LT6600-20 Very Low Noise, Differential Amplifier and 20MHz Lowpass Filter U FEATURES ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ DESCRIPTIO The LT®6600-20 combines a fully differential amplifier with a 4th order 20MHz lowpass filter approximating a Chebyshev frequency response. Most differential amplifiers require many precision external components to tailor gain and bandwidth. In contrast, with the LT6600-20, two external resistors program differential gain, and the filter’s 20MHz cutoff frequency and passband ripple are internally set. The LT6600-20 also provides the necessary level shifting to set its output common mode voltage to accommodate the reference voltage requirements of A/Ds. Programmable Differential Gain via Two External Resistors Adjustable Output Common Mode Voltage Operates and Specified with 3V, 5V, ±5V Supplies 0.5dB Ripple 4th Order Lowpass Filter with 20MHz Cutoff 76dB S/N with 3V Supply and 2VP-P Output Low Distortion, 2VP-P, 800Ω Load 2.5MHz: 83dBc 2nd, 88dBc 3rd 20MHz: 63dBc 2nd, 64dBc 3rd Fully Differential Inputs and Outputs SO-8 Package Compatible with Popular Differential Amplifier Pinouts U APPLICATIO S ■ ■ ■ ■ High Speed ADC Antialiasing and DAC Smoothing in Networking or Cellular Base Station Applications High Speed Test and Measurement Equipment Medical Imaging Drop-in Replacement for Differential Amplifiers , LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. Using a proprietary internal architecture, the LT6600-20 integrates an antialiasing filter and a differential amplifier/ driver without compromising distortion or low noise performance. At unity gain the measured in band signal-to-noise ratio is an impressive 76dB. At higher gains the input referred noise decreases so the part can process smaller input differential signals without significantly degrading the output signal-to-noise ratio. The LT6600-20 also features low voltage operation. The differential design provides outstanding performance for a 2VP-P signal level while the part operates with a single 3V supply. The LT6600-20 is packaged in an SO-8 and is pin compatible with stand alone differential amplifiers. U TYPICAL APPLICATIO An 8192 Point FFT Spectrum A/D LTC1748 LT6600-20 5V 0.1µF 7 0.01µF VIN 2 8 RIN 402Ω 3 – VMID VOCM + + – 4 49.9Ω 49.9Ω 5 6 V+ + 18pF DOUT AIN – VCM INPUT 5.9MHz 2VP-P fSAMPLE = 80MHz –20 5V AMPLITUDE (dB) RIN 402Ω 1 0 –10 –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 –90 V– –100 –110 1µF –120 GAIN = 402Ω/RIN 66002 TA01a 0 10 20 30 40 FREQUENCY (MHz) 66002 TA01b 66002f 1 LT6600-20 U W W W ABSOLUTE AXI U RATI GS U W U PACKAGE/ORDER I FOR ATIO (Note 1) Total Supply Voltage ................................................ 11V Operating Temperature Range (Note 6) ...–40°C to 85°C Specified Temperature Range (Note 7) ....–40°C to 85°C Junction Temperature ........................................... 150°C Storage Temperature Range ................. – 65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec).................. 300°C ORDER PART NUMBER TOP VIEW IN – 1 8 IN + VOCM 2 7 VMID V+ 3 6 V– OUT + 4 5 OUT – LT6600CS8-20 LT6600IS8-20 S8 PART MARKING S8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PLASTIC SO 660020 600I20 TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 100°C/W Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes specifications that apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. Unless otherwise specified VS = 5V (V+ = 5V, V – = 0V), RIN = 402Ω, and RLOAD = 1k. PARAMETER Filter Gain, VS = 3V Filter Gain, VS = 5V Filter Gain, VS = ±5V Filter Gain, RIN = 100Ω Filter Gain Temperature Coefficient (Note 2) Noise Distortion (Note 4) Differential Output Swing Input Bias Current CONDITIONS VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 2MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 10MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 16MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 20MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 60MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 100MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 2MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 10MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 16MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 20MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 60MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 100MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz, VS = 3V VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz, VS = 5V VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz, VS = ±5V fIN = 250kHz, VIN = 2VP-P Noise BW = 10kHz to 20MHz 2.5MHz, 2VP-P, RL = 800Ω 2nd Harmonic 3rd Harmonic 20MHz, 2VP-P, RL = 800Ω 2nd Harmonic 3rd Harmonic Measured Between Pins 4 and 5 VS = 5V VS = 3V Average of Pin 1 and Pin 8 ● ● ● ● MIN – 0.4 – 0.1 – 0.2 – 0.1 – 0.8 ● ● ● ● ● ● – 0.5 – 0.1 – 0.2 – 0.3 – 1.3 ● ● – 0.6 11.6 11.5 11.4 ● ● ● 3.80 3.75 – 95 TYP 0.1 0 0.1 0.5 0 – 33 – 50 0 0 0.1 0.4 –0.4 – 33 – 50 – 0.1 12.1 12.0 11.9 780 118 83 88 63 64 4.75 4.50 – 50 MAX 0.5 0.1 0.5 1.9 1 – 28 0.5 0.1 0.4 1.6 0.6 –28 0.4 12.6 12.5 12.4 UNITS dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB ppm/C µVRMS dBc dBc dBc dBc VP-P DIFF VP-P DIFF µA 66002f 2 LT6600-20 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes specifications that apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. Unless otherwise specified VS = 5V (V+ = 5V, V – = 0V), RIN = 402Ω, and RLOAD = 1k. PARAMETER Input Referred Differential Offset CONDITIONS RIN = 402Ω RIN = 100Ω Differential Offset Drift Input Common Mode Voltage (Note 3) Output Common Mode Voltage (Note 5) Differential Input = 500mVP-P, RIN = 100Ω Differential Input = 2VP-P, Pin 7 at Mid-Supply Common Mode Voltage at Pin 2 Output Common Mode Offset (with Respect to Pin 2) Common Mode Rejection Ratio Voltage at VMID (Pin 7) VMID Input Resistance VOCM Bias Current VOCM = VMID= VS/2 Power Supply Current Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired. Note 2: This is the temperature coefficient of the internal feedback resistors assuming a temperature independent external resistor (RIN). Note 3: The input common mode voltage is the average of the voltages applied to the external resistors (RIN). Specification guaranteed for RIN ≥ 100Ω. Note 4: Distortion is measured differentially using a differential stimulus, The input common mode voltage, the voltage at Pin 2, and the voltage at Pin 7 are equal to one half of the total power supply voltage. MIN VS = 3V VS = 5V VS = ±5V VS = 3V VS = 5V VS = ±5V ● ● ● VS = 3V VS = 5V VS = ±5V VS = 3V VS = 5V VS = ±5V VS = 3V VS = 5V VS = ±5V ● ● ● ● ● ● 0.0 0.0 –2.5 1.0 1.5 –1.0 –35 –40 –55 VS = 5 VS = 3 ● 2.46 ● 4.35 –15 –10 VS = 5V VS = 3V VS = 3V, VS = 5 VS = 3V, VS = 5 VS = ±5V ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● TYP 5 10 10 5 5 5 10 5 0 –5 66 2.51 1.5 5.7 –3 –3 42 46 MAX 25 30 35 15 17 20 1.5 3.0 1.0 1.5 3.0 2.0 40 40 35 2.55 7.65 46 53 56 UNITS mV mV mV mV mV mV µV/°C V V V V V V mV mV mV dB V V kΩ µA µA mA mA mA Note 5: Output common mode voltage is the average of the voltages at Pins 4 and 5. The output common mode voltage is equal to the voltage applied to Pin 2. Note 6: The LT6600C-20 is guaranteed functional over the operating temperature range –40°C to 85°C. Note 7: The LT6600C-20 is guaranteed to meet 0°C to 70°C specifications and is designed, characterized and expected to meet the extended temperature limits, but is not tested at –40°C and 85°C. The LT6600I-20 is guaranteed to meet specified performance from –40°C to 85°C. 66002f 3 LT6600-20 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS Passband Gain and Phase 0 –10 –2 –20 –4 GAIN (dB) –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 VS = 5V GAIN = 1 TA = 25°C –90 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) PHASE –130 –175 –12 GAIN (dB) 4 –8 20 15 –14 –265 –14 10 –16 –310 –16 5 6.5 100 50 45 40 30 25 –18 0.5 –355 30.5 18.5 24.5 12.5 FREQUENCY (MHz) 6.5 Common Mode Rejection Ratio 80 VS = 5V GAIN = 1 TA = 25°C 70 65 10 60 55 50 –2 10 40 –4 5 35 1 0.1 0.1 45 30 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) –40 60 50 40 30 20 –60 –70 10 –100 0.1 1 FREQUENCY (MHz) 10 100 66002 G07 0.1 3RD HARMONIC VS = 3V 10MHz INPUT RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT GAIN = 1 2ND TA = 25°C HARMONIC 10MHz INPUT –50 VIN = 2VP-P VS = 3V RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT GAIN = 1 TA = 25°C –80 –90 0.01 –40 DIFFERENTIAL INPUT, 2ND HARMONIC DIFFERENTIAL INPUT, 3RD HARMONIC SINGLE-ENDED INPUT, 2ND HARMONIC SINGLE-ENDED INPUT, 3RD HARMONIC –50 DISTORTION (dB) 70 0 0.001 Distortion vs Signal Level, VS = 3V Distortion vs Frequency V + TO DIFFOUT VS = 3V TA = 25°C 80 100 66002 G06 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 66002 G08 DISTORTION (dB) Power Supply Rejection Ratio 90 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0.1 100 66002 G05 66002 G04 100 INPUT = 1VP-P VS = 5V GAIN = 1 TA = 25°C 75 15 0 30.5 0 30.5 18.5 24.5 12.5 FREQUENCY (MHz) 66002 G03 20 18.5 24.5 12.5 FREQUENCY (MHz) 25 –12 0 6.5 30 –220 2 –6 0.5 PSRR (dB) 35 CMRR (dB) GROUP DELAY 40 GROUP DELAY –6 66002 G02 35 45 –10 GROUP DELAY (ns) 8 6 –4 –8 OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (Ω) 10 –40 50 VS = 5V GAIN = 1 TA = 25°C GAIN Output Impedance VS = 5V GAIN = 4 TA = 25°C GAIN –2 –10 Passband Gain and Group Delay 12 0 5 –85 66002 G01 14 50 –6 –18 0.5 100 VS = 5V GAIN = 1 TA = 25°C GAIN GROUP DELAY (ns) 0 Passband Gain and Group Delay 2 95 PHASE (DEG) GAIN (dB) 2 GAIN (dB) Amplitude Response 10 –60 –70 3RD HARMONIC 1MHz INPUT –80 2ND HARMONIC 1MHz INPUT –90 –100 0 1 2 3 INPUT LEVEL (VP-P) 4 5 66002 G09 66002f 4 LT6600-20 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS –40 –40 –60 –70 –80 DISTORTION COMPONENT (dB) 2ND HARMONIC, 10MHz INPUT 3RD HARMONIC, 10MHz INPUT 2ND HARMONIC, 1MHz INPUT 3RD HARMONIC, 1MHz INPUT –50 DISTORTION (dB) Distortion vs Input Common Mode Level VS = ±5V RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT GAIN = 1 TA = 25°C –90 –100 2 3 INPUT LEVEL (VP-P) 4 –50 –60 –70 2VP-P 1MHz INPUT RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT GAIN = 1 TA = 25°C –80 –90 –100 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 INPUT COMMON MODE VOTLAGE RELATIVE TO PIN 7 (V) 5 66002 G10 –40 –50 –60 –70 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 3V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 3V 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 5V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 5V –80 –90 –100 500mVP-P 1MHz INPUT, GAIN = 4, RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 INPUT COMMON MODE VOTLAGE RELATIVE TO PIN 7 (V) 66002 G11 66002 G12 Distortion vs Output Common Mode –40 DISTORTION COMPONENT (dB) 1 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 3V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 3V 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 5V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 5V 2ND HARMONIC, VS = ±5V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = ±5V –50 –60 –70 –80 –90 –100 2VP-P 1MHz INPUT, GAIN = 1, RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT –110 –2 –1.5 –1 –0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 VOLTAGE PIN 2 TO PIN 7 (V) 2 66002 G13 Total Supply Current vs Total Supply Voltage Transient Response, Gain = 1 60 TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 0 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 3V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 3V 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 5V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 5V Distortion vs Input Common Mode Level DISTORTION COMPONENT (dB) Distortion vs Signal Level, VS = ±5V 50 TA = 85°C 40 TA = 25°C 30 TA = –40°C VOUT+ 50mV/DIV DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 200mV/DIV 20 10 100ns/DIV 66002 G15 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 9 10 66002 G14 66002f 5 LT6600-20 U U U PI FU CTIO S IN – and IN + (Pins 1, 8): Input Pins. Signals can be applied to either or both input pins through identical external resistors, RIN. The DC gain from differential inputs to the differential outputs is 402Ω/RIN. VOCM (Pin 2): Is the DC Common Mode Reference Voltage for the 2nd Filter Stage. Its value programs the common mode voltage of the differential output of the filter. Pin 2 is a high impedance input, which can be driven from an external voltage reference, or Pin 2 can be tied to Pin 7 on the PC board. Pin 2 should be bypassed with a 0.01µF ceramic capacitor unless it is connected to a ground plane. V+ and V – (Pins 3, 6): Power Supply Pins. For a single 3.3V or 5V supply (Pin 6 grounded) a quality 0.1µF ceramic bypass capacitor is required from the positive supply pin (Pin 3) to the negative supply pin (Pin 6). The bypass should be as close as possible to the IC. For dual supply applications, bypass Pin 3 to ground and Pin 6 to ground with a quality 0.1µF ceramic capacitor. OUT+ and OUT – (Pins 4, 5): Output Pins. Pins 4 and 5 are the filter differential outputs. Each pin can drive a 100Ω and/or 50pF load. VMID (Pin 7): The VMID pin is internally biased at midsupply, see block diagram. For single supply operation, the VMID pin should be bypassed with a quality 0.01µF ceramic capacitor to Pin 6. For dual supply operation, Pin 7 can be bypassed or connected to a high quality DC ground. A ground plane should be used. A poor ground will increase noise and distortion. Pin 7 sets the output common mode voltage of the 1st stage of the filter. It has a 5.5kΩ impedance, and it can be overridden with an external low impedance voltage source. W BLOCK DIAGRA VIN+ RIN IN + VMID 8 7 V+ V– OUT – 6 5 11k PROPRIETARY LOWPASS FILTER STAGE 402Ω 11k 200Ω V– OP AMP + 200Ω + – – VOCM – VOCM + – + 200Ω 200Ω 402Ω 1 VIN– RIN IN – 2 3 4 VOCM V+ OUT + 66002 BD 66002f 6 LT6600-20 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO output voltage is 1.65V, and the differential output voltage is 2VP-P for frequencies below 20MHz. The common mode output voltage is determined by the voltage at pin 2. Since pin 2 is shorted to pin 7, the output common mode is the mid-supply voltage. In addition, the common mode input voltage can be equal to the mid-supply voltage of Pin 7 (see the Distortion vs Input Common Mode Level graphs in the Typical Performance Characteristics). Interfacing to the LT6600-20 The LT6600-20 requires two equal external resistors, RIN, to set the differential gain to 402Ω/RIN. The inputs to the filter are the voltages VIN+ and VIN– presented to these external components, Figure 1. The difference between VIN+ and VIN– is the differential input voltage. The average of VIN+ and VIN– is the common mode input voltage. Similarly, the voltages VOUT+ and VOUT– appearing at Pins 4 and 5 of the LT6600-20 are the filter outputs. The difference between VOUT+ and VOUT– is the differential output voltage. The average of VOUT+ and VOUT– is the common mode output voltage. Figure 2 shows how to AC couple signals into the LT6600-20. In this instance, the input is a single-ended signal. AC coupling allows the processing of single-ended or differential signals with arbitrary common mode levels. The 0.1µF coupling capacitor and the 402Ω gain setting resistor form a high pass filter, attenuating signals below 4kHz. Larger values of coupling capacitors will proportionally reduce this highpass 3dB frequency. Figure 1 illustrates the LT6600-20 operating with a single 3.3V supply and unity passband gain; the input signal is DC coupled. The common mode input voltage is 0.5V, and the differential input voltage is 2VP-P. The common mode 3.3V 0.1µF V 3 – 402Ω 1 VIN VIN+ 1 0 VIN– 2 0.01µF + VIN t 3 – 7 2 V 3 + 4 VOUT+ LT6600-20 8 –5 + 402Ω VOUT– 6 2 VOUT+ 1 VOUT– t 0 66002 F01 Figure 1 3.3V 0.1µF V 0.1µF 2 402Ω 1 7 1 VIN+ 0 0.1µF t VIN –1 2 0.01µF 8 + V 3 – + 4 LT6600-20 – + 402Ω 5 3 VOUT+ 2 VOUT– 1 6 VOUT+ VOUT– 0 66002 F02 Figure 2 62pF 5V 0.1µF V – 3 100Ω 1 VIN 7 2 1 0 0.01µF 500mVP-P (DIFF) VIN+ VIN– + VIN 2 8 – + – + 4 LT6600-20 – + 100Ω t V 3 6 2V 5 3 VOUT+ VOUT+ 2 VOUT– 1 0 VOUT– t 66002 F03 62pF Figure 3 66002f 7 LT6600-20 U U W U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO In Figure 3 the LT6600-20 is providing 12dB of gain. The gain resistor has an optional 62pF in parallel to improve the passband flatness near 20MHz. The common mode output voltage is set to 2V. Use Figure 4 to determine the interface between the LT6600-20 and a current output DAC. The gain, or “transimpedance,” is defined as A = VOUT/IIN. To compute the transimpedance, use the following equation: A= 402 • R1 (Ω ) (R1+ R2) By setting R1 + R2 = 402Ω, the gain equation reduces to A = R1(Ω). The voltage at the pins of the DAC is determined by R1, R2, the voltage on Pin 7 and the DAC output current. Consider Figure 4 with R1 = 49.9Ω and R2 = 348Ω. The voltage at Pin 7 is 1.65V. The voltage at the DAC pins is given by: R1 R1 • R2 VDAC = VPIN7 • + IIN • R1 + R2 + 402 R1 + R2 = 26mV + IIN • 48.3Ω IIN is IIN+ or IIN–. The transimpedance in this example is 50.4Ω. Evaluating the LT6600-20 The low impedance levels and high frequency operation of the LT6600-20 require some attention to the matching networks between the LT6600-20 and other devices. The previous examples assume an ideal (0Ω) source impedance and a large (1kΩ) load resistance. Among practical CURRENT OUTPUT DAC 3.3V R1 R2 7 0.01µF 3 – + 8 R2 – + 4 2.5V 0.1µF COILCRAFT TTWB-1010 1:1 388Ω 1 7 VOUT+ 5 VOUT– 53.6Ω 2 8 388Ω 3 – + 4 COILCRAFT TTWB-16A 4:1 402Ω LT6600-20 – + 6 5 NETWORK ANALYZER INPUT 50Ω 402Ω 0.1µF 66002 F05 6 66002 F04 Figure 4 The differential amplifiers inside the LT6600-20 contain circuitry to limit the maximum peak-to-peak differential voltage through the filter. This limiting function prevents excessive power dissipation in the internal circuitry and provides output short-circuit protection. The limiting function begins to take effect at output signal levels above 2VP-P and it becomes noticeable above 3.5VP-P. This is illustrated in Figure 6; the LT6600-20 was configured with unity passband gain and the input of the filter was driven with a 1MHz signal. Because this voltage limiting takes place well before the output stage of the filter reaches the 50Ω 2 LT6600-20 IIN+ R1 1 Differential and Common Mode Voltage Ranges NETWORK ANALYZER SOURCE 0.1µF IIN– examples where impedance must be considered is the evaluation of the LT6600-20 with a network analyzer. Figure 5 is a laboratory setup that can be used to characterize the LT6600-20 using single-ended instruments with 50Ω source impedance and 50Ω input impedance. For a unity gain configuration the LT6600-20 requires a 402Ω source resistance yet the network analyzer output is calibrated for a 50Ω load resistance. The 1:1 transformer, 53.6Ω and 388Ω resistors satisfy the two constraints above. The transformer converts the single-ended source into a differential stimulus. Similarly, the output of the LT6600-20 will have lower distortion with larger load resistance yet the analyzer input is typically 50Ω. The 4:1 turns (16:1 impedance) transformer and the two 402Ω resistors of Figure 5, present the output of the LT6600-20 with a 1600Ω differential load, or the equivalent of 800Ω to ground at each output. The impedance seen by the network analyzer input is still 50Ω, reducing reflections in the cabling between the transformer and analyzer input. – 2.5V Figure 5 66002f 8 LT6600-20 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO 20 OUTPUT LEVEL (dBV) 0 1dB PASSBAND GAIN COMPRESSION POINTS The LT6600-20 was designed to process a variety of input signals including signals centered around the mid-supply voltage and signals that swing between ground and a positive voltage in a single supply system (Figure 1). The range of allowable input common mode voltage (the average of VIN+ and VIN– in Figure 1) is determined by the power supply level and gain setting (see Distortion vs Input Common Mode Level in the Typical Performance Characteristics). 1MHz 25°C 1MHz 85°C –20 3RD HARMONIC 85°C –40 3RD HARMONIC 25°C –60 2ND HARMONIC 25°C –80 2ND HARMONIC 85°C –100 –120 0 1 4 3 5 2 1MHz INPUT LEVEL (VP-P) 6 7 66002 F06 Figure 6. Output Level vs Input Level, Differential 1MHz Input, Gain = 1 supply rails, the input/output behavior of the IC shown in Figure 6 is relatively independent of the power supply voltage. The two amplifiers inside the LT6600-20 have independent control of their output common mode voltage (see the “block diagram” section). The following guidelines will optimize the performance of the filter. Pin 7 must be bypassed to an AC ground with a 0.01µF or larger capacitor. Pin 7 can be driven from a low impedance source, provided it remains at least 1.5V above V – and at least 1.5V below V +. An internal resistor divider sets the voltage of Pin 7. While the internal 11k resistors are well matched, their absolute value can vary by ±20%. This should be taken into consideration when connecting an external resistor network to alter the voltage of Pin 7. Pin 2 can be shorted to Pin 7 for simplicity. If a different common mode output voltage is required, connect Pin 2 to a voltage source or resistor network. For 3V and 3.3V supplies the voltage at Pin 2 must be less than or equal to the mid supply level. For example, voltage (Pin 2) ≤ 1.65V on a single 3.3V supply. For power supply voltages higher than 3.3V the voltage at Pin 2 should be within the voltage of Pin 7 – 1V to the voltage of Pin 7 + 2V. Pin 2 is a high impedance input. Common Mode DC Currents In applications like Figure 1 and Figure 3 where the LT6600-20 not only provides lowpass filtering but also level shifts the common mode voltage of the input signal, DC currents will be generated through the DC path between input and output terminals. Minimize these currents to decrease power dissipation and distortion. Consider the application in Figure 3. Pin 7 sets the output common mode voltage of the 1st differential amplifier inside the LT6600-20 (see the “Block Diagram” section) at 2.5V. Since the input common mode voltage is near 0V, there will be approximately a total of 2.5V drop across the series combination of the internal 402Ω feedback resistor and the external 100Ω input resistor. The resulting 5mA common mode DC current in each input path, must be absorbed by the sources VIN+ and VIN–. Pin 2 sets the common mode output voltage of the 2nd differential amplifier inside the LT6600-20, and therefore sets the common mode output voltage of the filter. Since, in the example of Figure 3, Pin 2 differs from Pin 7 by 0.5V, an additional 2.5mA (1.25mA per side) of DC current will flow in the resistors coupling the 1st differential amplifier output stage to filter output. Thus, a total of 12.5mA is used to translate the common mode voltages. A simple modification to Figure 3 will reduce the DC common mode currents by 36%. If Pin 7 is shorted to Pin 2 the common mode output voltage of both op amp stages will be 2V and the resulting DC current will be 8mA. Of course, by AC coupling the inputs of Figure 3, the common mode DC current can be reduced to 2.5mA. 66002f 9 LT6600-20 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO 2.5V Noise 0.1µF The noise performance of the LT6600-20 can be evaluated with the circuit of Figure 7. RIN VIN 7 Given the low noise output of the LT6600-20 and the 6dB attenuation of the transformer coupling network, it is necessary to measure the noise floor of the spectrum analyzer and subtract the instrument noise from the filter noise measurement. 2 8 RIN – + 4 LT6600-20 50Ω – + 5 0.1µF 6 25Ω 66002 F07 – 2.5V Figure 7 NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY (nVRMS/√Hz) 50 250 VS = 5V 40 200 30 150 SPECTRAL DENSITY 20 100 10 0 0.1 eIN = (eO )2 – (eS )2 A 10 0 100 66002 F08 Figure 8. Input Referred Noise, Gain = 1 Figure 8 is plot of the noise spectral density as a function of frequency for an LT6600-20 with RIN = 402Ω using the fixture of Figure 7 (the instrument noise has been subtracted from the results). Table 1. Noise Performance RIN INPUT REFERRED INTEGRATED NOISE 10kHz TO 20MHz INPUT REFERRED NOISE dBm/Hz 4 100Ω 42µVRMS –148 2 200Ω 67µVRMS –143 1 402Ω 118µVRMS –139 The noise at each output is comprised of a differential component and a common mode component. Using a transformer or combiner to convert the differential outputs to single-ended signal rejects the common mode noise and gives a true measure of the S/N achievable in the system. Conversely, if each output is measured individually and the 10 1 FREQUENCY (MHz) Table 1 lists the typical input referred integrated noise for various values of RIN. PASSBAND GAIN (V/V) 50 INTEGRATED INTEGRATED NOISE (µVRMS) Example: With the IC removed and the 25Ω resistors grounded, Figure 7, measure the total integrated noise (eS) of the spectrum analyzer from 10kHz to 20MHz. With the IC inserted, the signal source (VIN) disconnected, and the input resistors grounded, measure the total integrated noise out of the filter (eO). With the signal source connected, set the frequency to 1MHz and adjust the amplitude until VIN measures 100mVP-P. Measure the output amplitude, VOUT, and compute the passband gain A = VOUT/VIN. Now compute the input referred integrated noise (eIN) as: 1 SPECTRUM ANALYZER INPUT COILCRAFT TTWB-1010 25Ω 1:1 3 noise power added together, the resulting calculated noise level will be higher than the true differential noise. Power Dissipation The LT6600-20 amplifiers combine high speed with largesignal currents in a small package. There is a need to ensure that the die junction temperature does not exceed 150°C. The LT6600-20 package has Pin 6 fused to the lead frame to enhance thermal conduction when connecting to a ground plane or a large metal trace. Metal trace and plated through-holes can be used to spread the heat generated by the device to the backside of the PC board. For example, on a 3/32" FR-4 board with 2oz copper, a total of 660 square millimeters connected to Pin 6 of the LT6600-20 (330 square millimeters on each side of the PC board) will result in a thermal resistance, θJA, of about 85°C/W. Without the extra metal trace connected to the V – pin to provide a heat sink, the thermal resistance will be around 105°C/W. Table 2 can be used as a guide when considering thermal resistance. 66002f LT6600-20 U U W U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO Table 2. LT6600-20 SO-8 Package Thermal Resistance For a given supply voltage, the worst-case power dissipation occurs when the differential input signal is maximum, the common mode currents are maximum (see Applications Information regarding common mode DC currents), the load impedance is small and the ambient temperature is maximum. To compute the junction temperature, measure the supply current under these worstcase conditions, estimate the thermal resistance from Table 2, then apply the equation for TJ. For example, using the circuit in Figure 3 with a DC differential input voltage of 250mV, a differential output voltage of 1V, no load resistance and an ambient temperature of 85°C, the supply current (current into Pin 3) measures 55.5mA. Assuming a PC board layout with a 35mm2 copper trace, the θJA is 100°C/W. The resulting junction temperature is: COPPER AREA TOPSIDE (mm2) BACKSIDE (mm2) BOARD AREA (mm2) THERMAL RESISTANCE (JUNCTION-TO-AMBIENT) 1100 330 1100 2500 65°C/W 330 2500 85°C/W 35 35 2500 95°C/W 35 0 2500 100°C/W 0 0 2500 105°C/W Junction temperature, TJ, is calculated from the ambient temperature, TA, and power dissipation, PD. The power dissipation is the product of supply voltage, VS, and supply current, IS. Therefore, the junction temperature is given by: TJ = TA + (PD • θJA) = TA + (VS • IS • θJA) TJ = TA + (PD • θJA) = 85 + (5 • 0.0555 • 100) = 113°C where the supply current, IS, is a function of signal level, load impedance, temperature and common mode voltages. When using higher supply voltages or when driving small impedances, more copper may be necessary to keep TJ below 150°C. U PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO S8 Package 8-Lead Plastic Small Outline (Narrow .150 Inch) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1610) .189 – .197 (4.801 – 5.004) NOTE 3 .045 ±.005 .050 BSC 8 .245 MIN 7 6 5 .160 ±.005 .150 – .157 (3.810 – 3.988) NOTE 3 .228 – .244 (5.791 – 6.197) .030 ±.005 TYP 1 RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT .010 – .020 × 45° (0.254 – 0.508) .008 – .010 (0.203 – 0.254) 0°– 8° TYP .016 – .050 (0.406 – 1.270) NOTE: 1. DIMENSIONS IN .053 – .069 (1.346 – 1.752) .014 – .019 (0.355 – 0.483) TYP INCHES (MILLIMETERS) 2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 3. THESE DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED .006" (0.15mm) 2 3 4 .004 – .010 (0.101 – 0.254) .050 (1.270) BSC SO8 0303 66002f Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 11 LT6600-20 U TYPICAL APPLICATIO A 5th Order, 20MHz Lowpass Filter V+ 0.1µF VIN– VIN+ C= R R 1 7 R C 2 R 8 1 2π • R • 20MHz 3 – + 4 VOUT+ LT6600-20 – + 5 0.1µF 6 GAIN = 402Ω , MAXIMUM GAIN = 4 V – 2R Amplitude Response VOUT– 66002 TA02a Transient Response, Gain = 1 10 0 –10 GAIN (dB) –20 VOUT+ 50mV/DIV –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 200mV/DIV VS = ±2.5V GAIN = 1 C = 39pF R = 200Ω TA = 25°C –90 0.1 10 1 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100ns/DIV 100 66002 TA03 66002 TA04 RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER ® LTC 1565-31 DESCRIPTION COMMENTS 650kHz Linear Phase Lowpass Filter Continuous Time, SO8 Package, Fully Differential LTC1566-1 Low Noise, 2.3MHz Lowpass Filter Continuous Time, SO8 Package LT1567 Very Low Noise, High Frequency Filter Building Block 1.4nV/√Hz Op Amp, MSOP Package, Fully Differential LT1568 Very Low Noise, 4th Order Building Block Lowpass and Bandpass Filter Designs Up to 10MHz, Differential Outputs LT6600-2.5 Very Low Noise Differential Amplifier and 2.5MHz Lowpass Filter 86dB S/N with 3V Supply, SO-8 LT6600-10 Very Low Noise Differential Amplifier and 10MHz Lowpass Filter 82dB S/N with 3V Supply, SO-8 66002f 12 Linear Technology Corporation LT/TP 0503 1K • PRINTED IN USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2003