Philips Components Product specification High ohmic/high voltage resistors FEATURES • High pulse loading capability • Small size. APPLICATIONS • Where high resistance, high stability and high reliability at high voltage are required • High humidity environment • White goods • Power supplies. DESCRIPTION A metal glazed film is deposited on a high grade ceramic body. After a helical groove has been cut in the resistive layer, tinned electrolytic copper wires are welded to the end-caps. The resistors are coated with a light blue lacquer which provides electrical, mechanical, and climatic protection. The encapsulation is resistant to all cleaning solvents in accordance with “MIL-STD 202E, method 215” and “IEC 60068-2-45”. 1998 Aug 28 VR25 QUICK REFERENCE DATA DESCRIPTION Resistance range Resistance tolerance and series: 100 kΩ to 15 MΩ 15 MΩ to 22 MΩ 220 kΩ to 15 MΩ Maximum dissipation at Tamb = 70 °C Thermal resistance, Rth Temperature coefficient Maximum permissible voltage: DC RMS Dielectric withstanding voltage of the insulation for 1 minute Basic specifications Climatic category (IEC 60068) Stability after: load (1000 hours) accelerated damp heat test (6 days) long term damp heat test (56 days) Noise 1 VALUE 100 kΩ to 22 MΩ ±5%: E24 series ±10%: E12 series ±1%: E24/E96 series 0.25 W 200 K/W ≤±200 × 10−6/K 1600 V 1150 V 700 V IEC 60115-1B 55/155/56 ∆R/R max.: ±1.5% + 0.1 Ω ∆R/R max.: ±1.5% + 0.1 Ω ∆R/R max.: ±1.5% + 0.1 Ω max. 5 µV/V Philips Components Product specification High ohmic/high voltage resistors VR25 ORDERING INFORMATION Table 1 Ordering code indicating resistor type and packaging ORDERING CODE 2322 241 ..... TYPE TAPE WIDTH (mm) 52 VR25 26 TOL. (%) BANDOLIER ON REEL BANDOLIER IN AMMOPACK(1) 1000 units 2000 units 5000 units 5000 units ±1 8.... − − − ±5 13... − 53... 23... ±10 12... − 52... 22... ±5 − 43... − − ±10 − 42... − − Note 1. Radial taped version available on request. Ordering code (12NC) • The resistors have a 12-digit ordering code starting with 2322 241 • The subsequent: first digit for 1% tolerance products (E24 and E96 series) or 2 digits for 5% (E24 series) and 10% (E12 series) indicate the resistor type and packaging; see Table 1. Table 2 Last digit of 12NC RESISTANCE DECADE LAST DIGIT 100 to 976 kΩ 4 1 to 9.76 MΩ 5 ≥10 MΩ 6 • The remaining digits indicate the resistance value: – The first 3 digits for 1% or 2 digits for 5 and 10% tolerance products indicate the resistance value. – The last digit indicates the resistance decade in accordance with Table 2. 1998 Aug 28 2 ORDERING EXAMPLE The ordering code for a VR25, resistor value 7.5 MΩ, 5% tolerance, supplied on a bandolier of 1000 units in ammopack, is: 2322 241 13755. Philips Components Product specification High ohmic/high voltage resistors VR25 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Product characterization Standard values of nominal resistance are taken from the E96/E24/E12 series for resistors with a tolerance of ±1%, 5% or 10%. The values of the E96/E24/E12 series are in accordance with “IEC publication 60063”. Limiting values LIMITING VOLTAGE(1) (V) TYPE VR25 LIMITING POWER (W) DC RMS 1600 1150 0.25 Note 1. The maximum voltage that may be continuously applied to the resistor element, see “IEC publication 60115-1”. The maximum permissible hot-spot temperature is 155 °C. DERATING PULSE LOADING CAPABILITY The power that the resistor can dissipate depends on the operating temperature; see Fig.1. CCA997 20 handbook, halfpage ^ Vmax (kV) CCB412 olumns Pmax (%Prated) 10 100 8 50 6 0 −55 0 50 70 100 4 10−2 155 Tamb (°C) Fig.2 Fig.1 Maximum dissipation (Pmax) in percentage of rated power as a function of the ambient temperature (Tamb). 1998 Aug 28 3 10−1 1 10 Rn (MΩ) 102 Maximum allowed peak pulse voltage in accordance with “IEC 60065 chapter 14.1” ; 50 discharges from a 1 nF capacitor charged to Vˆ max ; 12 discharges/minute (drift ∆R/R ≤ 1%). Philips Components Product specification High ohmic/high voltage resistors VR25 Application information MBG545 100 MBG546 50 handbook, halfpage handbook, halfpage ∆T (K) ∆T (K) 80 40 60 30 40 20 20 10 0 0 0.2 0.4 P (W) 0 0.6 0 VR25 0.2 0.4 P (W) 0.6 VR25 Fig.4 Fig.3 5 mm 10 mm 15 mm Hot spot temperature rise (∆T) as a function of dissipated power. Temperature rise (∆T) at the lead end (soldering point) as a function of dissipated power at various lead lengths after mounting. MECHANICAL DATA Mass per 100 units L1 TYPE VR25 MASS (g) olumns ∅d 25 CCB414 ∅D Marking L2 The nominal resistance and tolerance are marked on the resistor using four or five coloured bands in accordance with IEC publication 60062 “Colour codes for fixed resistors”. For dimensions see Table 3. Fig.5 Outline. Yellow and grey are used instead of gold and silver because metal particles in the lacquer could affect high-voltage properties. Table 3 Outlines The length of the body (L1) is measured by inserting the leads into holes of two identical gauge plates and moving these plates parallel to each other until the resistor body is clamped without deformation (“IEC publication 60294”). 1998 Aug 28 TYPE VR25 4 Resistor type and relevant physical dimensions; see Fig.5 ∅D MAX. (mm) L1 MAX. (mm) L2 MAX. (mm) ∅d (mm) 2.5 6.5 7.5 0.58 ±0.05 Philips Components Product specification High ohmic/high voltage resistors VR25 Unless otherwise specified the following values apply: TESTS AND REQUIREMENTS Temperature: 15 °C to 35 °C Essentially all tests are carried out in accordance with the schedule of “IEC publication 60115-1”, category LCT/UCT/56 (rated temperature range: Lower Category Temperature, Upper Category Temperature; damp heat, long term, 56 days). The testing also covers the requirements specified by EIA and EIAJ. Relative humidity: 45% to 75% Air pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa (860 mbar to 1060 mbar). In Table 4 the tests and requirements are listed with reference to the relevant clauses of “IEC publications 60115-1 and 60068”; a short description of the test procedure is also given. In some instances deviations from the IEC recommendations were necessary for our method of specifying. The tests are carried out in accordance with IEC publication 60068, “Recommended basic climatic and mechanical robustness testing procedure for electronic components” and under standard atmospheric conditions according to “IEC 60068-1”, subclause 5.3. All soldering tests are performed with mildly activated flux. Table 4 Test procedures and requirements IEC 60115-1 CLAUSE IEC 60068 TEST METHOD 4.16 U 4.16.2 Ua tensile all samples ∅0.6 mm; load 10 N; 10 s number of failures <10 × 10−6 4.16.3 Ub bending half number of samples ∅0.6 mm; load 5 N; 4 × 90° number of failures <10 × 10−6 4.16.4 Uc torsion other half of samples 3 × 360° in opposite directions no damage ∆R/R max.: ±0.5% + 0.05 Ω 4.17 Ta solderability 2 s; 235 °C; flux 600 good tinning; no damage 4.18 Tb resistance to soldering heat thermal shock: 3 s; 350 °C; 6 mm from body ∆R/R max.: ±0.5% + 0.05 Ω 4.19 Na rapid change of temperature 30 minutes at −55 °C and 30 minutes at +155 °C; 5 cycles ∆R/R max.: ±0.5% + 0.05 Ω 4.20 Eb bump 3 × 1500 bumps in 3 directions; 40 g no damage ∆R/R max.: ±0.5% + 0.05 Ω 4.22 Fc vibration frequency 10 to 500 Hz; displacement 1.5 mm or acceleration 10 g; 3 directions; total 6 hours (3 × 2 hours) no damage ∆R/R max.: ±0.5% + 0.05 Ω 4.23 TEST PROCEDURE REQUIREMENTS robustness of terminations: climatic sequence: 16 hours; 155 °C 4.23.2 Ba dry heat 4.23.3 Db damp heat (accelerated) 24 hours; 55 °C; 90 to 100% RH 1st cycle 4.23.4 Aa cold 2 hours; −55 °C 4.23.5 M low air pressure 2 hours; 8.5 kPa; 15 to 35 °C 4.23.6 Db damp heat (accelerated) 5 days; 55 °C; 95 to 100% RH remaining cycles 1998 Aug 28 5 Rins min.: 103 MΩ ∆R/R max.: ±1.5% + 0.1 Ω Philips Components Product specification High ohmic/high voltage resistors IEC 60115-1 CLAUSE IEC 60068 TEST METHOD 4.24.2 Ca VR25 TEST PROCEDURE REQUIREMENTS damp heat (steady state) 56 days; 40 °C; 90 to 95% RH; dissipation 0.01 Pn; limiting voltage 100 V (DC) ∆R/R max.: ±1.5% + 0.1 Ω 4.25.1 endurance 1000 hours at 70 °C; Pn or Vmax ∆R/R max.: ±1.5% + 0.1 Ω 4.8.4 temperature coefficient between −55 °C and +155 °C (TC × 10−6/K) ≤±200 4.7 voltage proof on insulation 700 V (RMS) during 1 minute; V-block method 4.12 noise “IEC publication 60195” max. 5 µV/V 4.6.1.1 insulation resistance 500 V (DC) during 1 minute; V-block method Rins min.: 104 MΩ 4.13 short time overload room temperature; dissipation 6.25 × Pn (voltage not more than 2 × limiting voltage); 10 cycles; 5 s on and 45 s off ∆R/R max.: ±0.5% + 0.05 Ω 1998 Aug 28 6 no breakdown