Bits
0.125
°C
13
Bits
0.03125
°C
1100
1210
ms (max)
1 External Channel
31
34
ms (max)
Local only
30
33
ms (max)
SMBus Inactive, 1Hz Conversion Rate,
channels in default state
570
800
µA (max)
Shutdown
360
D− Source Voltage
Remote Diode Source Current
11
0.125
µA
0.4
High level
160
Low level
10
V
230
µA (max)
2.8
1.6
V (max)
V (min)
Power-On Reset Threshold
Measured on VDD input, falling edge
TCRIT1 Pin Temperature Threshold
Default Diodes 1 and 2 only
+110
°C
TCRIT2 Pin Temperature Threshold
Default all channels
+85
°C
TCRIT3 Pin Temperature Threshold
Default Diodes 3 and 4 only
+85
°C
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LM95214
Charge Device Model
1000V
Soldering process must comply with National’s reflow
temperature profile specifications. Refer to http://
www.national.com/packaging/. (Note 3)
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
LM95214
Logic Electrical Characteristics
DIGITAL DC CHARACTERISTICS
Unless otherwise noted, these specifications apply for VDD = +3.0Vdc to 3.6Vdc. Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to
TMAX; all other limits TA= TJ=+25°C, unless otherwise noted.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Typical
(Note 6)
Limits
(Note 7)
Units
(Limit)
2.1
V (min)
0.8
V (max)
SMBDAT, SMBCLK INPUTS
VIN(1)
Logical “1” Input Voltage
VIN(0)
Logical “0”Input Voltage
VIN(HYST)
SMBDAT and SMBCLK Digital Input Hysteresis
400
mV
IIN(1)
Logical “1” Input Current
VIN = VDD
0.005
10
µA (max)
IIN(0)
Logical “0” Input Current
VIN = 0V
−0.005
-10
µA (max)
CIN
Input Capacitance
5
pF
A0 DIGITAL INPUT
VIH
Input High Voltage
0.90 × VDD
V (min)
VIM
Input Middle Voltage
0.57 × VDD
V (max)
VIL
Input Low Voltage
0.43 × VDD
V (min)
0.10 × VDD
V (max)
IIN(1)
Logical "1" Input Current
VIN = VDD
−0.005
−10
µA (min)
IIN(0)
Logical "0" Input Current
VIN = 0V
0.005
10
µA (max)
CIN
Input Capacitance
5
pF
SMBDAT, TCRIT1, TCRIT2, TCRIT3 DIGITAL OUTPUTS
IOH
High Level Output Current
VOL(SMBDAT) SMBus Low Level Output Voltage
VOL(TCRIT)
COUT
TCRIT1, TCRIT2, TCRIT3 Low Level Output
Voltage
VOH = VDD
10
µA (max)
IOL = 4 mA
IOL = 6 mA
0.4
0.6
V (max)
V (max)
IOL= 6 mA
0.4
V (max)
Digital Output Capacitance
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5
6
pF
Unless otherwise noted, these specifications apply for VDD=+3.0 Vdc to +3.6 Vdc, CL (load capacitance) on output lines = 80 pF.
Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits TA = TJ = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.
The switching characteristics of the LM95214 fully meet or exceed the published specifications of the SMBus version 2.0. The
following parameters are the timing relationships between SMBCLK and SMBDAT signals related to the LM95214. They adhere
to but are not necessarily the SMBus bus specifications.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Typical
(Note 6)
Limits
(Note 7)
Units
(Limit)
100
10
kHz (max)
kHz (min)
fSMB
SMBus Clock Frequency
tLOW
SMBus Clock Low Time
from VIN(0)max to VIN(0)max
4.7
25
µs (min)
ms (max)
tHIGH
SMBus Clock High Time
from VIN(1)min to VIN(1)min
4.0
µs (min)
tR,SMB
SMBus Rise Time
(Note 12)
1
µs (max)
tF,SMB
SMBus Fall Time
(Note 13)
0.3
µs (max)
tOF
Output Fall Time
CL = 400 pF,
IO = 3 mA, (Note 13)
250
ns (max)
tTIMEOUT
SMBDAT and SMBCLK Time Low for Reset of
Serial Interface (Note 14)
25
35
ms (min)
ms (max)
tSU;DAT
Data In Setup Time to SMBCLK High
250
ns (min)
tHD;DAT
Data Out Stable after SMBCLK Low
300
1075
ns (min)
ns (max)
tHD;STA
Start Condition SMBDAT Low to SMBCLK Low
(Start condition hold before the first clock falling
edge)
100
ns (min)
tSU;STO
Stop Condition SMBCLK High to SMBDAT Low
(Stop Condition Setup)
100
ns (min)
tSU;STA
SMBus Repeated Start-Condition Setup Time,
SMBCLK High to SMBDAT Low
0.6
µs (min)
SMBus Free Time Between Stop and Start
Conditions
1.3
µs (min)
tBUF
SMBus Communication
30006109
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. DC and AC electrical specifications do not apply when operating
the device beyond its rated operating conditions.
Note 2: When the input voltage (VI) at any pin exceeds the power supplies (VI < GND or VI > VDD), the current at that pin should be limited to 5 mA.
Parasitic components and or ESD protection circuitry are shown in the table below for the LM95214's pins.
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LM95214
SMBus DIGITAL SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
LM95214
Pin #
Label
Circuit
1
NC
–
2
VDD
A
3
D4+
A
4
D3+
A
5
D-
A
6
D2+
A
7
D1+
A
8
GND
–
Circuits for Pin ESD Protection Structure
Circuit A
9
A0
B
10
TCRIT1
B
11
TCRIT2
B
12
SMBDAT
B
13
SMBCLK
B
14
TCRIT2
B
Circuit B
Note 3: Reflow temperature profiles are different for packages containing lead (Pb) than for those that do not.
Note 4: Human body model, 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor. Machine model, 200 pF discharged directly into each pin. Charged Device Model
(CDM) simulates a pin slowly acquiring charge (such as from a device sliding down the feeder in an automated assembler) then rapidly being discharged.
Note 5: Thermal resistance junction-to-ambient when attached to a 4 layer printed circuit board per JEDEC standard JESD51-7:
– 14-lead LLP = 90°C/W (no thermal vias, no airflow)
– 14-lead LLP = 63°C/W (1 thermal via, no airflow)
– 14-lead LLP = 43°C/W (6 thermal vias, no airflow)
– 14-lead LLP = 31°C/W (6 thermal vias, 900 ln. ft. / min. airflow)
Note, all quoted values include +15% error factor from nominal value.
Note 6: Typicals are at TA = 25°C and represent most likely parametric norm.
Note 7: Limits are guaranteed to National's AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level).
Note 8: Local temperature accuracy does not include the effects of self-heating. The rise in temperature due to self-heating is the product of the internal power
dissipation of the LM95214 and the thermal resistance. See (Note 5) for the thermal resistance to be used in the self-heating calculation.
Note 9: The accuracy of the LM95214CISD is guaranteed when using a typical MMBT3904 diode-connected transistor. For further information on other thermal
diodes see applications Section 3.1 "Diode Non-ideality" or send email to [email protected].
Note 10: Quiescent current will not increase substantially with an SMBus communication.
Note 11: This specification is provided only to indicate how often temperature data is updated. The LM95214 can be read at any time without regard to conversion
state (and will yield last conversion result).
Note 12: The output rise time is measured from (VIN(0)max − 0.15V) to (VIN(1)min + 0.15V).
Note 13: The output fall time is measured from (VIN(1)min + 0.15V) to (VIN(0)max − 0.15V).
Note 14: Holding the SMBDAT and/or SMBCLK lines Low for a time interval greater than tTIMEOUT will reset the LM95214's SMBus state machine, therefore setting
SMBDAT and SMBCLK pins to a high impedance state.
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LM95214
Typical Performance Characteristics
Conversion Rate Effect on
Average Power Supply Current
Thermal Diode Capacitor or PCB
Leakage Current Effect on
Remote Diode Temperature Reading
30006106
30006123
Remote Temperature Reading Sensitivity to
Thermal Diode Filter Capacitance
30006107
Diode fault detection circuitry in the LM95214 can detect the
absence or fault state of a remote diode: whether D+ is shorted to VDD, D- or ground, or whether D+ is floating.
The LM95214 TCRIT1, TCRIT2 and TCRIT3 active low outputs are triggered when any unmasked channel exceeds its
corresponding programmable limit and can be used to shutdown the system, to turn on the system fans or as a microcontroller interrupt function. The current status of the
TCRIT1, TCRIT2 and TCRIT3 pins can be read back from the
status registers via the SMBus interface. Two of the remote
channels have two separate limits each that control the
TCRIT1 and TCRIT2 pins. The remaining two channels and
the local channel each have one limit to control both the
TCRIT1 and TCRIT2 pins. The TCRIT3 pin shares the limits
of the TCRIT2 pin but allows for different masking options. All
limits have a shared programmable hysteresis register.
Remote Diode 1 and 2 temperature channels have programmable digital filters while the other two remote temperature channels utilize a fault-queue in order to avoid false
triggering the TCRIT pins.
LM95214 has a three-level address pin to connect up to 3
devices to the same SMBus master. LM95214 also has pro-
1.0 Functional Description
LM95214 is an 11-bit digital temperature sensor with a 2-wire
System Management Bus (SMBus) interface that can monitor
the temperature of four remote diodes as well as its own temperature. The LM95214 can be used to very accurately monitor the temperature of up to four external devices such as
microprocessors, graphics processors or diode-connected
2N3904 transistor. Any device whose thermal diode can be
modeled by an MMBT3904 transistor will work well with the
LM95214.
The LM95214 reports temperature in two different formats for
+127.875°C/–128°C range and 0°C/255°C range. The
LM95214 has a Sigma-Delta ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) core which provides the first level of noise imunity. For
improved performance in a noisy environment the LM95214
includes programmable digital filters for Remote Diode 1 and
2 temperature readings. When the digital filters are invoked
the resolution for Remote Diode 1 and 2 readings increases
to 0.03125°C. For maximum flexibility and best accuracy the
LM95214 includes offset registers that allow calibration of
other diode types.
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LM95214
grammable conversion rate register as well as a shutdown
mode for power savings. One round of conversions can be
triggered in shutdown mode by writing to the one-shot register
through the SMBus interface. LM95214 can be programmed
to turn off unused channels for more power savings.
The LM95214 register set has an 8-bit data structure and includes:
1. Temperature Value Registers with signed format
— Most-Significant-Byte (MSB) and Least-SignificantByte (LSB) Local Temperature
— MSB and LSB Remote Temperature 1
— MSB and LSB Remote Temperature 2
— MSB and LSB Remote Temperature 3
— MSB and LSB Remote Temperature 4
2. Temperature Value Registers with unsigned format
— MSB and LSB Remote Temperature 1
— MSB and LSB Remote Temperature 2
— MSB and LSB Remote Temperature 3
— MSB and LSB Remote Temperature 4
3. Diode Configuration Registers
— Diode Model Select
— Remote 1 Offset
— Remote 2 Offset
— Remote 3 Offset
— Remote 4 Offset
4. General Configuration Registers
— Configuration (Standby, Fault Queue enable for
Remote 3 and 4; Conversion Rate)
— Channel Conversion Enable
— Filter Setting for Remote 1 and 2
— 1-Shot
5. Status Registers
— Main Status Register (Busy bit, Not Ready, Status
Register 1 to 4 Flags)
— Status 1 (diode fault)
— Status 2 (TCRIT1)
— Status 3 (TCRIT2)
— Status 4 (TCRIT3)
6. Mask Registers
— TCRIT1 Mask
— TCRIT2 Mask
— TCRIT3 Mask
7. Limit Registers
— Local Tcrit Limit
— Remote 1 Tcrit-1 Limit
— Remote 2 Tcrit-1 Limit
— Remote 3 Tcrit Limit
— Remote 4 Tcrit Limit
— Remote 1 Tcrit-2 and Tcrit-3 Limit
— Remote 2 Tcrit-2 and Tcrit-3 Limit
— Common Tcrit Hysteresis
8. Manufacturer ID Register
9. Revision ID Register
the conversion process the busy bit (D7) in Status register
(02h) is high. The conversion rate may be modified by the
Conversion Rate bits found in the Configuration Register
(03h). When the conversion rate is modified a delay is inserted between each round of conversions, the actual time for
each round remains at 190 ms (typical all channels enabled).
The time a round takes depends on the number of channels
that are on. Different conversion rates will cause the LM95214
to draw different amounts of average supply current as shown
in Figure 1. This curve assumes all the channels are on. If
channels are turned off the average current will drop since the
round robin time will decrease and the shutdown time will increase during each conversion interval.
30006106
FIGURE 1. Conversion Rate Effect on Power Supply
Current
1.2 POWER-ON-DEFAULT STATES
LM95214 always powers up to these known default states.
The LM95214 remains in these states until after the first conversion.
1. All Temperature readings set to 0°C until the end of the
first conversion
2. Remote offset for all channels 0°C
3. Configuration: Active converting, Fault Queue enabled
for Remote 3 and 4
4. Continuous conversion with all channels enabled,
time = 1s
5. Enhanced digital filter enabled for Remote 1 and 2
6. Status Registers depends on state of thermal diode
inputs
7. Local and Remote Temperature Limits for TCRIT1,
TCRIT2 and TCRIT3 outputs:
Output
Temperature Channel Limit
Pin
Remote Remote Remote Remote Local
4
(°C)
TCRIT1 Masked, Masked,
85
85
1.1 CONVERSION SEQUENCE
The LM95214 takes approximately 190 ms to convert the Local Temperature, Remote Temperatures 1 through 4, and to
update all of its registers. These conversions for each thermal
diode are addressed in a round robin sequence. Only during
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3
(°C)
TCRIT2
85
85
TCRIT3
85
85
8.
10
2
(°C)
1
(°C)
(°C)
110
110
Masked,
85
85
85
85
Masked, Masked, Masked,
85
85
85
Manufacturers ID set to 01h
unused channels will reduce the average power consumption
of LM95214.
Revision ID set to 7Bh
1.3 SMBus INTERFACE
The LM95214 operates as a slave on the SMBus, so the
SMBCLK line is an input and the SMBDAT line is bidirectional.
The LM95214 never drives the SMBCLK line and it does not
support clock stretching. According to SMBus specifications,
the LM95214 has a 7-bit slave address. Three SMBus device
address can be selected by connecting A0 (pin 6) to either
Low, Mid-Supply or High voltages. The LM95214 has the following SMBus slave address:
A0 Pin State
1.4.1 Digital Filter
In order to suppress erroneous remote temperature readings
due to noise as well as increase the resolution of the temperature, the LM95214 incorporates a digital filter for Remote 1
and 2 Temperature Channels. When a filter is enabled the
filtered readings are used for the TCRIT comparisons. There
are two possible digital filter settings that are enabled through
the Filter Setting Register at register address 0Fh. The filter
for each channel can be set according to the following table:
SMBus Device Address A[6:0]
Hex
R1F[1:0] or R2F[1:0]
Binary
Filter Setting
Low
18h
001 1000
0
Mid-Supply
4Dh
100 1101
0
1
High
4Eh
100 1110
1
0
Reserved
1
1
Enhanced Filter (Filter with
transient noise clipping)
1.4 TEMPERATURE CONVERSION SEQUENCE
Each of the 5 temperature channels of LM95214 can be
turned OFF independent from each other via the Channel
Enable Register. Turning off unused channels will increase
the conversion speed in the fastest conversion speed mode.
If the slower conversion speed settings are used, disabling
No Filter
Filter (equivalent to Level 2
filter of the LM86/LM89)
Figure 2 describes the filter output in response to a step input
and an impulse input.
30006125
a) Seventeen and fifty degree step
response
0
30006126
b) Impulse response with input
transients less than 4°C
30006127
c) Impulse response with input
transients great than 4°C
FIGURE 2. Filter Impulse and Step Response Curves
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LM95214
9.
LM95214
conversions for the TCRIT1, TCRIT2 and TCRIT3 pins to deactivate.
30006128
FIGURE 3. Digital Filter Response in a typical Intel
processor on a 65 nm or 90 nm process. The filter curves
were purposely offset for clarity.
30006129
Figure 3 shows the filter in use in a typical system. Note that
the two curves have been purposely offset for clarity. Inserting
the filter does not induce an offset as shown.
FIGURE 4. Fault Queue Response Diagram (with 0°C
hysteresis)
1.5 FAULT QUEUE
In order to suppress erroneous TCRIT1,TCRIT2 and
TCRIT3 triggering the LM95214 incorporates a Fault Queue
for the unfiltered remote channels 3 and 4. The Fault Queue
acts to ensure the remote temperature measurement of these
channels is genuinely beyond the corresponding Tcrit limit by
not triggering until three consecutive out of limit measurements have been made, see Figure 4 for an example. The
Fault Queue defaults on upon power-up. The fault queue for
channels 3 and 4 can be turned ON or OFF via bits 0 and 1
of the Configuration Register. When the fault queue is enabled, the TCRIT1, TCRIT2 and TCRIT3 pins will be triggered
if the temperature is above the Tcrit limit for 3 consecutive
conversions and the corresponding mask bit is 0 in the TCRIT
Mask registers. Similarly the temperature needs to be below
the Tcrit limit minus the hysteresis value for three consecutive
1.6 TEMPERATURE DATA FORMAT
Temperature data can only be read from the Local and Remote Temperature value registers. The data format for all
temperature values is left justified 16-bit word available in two
8-bit registers. Unused bits will always report "0". All temperature data is clamped and will not roll over when a temperature exceeds full-scale value.
Remote temperature data for all channels can be represented
by an 11-bit, two's complement word or unsigned binary word
with an LSb (Least Significant Bit) equal to 0.125°C.
11-bit, 2's complement (10-bit plus sign)
Temperature
Digital Output
Binary
Hex
+125°C
0111 1101 0000 0000
7D00h
+25°C
0001 1001 0000 0000
1900h
+1°C
0000 0001 0000 0000
0100h
+0.125°C
0000 0000 0010 0000
0020h
0°C
0000 0000 0000 0000
0000h
−0.125°C
1111 1111 1110 0000
FFE0h
−1°C
1111 1111 0000 0000
FF00h
−25°C
1110 0111 0000 0000
E700h
−55°C
1100 1001 0000 0000
C900h
11-bit, unsigned binary
Temperature
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12
Digital Output
Binary
Hex
+255.875°C
1111 1111 1110 0000
FFE0h
+255°C
1111 1111 0000 0000
FF00h
+201°C
1100 1001 0000 0000
C900h
+125°C
0111 1101 0000 0000
7D00h
+25°C
0001 1001 0000 0000
1900h
+1°C
0000 0001 0000 0000
0100h
Temperature
Digital Output
Digital Output
Binary
Hex
Binary
Hex
+0.125°C
0000 0000 0010 0000
0020h
0°C
0000 0000 0000 0000
0000h
0°C
0000 0000 0000 0000
0000h
−0.125°C
1111 1111 1110 0000
FFE0h
When the digital filter is enabled on Remote 1 and 2 channels
temperature data is represented by a 13-bit unsigned binary
or 12-bit plus sign (two's complement) word with an LSb equal
to 0.03125°C.
Digital Output
Binary
Hex
+125°C
0111 1101 0000 0000
7D00h
+25°C
0001 1001 0000 0000
1900h
+1°C
0000 0001 0000 0000
0100h
+0.03125°C
0000 0000 0000 1000
0008h
0°C
0000 0000 0000 0000
0000h
−0.03125°C
1111 1111 1111 1000
FFF8h
−1°C
1111 1111 0000 0000
FF00h
−25°C
1110 0111 0000 0000
E700h
−55°C
1100 1001 0000 0000
C900h
Digital Output
Binary
Hex
+255.875°C
1111 1111 1110 0000
FFE0h
+255°C
1111 1111 0000 0000
FF00h
+201°C
1100 1001 0000 0000
C900h
+125°C
0111 1101 0000 0000
7D00h
+25°C
0001 1001 0000 0000
1900h
+1°C
0000 0001 0000 0000
0100h
+0.03125°C
0000 0000 0000 1000
0008h
0°C
0000 0000 0000 0000
0000h
Local Temperature data is only represented by an 11-bit,
two's complement, word with an LSb equal to 0.125°C.
11-bit, 2's complement (10-bit plus sign)
Temperature
Digital Output
Binary
Hex
+125°C
0111 1101 0000 0000
7D00h
+25°C
0001 1001 0000 0000
1900h
+1°C
0000 0001 0000 0000
0100h
+0.125°C
0000 0000 0010 0000
0020h
FF00h
1110 0111 0000 0000
E700h
−55°C
1100 1001 0000 0000
C900h
1.8 TCRIT1, TCRIT2, and TCRIT3 OUTPUTS
The LM95214's TCRIT pins are active-low open-drain outputs
and do not include internal pull-up resistors. A “high” level will
not be observed on these pins until pull-up current is provided
by some external source, typically a pull-up resistor. Choice
of resistor value depends on many system factors but, in general, the pull-up resistor should be as large as possible without
effecting the performance of the device receiving the signal.
This will minimize any internal temperature reading errors due
to internal heating of the LM95214. The maximum resistance
of the pull-up to provide a 2.1V high level, based on LM95214
specification for High Level Output Current with the supply
voltage at 3.0V, is 82 kΩ (5%) or 88.7 kΩ (1%). The three
TCRIT pins can each sink 6 mA of current and still guarantee
a "Logic Low" output voltage of 0.4V. If all three pins are set
at maximum current this will cause a power dissipation of 7.2
mW. This power dissipation combined with a thermal resistance of 77.8°C/W will cause the LM95214's junction temperature to rise approximately 0.6°C and thus cause the Local
temperature reading to shift. This can only be cancelled out if
the environment that the LM95214 is enclosed in has stable
and controlled air flow over the LM95214, as airflow can
cause the thermal resistance to change dramatically.
13-bit, unsigned binary
Temperature
1111 1111 0000 0000
1.7 SMBDAT OPEN-DRAIN OUTPUT
The SMBDAT output is an open-drain output and does not
have internal pull-ups. A “high” level will not be observed on
this pin until pull-up current is provided by some external
source, typically a pull-up resistor. Choice of resistor value
depends on many system factors but, in general, the pull-up
resistor should be as large as possible without effecting the
SMBus desired data rate. This will minimize any internal temperature reading errors due to internal heating of the
LM95214. The maximum resistance of the pull-up to provide
a 2.1V high level, based on LM95214 specification for High
Level Output Current with the supply voltage at 3.0V, is 82
kΩ (5%) or 88.7 kΩ (1%).
13-bit, 2's complement (12-bit plus sign)
Temperature
−1°C
−25°C
1.9 Tcrit LIMITS AND TCRIT OUTPUTS
Figure 5 describes a simplified diagram of the temperature
comparison and status register logic. Figure 6 describes a
simplified logic diagram of the circuitry associated with the
status registers, mask registers and the TCRIT output pins.
13
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LM95214
Temperature
LM95214
30006150
FIGURE 5. Temperature Comparison Logic and Status Register Simplified Diagram
www.national.com
14
LM95214
30006153
c) TCRIT3 Mask Register, Status Register 1 and 4, and
TCRIT3 output logic diagram.
30006151
a) TCRIT1 Mask Register, Status Register 1 and 2, and
TCRIT1 output logic diagram.
FIGURE 6. Logic diagrams for the TCRIT1, TCRIT2, and
TCRIT3 outputs.
If enabled, local temperature is compared to the user programmable Local Tcrit Limit Register (Default Value = 85°C).
The result of this comparison is stored in Status Register 2,
Status Register 3 and Status Register 4 (see Figure 5).The
comparison result can trigger TCRIT1 pin, TCRIT2 pin or
TCRIT3 pin depending on the settings in the TCRIT1 Mask,
TCRIT2 Mask and TCRIT3 Mask Registers (see Figure 6).
The comparison result can also be read back from the Status
Register 2, Status Register 3 and Status Register 4.
If enabled, remote temperature 1 is compared to the user
programmable Remote 1 Tcrit-1 Limit Register (Default Value
110°C) and Remote 1 Tcrit-2 Limit Register (Default Value =
85°C). The result of this comparison is stored in Status Register 2, Status Register 3 and Status Register 4 (see Figure
5). The comparison result can trigger TCRIT1 pin, TCRIT2 pin
or TCRIT3 pin depending on the settings in the TCRIT1 Mask,
TCRIT2 Mask and TCRIT3 Mask Registers (see Figure 6).
The comparison result can also be read back from the Status
Register 2, Status Register 3 and Status Register 4. The remote temperature 2 operates in a similar manner to remote
temperature 1 using its associated user programmable limit
registers: Remote 2 Tcrit-1 Limit Register (Default Value 110°
C) and Remote 2 Tcrit-2 Limit Register (Default Value = 85°
C). When enabled, the remote temperature 3 is compared to
the user programmable Remote 3 Tcrit Limit Register (Default
Value 85°C). The comparison result can trigger TCRIT1 pin,
TCRIT2 pin or TCRIT3 pin depending on the settings in the
TCRIT1 Mask, TCRIT2 Mask and TCRIT3 Mask Registers.
The comparison result can also be read back from the Status
Register 2, Status Register 3 and Status Register 4. The remote temperature 4 operates in a similar manner to remote
temperature 3 using its associated user programmable limit
register: Remote 4 Tcrit Limit Register (Default Value 85°C).
30006152
b) TCRIT2 Mask Register, Status Register 1 and 3, and
TCRIT2 output logic diagram.
15
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LM95214
Limit assignments for each TCRIT output pin:
TCRIT1
TCRIT2
TCRIT3
Remote 4
Remote 4
Tcrit Limit
Remote 4
Tcrit Limit
Remote 4
Tcrit Limit
Remote 3
Remote 3
Tcrit Limit
Remote 3
Tcrit Limit
Remote 3
Tcrit Limit
Remote 2
Remote 2
Tcrit-1 Limit
Remote 2
Tcrit-2 Limit
Remote 2
Tcrit-2 Limit
Remote 1
Remote 1
Tcrit-1 Limit
Remote 1
Tcrit-2 Limit
Remote 1
Tcrit-2 Limit
Local
Local
Tcrit Limit
Local
Tcrit Limit
Local
Tcrit Limit
event that the D+ pin is detected as shorted to GND, D−,
VDD or D+ is floating, the Remote Temperature reading
is –128.000 °C if signed format is selected and 0 °C if unsigned format is selected. In addition, the appropriate status
register bits RD1M or RD2M (D1 or D0) are set.
1.11 COMMUNICATING with the LM95214
The data registers in the LM95214 are selected by the Command Register. At power-up the Command Register is set to
“00”, the location for the Read Local Temperature Register.
The Command Register latches the last location it was set to.
Each data register in the LM95214 falls into one of three types
of user accessibility:
1. Read only
2. Write only
3. Write/Read same address
A Write to the LM95214 will always include the address byte
and the command byte. A write to any register requires one
data byte.
Reading the LM95214 can take place either of two ways:
1. If the location latched in the Command Register is correct
(most of the time it is expected that the Command
Register will point to one of the Read Temperature
Registers because that will be the data most frequently
read from the LM95214), then the read can simply
consist of an address byte, followed by retrieving the data
byte.
2. If the Command Register needs to be set, then an
address byte, command byte, repeat start, and another
address byte will accomplish a read.
The data byte has the most significant bit first. At the end of
a read, the LM95214 can accept either acknowledge or No
Acknowledge from the Master (No Acknowledge is typically
used as a signal for the slave that the Master has read its last
byte). It takes the LM95214 190 ms (typical, all channels enabled) to measure the temperature of the remote diodes and
internal diode. When retrieving all 11 bits from a previous remote diode temperature measurement, the master must insure that all 11 bits are from the same temperature
conversion. This may be achieved by reading the MSB register first. The LSB will be locked after the MSB is read. The
LSB will be unlocked after being read. If the user reads MSBs
consecutively, each time the MSB is read, the LSB associated
with that temperature will be locked in and override the previous LSB value locked-in.
30006130
FIGURE 7. TCRIT response diagram (masking options
not included)
The TCRIT response diagram of Figure 7 shows the local
temperature interaction with the Tcrit limit and hysteresis value. As can be seen in the diagram when the local temperature
exceeds the Tcrit limit register value the LTn Status bit is set
and the T_CRITn output(s) is/are activated. The Status bit(s)
and outputs are not deactivated until the temperature goes
below the value calculated by subtracting the Common Hysteresis value programmed from the limit. This diagram mainly
shows an example function of the hysteresis and is not meant
to show complete function of the possible settings and options
of all the TCRIT outputs and limit values.
1.10 DIODE FAULT DETECTION
The LM95214 is equipped with operational circuitry designed
to detect fault conditions concerning the remote diodes. In the
30006110
(a) Serial Bus Write to the internal Command Register followed by a the Data Byte
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16
LM95214
30006111
(b) Serial Bus Write to the Internal Command Register
30006112
(c) Serial Bus Read from a Register with the Internal Command Register preset to desired value.
30006114
(d) Serial Bus Write followed by a Repeat Start and Immediate Read
FIGURE 8. SMBus Timing Diagrams
communication. After the start the LM95214 will expect
an SMBus Address address byte.
1.12 SERIAL INTERFACE RESET
In the event that the SMBus Master is RESET while the
LM95214 is transmitting on the SMBDAT line, the LM95214
must be returned to a known state in the communication protocol. This may be done in one of two ways:
1. When SMBDAT is LOW, the LM95214 SMBus state
machine resets to the SMBus idle state if either SMBDAT
or SMBCLK are held low for more than 35ms (tTIMEOUT).
Note that according to SMBus specification 2.0 all
devices are to timeout when either the SMBCLK or
SMBDAT lines are held low for 25-35ms. Therefore, to
insure a timeout of all devices on the bus the SMBCLK
or SMBDAT lines must be held low for at least 35ms.
2. When SMBDAT is HIGH, have the master initiate an
SMBus start. The LM95214 will respond properly to an
SMBus start condition at any point during the
1.13 ONE-SHOT CONVERSION
The One-Shot register is used to initiate a round of conversions and comparisons when the device is in standby mode,
after which the device returns to standby. This is not a data
register and it is the write operation that causes the one-shot
conversion. The data written to this address is irrelevant and
is not stored. A zero will always be read from this register. All
the channels that are enabled in the Channel Enable Register
will be converted once and the TCRIT1, TCRIT2 and
TCRIT3 pins will reflect the comparison results based on this
round of conversion results of the channels that are not
masked.
2.0 LM95214 Registers
Command register selects which registers will be read from or written to. Data for this register should be transmitted during the
Command Byte of the SMBus write communication.
P7
P6
P5
P4
P3
P2
P1
P0
Command Byte
17
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LM95214
P0-P7: Command
Register Summary
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
SIGN
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
Local Temp MSB
0x10
RO
Local Temp LSB
0x20
RO
1/2
1/4
1/8
0
0
0
0
0
–
Remote Temp 1 MSB – Signed
0x11
RO
SIGN
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
0
0
0x21
RO
1/2
1/4
1/8
0
0
0
–
1/16
1/32
16
8
4
2
1
–
0
0
0
0
0
–
1/16
1/32
16
8
4
2
1
–
Remote Temp 1 LSB – Signed,
Digital Filter Off
Remote Temp 1 LSB – Signed,
Digital Filter On
Remote Temp 2 MSB – Signed
Remote Temp 2 LSB – Signed,
Digital Filter Off
Remote Temp 2 LSB – Signed,
Digital Filter On
0x12
RO
SIGN
64
32
0x22
RO
1/2
1/4
1/8
Remote Temp 3 MSB – Signed
0x13
RO
Remote Temp 3 LSB – Signed
0x23
Remote Temp 4 MSB – Signed
0x14
Remote Temp 4 LSB – Signed
0x24
Remote Temp 1 MSB – Unsigned
0x19
0x29
Remote Temp 1 LSB – Unsigned,
Digital Filter Off
Remote Temp 1 LSB – Unsigned,
Digital Filter On
Remote Temp 2 MSB – Unsigned
Remote Temp 2 LSB – Unsigned,
Digital Filter Off
Remote Temp 2 LSB – Unsigned,
Digital Filter On
Remote Temp 3 MSB – Unsigned
SIGN
64
32
RO
1/2
1/4
1/8
0
0
0
0
0
–
RO
SIGN
64
32
16
8
4
2
0
–
RO
1/2
1/4
1/8
0
0
0
0
0
–
RO
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
0
0
RO
1/2
1/4
1/8
0
0
0
–
1/16
1/32
16
8
4
2
1
–
0
0
0
0
0
–
1/16
1/32
16
8
4
2
1
–
0x1A
RO
128
64
32
0x2A
RO
1/2
1/4
1/8
0x1B
RO
128
64
32
Remote Temp 3 LSB – Unsigned
0x2B
Remote Temp 4 MSB – Unsigned
0x1C
RO
1/2
1/4
1/8
0
0
0
0
0
–
RO
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
Remote Temp 4 LSB – Unsigned
0x2C
Remote 1 Offset
0x31
RO
1/2
1/4
1/8
0
0
0
0
0
–
R/W
SIGN
32
16
8
4
2
1
1/2
0x00
Remote 2 Offset
0x32
Remote 3 Offset
0x33
R/W
SIGN
32
16
8
4
2
1
1/2
0x00
R/W
SIGN
32
16
8
4
2
1
1/2
Remote 4 Offset
0x00
0x34
R/W
SIGN
32
16
8
4
2
1
1/2
0x00
Configuration
0x03
R/W
–
STBY
–
–
–
–
R4QE
R3QE
0x03
Conversion Rate
0x04
R/W
–
–
–
–
–
–
CR1
CR0
0x02
Channel Conversion Enable
0x05
R/W
–
–
–
R2CE
R1CE
LCE
0x1F
Filter Setting
0x06
R/W
–
–
–
–
R2F0
R1F1
R1F0
0x0F
1-shot
0x0F
WO
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Common Status Register
0x02
RO
BUSY
NR
–
–
SR4F
SR3F
SR2F
SR1F
0x00
Status 1 (Diode Fault)
0x07
RO
R4DO R4DS R3DO R3DS R2DO
Status 2 (TCRIT1)
0x08
RO
–
–
Status 3 (TCRIT2)
0x09
RO
–
–
Status 4 (TCRIT3)
0x0A
RO
–
–
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18
R4CE R3CE
R2F1
R2DS
R1DO
R1DS
–
–
R4T1
R3T1
R2T1
R1T1
LT1
–
–
R4T2
R3T2
R2T2
R1T2
LT2
–
–
R4T3
R3T3
R2T3
R1T3
LT3
–
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
TCRIT1 Mask
0x0C
R/W
–
–
–
R4TM R3TM R2T1M R1T1M
LTM
0x19
TCRIT2 Mask
0x0D
R/W
–
–
–
R4TM R3TM R2T2M R1T2M
LTM
0x00
TCRIT3 Mask
0x0E
R/W
–
–
–
R4TM R3TM R2T2M R1T2M
LTM
0x07
Local Tcrit Limit
0x40
R/W
0
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x55
Remote 1 Tcrit-1 Limit
0x41
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x6E
Remote 2 Tcrit-1 Limit
0x42
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x6E
Remote 3 Tcrit Limit
0x43
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x55
Remote 4 Tcrit Limit
0x44
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x55
Remote 1 Tcrit-2 and Tcrit-3 Limit
0x49
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x55
Remote 2 Tcrit-2 and Tcrit-3 Limit
0x4A
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x55
Common Tcrit Hysteresis
0x5A
R/W
0
0
0
16
8
4
2
1
0x0A
Manufacturer ID
0xFE
RO
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0x01
Revision ID
0xFF
RO
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0x7B
2.1 VALUE REGISTERS
For data synchronization purposes, the MSB register should be read first if the user wants to read both MSB and LSB registers.
The LSB will be locked after the MSB is read. The LSB will be unlocked after being read. If the user reads MSBs consecutively,
each time the MSB is read, the LSB associated with that temperature will be locked in and override the previous LSB value lockedin
2.1.1 Local Value Registers
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
Local Temp MSB
0x10
RO
SIGN
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
Local Temp LSB
0x20
RO
1/2
1/4
1/8
0
0
0
0
0
–
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
SIGN
RO
Sign bit
6
64
RO
bit weight 64°C
5
32
RO
bit weight 32°C
4
16
RO
bit weight 16°C
3
8
RO
bit weight 8°C
2
4
RO
bit weight 4°C
1
2
RO
bit weight 2°C
0
1
RO
bit weight 1°C
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
1/2
RO
bit weight 1/2°C (0.5°C)
6
1/4
RO
bit weight 1/4°C (0.25°C)
5
1/8
RO
bit weight 1/8°C (0.125°C)
4-0
0
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
The Local temperature MSB value
register range is +127°C to −128°C. The
value programmed in this register is used
to determine a local temperature error
event.
19
The Local Limit register range is 0°C to
127°C. The value programmed in this
register is used to determine a local
temperature error event.
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LM95214
Register Name
LM95214
2.1.2 Remote Temperature Value Registers with Signed Format
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
Remote Temp 1 MSB – Signed
Remote Temp 1 LSB – Signed, Digital
Filter Off
Remote Temp 1 LSB – Signed, Digital
Filter On
Remote Temp 2 MSB – Signed
Remote Temp 2 LSB – Signed, Digital
Filter Off
Remote Temp 2 LSB – Signed, Digital
Filter On
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
0
0
0
0
0
0
–
1/16
1/32
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
0
0
0
0
0
0
–
1/16
1/32
0x11
RO
SIGN
64
0x21
RO
1/2
1/8
0x12
RO
SIGN
64
0x22
RO
1/2
1/8
Remote Temp 3 MSB – Signed
0x13
RO
SIGN
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
Remote Temp 3 LSB – Signed
0x23
RO
1/2
1/8
0
0
0
0
0
0
–
Remote Temp 4 MSB – Signed
0x14
RO
SIGN
64
32
16
8
4
2
0
–
Remote Temp 4 LSB – Signed
0x24
RO
1/2
1/8
0
0
0
0
0
0
–
The Local temperature MSB value register range is +127°C to −128°C. The value programmed in this register is used to determine
a local temperature error event.
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
SIGN
RO
Sign bit
6
64
RO
bit weight 64°C
5
32
RO
bit weight 32°C
4
16
RO
bit weight 16°C
3
8
RO
bit weight 8°C
2
4
RO
bit weight 4°C
1
2
RO
bit weight 2°C
0
1
RO
bit weight 1°C
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
1/2
RO
bit weight 1/2°C (0.5°C)
6
1/4
RO
bit weight 1/4°C (0.25°C)
5
1/8
RO
bit weight 1/8°C (0.125°C)
4
0 or 1/16
RO
When the digital filter is disabled this bit will always read "0".
When the digital filter is enabled this bit will report 1/16°C (0.0625°C) bit state.
3
0 or 1/32
RO
When the digital filter is disabled this bit will always read "0".
When the digital filter is enabled this bit will report 1/32°C (0.03125°C) bit state.
2-0
0
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
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20
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
Remote Temp 1 MSB – Unsigned
Remote Temp 1 LSB – Unsigned,
Digital Filter Off
Remote Temp 1 LSB – Unsigned,
Digital Filter On
Remote Temp 2 MSB – Unsigned
Remote Temp 2 LSB – Unsigned,
Digital Filter Off
Remote Temp 2 LSB – Unsigned,
Digital Filter On
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
0
0
0
0
0
0
–
1/16
1/32
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
0
0
0
0
0
0
–
1/16
1/32
0x19
RO
128
64
0x29
RO
1/2
1/8
0x1A
RO
128
64
0x2A
RO
1/2
1/8
Remote Temp 3 MSB – Unsigned
0x1B
RO
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
Remote Temp 3 LSB – Unsigned
0x2B
RO
1/2
1/8
0
0
0
0
0
0
–
Remote Temp 4 MSB – Unsigned
0x1C
RO
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
–
Remote Temp 4 LSB – Unsigned
0x2C
RO
1/2
1/8
0
0
0
0
0
0
–
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
SIGN
RO
bit weight 128°C
6
64
RO
bit weight 64°C
5
32
RO
bit weight 32°C
4
16
RO
bit weight 16°C
3
8
RO
bit weight 8°C
2
4
RO
bit weight 4°C
1
2
RO
bit weight 2°C
0
1
RO
bit weight 1°C
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
1/2
RO
bit weight 1/2°C (0.5°C)
6
1/4
RO
bit weight 1/4°C (0.25°C)
5
1/8
RO
bit weight 1/8°C (0.125°C)
4
0 or 1/16
RO
When the digital filter is disabled this bit will always read "0".
When the digital filter is enabled this bit will report 1/16°C (0.0625°C) bit state.
3
0 or 1/32
RO
When the digital filter is disabled this bit will always read "0".
When the digital filter is enabled this bit will report 1/32°C (0.03125°C) bit state.
2-0
0
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
2.2 DIODE CONFIGURATION REGISTER
2.2.1 Remote 1-4 Offset
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
Remote 1 Offset
0x31
R/W
SIGN
32
16
8
4
2
1
1/2
0x00
Remote 2 Offset
0x32
R/W
SIGN
32
16
8
4
2
1
1/2
0x00
Remote 3 Offset
0x33
R/W
SIGN
32
16
8
4
2
1
1/2
0x00
Remote 4 Offset
0x34
R/W
SIGN
32
16
8
4
2
1
1/2
0x00
21
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LM95214
2.1.3 Remote Temperature Value Registers with Unsigned Format
LM95214
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
SIGN
R/W
Sign bit
6
32
R/W
bit weight 32°C
5
16
R/W
bit weight 16°C
4
8
R/W
bit weight 8°C
3
4
R/W
bit weight 4°C
2
2
R/W
bit weight 2°C
1
1
R/W
bit weight 1°C
0
1/2
R/W
bit weight 1/2°C (0.5°C)
All registers have 2’s complement format.
The offset range for each remote is
+63.5°C/−64°C. The value programmed
in this register is directly added to the
actual reading of the ADC and the
modified number is reported in the remote
value registers.
2.3 CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
2.3.1 Main Configuration Register
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
Configuration
0x03
R/W
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
–
STBY
–
–
–
–
D1
D0
R4QE R3QE
POR
Default
(Hex)
0x03
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
–
RO
Reserved will report "0" when read.
6
STBY
R/W
Software Standby
1 – standby (when in this mode one conversion sequence can be initiated by writing
to the one-shot register)
0 – active/converting
5–2
–
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
1
R4QE
R/W
Fault queue enable for Remote 4
1– Fault queue enabled
0– Fault queue disabled
0
R3QE
R/W
Fault queue enable for Remote 3
1– Fault queue enabled
0– Fault queue disabled
2.3.2 Conversion Rate Register
Register Name
Conversion Rate
www.national.com
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
0x04
R/W
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
–
–
–
–
–
–
CR1
CR0
0x02
22
LM95214
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7-2
–
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
1-0
CR[1:0]
R/W
Conversion rate control bits modify the time interval for conversion of the channels
enabled. The channels enabled are converted sequentially then standby mode
enabled for the remainder of the time interval.
CR[1:0]
Conversion Rate
00
continuous (30 ms to 143 ms)
01
0.364 s
10
1s
11
2.5 s
2.3.3 Channel Conversion Enable
When a conversion is disabled for a particular channel it is skipped. The continuous conversion rate is effected all other conversion
rates are not effected as extra standby time is inserted in order to compensate. See Conversion Rate Register description.
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
Channel Conversion Enable
0x05
R/W
D7
D6
D5
–
–
–
D4
D3
D2
D1
R4CE R3CE R2CE R1CE
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/ Description
Write
7–5
–
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
4
R4CE
R/W
Remote 4 Temperature Conversion Enable
1– Remote 4 temp conversion enabled
0– Remote 4 temp conversion disabled
3
R3CE
R/W
Remote 3 Temperature Conversion Enable
1– Remote 3 temp conversion enabled
0– Remote 3 temp conversion disabled
2
R2CE
R/W
Remote 2 Temperature Conversion Enable
1– Remote 2 temp conversion enabled
0– Remote 2 temp conversion disabled
1
R1CE
R/W
Remote 1 Temperature Conversion Enable
1– Remote 1 temp conversion enabled
0– Remote 1 temp conversion disabled
0
LCE
R/W
Local Temperature Conversion Enable
1– Local temp conversion enabled
0– Local temp conversion disabled
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
LCE
0x1F
2.3.4 Filter Setting
Register Name
Filter Setting
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
0x06
R/W
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
–
–
–
–
R2F1
R2F0
R1F1
R1F0
0x0F
23
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LM95214
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7–4
–
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
3–2
R2F[1:0]
R/W
Remote Channel 2 Filter Enable Bits
R2F[1:0]
1–0
R1F[1:0]
R/W
Digital Filter State
00
disable all digital filtering
01
enable basic filter
10
reserved (do not use)
11
enable enhanced filter
Remote Channel 1 Filter Enable
R1F[1:0]
Filter State
00
disable all digital filtering
01
enable basic filter
10
reserved (do not use)
11
enable enhanced filter
2.3.5 1-Shot
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
1-Shot
0x0F
WO
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Bit(s) Bit Name
Read/ Description
Write
7–0
WO
-
Writing to this register activates one conversion for all the enabled channels
if the chip is in standby mode (i.e. standby bit = 1). The actual data written
does not matter and is not stored.
2.4 STATUS REGISTERS
2.4.1 Common Status Register
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
Common Status Register
0x02
RO
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
BUSY
NR
–
–
SR4F
SR3F
SR2F
SR1F
0x00
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
BUSY
RO
Busy bit (device converting)
6
NR
RO
Not Ready bit (30 ms), indicates power up initialization sequence is in progress
5–4
–
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
3
SR4F
RO
Status Register 4 Flag:
1 – indicates that Status Register 4 has at least one bit set
0 – indicates that all of Status Register 4 bits are cleared
2
SR3F
RO
Status Register 3 Flag:
1 – indicates that Status Register 3 has at least one bit set
0 – indicates that all of Status Register 3 bits are cleared
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24
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
1
SR2F
RO
Status Register 2 Flag:
1 – indicates that Status Register 2 has at least one bit set
0 – indicates that all of Status Register 2 bits are cleared
0
SR1F
RO
Status Register 1 Flag:
1 – indicates that Status Register 1 has at least one bit set
0 – indicates that all of Status Register 1 bits are cleared
LM95214
Bit(s)
2.4.2 Status 1 Register (Diode Fault)
Status fault bits for open or shorted diode (i.e. Short Fault: D+ shorted to Ground or D-; Open Fault: D+ shorted to VDD, or floating).
During fault conditions the temperature reading is 0 °C if unsigned value registers are read or –128.000 °C if signed value registers
are read.
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
Status 1 (Diode Fault)
0x07
RO
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
R4DO R4DS R3DO R3DS R2DO R2DS R1DO R1DS
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/ Description
Write
7
R4DO
RO
Remote 4 diode open fault status:
1 – indicates that remote 4 diode has an "open" fault
0 – indicates that remote 4 diode does not have an "open" fault
6
R4DS
RO
Remote 4 diode short fault status:
1 – indicates that remote 4 diode has a "short" fault
0 – indicates that remote 4 diode does not have a "short" fault
5
R3DO
RO
Remote 3 diode open fault status:
1 – indicates that remote 3 diode has an "open" fault
0 – indicates that remote 3 diode does not have an "open" fault
4
R3DS
RO
Remote 3 diode short fault status:
1 – indicates that remote 3 diode has a "short" fault
0 – indicates that remote 3 diode does not have a "short" fault
3
R2DO
RO
Remote 2 diode open fault status:
1 – indicates that remote 2 diode has an "open" fault
0 – indicates that remote 2 diode does not have an "open" fault
2
R2DS
RO
Remote 2 diode short fault status:
1 – indicates that remote 2 diode has a "short" fault
0 – indicates that remote 2 diode does not have a "short" fault
1
R1DO
RO
Remote 1 diode open fault status:
1 – indicates that remote 1 diode has an "open" fault
0 – indicates that remote 1 diode does not have an "open" fault
0
R1DS
RO
Remote 1 diode short fault status:
1 – indicates that remote 1 diode has a "short" fault
0 – indicates that remote 1 diode does not have a "short" fault
25
POR
Default
(Hex)
–
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LM95214
2.4.3 Status 2 (TCRIT1)
Status bits for TCRIT1. When one or more of these bits are set and if not masked the TCRIT1 output will activate. TCRIT1 will
deactivate when all these bits are cleared.
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
Status 2 (TCRIT1)
0x08
RO
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
–
–
–
R4T1
R3T1
R2T1
R1T1
LT1
–
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/ Description
Write
7–5
-
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
4
R4T1
RO
Remote 4 Tcrit Status:
1 – indicates that remote 4 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 4
Tcrit Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 4 reading is less than the value set in Remote 4 Tcrit Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
3
R3T1
RO
Remote 3 Tcrit Status:
1 – indicates that remote 3 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 3
Tcrit Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 3 reading is less than the value set in Remote 3 Tcrit Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
2
R2T1
RO
Remote 2 Tcrit-1 Status:
1 – indicates that remote 2 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 2
Tcrit-1 Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 2 reading is less than the value set in Remote 2 Tcrit-1 Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
1
R1T1
RO
Remote 1 Tcrit-1 Status:
1 – indicates that remote 1 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 1
Tcrit-1 Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 1 reading is less than the value set in Remote 1 Tcrit-1 Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
0
LT1
RO
Local Tcrit Status:
1 – indicates that local reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Local Tcrit Limit
register
0 – indicates that local reading is less than the value set in Local Tcrit Limit register minus
the Common Hysteresis value
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26
Status bits for TCRIT2. When one or more of these bits are set and if not masked the TCRIT2 output will activate. TCRIT2 will
deactivate when all these bits are cleared.
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
Status 3 (TCRIT2)
0x09
RO
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
–
–
–
R4T2
R3T2
R2T2
R1T2
LT2
–
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/ Description
Write
7–5
-
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
4
R4T2
RO
Remote 4 Tcrit Status:
1 – indicates that remote 4 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 4
Tcrit Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 4 reading is less than the value set in Remote 4 Tcrit Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
3
R3T2
RO
Remote 3 Tcrit Status:
1 – indicates that remote 3 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 3
Tcrit Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 3 reading is less than the value set in Remote 3 Tcrit Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
2
R2T2
RO
Remote 2 Tcrit-2 Status:
1 – indicates that remote 2 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 2
Tcrit-2 Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 2 reading is less than the value set in Remote 2 Tcrit-2 Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
1
R1T2
RO
Remote 1 Tcrit-2 Status:
1 – indicates that remote 1 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 1
Tcrit-2 Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 1 reading is less than the value set in Remote 1 Tcrit-2 Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
0
LT2
RO
Local Tcrit Status:
1 – indicates that local reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Local Tcrit Limit
register
0 – indicates that local reading is less than the value set in Local Tcrit Limit register minus
the Common Hysteresis value
27
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LM95214
2.4.4 Status 3 (TCRIT2)
LM95214
2.4.5 Status 4 (TCRIT3)
Status bits for TCRIT3. When one or more of these bits are set and if not masked the TCRIT3 output will activate. TCRIT3 will
deactivate when all these bits are cleared.
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
Status 4 (TCRIT3)
0x0A
RO
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
–
–
–
R4T3
R3T3
R2T3
R1T3
LT3
–
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/ Description
Write
7–5
-
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
4
R4T3
RO
Remote 4 Tcrit Status:
1 – indicates that remote 4 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 4
Tcrit Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 4 reading is less than the value set in Remote 4 Tcrit Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
3
R3T3
RO
Remote 3 Tcrit Status:
1 – indicates that remote 3 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 3
Tcrit Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 3 reading is less than the value set in Remote 3 Tcrit Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
2
R2T3
RO
Remote 2 Tcrit-2 Status:
1 – indicates that remote 2 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 2
Tcrit-2 Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 2 reading is less than the value set in Remote 2 Tcrit-2 Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
1
R1T3
RO
Remote 1 Tcrit-2 Status:
1 – indicates that remote 1 reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Remote 1
Tcrit-2 Limit register
0 – indicates that that remote 1 reading is less than the value set in Remote 1 Tcrit-2 Limit
register minus the Common Hysteresis value
0
LT3
RO
Local Tcrit Status:
1 – indicates that local reading is greater than or equal to the value set in Local Tcrit Limit
register
0 – indicates that local reading is less than the value set in Local Tcrit Limit register minus
the Common Hysteresis value
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28
LM95214
2.5 MASK REGISTERS
2.5.1 TCRIT1 Mask Register
The mask bits in this register allow control over which error events propagate to the TCRIT1 pin.
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
TCRIT1 Mask
0x0C
R/W
D7
D6
D5
–
–
–
D4
D3
D2
R4TM R3TM R2T1
M
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
R1T1
M
LTM
0x19
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/ Description
Write
7-5
–
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
4
R4TM
R/W
Remote 4 Tcrit Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 4 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT1 pin
0 – allows the remote 4 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT1 pin
3
R3TM
R/W
Remote 3 Tcrit Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 3 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT1 pin
0 – allows the remote 3 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT1 pin
2
R2T1M
R/W
Remote 2 Tcrit-1 Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 2 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT1 pin
0 – allows the remote 2 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT1 pin
1
R1T1M
R/W
Remote 1 Tcrit-1 Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 1 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT1 pin
0 – allows the remote 1 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT1 pin
0
LTM
R/W
Local Tcrit Mask:
1 – prevents the local temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT1 pin
0 – allows the local temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT1 pin
2.5.2 TCRIT2 Mask Registers
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
TCRIT2 Mask
0x0D
R/W
D7
D6
D5
–
–
–
D4
D3
D2
R4TM R3TM R2T2
M
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
R1T2
M
LTM
0x00
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/ Description
Write
7-5
–
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
4
R4TM
R/W
Remote 4 Tcrit Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 4 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT2 pin
0 – allows the remote 4 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT2 pin
3
R3TM
R/W
Remote 3 Tcrit Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 3 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT2 pin
0 – allows the remote 3 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT2 pin
2
R2T2M
R/W
Remote 2 Tcrit-2 Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 2 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT2 pin
0 – allows the remote 2 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT2 pin
1
R1T2M
R/W
Remote 1 Tcrit-2 Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 1 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT2 pin
0 – allows the remote 1 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT2 pin
0
LTM
R/W
Local Tcrit Mask:
1 – prevents the local temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT2 pin
0 – allows the local temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT2 pin
29
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LM95214
2.5.3 TCRIT3 Mask Register
The mask bits in this register allow control over which error events propagate to the TCRIT3 pin.
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
TCRIT3 Mask
0x0E
D7
D6
D5
–
–
–
R/W
D4
D3
D2
R4TM R3TM R2T2
M
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
R1T2
M
LTM
0x07
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/ Description
Write
7-5
–
RO
Reserved – will report "0" when read.
4
R4TM
R/W
Remote 4 Tcrit Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 4 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT3 pin
0 – allows the remote 4 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT3 pin
3
R3TM
R/W
Remote 3 Tcrit Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 3 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT3 pin
0 – allows the remote 3 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT3 pin
2
R2T2M
R/W
Remote 2 Tcrit-2 Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 2 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT3 pin
0 – allows the remote 2 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT3 pin
1
R1T2M
R/W
Remote 1 Tcrit-2 Mask:
1 – prevents the remote 1 temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT3 pin
0 – allows the remote 1 temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT3 pin
0
LTM
R/W
Local Tcrit Mask:
1 – prevents the local temperature error event from propagating to the TCRIT3 pin
0 – allows the local temperature error event to propagate to the TCRIT3 pin
2.6 LIMIT REGISTERS
2.6.1 Local Limit Register
The Local Limit register range is 0°C to 127°C. The value programmed in this register is used to determine a local temperature
error event.
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
Local Tcrit Limit
0x40
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
0
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x55
R/W
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
0
R0
Read only bit will always report "0".
6
64
R/W
bit weight 64°C
5
32
R/W
bit weight 32°C
4
16
R/W
bit weight 16°C
3
8
R/W
bit weight 8°C
2
4
R/W
bit weight 4°C
1
2
R/W
bit weight 2°C
0
1
R/W
bit weight 1°C
2.6.2 Remote Limit Registers
The range for these registers is 0°C to 255°C.
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30
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
Remote 1 Tcrit-1 Limit (used by
TCRIT1 error events)
0x41
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x6E
Remote 2 Tcrit-1 Limit (used by
TCRIT1 error events)
0x42
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x6E
Remote 3 Tcrit Limit (used by
TCRIT1, TCRIT2 and TCRIT3 error
events)
0x43
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x55
Remote 4 Tcrit Limit (used by
TCRIT1, TCRIT2 and TCRIT3 error
events)
0x44
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x55
Remote 1 Tcrit-2 and Tcrit3 Limit
(used by TCRIT2 and TCRIT3 error
events)
0x49
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x55
Remote 2 Tcrit-2 and Tcrit3 Limit
(used by TCRIT2 and TCRIT3 error
events)
0x4A
R/W
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
0x55
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
128
R/W
bit weight 128°C
6
64
R/W
bit weight 64°C
5
32
R/W
bit weight 32°C
4
16
R/W
bit weight 16°C
3
8
R/W
bit weight 8°C
2
4
R/W
bit weight 4°C
1
2
R/W
bit weight 2°C
0
1
R/W
bit weight 1°C
Limit assignments for each TCRIT output pin:
Output Pin
Remote 4
Remote 3
Remote 2
Remote 1
Local
TCRIT1
Remote 4 Tcrit Limit
Remote 3 Tcrit Limit
Remote 2 Tcrit-1 Limit
Remote 1 Tcrit-1 Limit
Local Tcrit Limit
TCRIT2
Remote 4 Tcrit Limit
Remote 3 Tcrit Limit
Remote 2 Tcrit-2 Limit
Remote 1 Tcrit-2 Limit
Local Tcrit Limit
TCRIT3
Remote 4 Tcrit Limit
Remote 3 Tcrit Limit
Remote 2 Tcrit-2 Limit
Remote 1 Tcrit-2 Limit
Local Tcrit Limit
2.6.3 Common Tcrit Hysteresis Register
The hysteresis register range is 0°C to 32°C. The value programmed in this register is used to modify all the limit values for
decreasing temperature.
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
Common Tcrit Hysteresis
0x5A
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
0
0
0
16
8
4
2
1
0x0A
R/W
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
7
0
RO
Read only bit will always report "0".
6
0
RO
Read only bit will always report "0".
5
0
RO
Read only bit will always report "0".
4
16
R/W
bit weight 16°C
3
8
R/W
bit weight 8°C
2
4
R/W
bit weight 4°C
31
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LM95214
Register Name
LM95214
Bit(s)
Bit Name
Read/
Write
Description
1
2
R/W
bit weight 2°C
0
1
R/W
bit weight 1°C
2.7 IDENTIFICATION REGISTERS
Register Name
Command Read/
Byte
Write
(Hex)
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
POR
Default
(Hex)
Manufacturer ID
0xFE
RO
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0x01
Revision ID
0xFF
RO
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0x7B
www.national.com
32
LM95214
3.0 Applications Hints
where:
The LM95214 can be applied easily in the same way as other
integrated-circuit temperature sensors, and its remote diode
sensing capability allows it to be used in new ways as well. It
can be soldered to a printed circuit board, and because the
path of best thermal conductivity is between the die and the
pins, its temperature will effectively be that of the printed circuit board lands and traces soldered to the LM95214's pins.
This presumes that the ambient air temperature is almost the
same as the surface temperature of the printed circuit board;
if the air temperature is much higher or lower than the surface
temperature, the actual temperature of the LM95214 die will
be at an intermediate temperature between the surface and
air temperatures. Again, the primary thermal conduction path
is through the leads, so the circuit board temperature will contribute to the die temperature much more strongly than will the
air temperature.
To measure temperature external to the LM95214's die, incorporates remote diode sensing technology. This diode can
be located on the die of a target IC, allowing measurement of
the IC's temperature, independent of the LM95214's temperature. A discrete diode can also be used to sense the temperature of external objects or ambient air. Remember that a
discrete diode's temperature will be affected, and often dominated, by the temperature of its leads. Most silicon diodes do
not lend themselves well to this application. It is recommended that an MMBT3904 transistor base emitter junction be
used with the collector tied to the base.
The LM95214 can measure a diode-connected transistor
such as the MMBT3904 or the thermal diode found in an AMD
processor. The LM95214 has been optimized to measure the
MMBT3904 remote thermal diode the offset register can be
used to calibrate for other thermal diodes easily. The
LM95214 does not include TruTherm™ technology that allows sensing of sub-micron geometry process thermal
diodes. For this application the LM95234 would be better suited.
The LM95234 has been specifically optimized to measure the
remote thermal diode integrated in a typical Intel processor
on 65 nm or 90 nm process or an MMBT3904 transistor. Using
the Remote Diode Model Select register found in the
LM95234 any of the four remote inputs can be optimized for
a typical Intel processor on 65 nm or 90 nm process or an
MMBT3904.
•
•
•
•
q = 1.6×10−19 Coulombs (the electron charge),
T = Absolute Temperature in Kelvin
k = 1.38×10−23 joules/K (Boltzmann's constant),
η is the non-ideality factor of the process the diode is
manufactured on,
• IS = Saturation Current and is process dependent,
• If = Forward Current through the base-emitter junction
• VBE = Base-Emitter Voltage drop
In the active region, the -1 term is negligible and may be eliminated, yielding the following equation
(2)
In Equation 2, η and IS are dependant upon the process that
was used in the fabrication of the particular diode. By forcing
two currents with a very controlled ratio(IF2 / IF1) and measuring the resulting voltage difference, it is possible to eliminate
the IS term. Solving for the forward voltage difference yields
the relationship:
(3)
Solving Equation 3 for temperature yields:
(4)
Equation 4 holds true when a diode connected transistor such
as the MMBT3904 is used. When this “diode” equation is applied to an integrated diode such as a processor transistor
with its collector tied to GND as shown in Figure 9 it will yield
a wide non-ideality spread. This wide non-ideality spread is
not due to true process variation but due to the fact that
Equation 4 is an approximation.
National invented TruTherm beta cancellation technology that
uses the transistor equation, Equation 5, which is a more accurate representation of the topology of the thermal diode
found in some sub-micron FPGAs or processors.
3.1 DIODE NON-IDEALITY
3.1.1 Diode Non-Ideality Factor Effect on Accuracy
When a transistor is connected as a diode, the following relationship holds for variables VBE, T and IF:
(5)
(1)
33
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LM95214
30006115
FIGURE 9. Thermal Diode Current Paths
TruTherm technology can be found in the LM95234 four
channel remote diode sensor that is pin and register compatible with the LM95214. The LM95214 does not support this
technology.
Solving Equation 6 for RPCB equal to ±1.73Ω results in the
additional error due to the spread in the series resistance of
±1.07°C. The bulk of the error caused by the 4.515 ohms will
cause a positive offset in the temperature reading of 2.79°C
wich can be cancelled out by setting the offset register to
- 2.75°C. The spread in error cannot be canceled out, as it
would require measuring each individual thermal diode device. This is quite difficult and impractical in a large volume
production environment.
Equation 6 can also be used to calculate the additional error
caused by series resistance on the printed circuit board. Since
the variation of the PCB series resistance is minimal, the bulk
of the error term is always positive and can simply be cancelled out by subtracting it from the output readings of the
LM95214.
3.1.2 Calculating Total System Accuracy
The voltage seen by the LM95214 also includes the IFRS voltage drop of the series resistance. The non-ideality factor, η,
is the only other parameter not accounted for and depends
on the diode that is used for measurement. Since ΔVBE is
proportional to both η and T, the variations in η cannot be
distinguished from variations in temperature. Since the nonideality factor is not controlled by the temperature sensor, it
will directly add to the inaccuracy of the sensor. For the for
Intel processor on 65 nm process, Intel specifies a +4.06%/
−0.897% variation in η from part to part when the processor
diode is measured by a circuit that assumes diode equation,
Equation 4, as true. As an example, assume a temperature
sensor has an accuracy specification of ±1.0°C at a temperature of 80°C (353 Kelvin) and the processor diode has a nonideality variation of +1.19%/−0.27%. The resulting system
accuracy of the processor temperature being sensed will be:
Processor Family
and
TACC = - 1.0°C + (−0.89% of 353 K) = −4.1 °C
The next error term to be discussed is that due to the series
resistance of the thermal diode and printed circuit board
traces. The thermal diode series resistance is specified on
most processor data sheets. For the MMBT3904 transistor,
this is specified at 0Ω typical. The LM95214 accommodates
the typical series resistance of a circuit with the offset register
compensation. The error that is not accounted for is the
spread of the thermal diodes series resistance. If a circuit has
a series resistance spread that is 2.79Ω to 6.24Ω or 4.515Ω
±1.73Ω, the 4.515Ω can be cancelled out with the offset register setting. The ±1.73Ω spread cannot be cancelled out. The
equation to calculate the temperature error due to series resistance (TER) for the LM95214 is simply:
typ
max
1
1.0065
1.0125
Pentium III CPUID
68h/
PGA370Socket/
Celeron
1.0057
1.008
1.0125
Pentium 4, 423 pin
0.9933
1.0045
1.0368
Pentium 4, 478 pin
0.9933
1.0045
1.0368
Pentium 4 on 0.13
micron process, 2 3.06 GHz
1.0011
1.0021
1.0030
3.64
Pentium 4 on 90 nm
1.0083
process
1.011
1.023
3.33
Intel Processor on
65 nm process
1.000
1.009
1.050
4.52
1.00151
1.00220
1.00289
3.06
Pentium M
(Centrino)
MMBT3904
(6)
www.national.com
34
Series
R,Ω
min
Pentium™ III
CPUID 67h
TACC = + 1.0°C + (+4.06% of 353 K) = +15.3 °C
Diode Equation ηD, nonideality
1.003
AMD Athlon MP
model 6
1.002
1.008
1.016
AMD Athlon 64
1.008
1.008
1.096
AMD Sempron
1.008
1.008
traces running between the remote temperature diode sensor
and the LM95214 can cause temperature conversion errors.
Keep in mind that the signal level the LM95214 is trying to
measure is in microvolts. The following guidelines should be
followed:
1. VDD should be bypassed with a 0.1 µF capacitor in
parallel with 100 pF. The 100 pF capacitor should be
placed as close as possible to the power supply pin. A
bulk capacitance of approximately 10 µF needs to be in
the near vicinity of the LM95214.
2. A 100 pF diode bypass capacitor is recommended to filter
high frequency noise but may not be necessary. Make
sure the traces to the 100 pF capacitor are matched.
Place the filter capacitors close to the LM95214 pins.
3. Ideally, the LM95214 should be placed within 10 cm of
the Processor diode pins with the traces being as
straight, short and identical as possible. Trace resistance
of 1Ω can cause as much as 0.62°C of error. This error
can be compensated by using simple software offset
compensation.
4. Diode traces should be surrounded by a GND guard ring
to either side, above and below if possible. This GND
guard should not be between the D+ and D− lines. In the
event that noise does couple to the diode lines it would
be ideal if it is coupled common mode. That is equally to
the D+ and D− lines.
5. Avoid routing diode traces in close proximity to power
supply switching or filtering inductors.
6. Avoid running diode traces close to or parallel to high
speed digital and bus lines. Diode traces should be kept
at least 2 cm apart from the high speed digital traces.
7. If it is necessary to cross high speed digital traces, the
diode traces and the high speed digital traces should
cross at a 90 degree angle.
8. The ideal place to connect the LM95214's GND pin is as
close as possible to the Processors GND associated with
the sense diode.
9. Leakage current between D+ and GND and between D+
and D− should be kept to a minimum. Thirteen nanoamperes of leakage can cause as much as 0.2°C of error
in the diode temperature reading. Keeping the printed
circuit board as clean as possible will minimize leakage
current.
Noise coupling into the digital lines greater than 400 mVp-p
(typical hysteresis) and undershoot less than 500 mV below
GND, may prevent successful SMBus communication with
the LM95214. SMBus no acknowledge is the most common
symptom, causing unnecessary traffic on the bus. Although
the SMBus maximum frequency of communication is rather
low (100 kHz max), care still needs to be taken to ensure
proper termination within a system with multiple parts on the
bus and long printed circuit board traces. An RC lowpass filter
with a 3 dB corner frequency of about 40 MHz is included on
the LM95214's SMBCLK input. Additional resistance can be
added in series with the SMBDAT and SMBCLK lines to further help filter noise and ringing. Minimize noise coupling by
keeping digital traces out of switching power supply areas as
well as ensuring that digital lines containing high speed data
communications cross at right angles to the SMBDAT and
SMBCLK lines.
1.096
1.00261
0.93
3.1.3 Compensating for Different Non-Ideality
In order to compensate for the errors introduced by non-ideality, the temperature sensor is calibrated for a particular
processor. National Semiconductor temperature sensors are
always calibrated to the typical non-ideality and series resistance of a given transistor type. The LM95214 is calibrated
for the non-ideality factor and series resistance values of the
MMBT3904 transistor without the requirement for additional
trims. When a temperature sensor calibrated for a particular
thermal diode type is used with a different thermal diode type,
additional errors are introduced.
Temperature errors associated with non-ideality of different
processor types may be reduced in a specific temperature
range of concern through use of software calibration. Typical
Non-ideality specification differences cause a gain variation
of the transfer function, therefore the center of the temperature range of interest should be the target temperature for
calibration purposes. The following equation can be used to
calculate the temperature correction factor (TCF) required to
compensate for a target non-ideality differing from that supported by the LM95214.
(7)
where
• ηS = LM95214 non-ideality for accuracy specification
• ηPROCESSOR = Processor thermal diode typical non-ideality
• TCR = center of the temperature range of interest in °C
The correction factor should be directly added to the temperature reading produced by the LM95214. For example when
using the LM95214, with the 3904 mode selected, to measure
a AMD Athlon processor, with a typical non-ideality of 1.008,
for a temperature range of 60 °C to 100 °C the correction factor would calculate to:
(8)
Therefore, 1.75°C should be subtracted from the temperature
readings of the LM95214 to compensate for the differing typical non-ideality target.
3.2 PCB LAYOUT FOR MINIMIZING NOISE
30006117
FIGURE 10. Ideal Diode Trace Layout
In a noisy environment, such as a processor mother board,
layout considerations are very critical. Noise induced on
35
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LM95214
AMD Opteron
LM95214
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
14-Lead Molded Leadless Leadframe Package (LLP),
Order Number LM95214CISD or LM95214CISDX
NS Package Number SDA14B
www.national.com
36
LM95214
Notes
37
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LM95214 Quad Remote Diode and Local Temperature Sensor with SMBus Interface
Notes
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